DALI Installation: A Case StudyLightFair Seminar 22

May 8, 2003 8:30 AM

Owner - HOK

Daryl Dalling - Dynalectric

Pete Horton – The Watt Stopper

Richard Miller – RNM Engineering

Charles Knuffke – The Watt Stopper

The Owner

Represented by: Rick Miller

One Bush

StreetHistoric Landmark

• Interior designed by HOK

• Structural designed by Middlebrook + Louie

• Lighting designed by J.S.Nolan & Associates

• MEP systems design/built by the Contractor

Design Team

• Economic Climate

• Landmark Building

• Concealed Spline Ceiling

• 1 x 4 Parabolic Lighting Fixture

• Landlord’s Tenant Design Requirements

• LEED™ CI Prototype Certification

Design Parameters

Second Floor Plan

Third Floor Plan

The Engineer

By: Rick Miller

• 2-F40T12 over/under lamps, magnetic ballast, tandem wired, pre-fabricated wiring

• Hello DALI !

• 1-F32T8 single lamp, DALI ballast

• Power reduction from 92 watts to 35 watts

1 x 4 Parabolic Luminaire

• Decide DALI Bus to run with Lighting Circuit

• Max loading of circuits based on lighting watts

• Max DALI address per bus

• DALI ballast and DALI controllers consume power

• DALI power supply is limited to 250 ma

• Actual power supply is 150 ma

DALI Design Parameters

Second Floor Control Groups

Third Floor Control Groups

Second Floor DALI Bus

Third Floor DALI Bus

HOK DALI SummaryTotal 2nd FL 3rd FL Item

376 195 181 DALI Addresses

333 169 164 DALI Ballasts

6 4 2 DALI Relays 120V

32 17 15 DALI Relays 277V

47 27 20 DALI Groups

5 5 0 DALI A / V Relays

45 25 20 DALI 5-scene Controller

3 3 0 DALI 4-scene Controller

11 6 5 DALI Busses

10 5 5 277 Volt Lighting Circuits

HOK DALI SummaryTotal 2nd FL 3rd FL Item

26,315 13,831 12,484 Connected Lighting Watts

29,425 14,685 14,740 Square Feet per Floor

0.89 0.94 0.85 Watts per SF

LEED EA Credit 1.1

 Allowed W/SF

Allowed Watts

Actual Watts % Reduction

ASHRAE 1.3 38,252 26,315 31%

CA T24 1.2 35,310 26,315 25%

Reduce lighting power density to 30% below the standard, (2 points)

The Contractor

By: Daryl Dalling

Design Build Guidelines

• Specifications- Provide outline of minimum quality and expectations

• Historical Requirements- Dictate a portion of the scope or design (ie. Cannot penetrate or deface existing surfaces)

• Building Management Requirements- In this case we had specific fixture requirements, as well as set back restrictions, lamp colors, BMS and lighting control interface

(cont’d) Design Build Guidelines

• Lighting Restrictions- Lighting (fluorescent vs. incandescent), especially in California can get tricky with Energy Conservation Act Title 24. Lighting budget also plays into lighting design

• Lighting Control- Title 24 has minimum guidelines. Design criteria and use of space are also implemented

(cont’d) Design Build Guidelines

• All Applicable Codes- This dictates wiring methods, egress, fire-life safety,etc.

• Budget- Small budget, Fewer options

Process of Selecting Lighting Package

• Package: PackagePackage is the keyword. Key resource is the Light Representatives

• Design Criteria:Understanding Spec & Scope• Budget: Critical element is to match dollars

with space requirements• Communication: Sales & marketing insure

client understanding final package

Base Bid Lighting Controls Criteria

• Use of Space– Conference Rooms– Small Offices– Large Open Areas

• Title 24 (must be implemented)

• Building Management Interface

• Owner Design Criteria

Control Methods: Standard Lighting Control

• Individual switching of office and open areas– LV Lighting Control Panel and Local Devices

