DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a...
-
Upload
neal-dorsey -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a...
![Page 1: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DENSITY
A summary
![Page 2: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Mass
Mass is the amount of material in an object.
Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.
![Page 3: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Volume
Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object.
It is measured using a graduated cylinder or calculated using objects dimensions
Volume is measured
in cm3, m3, mL and L.
![Page 4: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Block
If the object is a square or rectangular block, use the formula V = l x w x h to calculate volume.
![Page 5: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Cylinder
If the object is cylindrical,
use V = r2 h to calculate volume.
![Page 6: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Liquid
If the substance is a liquid, just measure its volume with a graduated cylinder.
![Page 7: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
For Irregular-shaped Objects:
Use the method known as displacement. Fill a graduated cylinder (or container with a scale) with
a set amount of water and record the volume (i.e. 50 mL)
Carefully add the irregular-shaped object to the cylinder and record the new volume (i.e. 53 mL)
Subtract the initial volume from the new volume – (i.e. 53mL - 50mL)
The volume of the irregular-shaped object must be 3 mL.
![Page 8: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Volume using Graduated Cylinder
![Page 9: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
For large, irregular-shaped objects:
Use the method known as overflow. Fill an overflow can with water and place an
empty graduated cylinder under the spout. Carefully add the irregular-shaped object to
the overflow can and record the volume of water in the graduated cylinder (i.e. 85 mL).
The volume of the irregular-shaped object must be 85 cm3 (since 1 mL = 1 cm3).
![Page 10: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Displacement of Water
![Page 11: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Density
Density is a mass to volume ratio
Density is a physical property and is unique to each pure substance
Objects with smaller densities will float in liquids that have greater densities
With one exception….
![Page 12: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Water!
Particles of solid matter are usually much closer together than they are in the liquid state
What’s happening here?
![Page 13: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Water
The particle theory is not true for water!– Solid state is less dense than liquid - so it floats!
Another unique property of water is its ability to dissolve a large variety of chemical substances– Universal solvent
Waters boiling point is unusually high
![Page 14: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Density
Density depends on:a) The mass of each particle
b) How tightly packed the particles are
The density of a solid is usually greater than that of a liquid– What about water?
The density of liquid is usually greater than that of a gas
![Page 15: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Density of Common Substances
SUBSTANCE STATE AT 200CDENSITY AT 200C
( g/cm3)gold solid 19.32Lead solid 11.35silver solid 10.5
copper solid 8.93nickel solid 8.9iron solid 7.88
aluminium solid 2.7glass solid 2.7
rubber solid 1.2oak(wood) solid 0.7 -0.9pine(wood) solid 0.4 -0.5Styrofoam solid 0.005
Which substance is most dense? Least dense?
![Page 16: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Density Formula
D = m/V
D = density (g/cm3)
m = mass (g)
V = volume (cm3)
Correct case is essential:M = magnification, d = distance, v = speed
![Page 17: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Let’s find some density!
Problem: A sample of silver has a mass of 5.04 g and a volume of 0.480 cm3. What is the density of silver?
The volumes for mass and volume are given:
m = 5.04g and V = 0.480 cm3
The equation for density is D = m/V Substitute values: D = 5.04g/ 0.480 cm3
D = 10.5 g/cm3
The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm3
![Page 18: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
You Try!
Work on Density Calculations Worksheet 1
– Use the GRASS method! G: Given – write out the variables given in a column R: Required – What are you required to find? A: Analysis – write out the equation you are going to use S: Solve! S: Sentence – answer the question with a final sentence
– Please finish for homework (use GRASS)
![Page 19: DENSITY A summary. Mass Mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062800/56649ddf5503460f94ad95b8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
1 more thing…
The Magic Density Triangle:
Cover up the variable you are trying to find
– m = D/V– D = m/V– V = m/D