The Antiquities Act of 1906 and Presidential Proclamations ...
Declarations under the National Emergencies Act, Part 1 ... · be found here). The Table notes when...
Transcript of Declarations under the National Emergencies Act, Part 1 ... · be found here). The Table notes when...
CRS Legal Sidebar Prepared for Members and
Committees of Congress
Legal Sidebari
Declarations under the National Emergencies
Act, Part 1: Declarations Currently in Effect
Emily E. Roberts
Law Librarian
February 28, 2019
On February 15, 2019, President Trump declared a national emergency under the National Emergencies
Act to aid in the construction of physical barriers along the U.S. border with Mexico. Besides raising
questions about whether a national emergency declaration can facilitate the construction of such barriers
(a topic discussed in a related Sidebar), the declaration has also prompted more general interest in the
National Emergencies Act, including in other emergencies declared under the Act that are currently in
effect.
This Sidebar—the first of a two-part series identifying declarations issued under the National
Emergencies Act, provides a Table identifying national emergency declarations that are currently in
effect as of February 15, 2019 (the companion Sidebar, identifying declarations no longer in effect, can
be found here). The Table notes when later Executive Orders or Presidential Proclamations modified the
initial executive action in which a national emergency was declared. The Table also lists statutory
authorities cited to support the initial Executive Order or Presidential Proclamation, along with statutory
authorities expressly cited in those documents as the legal basis for actions taken in response to the
declared emergency. Finally, the Table identifies the date when the declared emergency was last extended
or, if it has not been extended, the date when it is currently set to expire.
This list was generated by searching the Presidential Documents database on Westlaw for citations to the
National Emergencies Act and the terms emergency and declare or proclaim, and by reviewing
presidential actions posted on the White House website on February 15, 2019 following announcement of
the declaration that day. To determine the status of each declared national emergency, we consulted the
Executive Orders Disposition Tables, produced by the National Archives, and searched the Federal
Register database on Westlaw for the Executive Order or Presidential Proclamation number and variations
and combinations of the terms contin! or revok! or rescind! or termin!.
Congressional Research Service
7-5700
www.crs.gov
LSB10252
Congressional Research Service 2
In part because there is little case law on the matter and the Executive has arguably taken conflicting
views over the years on the Act's relationship with other statutes, this Sidebar identifies only those
Executive Orders and Presidential Proclamations that expressly invoke the National Emergencies Act.
Declared National Emergencies Expressly Invoking the National Emergencies Act
Currently in Effect as of February 1, 2019
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 12,170, 44
Fed. Reg. 65,729
(Nov. 14, 1979).
Blocking Iranian
Government
Property
Carter
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651
3 U.S.C. § 301
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
56,251 (Nov. 8,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 12,938, 59
Fed. Reg. 58,099
(Nov. 14, 1994),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,094, 63
Fed. Reg. 40803
(Jul. 28, 1998),
Exec. Order
No. 13,128, 64
Fed. Reg. 43,703
(June 25, 1999),
and Exec.
Order No.
13,382, 70 Fed.
Reg. 38,567 (Jul.
1, 2005).
Proliferation of
Weapons of
Mass
Destruction
Clinton
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651
Arms Export Control Act, 22
U.S.C. §§ 2751-2799aa–2
3 U.S.C. § 301
Arms Export Control Act,
22 U.S.C. §§ 2751-2799aa–
2.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
56,253 (Nov. 8,
2018).
1 This column only lists statutes expressly identified in the initial Executive Order or Presidential Proclamation as providing the
basis for a specific substantive provision within the executive action. For example, the column does not identify United Nations
Security Council Resolutions cited in support of certain actions. Additionally, other sources of authority that might be relied upon
as the basis for a particular provision within the Order or Proclamation are not identified. For instance, Executive Order No.
13,694 provides that covered persons shall be denied entry into the United States; though not expressly providing that such denial
is pursuant to Section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, the order cross-references a Presidential Proclamation that
relies upon to Section 212(f) as its legal basis. Neither the earlier Presidential Proclamation nor the statutory provision cited
therein is listed in the Table.
Congressional Research Service 3
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 12,947, 60
Fed. Reg. 5079
(Jan. 23, 1995),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,099, 63
Fed. Reg. 45,167
(Aug. 20, 1998),
and Exec.
Order No.
13,372, 70 Fed.
Reg. 8499 (Feb.
16, 2005).
Prohibiting
Transactions
With Terrorists
Who Threaten
To Disrupt the
Middle East
Peace Process
Clinton
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651
3 U.S.C. § 301
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
84 Fed. Reg. 127
(Jan. 16, 2019).
