Daughter Should Be Alive and Her Father Should Also Be Alive on the Date of the Amendment to Confer...

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REPORTABLE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIACIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CIVIL APPEAL NO.7217 OF 2013

PRAKASH & ORS. …APPELLANTS

VERSUS

PHULAVATI & ORS. ...RESPONDENTS

WITH

SLP (C) NOS.21814 OF 2008, 18744 OF 2010,28702-28703 OF 2010, 28471 OF 2011, 4217-4218OF 2012, 1299-1300 OF 2013, 17577-17578 OF2013, 1981 OF 2014, 519 OF 2015, 3805 OF 2008,9390 OF 2015, 580 OF 2015, 35209 OF 2011 AN!15557-15558 OF 2015 AN! SLP. (C) ".1550 OF2015

# U ! $ % E N T

A!ARSH &U%AR $OEL, #.

1. The only !!"e #h$h h%! een '%!e( n )h! %)$h o*

+%))e'! ! #he)he' Hn(" S"$$e!!on ,A+en(+en)- A$)

/00 ,2)he A+en(+en) A$)3- #ll h%4e 'e)'o!5e$)4e e6e$).

In )he +5"7ne( 8"(7+en) ,'e5o')e( n AIR /011 K%'. 9:

Ph"l%4%) 4!. P'%;%!h- 5le% o* 'e!)'o!5e$)4)y h%! een

"5hel( n *%4o"' o* )he 'e!5on(en)! y #h$h )he

%55ell%n)! %'e %77'e4e(.



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

/. Conne$)e( +%))e'! h%4e een en)e')%ne( n )h!

Co"') +%nly on %$$o"n) o* )he !%( le7%l !!"e 5%')$"l%'ly

#hen )he'e %'e !%( )o e (6e'n7 4e#! o* H7h Co"')!

#h$h +%;e! ) ne$e!!%'y )h%) )he !!"e ! (e$(e( y )h!

Co"'). I) ! no) ne$e!!%'y )o 7o n)o )he *%$)! o* )he

n(4("%l $%!e o' )he $o''e$)ne!! o* )he =n(n7! 'e$o'(e(

y )he $o"')! elo# on 4%'o"! o)he' !!"e!. I) #%! +%(e

$le%' ("'n7 )he he%'n7 )h%) %*)e' (e$(n7 )he le7%l !!"e

%ll o)he' %!5e$)! +%y e (e$(e( !e5%'%)ely n )he l7h) o*

)he 8"(7+en) o* )h! Co"').

<. Only *o' )he 5"'5o!e o* (e$(n7 )he %o4e le7%l

>"e!)on #e 'e*e' )o )he 'e* *%$)! n C4l A55e%l No.9/19

o* /01<. The 'e!5on(en)?5l%n)6 Ph"l%4%) =le( !")

en7 O.S. No.1/@1/ e*o'e A(()on%l C4l J"(7e ,Seno'

D4!on- Bel7%"+ *o' 5%'))on %n( !e5%'%)e 5o!!e!!on )o

)he e)en) o* 1@9)h !h%'e n )he !") 5'o5e')e! n S$he("le

2A3 )o 23 e$e5) 5'o5e')y e%'n7 CTS No.</1 +en)one(

n S$he("le 2A3 n #h$h )he !h%'e !o"7h) #%! 1@/:)h.

. A$$o'(n7 )o )he $%!e o* )he 5l%n)6 )he !")

5'o5e')e! #e'e %$>"'e( y he' l%)e *%)he' e!h#%n)h

Ch%n('%;%n) U5%(hye y nhe')%n$e *'o+ h! %(o5)4e

2



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

+o)he' S+). S"n%n(% B%. A*)e' )he (e%)h o* he' *%)he' on

1:)h Fe'"%'y 1:: !he %$>"'e( )he !h%'e n )he 5'o5e')y

%! $l%+e(.

. The !") #%! $on)e!)e( +%nly #)h )he 5le% )h%) )he

5l%n)6 $o"l( $l%+ !h%'e only n )he !el* %$>"'e(

5'o5e')y o* he' (e$e%!e( *%)he' %n( no) n )he en)'e

5'o5e')y. D"'n7 5en(en$y o* )he !") )he 5l%n)6

%+en(e( )he 5l%n) !o %! )o $l%+ !h%'e %! 5e' )he

A+en(e( A$) < o* /00. The )'%l $o"') 5%')ly (e$'ee(

)he !") )o )he e)en) o* 1@/: )h !h%'e n $e')%n 5'o5e')e!

on )he %!! o* no)on%l 5%'))on on )he (e%)h o* he' *%)he'

%n( n !o+e o* )he )e+! o* 5'o5e')y no !h%'e #%! 74en

#hle 1@9)h !h%'e #%! 74en n !o+e o)he' 5'o5e')e! %!

+en)one( n (e)%l n )he 8"(7+en) o* )he )'%l $o"').

. The 'e!5on(en)?5l%n)6 5'e*e''e( ='!) %55e%l e*o'e

)he H7h Co"') #)h )he 7'e4%n$e )h%) )he 5l%n)6 e$%+e

$o5%'$ene' "n(e' )he A+en(+en) A$) < o* /00 %n( #%!

en))le( )o nhe') )he $o5%'$en%'y 5'o5e')y e>"%l )o he'

'o)he'! %5%') *'o+ $on)en)on! %!e( on n(4("%l

$l%+! n $e')%n )e+! o* 5'o5e')y.

3



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

9. The !)%n( o* )he (e*en(%n)!?%55ell%n)! #%! )h%) )he

5l%n)6 $o"l( no) $l%+ %ny !h%'e n !el* %$>"'e( 5'o5e')y

o* )he +e+e'! o* )he 8on) *%+ly %n( )h%) )he $l%+ o*

)he 5l%n)6 h%( )o e (e%l) #)h only "n(e' Se$)on o*

)he Hn(" S"$$e!!on A$) 1 %! ) !)oo( 5'o' )o )he

%+en(+en) y A$) < o* /00. The (e*en(%n)! 'ele(

"5on % (4!on en$h 8"(7+en) o* )he H7h Co"') n M.

Prithviraj vs. Neelamma N.1

l%yn7 (o#n )h%) * *%)he'

o* % 5l%n)6 h%( (e( 5'o' )o $o++en$e+en) o* A$) < o*

/00 )he %+en(e( 5'o4!on $o"l( no) %55ly. I) #%! only

)he l%# %55l$%le on )he (%)e o* o5enn7 o* !"$$e!!on

#h$h #%! )o %55ly.

:. The H7h Co"') *'%+e( *ollo#n7 >"e!)on *o'

$on!(e'%)on on )h! %!5e$) G

“(ii) Whether the plaintif is entitled to a sharein terms o Section 6 o the Hindu Succession

Act as amended by Act No.3 o !""#$%

. I) #%! hel( )h%) )he %+en(+en) #%! %55l$%le )o

5en(n7 5'o$ee(n7! e4en * ) ! )%;en )o e 5'o!5e$)4e.

The H7h Co"') hel( )h%) G

1 ILR 2009 Kar. 3612

4



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

“6&. 'he la in this reard is too ell settledin terms o the *udment o the Supreme +ourt in the case o ,. Se-ar s. ,eetha and othersreported in (!"") 6 S++ . Any de/elopment o la ine/itably applies to a pendin

proceedin and in act it is not e/en to be ta-enas a retrospecti/e applicability o the la but only the la as it stands on the day bein madeapplicable.

6!. 'he suit0 no doubt0 miht ha/ebeen instituted in the year &! and e/enassumin that it as our years ater the demiseo 1eshanth +handra-ant 2padhye0 the position so ar as the parties are concerned hoare all members o the *oint amily0 in terms o

Section 6 as amended by Act No.3 o !""# isthat a emale member is0 by a ction o lacreated in terms o the amended pro/ision alsobecomes a coparcener and has a riht in *oint amily property by birth. 'hey are also sharer members o the coparcenary property at par ith all male members. When a partition ta-es place0 coparceners succeed to the property ine4ual measure. Such is the leal position interms o Section 6 o the Hindu Succession Act

as amended by Act No.3 o !""# and asdeclared by the Supreme +ourt in the case o ,.S. Se-ar (supra). 'he only e5ception car/edout to the applicability and operation o Section6 o the Hindu Succession Act as amended by Act No.3 o !""# bein a situation or a actual position here there as a partition hich hadbeen efected by a reistered partition deed or by a decree o the court hich has attainednality prior to !".&!.!"" in terms o sub7section (#) to Section 6.

