Daimler the Road to Emission Free Driving

8/6/2019 Daimler the Road to Emission Free Driving

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The Road to Emission-free Driving.


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The Daimler initiative: Playing a key role in shaping

emission-free mobility.

The world is changing at a rapid pace and with it the overall

conditions under which automobiles operate. Individual mobilitand the transport o goods are basic human requirements,which must be upheld or uture generations. We must thereoremake road vehicles as sustainable and sae as possible. Thisguiding principle is our obligation, which entails conservingresources, preventing emissions, and ensuring the highestpossible level o road saet. This includes consistentlpromoting the development o intelligent mobilit concepts orurban regions. As the successors to Carl Benz and GottliebDaimler, the inventors o the car and the truck, we arepassionate in pressing ahead with urther innovations as wehave alread demonstrated with more than 80,000 patentapplications since Carl Benz irst presented his Patent MotorCar in 1886.

The experts at Daimler are not expecting one single technology

to play a dominant role in sustainable mobility, but are setting

out to provide tailor-made solutions to suit all requirements.

This applies to all four modes of road transportation: individual

mobility in passenger cars; public and private short- and

long-range transport in buses; goods transport by van and

truck; and special vehicles for public services, municipal

applications, and industry.

In our Road to Emission-ree Driving initiative, we are

concentrating on three ke areas o development:

optimizing vehicles with state-of-the-art internal combustion

engines,

further increasing efciency through made-to-measure

hybridization,

locally emission-free driving with vehicles powered by the

battery and the fuel cell.

With well-founded research ndings gained in the course of

successful large-scale projects for testing alternative vehicle

and drive concepts, we have laid the foundations for locally

emission-free driving.

High-tech internal combustion engines Hbridization made to measure Locall emission-ree driving

with the batter and the uel cell

The Road Map to Sustainable Mobilit

As the inventor of the car and the truck,

Daimler assumes responsibility for their future.

Our Road to Emission-free Driving stands for

our commitment to securing sustainable

mobility. Our aim is to markedly reduce fuel

consumption and emissions already today

and to eliminate them entirely in the long

term. To this end, we are developing a broad

spectrum of state-of-the-art drive technolo-

gies that meet the specific requirementsplaced on todays and tomorrows mobility

in all modes of road transportation.


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The Road to Emission-free Driving I 04-05

Society and mobility.

We are shaping the future. Mobility is the engine of

growth and prosperity for every modern society.

There are currentl more than 900 million vehicles on theworlds roads. Experts predict that this igure will more thandouble within less than 30 ears. Motor vehicles bothpassenger cars and commercial vehicles pla a crucial rolein this worldwide development.

The automobile is at the crossroads of various interests in which

increasingly high, diversied, and mutually inuencing requirements

are placed on its technology. Customers demand safe, comfortable,

high-performance vehicles which at the same time are to be moreand more economical and environment-friendly. These increasing

demands and the dynamically growing global need for mobility stand

in stark contrast to dwindling oil reserves, rising energy costs, and

increasingly stringent regulations that are by no means uniform on

an international scale. The task at hand is therefore to make the

automobile t for the future after all, no other transport medium

offers so much individual freedom. At the same time, motor

vehicles trucks, buses, vans, and passenger cars are one of

the worlds most powerful engines of growth and prosperity.

These days, 80 percent of all goods in the industrialized nations of

Europe are transported by truck. According to logistics experts,

the global transport volume will have doubled by the year 2030,

as compared to the gure for 2000. Each year, some 60 million

people move from rural areas to the cities, where they want to

be mobile. More than 50 million jobs throughout the world are

dependent on the automotive industry. If cars and commercial

vehicles are to continue to play a signicant role in the economy

and society, they must become more efcient and cleaner. We are

convinced that the key to sustainable mobility lies in innovation.

We are living out this principle with a multi-track, intelligent blend

of drive systems that caters to all of todays and tomorrowsmobility requirements.

Rural transport Urban transportLong-distance transport

Vehicles with internal combustion engines

Hybrid vehicles

Plug-in vehicles | Vehicles with range extender

Electric vehicles with battery

An intelligent blend o drive concepts or all mobilit scenariosThe key to environmentally compatible mobility that also caters to specic individual requirements is an intelligent blend of innovative

internal combustion engines, hybrid drives, and emission-free electric vehicles powered by the battery or the fuel cell.

Whether it be cars, buses, vans, or

heavy-duty trucks: Daimler offers

premium solutions for all mobility

requirements.

Electric vehicles with fuel cell

Diverse technical improvements have brought about a signicant reduction in noxious emission levels, despite the increase in transport volumes.

A turnaround has also been achieved in CO2

emissions. (Source: TREMOD)

Transportation volumes and emissions in German road traic

CO2

NOx

HCCO

1970 1980 20001990 20202010 2030

Introduction of three-way catalytic converter

1960

Transport volumes

PM100 %

300 %

500 %

700 %

planned drive variants (target)

implemented drive variants (current)


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No other premium carmaker is in a better overall position than

we are to fulfill the entire spectrum of expectations placed on

sustainable mobility.

