Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard ...7. Access: Non-Emergent Use of Emergency...

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Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard: Parkland Health & Hospital System

Transcript of Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard ...7. Access: Non-Emergent Use of Emergency...

Page 1: Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard ...7. Access: Non-Emergent Use of Emergency Departments, 2010. Disparity Ratios for 2010 Non-Emergent Use of EDs. 18.3 24.1 22.9

Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard: Parkland Health & Hospital System

Page 2: Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard ...7. Access: Non-Emergent Use of Emergency Departments, 2010. Disparity Ratios for 2010 Non-Emergent Use of EDs. 18.3 24.1 22.9

Health Outcomes

Mortality

Years of Potential Life Lost

Infant Mortality

Low Birth Weight Births

General Health Status

Morbidity

Mental Health Status

Health Factors

Health Risk Behaviors

Cancer Screening

Mammogram

Pap Test

Colon Cancer Screening

Violence and Injury PreventionMortality

ED Visits for Injuries

High Risk Sexual BehaviorHIV/STD Rates

Teen Birth RateTobacco Use

Alcohol Use

Diet and Exercise

Access to Clinical Care

Percent Uninsured

Percent with Personal Physician

Physician-to-Population Ratio

Emergency Department UseQuality of Clinical

Care Prevention Quality Indicators

Model for Determining Community Health

Dashboard

Page 3: Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard ...7. Access: Non-Emergent Use of Emergency Departments, 2010. Disparity Ratios for 2010 Non-Emergent Use of EDs. 18.3 24.1 22.9

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Letter Grade

Disparity Ratio

Interpretation

A 1.0-1.4 Little or no disparity.

B 1.5-1.9 A disparity exists and should be monitored, and may require intervention.

C 2.0-2.4 The disparity requires intervention.

D 2.5-2.9 Major interventions are needed.

F ≥3.0 Urgent interventions are needed.

ReferenceGroup

The group with the best rates (and 20 or more cases). It is the group to which all other groups are compared and therefore will not receive a rating.

Not Enough Data

Groups with less than 20 cases or events during time period. Disparity ratios and ratings are not calculated for populations with less than 20 cases pr events during the comparison time period.

Legend for Disparity Ratios and Letter Grades

Source: New Mexico Department of Health, 2010 Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, http://www.health.state.nm.us/dpp/DPPR.htm accessed 9-15-11

The Disparities Ratio is the score for the disparate group over the reference group. The reference group is the group with the best rates. For example, if Hispanics have the best rate for a measure, with 150 cases per 1000 (making them the reference group), and Whites have a rate of 300 per 1000, 300/150=2.0, so the disparity ratio for Whites would be 2.0, meaning their rate is twice as high as the lowest rate.

Page 4: Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard ...7. Access: Non-Emergent Use of Emergency Departments, 2010. Disparity Ratios for 2010 Non-Emergent Use of EDs. 18.3 24.1 22.9

Access to Care

Access To Clinical Care

Percent Without Health

Insurance Coverage

Percent of Adults With a

Personal Doctor

Non-Emergent Use of

Emergency Departments

White African Amer-ican

His-panic

Other Race

Male Fe-male

< HS HS Grad

SomeCol-lege

Col-legeGrad

Refer-ence D F

Not Enough

Data

Refer-ence A F F F Refer-

ence

Refer-ence A B

Not Enough

DataA Refer-

ence B A Refer-ence

Refer-ence

Refer-ence A A A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

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Access: Percent Without Health Insurance Ages 18+, 2009-10

Disparity Ratios for 2009-2010 Combined Dallas County Percent

Without Health Insurance

11.5

27.0

53.9

21.8

28.7

64.6

37.2

20.7

5.6

25.2

12.1

25.2

47.3

12.9

24.0 24.3

55.7

33.0

20.4

8.5

24.1

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

Whi

te

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His

pani

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Fem

ale

Less

than

HS

HS

dipl

oma

som

e co

llege

colle

ge g

rad

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

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Less

than

HS

HS

dipl

oma

Som

e co

llege

Col

lege

gra

d

Texa

s

Percent

Dallas County, 2009-2010 Combined

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Program.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 0.0

State of Texas, 2009-2010 Combined

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 2.35 D

Hispanic 4.69 F

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male Reference

Female 1.32 A

< High School 11.54 F

High School Grad 6.64 F

SomeCollege 3.70 F

College Grad Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Access: Percent of Adults With a Personal Doctor, 2009-10

Disparity Ratios for 2009-2010 Combined Dallas County Percent

With a Personal Doctor

87.5

78.6

44.4

68.174.0

42.0

57.1

82.5 82.5

71.1

83.8

77.1

60.5

77.271.8

79.4

56.4

70.2

78.6

84.7

75.7

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

Whi

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His

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Fem

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Less

than

HS

HS

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Som

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llege

Col

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Dal

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Cou

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His

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Oth

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Less

than

HS

HS

dipl

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Som

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llege

Col

lege

gra

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Texa

s

Percent

Dallas County, 2009-2010 Combined

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Program.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 83.9

State of Texas, 2009-2010 Combined

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.11 A

Hispanic 1.97 B

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 1.09 A

Female Reference

< High School 1.96 B

High School Grad 1.44 A

SomeCollege Reference

College Grad Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Access: Non-Emergent Use of Emergency Departments, 2010

Disparity Ratios for 2010 Non-Emergent Use of EDs

18.3

24.122.9

21.6 22.1

19.0

24.422.7

20.4 21.3

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

Whi

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Cou

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Am

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His

pani

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Oth

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Tarra

nt C

ount

y

Percent

2010 Dallas County

Source: DFW Hospital Council ED dataset, 2010, non-emergent percentage determined by NYU ED Algorithm.

