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Data Modeling
March-2005 Data Modeling | 2.15.02
Objectives
• The participants will be able to :– Explain Data Modeling– Know uses of Data Modeling– Describe the Basic Components of a Data Model– Know Data Modeler/ABAP Dictionary Terminology– Know about Optionality and Cardinality– Use SAP Graphic Notation and SAP Text Notation– Explain Data Model Hierarchies and the SAP EDM– Link a data model to dictionary objects
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What is Data Modeling?
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Data Dictionary
Real World
DataDataDictionaryDictionary
Data Model
Uses of a Data Model
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Basic Components of a Data Model
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EntityEntityCustomer
AttributeAttribute
30 S. 17th St.
Entity TypeEntity Type
Order
Entity
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Customer
Order
Product
Attribute
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J. ElkinsJ. Elkins
Customer30 S. 17th St.30 S. 17th St.30 S. 17th St.30 S. 17th St.
215-555-8000215-555-8000215-555-8000215-555-8000
Entity Type
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Order
CustomerProduct
Data Modeler / ABAP Dictionary Terminology
Data Modeler ABAP Dictionary
Customer: entity recordCustomer address: attribute fieldCustomers: entity type table
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Relationships between Entities
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Customer
Order
Cardinality
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One - to - Many
Many - to - ManyOne - to - One
Many-to-Many Relationships
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Order
Order Lines
1 1 A26Order # Qty
Part #
1 3 C589
2 1 A26
Primary Key: Order Number
Primary Key: Product Number
Primary Keys: Order Number Product Number
Optionality
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?
Customer Order
?Customer
Referenced and Dependent Entity Types
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Dependent Entity Type
Referenced Entity Type
Customer ID Name Address . . .
Order ID Date of Order Customer ID . . .
Customer
Order
Referenced
Dependent
SAP Graphic Notation
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Example Using Graphic Notation
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Customers Orders
Practice Using Graphic Notation I
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Professors
Students
Practice Using Graphic Notation II
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Professors
Students
Practice Using Graphic Notation III
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StudentsEnrolmentRecords
Courses
SAP Graphic Notation with Text Notation
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1
C
N
CN
SAP Text Notation
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1
C
N
CN
1
C
N
CN
1
C
1
C
n n : : m mn n : : m m
Example Using Text Notation
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Customers Orders
1 CN:
Practice Using Text Notation I
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Students
Professors
:
Practice Using Text Notation II
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Students
Professors
:
Practice Using Text Notation III
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StudentsEnrolmentRecords
Courses
:
Category
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Referential
Hierarchical
Aggregating
?
Conditional-Referential
Specialisation
Relationship Category: Hierarchical
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Department
Key:Department Number
Course
Key:Department Number
Course Number
Relationship Category: Aggregating
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Student
Key:Student ID Number Enrollment Record
Key:Student ID Number
Course NumberCourse
Key:Course Number
Relationship Category: Referential
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Department
Key: Department Number
Professor
Key:Professor Number
Relationship Category: Conditional-Referential
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Department
Key: Department Number
Professor
Key:Professor Number
Relationship Category: Specialization
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Business Customer
Key:ID Number
Customer
Key:ID Number
Data Model Hierarchies and the SAP EDM
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GeneralAccounting
Chart ofAccounts Currency
FI
. . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
Linking a Data Model to ABAP Dictionary Objects
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DataDataDictionaryDictionary
Data Model
Summary•A data model is a graphical representation of the information that is to be stored and processed by a system.
•SAP comes with its own data model, called the Enterprise Data Model (EDM), that describes the data design of the SAP system.
•The basic components of a data model are Entities, Attributes & Entity types.
•The cardinality of a relationship describes the number of entities of one type that relate to entities of other types.
•The optionality of a relationship describes whether or not entities of one type must refer to entities of another type.
•Data models in SAP can be organised hierarchically.•The SAP Data Modeler is integrated with the ABAP Dictionary.
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Questions
•What is a data model ?•What is SAP's data model called ?•What are the basic components of a data model ?
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