The uture o the automobile is electric. This provocativestatement at times leads to alse conclusions: It is not theelectric car alone, whether powered b the uel cell or thebatter, that represents the technolog or a mobile uture.Rather, the ke to the mobilit o the uture lies in electrii-cation o the drivetrain. And this begins n ot with the driveunit itsel, but alread in the auxiliar units o the engine or example, electricall regulated power steering units,or water pumps that onl cut in when actuall required. The

batter is the ke component or all electriication mea-sures and at the same time presents the greatest technicalchallenge. Its eicienc and econom determine the successor ailure o opportunities or the uture o mobilit. How dothe carmakers intend to get to grips with CO

2? What drive

technolog is the most suitable or reducing uel consump-tion? And how can this all be reconciled with the desire orsaet, comort, and driving pleasure?Convincing answers to all these questions are given b Dr.Thomas Weber, member o the Board o Management oDaimler AG with responsibilit or Group Research andMercedes-Benz Cars Development.

Daimler has been a moving orce behind the overall develop-ment o road transportation or 125 ears rom individualmobilit in passenger cars to goods transport in commercialvehicles. Where is it all heading, Dr. Weber?Our objective is to secure sustainable mobility on a long-term

basis as anchored in our road map. We intend to be leaders in

green technologies while, on the other hand, not neglecting

typical Mercedes-Benz virtues such as safety, comfort, or superior

driving pleasure. We make high investments to this end. However,

Daimler and Mercedes-Benz do not only stand for topics of the

future such as electric automobiles powered by the fuel cell or the

battery. Our current models already today incorporate effective

technologies for even more efciency, environmental compatibility,

and safety. In the rst stage, we are setting out to achieve this with

our BlueEFFICIENCY measures for passenger cars with state-of-

the-art internal combustion engines. These include downsizing,

high-pressure supercharging, direct injection, and strategic

optimization measures on the vehicle itself, for example in matters

of aerodynamics, lightweight design, and energy management.

Great potential for further enhanced efciency is also offered by

made-to-measure hybridization in a number of stages.

How long will diesel- and gasoline-powered vehicles remainwhat the have been or man decades the mainsta omobilit in road transport?State-of-the-art internal combustion engines, both with and

without hybridization, are an indispensable option for the future.

They are needed, rst of all, simply because electric drive units

will not initially be able to be produced in required quantities and

at viable costs in the high-volume segment and because the

necessary infrastructure is still lacking. Over the next few

decades, the quality of internal combustion engines will thereforecontinue to determine how much fuel is in fact saved and what

levels of emission can thereby be prevented. One thing is certain:

Despite all progress, the electric automobile will not be able to

replace vehicles powered by internal combustion engines in the

short term, but will gradually extend the range of drive systems

for the future. Modern diesel and gasoline models w ill remain the

mainstay of the automotive world for a long time to come in

individual transport with passenger cars, especially on long

journeys, and above all in goods transport by truck. As a result

the engineers from Daimler and Mercedes-Benz have devised a

broad-based approach in which the internal combustion engine

is by no means obsolete but continues to play an important role.

Does that mean that even the electric vehicle is just one oseveral options?In public discussion, the impression has arisen that the era of the

electric automobile will be starting tomorrow. In fact, however,

while electric vehicles whether they are powered by fuel cells or

batteries or incorporate a range extender of fer enormous

potential in terms of environmental compatibility, they are yet to

reach large-scale production maturity. Along with a number of

technological challenges such as sufcient production capacity for

powerful and safe batteries, a comprehensive charging infrastruc -

ture still remains to be established, as does a hydrogen lling

station network. Locally emission-free, quiet, and highly efcient

driving is of particular interest above all in densely populated cities

where restricted access and environmental zones are now the rule

rather than the exception. The second generation of the smart

fortwo electric drive, of which a small series went into production

in mid-November 2009, is exemplary for an urban automobile.

On one single battery charge it attains a range of up to 135

kilometers, which is well suited to city application and is adequate

for more than three-fourths of all drivers.

The Road to Emission-free Driving I 0 6-07

The future of mobility.

Our solution: an intelligent blend of drive concepts.

The age of electromobility will not be ushered in at

the press of a button.

An interview with Dr. Thomas Weber, member o the Board o Management o Daimler AG with responsibilit orGroup Research & Mercedes-Benz Cars Development.


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So the energ storage medium will become the ke technolog?Thats right. A crucial requirement for any electric drive system is

a powerful, safe, and reliable energy storage unit. The performance

of the entire electrical system depends on the battery, starting

with its charging capacity. For this reason, Daimler is concentrat-

ing above all on developing a powerful traction battery. It must

have a long service life and a high level of crash safety as well as

being suitable for recycling. All these requirements are fullled by

the new lithium-ion battery, which has already demonstrated its

suitability in hybrid applications. Its advantages lie above all inits compact dimensions in combination with a considerably

higher performance as compared with the nickel-metal hydride

batteries used to date.

And thanks to its innovative cooling system and temperature

management, it has proved highly reliable independently of

climatic conditions and has excellent cold-starting ability. We are

also investigating further future-oriented battery concepts. Our

goal is to further increase energy density and to reduce weight

even though in our view, some of these concepts are still far

from reaching series maturity.