63. 8n the present case such beinnot the actual position0 the e5ception a/ailableunder sub7section (#) to Section 6 cannot becalled in aid by the deendants and thereore0the liability in terms o the amended pro/isionsoperates. 8t is not necessary or us to multiply the *udment by oin into details or discussinother *udments reerred to and relied upon by

5



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

the learned counsel or the parties at the 9ar asone *udment o the Supreme +ourt i clinchesthe issue on the point0 it is ood enouh or us0as a bindin authority to apply that la anddispose o the case as declared in that

*udment.%

10. The 'e!5on(en)?5l%n)6 #%! %$$o'(n7ly hel(

en))le( )o 1@9)h !h%'e n %ll )e+! n S$he("le! 2A3 )o 2D3.

In 'e!5e$) o* S$he("le 2F3 ='!) )e+ #%! 74en "5 y )he

5l%n)6. O") o* )he o)he' )#o )e+! !he #%! hel( en))le(

)o 1@9)h !h%'e n I)e+ No./ %n( 1@9)h !h%'e n 0

o#ne'!h5 n I)e+ No.<.

11. The (e*en(%n)!?%55ell%n)! h%4e >"e!)one( )he

8"(7+en) %n( o'(e' o* )he H7h Co"') #)h )he $on)en)on

)h%) )he %+en(e( 5'o4!on o* Se$)on h%! no %55l$%)on

n )he 5'e!en) $%!e. F%)he' o* )he 5l%n)6 (e( on 1:)h

Fe'"%'y 1::%n( #%! )h"! no) % $o5%'$ene' on )he (%)e

o* $o++en$e+en) o* )he A+en(+en) A$). The 5l%n)6

$o"l( no) $l%+ )o e )he (%"7h)e' o* % $o5%'$ene' %)

)he )+e o* $o++en$e+en) o* )he A$) #h$h

#%! )he ne$e!!%'y $on()on *o' $l%+n7 )he ene=). On

)he (e%)h o* 5l%n)63! *%)he' on 1:)h Fe'"%'y 1::

no)on%l 5%'))on )oo; 5l%$e %n( !h%'e! o* )he he'! #e'e

6



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

$'y!)%lle( #h$h $'e%)e( 4e!)e( '7h) n )he 5%')e!.

S"$h 4e!)e( '7h) $o"l( no) h%4e een )%;en %#%y y %

!"!e>"en) %+en(+en) n %!en$e o* e5'e!! 5'o4!on o'

ne$e!!%'y n)en(+en) )o )h%) e6e$). Mo'eo4e'

)he %+en(n7 5'o4!on )!el* #%! e5'e!!ly %55l$%le on

%n( *'o+ )he $o++en$e+en) o* )he A+en(+en) A$) .e.

)h Se5)e+e' /00. The H7h Co"') hel( )h%) e4en * )he

5'o4!on #%! 5'o!5e$)4e ) $o"l( $e')%nly %55ly )o

5en(n7 5'o$ee(n7! %! h%! een hel( n !o+e (e$!on!

o* )h! Co"'). I) ! 5on)e( o") )h%) )he %+en(+en) $o"l(

%55ly )o 5en(n7 5'o$ee(n7! only * )he %+en(+en) #%!

%55l$%le %) %ll.

1/. Le%'ne( $o"n!el *o' )he 'e!5on(en)! #o"l( !"55o')

)he 4e# )%;en y )he H7h Co"').

1<. e h%4e he%'( le%'ne( $o"n!el *o' )he 5%')e! n

)he 5'e!en) %55e%l %! #ell %! n $onne$)e( +%))e'! *o'

)he '4%l 4e# 5on)! #h$h #ll e no)$e( he'en%*)e'.

1. The $on)en)on '%!e( on eh%l* o* )he %55ell%n)! %n(

o)he' le%'ne( $o"n!el !"55o')n7 )he !%( 4e# ! )h%) )he

/00 A+en(+en) #%! no) %55l$%le )o )he $l%+ o* %

7



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

(%"7h)e' #hen he' *%)he' #ho #%! % $o5%'$ene' n )he

8on) hn(" *%+ly (e( 5'o' )o )h Se5)e+e' /00. Th!

!"+!!on ! %!e( on )he 5l%n l%n7"%7e o* )he !)%)")e

%n( )he e!)%l!he( 5'n$5le )h%) n %!en$e o* e5'e!!

5'o4!on o' +5le( n)en)on )o )he $on)'%'y %n

%+en(+en) (e%ln7 #)h % !"!)%n)4e '7h) ! 5'o!5e$)4e

%n( (oe! no) %6e$) )he 4e!)e( '7h)!/. I* !"$h %

$o5%'$ene' h%( (e( 5'o' )o )he $o++en$e+en) o* )he

A+en(+en) A$) !"$$e!!on o5en! o") on )he (%)e o* )he

(e%)h %! 5e' )he 5'e4%ln7 5'o4!on o* )he !"$$e!!on l%#

%n( )he '7h)! o* )he he'! 7e) $'y!)%l!e( e4en * 5%'))on

y +e)e! %n( o"n(! (oe! no) )%;e 5l%$e. I) #%! 5on)e(

o") )h%) %55%'en)ly $on$)n7 5'o4!on n E5l%n%)on )o

Se$)on ,- %n( )he !%( Se$)on #%! 'e>"'e( )o e 74en

h%'+ono"! $on!)'"$)on #)h )he +%n 5'o4!on. The

e5l%n%)on $o"l( no) e 'e%( n $on$) #)h )he +%n

5'o4!on. M%n 5'o4!on o* Se$)on ,1- $on*e'! '7h) o*

$o5%'$ene' on % (%"7h)e' only *'o+ $o++en$e+en) o*

)he A$) %n( no) *o' %ny 5e'o( 5'o' )o )h%). The 5'o4!o )o

Se$)on ,1- %l!o %55le! only #he'e )he +%n 5'o4!on o*

Se$)on ,- %55le!. Sn$e Se$)on ,- %55le! )o 5%'))on

2 Shyam Sunder vs. Ram Kumar (2001) 8 SCC 24 !aras 22 "# 27

8



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

e6e$)e( %*)e' /0)h De$e+e' /00 )he !%( 5'o4!o %n(

)he E5l%n%)on %l!o %55le! only #hen Se$)on ,1-

%55le!. I) ! %l!o !"+))e( )h%) )he E5l%n%)on #%!

+e'ely % '"le o* e4(en$e %n( no) % !"!)%n)4e 5'o4!on

(e)e'+nn7 )he '7h)! o* )he 5%')e!. D%)e o* % (%"7h)e'

e$o+n7 $o5%'$ene' ! on %n( *'o+ )he $o++en$e+en)

o* )he A$). P%'))on! e6e$)e( e*o'e /0)h De$e+e' /00

'e+%n "n%6e$)e( %! e5'e!!ly 5'o4(e(. The E5l%n%)on

(e=ne! 5%'))on %! 5%'))on +%(e y % 'e7!)e'e( (ee( o'

e6e$)e( y (e$'ee o* % $o"'). I)! e6e$) ! no) )o #5e o")

% le7%l %n( 4%l( 5%'))on 5'o' )o )he !%( (%)e ") )o

5l%$e "'(en o* 5'oo* o* 7en"nene!! o* !"$h 5%'))on on

)he 5%')y %lle7n7 ). In %ny $%!e !)%)")o'y no)on%l

5%'))on 'e+%n! 4%l( %n( e6e$)4e.

1. On )he $on)'%'y !)%n( on eh%l* o* )he 'e!5on(en)!

! )h%) )he %+en(+en) en7 5e$e o* !o$%l le7!l%)on )o

'e+o4e (!$'+n%)on %7%n!) #o+en n )he l7h) o* 19)h

Re5o') o* )he L%# Co++!!on )he %+en(+en) !ho"l( e

'e%( %! en7 'e)'o!5e$)4e %! n)e'5'e)e( y )he H7h

Co"') n )he +5"7ne( 8"(7+en). A (%"7h)e' %$>"'e(

'7h) y ')h %n( e4en * he' *%)he' #ho #%! %

9



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

$o5%'$ene' h%( (e( 5'o' )o $o+n7 n)o *o'$e o* )he

%+en(+en) )he !h%'e! o* )he 5%')e! #e'e 'e>"'e( )o e

'e(e=ne(. I) #%! !"+))e( )h%) %ny 5%'))on #h$h +%y

h%4e )%;en 5l%$e e4en 5'o' )o /0)h De$e+e' /00 #%!

l%le )o e 7no'e( "nle!! ) #%! y % 'e7!)e'e( (ee( o*

5%'))on o' y % (e$'ee o* )he Co"'). I* no 'e7!)e'e(

5%'))on h%( )%;en 5l%$e !h%'e o* )he (%"7h)e' #ll !)%n(

enh%n$e( y 4')"e o* )he %+en(+en).