2010 Tarrant County

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.32 A

Hispanic 1.25 A

Other 1.18 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A N/A

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Quality of Care

Quality of

Clinical Care

Preven-tion

Quality Indicators

Preventable Hospitalizations – Diabetes PQIs

Diabetes Short Term Comp

Diabetes Long Term Comp

Diabetes Lower Extremity

Amputations

Uncontrolled Diabetes

Preventable Hospitalizations –

Cardiovascular PQIs

Hypertension

Congestive Heart Failure

Angina w/o Procedure

Preventable Hospitalizations –

Chronic Pulmonary PQIs

Adult Asthma

COPD

Preventable Hospitalizations –Acute/Infectious Disease PQIs

Urinary Tract Infection

Bacterial Pneumonia

Dehydration

Perforated Appendix

White African Amer-ican

His-panic

Other Race

Male Female

B F A Refer-ence

Refer-ence A

Refer-ence F C A A Refer-

ence

Refer-ence F F Refer-

ence B Refer-ence

Refer-ence F B C Refer-

ence A

Refer-ence F A B Refer-

ence A

Refer-ence D A A A Refer-

ence

Refer-ence A A

Not Enough

Data

Refer-ence A

B D Refer-ence A Refer-

ence D

F F A Refer-ence

Refer-ence A

A A A Refer-ence

Refer-ence B

A A Refer-ence A Refer-

ence A

B C Refer-ence A Refer-

ence A

A A Refer-ence A Refer-

ence A

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Quality of Care

Quality of

Clinical Care

Preven-tion

Quality Indicators

Preventable Hospitalizations – Pediatric PQIs

Pediatric Asthma

Pediatric Diabetes Short

Term Comp

Pediatric Gastroenteritis

Pediatric Perforated Appendix

Percentage

Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection

White African American

Hispanic Other Race

Reference F A C

D C Reference Not Enough Data

Reference A A Not Enough Data

A Reference A B

Reference A A Not Enough Data

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Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsDiabetes Short-Term

Complications (Adult)Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas

County Diabetes Short Term Complications Discharge Rate

50.8

133.5

40.333.7

53.959.0

56.666.2

141.3

47.4

19.0

63.8

43.1

125.5

39.2

23.6

51.6 49.1

135.0

59.2

46.2

59.7

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

160.0

Whi

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Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.51 B

African American 3.96 F

Hispanic 1.19 A

Other Reference

Male Reference

Female 1.10 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsPerforated Appendix Percentage

(Adult)Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas

County Perforated Appendix Discharge Percentage

29.5

26.526.2

38.0

31.2

23.9

28.426.7

24.125.3

23.826.0

28.627.8

27.1

29.628.0

25.723.4

28.6

34.2

27.6

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

Whi

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Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.12 A

African American 1.01 A

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.45 A

Male 1.31

Female Reference A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsDiabetes Long-Term Complications

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Diabetes Long Term

Complications Discharge Rate

81.5

270.3

176.5

101.4

137.6121.5

133.3

98.2

303.7

196.1

81.5

130.4

92.2

236.9

150.7

67.4

125.9

70.0

184.1219.6

81.5

151.3

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

Whi

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Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 3.32 F

Hispanic 2.17 C

Other 1.25 A

Male 1.13 A

Female Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsChronic Obstructive Pulmonary

Disease (COPD)Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas

County Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Discharge Rate

197.3201.8

68.063.0

144.4160.9

167.4

245.9

208.8

81.662.6

211.1219.3

187.9

71.259.4

168.0 161.8155.4

87.3

205.5

127.3

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

Whi

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Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 3.13 F

African American 3.20 F

Hispanic 1.08 A

Other Reference

Male Reference

Female 1.11 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsHypertension

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Hypertension Discharge Rate

43.1

205.8

58.566.6

62.9

81.476.9

47.7

224.8

57.255.5

70.6

41.5

176.0

49.939.9

66.6

41.5

205.4

87.6103.6

76.9

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

Whi

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Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 4.77 F

Hispanic 1.36 A

Other 1.54 B

Male Reference

Female 1.30 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsCongestive Heart Failure

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Congestive Heart Failure

Discharge Rate

272.4

703.3

337.8286.9

351.0311.9

358.0321.3

638.8

350.9

194.8

353.8

298.7

646.8

274.7

200.6

351.6

223.5

534.8

367.2

593.3

318.0

0.0

100.0

200.0

300.0

400.0

500.0

600.0

700.0

800.0

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Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 2.58 D

Hispanic 1.24 A

Other 1.05 A

Male 1.13 A

Female Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsDehydration

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Dehydration Discharge Rate

71.4

97.9

45.9

56.254.0

69.068.0

62.8

93.3

57.9

41.7

61.2

77.084.2

42.241.5

64.668.7

78.070.3

68.967.8

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

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Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.56 B

African American 2.13 C

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.22 A

Male Reference

Female 1.28 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsBacterial Pneumonia

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Bacterial Pneumonia

Discharge Rate

256.

3 276.

5

216.

022

3.5

221.

3 238.

124

8.3

329.

3

379.

7

254.

1

183.

9

314.

9

264.

4

248.

8

182.

7

160.

2

231.

1

186.

2

183.

0

216.

7

327.

5

200.

4

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

400.0

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ale

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.19 A

African American 1.28 A

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.03 A

Male Reference

Female 1.08 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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18

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsUrinary Tract Infections

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Urinary Tract Infection

Discharge Rate

202.

923

9.9

230.

419

9.4

125.

824

2.5

208.

3

220.

6

262.

3

224.

3

193.

7 221.

7

226.

1

221.

2

171.

0

144.

7

204.

4

131.

3 159.

5

200.

4

146.

2 163.

8

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.02 A

African American 1.20 A

Hispanic 1.16 A

Other Reference

Male Reference

Female 1.93 B

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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19

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsAngina Without Procedure

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Angina Without Procedure

Discharge Rate

7.6

11.1

9.1

6.58.0 8.0 8.4

12.9

17.3

12.7

8.1

13.1

8.1

23.7

10.3

4.6

11.0

7.6

15.7

11.1

23.6

10.4

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.45 A

Hispanic 1.19 A

Other Not Enough Data

Male Reference

Female 1.01 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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20

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsUncontrolled Diabetes

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Uncontrolled Diabetes

Discharge Rate

10.1

35.4

18.7

23.4

16.016.9 16.9

10.3

49.8

13.1

7.6

14.7

8.4

38.2

15.9

5.7

14.811.6

28.5

35.0

16.9

24.9

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 3.51 F

Hispanic 1.85 B

Other 2.32 C

Male Reference

Female 1.05 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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21

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsAdult Asthma

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Adult Asthma Discharge

Rate

109.