• Multi-Level Switching– Two Gang Devices/Two Ballast Fixtures

• Dimming of a single room or fixture– Fluorescent Dimmers & Dimming Ballast

(continued)

Control Methods: Standard Lighting Control

• Dimming to a pre-set scene sequence– Full Grafik Eye System

• Occupancy Sensors

Control Methods: DALI Lighting Control

• Individual switching of office and open areas– via DALI

• Multi-Level Switching – via DALI

• Dimming of a single room or fixture – via DALI

• Dimming to a pre-set scene sequence – via DALI

• Occupancy Sensors – non DALI

Bringing the System Together

• Fixture Package• Fixture Control• DALI Protocol• DALI Ballast - Coordinate with fixture manufacture• Electrician - Willing electrician; Education of the

simple install• DALI Magic - DALI compatible switching, interface

solutions (non DALI fixtures), and startup & commissioning)

PRO-Electrical Quotes

• More forgiving (all switching options are always available, whereas conventional switching requires multiple switch legs)

• Smaller pipe and fewer wires to pull

• Layout is simple

• Changes or added switches are easy

• Quicker lighting control installation

(cont’d) PRO Electrical Quotes

• Change order friendly (owner & contractor)

• Non-electrical programming (software based)

• Ballast self-addressing (no dip switches)

• Troubleshoot wiring easier (fewer wires and make-up)

CON-Electrical Quotes

• Interface wiring between ballast and fixture manufacturer was poor/bad wiring (a few mis-wired ballasts)

• Electricians worried about mixed voltages and make-up in common boxes

• DALI on a non-conduit installation (ie. MC) no value savings in labor

• Call backs could be confusing to service people

Summary

• When questioned, all of the electricians involved would do another DALI system. All were impressedimpressed and thought it was a good educationeducation.

The Manufacturer

By: Pete Horton

Minimum Requirements to Build a System

• DALI Ballast

• DALI power supply (Bus controller / Bus Master)

• Local Controller

Tridonic DALI Linear Fluorescent Dimming ballasts

WinDim Control

Interface

Tridonic DALI CFL Ballasts

Watt Stopper / Starfield Scene

Switches Starfield Interface Switches

DALI Controls

DALI Ballast

IP over LAN

DALI wired bus - 2-wire topology & polarity independent - up to 64 devices

Blind/Motorcontroller

Tridonic DALI Relay / Watt Stopper ON/OFF Relays

Router

HOK DALI Schematic

Tridonic DALIBus Controllers

Additional DALI Busses

Employee Workstation for lighting overrides WinDim Net

Server

H/N/G plus 2 DALI wires

CFL Ballasts

Non-DALI Devices

DALI System Components

Tridonic• Ballasts

– Linear fluorescent1/2 F32T8 & 1/2 F54T5HO.

– CFL

• Loop Controller (Bus Masters)

• Software– Palm-Dim– Win-Dim– Win-Dim net

Watt Stopper

• Scene Controls– 4 button scene switches

• Relay Modules– Non dimmed lighting

DALI System Components

Starfield• Scene Controls

– In Conference rooms to match A/V controls

• Switch / relays– Shade Controls– Projector Lift– Screen up/down

Key Issue was that devices could coexist with other manufacturer’s devices without causing the system to crash or other devices not to work (“play nice” requirement)

Ballast

DALI Message DescriptionGo to light level Sets light level from 1% tp 100%Go to Minimum Sets light level to minimum light level for this settingTurn Lamp On/Off Turns to lamp(s) On/Off (power remains on the ballast)Go to level Sets light level at predifined levelWhat is your current light level? Respsonse in percentageWhat is the ballast status? Response is a variety of messages

• Supports two way communications• Stores group / scene programs• Monitors lamp performance, provides

energy consumption data. • Provides predictable dimming

response• Issue – CFL ballast were not available

until after the space was occupied, which created the need for a UL DALI relay module.

