Denis van der Putten Maritime Spatial Planning in France

1Ministry for Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transport and HousingInter Counties Directorate for Marine Affairs East Channel and North Sea

Ronald C. Baird Sea Grant Science Symposium2012-05-16

Maritime Spatial Planningin France

MSP a way to be looking for Paradoxsto take on Change ?



The English Channel

« Manica,pars oceani inter angliam et galliam »

Gallis : La MancheBellis : Het CanaalAnglis : The Channel



Local Authorities



Local Authority, Municipality

12 miles

279 Mayors able to plan sea floor use



Local Authority, Municipality



Local Authority, Department

7 Departments : coast line and harbors



Local Authority, Region

Basse-Normandie

Haute-Normandie Picardie

Nord-Pas-de-Calais



State Authority at the Local Level

Prefect for the Sea

Prefect for the County



State Directorate at the local level

NAMO

MEMN

SA

Med

4 facades

Inter Counties Directorate for Marine Affairs

Inter County Directorate for Marine Affairs East Channel and North Sea



• Prime minister : – Interministerial Committee of the Sea– General secretary of the sea

• 10 main ministries are involved in maritime planning :– Ministry for ecology, sustainable

development, transport and housing– Ministry for agriculture and fisheries– Ministry for industry and economy– …

Governance at the National Level



Grenelle for EnvironmentGrenelle for the Sea

• 2007 : Grenelle for Environment • 2008 – 2009 : Grenelle for the Sea• For the first time representatives of the

french government and of the whole society were brought together.

• The aim was to prepare a working schedule in favour of environment, sustainable development and planning.



• 2009-07-15 : 138 commitments of Grenelle of the sea published into the Blue Book of the Grenelle of the sea

• 2009-07-16 : in Le Havre, the President of the Republic expressed the desire to see a Blue Book on France’s maritime policy

• 2009-12-08 : Blue Book, a National Strategy for the sea and oceans

Grenelle for EnvironmentGrenelle for the Sea



Blue Book, a National Strategy for the Sea and Oceans

• 2009, after the Grenelle for the Sea, the Prime Minister promoted a framework for the sea and oceans

• Four priorities for french maritime policy :– Invest in the future : be future-oriented and environment-

friendly– Develop a sustainable economy of the sea : aim to

develop a sustainable economy of the sea, a source of added value and employment, particularly for coastal populations

– Promote the maritime dimension of the French overseas territories

– Assert France’s place on the international scene :in Europe, and through Europe.

• Six measures : creation of a coast guard function, creation of new marine conservation zones, maritime teaching reform, creation of a platform for the maritime renewable energies, acceleration of the strategic planning of the offshore wind energy, creation of the inter counties directions for marine.



Toward an integrated Policy



Planning and Governance• The commitments of Grenelle of the

environment and the sea were transcribed in the Grenelle’s laws :– National council for the sea and for

the coasts• National Strategy for the Sea

– Maritime Facade Council• Strategic Document for each Facade



• Grenelle of environment commitments : 6 000 MW of Wind Energy until 2020

• January 11th, 2012 first call to developpers to install3 000 MW in 5 zones ; 1 000 / 1 200 wind turbines

• A top down process to find ease Areas for Offshore Wind Farms :

• Energy Regulation Council : manage the Call to Developers• Ministry in charge of the Sea / Directorate for Energy and

Climate / Technical Agency : manage Consultation of Stakeholders at national level, data and GIS

• Prefects of Region : manage the Consultation of the Stakeholders at the Maritime Facade level

Planning Offshore Wind Energy



• Maritime renewable energy• Link to the mapping website :http://www.geolittoral.equipement.gouv.fr/cartographie-

en-ligne-a289.html




Planning Offshore Wind EnergyThe Technical Potential

Current




Fixed structure : - 30 m




Fixed structure : - 40 m




Floating structure



Planning Offshore Wind EnergyUses

Fishing activities




Others Activities and Uses




Transportation – Security




Environment



Planning Offshore Wind EnergySuitable Areas



Planning Offshore Wind EnergyAn Economic ResultApril 6th, 2012 :Fécamp (Seine-Maritime, 498 MW): Eolien Maritime Courseulles-sur-Mer (Calvados, 450 MW), Eolien Maritime France Saint-Nazaire (Loire-Atlantique, 480 MW), Eolien Maritime France ; Saint-Brieuc (Côtes d’Armor, 500 MW), Ailes Marines SAS