519

4.8

65.4 73

.355

.815

4.7

113.

0

110.

2

214.

1

87.1

59.4

111.

3

85.6

155.

7

52.1

51.9

83.2 86.6

134.

5

86.2

109.

5

88.6

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.67 B

African American 2.98 D

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.12 A

Male Reference

Female 2.77 D

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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22

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsLower Extremity Amputation

Among DiabeticsDisparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas

County Lower Extremity Amputation Discharge Rate

25.6

88.9

86.4

25.6

57.3

32.2

45.9

20.9

62.9

58.4

10.1

28.4

19.2

53.4

35.6

13.7

28.2

15.1

36.5

74.2

30.6

46.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 3.48 F

Hispanic 3.38 F

Other Reference

Male 1.78 B

Female Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Comparedto Four Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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23

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsPediatric Asthma

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Pediatric Asthma

Discharge Rate

55.8

267.

9

61.7

111.

510

4.4

26.8

108.

8

34.4

9.5

41.2

32.5

77.8

26.0 39

.1

37.5

84.6

174.

788

.8

124.

5

95.4

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 4.80 F

Hispanic 1.10 A

Other 2.00 C

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

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24

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsDiabetes Short Term

Complications (Pediatric)Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Pediatric Diabetes Short Term Complications Discharge

Rate

17.1

14.7

6.4

11.510.9

12.5

19.7

6.0

4.0

10.810.0

7.9

2.9

9.6

6.17.6

8.8

6.4

2.5

6.8

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 2.67 D

African American 2.30 C

Hispanic Reference

Other Not Enough Data

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

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25

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsPediatric Gastroenteritis

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Pediatric Gastroenteritis

Discharge Rate

28.4

35.230.6

26.9

10.9

30.8

48.0

25.0

9.3

30.1

48.1

24.828.0

24.831.5

42.737.5

70.1

124.4

63.3

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.24 A

Hispanic 1.08 A

Other Not Enough Data

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

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26

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsPerforated Appendix Percentage

(Pediatric)Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas

County Pediatric Perforated Appendix Percentage

Discharge Rate

32.230.3

42.5

48.5

39.7

18.320.6

35.8

0.0

26.3 26.228.4

39.9

32.635.2

45.9

25.0

45.944.4

45.5

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Percent

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.06 A

African American Reference

Hispanic 1.40 A

Other 1.60 B

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

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27

Risk Factors: Preventable HospitalizationsPediatric Urinary Tract Infection

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Urinary Tract Infection

Discharge Rate

37.138.2

51.857.7

46.6

16.6

9.4

26.1

6.1

18.7

49.3

30.5

54.3

69.8

50.2

39.233.8

58.3

92.0

53.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarr

ant T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris T

OTA

L

Whi

te

Afr

Am

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bex

ar T

OTA

L

Age-Sex-Adjusted Discharges per 100,000

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.24 A

Hispanic 1.08 A

Other Not Enough Data

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 Dallas County

2009 Harris County

Source: Hospital Discharges – Texas Healthcare Information Council, Population for denominators – Texas State Demographer

2009 Tarrant County

2009 Bexar County

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Health Risk Behaviors –Cancer Screening

Cancer Screening

Mammo-gram

Pap Test

Colon Cancer Screening

White AfricanAmer-ican

His-panic

Other Male Female < HS HS Grad

SomeCollege

College Grad

Refer-ence A

Not Enough

Data

Not Enough

DataN/A N/A

Not Enough

DataA A Reference

Refer-ence A A

Not Enough

DataN/A N/A A A A Reference

Refer-ence A

Not Enough

Data

Not Enough

DataA Reference C A A Reference

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29

Screenings: Percent of Women Age 40 and Older Who Had a Mammogram in the Past Two

Years, 2009-10Disparity Ratios for 2009-2010

Combined Dallas County Percent of Women Age 40+ Who Had a

Mammogram in the Past Two Years79.474.9 75.5

72.1

83.1

76.7 72.6 71.1 69.5

63.2 63.267.3 72.0

78.1

71.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Less

than

HS

HS

dipl

oma

Som

e co

llege

Col

lege

gra

d

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Less

than

HS

HS

dipl

oma

Som

e co

llege

Col

lege

gra

d

Texa

s

Percent

Dallas County, 2009-2010 Combined

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Program.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 81.1

State of Texas, 2009-2010 Combined

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.06 A

HispanicNot

Enough Data

OtherNot

Enough Data

< High School

Not Enough

Data

High School Grad 1.10 A

SomeCollege 1.15 A

College Grad Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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30

Screenings: Percent of Women Age 18 and Older Who Had a Pap Test in the Past Three

Years, 2009-10Disparity Ratios for 2009-2010

Combined Dallas County Percent of Women Age 18+ Who Had a Pap Test

in the Past Three Years81.4 80.4

80.8

65.4

86.8

72.3

92.1

81.0 82.2 82.578.9

70.8 72.2 74.280.5

89.3

80.4

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

less

than

HS

HS

dipl

oma

som

e co

llege

colle

ge g

rad

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

less

than

HS

HS

dipl

oma

som

e co

llege

colle

ge g

rad

TX T

OTA

L

Percent

Dallas County, 2009-2010 Combined

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Program.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 93.0

State of Texas, 2009-2010 Combined

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.01 A

Hispanic 1.01 A

OtherNot

Enough Data

< High School 1.41 A

High School Grad 1.06 A

SomeCollege 1.27 A

College Grad Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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31

Screenings: Percent of adults age 50 and over who have ever had a sigmoidoscopy or

colonoscopy, 2009-2010Disparity Ratios for 2009-2010 Combined

Dallas County Percent of Adults Who Have Ever Had a Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy

65.5

57.0 56.4

63.5

30.5

53.4

66.770.3

60.265.0

57.2

43.848.1

57.260.4

40.7

56.361.7

67.1

58.9

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Less

than

HS

HS

dipl

oma

Som

e co

llege

Col

lege

gra

d

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Less

than

HS

HS

dipl

oma

Som

e co

llege

Col

lege

gra

d

Texa

s

Percent

Dallas County, 2009-2010 Combined

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Program.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 50.0