What does this all mean or Daimlers strateg?The outcome is an intelligent blend of drive concepts. In view

of the various vehicle categories, application proles, and

individual customers wishes, we are employing a number of

different concepts with made-to-measure drivetrain solutions

to suit all customers. Long-distance transport will continue to

be dominated by state-of-the-art internal combustion engines

with or without hybrid module, supplemented by fuel cell vehicles.

In rural driving, this scenario can be additionally supported by

plug-in hybrids and fuel cell automobiles. In urban trafc

especially in the increasing number of mega-cities throughout the

world the streetscape will be dominated by locally emission-free

vehicle concepts with battery and fuel cell drive.

With these prospects in mind, is it still conceivable that alarge Mercedes-Benz sedan would consume less than ourliters per 100 kilometers?Our Mercedes-Benz S 500 Plug-in HYBRID technology-bearer,

presented at the 2007 IAA, is the worlds rst luxury-segment

model in the three-liter category. This was achieved by means of

state-of-the-art hybrid drive technology and strategic optimization

measures in matters of aerodynamics, lightweight design, and

energy management. Our F 800 Style research vehicle is giving us

a glimpse into the future of the large sedan with the star: With its

efcient plug-in hybrid drive and a CO2

bonus for battery-electric

operation, it achieves a certied fuel consumption of just 2.9 liters

of gasoline per 100 kilometers. This yields an extremely low CO2

emission level of only 68 grams per kilometer. Whichever drive

technologies are used, comfortable, superior, and safe premium

automobiles such as the Mercedes-Benz E-Class and S-Class still

number among our core competencies. And this will remain so

in future.

Our strategy sets out to markedly reduce the fuel consumption and

emissions of our vehicles already today and to eliminate them entirely

in the long term.

For more than a centur, automobiles ran almost exclusivelon uels derived rom mineral oil. And or good reason: Shortreueling times, high operating ranges, a comprehensiveinrastructure, and avorable prices made the internalcombustion engine the driving orce o mobilit. However,there are now signs o a turnaround.

Highl diverse drive technologies in coexistence.Major advances have been made in the el ectrification of the

drivetrain, and small series of vehicles powered by the batteryand the fuel cell have already undergone practical trials with

customers. The battery as an energy storage medium has

likewise reached a new level of performance with state-of-the-art

lithium-ion technology. With its Road to Emission-free Driving

initiative, Daimler offers a product blend that is unique in the

industry, with highly diverse drive concepts to meet all mobility

requirements in urban, rural, and long-distance transport.

It is also clear that a wide variety of different drive technologies

will continue to exist side by side for quite some time to come. As

the inventor of the automobile and the worlds largest commercial

vehicle producer, Daimler is therefore intensively pursuing further

developments to secure sustainable mobility: with individual

mobility by car, public transport with buses, and goods transport

with light commercial vehicles and heavy-duty trucks. Mobility

needs variety.

Customer beneits and environmental compatibilit in ocus.This interdisciplinary grouping together and synergetic networking

of numerous activities for emission-free driving in all modes of road

transportation is unique throughout the world. Daimlers approach

involves vehicle concepts with modular drive technologies thatconsistently take into account both customer benefits and

environmental compatibility.

The three key points of emphasis in development are:

optimization of vehicles with state-of-the-art internal combustion

engines,

further increases in efficiency through made-to-measure

hybridization, and

locally emission-free driving with vehicles powered by the

fuel cell and the battery.

In this process, the company benefits from a broad basis of

knowledge gained over many years of its own research activities.

Mobility needs variety.

Daimler is oriented towards the diverse requirements

for mobility. Our solution for the future of mobility

comprises a hitherto unique blend of products.


The Road to Emission-Free Mobilit

Mercedes-Benz Cars

Mercedes-Benz

Me rc ed es -B en z Va ns D ai ml er Tr uc ks , D ai ml er Bu se s

Efcient internalcombustion engines

Hbridizationmade to measure

Emission-reeelectric drive

Alternative uels

BlueEFFICIENCy

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

BlueE FF ICIENCy Shaping Future TransportationCleanDrive Technologies

Intelligent Drive

smart

Documentation of diversity: Drive technologies in cross-sector application.

The future of mobility.


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A-BThe Road to Emission-free Driving I 10-11

High-tech internal

combustion engines.

The most important parameter for reducing fuelconsumption and emissions is the innovative,

energy-efcient internal combustion engine.

The qualit o our internal combustion engines determineshow much uel will be saved over the next 20 ears and whatquantities o emissions can thereb be prevented. Combustionengines both with and without the hybrid option will continue to

constitute the mainstay of our mobility for many years to come.

For all the major advances that attract widespread publicity, the

electric car will not be able to replace vehicles powered by the

internal combustion engine in the near future. Modern diesel- and

gasoline-powered vehicles will remain the driving force of mobility

for a long time in individual transport with passenger cars,

especially on long journeys, and above all in goods transport by truck.

