De an Mon Hoc-Phan Van Phuoc

7/31/2019 De an Mon Hoc-Phan Van Phuoc

1/48

I HC NNG

TRNG I HC KINH T

KHOA THNG K - TIN HC

N MN HC

ti:NGHIN CU TNG QUAN V WEB SERVICE V NG

DNG WEB SERVICE XY DNG H THNG T VTU TRC TUYN QUA MNG INTERNET

Sinh vin thc hin: Phan Vn Phc.

Dng Vit Hng.

Lp: 35K14

Ging vin hng dn: ThS. Nguyn Thnh Thy


2/48

Mc Lc

Phn 1: Nghin cu WebService .................................................................................................................4

1.1 Tng quan v WebService ..................................................................................................................4

1.1.1 Khi nim dch v web..................................................................................................................5

1.1.2 c im ca Dch v Web..........................................................................................................6

1.1.3 u v Nhc im.......................................................................................................................6

1.1.4 Kin trc ca Dch v Web............................................................................................................7

1.1.5 Cc thnh phn ca Dch v Web................................................................................................8

1.1.6 An ton cho dch v Web............................................................................................................11

1.1.7 Xy dng mt dch v Web........................................................................................................12

1.1.8 Cc Hng Tip Cn..................................................................................................................13

1.1.9 Quy trnh xy dng mt web service..........................................................................................13

1.2 Nghin Cu Mt S Vn ..............................................................................................................14

1.2.1 Web Service hot ng nh th no?........................................................................................14

1.2.2 Trin khai mt Web Service:......................................................................................................16

1.2.2.1 To mt Proxy:.....................................................................................................................17

1.2.2.2 To Consumer:.....................................................................................................................17

1.3 Cc nghi thc v cc chun:.............................................................................................................18

1.3.1 Nghi thc HTTP:.........................................................................................................................18

1.3.2 Yu cu HTTP-GET:...................................................................................................................18

1.3.3 Yu cu HTTP-POST:.................................................................................................................18

1.3.4 XML:............................................................................................................................................19

1.3.5 SOAP:..........................................................................................................................................19

1.3.6 H tr .NET i vi cc nghi thc:.............................................................................................20

Phn 2: Gii Thiu Cc Cng C Thc Hin ............................................................................................21

2.1 Gii thiu .NET v ASP.Net............................................................................................................21

2.2 Gii thiu v Visual studio 2010 .......................................................................................................21

2.3 Gii thiu v ngn ng C# ...............................................................................................................22

Phn 3 : Cch Xy Dng Webservice n Gin Trong Visual studio.NET ............................................233.1 Xy dng Web Services ...................................................................................................................23

2


3/48

3.1.1 To Web Services trong VS .Net ...............................................................................................23

3.1.2 Kim tra Web Service ................................................................................................................24

3.2. S dng Web Service .....................................................................................................................26

3.2.1 S dng Web Service do ngi dng xy dng .......................................................................273.2.2 S dng Web Services c cung cp min ph trn mng ...................................................27

3.3. Xy dng Web Services truy xut d liu .......................................................................................31

Phn 4: ng dng dch v web xy dng h thng t v tu qua mng Internet ............................. 35

4.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................................................35

4.2 Thit k C S D Liu ...................................................................................................................35

4.3 Xy Dng WebService WS_VETAU ...............................................................................................38

4.4 Xy Dng Webservice WS_GHIDULIEU ........................................................................................40

4.5 Xy Dng WebForm ng Dng .......................................................................................................42

KT LUN........................................................................................................................................44

TI LIU THAM KHO.....................................................................................................................45

PH LC..........................................................................................................................................46

3


4/48

Phn 1: Nghin cu WebService

1.1 Tng quan v WebServiceM Hnh Web Service

- Dch v Web (Web Service) c coi l mt cng ngh mang n cuc cch mng trongcch thc hot ng ca cc dch v B2B (Business to Business) v B2C (Business toCustomer). Gi tr c bn ca dch v Web da trn vic cung cp cc phng thc theochun trong vic truy nhp i vi h thng ng gi v h thng k tha . Cc phn mmc vit bi nhng ngn ng lp trnh khc nhau v chy trn nhng nn tng khc nhau c ths dng dch v Web chuyn i d liu thng qua mng Internet theo cch giao tip tngt bn trong mt my tnh. Tuy nhin, cng ngh xy dng dch v Web khng nht thit phi lcc cng ngh mi, n c th kt hp vi cc cng ngh c nh XML, SOAP, WSDL,

UDDI Vi s pht trin v ln mnh ca Internet, dch v Web tht s l mt cng ngh ngc quan tm gim chi ph v phc tp trong tch hp v pht trin h thng.-Chng ta c th hiu rng Web Services (tm dch l dch v web) l tp hp cc

phng thc ca mt i tng m cc Client c th gi thc hin t xa thng qua mta ch URL.v d

Cc nh hng, khch sn cung cp cc Web Services cho php t phng, t tic. ngst Vit Nam cung cp cc Web Services cho php t v tu. Vit Nam Airline cung cp ccWeb Services cho php t v cho cc chuyn bay. ( tp hp cc phng thc cho cc ngdng khc c th s dng)

Cng ty du lch l hnh s s dng Web Services c cung cp tin hnh t v tula, my bay v t phng cho chuyn du lch theo yu cu ca khch hng, bng vic s dngli cc dch v web c cung cp khi xy dng trang web ca mnh ( tm kim v s dng)

Ri cc c quan, cng ty, hay khch du lch c nhu cu t chc, tham gia cc chuyn dulch c th truy cp vo website ca cc cng ty dch v l hnh ng k tham gia cc "tour" doh t chc.

4


5/48

Phi hp hot ng gia cc ng dngWeb Services l mt chun mi xy dng v pht trin ng dng phn tn, c kh nng

lm vic trn mi h iu hnh, m rng kh nng phi hp gia cc ng dng, c th ti sdng, tng cng s giao tip gia Client v Server thng qua mi trng Web.

XML l nh dng d liu chun trao i gia cc Web Services

1.1.1 Khi nim dch v webTheo nh ngha ca W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), dch v Web l mt h thng

phn mm c thit k h tr kh nng tng tc gia cc ng dng trn cc my tnhkhc nhau thng qua mng Internet, giao din chung v s gn kt ca n c m t bng

XML. Dch v Web l ti nguyn phn mm c th xc nh bng a ch URL, thc hin ccchc nng v a ra cc thng tin ngi dng yu cu. Mt dch v Web c to nn bngcch ly cc chc nng v ng gi chng sao cho cc ng dng khc d dng nhn thy vc th truy cp n nhng dch v m n thc hin, ng thi c th yu cu thng tin t dch

v Web khc. N bao gm cc m un c lp cho hot ng ca khch hng v doanhnghip v bn thn n c thc thi trn server.

5


6/48

- Trc ht, c th ni rng ng dng c bn ca Dch v Web l tch hp cc h thng v lmt trong nhng hot ng chnh khi pht trin h thng. Trong h thng ny, cc ngdng cn c tch hp vi c s d liu (CSDL) v cc ng dng khc, ngi s dng sgiao tip vi CSDL tin hnh phn tch v ly d liu. Thc t trong thi gian gn y,vic pht trin mnh m ca thng mi in t v B2B cng i hi cc h thng phi ckh nng tch hp vi CSDL ca cc i tc kinh doanh (ngha l tng tc vi h thng

bn ngoi bn cnh tng tc vi cc thnh phn bn trong ca h thng trong doanhnghip).- Di y, chng ta s xem qua nhng khi nim v cch thc c bn nht xydng mt dch v Web trong tch hp v pht trin h thng.

1.1.2 c im ca Dch v Webo Dch v Web cho php client v server tng tc c vi nhau ngay c trongnhng mi trng khc nhau. V d, t Web server cho ng dng trn mt my ch

chy h iu hnh Linux trong khi ngi dng s dng my tnh chy h iu hnhWindows, ng dng vn c th chy v x l bnh thng m khng cn thm yu cu cbit tng thch gia hai h iu hnh ny.o Phn ln k thut ca Dch v Web c xy dng da trn m ngun m v c

pht trin t cc chun c cng nhn, v d nh XML.o Mt Dch v Web bao gm c nhiu m-un v c th cng b ln mng Internet.o L s kt hp ca vic pht trin theo hng tng thnh phn vi nhng lnh vc cth v c s h tng Web, a ra nhng li ch cho c doanh nghip, khch hng, nhngnh cung cp khc v c nhng c nhn thng qua mng Internet.o Mt ng dng khi c trin khai s hot ng theo m hnh client-server. N c

th c trin khai bi mt phn mm ng dng pha server v d nh PHP, OracleApplication server hay Microsoft.Neto Ngy nay dch v Web ang rt pht trin, nhng lnh vc trong cuc sng c th pdng v tch hp dch v Web l kh rng ln nh dch v chn lc v phn loi tin tc (hthng th vin c kt ni n web portal tm kim cc thng tin cn thit); ng dngcho cc dch v du lch (cung cp gi v, thng tin v a im), cc i l bn hng quamng, thng tin thng mi nh gi c, t gi hi oi, u gi qua mnghay dch vgiao dch trc tuyn (cho c B2B v B2C) nh t v my bay, thng tin thu xeo Cc ng dng c tch hp dch v Web khng cn l xa l, c bit trong iukin thng mi in t ang bng n v pht trin khng ngng cng vi s ln mnh

ca Internet. Bt k mt lnh vc no trong cuc sng cng c th tch hp vi dch vWeb, y l cch thc kinh doanh v lm vic c hiu qu bi thi i ngy nay l thi ica truyn thng v trao i thng tin qua mng. Do vy, vic pht trin v tch hp ccng dng vi dch v Web ang c quan tm pht trin l iu hon ton d hiu.