State of Texas, 2009-2010 Combined

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.15 A

HispanicNot

Enough Data

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 1.13 A

Female Reference

< High School 2.30 C

High School Grad 1.32 A

SomeCollege 1.05 A

College Grad Reference

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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Violence and Injury Prevention

Mortality and Injury

All Unintentional Injuries Death Rate

Motor Vehicle Crash Death Rate

Falls Death Rate

Falls Death Rate Age 65+

Unintentional Poisoning Death Rate

Suicide Death Rate

Homicide Death Rate

ED Visits for Injuries

Health Risk Behaviors – Violence and Injury Prevention

White AfricanAmerican

Hispanic Other

A Reference ANot

Enough Data

B Reference ANot

Enough Data

ReferenceNot

Enough Data

Not Enough

Data

Not Enough

Data

ReferenceNot

Enough Data

Not Enough

Data

Not Enough

Data

ReferenceNot

Enough Data

Not Enough

Data

Not Enough

Data

F A ReferenceNot

Enough Data

Reference F CNot

Enough Data

A B Reference A

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33

Risk Factors: All Unintentional Injuries Mortality Rates

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County All Accidental Injuries

Mortality Rate

33.1

22.626.3

13.1

36.1

19.5

27.5

54.0

26.329.0

33.0

55.2

27.9

41.439.0

35.5

31.9

50.2

22.8

36.1

44.3

39.1

31.7

20.8

53.0

26.1

39.2

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

2009 DallasCounty

2004 DallasCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, except 2009, deaths from Bureau of Vital Statistics and denominator population data from Claritas, Inc.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 36.0

2008 Texas

2004 Texas

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.47 A

African American Reference

Hispanic 1.16 A

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 1.85 B

Female Reference

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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34

Risk Factors: Auto Accident Mortality Rates

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Auto Accident Mortality Rate

10.6

7.07.1

4.0

11.0

4.9

8.0

20.2

9.711.0

14.2

22.1

8.6

15.3

13.313.6

17.9

20.4

8.2

14.4

18.516.7

16.0

11.2

24.1

10.4

17.1

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, except 2009, deaths from Bureau of Vital Statistics and denominator population data from Claritas, Inc.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 12.4

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 DallasCounty

2004 DallasCounty

2008 Texas

2004 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.52 B

African American Reference

Hispanic 1.02 A

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 2.26 C

Female Reference

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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35

Risk Factors: Falls Mortality Rates

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Falls Mortality Rate

10.2

6.1

10.2

6.7

11.1

8.2

9.48.9

2.4

6.46.2

9.3

6.3

7.7 7.5

10.1

5.6

7.4

6.2

3.8

5.1

7.0

4.9

5.8

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, except 2009, deaths from Bureau of Vital Statistics and denominator population data from Claritas, Inc.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 7.0

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 DallasCounty

2004 DallasCounty

2008 Texas

2004 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American

Not Enough

Data

HispanicNot

Enough Data

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 1.36 A

Female Reference

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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36

Risk Factors: Falls Mortality Rates, Seniors 65+

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Senior Falls Mortality Rate 73.0

36.9

52.1

28.0

61.6 60.0

12.5

34.832.2

50.1

56.1

24.921.7

59.2

47.841.7

19.425.2

21.2

36.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Texa

s

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Texa

s

Age-Specific Deaths per 100,000

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, except 2009, deaths from Bureau of Vital Statistics and denominator population data from Claritas, Inc.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 45.3

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American

Not Enough Data

Hispanic Not Enough Data

Other Not Enough Data

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 DallasCounty

2004 DallasCounty

2008 Texas

2004 Texas

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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37

Risk Factors: Accidental Poisoning Mortality Rates

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Accidental Poisoning

Mortality Rate

2.62.3

1.9

0.0

2.9

1.3

2.1

13.3

5.44.64.4

11.1

6.1

8.79.5

7.9

2.2

9.1

3.6

6.4

8.98.0

3.5

8.7

4.5

6.6

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, except 2010, deaths from Bureau of Vital Statistics and denominator population data from Claritas, Inc.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 13.1

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 DallasCounty

2004 DallasCounty

2008 Texas

2004 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American

Not Enough

Data

HispanicNot

Enough Data

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male Reference

FemaleNot

Enough Data

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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38

Risk Factors: Suicide Mortality Rates

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Suicide Mortality Rate

15.2

4.94.2

4.3

15.4

3.0

9.0

17.0

3.74.8

8.3

18.0

4.5

11.0

13.7

4.64.3

15.1

4.4

9.5

14.7

5.55.44.9

17.2

4.5

10.6

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, except 2009, deaths from Bureau of Vital Statistics and denominator population data from Claritas, Inc.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 10.2

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 DallasCounty

2004 DallasCounty

2008 Texas

2004 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 3.59 F

African American 1.15 A

Hispanic Reference

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 5.11 F

Female Reference

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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39

Risk Factors: Homicide Mortality Rates

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Homicide Mortality Rate

3.6

16.4

7.9

2.4

12.3

3.2

7.96.5

9.4

4.65.0

8.9

2.8

5.94.4

26.7

9.2

18.2

4.1

11.3

3.3

17.3

6.2

2.9

9.2

2.9

6.1

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, except 2009, deaths from Bureau of Vital Statistics and denominator population data from Claritas, Inc.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 5.5

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

2009 DallasCounty

2004 DallasCounty

2008 Texas

2004 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 4.55 F

Hispanic 2.19 C

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 3.87 F

Female Reference

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

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40

Risk Factors: Emergency Department Visits for Injuries

Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas County Injury ED Visit Rate

58.7

85.3

48.151.6

60.0

53.7

79.5

40.647.0

53.5

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Rate per 1,000

2010 DallasCounty

Source: Count of visits from DFW Hospital Council proprietary data, denominator populations from Texas State Demographer’s office, except 2010 from the Decennial Census.

2007 Dallas County

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.22 A

African American 1.77 B

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.07 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Includes only ED visits which did not result in a hospital admission.