Perhaps the best documentation of this performance is the fact

that the 40-tonne Mercedes- Benz Actros BlueTec combination

broke the world fuel efciency record in May 2008, with just

19.44 liters of diesel fuel per 100 kilometers. With a payload of

25 tonnes and an average speed of 80 kilometers per hour, this

series-produced truck consumed only 0.8 liters per 100 tonne-kilo-

meters on the test course in Nardo, corresponding to a CO2

emission

level of 20.5 grams per tonne of payload per kilometer (g/tkm).

Clinder cross-section clean, efcient internal combustion engines will

be the mainsta o mobilit or some time to come.


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The BLUETEC leet o Daimler Trucks: Light deliver vehicles, agile vans, multi-unctional special vehicles (Unimog, Econic), heav-dut trucks, andcomortable buses.

Mercedes-Benz E-Class Coup

BlueEFFICIENCy

The Mercedes-Benz E-Class Coup

creates a special link between emotion

and efciency. The most aerodynamic

coup variant also sets a new record in

terms of air resistance: With a Cd gure

of just 0.24, this model has been the

worlds most aerodynamically rened

series-produced automobile since 2009.

The irst o three ocal points on Daimlers road map is theoptimization o vehicles with internal combustion engine.Constant improvements and new developments are makinggasoline and diesel engines not onl more powerul, butabove all more eicient and cleaner: According to a recentACEA stud, 100 modern vehicles produce less emissions onaverage than one single automobile rom the 1970s. Thediesel consumption o heav-dut vehicles has been reducedb more than one-third.

With BLUETEC, Daimler has been offering clean diesel technol-

ogy in commercial vehicles since 2005 and in an adapted

version also for passenger cars since 2006. As well as reducing

pollutant emissions, BLUETEC also cuts fuel consumption by two to

ve percent; this means up to 2,000 liters less diesel consumption

per vehicle and year. This technology also constitutes the basis

for compliance with the next stage of Euro 6 emissions legislation;

and it is the key to our trucks and buses compliance with the

stringent EPA 10 limits of the NAFTA states and JP 09 in Japan.

In passenger cars too, Daimler is the pioneer of efciency. The most

economical model of the new-generation Mercedes-Benz C-Class

is now even more fuel-efcient: The C 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY

with manual six-speed transmission and standard ECO start / stop

function consumes an average of only 4.4 liters of diesel fuel

per 100 kilometers 0.4 liters less than in the past. This is

equivalent to 117 grams of CO2

per kilometer. The worlds most

fuel-efcient luxury sedan with internal combustion engine, the

Mercedes-Benz S 250 CDI Blue EFFICIENCY, offers the highest level

of driving comfort and safety, but consumes just 5.7 liters per 100

kilometers.

Gasoline models that are just as economical as diesels this is

made possible by the new generation of BlueDIRECT six- and

eight-cylinder engines, which since 2010 have been successively

introduced in numerous Mercedes-Benz model series. The powerand torque of these engines have been increased over the pre-

decessor versions, while consumption has been reduced by up

to one-fourth. In terms of fuel economy, the state-of-the-art

BlueDIRECT gasoline direct injection engines from Mercedes-Benz

have come another step closer to matching the diesel power units.

The targeted BlueEFFICIENCY measures enhance fuel economy

especially with the ECO star t / stop function, which is already

standard in many vehicles and which Mercedes-Benz will offer in

more than 50 models across its entire product range as of mid-2011.

In the commercial vehicle sector, too, Daimler is shaping the future

of mobility with its highly efcient, clean drive systems: With its

CleanDrive Technologies for non-pollutant drive systems and

alternative fuels, Daimlers Commercial Vehicle division is shaping

the future of mobility.

Already today, more than 500,000 vehicles from all the corporate

truck, bus, and van brands are on the move throughout the world

with CleanDrive Technologies. They illustrate various approaches

to the ambitious aim of the zero-emission commercial vehicle.

Along with the clean, efcient BLUETEC technology for diesel

engines, low-emission and quiet natural gas drive systems are a

further option especially in city trafc. Alternative fuels also have

the potential to cut emissions and to reduce our dependence on

fossil energy sources.

The BlueEFFICIENCy package in all passenger car series.Daimler is grouping together measures for fuel consumption

reduction in gasoline and diesel car models in so-called

BlueEFFICIENCY packages, which will be available for 128

Mercedes-Benz passenger car models by the end of 2011.

Depending on individual model series, the tailor-made packages

comprise various measures within the engine and a combination

of numerous technologies for reducing a vehicles weight. The

BlueEFFICIENCY package also includes low rolling-resistance

tires, optimized aerodynamics, and the ECO start-stop function

as a preliminary to hybridization.

Mercedes-Benz passenger cars 1990 2011: Exemplary reductions in fuel consumption (NEDC gure) in the C-, E-, and S-Class.

Development o uel consumption reduction: Mercedes-Benz C-, E-, and S-Class 1990 2011

1990 2011

l /100 km

Gasoline Diesel

C-ClassC-Class E-ClassE-Class S-ClassS-Class

5

10

190 E 1.8

C 180 Komp. BlueEF.

190 D 2.5

C 220 CDI BlueEF.

300 D

E 250 CDI BlueEF.

300 SD

S 250 CDI BlueEF.

300 E-24

E 250 CGI BlueEF.

