DBLP Ontology
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DBLP Ontology
SAPIENZA Università di RomaFacoltà di Ingegneria
Tesina per il corso di Seminari di ingegneria del software
Anno accademico 2006/2007
Autore: Germano Rocco
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
Indice
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A cura del prof. Michael Ley,docente presso il dipartimento di Computer Science dell‘università di Trier, Germania.
Contenente 1048576 pubblicazioni
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Studio della bibliografia DBLP
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DBLP: Numero dei record bibliografici
Studio della bibliografia DBLP
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DBLP: Tipi di record (Gennaio 2006)
Studio della bibliografia DBLP
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article : articolo contenuto in una rivista scientifica inproceedings : articolo presentato in una conferenzaproceedings : gli atti di una conferenzabook : libroincollection : la parte di un librophdthesis : tesi di dottoratomasterthesis : tesi di laureawww : indirizzo web
Elementi della bibliografia:
Studio della bibliografia DBLP
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Studio della bibliografia DBLP
Attributi della bibliografia:
auhoreditortitlebooktitlepagesmonthyearaddressjournalvolumenumber
urleecdromcitepublishernotecrossrefisbnseriesschoolchapter
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Studio della bibliografia DBLP
Sintassi XML:
<incollection mdate="2002-01-03" key="books/el/RV01/CalvaneseGLN01"> <author>Diego Calvanese</author> <author>Giuseppe De Giacomo</author> <author>Maurizio Lenzerini</author> <author>Daniele Nardi</author> <title>Reasoning in Expressive Description Logics.</title> <pages>1581-1634</pages> <year>2001</year> <crossref>books/el/RobinsonV01</crossref> <booktitle>Handbook of Automated Reasoning</booktitle> <url>db/books/collections/RobinsonV01.html#CalvaneseGLN01</url> <\incollection>
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Studio della bibliografia DBLP
Sintassi XML:
<article mdate="2004-01-14" key="journals/amai/HaDVH98"> <author>Vu A. Ha</author> <author>AnHai Doan</author> <author>Van H. Vu</author> <author>Peter Haddawy</author> <title>Geometric Foundations for Interval-Based Probabilities.</title> <pages>1-21</pages> <year>1998</year> <volume>24</volume> <journal>Ann. Math. Artif. Intell.</journal> <number>1-4</number> <url>db/journals/amai/amai24.html#HaDVH98</url> <\article>
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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Requisiti:
• input: file xml bibliografia• output:
file SQL connessione dbms
• gestione dbms (creazione, cancellazione, …)• possibilità di scegliere i tipi di elementi da aggiungere• stato avanzamento processo
Conversione dei dati
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Conversione dei dati
L’applicazione DBLPConverter
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Conversione dei dati
L’applicazione DBLPConverter
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Conversione dei dati
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La base di dati
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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Def: specifica formale di una concettualizzazione su un determinato dominio
Ontologia
Espressa mediante:
• Concetti
• Proprietà
• Relazioni
• Assiomi
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Def: specifica formale di una concettualizzazione su un determinato dominio
Ontologia
• Livello intensionale - TBOX
• Livello estensionale - ABOX
Author Person
Publication created Author
Author(Giuseppe De Giacomo)
Publication(2341)
created(2341, Giuseppe De Giacomo)
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Ontologia
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
Distinzione tra:
• Concetti
• Ruoli
• Attributi
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Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
Attributi:
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Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
Associazioni
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Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
Relazioni Is-A:
Disgiunzione tra classi:
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Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
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Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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Data source
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Data source
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Data source
DBMS:
• Scelto inizialmente MySQL 5.0.45
Passaggio ad Oracle 10g
• Impossibilità di eseguire il carico di lavoro richiesto
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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I mappings
Due sottoinsiemi di mapping assertion:
• Data-to-object mappings
• Typing-mappings
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I mappings
Regole:
Instanze di concetto: Classe(funct(VAR))Attributo: Attr(funct(VAR),VAR_ATT)Associazione: Assoc(funct(VAR),funct2(VAR2))
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I mappings
Esempio di Typing mapping:
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I mappings
Esempio di Data-to-object mapping:
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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Architettura del sistema
Protégé
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Architettura del sistema
Protégé + Plugin OBDA
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Architettura del sistema
Protégé + Plugin OBDA + DIG-MASTRO
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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Esempio di query sull’ontologia
Query n.1
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Esempio di query sull’ontologia
Query n.1
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Esempio di query sull’ontologia
Query n.2
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Esempio di query sull’ontologia
Query n.2
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Esempio di query sull’ontologia
Query n.3
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Esempio di query sull’ontologia
Query n.3
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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Query evaluation
Processo di valutazione suddiviso in 3 step:
1. Perfect Reformulation
2. Unfolding
3. Evaluation
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Query evaluation
Esempio: SELECT $x WHERE {$x rdf:type ‘Person’}
1. Perfect Reformulation
2. Unfolding
3. Evaluation
q(x) :- Author(x).q(x) :- created(_,x).q(x) :- has(x,_).q(x) :- Person(x).q(x) :- pers_name(x,_).q(x) :- edited(_,x).q(x) :- Editor(x).
