Data and Database Administration

CISB514 Advanced Database

Data Administration &

Database Administration

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Learning outcomesAt the end of this lecture, you should be able

to:Define terms related to data & database

administrationList several major functions of

data/database administrationDescribe the changing roles of the data and

database administrator in the current business environment

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Administration DefinitionsData Administration: A high-level function

that is responsible for the overall management of data resources in an organization, including maintaining corporate-wide definitions and standards

Database Administration: A technical function that is responsible for physical database design and for dealing with technical issues such as security enforcement, database performance, and backup and recovery

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Data Administration Functions1. Data policies, procedures, standards2. Planning3. Data conflict (ownership) resolution4. Managing the information repository5. Internal marketing of DA concepts

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Data Administration FunctionsData policies, procedures, standards

Data Policies: statements that make explicit the goals of DA Every user must have a valid password

Data procedure: written outlines of actions to be taken to perform certain activity

Data Standard: explicit conventions and behaviors that are to be followed and that can be used to help evaluate database quality Minimum characters for password: 8

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Data Administration FunctionsPlanning

Provide leadership in developing the organization’s Information Architecture (IA)

Requires both an understanding the needs of the organization for data and information and the ability to lead the development of an information architecture

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Data Administration FunctionsData conflict (ownership) resolution

Who owns the data?DA: suitable person because DA is not associated with a certain department

Procedures must be established

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Data Administration FunctionsManaging the information repository

Repositories contain metadata describe an organization’s data and data processing resources

Replacing Data DictionariesServes as an essential source of information and

functionality for: Users: who must understand data definitions, business

rules and relationships among data objects CASE tools used to specify and develop IS Applications that access and manipulate data DBMS: maintain the repository and update system

privileges, passwords, object definitions

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Data Administration FunctionsInternal marketing of DA concepts

The importance of procedures and policies

Effective internal marketing reduce resistance to change and data ownership problems

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Database Administration Functions1. Analyzing and designing databases2. Selection of DBMS and software tools3. Installing/upgrading DBMS4. Tuning database performance5. Improving query processing performance6. Managing data security, privacy, and

integrity7. Data backup and recovery

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Database Administration FunctionsAnalyzing and designing databases

Prioritizing application transactions by volume, importance and complexity

Specifications should be reviewed as quickly as the transactions are developed

Selection of DBMS and software toolsEstablish policies regarding the DBMS and

related system software that will be supported within the organization

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Database Administration FunctionsInstalling/upgrading DBMS

All the correct versions of different modules are in place, all the proper device drivers are present and the DBMS works correctly with any third party software products

User accounts must be created and maintained.Tuning database performance

Performance of a database (query and update processing time as well as data storage utilization) needs to be monitored

Design of a database must be frequently changed to meet new requirements

Database rebuilt, reorganized, and re-indexed: recover wasted space and to correct poor data allocation and fragmentation

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Traditional Database Administration FunctionsImproving query processing performance

Queries may need to be rewritten in a more efficient form

Index may need to be added or deletedData may need to be relocated to different

devicesManaging data security, privacy, and integrityData backup and recovery

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Functions of DA & DBADATABASE PLANNING

Develop corporate database strategy/policies

Develop enterprise model (information architecture)

Develop cost/benefit models

Design database environment/select technologies

Develop and market data administration plan

DATABASE ANALYSIS

Define and model data requirements (conceptual)

Define and model business rules

Define operational requirements

Resolve requirements conflicts

Maintain corporate data dictionary/repository

DA

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Functions of DA & DBADATABASE DESIGN

Perform logical database design

Design external model (sub schemas)

Design internal (physical) models

Design integrity controls

DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION

Specify database access policies

Establish security controls

Install DBMS

Supervise database loading

Specify test procedures

Develop application programming standards

Establish procedures for backup and recovery

Conduct user training

DBA

DA/DBA

DBA

DA/DBA

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Functions of DA & DBAOPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

Backup and recover databases

Upgrade DBMS

Monitor database performance

Tune and reorganize databases

Resolve access conflict

Tune and rewrite queries

Enforce standards and procedures

Support users

GROWTH AND CHANGE

Implement change-control procedure

Plan growth and change

Evaluate new technology

DBA

DA/DBA

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Trends in Database AdministrationTrends and new skills needed:

Increased used of procedural logicTriggers, stored proceduresEnsure it is well planned, tested,

implemented, shared and reusedProliferation of e-business applications

Able to manage applications and database that are Internet enabled.

Increase use of Smart phonesHow to design personal DB, how to manage

data synchronization.

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Data Warehouse Administration

New role, coming with the growth in data warehouses

Similar to DA/DBA rolesEmphasis on integration and coordination

of metadata/data across many data sourcesSpecific roles:

Support DSS applicationsManage data warehouse growthEstablish service level agreements

regarding data warehouses and data marts

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Open Source DBMSs

DEFINITION:Free DBMS source code software that provides

the core functionality of an SQL-compliant DBMS

An alternative to proprietary packages such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, or Microsoft Access

mySQL is an example of an open-source DBMSAdvantages:

Less expensive than proprietary packagesSource code available, for modificationHave different version (simple to complex, free to

some cost(additional features)No additional cost for copies or licensing

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Open Source DBMSs

Disadvantages:Absence of complete documentation

Ambiguous licensing concernsNot as feature-rich as proprietary DBMSs

Vendors may not have certification programs

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

Open Source DBMSsConsider these factors when choosing an open source DBMS:FeaturesSupportEase-of-useStabilitySpeedTrainingLicensing

Information in this slides were taken from Modern Database Management System, Tenth edition by Jeffrey A.Hoffer, V.Ramesh & Heikki Topi.

END OF CHAPTER