420 SE

S 350 BlueEF.

8.0

-45 %

4.4 8.4

-42 %

4.912.8 6.6

-48 %

13.6 7.6

-44 %

11.0 5.7

-48 %

10.2 6.4

-37 %

High-tech internal combustion engines.

Constant optimization: Internal combustion engines

are the mainstay of mobility.


BLUETEC technolog

A modular concept, BLUETEC reduces the various raw emissions

within the engine and subsequently puries the exhaust gas. All

emission components are considerably reduced step by step, for

example with the oxidation catalytic converter and the particulate

trap. A further important aim is to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.

This is the only exhaust component that is still inherently higher in

diesel engines than in gasoline engines. For this purpose, AdBlue, a

harmless aqueous carbamide solution, is injected into the exhaust

stream. Ammonia is thereby formed, which reduces up to 80 percent

of the nitrogen oxides to harmless nitrogen and water in the down-

stream SCR catalytic converter. More than 382,000 trucks and buses

from Daimler equipped with BLUETEC are now proving their worth in

the harsh conditions of everyday operation. A truck with BLUETEC, for

example, emits about 60 percent less nitrogen oxides and 80 percent

less soot particles.


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BlueEFFICIENCy is the trademark or highl economical, environmentall compatible Mercedes-Benz passenger cars. The leet will have grown to a

total o 128 models b the end o 2011.

Optimized diesel engines.In Mercedes-Benz passenger cars, the fourth generation of

common-rail direct injection (CDI) adapts fuel injection even more

precisely to various conditions of load and engine speed. The higher

injection pressure increases the engines output and, thanks to its

superior combustion, reduces raw emissions. The piezo injectors

also match the fuel injection to the momentary driving situation.

This means lower levels of emission, fuel consumption, and noise.

The four-cylinder CDI engine in the Mercedes E-Class develops 150

kW (204 hp) while only consuming 5.3 liters per 100 kilometers. Ascompared to the predecessor model, this means a 20 percent higher

output and 24 percent lower CO2

emissions. The V6 turbodiesel unit,

used for example in the Mercedes-Benz C 350 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY,

in combination with the 7G-TRONIC PLUS automatic transmission

and the ECO start / stop function offers superior output and torque:

195 kW (265 hp) and 620 Nm with a combined consumption

gure of 5.9 liters per 100 kilometers.

The new CDI technology is also used in Daimlers smallest vehicle:

The current smart fortwo cdi has a combined fuel consumption

gure of just 3.3 liters per100 kilometers, corresponding to CO2

emissions of only 86 grams per kilometer. This agile city car thus

defends its world-leading position as the CO2

champion among

vehicles with internal combustion engine.

New Engine Generation stands for the latest interdisciplinary engine

development from Daimler Trucks. The Fuso 6R10 engine complies

with JP 09, currently the worlds most stringent emissions standard.

This powerful engine is being used for the rst time in Japan in the

Fuso Super Great. All engines of the New Engine Generation (except

the EPA 07) include BlueTec emission technology for a signicantreduction in the emissions of nitrogen oxides, particulate matter,

and CO2

and are the same time highly economical. The 6R10 for

the Fuso Super Great, with a displacement of 12.8 liters and power

outputs currently ranging from 257 kW (350 hp) to 338 kW (460 hp),

is ideally suited to the customer requirements of the Japanese mar-

ket. In future, the New Engine Generation will also power Mercedes-

Benz trucks. This already opens the door to maximum-efciency

combustion engines of the next generation, which in conjunction

with BlueTec emission technology, exhaust gas recirculation, and a

closed-loop diesel particulate lter will meet the Euro 6 standard.

Optimized gasoline engines.Performance and agility matched with high fuel economy this

was the objective in the ongoing development of CGI (stratied

charged gasoline injection) engines for Mercedes-Benz passenger

cars. The CGI process enhances combustion efciency. The precisely

metered quantity of gasoline required in a given driving situation is

injected into the cylinders. In May 2010, Mercedes-Benz reached a

new milestone in efciency: Thanks to further innovations such

as third-generation direct injection, a fully variable valve train,

new combustion processes, and a multi-spark ignition, the newBlueDIRECT V6 and V8 engines consume up to 24 percent less fuel

than their predecessors, despite generating greater power and torque.

Further savings will be made in future with fuel-efcient stratied

combustion processes, reduced friction within the engine, and lower

power consumption in the auxiliary units.

In the absolute top segment, the CLS 63 AMG is setting standards

with the new AMG V8 biturbo engine. Its key data: 5,461 cc

displacement, a maximum output of 386 kW (525 hp) and 700

newton-meters of torque, and fuel consumption of only 9.9 liters

per 100 kilometers (NEDC gure) with CO2

emissions of 231 g / km.

With these gures, the CLS 63 AMG not only signicantly

undercuts the values of all its direct competitors, but is also more

fuel-efcient than much less powerful vehicles.

Requiring just 19.44 liters o diesel per 100 kilometers, the 40 -tonne Mercedes-Benz Actros trailer /tractor combination holds the Guinness World

Record in the categor most uel-eicient 40-tonne truck. During a seven-da trial drive over 13,000 kilometers on the Nardo test circuit in southern

Ital in Ma 2008, the Actros demonstrated that the vision o the one-liter vehicle is alread a realit in the commercial vehicle sector.