Current vs Arc Power

0.000

0.500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

0 50 100 150 200 250

Arc Power in Dec

Cu

rre

nt

in A

mp

s

Arc current

Relative light output

DALI Loop Controller (Bus Master)

• Required for any DALI System• Provides power for the DALI dataline

– Actual power supplied was 150 ma, not 250 ma as specified.

– Ballast quantity or power consumption dictates bus quantities.

• Provides protocol translation from DALI - RS-232 • One required for every 64 DALI ballasts

Scene / Group SwitchesSingle gang four button switches• Individual office control.

– Ballast and non dimmed CFL control

• Open Office Control– Arrive / Depart Group Control

• Includes group raise / lower function.

Scene 1Meeting

Scene Control - Presets

Scene 2Projection

Scene 3Presentation

Scene 4Discussion

DALI Relay Controls

• Available in Power Packs or switch configuration.

• Used for ON/OFF control off non DALI loads.

• Used for:– Non DALI lighting loads– Audio Video Equipment– Shades / Blinds DALI Relay

Module

Power Wiring

DALI Bus

NON DALI Ballast or other load

Watt Stopper Power Pack

Router

• Used to convert eight RS-232 DALI bus controllers to single Ethernet I./P address.

• Expensive and provides little value.

Software for Commissioning• Assigned unique address

for each ballast– Address routine brings one

ballast to 100%, dims all other ballasts on network.

• Supports replacement or addition of ballasts

• Allows manual control of ballasts

• Configures scenes and groups.

Software for Operation• PC based

– Manages single DALI bus control

– Allows monitoring and control

Server Features• Manages multiple DALI

bus controls• Provides

– Scheduling– Multi bus communication.– Allows employee workstations

to interface to DALI network.

• Stores historical data

Lessons Learned

• Significant IT requirements for this project.

• One manufacturer doesn’t have everything yet.

• Scheduling needs additional development.– Distributed Processing

The Commissioner

By: Charles Knuffke

The Goal of Commissioning

• Verify all components are installed properly and working as specified.

• To ensure that the owner has complete documentation on the system as it was installed.

Why DALI Commissioning is extra important

• More points of control than ever before

• More wire in the ceiling than most systems

• More capabilities means more settings to deal with

DALI Requirements

• All components must be completely installed– Line Voltage Wiring, DALI Communication Bus, All Ballasts

and Fixtures, and any DALI Override devices– No Faking It!

• If power is shut off to DALI bus, all lamps go to 100% by default.

Start by reviewing the Hardware

5 Bus Masters and a Router in a Custom Enclosure

And the switches

Four 4-Button Master Switches by the Main Entry

Four Interface and two 4-Button Switches in the Large Conf. Room

Once everything is ready

• Each ballast address assigned by software wizard, so they are not readily apparent.– Commissioning the 1st Bus took 15 minutes, next bus didn’t

get finished before the end of the first day.

• Start with a Clean Reflected Ceiling diagram and a sharp red pencil.

DALI Addressing

Bus Master2 4 10 5 8 11 14 16 12

27 25 24

31 37

3

28 36 32

29 35 34 39

15 18 17 22 19

30

33

1

6 79

13

38

26

23

20

21

DALI BusDALIBallast

0

Identifying the Addresses

• Once each ballast was assigned, 2 people work together to select the address in software, and match it with a fixture in the space.– “Optical Feedback” made the process easy. However,

tenants needed to be advised that we would be testing the system.

– Software has since added a strobe feature.– Several times we had a bus that had to be re-addressed.

This turned out to be due to a bug in the software.

2 4 10

3

1

6 70

DALI Software

• 4 Separate Tools – Palm Handheld, DALI Tool, WinDim, WinDim-net– Looking forward to Software improvements.

• Originally info entered into ballasts via WinDim was going to have to be re-entered into WinDim-net software (approximately 2400 setpoints).

• Some places, groups were numbered 0-15, others 1-16.

Setting Up the System

• Ballast were assigned to groups, and levels (from 0-255) were set for the various scenes. Groups were exclusive, and easy to track.