2015 : building of the Wind Farms, support to Employment, Factories, Harbors



Sharing Tax :• National Fund for Compensation of Offshore Wind

Energy Tax : 14 139 € (18047 USD) per built MW• 50 % to Municipalities• 35 % to the National Comitee for Sustainable Development of

Halieutic Ressources to support fisheries organizations projects• 15 % to support other marine activities including actions to

improve or maintain good status of marine ecosystem after an advice of the Facade Maritime Council

• 1 928 MW are being build from 2015, it might be collected 27 259 992 € (34 794 616 USD) per year of tax




Planning Marine Protected Areas

Marine Protected Areas Agency

• Link to the Marine Protected Areas Agency Website (Introduction in English language)http://www.aires-marines.fr/french-marine-protected-areas-

agency.html

• Link to its mapping Website :http://cartographie.aires-marines.fr/?q=carto/simple



• The law on marine nature park of April 14th, 2006, also creates the French Marine Protected Areas Agency (Agence des aires marines protégées). It is a public entity under the control of an administrative board composed of national representatives of State, local authorities and stakeholders.

• Its aims are:– support public policies in the field of marine protected areas, both concerning

their creation and their management,– manage the human and financial resources dedicated to marine nature

parks,– and give technical and administrative support to managers of marine

protected areas.

• Beyond its practical missions, the French Agency is due to foster the attention on marine biodiversity issues and to keep the momentum on the ambitious objective of establishing a significant marine protected areas network : a new National Strategy for Management and Creation of new Marine Protected Areas is available since April 18th, 2012.. It is also expected that the Agency will contribute to strengthen the participation of France to the international arrangements concerning the protection of the oceans.

• http://www.aires-marines.fr/images/stories/evenement/resume_strategie_scgamp_2012.pdf




Planning Marine Protected AreasStakeholders Working Groups



Planning Marine Protected AreasProject Governance



Planning Marine Protected AreasRegional Strategic Analysis



Planning Marine Protected AreasPerimeter




• Public enquiry, based upon :– Data : Uses, Heritage– A List of Issues for the Management– Perimeter

• Ministerial Decree :– Perimeter– The List of Issues for the Management– Management Council

• Management Council :– Management Plan : Stakes, Aims, Rules




• Management Council contributes to the Regulation of the activities :– Economic influence :

• Culture of seaweeds :– Organic Certification,– Reduction of the number of Breeder

– Legal influence, produces Common Law :• Opinion during a procedure of authorization for the

regularization of a pigsty and its extension : – Favorable to the regularization, opposite to the extension– Taken in acount by the Prefect / the Breeder of Pigs



EU MSFD• http://www.dredging.org/documents/ceda/dow

nloads/2011-seasforlife.pdf• The aim of the European Union's ambitious

Marine Strategy Framework Directive is to protect more effectively the marine environment across Europe.

• The Marine Directive was adopted on 17 June 2008, after several years of preparation and extensive consultation of all the relevant actors and the public, and came into force on 15 June 2008. It was due to be transposed into national legislation by 15 July 2010.



• What does a Marine Strategy include?– The initial assessment of the current environmental status of

national marine waters and the environmental impact and socio-economic analysis of human activities in these waters (by 15 July 2012)

– The determination of what GES means for national marine waters (by 15 July 2012)

– The establishment of environmental targets and associated indicators to achieve GES by 2020 (by 15 July 2012)

– The establishment of a monitoring programme for the ongoing assessment and the regular update of targets (by 15 July 2014)

– The development of a programme of measures designed to achieve or maintain GES by 2020 (by 2015)

– The review and preparation of the second cycle (2018 –2021)

EU MSFD



EU MSFD



EU MSFDAchieve Good Environmental Status by 2020• The main goal of the Marine Directive is to achieve Good Environmental

Status of EU marine waters by 2020. The Directive defines Good Environmental Status (GES) as:

• “The environmental status of marine waters where these provide ecologically diverse and dynamic oceans and seas which are clean, healthy and productive” Article 3

• GES means that the different uses made of the marine resources are conducted at a sustainable level, ensuring their continuity for future generations.