New Engine Generation

The New Engine Generation stands for the latest

interdisciplinary engine development from Daimler Trucks.

The Fuso 6R10 engine complies with JP 09, currently the

worlds most stringent emissions standard and is already

installed, for example, in the new Fuso Super Great.


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Snthetic uels help cut consumption and emissions.

Since conventional fuels such as gasoline or diesel will continue

to predominate for a number of years to come, their optimization

is a top priority. The objective: universal availability of high-quality

and sulfur-free fuels.

1. CNG (compressed natural gas) is a promising option for

certain applications, since it has a lower carbon content than

gasoline or diesel.

2. BTL (biomass-to-liquid) fuels will acquire increasing signicance

as soon as they are produced on a large-scale industrial

basis. Daimler is promoting the development and application

of largely CO2-neutral synthetic biofuels which make optimal

use of the biomass, are free of sulfur and aromatics, and do

not directly compete with food and fodder production. They

can be excellently matched to the requirements of the internal

combustion engine.

3. GTL (gas-to-liquid) fuels are the cleanest and highest-quality

fuels for diesel engines after BTL fuels. GTL diesel is free of

sulfur and can be well matched to the requirements of the

internal combustion engine.

4. Hydrogen is the energy medium for fuel cell automobiles.

The hydrogen used in the fuel cell reacts w ith oxygen to

yield water. Until now, the worlds hydrogen requirements

have been largely fullled by the re formation of steam fromnatural gas. Since this hydrogen production process still

gives rise to CO2

emissions as a result of the carbon content

of the natural gas, appropriate economically viable processes

for hydrogen production from renewable sources must be

developed. Hydrogen generated by this means is the fuel of

the future, which in combination with the fuel cell e nsures

mobility free of pollutants and CO2. Environment-friendly

hydrogen production processes include electrolysis using

electricity generated from renewable sources (at hydroelectric,

wind, solar or geothermal power plants) and the gasication

of biomass.

5. Biofuels of the rst generation, such as bioethanol or

biodiesel (rapeseed methyl ester, RME), are suitable for the

short to medium term as blend additives for conventional

fossil fuels within the range of concentrations suitable for

the respective vehicles as long as negative consequences

for food production are prevented. Hydrotreated vegetable

oils (HVO), which give rise to only few emissions and are

produced on an industrial scale, are suited as an interim

solution prior to the introduction of second-generation biofuels

and can be blended with conventional fuels without restric-

tion in high quantities.

The development o uels goes hand in hand with that o drive sstems. New alternative uels provide urther potential orreducing uel consumption and emissions.

Power plants or high-tech engines:

The development and introduction of

synthetic diesel fuels from biomass, by the

name of SunDiesel, have been at the focus

of Daimlers attention since 2005.

Driving with natural gas: NGT (natural gas technolog).In terms of both ecology and economy, natural gas drive is a viable

alternative to conventional drive concepts. In comparison with

conventional gasoline or diesel fuels, its advantages lie in a lower

carbon content and low-emission combustion. Moreover, natural

gas engines run very quietly and produce less CO2

than diesel

engines. To date, natural gas vehicles still have the disadvantages

of intricate fuel storage in bulky pressure cylinders and a limited

lling station infrastructure. Thanks to their bivalent drive units,

NGT passenger cars such as the Mercedes-Benz E 200 NGTBlueEFFICIENCY or the B 170 NGT BlueEFFICIENCY can run either

on natural gas or on premium gasoline.

The Mercedes-Benz Sprinter NGT BlueEFFICIENCY with bivalent

natural gas drive has also been available since 2008. The Mercedes-

Benz Citaro CNG is manufactured both as a solo and an articulated

bus with natural gas engine; more than 1,600 of these vehicles are

already in operation throughout the world. This was the rst

line-service urban bus with natural gas drive to comply with the EEV

(Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle) exhaust standards. The

Mercedes-Benz Econic NGT likewise undercuts the Euro V and EEV

limits and is characterized by low noise emissions; around 1,000 of

these trucks are on the roads of Europe in municipal service,collecting, and distribution operations. 1,300 natural gas vehicles on

the basis of the MT45 walk-in delivery van have been delivered since

2000 by the Freightliner Custom Chassis Corporation (FCCC).

Whether it be the Mercedes-Benz Citaro, the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter, the Mercedes-Benz Econic, or the Mercedes-Benz B-Class and E-Class: Natural

gas engines compl with the stringent EEV standards.




10/25

Hybridization made to measure.A milestone for further enhanced efciency.

The ke to greater efcienc and environmental compatibilitlies in the electrifcation o the drivetrain.This offers greatpotential for improvement, which is being realized for example in

auxiliary units, the automatic start/stop system, and hybridization.

For this second stage of Daimlers road map, we have developed

a modular hybrid system that offers various possibilities for

extension in terms of performance and range of vehicle applications.

All hybrid drive variants can be realized on this basis: from so-called

mild hybrids, with electric recuperation and boost function, up to

purely electric driving.