1.1.3 u v Nhc imu im:o Dch v Web cung cp kh nng hot ng rng ln vi cc ng dng phn mmkhc nhau chy trn nhng nn tng khc nhauo S dng cc giao thc v chun m. Giao thc v nh dng d liu da trn vn

bn (text), gip cc lp trnh vin d dng hiu c.

6


7/48

o Nng cao kh nng ti s dng.o Thc y u t cc h thng phn mm tn ti bng cch cho php cc tintrnh/chc nng nghip v ng gi trong giao din dch v Web.o To mi quan h tng tc ln nhau v mm do gia cc thnh phn trong h

thng, d dng cho vic pht trin cc ng dng phn tn.o Thc y h thng tch hp, gim s phc tp ca h thng, h gi thnh hot ng,pht trin h thng nhanh v tng tc hiu qu vi h thng ca cc doanh nghip khc.- Nhc im:o Nhng thit hi ln s xy ra vo khong thi gian cht ca Dch v Web, giao dinkhng thay i, c th li nu mt my khch khng c nng cp, thiu cc giao thccho vic vn hnh.o C qu nhiu chun cho dch v Web khin ngi dng kh nm bt.o Phi quan tm nhiu hn n vn an ton v bo mt.

1.1.4 Kin trc ca Dch v WebDch v Web gm c 3 chun chnh: SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), WSDL

(Web Service Description Language) v UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, andIntegration).Hnh 1 m t chng giao thc ca dch v Web, trong UDDI c s dng ng k vkhm ph dch v Web c miu t c th trong WSDL. Giao tc UDDI s dng SOAP ni chuyn vi UDDI server, sau cc ng dng SOAP yu cu mt dch v Web. Cc thngip SOAP c gi i chnh xc bi HTTP v TCP/IP.

Hnh 1. Chng giao thc ca dch v Web- Chng giao thc dch v Web l tp hp cc giao thc mng my tnh c s dng nh ngha, xc nh v tr, thi hnh v to nn dch v Web tng tc vi nhng ngdng hay dch v khc. Chng giao thc ny c 4 thnh phn chnh:

+Dch v vn chuyn (Service Transport): c nhim v truyn thng ip gia cc ng dngmng, bao gm nhng giao thc nh HTTP, SMTP, FTP, JSM v gn y nht l giao thc thayi khi m rng (Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol- BEEP)

+Thng ip XML: c nhim v gii m cc thng ip theo nh dng XML c th hiuc mc ng dng tng tc vi ngi dng. Hin ti, nhng giao thc thc hin nhim vny l XML-RPC, SOAP v REST.

7


8/48

+M t dch v: c s dng miu t cc giao din chung cho mt dch v Web c th.WSDL thng c s dng cho mc ch ny, n l mt ngn ng m t giao tip v thc thida trn XML. Dch v Web s s dng ngn ng ny truyn tham s v cc loi d liu chocc thao tc v chc nng m dch v Web cung cp.

+Khm ph dch v: tp trung dch v vo trong mt ni c ng k, t gip mt dchv Web c th d dng khm ph ra nhng dch v no c trn mng, tt hn trong vic tmkim nhng dch v khc tng tc. Mt dch v Web cng phi tin hnh ng k ccdch v khc c th truy cp v giao tip. Hin ti, UDDI API thng c s dng thchin cng vic ny.

Kin trc su hn c m t trong Hnh 2:

- Trong , tng giao thc tng tc dch v (Service Communication Protocol) vicng ngh chun l SOAP. SOAP l giao thc nm gia tng vn chuyn v tng m tthng tin v dch v, cho php ngi dng triu gi mt dch v t xa thng qua mt thngip XML. Ngoi ra, cc dch v c tnh an ton, ton vn v bo mt thng tin, trongkin trc dch v Web, chng ta c thm cc tng Policy, Security, Transaction,Management.

1.1.5 Cc thnh phn ca Dch v Web- XML eXtensible Markup Language

o L mt chun m do W3C a ra cho cch thc m t d liu, n c s dng nh ngha cc thnh phn d liu trn trang web v cho nhng ti liu B2B. V hnh thc,XML hon ton c cu trc th ging nh ngn ng HTML nhng HTML nh nghathnh phn c hin th nh th no th XML li nh ngha nhng thnh phn chaci g. Vi XML, cc th c th c lp trnh vin t to ra trn mi trang web v cchn l nh dng thng ip chun bi tnh ph bin v hiu qu m ngun m.

o Do dch v Web l s kt hp ca nhiu thnh phn khc nhau nn n s dng cctnh nng v c trng ca cc thnh phn giao tip. XML l cng c chnh giiquyt vn ny v l kin trc nn tng cho vic xy dng mt dch v Web, tt c d

liu s c chuyn sang nh dng th XML. Khi , cc thng tin m ha s hon ton

8


9/48

ph hp vi cc thng tin theo chun ca SOAP hoc XML-RPC v c th tng tc vinhau trong mt th thng nht.

- WSDL Web Service Description Language

WSDL nh ngha cch m t dch v Web theo c php tng qut ca XML, bao gm cc thngtin:

o Tn dch vo Giao thc v kiu m ha s c s dng khi gi cc hm ca dch v Webo Loi thng tin: thao tc, tham s, nhng kiu d liu (c th l giao din ca dch vWeb cng vi tn cho giao din ny).o Mt WSDL hp l gm hai phn: phn giao din (m t giao din v phng thckt ni) v phn thi hnh m t kt qu thng tin truy xut CSDL. C hai phn ny s clu trong 2 tp tin XML tng ng l tp tin giao din dch v v tp tin thi hnh dch v.Giao din ca mt dch v Web c miu t trong phn ny a ra cch thc lm th no giao tip qua dch v Web. Tn, giao thc lin kt v nh dng thng ip yu cu tng tc vi dch v Web c a vo th mc ca WSDL.o WSDL thng c s dng kt hp vi XML schema v SOAP cung cp dchv Web qua Internet. Mt client khi kt ni ti dch v Web c th c WSDL xc nhnhng chc nng sn c trn server. Sau , client c th s dng SOAP ly ra chcnng chnh xc c trong WSDL.o Nh Vy: s dng mt Web Service, Client cn phi bit Web Service h trnhng phng thc no, phng thc cn c nhng tham s no, kt qu tr v ra sao.

Nhng thng tin ny ca mt Web Service c m t bi ti liu WSDLo Chng ta c th xem WSDL ca mt Web Service bng cch thm vo chui thams wsdl vo sau chui URL

V d: http://localhost /Chuong09WebService/WS_PHEP_TOAN.asmx?wsdl

- UDDI - Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration

o Dng cho vic m t, cng b v tm kim Web Service

o c th s dng cc dch v web, trc tin client phi tm dch v, ghi nhnthng tin v cch s dng v bit c i tng no cung cp dch v. UDDI nh nghamt s thnh phn cho bit cc thng tin ny, cho php cc client truy tm v nhn nhngthng tin c yu cu khi s dng dch v Web.

o Cu trc UDDI :+ Trang trng White pages: cha thng tin lin h v cc nh dng chnh yu ca

dch v Web, chng hn tn giao dch, a ch, thng tin nhn dng Nhng thng tin ny

cho php cc i tng khc xc nh c dch v.

9


10/48

+ Trang vng Yellow pages: cha thng tin m t dch v Web theo nhng loi khcnhau. Nhng thng tin ny cho php cc i tng thy c dch v Web theo tng loivi n.

+ Trang xanh Green pages: cha thng tin k thut m t cc hnh vi v cc chcnng ca dch v Web.

+Loi dch v tModel: cha cc thng tin v loi dch v c s dng.o Nhng thng tin v dch v Web c s dng v cng b ln mng s dng giaothc ny. N s kch hot cc ng dng tm kim thng tin ca dch v Web khc nhmxc nh xem dch v no s cn n n.- SOAP Simple Object Access Protocolo Chng ta hiu c bn dch v Web nh th no nhng vn cn mt vn khquan trng. l lm th no truy xut dch v khi tm thy? Cu tr li l cc dchv Web c th truy xut bng mt giao thc l Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP.

