Dc motors and its types
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Transcript of Dc motors and its types
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• Presenter…
-Sumeet Patel (99)
DC MOTORS
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TOPICS TO DISCUSS
Introduction to DC MOTORS.
Principle.
Construction.
Working.
Types.
Applications.
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• A DC motor or Direct Current Motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
• A direct current (DC) motor is a fairly simple electric motor that uses electricity and a magnetic field to produce torque, which turns the rotor and hence give mechanical work.
DC MOTOR
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PRINCIPLE OF DC MOTORS
• In any electric motor, operation is based on simple electromagnetism.
• When a current-carrying conductor is placed in an external magnetic field, it will experience a force i.e. Lorentz force.
• Due to this force torque is produced which rotates the rotor of motor and hence a motor runs.
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• DC motor consist of 2 windings…
1. Field winding.
2. Armature winding.
• Field winding is stationary and armature winding can rotate freely.
• Field windings when given DC supply, magnetic field is produced.
• Armature winding when connected to DC source, shaft connected to it rotates due to Lorentz force.
CONSTRUCTION
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WORKING OF DC MOTORS
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TYPES OF DC MOTORS
• DC motor are of 3 types they are…..
1. DC SHUNT MOTOR
2. DC SERIES MOTOR
3. DC COMPOUND MOTOR
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1. DC SHUNT MOTOR
Armature
• The parallel combination of two windings is connected across a common dc power supply.
• The resistance of shunt field winding (Rsh) is always higher than that is armature winding.
• This is because the number of turns for the field winding is more than that of armature winding.
• The cross-sectional area of the wire used for field winding is smaller than that of the wire used for armature winding.
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2. DC SERIES MOTOR
• The field winding is connected in series with the armature.
• The current passing through the series winding is same as the armature current .
• Therefore the series field winding has fewer turns of thick wire than the shunt field winding.
• Also therefore the field winding will posses a low resistance then the armature winding.
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3. DC COMPOUND MOTOR
DC COMPOUND
MOTOR
LONG SHUNT COMPOUND
MOTOR
SHORT SHUNT COMPOUND
MOTOR
CUMULATIVE COMPOUND
MOTOR
DIFFERENTIAL COMPOUND
MOTOR
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I. LONG SHUNT COMPOUND MOTOR
• In this the series winding is connected in series with the armature winding and the shunt winding is connected in parallel with the armature connection.
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II. SHORT SHUNT COMPUND MOTOR
• In short shunt compound motor the series winding is connected in series to the parallel combination of armature and the shunt winding
• This is done to get good starting torque and constant speed characteristics.
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a) CUMULATIVE COMPOUND DC MOTORS
b) DIFFERENTIAL COMPOUND DC MOTORS
• If the two field windings i.e. series and shunt are wounded in such a way that the fluxes produced by them add or assist each other
• If the two field winding i.e. series and shunt are wounded in such a way that the fluxes produced by them always try to oppose and try to cancel each other.
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APPLICATIONS OF DC MOTORS
MOTORS.. APPLICATIONS…
D.C. SHUNT MOTORLATHES , FANS, PUMPS DISC AND BAND SAW DRIVE REQUIRING MODERATE TORQUES.
D.C. SERIES MOTOR ELECTRIC TRACTION, HIGH SPEED TOOLS
D.C. COMPOUND MOTORROLLING MILLS AND OTHER LOADS REQUIRING LARGE MOMENTARY TORQUES.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.google.com
en.wikipedia.org
Electrical technology –B.L. Theraja–A.K. Theraja
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ANY QUESTIONS ???