Exec. Order
No. 12,957, 60
Fed. Reg. 14,615
(Mar. 15, 1995),
revoked in part
and
supplemented by
Exec. Order
No. 12,959, 60
Fed. Reg. 24,757
(May 6, 1995),
revoked in part
by Exec. Order
No. 13,059, 62
Fed. Reg. 44,531
(Aug. 19,
1997).2
Prohibiting
Certain
Transactions
With Respect
to the
Development of
Iranian
Petroleum
Resources
Clinton
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
11,393 (Mar. 12,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 12,978, 60
Fed. Reg. 54,579
(Oct. 21, 1995).
Blocking Assets
and Prohibiting
Transactions
With Significant
Narcotics
Traffickers
Clinton
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
52,941 (Oct. 17,
2018).
2 President Obama took additional steps under this national emergency through Exec. Order No. 13,553, 75 Fed. Reg. 60,567
(Sept. 28, 2010), Exec. Order No. 13,574, 76 Fed. Reg. 30,505 (May 23, 2011), Exec. Order No. 13,590 76 Fed. Reg. 72,609
(Nov. 20, 2011), Exec. Order No. 13,599, 77 Fed. Reg. 6659 (Feb. 5, 2012), Exec. Order No. 13,606, 77 Fed. Reg. 24,571 (Apr.
22, 2012), Exec. Order No. 13,608, 77 Fed. Reg. 26,409 (May 1, 2012), Exec. Order No. 13,622, 77 Fed. Reg. 45,897 (July 30,
2012), Exec. Order No. 13,628, 77 Fed. Reg. 62,139 (Oct. 9, 2012), and Exec. Order No. 13,645, 78 Fed. Reg. 33,945 (June 3,
2013).
Congressional Research Service 4
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Pres. Proc. No.
6867, 61 Fed.
Reg. 8843 (Mar.
1, 1996),
expanded by
Pres. Proc.
7757, 69 Fed.
Reg. 9515 (Feb.
26, 2004),
modified by Pres.
Proc. 9398 81
Fed. Reg. 9737
(Feb. 24, 2016).
Declaration of a
National
Emergency and
Invocation of
Emergency
Authority
Relating to the
Regulation of
the Anchorage
and Movement
of Vessels
Clinton
50 U.S.C. § 191.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
50 U.S.C. § 191.
Continued
annually, most
recently by Pres.
Proc. No. 9699, 83
Fed. Reg. 8161
(Feb. 22, 2018).3
Exec. Order
No. 13,067, 62
Fed. Reg. 59,989
(Nov. 3, 1997),
expanded by
Exec. Order
No. 13,400, 71
Fed. Reg. 25,483
(Apr. 26, 2006),
and Exec.
Order No.
13,412, 71 Fed.
Reg. 61,369
(Oct. 13, 2006);
revoked in part
by Exec. Order
No. 13,761, 82
Fed. Reg. 5331
(Jan. 13, 2017).
Blocking
Sudanese
Government
Property and
Prohibiting
Transactions
With Sudan
Clinton
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
55,239 (Oct. 31,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,219, 66
Fed. Reg. 34,777
(June 26, 2001),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,304, 68
Fed. Reg. 32,315
(May 28, 2003).
Blocking
Property of
Persons Who
Threaten
International
Stabilization
Efforts in the
Western
Balkans
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
29,663 (June 22,
2018).
Pres. Proc. No.
7463, 66 Fed.
Reg. 48,199
(Sept. 14, 2001).
Declaration of
National
Emergency by
Reason of
Certain
Terrorist
Attacks
G.W. Bush
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
10 U.S.C. §§ 123, 123a,
527, 2201(c), 12006,
12302.
14 U.S.C. §§ 331, 359, 367.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
46,067 (Sept. 10,
2018).
3 This proclamation also modified Pres. Proc. No. 6867.
Congressional Research Service 5
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 13,224, 66
Fed. Reg. 49,079
(Sept. 23, 2001),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,268, 67
Fed. Reg. 44,751
(July 2, 2002),
Exec Order No.
13,284, 68 Fed.
Reg. 4075 (Jan.
23, 2003), and
Exec. Order
No. 13,372, 70
Fed. Reg. 8499
(Feb. 16, 2005).
Blocking
Property and
Prohibiting
Transactions
With Persons
Who Commit,
Threaten To
Commit, or
Support
Terrorism
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
United Nations Participation
Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §
287c.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
Trade Sanctions Reform
and Export Enhancement
Act of 2000, 22 U.S.C. §§
7201-7211.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
United Nations
Participation Act of 1945,
22 U.S.C. § 287c.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
47,799 (Sept. 19,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,288, 68
Fed. Reg. 11,457
(Mar. 6, 2003),
amended and
superseded in
part by Exec.