Ni cch khc chng ta c th truy xut n UDDI registry bng cc lnh gi hon ton

theo nh dng ca SOAP.o SOAP l mt giao thc giao tip c cu trc nh XML. N c xem l cu trcxng sng ca cc ng dng phn tn c xy dng t nhiu ngn ng v cc h iuhnh khc nhau. SOAP l giao thc thay i cc thng ip da trn XML qua mng mytnh, thng thng s dng giao thc HTTP.

o Mt client s gi thng ip yu cu ti server v ngay lp tc server s gi nhngthng ip tr li ti client. C SMTP v HTTP u l nhng giao thc lp ng dng caSOAP nhng HTTP c s dng v chp nhn rng ri hn bi ngy nay n c th lmvic rt tt vi c s h tng Internet.

o Cu trc mt thng ip theo dng SOAP

o Thng ip theo nh dng SOAP l mt vn bn XML bnh thng bao gm ccphn t sau: Phn t gc envelop: phn t bao trm ni dung thng ip, khai bo vn bnXML nh l mt thng ip SOAP. Phn t u trang header: cha cc thng tin tiu cho trang, phn t ny khng

bt buc khai bo trong vn bn. Header cn c th mang nhng d liu chng thc, nhngch k s, thng tin m ha hay ci t cho cc giao dch khc. Phn t khai bo ni dung chnh trong thng ip body, cha cc thng tin yucu v thng tin c phn hi. Phn t a ra cc thng tin v li -fault, cung cp thng tin li xy ra trong qatrnh x l thng ip.o Mt SOAP n gin trong body s lu cc thng tin v tn thng ip, tham chiuti mt th hin ca dch v, mt hoc nhiu tham s. C 3 kiu thng bo s c a rakhi truyn thng tin: request message(tham s gi thc thi mt thng ip), respond

10


11/48

message (cc tham s tr v, c s dng khi yu cu c p ng) v cui cng l faultmessage (thng bo tnh trng li).o Kiu truyn thng: C 2 kiu truyn thng Remote procedure call (RPC): cho php gi hm hoc th tc qua mng. Kiu ny

c khai thc bi nhiu dch v Web. Document: c bit n nh kiu hng thng ip, n cung cp giao tip mctru tng thp, kh hiu v yu cu lp trnh vin mt cng sc hn.o Hai kiu truyn thng ny cung cp cc nh dng thng ip, tham s, li gi ncc API khc nhau nn vic s dng chng ty thuc vo thi gian v s ph hp vi dchv Web cn xy dng.o Cu trc d liu: Cung cp nhng nh dng v khi nim c bn ging nh trongcc ngn ng lp trnh khc nh kiu d liu (int, string, date) hay nhng kiu phc tphn nh struct, array, vector nh ngha cu trc d liu SOAP c t trongnamespace SOAP-ENC.

o M ha: Gi s service rquester v service provider c pht trin trong Java, khi m ha SOAP l lm th no chuyn i t cu trc d liu Java sang SOAP XML vngc li, bi v nh dng cho Web Service chnh l XML. Bt k mt mi trng thcthi SOAP no cng phi c mt bng cha thng tin nh x nhm chuyn i t ngn ngJava sang XML v t XML sang Java bng c gi l SOAPMappingRegistry. Numt kiu d liu c s dng di mt dng m ha th s c mt nh x tn ti trong bng k ca mi trng thc thi SOAP .

1.1.6 An ton cho dch v Webo Dch v Web lin kt v tng tc vi cc ng dng qua Internet, chnh v vy bo

mt l mt vn c quan tm khi cc cng ty tin ti kt hp ng dng vi mt dchv Web. Vic m bo an ton cho dch v Web l mt vn quan trng, c bit i vinhng dch v lin quan n trao i tin t, thng tin t th trng chng khon hay dchv bn hng qua mng (lin quan n tr tin bng ti khon v c yu cu thng tin cnhn ca ngi dng).o Trc khi c WS-Security (bo mt cho dch v Web) th ngha thng thng caan ton dch v Web l bo mt knh truyn d liu. Hin nay, n c thc hin chonhng SOAP/HTTP da trn c ch truyn thng ip bng cch s dng giao thcHTTPS. Khng ch l an ton mc truyn thng ip, HTTPS cn cung cp s an tonti ton b gi d liu HTTP.o Mc d HTTPS khng bao gm tt c cc kha cnh trong chun an ton chung chodch v Web nhng n cung cp mt lp bo mt kh y vi nh danh, chngthc, tnh ton vn thng ip hay tin cy.o m bo an ton cho dch v Web:

Khi nim v WS-Security: y l mt chun an ton bao trm cho SOAP, n cdng khi mun xy dng nhng dch v Web ton vn v tin cy. Ton vn c ngha l khic mt giao dch hay khi truyn thng tin, h thng v thng tin s khng b chn, giaodch s khng b mt cng nh khng th c ngi ly cp c d liu trn ng truyn.WS-security c thit k mang tnh m nhm hng ti nhng m hnh an ton khc baogm PKI, Kerberos v SSL. N cng a ra nhiu h tr cho cc c ch an ton khc,nhiu khun dng ch k v cng ngh m ha, m bo s an ton, ton vn thng ip

11


12/48

v tnh tin cy ca thng ip. Tuy nhin, WS-security cng cha th m bo c tt cyu cu v bo mt v an ton thng tin, n ch l mt trong nhng lp ca gii php anton cho dch v Web.

Tnh ton vn: to ra mt ch k s ha XML da trn ni dung ca thng ip.Nu d liu b thay i bt hp php, n s khng cn thch hp vi ch k s ha XML. Ch k ny c to ra da trn kha m ngi gi thng ip to ra, do nginhn ch nhn thng ip khi c ch k s dng v ni dung ph hp. Ngc li s cmt thng bo li. Vic chng thc c thc hin gia client v server l cch chngthc rt c bn (s dng nh danh ngi dng v mt khu).

o WS-security ch l mt trong nhng lp an ton v bo mt cho dch v Web, v vycn mt m hnh an ton chung ln hn c th bao qut c cc kha cnh khc. Ccthnh phn c thm c th l WS-Secure Conversation Describes,WS-AuthenticationDescribes,WS-Policy Describes hay WS-Trust Describes. Chng s thc hin vic m boan ton hn cho h thng khi trao i d liu, m v ng cc phin lm vic cng nh

qun l d liu cn chng thc v chnh sch chng thc.1.1.7 Xy dng mt dch v Web

C 4 giai on chnh xy dng mt dch v Web l xy dng, trin khai, tin hnh v qun l,trong :

o Giai on xy dng bao gm pht trin v chy th( kim tra) ng dng dch vWeb, xy dng cc chc nng v nh ngha dch v. C hai cch khc nhau tin hnhtrong giai on ny, l Red-path- solod v Blue-path-dashed. Vi Red- path-solod,chng ta s xy dng mt dch v Web mi t trng thi ban u hoc vi mt dch v c sn. T , xy dng nh ngha service (WSDL) vi cc i tng, hm chc nng m

chng ta mong mun. Nu theo cch Blue-path-dashed, dch v Web s c xy dng tu hoc t mt nh ngha dch v WSDL. S dng WSDL ny, xy dng hoc sa ili m thc hin cc yu cu mong mun trong dch v Web.o Giai on trin khai : cng b nh ngha dch v, xy dng WSDL v trin khai mthc thi ca dch v Web. Trin khai dch v Web ti mt ng dng pha server, sau scng b dch v Web trn mng Internet cc client c th nhn thy. S dng UDDIregistry cng b ln mng.o Giai on tin hnh : tm kim v gi thc thi dch v Web bi nhng ngi dngmun s dng dch v.o Qun l : Qun l v qun tr dch v, duy tr s n nh ca dch v, cp nht thng

tin mi, sa li khi n xy ra to mt webservice, cn xy dng v thit lp cc thnh phn trong kin trc webservice(SOAP, WSDL, UDDI, XML) trong :

- SOAP l giao thc nm gia tng vn chuyn v tng m t thng tin vdch v.- Webservice s dng ngn ng WSDL truyn cc tham s v cc loi d liucho cc thao tc, cc chc nng m webservice cung cp.- UDDI cho php trnh khch ng k dch v ngi dng c th gi thc thi cchm, cc chc nng ca webservice.

12


13/48

1.1.8 Cc Hng Tip Cn xy dng mt dch v Web, chng ta cn hiu c nhng vic phi lm v nn bt u

t u. C 3 cch tip cn ch yu xy dng nn mt dch v Web, c th t mt ng dng c (bottom-up); t mt nh ngha dch v, WSDL pht sinh mt ng dng mi (top-

down) hoc c th t mt nhm cc dch v Web hin c, kt hp li vi nhau to nn ccchc nng mi hoc m rng thm chc nng. Nhng hng tip cn ny da trn nhng g mchng ta c, ty thuc vo yu cu ca h thng, trong ti a vic s dng li cc chcnng, cc thnh phn, mun c xy dng.