1. e h%4e 74en ("e $on!(e'%)on )o )he '4%l

!"+!!on!. e +%y 'e*e' )o )he 5'o4!on o* Se$)on

o* )he Hn(" S"$$e!!on A$) %! ) !)oo( 5'o' )o )he /00

A+en(+en) %n( %! %+en(e( G

S'*+ + ' H*/S'*+ A

S'*+ + / + '+''' + ' H*/S'*+ (A'/') A,2005

. !'+6*+ + *'' + +' +'. hen% +%le Hn(" (e! %*)e' )he$o++en$e+en) o* )h! A$)

h%4n7 %) )he )+e o* h! (e%)h%n n)e'e!) n % M)%;!h%'%$o5%'$en%'y 5'o5e')y h!n)e'e!) n )he 5'o5e')y !h%ll(e4ol4e y !"'44o'!h5 "5on)he !"'44n7 +e+e'! o* )he$o5%'$en%'y %n( no) n%$$o'(%n$e #)h )h! A$)G

PROVIDED )h%) * )he (e$e%!e(

. !'+6*+ + *'' *+' +'.-(1- On %n(*'o+ )he $o++en$e+en) o* )heHn(" S"$$e!!on ,A+en(+en)- A$)

/00, n % Jon) Hn(" *%+ly7o4e'ne( y )he M)%;!h%'% l%# )he(%"7h)e' o* % $o5%'$ene' !h%ll?

,%- y ')h e$o+e % $o5%'$ene' nhe' o#n '7h) n )he !%+e +%nne' %!)he !on

,- h%4e )he !%+e '7h)! n )he$o5%'$en%'y 5'o5e')y %! !he #o"l(

10



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

h%( le*) h+ !"'44n7 % *e+%le'el%)4e !5e$=e( n $l%!! I o* )he S$he("le o' % +%le 'el%)4e!5e$=e( n )h%) $l%!! #ho$l%+! )h'o"7h !"$h *e+%le

'el%)4e )he n)e'e!) o* )he(e$e%!e( n )he M)%;!h%'%$o5%'$en%'y 5'o5e')y !h%ll(e4ol4e y )e!)%+en)%'y o'n)e!)%)e !"$$e!!on %! )he$%!e +%y e "n(e' )h! A$)%n( no) y !"'44o'!h5.

E5l%n%)on IG Fo' )he 5"'5o!e!o* )h! !e$)on )he n)e'e!) o* %Hn(" M)%;!h%'% $o5%'$ene'!h%ll e (ee+e( )o e )he

!h%'e n )he 5'o5e')y )h%)#o"l( h%4e een %llo))e( )oh+ * % 5%'))on o* )he5'o5e')y h%( )%;en 5l%$e++e(%)ely e*o'e h! (e%)h''e!5e$)4e o* #he)he' he #%!en))le( )o $l%+ 5%'))on o'no). E5l%n%)on /G No)hn7$on)%ne( n )he 5'o4!o )o )h!!e$)on !h%ll e $on!)'"e( %!en%ln7 % 5e'!on #ho h%!!e5%'%)e( h+!el* *'o+ )he$o5%'$en%'y e*o'e )he (e%)ho* )he (e$e%!e( o' %ny o* h!he'! )o $l%+ on n)e!)%$y %!h%'e n )he n)e'e!) 'e*e''e( )o)he'en. 9. De4ol")on o* n)e'e!) n )he 5'o5e')y o* %)%'#%(

h%4e h%( * !he h%( een % !on

,$- e !"8e$) )o )he !%+e l%l)e!n 'e!5e$) o* )he !%( $o5%'$en%'y5'o5e')y %! )h%) o* % !on

%n( %ny 'e*e'en$e )o % Hn("M)%;!h%'% $o5%'$ene' !h%ll e(ee+e( )o n$l"(e % 'e*e'en$e )o %(%"7h)e' o* % $o5%'$ene'G

P'o4(e( )h%) no)hn7 $on)%ne( n)h! !"?!e$)on !h%ll %6e$) o'n4%l(%)e %ny (!5o!)on o'%len%)on n$l"(n7 %ny 5%'))on o')e!)%+en)%'y (!5o!)on o* 5'o5e')y#h$h h%( )%;en 5l%$e e*o'e )he

/0)h (%y o* De$e+e' /00.

,/- Any 5'o5e')y )o #h$h % *e+%leHn(" e$o+e! en))le( y 4')"e o* !"?!e$)on ?,1- !h%ll e hel( y he'#)h )he n$(en)! o* $o5%'$en%'yo#ne'!h5 %n( !h%ll e 'e7%'(e(no)#)h!)%n(n7 %ny)hn7 $on)%ne(n )h! A$) o' %ny o)he' l%# *o' )he)+e en7 n *o'$e %! 5'o5e')y$%5%le o* en7 (!5o!e( o* y he'y )e!)%+en)%'y (!5o!)on.

,<- he'e % Hn(" (e! %*)e' )he$o++en$e+en) o* )he Hn("S"$$e!!on ,A+en(+en)- A$) /00h! n)e'e!) n )he 5'o5e')y o* % Jon)Hn(" *%+ly 7o4e'ne( y )heM)%;!h%'% l%# !h%ll (e4ol4e y)e!)%+en)%'y o' n)e!)%)e!"$$e!!on %! )he $%!e +%y e"n(e' )h! A$) %n( no) y!"'44o'!h5 %n( )he $o5%'$en%'y5'o5e')y !h%ll e (ee+e( )o h%4eeen (4(e( %! * % 5%'))on h%(

)%;en 5l%$e %n(?

,%- )he (%"7h)e' ! %llo))e( )he !%+e!h%'e %! ! %llo))e( )o % !on

,- )he !h%'e o* )he 5'e?(e$e%!e(!on o' % 5'e?(e$e%!e( (%"7h)e' %!)hey #o"l( h%4e 7o) h%( )hey een%l4e %) )he )+e o* 5%'))on !h%ll e%llo))e( )o )he !"'44n7 $hl( o* !"$h

11



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

5'e(e$e%!e( !on o' o* !"$h5'e?(e$e%!e( (%"7h)e' %n(

,$- )he !h%'e o* )he 5'e?(e$e%!e($hl( o* % 5'e?(e$e%!e( !on o' o* %

5'e?(e$e%!e( (%"7h)e' %! !"$h $hl(#o"l( h%4e 7o) h%( he o' !he een%l4e %) )he )+e o* )he 5%'))on!h%ll e %llo))e( )o )he $hl( o* !"$h5'e?(e$e%!e( $hl( o* )he5'e?(e$e%!e( !on o' % 5'e?(e$e%!e((%"7h)e' %! )he $%!e +%y e.

E5l%n%)on.? Fo' )he 5"'5o!e! o* )h!!"?!e$)on )he n)e'e!) o* % Hn("M)%;!h%'% $o5%'$ene' !h%ll e(ee+e( )o e )he !h%'e n )he

5'o5e')y )h%) #o"l( h%4e een%llo))e( )o h+ * % 5%'))on o* )he5'o5e')y h%( )%;en 5l%$e++e(%)ely e*o'e h! (e%)h''e!5e$)4e o* #he)he' he #%!en))le( )o $l%+ 5%'))on o' no).

