Macroeconomía: Teoría y política con aplicaciones en américa latina Cap.5_11
defense ppt 5_11
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ANALYSIS OF QUATERNARY FAULTS AND ASSOCIATED DEFORMATION OF SEDIMENTARY BASIN FILL: INNER CONTINENTAL BORDERLAND OF CALIFORNIA
ANALYSIS OF QUATERNARY FAULTS AND ASSOCIATED DEFORMATION OF SEDIMENTARY BASIN FILL: INNER CONTINENTAL BORDERLAND OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
Jonathan Bennett
OVERVIEWBackground and ProblemQuestions to Be AddressedMethodsResultsConclusions
BackgroundComplex tectonic historyTranstension transpressionMultiple episodes of faulting
Fisher et al. (2009)
Fisher et al. (2009)BackgroundJennings et al. (2010)Ryan et al. (2009)This Study
N
BackgroundDating method for ICB sediment based upon radiocarbon dated cores Date calibration beyond those provided from the cores are obtained through sequence stratigraphy and extrapolation below the coreNormark et al. (2009)
Bottom:Covault and Romans (2009)
ControversyDifferent fault interpretations based upon dating techniques The results of which are significant in calculating fault activity and seismic hazard
Questions to be Addressed:Can the sedimentary basin fill in the ICB be reliably correlated regionally to dated rocks in a core hole in Los Angeles harbor? What would this information, paired with a more thorough interpretation of ICB faults do to resolve some of the controversies found in the ICB such as fault continuity and activity?
MethodsData analysis: Stratigraphic and structural interpretationGridding and depth conversionMeasurementsSlip modeling
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
IHS THE KINGDOM SUITE
Data Analysis Four Quaternary reflections named Quaternary 1 - Quaternary 4Based upon previously interpreted top Lower Pico
Quaternary 1 Quaternary 2 Quaternary 3Quaternary 4 Top Lower PicoH 4 CC
Data Analysis
Data Analysis: Stratigraphy
Stratigraphic Interpretation
Data Analysis: StructureFaults that we interpreted were imaged consistently in MCS dataBounded large basins or large offset/ deformation were deemed significant
N
Flower Structures
AABBCCDDEEFFGGData Analysis: Structure
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
Data Analysis: Structure
GG
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
Gridding and Depth Conversion
10 km
Gridding Process
Measurements
Slip ModelingSimple trigonometry is used to estimate slip direction and amountIt assumes that vertical deformation is due to oblique transport of the hanging wall block up or down a ramp of apparent dip
Where is the angle between the local slip vector and local fault strike and is the fault dip
Results
N
Results
AABBCCDDEEFFGGQ1-Q4 were correlated to dated rocks in Los Angeles harbor (A)
Results
Bottom: Covault and Romans (2009)
1 km corridors used for modeling (1-58)Structural Relief (meters)Measured Strike (azimuth degrees)-100-200Results: Top Lower Pico Structural Relief vs. Strike of San Mateo-Carlsbad Fault
Releasing step over
Restraining
ResultsPure Thrust SlipRelative to a fixed footwall
Structural Relief (meters)
Relative to a fixed footwall this graph shows motion of the hanging wall29
Results:162 slip orientation with motion to the south
Vertical Deformation(meters)
1 km corridors used for modeling (1-58)Structural Relief (meters)
Results:177 slip orientation with motion to the south
1 km corridors used for modeling (1-58)Structural Relief (meters)
80% right-lateral 20% reverse 31
Results:Q3 Q4 and TLP vs SMC Strike
1 km corridors used for modeling (32-58)Measured Deformation (Measured Strike (azimuth degrees)Structural Relief (meters)58
Restraining
Releasing step over
Results:Isochore maps TLP-Seafloor
030060090012001500
Meters Depth20 km
Top Lower Pico-Quaternary 4
0
450
20 kmVertical Thickness(meters)
Quaternary 4 Quaternary 3
20 km
0200
Vertical Thickness(meters)
Quaternary 3- Quaternary 220 km
0200Vertical Thickness(meters)
Quaternary 2- Quaternary 1
20 km
0200Vertical Thickness(meters)
Quaternary 1- Seafloor
030020 kmVertical Thickness(meters)
Bathymetric Grid of the Seafloor
03006009001200150018002100Meters Depth20 km
New Animation
Conclusions
ConclusionsThe -9km wide step-over in the San Mateo-Carlsbad fault marks a boundary between transpression in the north and transtension in the southThe SMC fault is modeled as kinematically continuous with a slip direction range of 162-177 of the hanging wall relative to the footwall towards (right-lateral)Average slip rate of ~0.44mm/year relative to the 5cm/year attributed to the plate boundary
ConclusionsSMC-Newport Inglewood positive flower structure steps right ~19km over to the Coronado Bank-Descanso negative flower structure adjacent to San Diego.These findings are consistent with right-lateral strike-slip being the dominant accommodation of stress.
ConclusionsIsochore maps indicate sedimentation is not constant and accumulation shifts spatially throughout the QuaternaryThe ~ 600ka Q4 sequence boundary can locally represent hundreds of meters of missing sectionSlip rates calculated from our new age model suggest that slip rates are a magnitude lower than if they were calculated using a recently published age modelPotentially indicating lower seismic hazard
AcknowledgementsNAMSS, JEBCO, WestenGeco, Chevron, USGS for the seismic reflection dataIHS The Kingdom SuiteBrian Campbell and Billy Alward for their workDr. Bauer, Dr. Cormier, and Dr. Sorlien, for advising me on this projectDr. Loehr for serving as the outside reader on my defense committee My family and friends for their supportMy girlfriend Amy for putting up with me
BONUS CLOSED DOOR SLIDES
Results