1.1.9 Quy trnh xy dng mt web serviceQui trnh xy dng mt dch v Web bao gm cc bc sau:

1. nh ngha v xy dng cc chc nng, cc dch v m dch v s cung cp (sdng ngn ng c th no thc hin C#, Java).2. To WSDL cho dch v

3. Xy dng SOAP server 4. . ng k WSDL vi UDDI registry cho php cc client c th tm thy v truyxut.( cng b ln mng)5. Client nhn file WSDL v t xy dng SOAP client c th kt ni vi SOAPserver6. Xy dng ng dng pha client (chng hn s dng VS to mt webform) v sau gi thc hin dch v thng qua vic kt ni ti SOAP server.o La chn mt ngn ng, xy dng cc tin trnh nghip v v chng ta bt u tonn mt dch v Web nh mun. Sau l cung cp dch v Web ny trn Internet.- Tch hp dch v Web theo chuno c th thnh cng vi dch v Web chng ta phi quan tm n kh nhiu vn, bao gm vic trin khai, gim st v tch hp h thng. Doanh nghip khng nhng

phi pht trin mt ng dng dch v Web mi m cn phi tch hp cc ng dng nghipv ph tr ca h trong kin trc Dch v Web. Cng vi vic trin khai v tch hp,nhng nh kinh doanh v nhng ngi s dng k thut cng cn c kh nng gim st,trin khai ton din m bo hot ng kinh doanh hiu qu v tin cy.o Gim st (monitoring): Cn h tr c mc cng c v c s h tng gim stcc dch v Web chy nh th no qua ton b mng, t mt chi nhnh con ca mt cngty trn mng ti cc chi nhnh khc trong cng ty hay giao tip vi doanh nghip khc. Kthp thng bo theo s kin vi cc li trong lung nghip v cho nhng ngi dng khng

c kinh nghim gim st dch v Web v cc dch v k tha khc.o Xc nh ng i d liu (Data routing): Vic thit lp ng i ca d liu gianhng thnh phn ca dch v Web hng ti ti a ha kh nng s dng li. Nu coi mtthnh phn (component) l mt i tng th mi th hin (instance) ca n s khng quantm n cc th hin khc ca cng thnh phn . Nhng th hin ca cng mt thnh

phn c th d dng c s dng li trong cc ng dng phn tn khc bi v chng honton c lp v khng ph thuc ln nhau.o Trin khai (Deployment): Trin khai cc dch v Web c kh nng nng cp, iukhin v cu hnh cc thnh phn t xa thng qua mng phn tn.o Qun l (Management): C th xy dng theo kin trc P2P (Peer-to-Peer). Cchot ng chnh nh thc thi cc thnh phn, nh tuyn d liu, x l lung cng vic v

13


14/48

chuyn i d liu c thc hin ti cc im cui ca mng. Server s tp trung giiquyt cc hot ng khc nh qun l, iu khin s kin, chng thc bo mt v qun tr.o Cu hnh v qun l phin bn (Configuration and version management): S dngcc cng c linh hot qun l cc phin bn khc nhau ca dch v Web, cho php cc

phin bn c nng cp v iu khin t mt cng c qun l tp trung. Kt hp gia ngdng v mng gip cc k s trin khai c th iu khin cc thnh phn chy trn nntng h thng phn cng c th bn trong mng.o Bo mt (Security): cc chun m nh HTTP, XML, SOAP, WSDL v chun bomt JSM c s dng rng ri khin chng tr thnh l tng xy dng cc ng dngweb. u tin, dch v Web s dng nhng cng ngh ny ging nh firewall, SSL v ccchng nhn s. Dch v Web th h sau ny s kt hp vi nhng cng ngh c kh nng

bo mt cao hn, ging nh m ha XML v chng nhn s XML.- Nh vy, vi mt dch v Web, vic giao tip v truyn nhn d liu tr nn ddng v hiu qu hn, ng thi em li chi ph thp hn v tng cng nhng kh nng

giao tip thi gian thc, kt ni vi mi ngi trn khp th gii. Bn cht ca nn tngcng ngh ny l kin trc hng dch v v s pht trin ca dch v Web c tng lai rtkh quan.

1.2 Nghin Cu Mt S Vn

1.2.1 Web Service hot ng nh th no?

Web service cho php mt i tng nm trn service c th trng ra phn lgic chngtrnh cho cc khch hng trn Internet. Cc khch hng s triu gi nhng hm hnh s ctrng ra trn web service nh s dng nhng nghi thc chun ca Internet. Ni mt cch ngngn, web service chng qua ch l mt triu gi hm hnh s trn Internet.

Kin trc web service c nhiu c tnh c nh ngha nh sau:

C hai web service server v ng dng client c kt ni trn Internet v c kh nnglin lc vi cc thit b khc c kt ni vi Internet.

Dng thc d liu m hai u ni lin lc vi nhau tun th cng mt chun m.Chun ny thng l nghi thc SOAP, cc thng i p SOAP thng gm nhng ti liuXML dng vn bn v t m t. Ta cng c kh nng lin lc thng qua cc yu cuHTTP-GET hoc HTTP-POST.

Cc h thng hai u kt ni s c gn kt mt cch lng lo. Ni cch khc, web

service bt cn bit h iu hnh, m hnh i tng hoc ngn ng l p trnh c dng

14


15/48

n hai u kt ni l g, min l web service v ng dng tiu th c kh nng gi i vnhn v nhng thng i p tun thu nghi thc chun thch ng.

Ngoi vic to web service cng nh tiu th web service, c nhng kha cnh khc ta phi quantm, bao gm:

Protocol (nghi thc).

Web service phi lin lc vi client, v ngc li, theo mt th thc no m c hai phau s hiu nhau.

Directories (th mc).

Cc web service s c pht trin bi hng ngn hoc hnh trm ngn cng ty khc nhautrn th gii. Directory s c to ra lit k cc dch v ny v hin din sn dnh cho l ptrnh vin trin khai. Tuy nhin, mun cho nhng th mc ny hu ch phi c nhng qui clin quan n khm ph (discovery) v m t.

Discovery (khm ph, pht hin).

Cc khch hng tim nng s cn thit tm u (pht hin) nhng ti liu m t webservice. Nh vy, web service thng s cung cp nhng ti liu khm ph-cc t p tin XMLcha nhng thng tin cho php nhng khch hng tim nng tm ra nhng t p tin khc m tweb service.

Description (m t).

Mt khi web service c nhn din, thng qua khm ph hoc nhng phng tin no, n phi lm sn mt ti liu m t nhng nghi thc h tr v giao din l p trnh cho vic s

dng n. WSDL (Web Service Description Language) s c dng m t web service v ttc cc hm hnh s c trng ra km theo nhng thng s ca cc hm. Ni ngn gn, vic mt cho bit nhng hm hnh s no web service s trng ra, nhng thng s no hm cn n, vloi d liu no hm s tr v.

Security (an ton).

Phn ln cc server c kt ni vi Internet vi s quan tm v mt an ton. Web servicephi sng chung vi nhng hn buc v an ton. Thng xuyn, bn phi hn ch vic truy c p

i vi mt s loi khch hng.

15


16/48

State (trng thi, tnh trng).

Ging nh vi trang web, web service s dng HTTP, l mt nghi thc v tnh trng

(stateless). Ging nh vi trang web, .NET Framework cung cp nhng cng c cho php duy trtnh trng, nu ng dng yu cu iu ny.

1.2.2 Trin khai mt Web Service:

Tin trnh trin khai mt web service hu nh tng t vic trin khai mt trang web:

Tt c cc t p tin m ngun bao gm trang web v web service u l nhng t p tin vnbn trn, c th c to v hiu nh bi bt c text editor no , ri sau c bindch bi mt cng c command-line t mt du nhc lnh (command prompt).

C hai trang web v web service c th c to ra bi Vsual Studio .NET>

C hai trang web v web service c th s dng code-behind. Code-behind thng cxem nh l mt cch tch ri phn ni dung visual khi phn ni dung l p trnh trn cctrang web. Nh th, vic s dng code-behind trn web service t bt buc hn v webservice khng c phn giao din. Tuy nhin, Visual Studio .NETsdcb i vi mi d nweb, visual hoc khng nn c th s dng c c bit web service. Tht th, khi sdng Visual Studio .NET to web service, code-behind s c dng nh l mc nhin.

C hai trang web v web service s tn dng kh nng ca CLR v .NET Framework.

Tuy nhin, khi trang web c nhn din bi phn ui .aspx th web service s c nhn dinbi t p tin .asmx.