,- A*)e' )he $o++en$e+en) o* )heHn(" S"$$e!!on ,A+en(+en)- A$)/00 no $o"') !h%ll 'e$o7n!e %ny'7h) )o 5'o$ee( %7%n!) % !on7'%n(!on o' 7'e%)?7'%n(!on *o' )he'e$o4e'y o* %ny (e) ("e *'o+ h!*%)he' 7'%n(*%)he' o'7'e%)?7'%n(*%)he' !olely on )he7'o"n( o* )he 5o"! ol7%)on "n(e')he Hn(" l%# o* !"$h !on 7'%n(!ono' 7'e%)?7'%n(!on )o (!$h%'7e %ny!"$h (e)G

P'o4(e( )h%) n )he $%!e o* %ny (e)$on)'%$)e( e*o'e )he$o++en$e+en) o* )he Hn("S"$$e!!on ,A+en(+en)- A$) /00no)hn7 $on)%ne( n )h! !"?!e$)on!h%ll %6e$)?

,%- )he '7h) o* %ny $'e()o' )o5'o$ee( %7%n!) )he !on 7'%n(!on o'7'e%)?7'%n(!on %! )he $%!e +%y eo'

,- %ny %len%)on +%(e n 'e!5e$) o* o' n !%)!*%$)on o* %ny !"$h (e)%n( %ny !"$h '7h) o' %len%)on !h%ll

12



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

e en*o'$e%le "n(e' )he '"le o* 5o"! ol7%)on n )he !%+e +%nne'%n( )o )he !%+e e)en) %! ) #o"l(h%4e een en*o'$e%le %! * )heHn(" S"$$e!!on ,A+en(+en)- A$)

/00 h%( no) een en%$)e(.

E5l%n%)on.?Fo' )he 5"'5o!e! o* $l%"!e ,%- )he e5'e!!on !on7'%n(!on o' 7'e%)?7'%n(!on !h%lle (ee+e( )o 'e*e' )o )he !on7'%n(!on o' 7'e%)?7'%n(!on %! )he$%!e +%y e #ho #%! o'n o'%(o5)e( 5'o' )o )he $o++en$e+en)o* )he Hn(" S"$$e!!on,A+en(+en)- A$) /00.

,- No)hn7 $on)%ne( n )h! !e$)on!h%ll %55ly )o % 5%'))on #h$h h%!een e6e$)e( e*o'e )he /0)h (%y o* De$e+e' /00.

E5l%n%)on.? Fo' )he 5"'5o!e! o* )h!!e$)on 5%'))on +e%n! %ny5%'))on +%(e y ee$")on o* %(ee( o* 5%'))on ("ly 'e7!)e'e("n(e' )he Re7!)'%)on A$) 10: ,1o* 10:- o' 5%'))on e6e$)e( y %(e$'ee o* % $o"').

19. The )e) o* )he %+en(+en) )!el* $le%'ly 5'o4(e! )h%)

)he '7h) $on*e''e( on % 2(%"7h)e' o* % $o5%'$ene'3 ! 2on

%n( *'o+ )he $o++en$e+en) o* Hn(" S"$$e!!on

,A+en(+en)- A$) /003. Se$)on ,<- )%l;! o* (e%)h %*)e'

)he %+en(+en) *o' )! %55l$%l)y. In 4e# o* 5l%n

l%n7"%7e o* )he !)%)")e )he'e ! no !$o5e *o' % (6e'en)

n)e'5'e)%)on )h%n )he one !"77e!)e( y )he )e) o* )he

%+en(+en). An %+en(+en) o* % !"!)%n)4e 5'o4!on !

13



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

%l#%y! 5'o!5e$)4e "nle!! e)he' e5'e!!ly o' y ne$e!!%'y

n)en(+en) ) ! 'e)'o!5e$)4e<. In )he 5'e!en) $%!e )he'e !

ne)he' %ny e5'e!! 5'o4!on *o' 74n7 'e)'o!5e$)4e e6e$)

)o )he %+en(e( 5'o4!on no' ne$e!!%'y n)en(+en) )o )h%)

e6e$). Re>"'e+en) o* 5%'))on en7 'e7!)e'e( $%n h%4e

no %55l$%)on )o !)%)")o'y no)on%l 5%'))on on o5enn7 o*

!"$$e!!on %! 5e' "n%+en(e( 5'o4!on h%4n7 'e7%'( )o

n%)"'e o* !"$h 5%'))on #h$h ! y o5e'%)on o* l%#. The

n)en) %n( e6e$) o* )he A+en(+en) #ll e $on!(e'e( %

l))le l%)e'. On )h! =n(n7 )he 4e# o* )he H7h Co"')

$%nno) e !"!)%ne(.

1:. Con)en)on o* )he 'e!5on(en)! )h%) )he A+en(+en)

!ho"l( e 'e%( %! 'e)'o!5e$)4e en7 % 5e$e o* !o$%l

le7!l%)on $%nno) e %$$e5)e(. E4en % !o$%l le7!l%)on

$%nno) e 74en 'e)'o!5e$)4e e6e$) "nle!! !o 5'o4(e( *o'

o' !o n)en(e( y )he le7!l%)"'e. In )he 5'e!en) $%!e )he

le7!l%)"'e h%! e5'e!!ly +%(e )he A+en(+en) %55l$%le

on %n( *'o+ )! $o++en$e+en) %n( only * (e%)h o* )he

$o5%'$ene' n >"e!)on ! %*)e' )he A+en(+en). Th"! no

o)he' n)e'5'e)%)on ! 5o!!le n 4e# o* e5'e!! l%n7"%7e

3 Shyam Sunder vs. Ram Kumar (2001) 8 SCC 24 !aras 22 "# 27

14



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

o* )he !)%)")e. The 5'o4!o ;ee5n7 (!5o!)on! o'

%len%)on! o' 5%'))on! 5'o' )o /0)h De$e+e' /00

"n%6e$)e( $%n %l!o no) le%( )o )he n*e'en$e )h%) )he

(%"7h)e' $o"l( e % $o5%'$ene' 5'o' )o )he

$o++en$e+en) o* )he A$). The 5'o4!o only +e%n! )h%)

)he )'%n!%$)on! no) $o4e'e( )he'ey #ll no) %6e$) )he

e)en) o* $o5%'$en%'y 5'o5e')y #h$h +%y e %4%l%le

#hen )he +%n 5'o4!on ! %55l$%le. S+l%'ly

E5l%n%)on h%! )o e 'e%( h%'+ono"!ly #)h )he

!"!)%n)4e 5'o4!on o* Se$)on ,- y en7 l+)e( )o %

)'%n!%$)on o* 5%'))on e6e$)e( %*)e' /0)h De$e+e'

/00. No)on%l 5%'))on y )! 4e'y n%)"'e ! no) $o4e'e(

e)he' "n(e' 5'o4!o o' "n(e' !"?!e$)on o' "n(e' )he

E5l%n%)on.

1. In)e'5'e)%)on o* % 5'o4!on (e5en(! on )he )e) %n(

)he $on)e). No'+%l '"le ! )o 'e%( )he #o'(! o* % !)%)")e

n o'(n%'y !en!e. In $%!e o* %+7")y '%)on%l +e%nn7

h%! )o e 74en. In $%!e o* %55%'en) $on$) h%'+ono"!

+e%nn7 )o %(4%n$e )he o8e$) %n( n)en)on o* le7!l%)"'e

h%! )o e 74en.

4 R$I vs. !eer%ess (1987) 1 SCC 424 &ara 335 Kehar S'nh vs. S"a"e (1988) 3 SCC 6096 's"r'*" +'n'n ,--'*er vs. a"a Ir#n and S"ee% C#. (2001) 7 SCC 358

15



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

/0. The'e h%4e een n"+e' o* o$$%!on! #hen %

5'o4!o o' %n e5l%n%)on $%+e "5 *o' n)e'5'e)%)on.

De5en(n7 on )he )e) $on)e) %n( )he 5"'5o!e (6e'en)

'"le! o* n)e'5'e)%)on h%4e een %55le(9.

/1. No'+%l '"le ! )h%) % 5'o4!o e$e5)! !o+e)hn7 o")

o* )he en%$)+en) #h$h #o"l( o)he'#!e e #)hn )he

5"'4e# o* )he en%$)+en) ") * )he )e) $on)e) o'

5"'5o!e !o 'e>"'e % (6e'en) '"le +%y %55ly. S+l%'ly %n

e5l%n%)on ! )o e5l%n )he +e%nn7 o* #o'(! o* )he

!e$)on ") * )he l%n7"%7e o' 5"'5o!e !o 'e>"'e )he

e5l%n%)on $%n e !o n)e'5'e)e(. R"le! o* n)e'5'e)%)on

o* !)%)")e! %'e "!e*"l !e'4%n)! ") (Q$"l) +%!)e'!:.

