Demand Response Research Center and Open … -STEAB feb22_0.pdf · and Open Automated Demand...
Transcript of Demand Response Research Center and Open … -STEAB feb22_0.pdf · and Open Automated Demand...
DemandResponseResearchCenterand OpenAutomatedDemandResponse
February22,2011
MaryAnnPieKe [email protected]
PresentaIontotheStateEnergyAdvisoryBoard
DemandResponseResearchCenter BuildingTechnologiesDept.
LawrenceBerkeleyNaIonalLaboratory
drrc.lbl.gov
ScopeofDRResearchCenter
SponsoredbyCEC,PG&E,SCE,SD&GE,DOE,BPA,NYSERDA, NRCANADA,SMUD,
• EnergySystemsIntegraGonandStrategicIssues – Communica8onsInfrastructures – GridIntegraIonandRenewables – MarketDesignfromPriceResponseandAncillaryServices
• Buildings – Automa8on,Communica8onsandControl – End‐UseControlStrategiesandModels – SimulaIonTools,FieldStudies,DeploymentandTraining – BehaviorResponse
• Industry – AutomaIon,End‐UsesandControls
OpenADRisaNISTSmartGridStandard: OpenAutomatedDemandResponse
Signaling‐conInuous,2‐way, securemessagingsystem fordynamicprices, emergencyandreliability signals.One‐way applicaIonsareunder development
Client‐serverarchitecture‐uses openinterfacestoallow interoperabilitywith publishandsubscribe systems
Currentsystem‐usesinternet availableatmostlarge faciliIesorbroadcasIng points.
Hardwareretrofitorembedded so:ware‐manyclients fullyimplementedwith exisIngXMLso<ware
OpenADRTechnologyConcepts • 2002‐IniIalResearchConcept • April2009–OpenADRSpecPublished
• May2009‐oneof1st16NISTSmartGrid Standards
• 2010–OpenADRinover250faciliIesin California,over150MWplanned
Elements‐
1 UGlitySystem
2 DRAutomaGonServer
3 TwoWaySignalstoFacility
4 FacilityControls
5 ClientAcknowledgesSignal
Pricing Control Physical DataModels Strategies CommunicaGons
$/ kWh
Price Signal
OpenADR Data Model Internet Comms Client
Server Auto‐DR
Building
AcIon End‐Use Controls
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FutureDirecDonsDRstrategiesasa“Modes”inOpDmizedControl
• Orchestratemodesusingschedules,signals,op=miza=onalgorithms:
• Occupied/Unoccupied• Maintenance/Cleaning• Warmup/Cooldown• Nightpurge/Pre‐cooling• LowpowerDRmode
• Intelligenceneededfordecisionmaking• Financialfeedbacksystemsneedtopresent
opera=onalvalue• EmbedDRcommunica=onsclientinEMCS–work
towardcodes,supportBACnetandLONinteroperability
KWH
Non‐SpinningReserves
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TOU
PeakChoice
Ancillary Services Resource
Reg.Up/Down&
SpinningReserves
Advanced Notice of Response
Dur
atio
n of
Res
pons
e
Seconds Minutes Hours Days Months
Seco
nds
M
inut
es
Hou
rs
CriDcalPeakPricing
CapacityBidding
Real‐DmePricing
Demand Response Opportunities: Advance Notice and Duration of Response
End Use Type Modulate On/Off Max.
Response Time
HVAC
Chiller Systems Setpoint Adj. 15 min.
Package Unit Setpoint Adj. Disable Compressors 5 min.
Lighting Dimmable Reduce Level 5 min.
On/Off Bi-Level Off 5 min.
Refrig/Frozen Warehouse Setpoint Adj. 15 min.
Data Centers Setpoint Adj., Reduce CPU Processing
15 min.
Ag. Pumping Turn Off selected pumps
5 min.
Wastewater Turn Off selected pumps
5 min.