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A N/A

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High Risk Sexual

Behavior

HIV/STD Rates

New HIV Cases

Chlamydia Incidence Rates

Gonorrhea Incidence Rates

Primary and Secondary Syphilis Incidence Rates

Teen Birth Rates

Health Risk Behaviors – High-Risk Sexual Behavior

White AfricanAmerican

Hispanic Other

F F C Reference

C F F Reference

F F D Reference

B F Reference A

B F F Reference

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42

STD/HIV: New HIV Cases

Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas County New HIV Rate

28.4

91.5

21.2

9.4

38.3

8.0

43.6

7.63.9

12.416.9

89.8

19.1

5.8

30.1

12.3

32.4

14.713.3

15.5

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarra

nt C

ount

y

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris C

ount

y

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bexa

r Cou

nty

Cases per 100,000

2010 DallasCounty

2010 HarrisCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of STD/HIV Control.

2010 TarrantCounty

2010 BexarCounty

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 3.02 F

African American 9.73 F

Hispanic 2.26 C

Other Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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43

STD/HIV: Chlamydia Cases

Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas County Chlamydia Rate

301.9

1,433.4

573.5

136.2

654.4

223.3

1323.3

393.3

151.9

431.6

132.0

1281.7

372.5445.3

530.2

350.4

1262.1

745.1

299.6

699.9

0.0

200.0

400.0

600.0

800.0

1000.0

1200.0

1400.0

1600.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarra

nt C

ount

y

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris C

ount

y

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bexa

r Cou

nty

Cases per 100,000

2010 DallasCounty

2010 HarrisCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of STD/HIV Control.

2010 TarrantCounty

2010 BexarCounty

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 2.22 C

African American 10.52 F

Hispanic 4.21 F

Other Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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44

STD/HIV: Gonorrhea Cases

Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas County Gonorrhea Rate

103.7

668.2

83.932.2

211.7

44.4

709.8

57.730.1

139.0

34.4

555.1

48.297.0

155.5

91.4

674.7

205.3

84.9

215.1

0.0

100.0

200.0

300.0

400.0

500.0

600.0

700.0

800.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarra

nt C

ount

y

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris C

ount

y

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bexa

r Cou

nty

Cases per 100,000

2010 DallasCounty

2010 HarrisCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of STD/HIV Control.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 19.0

2010 TarrantCounty

2010 BexarCounty

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 3.22 F

African American 20.75 F

Hispanic 2.61 D

Other Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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45

STD/HIV: Primary and Secondary Syphilis Cases

Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas County Primary and Secondary

Syphilis Rate

3.8

24.9

2.12.7

7.5

2.3

40.8

5.0

1.5

8.3

2.7

26.2

2.40.6

6.6 5.4

13.6 13.9

3.3

11.1

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Tarra

nt C

ount

y

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Har

ris C

ount

y

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Bexa

r Cou

nty

Cases per 100,000

2010 DallasCounty

2010 HarrisCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of STD/HIV Control.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 0.2

2010 TarrantCounty

2010 BexarCounty

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.81 B

African American 11.86 F

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.29 A

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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46

Teen Births: Teen Birth Rate, 2008 (Number of Births Per 1,000 Women

Ages 15 to 19) Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas

County Teen Birth Rate

31.4

71.2

93.0

18.8

69.4

32.8

61.2

87.9

17.2

59.7

32.6

77.8

112.0

17.9

74.5

33.5

66.9

94.3

15.6

61.3

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Texa

s

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Texa

s

Births per 1,000 women 15-19

2008 DallasCounty

2008 Texas

Source: Births from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, http://soupfin.tdh.state.tx.us/birthdoc.htm , population from Texas State Data Center, http://txsdc.utsa.edu/

2004 DallasCounty

2004 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.67 B

African American 3.79 F

Hispanic 4.95 F

Other Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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Health Risk Behaviors –High Other Risk Behaviors

Health Risk Behaviors

Physical Activity

Five Fruits/ Vegetables

a Day

Current Smoker

White AfricanAmer-ican

His-panic

Other Male Fe-male

< HS HS Grad

SomeCol-lege

Col-legeGrad

Refer-ence A A A Refer-

ence A B Refer-ence A A

A A Refer-ence A Refer-

ence A Refer-ence A A A

A A Refer-ence

Not Enough

DataC Refer-

ence B B B Refer-ence

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48

Diet and Exercise: Adults* with 30+ minutes of moderate physical activity five or more days per

week, or vigorous physical activity for 20+ minutes three or more days per week

Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas County Meets Physical Activity

Requirements Rate

47.4

41.8

37.135.0

43.242.1

26.0

47.443.2

46.042.7

50.8

43.144.3

38.7

49.545.2

37.8

45.548.6

51.747.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Less

Tha

n H

S

HS

Dip

lom

a

Com

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Less

Tha

n H

S

HS

Dip

lom

a

Com

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Texa

s

Cases per 100,000

2007-2009 Dallas County

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, BRFSS program office

Healthy People 2020 Goal 30.0%

2007-2009 Texas

*Adults are defined as ages 18 and over.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade

White Reference

African American 1.13 A

Hispanic 1.28 A

Other 1.35 A

Male Reference

Female 1.03 A

< High School 1.82 B

High School Grad Reference

SomeCollege 1.10 A

College Grad 1.03 ADallas County

Compared to Healthy People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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49

Diet and Exercise: Adults* who have consumed fruits or vegetables 5 or more times per day,

2007-2009 Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas

County Five Fruits and Vegetables Per Day Rate

75.279.4

82.3

58.9

80.7

71.8

85.6 83.475.3

68.4

76.3 74.376.4

77.7

73.079.4

71.9

80.379.0

76.170.1

75.5

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Less

Tha

n H

S

HS

Dip

lom

a

Com

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Less

Tha

n H

S

HS

Dip

lom

a

Com

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Texa

s

Cases per 100,000

2007-2009 Dallas County

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, BRFSS program office

2007-2009 Texas

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

*Adults are defined as ages 18 and over.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.09 A

African American 1.04 A

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.40 A

Male Reference

Female 1.12 A

< High School Reference

High School Grad 1.03 A

SomeCollege 1.14 A

College Grad 1.25 ADallas County

Compared to Healthy People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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50