O8e$) o* n)e'5'e)%)on ! )o (!$o4e' )he n)en)on o*

le7!l%)"'e.

//. In )h! %$;7'o"n( #e =n( )h%) )he 5'o4!o )o

Se$)on ,1- %n( !"?!e$)on ,- o* Se$)on $le%'ly n)en(

)o e$l"(e )he )'%n!%$)on! 'e*e''e( )o )he'en #h$h +%y

h%4e )%;en 5l%$e 5'o' )o /0)h De$e+e' /00 on #h$h

(%)e )he Bll #%! n)'o("$e(. E5l%n%)on $%nno) 5e'+)

'eo5enn7 o* 5%'))on! #h$h #e'e 4%l( #hen e6e$)e(.

7 S. Sundaram !'%%a' vs. R. !a""a/'raman (1985) 1 SCC 5918 Keshav' Rav' C#. vs. CI (1990) 2 SCC 231

16



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

O8e$) o* 74n7 =n%l)y )o )'%n!%$)on! 5'o' )o /0)h

De$e+e' /00 ! no) )o +%;e )he +%n 5'o4!on

'e)'o!5e$)4e n %ny +%nne'. The o8e$) ! )h%) y *%;e

)'%n!%$)on! %4%l%le 5'o5e')y %) )he n)'o("$)on o* )he

Bll ! no) )%;en %#%y %n( 'e+%n! %4%l%le %! %n( #hen

'7h) $on*e''e( y )he !)%)")e e$o+e! %4%l%le %n( ! )o

e en*o'$e(. M%n 5'o4!on o* )he A+en(+en) n Se$)on

,1- %n( ,<- ! no) n %ny +%nne' n)en(e( )o e %6e$)e(

") !)'en7)hene( n )h! #%y. Se))le( 5'n$5le! 7o4e'nn7

!"$h )'%n!%$)on! 'ele( "5on y )he %55ell%n)! %'e no)

n)en(e( )o e (one %#%y #)h *o' 5e'o( 5'o' )o /0)h

De$e+e' /00. In no $%!e !)%)")o'y no)on%l 5%'))on

e4en %*)e' /0)h

De$e+e' /00 $o"l( e $o4e'e( y )he

E5l%n%)on o' )he 5'o4!o n >"e!)on.

/<. A$$o'(n7ly #e hol( )h%) )he '7h)! "n(e' )he

%+en(+en) %'e %55l$%le )o l4n7 (%"7h)e'! o* l4n7

$o5%'$ene'! %! on )h Se5)e+e' /00 ''e!5e$)4e o*

#hen !"$h (%"7h)e'! %'e o'n. D!5o!)on o' %len%)on

n$l"(n7 5%'))on! #h$h +%y h%4e )%;en 5l%$e e*o'e

/0)h De$e+e' /00 %! 5e' l%# %55l$%le 5'o' )o )he !%(

17



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

(%)e #ll 'e+%n "n%6e$)e(. Any )'%n!%$)on o* 5%'))on

e6e$)e( )he'e%*)e' #ll e 7o4e'ne( y )he E5l%n%)on.

/. On %o4e n)e'5'e)%)on C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o*

/01< ! %llo#e(. The o'(e' o* )he H7h Co"') ! !e) %!(e.

The +%))e' ! 'e+%n(e( )o )he H7h Co"') *o' % *'e!h

(e$!on n %$$o'(%n$e #)h l%#. All o)he' +%))e'! +%y e

l!)e( *o' he%'n7 !e5%'%)ely *o' $on!(e'%)on on /)h

No4e+e' /01.

/. The 4e# #h$h #e h%4e )%;en %o4e ! $on!!)en)

#)h %n( no) n $on$) #)h %ny o* )he e%'le' (e$!on!.

e +%y no# 'e*e' )o )he (e$!on! $)e( y )he 5%')e!.

M%n (e$!on! $)e( y )he 'e!5on(en)! %'eG Prema vs.

Nanje Gowda9 Ganduri Koteshwaramma vs. Chakiri

Yanadi 10 V.K. Surendra vs. V.K. himmaiah11 ! "am

Saru# vs. Munshi 1$ ! %a&awati vs. 'nderjit 1( ! )marjit

Kaur vs. Pritam Sin*h1+ ! ,akshmi Nara&an Guin vs.

Niranjan Modak

1

! S. Sai "edd& vs. S. Nara&ana

9 (2011) 6 SCC 46210 (2011) 9 SCC 78811 (2013) 10 SCC 211 &ara 1812 (1963) 3 SCR 85813 (1966) 3 SCR 27514 (1974) 2 SCC 36315 (1985) 1 SCC 270

18



"edd& 1 %n( State o- Maharashtra vs. Nara&an "ao1.

M%ny o* )he!e (e$!on! (e%l #)h !)"%)on! #he'e $h%n7e

n l%# ! hel( )o e %55l$%le )o 5en(n7 5'o$ee(n7!

h%4n7 'e7%'( )o n)en)on o* le7!l%)"'e n % 5%')$"l%' l%#.

The'e ! no (!5")e #)h )he 5'o5o!)on! l%( (o#n n )he

!%( (e$!on!. "e!)on ! o* %55l$%)on o* )he !%(

5'n$5le n )he l7h) o* % 5%')$"l%' %+en(n7 l%#. The

(e$!on! 'ele( "5on (o no) %55ly )o )he 5'e!en) $%!e )o

!"55o') )he !)%n( o* )he 'e!5on(en)!.

/.1. In "am Saru# /ase su#ra! )he >"e!)on *o'

$on!(e'%)on #%! o* %+en(+en) )o )he P"n8%

P'e?e+5)on A$) 1<0 y P"n8% A$) 10 o* 10 'e!)'$)n7

)he 5'e?e+5)on '7h). Se$)on <1 n!e')e( y #%y o*

%+en(+en) 5'oh)e( 5%!!n7 o* % (e$'ee #h$h #%!

n$on!!)en) #)h )he %+en(e( 5'o4!on!. I) #%! hel( )h%)

)he %+en(+en) #%! 'e)'o!5e$)4e %n( h%( 'e)'o!5e$)4e

o5e'%)on n 4e# o* l%n7"%7e e+5loye( n )he !%(

5'o4!on.

/./. In %a&awati /ase su#ra! Se$)on o* )he P"n8%

Rele* o* In(e)e(ne!! A$) 1 e5'e!!ly 7%4e

16 (1991) 3 SCC 64717 (1985) 2 SCC 321 &aras 8 "# 10



'e)'o!5e$)4e e6e$) %n( +%(e )he !)%)")e %55l$%le )o %ll

5en(n7 !")! on )he $o++en$e+en) o* )he A$). The A$)

!o"7h) )o 'e("$e )he '%)e o* n)e'e!) n $e')%n

)'%n!%$)on! )o 74e 'ele* %7%n!) n(e)e(ne!! )o $e')%n

!5e$=e( 5e'!on!.

/.<. In ,akshmi Nara&an Guin /ase su#ra! )he

>"e!)on #%! o* %55l$%l)y o* Se$)on 1< o* )he e!)

Ben7%l P'e+!e! Ten%n$y A$) 1 #h$h e5'e!!ly

5'o4(e( )h%) no o'(e' $o"l( e 5%!!e( y )he Co"')

$on)'%'y )o )he !$he+e o* )he ne# l%#.

/.. In )marjit Kaur /ase su#ra! Se$)on < o* )he

P"n8%

P'e?e+5)on ,Re5e%l- A$) 19< #%! $on!(e'e( #h$h

e5'e!!ly 5'oh)e( )he Co"') *'o+ 5%!!n7 %ny

5'e?e+5)on (e$'ee %*)e' )he $o++en$e+en) o* )he A$).

/.. The'e ! %l!o no $on$) #)h )he 5'n$5le l%( (o#n

n V.K. Surendra /ase su#ra #h$h (e%l! #)h %

5'e!"+5)on %o") )he n%)"'e o* % 8on) *%+ly 5'o5e')y

%n( "'(en o* 5'oo* en7 on )he 5e'!on $l%+n7 !"$h



5'o5e')y )o e !e5%'%)e. The !%( (e$!on only l%y! (o#n

% '"le o* e4(en$e.