Web service cng tng t nh mt trang web nhng khng c phn giao din theo ycc hm hnh s thuc lp web service s c trng ra cho th gii bn ngoi bit v c gil web method. Web service cho php triu gi hm hnh s trn Internet.

16


17/48

Mt khi trang .asmx hon tt, lp web service phi c bin dch thnh mt .dll, theo dngthc m cc request c th vi ti. Bn c th bin dch nh command prompt hoc VisualStudio .NET. c hai cch bin dch u c nhng u im v nhc im.

1.2.2.1 To mt Proxy:

Trc khi mt ng dng client c th dng mt web service, ta phi to mt proxy (idin y thc). Mt proxy l mt thay th on m hin thi m bn mun triu gi. Proxy chutrch nhim vic marshaling hoc qun l cuc triu gi xuyn bin gii my tnh. Ccrequest i vi web service trn server phi tun th nghi thc v dng thc thch ng, thng lSOAP v/hoc HTTP. Bn cng c th vit tt c on m serialize v chuyn d liu thchng cho bn thn web service, nhng vic ny i hi nhiu cng sc. Proxy s lm thay bn

mi vic ny.

Proxy s c ng k cng vi ng dng client. Sau ng dng client cho triu gi hmhnh s tng nh l triu gi mt i tng cc b. Proxy s lm mi vic triu gi hm ca

bn, cho gi ghm chng theo mt dng thc thch ng ri gi chng cho server nh l mtSOAP request. Khi server tr v SOAP packge cho khch hng, th proxy s lo gii m mi vicv trnh dng phc p cho ng dng client lm nh l n tr v t nhng triu gi cc b.

Mun cho chy vic, l p trnh vin phi to mt proxy, cho ng k proxy vi ng dngclient khi trin khai. Vic ng k ny bao gm mt danh sch cc hm hnh s km theo du n(signature). Ch s hu web service c th thm b sung nhng hm hnh s mi hoc nht tunhng hm hnh s hin hu (nhng khng thay i du n) v proxy hin hnh s khng b v.

1.2.2.2 To Consumer:

ng dng tiu th mt web service c th l mt ng dng bn, mt trang web, hocmt web service khc. Tt c i hi l ng dng tiu th phi c kh nng gi i v nhn vnhng b d liu (package) dng thc SOAP hoc HTTP. Nu bn trin khai ng dng clientnh Visual Studio .NET, bn ch cn ng k proxy .dll vi ng dng. Nu bn s dngcommand prompt, bn ch cn a qui chiu v proxy .dll khi bin dch ng dng. Nu ng dngtiu th l mt trang web hoc mt web service khc, th lc ny s tm ra ni c tr ca proxytrn server cha chp trang web tiu th l mt ng dng bn (desktop) th lc ny proxys nm trn my bn. Trong bt c trng hp no, mt proxy c to v ng k ving dng tiu th, th ng dng ny ch lm mi mt vic l thc hin nng triu gi hm hnhs hoc hm i vi i tng proxy, xem nh l i tng cc b.

17


18/48

1.3 Cc nghi thc v cc chun:

Mt nghi thc l t p hp nhng quy tc m t vic chuyn cng nh tip nhn d liu gia haihoc nhiu thit b my tnh.

1.3.1 Nghi thc HTTP:

Nm tng lp trn cao TCP/IP l HTTP (HyperText Transfert Protocol) c dng cho cc server v browser trn Web c kh nng lin lc c vi nhau. N ch yu c dng thit l p nhng kt ni gia server v browser v chuyn HTML cho client browser.

Khch hng gi i mt HTTP request cho server, ri yu cu ny c x l, v cui cngserver in hnh gi tr v nhng trang HTML m browser ca khch hng sau s cho v lnmn hnh ca mnh. Trong trng hp web service, th server s tr v nhng thng i p SOAPcha d liu c tr v ca vic triu gi hm hnh s web service. HTTP request s trao c pname/value t browser pht i yu cu cho mt server. Yu cu c th hoc l mt trong haikiu: HTTP-GET hoc HTTP-POST.

1.3.2 Yu cu HTTP-GET:Trn nhng GET request, nhng c p name/value s c ghi ni ui trc tip ln URL.

D liu khng c m ha (bo m l nhng k t ASCII hp l s c chuyn i) c ghini ui sau vo URL, phn cch bi mt du hi (?). Du hi cho bit l mt HTTP-GETrequest, tn ca bin c trao qua cho hm hnh s GetName l StockSymbol mang tr msft.GET request ch thch hp khi tt c cc d liu c trao qua gm ton nhng c p name/value,c t vng mc tin phi trao qua v chiu di cc vng mc tin ny tng i ngn. GET requestcng thch hp khi vn an ton khng phi l mt vn . .NET Framework cung cp mt lpHttpGetClientProtocol dng nghi thc HTTP-GET trn cc ng dng client.

1.3.3 Yu cu HTTP-POST:Trn cc POST request, cc c p name/value cng khng c m ha, nhng thay v ghi

ni ui sau URL, chng s c gi i nh thnh phn ca thng i p yu cu. POST requests rt thch hp i vi mt s vng mc tin kh nhiu hoc nhng thng s di dng cn ctrao qua. Ngoi ra, nu vn an ton l quan trng, th mt POST request s an ton hn l mtGET request, v HTTP request c th c mt m ha (encrypted)

Ging nh GET request, vi POST request ch nhng c p name/value mi c th c traoqua,nh vy s loi tr nhng kiu d liu phc tp. .NET Framework cung cp mt lpHttpPostClientProtocol c dng trong nghi thc HTTP-POST trong cc ng dng client ca

bn.

18


19/48

1.3.4 XML:

XML (eXtensible Markup Language) l mt chun m do World Wide Web Consortium(W3C) xng nh l mt phng tin m t d liu.

XML cng tng t nh HTML. Tht th, c hai XML v HTML u c dn xut tSGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language). Ging nh cc ti liu HTML, ti liu XMLl nhng ti liu dng vn bn trn (plain text) cha nhng tag. Tuy nhin, trong khi HTML nhngha nhng tag c nh sn trc khai bo cho bit cc ti liu HTML s c hin th thno trn mt browser, th XML cho php nhng tag c nh ngha bi l p trnh vin trin khaiti liu, nh vy hu nh bt c d liu no cng c chuyn ti.

Cc ti liu XML l nhng t p tin vn bn ngi ta c th c c . Tuy nhin, chngin hnh khng dnh cho ngi c ngoi tr khi bn l l p trnh vin hoc g ri vin. V tag

s c dng dnh ngha mi vng mc tin trong mt ti liu XML, cc t p tin thng s lnhn l vi cng d liu trn mt t p tin cn c d liu. Tuy nhin, y t khi tr thnh mt vn, v khc bit v thi gian chuyn ti trn Internet thng l khng nhm nh g khi so snhtc my tnh ngy hm nay. Mt schema XML l mt t p tin dng nh ngha cc tag.Trong schema,c hai tn tag v ni dung d liu s c nh ngha. Mt khc bit kh quantrng gia HTML v XML l trong khi phn ln cc b c HTML (ngha l web browser) lkh d di i vi nhng sai lm l p trnh, th XML reader kh kht khe i hi XML phi well-formed.

1.3.5 SOAP:

SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) l mt vn phm XML c ct xn va vi victrao i d liu web service. Trn mt .NET web service, thng bn gi i nhng thng i pSOAP trn HTTP. SOAP l mt nghi thc n gin, nh cn (ngha l khng tn hao nhiu kc) dng trao i thng tin trn Internet. Ging nh XML, chun SOAP cng c khixng bi W3C.

SOAP s dng c php XML nh dng ni dung ca n. Theo thit k, n cng ngin cng tt v cung cp chc nng ti thiu. Do , n rt modular v uyn chuyn. V ccthng i p SOAP gm ton XML, ngha l vn bn trn, chng c th vt qua d dng bctng la khc vi nhiu dng thc nh phn mang tnh proprietary. Hin thi, phin bn SOAP

cht nht l 1.2.SOAP khng gii hn vo cc c p name/value nh l vi HTTP-GET v HTTP-POST.

Thay vo , SOAP cng c th c dng gi i nhng i tng phc tp hn bao gmdataset, lp v cc i tng khc.

Mt s bt li khi s dng SOAP gi i i v v nhng request cho web service l ccthng i p SOAP c th tr thnh li nhi (verbose) v bn cht ca XML. Do , nu bngthng (bandwidth) hoc hiu nng truyn tin l mt vn th c th bn nn s dng HTTP-GET hoc HTTP-POST. .NET Framework cung cp mt lp SoapHttpClientProtocol dngvo nghi thc SOAP trong cc ng dng client.