Tobacco Use: Adults* who are Current Smokers(Do you now smoke cigarettes every day, some

days, or not at all)Disparity Ratios for 2010 Dallas

County Current Smoker Rate

19.7

17.115.0

24.0

11.4

19.621.8

19.5

12.6

17.8 17.917.1

15.514.7

20.2

13.6

21.323.5

19.7

8.6

16.8

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Less

Tha

n H

S

HS

Dip

lom

a

Com

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Less

Tha

n H

S

HS

Dip

lom

a

Com

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Texa

s

Cases per 100,000

2007-2009 Dallas County

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, BRFSS program office

2007-2009 Texas

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

*Adults are defined as ages 18 and over.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.31 A

African American 1.14 A

Hispanic Reference

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 2.11 C

Female Reference

< High School 1.56 B

High School Grad 1.73 B

SomeCollege 1.55 B

College Grad Reference

Healthy People 2020 Goal 12.0%

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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Out-comes Mortality

Heart Disease

Cancer

Stroke and Cerebrovascular

Disease

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Diabetes

Infant Mortality Rate

Years of Potential Life Lost Rate

Outcomes – Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates

White AfricanAmer-ican

His-panic

Other Male Female

B C Refer-ence A A Refer-

ence

C D A Refer-ence A Refer-

ence

A B Refer-ence A Refer-

ence A

F C Refer-ence

Not Enough

DataA Refer-

ence

Refer-ence C B

NotEnough

DataA Refer-

ence

A B Refer-ence

Not Enough

DataN/A N/A

D F A Refer-ence B Refer-

ence

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52

Mortality: Deaths Due to Heart Disease

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Heart Disease Mortality Rate

202.

726

3.7

113.

9 131.

822

4.4

157.

8 189.

4

196.

524

0.1

153.

412

3.5

189.

4 219.

733

6.7

161.

911

1.4

282.

118

7.6 22

9.2

227.

430

4.7

187.

210

1.5

273.

018

5.3 22

4.5

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

400.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Texa

s

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

2009 Dallas County

2004 DallasCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics.

Healthy People 2020 Goal 100.8

2009 Texas

2004 Texas

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.78 B

African American 2.32 C

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.16 A

Male 1.42 A

Female Reference

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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53

Mortality: Deaths Due to Cancer

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Cancer Mortality Rate

185.

224

2.0

122.

4

92.7

221.

814

9.0

179.

3

176.

521

6.9

132.

110

9.1

168.

0 187.

527

2.6

126.

387

.723

0.0

160.

5 187.

6

187.

824

6.6

142.

198

.422

5.9

150.

3 181.

4

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Texa

s

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

Healthy People 2020 Goal 160.6

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 2.00 C

African American 2.61 D

Hispanic 1.32 A

Other Reference

Male 1.49 A

Female Reference

2009 Dallas County

2004 DallasCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics.

2009 Texas

2004 Texas

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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54

Mortality: Deaths Due to Stroke

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Stroke Mortality Rate

47.2

70.0

35.3

43.5

46.6 51

.050

.2

45.3

66.4

41.5

33.2

46.6 55

.697

.158

.251

.065

.061

.063

.0

54.4

85.3

47.6

35.7

55.0

55.8

56.2

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Texa

s

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

Healthy People 2020 Goal 33.8

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.34 A

African American 1.98 B

Hispanic Reference

Other 1.23 A

Male Reference

Female 1.09 A

2009 Dallas County

2004 DallasCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics.

2009 Texas

2004 Texas

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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55

Mortality: Deaths Due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County COPD Mortality Rate

51.6

35.5

15.6

15.9

43.4

41.6 42

.6

53.6

30.0

20.0

15.4

43.7 46

.527

.7

44.7

35.2 38

.9

50.4

29.9

17.8

8.4

52.0

35.6

41.7

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Texa

s

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000 Healthy People 2020 Goal 50.1

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 3.31 F

African American 2.28 C

Hispanic Reference

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 1.04 A

Female Reference

2009 Dallas County

2004 DallasCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics.

2009 Texas

2004 Texas

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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56

Mortality: Deaths Due to Diabetes

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Diabetes Mortality Rate

18.8

38.5

29.9

9.7

26.8

18.5

42.6

18.3

39.4

34.4

14.4

23.3

17.3

51.1

26.6

24.5

21.7 22.9

22.6

52.2

47.8

17.8

31.9

27.6 29

.6

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Texa

s

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eD

alla

s C

ount

y

Whi

teA

frica

n A

mer

ican

His

pani

cO

ther

Mal

eFe

mal

eTe

xas

Age-Adjusted Deaths per 100,000

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Healthy People 2020 goal is to reduce deaths that were related to diabetes to 65.8 age adjusted deaths per 100,000. This measure encompasses a broader range of deaths than included here. (Target set at 10% improvement)

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 2.05 C

Hispanic 1.59 B

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male 1.45 A

Female Reference

2009 Dallas County

2004 DallasCounty

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics.

2009 Texas

2004 Texas

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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57

Mortality: Infant Mortality Rate

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Infant Mortality Rate

7.9

9.4

5.45.2

6.75.9

9.9

5.4

6.76.1

3.9

12.4

6.1

3.5

6.75.6

12.8

5.6

3.6

6.3

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Deaths per 1,000 live births

2009 Dallas County

2004 DallasCounty

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, http://soupfin.tdh.state.tx.us/birth.htm

Healthy People 2020 Goal 6.0

2009 Texas

2004 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.48 A

African American 1.75 B

Hispanic Reference

Other Not Enough Data

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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58

Mortality: Rate of Years of Potential Life Lost*, 2009

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Years of Potential Life Lost

Rate

8,445

11,036

3,710 2,880

8,179

5,259

6,756

8,568 9,282

4,859 5,183

8,715

5,406

6,974

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Cases per 100,000

2009 Dallas County

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics

2008 Texas

**Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

*Years of Potential Life Lost prior to age 75

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade**

White 2.93 D

African American 3.83 F

Hispanic 1.29 A

Other Reference

Male 1.56 B

Female Reference

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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Out-comes