/.. In S. Sai "edd& /ase su#ra )he >"e!)on *o'

$on!(e'%)on #%! #he)he' e4en %*)e' % 5'el+n%'y (e$'ee

! 5%!!e( (e)e'+nn7 )he !h%'e! n 5%'))on !"$h !h%'e!

$o"l( e 4%'e( on %$$o"n) o* n)e'4enn7 e4en)! %) )he

)+e o* 5%!!n7 o* )he =n%l (e$'ee. In )he !%( $%!e

5%'))on !") #%! =le( y % !on %7%n!) h! *%)he' n #h$h

% 5'el+n%'y (e$'ee #%! 5%!!e( (e)e'+nn7 !h%'e o* )he

5%')e!. Be*o'e =n%l (e$'ee $o"l( e 5%!!e( )he'e #%! %n

%+en(+en) n )he Hn(" S"$$e!!on A$) ,4(e A.P.

A+en(+en) A$) 1:- %llo#n7 !h%'e )o )he "n+%''e(

(%"7h)e'!. A$$o'(n7ly )he "n+%''e( (%"7h)e'! %55le(

)o )he $o"') *o' )he' !h%'e! #h$h 5le% #%! "5hel(. The

!%( 8"(7+en) (oe! no) (e%l #)h )he !!"e n4ol4e( n )he

5'e!en) +%))e'. I) #%! no) % $%!e #he'e )he $o5%'$ene'

#ho!e (%"7h)e' $l%+e( '7h) #%! no) %l4e on )he (%)e o*

)he $o++en$e+en) o* )he A$) no' % $%!e #he'e !h%'e! o*

)he 5%')e! !)oo( %l'e%(y $'y!)%l!e( y o5e'%)on o* l%# )o

#h$h )he %+en(n7 l%# h%( no %55l$%)on. S%+e ! )he

5o!)on n Prema and Ganduri /ases su#ra.



/.9. In Nara&an "ao /ase su#ra ) #%! o!e'4e( )h%)

e4en %*)e' no)on%l 5%'))on )he 8on) *%+ly $on)n"e!.

The 5'o5o!)on l%( (o#n n )h! 8"(7+en) ! %l!o no)

hel5*"l n (e$(n7 )he >"e!)on n4ol4e( he'en. The )e)

o* )he A+en(+en) )!el* !ho#! )h%) )he '7h) $on*e''e( y

)he A+en(+en) ! on % 2(%"7h)e' o* % $o5%'$ene'3 #ho !

+e+e' o* % $o5%'$en%'y %n( %l4e on $o++en$e+en) o*

)he A$).

/.:. e %l!o (o no) =n( %ny 'ele4%n$e o* (e$!on! n

State o- "ajasthan vs. Man*ilal Pindwal 12 %n( 3est

4.P. Su*ar Mills )sson. vs. State o- 4.P.19 o' o)he'

!+l%' (e$!on! *o' (e$(n7 )he !!"e n4ol4e( he'en.

The !%( (e$!on! (e%l #)h )he e6e$) o* 'e5e%l o* %

5'o4!on %n( no) )he !!"e o* 'e!)'o!5e$)4)y #)h #h$h

)he Co"') ! $on$e'ne( n )he 5'e!en) $%!e.

/. e no# $o+e )o )he (e$!on! 'ele( "5on y )he

%55ell%n)!. In M. Prithviraj /ase su#ra! )he 4e#

)%;en %55e%'! )o e $on!!)en) #)h #h%) h%! een !%(

%o4e. I) %55e%'! )h%) )h! #%! % n(n7 5'e$e(en) e*o'e

)he Ben$h o* )he H7h Co"') #h$h 5%!!e( )he +5"7ne(

18 (1996) 5 SCC 6019 (2002) 2 SCC 645



o'(e' ") (oe! no) %55e%' )o h%4e een 'e*e''e( )o n )he

+5"7ne( 8"(7+en). J"(7+en)! o* )h! Co"') n Sheela

%evi vs. ,al Chand $0 %n( G. Sekar vs. Geetha$1 %n(

)he 8"(7+en) o* M%('%! H7h Co"') n 5a*irathi vs. S.

Manivanan$$ h%4e een 'ele( "5on )he'en. In Sheela

%evi /ase su#ra! )h! Co"') o!e'4e(G

!&. 'he Act indisputably ould pre/ail o/er theold Hindu :a. We may notice that the

;arliament0 ith a /ie to coner riht upon theemale heirs0 e/en in relation to the *oint amily property0 enacted Hindu Succession Act 0 !""#.Such a pro/ision as enacted as ar bac- in&<= by the State o Andhra ;radesh. 'hesuccession ha/in opened in &<0 e/idently0the pro/isions o Amendment Act 0 !""# ouldha/e no application. Sub7section (&) o Section6 o the Act o/erns the la relatin tosuccession on the death o a coparcener in the

e/ent the heirs are only male descendants. 9ut0the pro/iso appended to Sub7section (&)o Section 6 o the Act creates an e5ception.>irst son o 9abu :al0 /i?.0 :al +hand0 as0 thus0a coparcener. Section 6 is e5ception to theeneral rules. 8t as0 thereore0 obliatory onthe part o the respondents7plaintifs to shothat apart rom :al +hand0 Sohan :al ill alsoderi/e the benet thereo. So ar as the Secondson0 Sohan :al is concerned0 no e/idence hasbeen brouht on records to sho that he as

born prior to comin into orce o HinduSuccession Act 0 &#6.%

20 (2006) 8 SCC 58121 (2009) 6 SCC 99 &ara 3022 IR 2005 +ad 250 ($)

http://indiankanoon.org/doc/685111/




















F"ll Ben$h 8"(7+en) o* Bo+%y H7h Co"') n

5adrinara&an Shankar 5handari Vs. 6m#raskash

Shankar 5handari $( %l!o %55e%'! )o e $on!!)en) #)h

)he 4e# )%;en he'en%o4e.

/.1. In Guru#ad Khanda##a Ma*dum vs. 7ira8ai

Khanda##a Ma*dum/ Sh&ama %evi vs. Manju

Shukla$ %n( )nar %evi vs. Parmeshwari %evi $:

/ases )h! Co"') n)e'5'e)e( )he E5l%n%)on 1 )o Se$)on

,5'o' )o /00 A+en(+en)- o* )he Hn(" S"$$e!!on A$). I)

#%! hel( )h%) )he (ee+n7 5'o4!on 'e*e''n7 )o 5%'))on

o* )he 5'o5e')y ++e(%)ely e*o'e )he (e%)h o* )he

$o5%'$ene' #%! )o e 74en ("e %n( *"ll e6e$) n 4e# o*

!e))le( 5'n$5le o* n)e'5'e)%)on o* % 5'o4!on

n$o'5o'%)n7 % (ee+n7 =$)on. In Sh&ama %evi and

)nar %evi /ases! !%+e 4e# #%! *ollo#e(.

/./. In Vaishali Satish Ganorkar vs. Satish

Keshaorao Ganorkar

$

! )he Bo+%y H7h Co"') hel( )h%)

)he %+en(+en) #ll no) %55ly "nle!! )he (%"7h)e' ! o'n

23 IR 2014 $,+ 151. &aras 405724 (1978) 3 SCC 383 &aras 611 and 1325 (1994) 6 SCC 342 &ara 726 (2006) 8 SCC 656 &aras 101127 IR 2012 $,+ 101 &aras 13 "# 37



%*)e' )he /00 A+en(+en) ") on )h! %!5e$) % (6e'en)

4e# h%! een )%;en n )he l%)e' l%'7e' Ben$h 8"(7+en).

e %'e "n%le )o =n( %ny 'e%!on )o hol( )h%) ')h o* )he

(%"7h)e' %*)e' )he %+en(+en) #%! % ne$e!!%'y $on()on

*o' )! %55l$%l)y. All )h%) ! 'e>"'e( ! )h%) (%"7h)e'

!ho"l( e %l4e %n( he' *%)he' !ho"l( %l!o e %l4e on )he

(%)e o* )he %+en(+en).

/.<. Kale vs. %&. %ire/tor o- Consolidation$2 %n(

%i*am8ar )dhar Patil vs. %evram Girdhar Patil $9

h%4e een $)e( )o !"+) )h%) )he *%+ly !e))le+en) #%!

no) 'e>"'e( )o e 'e7!)e'e(. Santosh 7a;ari vs.