19


20/48

1.3.6 H tr .NET i vi cc nghi thc:.NET Framework cung cp mt s lp cho php tng tc vi nghi thc HTTP.

20


21/48

Phn 2: Gii Thiu Cc Cng C Thc Hin

2.1 Gii thiu .NET v ASP.Net

Phn quan trng ca VS .NET l cc cng ngh mi vi trung tm l .NET Framework -tp cc tnh nng Windows c xy dng trn nn tng mi trng thc thi ngn ng chung(CLR Common Language Runtime), trn l cc lp th vin dng xy dng ng dngWindows, ng dng web v dch v web XML. Tt c ngn ng .NET u c dch sang dngngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft (MSIL Microsoft Intermediate Language) trc ri mic dch sang dng m thc thi bi mt trnh dch JIT (Just in Time) trn nn .NET.CLR v MSIL cho php tt c cc ngn ng .NET lm vic vi nhau. V d bn c th dng mtlp C# k tha t mt i tng COM C++/ATL, lp ny li c th bt li t mt chng trnhVbasic. Nh c s h tr t cp h thng cho php tch hp a ngn ng, bn c th chy tng

bc by li qua c 3 ngn ng trong cng mt mi trng pht trin ng dng VS.NET.

Trnh dch JIT cung cp thm kh nng bo mt, tnh an ton lc thc thi v kh nng chytrn nhiu nn tng (Microsoft cho bit s dng mt tp con chun ho ca .NET Framework -c gi l nn tng ngn ng chung - xy dng mt th hin trn FreeBSD). Nu trnh JITcho m ngn ng trung gian lm bn lin tng n Java th cng ng hoang mang, Microsoft lng lng dng ngn ng trung gian trong Vbasic v hu ht cc phn mm ng dng camnh (k c Office)t nhiu nm qua.

ASP.NET l mt nn tng ng dng web (web application framework) c pht trin vcung cp bi Microsoft, cho php nhng ngi lp trnh to ra nhng trang web ng,nhng ng dng web v nhngdch v web. Ln u tin c a ra th trng vo thng 2nm 2002 cng vi phin bn 1.0 ca .NET framework, l cng ngh ni tip ca Microsoft'sActive Server Pages(ASP). ASP.NET c bin dch di dngCommon LanguageRuntime (CLR), cho php nhng ngi lp trnh vit m ASP.NET vi bt k ngn ng noc h tr bi .NET language

2.2 Gii thiu v Visual studio 2010

Phin bn Visual Studio 2010 h tr cc ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng mi nh: C#,VB.Net, J#, C++.Net. Visual studio 2010 l b cng c pht trin phn mm tch hp mnh m

vi nhng tnh nng:

21
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%A8ng_d%E1%BB%A5ng_webhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BB%8Bch_v%E1%BB%A5_webhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BB%8Bch_v%E1%BB%A5_webhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Common_Language_Runtime&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Common_Language_Runtime&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%A8ng_d%E1%BB%A5ng_webhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BB%8Bch_v%E1%BB%A5_webhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Common_Language_Runtime&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Common_Language_Runtime&action=edit&redlink=1


22/48

- Thit k giao din, h tr vit m (coding): VS 2010 c kh nng s dng li cc on mmu. Khng nhng th, VS 2010 cho php to ng dng vi giao din ging ging giao din caOutlook.- Xy dng ng dng Web nhanh hn: VS 2010 a vo cng c pht trin Web mi lVisual Web Developer. Cng c ny cho php to ra cc ng dng Web c vit bngASP.NET 4.0. Vi Visual Web Developer, c khong 50 iu khin Web mi c tch hpgip pht trin ng dng Web nhanh v n gin hn.- H tr pht trin ng dng cho thit b di ng: Microsoft xy dng mi trng pht trinng dng.Net Compact Framework va nh gn nh J2 ME m li n gin, d s dngnh.Net. Mi trng pht trin ng dng ny c th hot ng trn cc in thoi di ng, ccthit b c s dng HH Windows CE, Windows Mobile...-ng gi v trin khai ng dng: Nh cng ngh ng gi v trin khai ng dng ClickOnemi, bn s d dng trin khai cc ng dng trn my ch Web, hoc cc mng chia s tptin.- H tr ng dng 64 bit: NetFramework 4.0 cng nh Visual Studio 2010 h tr tt v tiu cho tnh ton 64 bit.- a dng sn phm: Visual Studio 2010 c pht hnh khng ch l vi bn nh: Standard,Pro, Premium... ging cc phin bn trc. Microsoft pht hnh khng ch nhiu hng mc ma dng sn phm khc nhau phc v cho nhng mc ch khc nhau ca ngi dng. Nhngng ch nht l 2 bn: Visual Studio Express v Visual Studio Team System.

2.3 Gii thiu v ngn ng C#C# bao gm tt c nhng h tr cho cu trc, thnh phn component, lp trnh hng i

tng. Nhng tnh cht hin din trong mt ngn ng lp trnh hin i. V ngn ng C# hi

nhng iu kin nh vy, hn na n c xy dng trn nn tng ca hai ngn ng mnhnht l C++ v Java.Ti sao phi s dng ngn ng C#

Ngn ng C# l mt ngn ng c dn xut t C v C++, nhng n c to t nn tngpht trin hn. Microsoft bt u vi cng vic trong C v C++ v thm vo nhng c tnh mi lm cho ngn ng ny d s dng hn. Nhiu trong s nhng c tnh ny kh ging vinhng c tnh c trong ngn ng Java. Khng dng li , Microsoft a ra mt s mc chkhi xy dng ngn ng ny.

- C# l ngn ng n gin: Ngn ng C# n gin v n da trn nn tng C v C++. Nuchng ta thn thin vi C v C++ hoc thm ch l Java, chng ta s thy C# kh ging v din

mo, c php, biu thc, ton t v nhng chc nng khc c ly trc tip t ngn ng C vC++, nhng n c ci tin lm cho ngn ng n gin hn.- C# l ngn ng hin i: Nhng c tnh nh l x l ngoi l, thu gom b nh t ng,

nhng kiu d liu m rng, v bo mt m ngun l nhng c tnh c mong i trong mtngn ng hin i. C# cha tt c nhng c tnh trn.

- C# l ngn ng hng i tng: Nhng c im chnh ca ngn ng hng i tng(Object-oriented language) l s ng gi (encapsulation), s k tha (inheritance), v a hnh(polymorphism). C# h tr tt c nhng c tnh trn.

- C# l ngn ng mnh m v cng mm do: C# c s dng cho nhiu cc d n khcnhau nh l to ra ng dng x l vn bn, ng dng ha, bn tnh, hay thm ch nhng trnh

bin dch cho cc ngn ng khc.

22


23/48

- C# l ngn ng t t kha: C# l ngn ng s dng gii hn nhng t kha. Phn ln cct kha c s dng m t thng tin.

- C# l ngn ng hng module: M ngun C# c th c vit trong nhng phn cgi l nhng lp, nhng lp ny cha cc phng thc thnh vin ca n.

- C# s l mt ngn ng ph bin: C# l mt trong nhng ngn ng lp trnh mi nht. Vothi im cun sch ny c vit, n khng c bit nh l mt ngn ng ph bin. Nhngngn ng ny c mt s l do tr thnh mt ngn ng ph bin. Mt trong nhng l do chnhl Microsoft v s cam kt ca.NET

Phn 3 : Cch Xy Dng Webservice n Gin Trong Visual studio.NET

3.1 Xy dng Web Services

3.1.1 To Web Services trong VS .Net

Trong phn ny, hng dn xy dng mt Web Service n gin c tnWS_PHEP_TOAN, vi phng thc Cong_hai_so trong Visual Studio .Net

Chn Add|Add New Items t thc n ng cnh ca Project. Chn mc Web Servicetrong khung Template. i tn Web Service cn to thnh WS_PHEP_TOAN.

To mi Web ServiceTrong ca s vit lnh, c mt phng thc mu c to sn: phng thc HelloWorld.

23


24/48

Bn c nhn thy rng trc phng thc HelloWorld c sn t kha . Chngta s b sung vo phng thc Cong_hai_so. _

Public Function Cong_hai_so(ByVal pA As Integer, _

ByVal pB As Integer) As Integer

Dim lTong As Integer

lTong = pA + pBReturn lTong

End Function

3.1.2 Kim tra Web ServiceSau khi xy dng thnh cng Web Service, trc khi a vo s dng, chng ta cng nn tinhnh kim tra Web Service. Cc Web Service c xy dng trong VS.Net t ng pht sinh racc trang kim tra tng ng. thc hin iu ny, cc bn chn WS_PHEP_TOAN.asmx lm

trang khi ng, nhn F5 thi hnh ng dng.

24


25/48

Mn hnh kim tra Web ServiceTrang kim tra Web Service s lit k cc phng thc hin c trong Web Service c chn

thi hnh. Chn phng thc cn kim tra. y, chng ta chn phng thc Cong_hai_so. Xuthin mn hnh nhp cc tham s cho phng thc Cong_hai_so.