Order No.
13,391, 70 Fed.
Reg. 71,201
(Nov. 22, 2005),
and Exec.
Order No.
13,469, 73 Fed.
Reg. 43,841 (Jul.
25, 2008).
Blocking
Property of
Persons
Undermining
Democratic
Processes or
Institutions in
Zimbabwe
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg. 9417
(Mar. 2, 2018).
Congressional Research Service 6
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 13,303, 68
Fed. Reg. 31,931
(May 22, 2003),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,315, 68
Fed. Reg. 52,315
(Aug. 28, 2003),
Exec. Order
No. 13,350, 69
Fed. Reg. 46,055
(July 29, 2004),
Exec. Order
No. 13,364, 69
Fed. Reg. 70,177
(Nov. 29, 2004),
Exec. Order
No. 13,438, 72
Fed. Reg. 39,719
(July 17, 2007),
and Exec.
Order No.
13,668, 79 Fed.
Reg. 31,019
(May 27, 2014).
Protecting the
Development
Fund for Iraq
and Certain
Other Property
in Which Iraq
Has an Interest
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
United Nations Participation
Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §
287c.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
United Nations
Participation Act of 1945,
22 U.S.C. § 287c.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
23,573 (May 18,
2018).
Congressional Research Service 7
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 13,338, 69
Fed. Reg. 26,751
(May 11, 2004),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,399, 71
Fed. Reg. 25,059
(Apr. 25, 2006),
Exec. Order
No. 13,460, 73
Fed. Reg. 8991,
(Feb, 13, 2008),
Exec. Order
No. 13,572, 76
Fed. Reg. 24,787
(Apr. 29, 2011),
Exec. Order
No. 13,573, 76
Fed. Reg. 29,143
(May 18, 2011),
Exec. Order
No. 13,582, 76
Fed. Reg. 52,209
(Aug. 17, 2011),
Exec. Order
No. 13,606, 77
Fed. Reg. 24,571
(Apr. 22, 2012),
and Exec.
Order No.
13,608, 77 Fed.
Reg. 26,409
(May 1, 2012).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
and Prohibiting
the Export of
Certain Goods
to Syria
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Syria Accountability and
Lebanese Sovereignty
Restoration Act of 2003, 22
U.S.C. § 2151 note.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
National Emergencies Act,
50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Syria Accountability and
Lebanese Sovereignty
Restoration Act of 2003,
22 U.S.C. § 2151 note.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
21,839 (May 9,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,405, 71
Fed. Reg. 35,485
(June 16, 2006).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
Undermining
Democratic
Processes or
Institutions in
Belarus
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
27,287 (June 8,
2018).
Congressional Research Service 8
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 13,413, 71
Fed. Reg. 64,105
(Oct. 27, 2006)
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,671, 79
Fed. Reg. 39,949
(July 8, 2014).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
Contributing to
the Conflict in
the Democratic
Republic of the
Congo
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
United Nations Participation
Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §
287c.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
United Nations
Participation Act of 1945,
22 U.S.C. § 287c.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
54,227 (Oct. 25,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,441, 72
Fed. Reg. 43,499
(Aug. 1, 2007).
Blocking
Property of
Persons
Undermining
the Sovereignty
of Lebanon or
Its Democratic
Processes and
Institutions
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
37,415 (July 27,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,466, 73
Fed. Reg. 36,787
(June 26, 2008),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,551, 75
Fed. Reg. 53,837
(Aug. 30, 2010),
Exec. Order
No. 13,570, 76
Fed. Reg. 22,291
(Apr. 18, 2011),
Exec. Order
No. 13,687, 80
Fed. Reg. 819
(Jan. 2, 2015),
Exec. Order
No. 13,722, 81
Fed. Reg. 14,943
(Mar. 30, 2016),
and Exec.
Order No.
13,810, 82 Fed.
Reg. 44,705
(Sept. 20, 2017).
Continuing
Certain
Restrictions
With Respect
to North Korea
and North
Korean
Nationals
G.W. Bush
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
29,661 (June 22,
2018).
Congressional Research Service 9
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 13,536, 75
Fed. Reg. 19,869
(Apr. 12, 2010),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,620, 77
Fed. Reg. 43,481
(Jul. 20, 2012).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
Contributing to
the Conflict in
Somalia
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
United Nations Participation
Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §
287c.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
United Nations
Participation Act of 1945,
22 U.S.C. § 287c.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
14,731 (Apr. 4,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,566, 76
Fed. Reg. 11,315
(Feb. 25, 2011).
