Demand Response for System Operation in Spain. 23th June 2011.
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Transcript of Demand Response for System Operation in Spain. 23th June 2011.
Demand Response for System Operation in Spain.
23th June 2011
2
Overview of the presentation
Who is REE?
Spanish energy context
The challenge of the Demand Side Management
Demand Response experiences
Conclusion
3
Who is Red Eléctrica de España?
• Red Eléctrica was the first company in the world dedicated exclusively to power transmission and the operation of electrical systems. A pioneer in its field, the company occupies a position of leadership today in these activities.
• Red Eléctrica is the first European TSO establishing a Demand Side Management Department in coherence with its commitment of the development of a smarter electric grid adapted to the next decade challenges
Red Eléctrica is the Spanish transmission system operator (TSO)
4
TSO functions
Spanish electric system. TSO functions:
To ensure the security and continuity of power supply, keeping the instantaneous balance between generation and demand.
To design, develop and maintain transport network.
Hydro generation
Wind power
REE Control centre
Thermal generation
Transport network
Distribution network
Distribution substation
Transport substation
Residential consumption (low voltage)
Industrial consumption (high voltage)
5
Overview of the presentation
Who is REE?
Spanish energy context
The challenge of the Demand Side Management
Demand Response experiences
Conclusion
6
Energy context
The 20/20/20 European Strategy is the key driver of the Spanish energy model change
20 / 20 / 20 Strategy
20% reduction in
primary energy
consumption
20% of final energy coming from renewables
20%
reduction
in GHG
emissions
Renewable energy development and efficiency improvement involve a reduction in GHG emissions.
Renewable energy integration in the electric system leads to an improvement in the system global efficiency.
7
Towards a new energy model
Fulfilling European objectives need a change in order to move to a new energy model.
Huge use of renewable energy
Distributed generation near end users
Electric vehicle
Energy storage
Fossil fuels cleaner use
Demand side management
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Spanish energy context
Spanish electric system is still dependant on fossil fuels, but presents a continuous introduction of energy coming from renewable sources.
2010 generation share
Combined cycles, nuclear and wind were the most used technologies in
2010.
In recent years has increased the participation of wind and combined cycles, basically at expense of production based in
coal.
Spanish generation share evolution
13,5%
22,2%
8,0%
0,7%0,0%
23,4%
15,2%
17,1% Hydro
Nuclear
Coal
Fuel-Gas
Fuel-Oil
Combined Cycle
Wind
Other RE0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Wind
Combined Cycle
Fuel-Oil
Fuel-Gas
Hydro
Other RE
Coal
Nuclear
13,5%
22,2%
8,0%
0,7%0,0%
23,4%
15,2%
17,1% Hydro
Nuclear
Coal
Fuel-Gas
Fuel-Oil
Combined Cycle
Wind
Other RE
49%
15%
14%
6%
16%CHP
Solar
Mini Hydro
Biomass
Wastes
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Overview of the presentation
Who is REE?
Spanish energy context
The challenge of the Demand Side Management
Demand Response experiences
Conclusion
10
The challenge for the system operation
As a TSO, Red Eléctrica manages a daily load shape which presents high ratio peaks vs off-peak demands.
Low demand level
High wind energy production
High ratio peak vs off-peak
On some occasions wind production is curtailed, when demand is very low and interconnection capabilities are very limited
1
2
2
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4.700 MW where needed in 2010 only for the 300 hours with higher demand
38.000
39.000
40.000
41.000
42.000
43.000
44.000
45.000
1 51 101 151 201 251
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Nº de horas de mayor consumo
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
15 1.403 2.507 1.152 1.545 1.090120 2.685 5.018 3.063 4.228 3.329300 3.884 6.397 4.098 5.988 4.709
MW necesarios
Challenges caused by the evolution of electrical demand
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-10,000
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
MW
Integración y vertido de renovables en el sistema - Horizonte 2016
Min R.O. Necesario Hid. Fluyente (medio) RE Cogen. RE Bio-RSU-RSIRE Mini-hid. RE Solar FV RE Termo-Solar Eolica 32016 Eficiente Vertido E Dem. Efi. + Export. + Bomb.
High growth for the installed wind and solar power in the next years
• 29.000 MW wind power
• 10.000 MW solar power
Renewal energies in 2016
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
1.99
7
1.99
8
1.99
9
2.00
0
2.00
1
2.00
2
2.00
3
2.00
4
2.00
5
2.00
6
2.00
7
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8
2.00
9
2.01
6
MW
Evolution of the wind power instalated
The challenge for the system operation
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What does it means Demand Side Management?
Demand Side Management (DSM) means the planning and improvement of measures aiming to impact in the way
that energy is consumed, with the
objective of changing the demand load
shape
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DSM measures
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High demand on off peak
Pumping
Future storage technologies
Electric vehicles
1 2 3 4
Time of use tariff
Demand participation in electricity markets
Improvements in the efficiency of products and processes
Increasing public awareness of energy efficiency
Industrial Demand management: Interruption Service
Automated management of electrical loads
Demand reduction Movement of demand from peak to off peak
Demand reduction on the Electrical System
peak hours
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Four drivers are essential to change the load shape
Information
1
Key elements to drive the DSM challenge
“We cannot change what we do not know”
Dissemination of energy efficiency best practices
Need to apply time of use prices to make the final consumer sensitive to the real cost of energy and when this energy is consumed
Automation that allows the implementation of DSM measures (Home automation, Smart Grid, network driven DSM,…)
Clear objectives
Minimum regulatory framework that allows the development of energy efficiency – oriented markets
Prices
2
Automation
3
Regulatory
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Overview of the presentation
Who is REE?