End Uses and Response
CurrentResearchArea:DRforIntegraDngRenewableResources(IRR)
• California’s Renewable Portfolio Standards: 33% renewable integration by 2020
• Wind and Solar resources are variable and intermittent
• Challenges: • Intra-hour variability • Ramping • Forecast error • Over generation
Goal: Identify strategies to address renewable integration challenges.
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ArchitectureforPilot:DRasResourceforManagingGridwithIntermi`entRenewables
Acronyms:
EMS – ISO’s Energy Management System
AGC– Automated Generation Control
ICCP– Inter-control Center Communication Protocol
DRAS – DR Automation Server
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ResearchQues=onsforResiden=alSmartGridResearch
• Whatnear‐termbenefitscanconsumersexpectfromSmartGriddeployments?– SmartMetersarethemostconsumer‐visibleelementsoftoday’sSmartGrid
– SmartMetershavebeendeployedandhavealreadybecomeavola=leconsumerissue
• Whencanthesebenefitsbedemonstrated?– SmartMeterscanimmediatelyprovidebenefitsintheformofnearreal‐=meinforma=on
U)litySecurityDomain
Residen)alSecurityDomain
HANSecurityDomain
AMI(proprietary)
Zigbee(SEP1.0/2.0)
Zigbee WiFi(IEEEStd.)
U=lity‐approvedGateway
UDlity‐ownedAMINetwork
UDlity‐controlledHANNetwork
End‐userNetwork
Dedicated Display
Cell Phone
Web / TV
SmartMeter(ItronorSilverSpring)
Residen)alSecurityDomain
U)litySecurityDomain
HANSecurityDomain
AMI(proprietary)
Zigbee(SEP1.0/2.0)
Zigbee WiFi(IEEEStd.)
U=lity‐approvedGateway
UDlity‐ownedAMINetwork
UDlity‐controlledHANNetwork
End‐userNetwork
Dedicated Display
Cell Phone
Web / TV
SmartMeter(ItronorSilverSpring)
Residen)alSecurityDomain
U)litySecurityDomain
HANSecurityDomain
AMI(proprietary
Zigbee(SEP1.0/2.0)
Zigbee WiFi(IEEEStd.)
U=lity‐approvedGateway
UDlity‐ownedAMINetwork
UDlity‐controlledHANNetwork
End‐userNetwork
Dedicated Display
Cell Phone
Web / TV
SmartMeter(ItronorSilverSpring)
IssuesforPresentStudy• Foru=li=eswillingtoenable
HANradios,fewdevicesapprovedforproduc=onuse– Manydevicesare
available–somewithZigbeecer=fica=on
– HANdeviceSmartMeterfirmwareinteroperabilitytes=ngisadhocandlacksmarket‐wideorganiza=on
– HANdevicetes=ngnotyetmatureorconsistentacrossu=li=es
• Intheproduc=onenvironment,manydevicesareinvariousstagesof“produc=onreadiness”
• But…few,ifany,devicesareusableforwidespreadfieldtes=ng
HostUDliDes
ProposedY/N
NetworkProvider
Comments
LADWP N none Nosmartmeters
MID Y SilverSpring
Greenfield
PG&E N SilverSpring
Securityconcerns
SCE ? Itron Havebeentoobusytorespond
SDG&E Y Itron Leverageexis=ngpilots
SMUD N SilverSpring
Securityconcerns
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Summary
Automating Demand Response with open standards is making good progress
Need to link advanced controls for efficiency and DR
Future research
• Additional end-use load evaluations, especially ancillary services
• Closer analysis of economics
• Continue to explore load and DR predictions
Summary and Future Research
DRRCToolsandGuides
• Surveys and Audit Tools • Site Survey (Commercial) • Industrial Controls Survey
• Guides • Case Studies (C&I) • DR Strategies Guide (Commercial) • Client Logic w/ Integrated Relay Installation Guide • Application Manual for Software Client Development
• Tools • DR Quick Assessment Tool • Load statistical Analysis Tool • Weather sensitivity Calculation Tool • Baseline Analysis Tool