A further option is the plug-in hybrid, in which the battery can be

recharged from a domestic power socket to extend the vehicles

electric operating range. The Mercedes-Benz Vision 500 Plug-in

HYBRID provides a glimpse of this full-hybrid technology. With the

next-generation S-Class, Mercedes-Benz will incorporate this

highly efcient combination of internal combustion engine and

electric motor into series manufacture.

Electric drive hbrid drive units, which combine internal combustion

engines and electric motors, represent a milestone along the road

toward enhanced drive sstem efcienc.



11/25

Hybridization made to measure.

Boosting efficiency. The modular hybrid system is

suited to a wide range of applications in passenger

cars and commercial vehicles.

The modular hbrid sstem

The modular hbrid sstem, which makes or great versatilit in terms o power output and range o applications, reconciles econom with driving

pleasure: Hbrid modules and batteries can be combined with various perormance data o the economical, high-torque gasoline and diesel engines.

Just like the engines, all hbrid modules are compatible with the 7G-TRONIC automatic transmission. On this basis, diverse, highl customer-orientedhbrid drive variants can be realized up to the ull hbrid, which can also operate in purel electrical mode. A urther option is the plug-in hbrid, in

which the batter can also be recharged rom a domestic power socket to increase the electric operating range.

Mercedes-Benz S 400 HyBRID: The irst hbrid vehicle to be oered b a European manuacturer.

Transmission Combustion enginesBatteries Hbrid modules

7 Ah

30 Ah

45 Ah

15 kW

45 kW

65 kW

7G-TRONIC

7G-TRONIC PLUS

The uture o the modular hbrid sstem is shown b theMercedes-Benz Vision 500 Plug-in HyBRID.This vehicles hybrid module also allows driving in purely electric

mode. The more powerful, likewise disc-shaped electric motor

differs only slightly from the hybrid module in the Mercedes-Benz

S 400 HYBRID and can also be integrated into the 7G-TRONIC

housing. This conguration leaves sufcient space for an isolator

coupling additionally located between the internal combustion

engine and the electric motor: It separates the two dri ve units in

purely electric mode so that the combustion engine can be cut offcompletely. Moreover, this conguration allows full recuperation

without drag loss in the engine. With a certied consumption of

only 3.2 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers and a purely electric

operating range of 30 kilometers, the Mercedes-Benz Vision

S 500 Plug-in HYBRID offers g reen technology in a fascinating

luxury-category vehicle.

The near-series diesel hbrid stud car.The combination of various hybrid modules is also demonstrated in

the Vision Mercedes-Benz E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID. This study car

equipped with the new four-cylinder diesel engine sounds out the

fuel-savings potential with its low combined consumption gure of

just 4.5 liters per 100 kilometers. The highly efcient emission

control unit combines the functions of oxidation catalytic converter,

diesel particulate lter, and BLUETEC with AdBlue injection. The

near-series Mercedes-Benz E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID study vehicle

thus also has the potential to comply with BIN5 and EU6, theworlds most stringent emission standards.

Mercedes-Benz S 400 HyBRID: the irst production vehiclewith a lithium-ion batter.With the Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID introduced on the market

in 2009, Daimler was the first European manufacturer to offer a

hybrid passenger car from large-series production. The modular

concept, realized in this premium automobile for the first time,

shows how hybrid drive configurations can be efficiently realized

to meet a wide variety of requirements. The key component is a

battery based on lithium-ion technology, which is superior in

terms of power output and storage capacity. The second elementis the compact hybrid module, which develops 15 kilowatts in the

Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID.

The disc-shaped electric motor is conveniently located in the

torque converter housing between the engine and the 7G-TRONIC

seven-speed automatic transmission. The compact unit also

functions as a starter motor and generator. The hybrid module for

example includes the ECO start-stop function. During braking,

the electric motor functions as a generator and can recuperate

kinetic energy. The energy recovered by this means is stored in a

new high-voltage lithium-ion battery specially developed for

automotive application. The major advantages of the lithium-ion

battery over conventional batteries are its higher energy densityand more favorable electrical efficiency despite its more compact

dimensions and lower weight. The battery has an exceptionally

high cycle stability a service li fe of at least ten years is attainable

under normal conditions of use.

Ah = ampere-hour kW = kilowatt

R4 gasoline engine

R4 diesel engine

V6 gasoline engine

V6 diesel engine


Mercedes-Benz Vision S 500 Plug-in HyBRID: The luxur categor on the wa to the three-liter automobile.


12/25

More than 1,000 hbrid vehicles such as the Freightliner M2 106 Hbrid have alread let the production line at the commercial vehicle plant inMount Holl, North Carolina (let). Over 2,200 Orion hbrid buses are now a regular sight on the roads o the United States (right).The Mercedes-Benz Citaro G BlueTec Hbrid articulated bus and the commercial vehicles rom Fuso are alread toda heralding the technological changetowards the zero-emission vehicle.

The Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hbrid received the 2010 German

Sustainabilit Award and was voted Truck o the year 2011.