• Commands from WinDim could be used to communicate to devices in 3 address manners– Broadcast = All Devices– Group = Specific Group from 1-16– Address = Specific Ballast

Excel to the rescue…Dali Loop Group # Room Other S1 (#64) S2 (#65) S3 (#66) S4 (#67)

2B 1 3 210 Conference 254 243 229 2042B 1 10 210 Conference 254 243 229 2042B 1 17 210 Conference 254 243 229 2042B 2 11 211 Storage IT 254 243 229 2042B 2 15 211 Storage IT 254 243 229 2042B 3 1 212 Coffee 254 243 229 2042B 3 8 212 Coffee Relay 254 254 0 02B 3 14 212 Coffee 254 243 229 2042B 4 5 213 Conference Relay 254 254 0 02B 4 12 213 Conference Cove 200 100 150 02B 4 0 213 Conference Pend. 254 100 150 1002B 4 16 213 Conference Pend. 254 100 150 1002B 5 31 215 Library 254 243 229 2042B 5 6 215 Library No. Down Relay 254 254 0 02B 5 2 215 Library Pend. 254 243 229 2042B 5 7 215 Library Pend. 254 243 229 2042B 5 13 215 Library Pend. 254 243 229 2042B 5 18 215 Library Pend. 254 243 229 2042B 5 4 215 Library So Pendant 254 243 204 1702B 5 19 215 Library So. Pendant 254 243 204 1702B 5 20 215 Library Stack 254 243 229 2042B 5 21 215 Library Stack 254 243 229 2042B 5 22 215 Library Stack 254 243 229 2042B 5 23 215 Library Stack Emergency 254 243 229 204

...again…Dali Loop Com Port # Dali Points Fixt. Addresses Issues

2A Com 11 41 0-40 1) 208 E. Fixture - Address 2? - not changing light levels. Bad Ballast. Replace.

2B Com 12 19 0-31,40

1) Address 4 not found - relay? 10/31 Found controlling West End 221 accents in D area, should be moved from B to D loop, (readdressed to 37).2) So. pendant in library 1 ballast ON always (Address 6 on D loop see note 2D, Note 3)3) 2 library ballasts pendant no address - believe their power circuit has been wired thru a relay instead of direct.4) 10/29 New address 19 showed up - relay? - not yet found. 10/31 Kitchen Undercabinet light Address 19 should be moved from B to loop C, (readdressed to 39)5) 10/31 Switch in Conf. Room 213 has no voltage.6) Library Pendant Emergency Ballast #40 not responding - used to work when on D loop7) 1 Ballast in Library Area not hooked up. Done 12/16/02.8) 3 Ballasts in new Library fixtures (20,22,23) have stopped responding. 1/22/03 Ken replaced ballasts, short found and fixed.

2C Com 13 37 0-37

1) Logo Line Voltage thru relay?2) Address 25 wired to NC?3) New relay installed for kitchen lights. 10/31 Found on B loop, needs to be moved.3) Can't find 22 ballast? (12/11/02 No longer problem)4) 229 Conf. Downlights not responding - please check relay. 12/11/02 No longer problem)5) 230 West Emergency not responding.6) 11/8 Appears to be bad lamp in address #11 - near column 11D (12/11/02 No longer problem)7) 11/8 For S. Purdy - why only 2 (24,39) relays showing in address wizard, when there are 5 in loop

2D Com 14 36 0-36

1) 7 addresses not found in Medium Conf room2) Open office relay also not identified.3) 10/31 Move Emergency Pendant Light address 6 in Library from Loop D -> B (readdressed to 40)4) 11/8 Emergency Ballast in fixture by A9 used to respond as address 29, now no response.

2E Com 15 13 0-12 None!

2L Com 16 18 0-161) Can't find Wallwash relay.2) How to check the starfield devices - probably powered down.

3F Com 8 32 0-31 1) 11/8 Address 7 near column 5D not responding - bad connection, ballast or lamp? Done 12/16/02

3G Com 9 48 0-47 None!