Spanish energy context
The challenge of the Demand Side Management
Demand Response experiences
Conclusion
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< 15 minyears
system planningmonths
operational planningday-ahead
economic schedulingday-of
economic dispatch< 15 min
Incentive-Based Demand Response
Price-Based Demand Response
capacity/ancillaryservices programs
< 15 min
demand bidding/buyback
emergencyprograms
energyefficiency
day-ahead hourlypricing (RTP)
real-time hourlypricing (RTP)/CPP
time-of-userates
direct loadcontrol
interruptibleprograms
loadcommitmenttimescales
power &load
reductiondelivery
dispatchcommitment
<15 min
Fuente: Measurement, Verification, and Forecasting Protocols for Demand Response Resources. NARUC-FERC Demand Response Collaborative 17
Demand Response products, can be used not only to solve secutiry issues but also to help the energy efficiency of the whole system
Demand Response
Other DSM activities
Long term operational
planning
Day-ahead economic
scheduling
Day-of economic dispatch
< 15 min
DSMDSM
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DR services are normally calssified in two groups attending to mechisms used to promote the response
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Direct Load Control (DLC) Interruptible/curtailable rated (I/C) Demand bidding/Buy-back programs (DB) Emergency Demand Response Programs (EDRP) Capacity Programs (CAP) Ancillary Services markets program (A/S)
Time-of-use (TOU) Critical peak pricing (CPP) Real-time pricing (RTP)
Incentive-based Programs Time-based rates
This programs relies on incentives to the reduction on the demand in addition to the electric tariffs which can be variable depending on time or not. The load reduction happens when the operator needs to reduce the load of the system
Electricity prices varies depending on production costs, users are not obliged to reduce their demand if they are asked to.
De
fin
ició
nP
rod
uc
tos
Source: Coordination of Energy Efficiency and Demand Response, A Resource Of The National Action Plan For Energy Efficiency. U.S. Department of Energy
Demand Response
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Interruptibility service
The interruptibility service is a demand management tool which gives a rapid and efficient response to the needs of the electricity system in emergency
situations. It consists on reducing the active power demanded to a required residual power level (firm power level), in response to a power reduction
order issued by Red Eléctrica de España, as system operator, to consumers subscribed to this service.
Firm power level
Demand program
Order duration
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Industrial demand management
REE enable a higher flexibility of the demand through the management of 10 % of the national demand.
155 providers of the interruptibility service provide flexibility and load shape adaptation to the system in critic moments.
Papel
Siderurgia
CementoQuímica
Perfil de consumo de los suministros interrumpibles durante un día característico de invierno (21/01/2009)
Flexibility power that REE can interrupt on critical moments (between 2.000
and 2.500 MW)
Load shape adaptationShift of the demand from the system
peak to the system off-peak
1 2
1
2
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Sectorial analysis
155 Interruptibility providers are grouped in industrial sectors in order to get a better comprehension of their consumption.
• Metallurgy and Iron and steel industry represent more than 70% of the total interruptible demand.
• Cement, Paper, Chemistry or Industrial Gases have also a considerable percentage of the total demand.
43.89%
26.77%
8.89%
7.86%
5.57%4.45%
1.57% 0.65%
0.34%SIDERURGIA
METALURGIA
CEMENTO
QUÍMICA
PAPEL
GASES INDUSTRIALES
VARIOS
MADERA
VIDRIO
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Communication schemeThe Communication, Implementation and Control System for Interruptibility Service
(SCECI) consists of the intercommunicated equipment that implements service interruption orders and their follow up to determine compliance.
• Management System (SG-SCECI) that forwards service interruption orders.
• Metering, Communication and Control Equipment (EMCC) set up in consumers to manage interruption orders.
REE
Providers
23
New tools for system operation
New operation tools for the management of the DSM industrial services.
24
GAD project
Distribuidor
¿What loads?1
¿What customers?
2
¿Algorithms?4
¿Economical and regulatory model?
5
¿Architecture?6
¿What appliances ?
7
¿System operation?
3
Targets
25
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Loads and appliances
Load controller(ORBIS)
User interface(ORBIS)
Plugs and smart lines(ZIV)
Smart appliances (FAGOR – ALTRA)
Transformer equipment (ORBIS)
Smart meter (ZIV)
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Management tools
New tools for demand management (GAD project)
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Some results for REE
For REE, GAD services may become a very relevant operational tool helping to improve efficiency of spanish electric system
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MW Situación Base Respuesta a orden de reducción
Response to technical signals
Response to price signals
28
Overview of the presentation
Who is REE?
Spanish energy context
The challenge of the Demand Side Management
Demand Response experiences
Conclusion
29
Conclusion
Demand side management will have a key role in the future system operation
Higher integration of smaller scale and intermittent generation from
renewable energies
Forecast and operation tools
Integration in Control Center
Electric vehicle
Industrial Demand Management
Storage
Electricity offer Electricity Demand
Information
30
The future of the Electric System
“Smart Grid” is the process “to transform the functionality of the present electricity transmission and distribution grids so that they are able to provide a user-oriented service, enabling the achievement of the 20/20/20 targets and guaranteeing, in an electricity market environment, high security, quality and economic efficiency of electricity supply” (ENTSOE)
Hydro generation
Wind power
REE Control centre
Thermal generation
Transport network
Distribution network
Distribution substation
Transport substation
Residential consumption (low voltage)
Industrial consumption (high voltage)
Storage
Renewable Energy
Shifting Transformers
Demand Side Management
Smart meters
Electric Vehicles
3131
