DC UPS Training Course

8/7/2019 DC UPS Training Course

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ALFANAR TRANNING CENTER

DC / UPS Training Course

O b 2010ctober 2010

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ALFANAR TRANNING CENTER

SHAROURAH POWER PLANT EXTENSION PROJECT

NAME: Mohamed Ibrahim

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Presentation of DC System

Introduction

electronic equipments, automation systems and telecommunication anddata systems existing in modern power plants.

supply voltages that have to be generated from the mains as well as

from a battery-assisted d.c voltage. These E ui ments could be su lied from AC or DC sources.Battery/Rectifier

Accordingly, means should be developed to generate AC voltages from

battery backed d.c. voltages to ensure continues supply to these loads

in case of AC power failure from the mains. Inverter

To ensure quality of AC voltage supplied to the loads, automatic voltageregulator is used. Constant Voltage Transformer (CVT)

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Presentation of DC System

Principle of Operation

The main target is to provide an uninterruptible power supply to critical

an oa s.

AC voltage from unit auxiliary supply is rectified to DC voltage. This

rectified AC is provided with a back-up battery system to supply the DC

.

DC voltage from the main DC bus bar is converted to AC voltage

through Inverter to provide AC loads.

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Main AC Supply

RectifiersCVT

Battery

Main

DCPanel

Inverter

Dist.

PanelAC UPS

Panel

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Modes of Operation

Normal Mode of Operation

The AC main supply is healthy.

The two rectifiers are sharing the total DC load. Battery is in floating status (rectifiers are supplying the battery internal

.

AC loads are supplied from DC main bus bar through inverter .

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Modes of Operation

Failure/Maintenance of The Inverter


Battery is in floating status (the healthy rectifier is supplying the battery The two rectifiers are sharing the total DC load.

.

AC loads are supplied from AC main supply through CVT.

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Modes of Operation

Failure/Maintenance of One Rectifier


Only one rectifier is supplying the whole DC loads. Battery is in floating status (the healthy rectifier is supplying the battery

.

AC loads are supplied from DC main busbar through inverter .

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Modes of Operation

Failure of Both Rectifiers


Both rectifiers are out of service. The battery is supplying the whole DC loads.

AC loads are supplied from AC main supply through CVT.

OFF

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Modes of Operation

Failure of AC Main Supply

The AC main supply is out of service.

Both rectifiers are out of service.

The battery is supplying the whole DC load.

AC loads are supplied from DC main bus bar through inverter.

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Modes of Operation

Restoration of AC Main Supply

The AC main supply is Healthy.

Both rectifiers are sharing the DC loads and charging the battery.

The battery is in the charging status.

AC loads are supplied from DC bus bar through inverter.

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Presentation of DC/AC Inverter

Inverter Principle of Operation

In one simple inverter circuit, DC power is connected to a load through a

c rcu w rans s or sw c es an an -para e o es. e rans s or

switches is rapidly switched back and forth to allow current to flow backto the DC source following two alternate paths through one end of the

load and then the other. The s uare wave form obtained can be filtered

to obtain pure sine wave form.

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Inverter Operation Modes

Continuous Mode

The AC loads are supplied from the DC source through the inverter.

Change over to AC mains without interruption within 2.5 ms if theinverter output voltage deviates from the nominal by more than 10%.

The loads will be switched back from the AC mains to the inverter

output after 30 sec when the inverter output voltage is again within limits

AC Mains

AC Output

DC Source

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Inverter Operation Modes

Standby Mode

The AC loads are supplied from the AC mains during normal operation.

The inverter remains switched on and kept synchronized to the AC

mains and operates with no load.

When the AC mains voltage goes out of limits the load is transferred to

the inverter output within 12 ms.

The loads are switched back to the AC mains automatically when the

voltage is within limits again.

AC Mains

AC Output

DC Source

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Inverter Panels

Manual Bypass

bypass switch so that the inverter and the

electronic AC mains changeover switch can

be isolated for maintenance purposes.

The manual changeover withoutinterruption can take place only when

the AC mains and the inverter outputs

are synchronized and within limits.

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Inverter Panels

Measuring Devices

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Inverter Panels

Indication Leds

H8

H1 H6

H9

H2 H5 H7

Umains>Unom-10%

H2

H5

DC voltage within limits

Uinv > Unom-10%

H7 ma ns sw tc Inverter switch

H8 Bypass switch

H9 Automatic switch

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Inverter Maintenance

The inverter equipment requires very little maintenance.

Prevent dust from accumulating in the inverter equipment.

Clean the inverter equipment with nothing more than an insulated brush

and a vacuum cleaner if that should become necessary.

If fuses blow, replace them only with fuses of the same type and value.

ec e nom na va ues o vo age an requency very occas ona y.

The fan in the power semiconductor cooling system should be replaced

every 4 years.

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Presentation of Charger

Rectifier Principle of Operation

The Three phases input voltage 400Vac supply the Full Bridge constituted

of 6 th ristors V1 to V6 throu h the in ut transformer T1.

