Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais

Disciplina: Est. Linguísticos V: Morfossintaxe (Ênfase em Inglês) Professora: Rosana E.S. Alunos: Davidson, Geiziele e Williana

Belo Horizonte, 2011.

Adjectives and Adverbs

What is an adjective?

An adjective is a word or a group of words that modifies a noun;

An adjective is a word that names a quality, or that defines or limits a noun " It's the same role they have in Portuguese, but contrary to what occurs in Portuguese:   They don’t have masculine, feminine, singular or plural. They are always used with the same form in any situation.

Of course, there are the degrees of comparison.

For examples:

Good boy Good girl

Beautiful house Beautiful houses

Comparative Degree

1- Equality degree: - AS + adj + AS

Example: John is as tall as Fred.

2- Superiority degree: Adj. + ER + Than

Example:

Marta is thinner than Susan.

•Many two syllable adjectives make the comparative using "more"

•Os terminados em: by - Y -ow - er - le podem ter ambas as formas:Examples:Lovely - lovelier / more lovely Shallow - shallower / more shallow

Slender - slenderer / more slender

3- Inferiority degree - Less + Adj. + ThanExample:

It is less hot today than it was yesterday.

1.1- Superiority - The + Adj. + EST + in / on

For adjectives with one syllable, or two syllables ending in Y, OW, ER, LE:

Example:Jennifer is the loveliest girl in the classroom.

The most + Adj. + in/of... For adjectives of two or more syllables.

Example: This is the most modern car of all.

•Alguns adjetivos terminados em Y, OW, ER, LE, fazem o superlativo com MOST:

Examples:

Lovely - loveliest / most lovelyShallow - shallowest / most shallowSlender - slenderest / most slenderSimple - simplest / more simple

2.1 Inferiority - The Least + Adj. + in / of

He is the least nervous student during the tests.

Adjective Order

In English, typically, the placement of adjectives before a noun follows this order:

1 - Opinion:Ex: an interesting film, a boring person, a great concert.

2 – Dimension:Ex: a big house, a small dog, a thin book 

3- Age:EX: a new car, a modern TV set, an ancient theater, an old person.

4- Shape:EX: a square picture, a round table, an oval loudspeaker.

5- Color:EX: a pink blouse, a blue tie, a yellow hat, a black suit.

6- Origin:EX: a Italian car, A Canadian girl, an American actor.

7- Material:EX: A wooden bed, an iron box, a plastic toy, a woolen sweater.

Adverbs

Adverbs are used to define verbs.

The computer is working slowly today.

Adverbs can be used to define adjectives.

The company my father works for is generally successful.

There are a lot of people in the world that are shockingly materialistic.

The floor was always uneven, it has to be fixed.

Adverbs are used to clarify other adverbs

The test was really hard today.

The trains came incredibly quickly today, I was so luckey.

Adverbs can answer questions such as How? What? When? Where? and What?

My mother always listens to the radio.

I have to study today.

People should exercise carefully.

The students and teachers work closely together on the project.

The kids are playing ball approximately10 meters from the house.

There are many people living closely together in the city.

Adverbs can come before the subject

Occasionally , we go out for dinner.

Sometimes, our teacher doesn't give us homework.

Adverbs can be placed between the subject and the main verb.

The bus slowly moves thought the street.

The dog quickly runs .

Adverbs can come after the verb.

The people are treating me nicely.

The runners ran the race quickly.

Bibliography

http://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Adverbs/Adverbs.htm - Fevereiro - 2011;

Oxford Dictionary,Oxford University press.

http://www.steacher.pro.br/adjective33.html

Fevereiro – 2011;