Deane

DeaneSeachanges InspirationContrast between Pacific and the Atlantic oceansShakespeare The TempestMexicans obsession with deathInstrumentationViolinCelloPianoFlute/PiccoloPercussion Gong, cymbals, tambourine, bass drumPercussion Crotales, maracas, guiro, marimba, rainstick.

Unusual Performing TechniquesProminence to percussion instrumentsPlayers asked to play maracasAll 5 players play maracas at endString players make percussive style soundLeft hand pizzicatoSnap pizzicato where string slaps quickly back against fingerboardCol legno strings played with wood of bowSul ponticello above bridge and sul tasto bowing on fingerboardCello strummed like a guitarClusters played on pianoStrings play harmonicsHarmonics played on cymbalCymbal arco played with bowDouble stopping play two or more notes at same time.

Tonality and FormAtonalSome sections have a tonal centred on open notes of strings C, G, D, ASection 5 Eb unusual tonalityLoosely rondo form3 different musical ideas3 note cell G,A,CRhythms associated with Dance MacabreQuotation from Dies Irae

FormSectionBarCompositional MaterialTonal CentreIntroduction13 note cellGA117Inversion of main melodyG27Main melody and inversionGB46Danse Macabre (Totentanz)AtonalA274Main MelodyDC92Dies IraeAtonalA3128Main MelodyEbCoda141Danse Macabre and Dies IraeC-A

IntroductionConjuring up images of heat and desert IntroductionFeatureTonalityBars 1-16High PitchGHarmonicsRestsExtreme DynamicsTremolo CelloLH PizzicatoSparse texture

A1Play version of theme based on 3 note cellA1FeaturesTonal CentreDivided into 2 partsInversionGBased on 3 note cellHarmonics on strings8ba (octave lower)Tremolo ViolinArco CymbalCol legno battuto(back of bow)Subtraction Principal

A1Main Melody and InversionA1FeaturesTonal CentreDivided into 2 partsSubtraction PrincipalGBased on 3 note cell15ma (up double octave)LH pizzicatoViolin main melody with cello inversion

TotentanzRhythmic section where all instruments play the Totentanz rhythmTotentanz (46-73)FeaturesTonaltyTempo ChangesAtonalStrumming violin like guitarSustaining PedalSul tasto play on fingerboardSubtraction Principal

A214 bars of main melody Violin and Inversion on Cello with flute countermelodyA2FeaturesTonaltyBars 74-913/2 time for string playersAnd 6/4 for remaining instrumentsTonal Centre DSubtraction PrincipalTremolo on stringsRainstickTremolo Flute

Dies IraeBased on an inversion of Dies IraeDies IraeFeaturesTonaltyBars 92-127Canon at a bar distance between marimba and violinAtonal20 bars of canon with percussion instrumentsInversion and retrogradePizzicato LH

A313 bar duet for flute (Main Melody) and piano (inversion)Dies IraeFeaturesTonaltyBars 128-140Addition Principle on pianoEb Tonal CentreSubtraction Principle on flute3 note cell on marimbaTotentanz rhythm from b134

CodaFinal section combines Totentanz and Dies Irae ends with all performers playing maracasCodaFeaturesTonaltyBars 141-174Introduces familiar materialC-AC chord formed by stringsPiano chords derived from 3 notes cellStrumming violinGlissando StringsTremolo on piano

Compositional FeaturesInversion turn upside downSubtraction principle begin with 6 notes, then repeat leaving one out to 5 then 4, 3, 2,1Addition adding notesAugmentation to make note values longerDiminution shorten the values of notesCanon a melody imitated by one or more partsRetrograde melody played backwards

Rhythmic FeaturesUnusual time signatures 7/4, 5/4, 8/8, 10/8Changing time signaturesRhythms associated with Danse MacabreTempo Changes between 80 and 120 bpmCross rhythms b163 and b166-167Complex rhythmic patterns b76-84Rhythmic counterpoint between maracas b70-72