Nhp cc tham s cn thit v nhn nt Invoke thi hnh, chng ta s thy xut hin trang kt

qu nh hnh bn di.

25


26/48

Mn hnh kt qu

3.2. S dng Web ServiceSau khi hon tt vic xy dng, kim tra tin cy v tnh chnh xc ca Web Service,

chng ta s tin hnh a Web Service i vo s dng. s dng mt Web Service, Client cn phi bit Web Service h tr nhng phng

thc no, phng thc cn c nhng tham s no, kt qu tr v ra saoNhng thng tin ny ca mt Web Service c m t bi ti liu WSDL (Web ServiceDescription Language). WSDL l nh dng chun m t cc Web Service, s dng ngn ngXML.

Chng ta c th xem WSDL ca mt Web Service bng cch thm vo chui tham s wsdlvo sau chui URL:V d:http://localhost/MinhHoa/Chuong09-WebService/WS_PHEP_TOAN.asmx?wsdl

WSDL ca Wes Service WS_PHEP_TOAN

26


27/48

3.2.1 S dng Web Service do ngi dng xy dngS dng Web Service do chng ta xy dng tng t nh vic s dng cc lp i tng.V d:Dim phep_toan As New WS_PHEP_TOAN

lblKet_qua.Text = phep_toan.Cong_hai_so(4, 6)

3.2.2 S dng Web Services c cung cp min ph trn mng bit c nhng Web Services c cung cp min ph trn mng, cc bn c th dng

google thc hin tm kim. y, chng ti gii thiu n cc bn trang:http://www.webservicex.net cung cp kh nhiu cc Web Services hu ch.Trong phn ny, chng ti s hng dn bn s dng cc Web Services ly thng tin t gingoi t, thng tin thi tit, cc thnh ph chnh ca mt quc gia v cc n v tin t ca ccquc gia trn th gii.

Cc bc thc hin:Bc 1.Chn Add Web Reference t thc n ng cnh ca ng dng

Thm WebService vo ng dngBc 2.Nhp thng tin ng dn ca WebService, nhn thc hin vic xc thc WebService.Bc 3.Nu Web Service c xc thc thnh cng, thng tin m t v Web Service s chin th ngay pha bn di. Trong v d ny, chng ta ln lt xc thc 3 Web Service sau:http://www.webservicex.net/country.asmx?WSDL Cc quc giahttp://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx?WSDL Thi tithttp://www.webservicex.net/CurrencyConvertor.asmx?WSDL T gi

27
http://www.webservicex.net/http://www.webservicex.net/country.asmx?WSDLhttp://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx?WSDLhttp://www.webservicex.net/CurrencyConvertor.asmx?WSDLhttp://www.webservicex.net/http://www.webservicex.net/country.asmx?WSDLhttp://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx?WSDLhttp://www.webservicex.net/CurrencyConvertor.asmx?WSDL


28/48

Tham chiu Web ServiceBc 4.t tn tham chiu cho WebService: Web reference name.Bc 5.Nhn Add Reference hon tt tham chiu WebService.Bng trn m t cc phng thc v ti liu hng dn ca WebService

Danh sch cc Web Service c tham chiuBc 6.Thit k mn hnh

28


29/48

Mn hnh thit kVit lnh x l:'Ly t gi ngoi t

Dim tgNgoai_te As New Ws_Ty_gia.CurrencyConvertor

lblUSD.Text = tgNgoai_te.ConversionRate( _

Ws_Ty_gia.Currency.USD, Ws_Ty_gia.Currency.VND)

lblEUR.Text = tgNgoai_te.ConversionRate( _Ws_Ty_gia.Currency.EUR, Ws_Ty_gia.Currency.VND)

lblGBP.Text = tgNgoai_te.ConversionRate( _

Ws_Ty_gia.Currency.GBP, Ws_Ty_gia.Currency.VND)

'Ly thng tin thi tit cc thnh ph chnh

Dim lWeather As New Ws_Thoi_tiet.GlobalWeather

lblHN.Text = lWeather.GetWeather("Ha Noi", " Viet Nam ")

lblHCM.Text = lWeather.GetWeather("Ho Chi Minh", " Viet Nam ")

lblThanh_pho.Text = lWeather.GetCitiesByCountry(" Viet Nam ")

'Ly tn cc quc gia v n v tin t trn th gii

Dim lCountry As New Ws_Quoc_gia.country

lblDon_vi.Text = lCountry.GetCurrencyCode()

29


30/48

lblQuoc_gia.Text = lCountry.GetCountries()T gi ngoi t v thng tin thi tit c ly t WebService vo lc: 9:30:00 AM ngy

13/06/2005 (gi Vit nam). Lc cc bn thi hnh, cc gi tr ny c th thay i.

Mn hnh kt qu

30


31/48

3.3. Xy dng Web Services truy xut d liuWeb Service: WS_KHACH_HANGTrong phn ny, chng ta phi hp cc lp x l c xy dng Web serviceWS_KHACH_HANG. Trong v d minh ha di y, chng ta xy dng ba th tc:-Doc_danh_sach_khach_hang-Them_khach_hang-Xoa_khach_hang _

Public Function Doc_danh_sach_khach_hang() As DataSet

Dim lKhach_hang As New XL_KHACH_HANG

Dim lDataset As New DataSet

lDataset.Tables.Add(lKhach_hang)

Return lDataset

End Function

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------

_

Public Function Them_khach_hang(ByVal pHo_kh As String, _ByVal pTen_kh As String, _

ByVal pNgay_sinh As Date, _

ByVal pGioi_tinh As Boolean, _

ByVal pDia_chi As String, _

ByVal pTen_dn As String, _

ByVal pMat_khau As String) As Boolean

TryDim lKhach_hang As New XL_KHACH_HANG

Dim lDr As DataRow

lDr = lKhach_hang.NewRow()

lDr("Ho_khach_hang") = pHo_kh

lDr("Ten_khach_hang") = pTen_kh

lDr("Ngay_sinh") = pNgay_sinh

31


32/48

lDr("Gioi_tinh") = pGioi_tinh)

lDr("Dia_chi") = pDia_chi

lDr("Ten_dang_nhap") = pTen_dn

lDr("Mat_khau") = pMat_khaulKhach_hang.Rows.Add(lDr)

lKhach_hang.Ghi_du_lieu()

Return True

Catch ex As Exception

Return False

End Try

End Function

_

Public Function Xoa_khach_hang(ByVal pMkh As Long)

Dim lKhach_hang As New XL_KHACH_HANG

lKhach_hang.Xoa_dong(pMkh)

End Function

Trong Web service trn, chng ta c s dng mt s phng thc t lp XL_KHACH_HANG. s dng, chng ta cn b sung cc phng thc sau vo lp XL_KHACH_HANG:'Xc nh ch s ca dng c m s tng ng

Public Function Lay_chi_so(ByVal pMa_so As Integer) As Long

Dim i as Long

For i = 0 To Me.So_dong() - 1

If Me.Rows(i)(Khoa) = pMa_so Then

Return iEnd If

Next

Return -1

End Function

Public Sub Xoa_dong(pMa_so as Long)

Dim lChi_so as Long = Lay_chi_so(pMa_so)

32


33/48

If lChi_so >= 0 Then

Try

Me.Rows(lChi_so).Delete()

Ghi_du_lieu()Catch e As Exception

End Try

End If

End Sub

Public Sub Ghi_du_lieu()

Try

mDa_Bo_doc_ghi.Update(Me)

Me.AcceptChanges()

Catch e As Exception

Me.RejectChanges()

End Try

End Sub

Kim tra Web ServiceSau khi thit k thnh cng WS_KHACH_HANG, chng ta tin hnh kim tra Web service vato.

Danh sch cc phng thc ca WS_KHACH_HANGChn chc nng Doc_danh_sach_khach_hang.

33


34/48

Thi hnh phng thc Doc_danh_sach_khach_hangKt qu:

Kt qu di dng XMLS dng Web Service WS_KHACH_HANGSau khi xy dng v kim tra thnh cng WS_KHACH_HANG, chng ta s dng web serviceva to vo ng dng.Vit lnh x l:Private Sub Page_Load() Handles MyBase.Load

Dim lKhach_hang As New WS_KHACH_HANGdtgKhach_hang.DataSource = lKhach_hang.Doc_danh_sach_khach_hang

dtgKhach_hang.DataBind()

End Sub

Mn hnh kt qu:

34


35/48

Phn 4: ng dng dch v web xy dng h thng t v tu quamng Internet

4.1 Gii Thiu c th hiu hn, nm vng hn v cc kin thc ca Webservice cng nh kh nng

ng dng trin khai th phn di y em s thc hin mt Demo ng dng n gin, c th :

+Xy dng mt WebService tm kim kt qu v thng tin lin quan n s lng, gi v,ngy gi. Vi u vo l ni i, ch n

+Xy dng mt WebService ghi li d liu ca vic t mua.