The AC incoming lines can be interrupted with the internal CB Q001. The DC voltage coming from the bridge is filtered by the cells L1-C10 to

.

The pulses to order the thyristor blocks are provided by electronic card A1

(Thyristor Regulator Card).

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Charger Operation Modes

Floating Charging

The Charger is keeping the battery in the floating status with a defined set

voltage per cell.

the DC loads connected to the DC panels.

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Boost Charging

The boost mode starts automatically after a battery discharge (in case of ac

power failure).

The boost voltage value is adjusted to 138 v.

The charger will switch over automatically to the floating mode (normal

operation) after the set delay time.

The boost mode can be started also manually through the menu present inthe front LCD display.

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Equalizing Charging

se on y or t e comm ss on ng c arge o t e vente sea e ea ac or

NiCd battery types to form the battery cells. Equalizing charge level consists of high DC voltage 144V with limited

.

Equalizing charge must be used without load, only the battery bank is

connected to the DC charger.

E ualizin char e starts manuall from the menu resent in the LCD dis la .

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Charger Panels

LCD Operating Panel

DC Output

Volta e

Indication

Leds

NavigationButtons

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Rectifier Maintenance

The unit does not need to be maintained, however, check the following:

The screws, if all the mechanical parts are rightly fixed.

Check the floating voltage and adjust, if necessary, through the menus

presents on the LCD display. Disconnect the battery before setting.

Check the boost voltage and adjust, if necessary, through the menus

presents on the LCD display. Disconnect the battery before setting.

Dust the unit every year.

Replace the thyristor bridge fan every 5 years.

years.

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Presentation of Battery

Battery Concept

A battery is a device in which chemical energy is directly converted to

electrical energy .

It consists of one or more voltaic cells, each of which is com osed of two

half cells (electrode) connected in series by the conductive electrolyte.

The electrolyte is a conductor which connects the electrodes together and

also contains ions which can react with chemicals of the electrodes.

Half Cell

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Battery Concept

Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy by chemical reactions that

transfer charge between the electrode and the electrolyte at their interface.

materials (lead plate and lead-dioxide plate) placed in an electrolyte (sulfuric

acid).

nce e vo age o a a ery s re a ve y cons an , e capac y o a a ery o

store energy is often expressed in terms of the total amount of charge able to

pass through the device Ampere Hours

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Lead Acid Battery

e ea -ac ce cons sts o a meta c ea ano e an a ea ox e

cathode, which are immersed in a dilute sulfuric acid solution (H2SO4).

During discharge, the lead dioxide (positive plate) and lead (negative plate)

react with the electrolyte of sulfuric acid to create lead sulfate, water and

energy.

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Lead Acid Cell Construction Vent Plug

Release as in case of

excess pressure and

protect the cell fromatmosphere

Screw connection for easyand safe connection.

Separators

Special micro porous Positive Electrode

separation of the positive

and negative plates

u u ar p a es ma e

from special low

antimony selenium alloy

Negative ElectrodeGrid flat plate made from

selenium alloy

Container

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Battery Data

Electrolyte Sulphuric acidAmpere Hour 3000

No. of Cells 60

Internal Resistance 0.1 m/cell

Short Circuit Current 19200 A

Total Weight 13700 KGoa ng o age . ce

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Presentation of CVT


CVT stands forConstant Voltage Transformer.

CVT is a voltage regulator. The main purpose of using a CVT is toprovide stabilized output voltage within certain limits.

,

motor driven variable autotransformer and a series transformer

(booster).

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Presentation of CVT


The control circuit is connected on the output of the regulator.

When the output voltage varies from a preset value, an unbalance is

detected by the control circuit.

This unbalance signal is amplified and used to operate the servo driven

motor of the autotransformer.

This movement gives to the series transformer the additive or subtractive

voltage necessary to have the correct output value.

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Presentation of CVT

CVT Data

Rated Power (kVA) 50

Input Voltage Variation +/- 10%

Rated Current 150 A

Nominal Output Voltage 230 V

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Presentation of CVT

CVT Data

-

Output Frequency 50/60 Hz +/- 2%

Load Power Factor Any

Harmonic Distortion Less Than 0.2

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Presentation of CVT

CVT Data

Operating Temperature 0 to 40 oC

Degree of Protection IP20

Wei ht 430 k

Dimension 1800*800*800 (H*W*D)

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P t ti f AC/DC P l


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Presentation of AC/DC Panels

ng e ne agram

Main DC

Panel

.

Panel

8EDED02

AC UPSPanel

8EUEU01

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Main DC Panel (8EDED01)

Incomin Feeders

Rectifier # 1 Rectifier # 2 Battery

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Main DC Panel (8EDED01)

Out oin Feeders

Inverter Measuring andsignaling

Spare

DC DIS.Panel

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DC Distribution Panel Outgoing Feeders

Continue..

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Continue..

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Incoming Feeder

From Main DC Panel

Continue..

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Continue..

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Continue..

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AC UPS Panel Outgoing Feeders

Continue..

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Continue..

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Incoming Feeder

From Inverter/CVT

Continue..

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DC UPS Training Course

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Transcript of DC UPS Training Course