Disease Inci-

dence

Very Low Birth Weight

Births

Aseptic Meningitis Incidence

Rate

Campylo-bacteriosisIncidence

Rate

Pertussis Incidence

Rate

Salmonel-losis

Incidence Rate

Health Status

Mental Health

General Health

Outcomes – Health Status and Disease Incidence Rates

White AfricanAmer-ican

His-panic

Other Male Fe-male

< HS HS Grad

Some Col-lege

Col-legeGrad

A D A Refer-ence N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

F F Refer-ence

Not Enough

DataN/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

CNot

Enough Data

Refer-ence

Not Enough

DataN/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

ANot

Enough Data

Refer-ence

Not Enough

DataN/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

C A Refer-ence

NotEnough

DataN/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Refer-ence A A

Not Enough

Data

Refer-ence A Refer-

ence B A A

Refer-ence B B

Not Enough

Data

Refer-ence A F F D Refer-

ence

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60

Low Birth Weight Births: Percent of Births That Are Very Low Birth

Weight, <1,500 gramsDisparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas

County Very Low Birth Weight Rate

1.19

2.95

1.251.16

1.591.25

2.96

1.281.34

1.46

1.13

3.14

1.181.18

1.561.22

3.00

1.201.16

1.41

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Percent of live births

2009 Dallas County

2004 DallasCounty

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics, http://soupfin.tdh.state.tx.us/birth.htm

Healthy People 2020 Goal 1.4

2009 Texas

2004 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.03 A

African American 2.54 D

Hispanic 1.08 A

Other Reference

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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61

Notifiable Communicable Disease Incidence: Aseptic Meningitis Rate

2010Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Aseptic Meningitis Rate 14.5

12.1

2.8

6.9

10.3

5.4 6.2 5.6

3.3

6.6

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Cases per 100,000

2010 Dallas County

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Infectious Diseases Control Unit

2010 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 5.18 F

African American 4.32 F

Hispanic Reference

Other Not Enough Data

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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62

Notifiable Communicable Disease Incidence: Campylobacteriosis Rate

2010Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas

County Campylobacteriosis Rate 7.5

1.7

3.3

1.9

5.45.7

2.6

7.7

3.1

8.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Cases per 100,000

2010 Dallas County

2010 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 2.27 C

African American

Not EnoughData

Hispanic Reference

Other Not EnoughData

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Infectious Diseases Control Unit

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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63

Notifiable Communicable Disease Incidence: Pertussis Rate 2010

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Pertussis Rate

6.9

1.9

6.1

2.5

5.9

14.0

3.6

9.4

6.9

11.3

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Cases per 100,000

2010 Dallas County

2010 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 1.13 A

African American

Not EnoughData

Hispanic Reference

Other Not EnoughData

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Infectious Diseases Control Unit

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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64

Notifiable Communicable Disease Incidence: Salmonellosis Rate 2010

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas County Salmonellosis Rate

17.2

8.1 7.1 8.8

14.9

16.1

7.6

13.8 12.7

19.8

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

TOTA

L

Percent of live births

2010 Dallas County

2010 Texas

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White 2.42 C

African American 1.14 A

Hispanic Reference

Other Not Enough Data

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, Infectious Diseases Control Unit

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

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65

Outcomes: Mental Health Status*Disparity Ratios for 2009-10

Combined Dallas County Percent Who Rated Their Mental Health “Not Good”

for Five or More of the Past 30 Days

15.9

21.5

17.616.6

24.2

16.5

24.9

20.318.9

20.4

17.6

24.622.9

20.9

16.6

23.3

29.7

23.420.8

13.5

20.0

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

< H

S

HS

Gra

d

Som

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

< H

S

HS

Gra

d

Som

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Texa

s

Percent of live births

2009-10 Dallas County

2009-10 Texas

**Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Program.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade**

White Reference

African American 1.35 A

Hispanic 1.11 A

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male Reference

Female 1.46 A

< High School Reference

High School Grad 1.51 B

SomeCollege 1.23 A

College Grad 1.15 A

*percent of respondents who said their mental health was not good for 5 or more days in the past 30 days

– Better than the benchmark– Same as/not significantly different

from the benchmark– Worse than the benchmark

Dallas County Compared to Healthy

People 2020 Goal0

Dallas County Comparedto 8 Peer Counties

(Quartiles)

Dallas CountyCompared to Past

Years’ Data (CI)

N/A

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66

Outcomes: General Health StatusDisparity Ratios for 2009-10

Combined Dallas County Percent Who Rated Their General Health Fair or

Poor

10.6

17.0

21.0

12.514.8

28.9

20.6

12.8

4.4

13.612.9

21.222.6

11.2

14.9

18.4

35.2

21.2

15.5

7.2

16.7

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

< H

S

HS

Gra

d

Som

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Mal

e

Fem

ale

< H

S

HS

Gra

d

Som

e C

olle

ge

Col

lege

Gra

d

Texa

s

Percent of live births

2009-10 Dallas County

2009-10 Texas

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Source: Rates from Texas Department of State Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Program.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American 1.60 B

Hispanic 1.98 B

OtherNot

Enough Data

Male Reference

Female 1.18 A

< High School 6.57 F

High School Grad 4.68 F

SomeCollege 2.91 D

College Grad Reference

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Demographics:The demographic composition of Dallas taken in the context of the state and the nation, profoundly influences the service size, scope and priorities for Parkland Health & Hospital System. This section examines the significant demographic drivers outlined below:

Market Demographic Characteristics

•Population size, growth trends and components of growth trends

•Population age distribution and trends

•Population racial composition and trends

•Population educational attainment and trends

•Household size and composition and trends

•Per capita income and trends

•Community Need Index (available at the ZIP code level)

Page 68: Dallas County Community Health Disparities Dashboard ...7. Access: Non-Emergent Use of Emergency Departments, 2010. Disparity Ratios for 2010 Non-Emergent Use of EDs. 18.3 24.1 22.9