• In addition, GES means that: • Ecosystems, including their hydro-morphological (i.e. the structure and

evolution of the water resources), physical and chemical conditions, are fully functioning and resilient to human-induced environmental change;

• The decline of biodiversity caused by human activities is prevented and biodiversity is protected;

• Human activities introducing substances and energy into the marine environment do not cause pollution effects. Noise from human activities is compatible with the marine environment and its ecosystems.



French MSP linking with EU MSFD Implementation

Link to the mapping site :http://www.ifremer.fr/sextant/fr/web/dcsm

m/editorial



MSP and EU MSFDEcological Status

Currents



MSP and EU MSFDEcological Status

Habitats



MSP and EU MSFDPressures and Impacts

Aggregates extraction



MSP and EU MSFDEconomical and Social AnalysisYachting, number of sites per Municipality



• COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS, 2007– An Integrated Maritime Policy for the European Union

• COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION, 2008– Roadmap for Maritime Spatial Planning: Achieving

Common Principles in the EU• COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS, 2010– Maritime Spatial Planning in the EU – Achievements and

Future Development• REGULATION (EU) No 1255/2011 OF THE EUROPEAN

PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL, November 30th, 2011 – Establishing a Programme to support the further

Development of an Integrated Maritime Policy

EU MSP



Commission communication, 2008• EU instruments :

– Environmental legislation : MSFD, Water Framework Directive (WFD), The Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive (NATURA 2000), The Strategic Environment Assessment (SEA) Directive

– The Common Fisheries Policy (CFP)– Other instruments : the EU ICZM Recommendation,

Communication on offshore wind energy

EU MSP



Commission Communication, 2008• Key Principles Emerging from Maritime Spatial

Planning Practice :

1. Using MSP according to area and type of activity2. Defining objectives to guide MSP3. Developing MSP in a transparent manner4. Stakeholder participation 5. Coordination within Member States — Simplifying decision

processes6. Ensuring the legal effect of national MSP7. Cross-border cooperation and consultation8. Incorporating monitoring and evaluation in the planning process9. Achieving coherence between terrestrial and maritime spatial

planning — relation with ICZM10.A strong data and knowledge base

EU MSP



French point of vueon EU MSP

• 2011-10-11 the french ministry, in charge of the sea met the Commissioner in charge of maritime affairs

• France is early on the European approach :– Development of the maritime economy in all its

aspects– Governance at both national and local levels has

been modernized– Maritime spatial planning is in progress

• The ministry supports the european initiative and is available to deepen the committed works



Marine Spatial Planning for the Manche est mer du Nord Facade

???



What new drivers could be developed ?

• To give to the Marine Council for the Facade the Core Place, the aim could be to reinforce local democracy, transparency and develop local capacity for MSP : a new meeting place from which advices could outcome to help into the process of decision making.

• To quickly implement the Research Program : « draw me a plan for the sea.. »we are now writing with scientists. The implementation of this project could offer the opportunity to bring people be in confidence enough to build a common spatialized and drawn vision and that it will create an important local demand that could be able to define the mandate for the Directorates, to difine an Agenda for this Initiative. Such research program could influence decision process of both local and national authorities.



What else do we need firstto be successful ?

- To implement a based environmental Initiative funded using MSFD aims and issues : GIS data, assess of ecosystem status, definition of environmental objectives and measures to implement, to maintain or to reach the good environmental status.

- To have a deadline defined, maybe ordered by a restrictive European Directive.



What do we expect out of the Implementation of our MSP

Initiative ?

• Make People express what they prefer the Futur to be.

• To develop an Initiative able to make People find an add value to manage their Environment as a Common Good.



…to be drawn…

Work in Progress…

Denis van der Putten Maritime Spatial Planning in France

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