+Xy dng mt webform dnh cho khch hng t v tu c s dng 2 webservice trn .

4.2 Thit k C S D Liu- CSDL xy dng cc Webservice

35


36/48

36


37/48

Bng 1 : Chi tit TuChc nng : Lu tr thng tin v chi tit v cc on tu

STT Tn trngKiuDL Din gii NULL

1 Ma Tau nchar M Tu Khng c php

2 TenTau nchar Tn Tu c php

3 SoLuong int S Lng Gh Ti a Ca Tu c php

Bng 2: Khch

Chc nng : Lu tr thng tin v Khch


1 SoBaoDanh nchar S Bo Danh Khng c php

2 TenKhach nchar Tn Khch c phpBng 3: Tuyn

Chc nng : Lu tr thng tin v chi tit v cc tuyn


1 Ma Tuyen nchar M Tuyn Khng c php

2 GaDi nchar Ga i c php

3 GaDen nchar Ga n c php

Bng 4: Lch Tu

Chc nng : Lu tr thng tin v chi tit v Lch trnh cc on tu


37


38/48

1 Ma Lich nchar M LchKhng c

php

2 MaTau nchar M Tu c php

3 MaTuyen nchar M Tuyn c php4 Time datetime Thi gian khi hnh of chuyn tu c php

5 GiaVe Int Gi cho mt v c php

6 ChoTrong IntS ch trng cn li trn chuyntu c php

Bng 5: t V

Chc nng : Lu tr thng tin v chi tit v vic t v ca Khch


1 Ma DatVe nchar M Tuyn

Khng c

php2 SoBaoDanh nchar S Bo Danh c php

3 MaLich nchar M Lch c php

4 SoVe Int S V t c php

4.3 Xy Dng WebService WS_VETAU

Xy dng mt WebService c tn WS_TAU tm kim kt qu v thng tin lin quan n slng, gi v, ngy gi. Vi u vo l ni i, ch n

38


39/48

publicclassWS_VETAU : System.Web.Services.WebService

{ [WebMethod]

publicstring HelloWorld()

{ return"Hello World"; }

[WebMethod]

public DataSet WS_TimKiem(string gadi, string gaden, DateTime time, ref int kt)// Webservice co the chi ho tro

dataset ma khon ho tro Datatable

{ cls_VeTau BL_VeTau = newcls_VeTau();

return BL_VeTau.TimKiemLichTau(gadi, gaden, time, refkt); }

}

Kt qu chy kim tra

39


40/48

4.4 Xy Dng Webservice WS_GHIDULIEUXy dng mt WebService c tn WS_GHIDULIEU ghi li d liu ca vic t mua vi uvo l s bo danh, m lich, s v, bin kim tra

40


41/48

publicclassWS_GHIDULIEU : System.Web.Services.WebService

{

[WebMethod]

publicstring HelloWorld()

{

return"Hello World";

}

[WebMethod]

publicvoid WS_ghilaidulieu(string sobaodanh, string malich, int sove, refint kt)

{

cls_VeTau BL_VeTau = newcls_VeTau();

BL_VeTau.GhiDuLieu(sobaodanh,malich,sove,refkt);

}

}

Kt qu chy kim tra

41


42/48

4.5 Xy Dng WebForm ng Dng- WebForm c s dng 2 Webservice trn dnh cho Sinh vin tm kim lch tu,t mua v tu trc tuyn

Tm Kim Lch Tu

42


43/48

Kt qu tm kim

t v

43


44/48

KT LUN

Trong qu trnh lm n, em c tm hiu, nghin cu v WebService. t em i vo thc t v tm hiu, phn tch, thit k mt h thng t v tu trc tuyn n gin ngdng cng ngh Webservice. Rn luyn thm kh nng t nghin cu, trnh by, c thm kinhnghim v kin thc h tr cho thc tp cui kha v sau ny.

T nh gi u nhc im ca h thng

u im

- Gii thiu tng quan v Webservice

- Demo thc hin n gin v d hiu nhn mnh vo ng dng WebService- H thng p ng c yu cu c bn ca qu trnh

Nhc im

- H thng ch mi dng li vic ng dng WebService, cha phi l mt h thnghon chnh vi y cc chc nng.

Hng pht trin

- M rng phm vi nghin cu.

- Hon thin hn cc chc nng ca h thng.

44


45/48

TI LIU THAM KHO-Th.S Nguyn Thnh Thy,Bi Ging Mn Lp Trnh Web, Khoa Thng K - Tin Hc, Trng

i Hc Kinh T Nng.

- Dng Quang Thin sch .NET Ton Tp - Lp Trnh Web Dng ASP.NET V C# - Tp 5

-Trung Tm Tin Hc i Hc Khoa Hc T Nhin Tp.HCM- Ti Liu Hng Dn GingDy -Lp trnh ng dng web vi ASP.NET

- Sch thit k Web gio vin Trn Phi Ho- khoa khoa hc my tnh Trng CCNTT Vit Hn.

45


46/48

PH LC

WebService c s dng cc phng thc ca lp cls_VeTaupublicclasscls_VeTau

{

publicDataSet TimKiemLichTau(string gadi, string gaden, DateTime time, refint kt) //dataset

{

//khai bao cau lenh de hien thi thong bao kiem tra co tim thay lich trinh nhu yeu cau

string strSQL1 = "SELECT MaLich,TenTau, GaDi, GaDen, Time ,GiaVe, ChoTrong FROM " +

" (TAU INNER JOIN LICHTAU ON TAU.MaTau=LICHTAU.Matau) INNER JOIN TUYEN ONTUYEN.MaTuyen=LICHTAU.MaTuyen" +

" WHERE TUYEN.GaDi=@GaDi AND TUYEN.GaDen=@GaDen AND TIME >= @Time";

SqlParameter[] ThamSo1 = { newSqlParameter("GaDi", gadi),

newSqlParameter("GaDen", gaden),

newSqlParameter("Time", time),

};

DataSet ds = newDataSet();

ds = (DataSet)DAL.Select(strSQL1, ThamSo1);

if(ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0)

kt = 0;

else kt = ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count;

// tim kiem

string strSQL = "SELECT MaLich,TenTau, GaDi, GaDen, Time ,GiaVe, ChoTrong FROM " +

" (TAU INNER JOIN LICHTAU ON TAU.MaTau=LICHTAU.Matau) INNER JOIN TUYEN ONTUYEN.MaTuyen=LICHTAU.MaTuyen" +

" WHERE TUYEN.GaDi=@GaDi AND TUYEN.GaDen=@GaDen AND TIME >= @Time";

SqlParameter[] ThamSo = { newSqlParameter("GaDi", gadi),

newSqlParameter("GaDen", gaden),

newSqlParameter("Time", time),

46


47/48

};

return DAL.Select(strSQL, ThamSo);

}

publicvoid GhiDuLieu(string sobaodanh, string malich, int sove, refint kt)// kt la kiem tra viec ghi du lieu thanhcong hay khong

{

string strSQL1 = "DatVeTau";// su dung 1 procedure da viet o trong SQL server

SqlParameter[] ThamSo1 ={ newSqlParameter("SoBaoDanh",sobaodanh),

newSqlParameter("MaLich",malich),

newSqlParameter("SoVe",sove),

newSqlParameter("kt",kt),

};

DAL.Execute_Procedure(strSQL1, refThamSo1, refkt);

}

}

Trong Lp cls_DataAccessLayer.cs

// Ham Execute su dung Procedure

publicvoid Execute_Procedure(string strSQL, refSqlParameter[] ThamSo, refint kt)

{

try //By li

{

Conn.Open();

SqlCommand command = newSqlCommand(strSQL, Conn);

command.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // dung procedure

ThamSo[ThamSo.Length - 1].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;// day la tham so nhan ket qua trave,them cai nay de truyen tham bien cho procedure

for(int i = 0; i < ThamSo.Length; i++)

{

47


48/48

command.Parameters.Add(ThamSo[i]);

}

command.ExecuteNonQuery();

kt = Convert.ToInt32(ThamSo[ThamSo.Length - 1].Value);// lay gia tri tra ve cua tham so

Conn.Close();

}

catch (Exception ex) //Tm thy li

{

showErr(ex);

}

}

PROCUDERE Trong SQLServer

ALTERPROCEDURE [dbo].[DatVeTau]

( @SoBaoDanh nchar(10), @MaLich nchar(10), @SoVe int, @kt intOUTPUT)

AS

BEGIN

Declare @ConTrong int;

SELECT @ConTrong=ChoTrong FROM LICHTAU

WHERE MaLich=@MaLich;

IF(@SoVe

De an Mon Hoc-Phan Van Phuoc

Documents

Transcript of De an Mon Hoc-Phan Van Phuoc