Purushottam iwari (0 l%y! (o#n )h%) )he A55ell%)e Co"')

+"!) (e%l #)h 'e%!on! o* )he )'%l $o"') #hle 'e4e'!n7 )!

=n(n7!.

/. Kannai&an vs. he )ssistant Colle/tor o-

Central <=/ise(1 ! C.'.. Gujarat vs. Keshavlal

,allu8hai Patel

($

! 4ma&al )/hi vs. ,akshmi )/hi

((

%n(

Shiva##a ,a=man vs. Yellawa Shiva##a

28 (1976) 3 SCC 119 &ara 929 (1995) Su&&. 2 SCC 428 a" &ae 43030 (2001) 3 SCC 179 &ara 15.31 1969 (2) +L 27732 (1965) 2 SCR 10033 IR 1945 C 25 a" 31(d)



Shiva*annavar (+ h%4e een $)e( )o $%n4%!! )h%)

5%'))on #%! 'e$o7n)on o* 5'e?e!)n7 '7h)! %n( (( no)

$'e%)e ne# '7h)!.

/. Th! #o"l( no'+%lly h%4e en(e( o"' o'(e' #)h )he

o5e'%)4e 5%') en7 n 5%'% / #h$h (!5o!e! o* C4l

A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< %n( ('e$)! l!)n7 o* o)he'

+%))e'! *o' en7 (e%l) #)h !e5%'%)ely. Ho#e4e' one

+o'e %!5e$) 'el%)n7 )o 7en(e' (!$'+n%)on %7%n!)

+"!l+ #o+en #h$h $%+e "5 *o' $on!(e'%)on nee(! )o

e 7one n)o %! P%') II o* )h! o'(e'.

P%') II

/9. An +5o')%n) !!"e o* 7en(e' (!$'+n%)on #h$h

)ho"7h no) ('e$)ly n4ol4e( n )h! %55e%l h%! een

'%!e( y !o+e o* )he le%'ne( $o"n!el *o' )he 5%')e!

#h$h $on$e'n! '7h)! )o +"!l+ #o+en. D!$"!!on! on

7en(e' (!$'+n%)on le( )o )h! !!"e %l!o. I) #%! 5on)e(

o") )h%) n!5)e o* 7"%'%n)ee o* )he Con!))")on +"!l+

#o+en %'e !"8e$)e( )o (!$'+n%)on. The'e ! no

!%*e7"%'( %7%n!) %')'%'y (4o'$e %n( !e$on( +%''%7e

y he' h"!%n( ("'n7 $"''en$y o* )he ='!) +%''%7e

34 IR 1954 $,+ 47 &ara 4



'e!"l)n7 n (en%l o* (7n)y %n( !e$"')y )o he'. Al)ho"7h

)he !!"e #%! '%!e( e*o'e )h! Co"') n )hmeda8ad

3omen )/tion Grou#)3)G vs. 4nion o- 'ndia( !

)h! Co"') (( no) 7o n)o )he +e')! o* )he (!$'+n%)on

#)h )he o!e'4%)on )h%) )he !!"e n4ol4e( !)%)e 5ol$y

)o e (e%l) #)h y )he le7!l%)"'e<. I) #%! o!e'4e( )h%)

$h%llen7e )o )he M"!l+ o+en ,P'o)e$)on o* R7h)! on

D4o'$e- A$) 1: #%! 5en(n7 e*o'e )he Con!))")on

Ben$h %n( )he'e #%! no 'e%!on )o +"l)5ly 5'o$ee(n7! on

!"$h %n !!"e.

/:. I) ! 5on)e( o") )h%) )he +%))e' nee(! $on!(e'%)on

y )h! Co"') %! )he !!"e 'el%)e! no) +e'ely )o % 5ol$y

+%))e' ") )o *"n(%+en)%l '7h)! o* #o+en "n(e' A')$le!

1 1 %n( /1 %n( n)e'n%)on%l $on4en)on! %n(

$o4en%n)!. One o* )he 'e%!on! *o' )he $o"') h%4n7 no)

7one n)o )he +%))e' #%! 5en(en$y o* %n !!"e e*o'e )he

Con!))")on Ben$h #h$h h%! !n$e een (e$(e( y )h!

Co"') n %anial ,ati> vs. 4nion o- 'ndia(. The

35 (1997) 3 SCC 57336 h's C#ur" re-erred "# "he #/serva"'#ns #- Saha' . 'n Sarla Mudgal vs. Union of India (1995) 3

SCC 635 "ha" a *%'ma"e as reu'red "# /e /u'%" -#r a un'-#rm *'v'% *#de. Re-eren*e as a%s# made "##/serva"'#ns 'n Madhu Kishwar vs. State of ihar (1996 (5) SCC 1!5 "# "he e--e*" "ha" "he *#ur" *#u%d

a" /es" adv'se and -#*us a""en"'#n "# "he &r#/%em 'ns"ead #- &%ay'n an a*"'v's" r#%e.37 (2001) 7 SCC 740



Con!))")on Ben$h (( no) %(('e!! )he !%( !!"e ") )he

Co"') hel( )h%) A')$le /1 n$l"(e( '7h) )o l4e #)h

(7n)y<: #h$h !"55o')! )he 5le% )h%) % +"!l+ #o+%n

$o"l( n4o;e *"n(%+en)%l '7h)! n !"$h +%))e'!. In ?aved

vs. State o- 7ar&ana(9 ! % Ben$h o* )h'ee 8"(7e!

o!e'4e( )h%) 5'%$)$e o* 5oly7%+y ! n8"'o"! )o 5"l$

+o'%l! %n( $%n e !"5e'!e(e( y )he S)%)e 8"!) %!

5'%$)$e o* 2sati@

"

. I) #%! *"')he' o!e'4e( )h%) $on("$)

'"le! 5'o4(n7 *o' +ono7%+y ''e!5e$)4e o* 'el7on %'e

4%l( %n( $o"l( no) e !)'"$; (o#n on )he 7'o"n( o*

4ol%)on o* 5e'!on%l l%# o* +"!l+!1. In ?ohn

38 !ara 33. h's C#ur" 'n Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corpn. [ 1985(3) SCC 545: and

Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1!" #1$ %CC &'"( he%d "ha" "he *#n*e&" #- r'h" "# %'-e and &ers#na% %'/er"y; uaran"eed under r"'*%e 21 #- "he C#ns"'"u"'#n #u%d 'n*%ude "he r'h" "# %'ve '"hd'n'"y;. $e-#re "he *" a +us%'m #man h# as d'v#r*ed /y her hus/and as ran"ed a r'h" "#ma'n"enan*e -r#m her hus/and under "he &r#v's'#ns #- Se*"'#n 125 Cr!C un"'% she may remarry and

su*h a r'h" '- de&r'ved #u%d n#" /e reas#na/%e us" and -a'r. hus "he &r#v's'#ns #- "he *"de&r'v'n "he d'v#r*ed +us%'m #men #- su*h a r'h" "# ma'n"enan*e -r#m her hus/and and &r#v'd'n-#r her ma'n"enan*e "# /e &a'd /y "he -#rmer hus/and #n%y -#r "he &er'#d #- 'dda" and "herea-"er "#ma<e her run -r#m &'%%ar "# &#s" 'n sear*h #- her re%a"'ves #ne a-"er "he #"her and u%"'ma"e%y "# <n#*< a""he d##rs #- "he =a<- $#ard d#es n#" a&&ear "# /e reas#na/%e and -a'r su/s"'"u"e #- "he &r#v's'#ns #- Se*"'#n 125 Cr!C. Su*h de&r'va"'#n #- "he d'v#r*ed +us%'m #men #- "he'r r'h" "# ma'n"enan*e -r#m

"he'r -#rmer hus/ands under "he /ene-'*'a% &r#v's'#ns #- "he C#de #- Cr'm'na% !r#*edure h'*h are#"her'se ava'%a/%e "# a%% #"her #men 'n Ind'a *ann#" /e s"a"ed "# have /een e--e*"ed /y a reas#na/%er'h" us" and -a'r %a and '- "hese &r#v's'#ns are %ess /ene-'*'a% "han "he &r#v's'#ns #- Cha&"er I> #-

"he C#de #- Cr'm'na% !r#*edure a d'v#r*ed +us%'m #man has #/v'#us%y /een unreas#na/%yd's*r'm'na"ed and #" #u" #- "he &r#"e*"'#n #- "he &r#v's'#ns #- "he enera% %a as 'nd'*a"ed under "heC#de h'*h are ava'%a/%e "# ?'ndu $uddh's" a'n !ars' #r Chr's"'an #men #r #men /e%#n'n "#

any #"her *#mmun'"y. The provisions prima facie, therefore, appear to be violative of Article 14 of

the Constitution mandating equality and equal protection of law to all persons otherwise

similarly circumstanced and also violative of Article 15 of the Constitution which prohibits any

discrimination on the ground of religion as the Act would obviously apply to Muslim divorced

women only and solely on the ground of their belonging to the Muslim religion!39 (2003) 8 SCC 36940 !ara 4641 !aras 54 "# 59



Vallamattom vs. 46' +$ ! ) #%! o!e'4e( )h%) Se$)on 11:

o* In(%n S"$$e!!on A$) 1/ 'e!)'$)n7 '7h) o*

$h'!)%n! )o +%;e ll *o' $h%')%le 5"'5o!e #%! #)ho")

%ny '%)on%l %!! #%! (!$'+n%)o'y %7%n!) $h'!)%n!