3H Com 10 39 0-38 1) Address 19 ballast near columns 11-12 not responding - could be bad lamp or ballast. Done 12/16/02.

…and again!# IP Address COM Loop Group Add. Room Other Location Fixture Ballast Type1 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 0 209 Center Emergency Inboard F1 1/F32T8 22 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 1 209 Center Relay 277V No window 6-F3 CFM32 03 172.22.25.32 11 2A 5 2 208 Private Window F1 1/F32T8 24 172.22.25.32 11 2A 6 3 209 West Window F1 1/F32T8 25 172.22.25.32 11 2A 6 4 209 West Window F1 1/F32T8 26 172.22.25.32 11 2A 1 5 203 Mail Relay 120V No window 2-F2,4-F15 CFM32,F32T8 07 172.22.25.32 11 2A 2 6 204 Reception Relay 277V Inboard 2-F2,11-F3 CFM32 08 172.22.25.32 11 2A 3 7 206 Private Window F1 1/F32T8 29 172.22.25.32 11 2A 2 8 204 Reception Window F1 1/F32T8 2

10 172.22.25.32 11 2A 7 9 209 North Window F1 1/F32T8 211 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 10 209 Center Inboard F1 1/F32T8 212 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 11 209 Center No window F1 1/F32T8 213 172.22.25.32 11 2A 6 12 209 West Window F1 1/F32T8 214 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 13 209 Center No window F1 1/F32T8 215 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 14 209 Center Emergency No window F1 1/F32T8 216 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 15 209 Center No window F1 1/F32T8 217 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 16 209 Center Inboard F1 1/F32T8 218 172.22.25.32 11 2A 7 17 209 North Window F1 1/F32T8 219 172.22.25.32 11 2A 7 18 209 North Window F1 1/F32T8 220 172.22.25.32 11 2A 6 19 209 West Window F1 1/F32T8 221 172.22.25.32 11 2A 8 20 209 Center Emergency Inboard F1 1/F32T8 222 172.22.25.32 11 2A 4 21 207 Private Window F1 1/F32T8 223 172.22.25.32 11 2A 4 22 207 Private Window F1 1/F32T8 224 172.22.25.32 11 2A 3 23 206 Private Window F1 1/F32T8 2

Troubleshooting• Had Electrician look for ~16VDC on the DALI bus

to the ballasts, and verify ballast wiring.

• Used the software to detect failures, and sent override commands from the software

• Dataline switch, in addition to overriding groups, had two testing features that helped

• Broadcast On/Off

• Raise Lower entire Group

Project Takeaways

• Knowing the Bus wire runs is Key.– Working with the electrician who did the bus wiring is even

better.

• Keep the busses manageable, and try to control obvious groups together.

• Get full info on all equipment to be interfaced– Conference room has projector lift, screen and shade

controllers. However, lift used a 24V signal, and switch contacts was 120V output.

Project Takeaways

Advice for Future Commissioners

• Learn to use Microsoft Excel• Make sure you’ve got time to check out system,

and understand how checkout will impact occupants.– Each time we connected to a specific bus, we had to re-

initialize, and that caused all lights to drop to low level.– Startup up of this site required approximately 60 hours over

12 visits. This broke down to be about 1/3 “New Technology issues”, 1/3 problem issues, and 1/3 revising setpoints to meet owner desires.

DALI still in Early Adopter Stage

• High tech, but based on Ballast communication within a single DALI Bus– Difficult to take a contact closure across different busses.– No memory of previous levels.– Central Server PC issues commands for standard

scheduling.

Hope for Advances

• Open protocol with information stored in the ballast.– Offers an opportunity for other companies to develop

software, and drives existing package to improve.

• Existing Bus Master is RS-232 In –> DALI Out.– Future Bus Masters could have other inputs, and logic to

assist initial troubleshooting.

The Owner

The Ownerhas the final word

• amount of control• daylight harvesting• energy conservation• sustainable design• LEED experience

Benefits to Owner

The End

Q & A