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EXPRESSIONS, OPERANDSAND

OPERATORS

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EXPRESSIONS

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OPERANDS

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OPERATORS

Perform an operation on operands

d1 && d2 // && operates onoperands d1 and d2

!a[0]

B1>>1

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OPERATORTYPESANDSYMBOLS

Operator Type Operator Symbol Operation Performed Number of OperandsArithmetic *

/

+

-

%

**

multiply

divide

add

subtract

modulus

power (exponent)

two

two

two

two

two

twoLogical !

&&

||

logical negation

logical and

logical or

one

two

two

Relational >

=

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Operator Type Operator Symbol Operation Performed Number of Operands

Bitwise ~

&

|

^^~ or ~^

bitwise negation

bitwise and

bitwise or

bitwise xorbitwise xnor

one

two

two

twotwo

Reduction &

~&

|

~|^

^~ or ~^

reduction and

reduction nand

reduction or

reduction norreduction xor

reduction xnor

one

one

one

oneone

one

Shift >>

>>

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LOGICALOPERATORS

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EQUALITYOPERATORS

// A = 4, B = 3

// X = 4'b1010, Y = 4'b1101

// Z = 4'b1xxz, M = 4'b1xxz, N = 4'b1xxx

A == B // Results in logical 0

X != Y // Results in logical 1

X == Z // Results in x

Z === M // Results in logical 1 (all bits match, including x and z)

Z === N // Results in logical 0 (least significant bit does not match)

M !== N // Results in logical 1

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BITWISEOPERATORS

Bitwise operators are negation (~), and(&), or (|),

xor (^), xnor (^~, ~^).

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REDUCTIONOPERATORS

Reduction operators are and (&), nand (~&), or (|),

nor (~|), xor (^), and xnor (~^, ^~).

perform a bitwise operation on a single vector

operand and yield a 1-bit result.

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SHIFTOPERATORS

Shift operators are right shift ( >>), left shift (>), and arithmetic left shift

(

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CONCATENATIONOPERATOR

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REPLICATIONOPERATOR

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OPERATORPRECEDENCE

Operators Operator Symbols Precedence

Unary + - ! ~ Highest precedence

Multiply, Divide,

Modulus

* / %

Add, Subtract + -

Shift >

Relational < >=

Equality == != === !==

Reduction &, ~&

^ ^~

|, ~|Logical &&

||

Conditional ?: Lowest precedence