%n( 4ol%)e( A')$le 1<. L%#! (e%ln7 #)h +%''%7e %n(

!"$$e!!on %'e no) 5%') o* 'el7on. L%# h%! )o $h%n7e

#)h )+e. In)e'n%)on%l $o4en%n)! %n( )'e%)e! $o"l( e

'e*e''e( )o e%+ne 4%l()y %n( 'e%!on%lene!! o* %

5'o4!on.

/. In Charu Khurana vs. 46' + ! )h! Co"') $on!(e'e(

)he !!"e o* 7en(e' (!$'+n%)on n )he +%))e' o* (en%l

o* +e+e'!h5 o* Cne Co!)"+e M%;e?"5 A')!)! %n( H%'

D'e!!e'! A!!o$%)on n =l+ n("!)'y. I) #%! hel( )h%)

!"$h (!$'+n%)on 4ol%)e! %!$ $on!))")on%l '7h)!.

<0. I) #%! )h"! !"+))e( )h%) )h! %!5e$) o* )he +%))e'

+%y e 7one n)o y !e5%'%)ely 'e7!)e'n7 )he +%))e' %!

P"l$ In)e'e!) L)7%)on ,PIL-. e %'e o* )he 4e# )h%) )he

!"77e!)on nee(! $on!(e'%)on n 4e# o* e%'le' (e$!on!

42 (2003) 6 SCC 61143 !aras 28 and 2944 !ara 4445 !aras 33 "# 3646 !aras 30 "# 3247 (2015) 1 SCC 192



o* )h! Co"'). The !!"e h%! %l!o een h7hl7h)e( n 'e$en)

A')$le! %55e%'n7 n )he 5'e!! on )h! !"8e$):.

<1. Fo' )h! 5"'5o!e % PIL e !e5%'%)ely 'e7!)e'e( %n(

5") "5 e*o'e )he %55'o5'%)e Ben$h %! 5e' o'(e'! o*

Hon3le )he Che* J"!)$e o* In(%.

</. No)$e e !!"e( )o le%'ne( A))o'ney ene'%l %n(

N%)on%l Le7%l Se'4$e! A")ho')y Ne# Delh 'e)"'n%le on

/<'( No4e+e' /01. e 74e le')y )o le%'ne( $o"n!el

%l'e%(y %55e%'n7 n )h! +%))e' )o %!!!) )he Co"') on )h!

%!5e$) o* )he +%))e' * )hey #!h )o 4ol"n)ee' *o' e)he'

4e# 5on).

………………………………………………..J. ANIL R. DAVE

………………………………………………..J. ADARSH KUMAR OEL

NE DELHIOCTOBER 1 /01

48 he r'/une; da"ed 24.09.2015 +us%'m =#men@s ues" -#r eua%'"y; /y Aandana Shu<%a andSunday B&ress +aaD'ne; da"ed 04.10.2015 In ?er C#ur"; /y '&"' Ea&au% @S#uDa.



ITEM NO.1A COURT NO.3 SECTION IVA (For judgment)

S U P R E M E C O U R T O F I N D I A RECORD OF PROCEEDINS

C!"!# A$$e%# No(&).'1'*13

PRA+AS, - ORS. A$$e##%nt(&)

VERSUS

P,UAVATI - ORS.Re&$ondent(&)

/IT,SP(C)No.101**0SP(C)No.10'*1*SP(C)No&.0'*20'*3*1*SP(C)No.0'1*11SP(C)No&.1'210*1SP(C)No&.1213***13SP(C)No&.1'4''21'4'0*13SP(C)No.1015*1SP(C)No.451*14SP(C)No.30*4**0

SP(C)No.3**14SP(C)No.450**14SP(C)No.34**11SP(C)No&.1444'214440*14S..P.(C)No........*14 (CC No.1445**14) D%te 6 151**14 T7e&e %$$e%#& 8ere 9%##ed on :or $ronoun9ement o: judgment tod%;.

For A$$e##%nt(&) Mr. An!# C. N!&7%nt<Ad".

Mr. S.N. =7%t<Ad".

Mr. A.+. >o&e$7<Ad". Mr&. Sud7% u$t%<Ad". Mr&. S. U&7% Redd;<Ad".

Mr. N%nd% +!&7ore<Ad". Mr. P.R.+o"!#%n<Ad". M&. eet7% +o"!#%n<Ad".



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

Mr. S7%nt7 +um%r V. M%7%#e<Ad". Mr. Am!t7 >.<Ad". Mr. R%je&7 M%7%#e<Ad".

Mr. R%g7%"endr% S. Sr!"%t&%<Ad".

Mr. C7%rud%tt% Mo7!ndr%?%r<Ad". Mr. A. Se#"!n R%j%<Ad". Mr. An!rudd7% P. M%;ee<Ad".

Mr. P.R. R%m%&e&7<Ad". Mr. An?o#e?%r urud%tt%<Ad". Mr. +.N. R%!<Ad".

Mr&. V%!j%;%nt7! !r!&7<Ad". Mr. . =%#%j!<Ad".

For Re&$ondent(&):or M&. S.M. >%d7%" - Com$%n;<Ad"&. Mr. R%u: R%7!m<Ad". Mr. Sumeet %##<Ad".

Mr. =%#%j! Sr!n!"%&%n<Ad". Mr. M%;%n? +&7!r&%g%r<Ad". M&. Sr!&7t! o"!#<Ad".

M&. V%!&7n%"! Su@r%7m%n;%m<Ad". Mr. Tu&7%r S!ng7<Ad". Mr. V!rendr% S7%rm%<Ad".

Mr. M%njun%t7 Me#ed<Ad". Mr. V!j%;#%m!<Ad". Mr. An!# +um%r<Ad".

Mr. Som!r%n S7%rm%<Ad".

Mr. =. Su@r%7m%n;% Pr%&%d<Ad".

Mr. An!rud7 S%ng%ner!%<Ad". Mr. C7!nm%; De&7$%nde<Ad". Mr. Amj!d M%B=OO<%DV.

Mr. S7%&7!@7u&7%n P. Adg%on?%r<Ad". Mr. T. M%7!$%#<Ad". Mr. .N. Redd;<Ad". Mr. R%j!nder M%t7ur<Ad". Mr. S7%n?%r D!"%te<Ad".

32



C4l A55e%l No.9/19 o* /01< e)$.

Mr&. +. S%r%d% De"!<Ad". M&. %r!m% Pr%&7%d<Ad".

Hon'ble Mr. Justice Adarsh Kumar Goel

pronounced the reportable judgment of the Bench

comprising Hon'ble Mr. Justice Anil R. Dave and

His Lordship.

Civil appeal No.7217/2013 is allowed, all

the pending applications stand disposed of and

the connected Special Leave Petitions may be

listed for hearing separately for consideration

on 24th November, 2015, in terms of signed

Reportable Judgment.

A## t7e $end!ng %$$#!9%t!on& &t%nd d!&$o&ed

o:.

(An!t% M%#7otr%) (Sne7 =%#% Me7r%)

Court M%&ter A&&!&t%nt Reg!&tr%r

(S!gned Re$ort%@#e judgment !& $#%9ed on t7e :!#e)

33

Daughter Should Be Alive and Her Father Should Also Be Alive on the Date of the Amendment to Confer...

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