SELECT DISTINCT alias_0.term FROM (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(author,')')) AS term FROM (SELECT author, id aspublication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHERE editor = '0') DummyTable) alias_0 UNION SELECT DISTINCT alias_0.term2 FROM (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(publication,')')) ASterm1,CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(author,')')) AS term2 FROM (SELECT author, id as publication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHEREeditor = '1') DummyTable) alias_0 UNION SELECT DISTINCT alias_0.term FROM (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(author,')')) AS term FROM (SELECT author, id as publication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHERE editor = '1') DummyTable) alias_0 UNION SELECT DISTINCT alias_0.term2 FROM (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(publication,')')) AS term1,CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(author,')')) AS term2 FROM (SELECT author, id as publication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHERE editor = '0') DummyTable) alias_0 UNION SELECT DISTINCT alias_0.term1 FROM (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(person,')')) AS term1,CONCAT('ww(',CONCAT(www,')')) AS term2 FROM (SELECT a.author as person, p.id as www, p.title, p.ee as url FROM dblp_author_ref_new a, dblp_pub_new p WHERE p.type = 'www' and a.id = p.id) DummyTable) alias_0 UNION SELECT DISTINCT alias_0.term1 FROM ((SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(author,')')) AS term1,author AS term2 FROM (SELECT author, id as publication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHERE editor = '1') DummyTable) UNION (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(author,')')) AS term1,author AS term2 FROM (SELECT author, id as publication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHERE editor = '0') DummyTable))
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Query evaluation
Unfolded query - esempio 3SELECT DISTINCT alias_0.term2, alias_2.term2, alias_6.term2, alias_7.term2, alias_4.term2 FROM ((SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(book,')')) AS term1,titleAS term2 FROM(SELECT id as book, title FROM dblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'book') DummyTable) UNION (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(', CONCAT(proceedings,')')) AS term1,title AS term2 FROM (SELECT id as proceedings, title FROM dblp_pub_new WHEREtype = 'proceedings') DummyTable) UNION (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(article,')')) AS term1,title AS term2 FROM (SELECT id as article, title, source asjournal FROMdblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'article') DummyTable) UNION (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(m_thesis,')')) AS term1,title ASterm2 FROM (SELECT idas m_thesis, title FROM dblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'masterthesis')DummyTable) UNION (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(p_thesis,')'))AS term1,title AS term2 FROM (SELECT id as p_thesis, titleFROM dblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'phdthesis') DummyTable) UNION (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(incollection,')')) AS term1,titleAS term2 FROM (SELECT a.id as incollection, a.title, b.id as book FROMdblp_pub_new a, dblp_pub_new b WHERE a.type = 'incollection' anda.crossref =b.dblp_key) DummyTable) UNION (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(inproceedings,')')) AS term1,title AS term2 FROM (SELECT a.id as inproceedings, a.title, b.id as proceedings FROM dblp_pub_new a, dblp_pub_new b WHERE a.type = 'inproceedings‘ and a.crossref = b.dblp_key) DummyTable)) alias_0 , ((SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(author,')')) AS term1,author AS term2 FROM (SELECT author, id as publication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHERE editor = '1') DummyTable) UNION (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pers(',CONCAT(author,')')) AS term1,author AS term2 FROM (SELECT author, id as publication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHERE editor = '0') DummyTable)) alias_1 , (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(article,')')) AS term1,pages AS term2 FROM (SELECT id as article, pages FROM dblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'article‘ and pages is not null) DummyTable) alias_2 , (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(publication,')')) AS term1,CONCAT('pers(', CONCAT(author,')')) AS term2 FROM (SELECT author, id as publication FROM dblp_author_ref_new WHERE editor = '0') DummyTable) alias_3 , (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('jnl(',CONCAT(journal,')')) AS term1,journal AS term2 FROM (SELECT id as article, title, source as journal FROM dblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'article') DummyTable) alias_4 , (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(article,')')) AS term1, CONCAT('jnl(',CONCAT(journal,')')) AS term2 FROM (SELECT id as article, title, source as journal FROM dblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'article')DummyTable) alias_5 , (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(article,')')) AS term1,num AS term2 FROM (SELECT id as article, number_ as num FROM dblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'article' and number_ is not null) DummyTable) alias_6 , (SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('pub(',CONCAT(article,')')) AS term1, volume AS term2 FROM (SELECT id as article, volume FROM dblp_pub_new WHERE type = 'article' and volume is not null) DummyTable) alias_7 WHERE alias_1.term2='GiuseppeDe Giacomo' AND alias_0.term1= alias_2.term1 AND alias_2.term1=alias_3.term1 AND alias_1.term1= alias_3.term2 AND alias_3.term1=alias_5.term1 AND alias_4.term1= alias_5.term2 AND alias_5.term1=alias_6.term1 AND alias_6.term1= alias_7.term1
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo
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Cenni sulla complessità
Theorem 7. Given a DL-LiteA ontology with mappings Om and a UCQ Qover Om, Answer(Q,Om) runs in LogSpace in the size of DB (data complexity).Moreover, it runs in polynomial time in the size of M, in exponential time inthe size of Q, and in polynomial time in the size of T.
• complessità polinomiale rispetto alla dimensione dei mappings;
• complessità esponenziale rispetto alla dimensione della query;
• complessità polinomiale rispetto alla dimensione della TBOX;
• complessità LOGSPACE rispetto alla dimensione dei dati;
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Indice
• Studio della bibliografia DBLP• Conversione dei dati• Ontologia • Il linguaggio DL-LiteA
• Data source• I mappings• Architettura del sistema• Esempio di query sull’ontologia• Query evaluation• Cenni sulla complessità• Demo