DATA Raw materials

Unprocessed information

Not useful for business decision making

Always use as input of an Information System

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Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

INFORMATIONProcessed dataOrganized in a meaningful wayUseful for business decision makingCan be used as data (refine input) for producing even better information.

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Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

Data refers to isolated facts concerning things such as people, objectives, events or things.

Information is data that have been processed and presented in a form suitable for human interpretation. This could be organized or summarized data for certain purpose.

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Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Relevant for its purposeSufficiently accurate for its purposeComplete enough for the problemFrom the source in which the user has confidenceCommunicated to the right personCommunicated in time for its purposeWhich contains the right level of detail

> Communicated by an appropriate channel of communicationWhich is understandable by the user

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Information has many characteristics and can be classified in many ways. Such as:

By Source (Internal, External, Primary, Secondary, Government Agency)

By Nature (Formal, Informal, Quantitative, Qualitative)

By Management Level (Strategic, Tactical, Operational)

By Time (Historical, Present, Future)

By Frequency (Continuous [real time]), Hourly, Daily, Monthly, Yearly)

By Form (Written. Oral, Nonverbal)

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Let us understand what we really mean by the term system’ before we move on to ‘information system’.

A system is “an organized, purposeful structure that consists of interrelated and interdependent elements (components, entities, factors, members, parts etc.). These elements continually influence one another (directly or indirectly) to maintain their activity and the existence of the system, in order to achieve the goal of the system.”

Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/system.html#ixzz2fgxqHWEg

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Solar System Human Body System

Operating System Order Processing System

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Study the diagramand I am sure you shall be able to explain the term“Information System”.for yourself!

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Information system is “a combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organization.”

Read more: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/information-system.html#ixzz2fhC95zNI

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Environment

Environment

Information System-Processing

-Classify-Arrange

-Calculate

Input Output

Suppliers

Customers

Feedback

Reg. Agencies Competitors

Stockholders

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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The key functions of an information systems are:

Input - captures or collects raw data from within the organization or from its external environments.

Processing - converts this raw input into a meaningful form.

Output - transfers the processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used.

Information Systems also require feedback, which is output that is returned to appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct the input stage.

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

13An information system is made of the above components

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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>Transaction Processing System>Management Information System>Decision Support System>Executive Support System>Sales and Marketing Information System>Human Resource Information System>Accounting Information System>Inventory Management System>Parcel Tracking System> Order Processing System

and many more……..

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Shape data into information Contain information about: People,

Place, and things Support decision making Support coordinating & controlling Support analyzing problems Create new products

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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POSITIVE IMPACT Information systems can calculate or

process paperwork much faster than people

Information systems can help companies learn more about the patterns and preferences of their customers

Information systems provide new efficiencies through services such as automated teller machines (ATMs), telephone systems, or computer controlled airplanes and air terminals

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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POSITIVE IMPACT Information systems have made possible

new medical advances in surgery, radiology,

and patient monitoring

The Internet distributes information instantly to

millions of people across the world

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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NEGATIVE IMPACT By automating activities that were

previously performed by people, information systems may eliminate jobs.

Information systems may allow organizations to collect personal details about people that violate their privacy

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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NEGATIVE IMPACT Information system are used in so many

aspects of everyday life that system outages can cause shutdowns of businesses or transportation services

Heavy user of information systems may suffer repetitive stress injury, techno stress, and other health problems

The Internet can be used to distribute illegal copies of software, books, articles, and other intellectual property

Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Associate Professor of MIS

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An organized approach to the study of the information needs of an organization's management at every level in making operational, tactical, and strategic decisions. Its objective is to design and implement procedures, processes, and routines that provide suitably detailed reports in an accurate, consistent, and timely manner.In a management information system, modern, computerized systems continuously gather relevant data, both from inside and outside an organization. This data is then processed, integrated, and stored in a centralized database (or data warehouse) where it is constantly updated and made available to all who have the authority to access it, in a form that suits their purpose.