General Dallas County Demographic Trends

2009 Estimated Population by Age and Sex Female %* Male %**0-4 104,257 8.8% 107,231 8.8%5-14 176,359 14.9% 186,109 15.3%15-17 48,769 4.1% 50,761 4.2%18-24 101,565 8.6% 115,714 9.5%25-44 350,456 29.6% 396,435 32.6%45-64 278,310 23.5% 273,246 22.5%65 years and up 124,147 10.5% 87,349 7.2%Total 1,183,863 100.0% 1,216,845 100.0%

*: % of female population in Dallas County

**: % of male population in Dallas County

Population Trend by Age 1990 2000 2009% change 2000-2009

0-4 156,059 181,951 211,488 16.2%5-14 266,095 340,788 362,468 6.4%15-44 968,906 1,098,009 1,063,700 -3.1%45-64 309,236 419,279 551,556 31.5%65 and up 152,514 178,872 211,496 18.2%Total 1,852,810 2,218,899 2,400,708 8.2%

Ethnicity 2009 Population

% of the Total

Population

White 824,060 34.3%

African American 483,027 20.1%

Asian 103,655 4.3%

American Indians 9,005 0.4%

Two or More 33,512 1.4%

Other 3,786 0.2%

Hispanic 943,663 39.3%

Total 2,400,708 100.0%

Household Income 2009 County

less than $25,000 22.6%

$25,000 to $74,999 48.9%

$75,000 to $99,999 11.2%

$100,000 and over 17.3%

Totals 100.0%

The Texas population has grown at a rate substantially outpacing that of the United States. Also growing at a very fast pace, Dallas County has expanded by over 20%, or more than 500,000 thousand people, from 1990 to 2010.

The Dallas-Fort Worth area is one of the largest in the nation. Dallas-Fort Worth, the fourth largest metro area in the country, grew by 23.4% in the past decade. Dallas County is the 9th largest county in the country, growing by over 20% from 2000 to 2010. The city of Dallas is the 9th largest city in the country, but only grew by a modest 0.8% in the 2000’s.

Sources: U.S. Census, PO11 Age Data Set, 1990 Summary Tape File 1 (STF 1) – 100 Percent data; U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration. W.s. CENSU BUREAU Population Distribution and Change; 2000 to2010. NeilsonCalritas 2000, 2009 Proprietary data

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69

Demographics: Percent of the Population in Poverty, 2004-2009

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas Percent of the Population in Poverty

8.0

26.8

17.5

20.218.8

9.0

26.4

15.7

18.617.2

8.5

23.8

15.5

18.517.0

8.3

27.5

15.0

18.2

16.6

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Percent

Source: US Bureau of the Census, 2004 and 2009 American Community Survey

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American

Not Available

Hispanic 3.35 F

Other Not Available

Male Reference

Female 1.15 A

2009 Dallas County

2009 Texas

2004 Dallas County

2004 Texas

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70

Demographics: Percent of Children in Poverty, 2004-2009

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas Percent of the Population in Poverty

8.6

36.1

28.226.5

27.7

9.6

35.2

24.224.7

24.4

12.1

31.3

26.0

22.624.3

9.1

35.4

22.923.0

22.9

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Percent

2009 Dallas County

Source: US Bureau of the Census, 2004 and 2009 American Community Survey

2009 Texas

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American

Not Available

Hispanic 4.20 F

Other Not Available

Male 1.06 A

Female Reference

2004 Dallas County

2004 Texas

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71

Demographics: Percent of the population over the age of 25 with

no high school diploma, 2004-2009 Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas

Percent of the Population in Poverty

7.6

54.8

28.0

22.325.1

8.3

42.5

21.119.220.1

7.9

54.3

25.521.8

23.6

9.6

45.3

21.421.2

21.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Percent

2009 Dallas County

Source: US Bureau of the Census, 2004 and 2009 American Community Survey

2009 Texas

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American

Not Available

Hispanic 7.21 F

Other Not Available

Male 1.26 A

Female Reference

2004 Dallas County

2004 Texas

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72

Demographics: Percent of the population over the age of 25 with a college degree* or more, 2004-2009

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas Percent of the Population in Poverty

44.7

7.9

27.127.8

27.5

33.9

10.9

26.324.7

25.5

41.8

8.8

29.527.1

28.332.9

11.1

26.423.0

24.6

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

His

pani

c

Mal

e

Fem

ale

Texa

s

Percent

2009 Dallas County

Source: US Bureau of the Census, 2004 and 2009 American Community Survey

2009 Texas

**Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade**

White Reference

African American

Not Available

Hispanic 5.66 F

Other Not Available

Male 1.03 A

Female Reference

2004 Dallas County

2004 Texas

*defined as a bachelors degree or more

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73

Demographics: Per Capita Income, 2009

Disparity Ratios for 2009 Dallas Per Capita Income

$43,103

$12,727

$24,915

$33,609

$13,852

$24,077

$-

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

$40,000

$45,000

$50,000

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Dal

las

Cou

nty

Whi

te

Afri

can

Am

eric

an

His

pani

c

Oth

er

Texa

s

Per Capita Income

2009 Dallas County

Source: US Bureau of the Census, 2009 American Community Survey

2009 Texas

*Letter grade based on New Mexico Department of Health Guidelines, see slide 4 for legend.

Disparity Ratio

Letter Grade*

White Reference

African American

Not Available

Hispanic 3.39 F

Other Not Available

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Notes:

Age Adjusted Death Rates: Death rates that control for the effects in population age distributions. The centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention established the standard population weights for direct age adjustments. The need for age adjustment becomes particularly important when cause-specific mortality is of interest. Unadjusted rates for chronic diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancers, or chronic lower respiratory diseases) may appear to be higher for older populations when compared to a younger population. With age-adjustment those differences may be reduced or even reversed. A mechanism for adjusting the age structure differences is needed to determine if there really are mortality differences between two populations. By applying age-specific mortality rates to a standard population, direct standardization controls for differences in population composition. Mortality trends can be more accurately compared along geographic, temporal, or race/ethnicity lines, etc. In short, standardization lets us look at what the death rate would be in one population if that population had the same age structure as the standard population. Beginning with 1999 events, the United States year 2000 population is used as the standard for age-adjusting.