Blocking
Property and
Prohibiting
Certain
Transactions
Related to Libya
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg. 6105
(Feb. 9, 2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,581, 76
Fed. Reg. 44,757
(July 24, 2011).
Blocking
Property of
Transnational
Criminal
Organizations
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
34,931 (July 20,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,611, 77
Fed. Reg. 29,533
(May 16, 2012).
Blocking
Property of
Persons
Threatening the
Peace, Security,
or Stability of
Yemen
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
22,585 (May 14,
2018).
Congressional Research Service 10
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 13,660, 79
Fed. Reg. 13,493
(Mar. 6, 2014),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,661, 79
Fed. Reg. 15,535
(Mar. 16, 2014),
and Exec.
Order No.
13,662, 79 Fed.
Reg. 16,169
(Mar. 20, 2014).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
Contributing to
the Situation in
Ukraine
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg. 9413
(Mar. 2, 2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,664, 79
Fed. Reg. 19,283
(Apr. 3, 2014).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
With Respect
to South Sudan
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
13,373 (Mar. 27,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,667, 79
Fed. Reg. 28,387
(May 12, 2014).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
Contributing to
the Conflict in
the Central
African Republic
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
United Nations Participation
Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §
287c.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
United Nations
Participation Act of 1945,
22 U.S.C. § 287c.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
22,175 (May 10,
2018).
Congressional Research Service 11
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 13,692, 80
Fed. Reg. 12,747
(Mar. 8, 2015),
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,808, 82
Fed. Reg. 41,155
(Aug. 24, 2017).
Blocking
Property and
Suspending
Entry of Certain
Persons
Contributing to
the Situation in
Venezuela
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
Venezuela Defense of Human
Rights and Civil Society Act
of 2014, 50 U.S.C. § 1701
note.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Venezuela Defense of
Human Rights and Civil
Society Act of 2014, 50
U.S.C. § 1701 note.
Immigration and
Nationality Act of 1952, 8
U.S.C. § 1182(f).
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg. 9415
(Mar. 2, 2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,694, 80
Fed. Reg. 18,077
(Apr. 1, 2015)
amended by
Exec. Order
No. 13,757, 82
Fed. Reg. 1
(Dec. 28, 2016).
Blocking the
Property of
Certain Persons
Engaging in
Significant
Malicious
Cyber-Enabled
Activities
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
13,371 (Mar. 27,
2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,712, 80
Fed. Reg. 73,633
(Nov. 22, 2015).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
Contributing to
the Situation in
Burundi
Obama
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Continued
annually, most
recently by notice,
83 Fed. Reg.
58,461 (Nov. 16,
2018).
Congressional Research Service 12
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Exec. Order
No. 13,818, 82
Fed. Reg. 60,839
(Dec. 20, 2017).
Blocking the
Property of
Persons
Involved in
Serious Human
Rights Abuse or
Corruption
Trump
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
Global Magnitsky Human
Rights Accountability Act, 22
U.S.C. § 2656 note.
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
Immigration and
Nationality Act of 1952, 8
U.S.C. § 1182(f).
Global Magnitsky Human
Rights Accountability Act,
22 U.S.C. § 2656 note.
Continued by
notice on 83 Fed.
Reg. 65,277 (Dec.
18, 2018).
Exec. Order
No. 13,848, 83
Fed. Reg. 46,843
(Sept. 12, 2018).
Imposing
Certain
Sanctions in the
Event of Foreign
Interference in a
United States
Election
Trump
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
In effect through
Sept. 12, 2019.
Exec. Order
No. 13,851, 83
Fed. Reg. 61,505
(Nov. 27, 2018).
Blocking
Property of
Certain Persons
Contributing to
the Situation in
Nicaragua
Trump
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §
1182(f).
3 U.S.C. § 301.
International Emergency
Economic Powers Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.
In effect through
Nov. 27, 2019.
Congressional Research Service 13
Order or
Proclamation
Declaring
National
Emergency
Title President
Statutes Cited as
Authority for Initial
Order or Proclamation
Statutes Expressly
Cited1 within the Order
or Proclamation as
Authority for Actions
Prescribed Therein
Status
Pres. Proc. No.
9844 (Feb. 15,
2019).
Declaring a
National
Emergency
Concerning the
Southern
Border of the
United States
Trump National Emergencies Act, 50
U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
National Emergencies Act,
50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.
Military Construction
Codification Act, 10 U.S.C.
§ 2808.
10 U.S.C. § 12302.
In effect through
February 15, 2020.