O to a good start with leet tests.Alternative drive technologies from Daimler Trucks and Daimler

Buses are now being put to everyday use with customers in

further product segments and regions. In North America, most

of the 1,500 Freightliner M2 hybrid trucks have already been

delivered to customers. Thomas Built Buses is now producing

hybrid versions of the companys legendary school buses. In

Japan, the Fuso Aero Star Eco Hybrid is now already the second

generation of hybrid buses to be launched on the market. In

London, Europes largest eet test with hybrid trucks was alreadyinitiated with ten Mitsubishi Fuso Canter Eco Hybrid vehicles in

August 2008. The Global Hybrid Center in Kawasaki, Japan, also

opened in August 2008, now coordinates the worldwide hybrid

activities of Daimler Trucks and is currently developing new

systems. The rst of a total of 30 Mercedes-Benz diesel hybrid

buses have already been in regular everyday service since 2010.

This new vehicle concept is already shaping the technological shift

towards the zero-emission vehicle.

With its hbrid modules, Daimler is also setting new standardsin the commercial vehicle sector.

In commercial vehicles, too, Daimler is pressing ahead with drasti-

cally reducing fuel consumption, CO2

levels, and exhaust emissions.

These activities are grouped together in the Shaping Future

Transportation initiative launched in late 2007. A key role in the

quest for the drive system of tomorrow is played by hybrid technolo-

gies, which depending on the type of application are expected to

bring about savings in diesel consumption of up to one-third.

With the Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hybrid, we are offering this

particularly low-emission technology ex-factory for the rst time in

Europe. Its compact, lightweight four-cylinder diesel engine with a

displacement of 4.8 liters develops an output of 160 kW (218 hp)

and a maximum torque of 810 Nm. It also features a water-cooled

electric motor, which has a peak output of 44 kW and a maximum

torque of 420 Nm and is supplied by lithium-ion batteries with high

energy and power ratings.

The electric motor is located behind the combustion engine and

clutch, but in front of the transmission. In so-called parallel

hybrid mode, the electric motor and combustion engine can

power the truck either alone or in tandem. This architecture

allows electric starting, regenerative braking, and boosting by

the electric motor and optimizes the characteristics of the diesel

engine. This not only signicantly reduces fuel consumption and

exhaust emissions by up to 15 percent, but also makes for less

noise emission. Use of the start / stop function during stops at

trafc lights reduces fuel consumption, emissions, and noise to

zero. The rst fty Atego BlueTec Hybrid trucks were delivered to

German customers from the goods distribution sector in early

2011. The Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hybrid received the

German Sustainability Award in the category of Germanys

most sustainable products / services in 2010 and was votedTruck of the Year 2011.

World leader in hbrid drive sstems or commercial vehicles.Large numbers of buses and trucks of Daimlers Orion, Freight-

liner, and Mitsubishi Fuso brands are already in operation with

customers in the United States and Japan. With some 3,200

Orion Hybrid buses on the roads of North America, more than

1,500 Freightliner vehicles, and over 1,100 light trucks and buses

from Mitsubishi Fuso, Daimler is world market leader in hybrid

drive systems for commercial vehicles. Together with the natural

gas-powered Mercedes-Benz trucks, buses, and vans in Europe,

the eet of vehicles delivered by Daimler to its customers already

numbers more than 15,500 commercial vehicles with alternative

drive concepts in practical operation.

No other manufacturer offers more commercial vehicles

with hybrid drive.


Hybridization made to measure.


13/25

Battery and Fuel Cell.Locally emission-free driving. Electric vehicles powered

by the battery and the fuel cell make an important

contribution to sustainable mobility.

The uture has begun: Numerous electric and uel cell testvehicles have proven their worth in feld trials. The technicalfeasibility of electromobility has thus been demonstrated. The

manufacture of highly diverse vehicles is now under way: The

smart fortwo electric drive, Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-C ELL,

Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-CELL, Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL,

Fuso Canter E-CELL, and Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid

are already in operation today. But there are still a number of

challenges that will prevent electric automobiles from being a

familiar sight on the roads in the near future. Boosting operating

range and performance, cutting systems costs, and establishing

an infrastructure are the requirements that yet remain to be

fullled for trouble-free, comfortable operation.

Charging sockets recharging with electricit or locall emission-ree

driving with standardized charging plugs.



14/25


15/25


A calculation that makes sense.Our electric vehicles have lower levels of fuel consumption and

noise pollution than conventionally powered vehicles, offer the

same amount of safety and spaciousness and provide no end of

driving pleasure. Thanks to the electric motor maximum torque is

available right from the start, allowing power ful acceleration. These

features are shared by all current and future electric vehicles from

Daimler, such as the smart fortwo electric drive, Mercedes-Benz

A-Class E-CELL, Vito E-CELL, SLS AMG E-CELL, B-Class F-CELL,

Citaro FuelCELL HYBRID, and Fuso Canter E-CELL.

A locall emission-ree, agile cit car.It has everything on board that makes a smart a smart except a

combustion engine. Rather, the smart fortwo electric drive is

powered by a 30 kW (41 hp) electric motor: economically, quietly,

and locally emission-free. With an acceleration from 0 to 60 km / h

in 6.5 seconds, this agile city car is hard to beat at trafc lights.

Its highly efcient lithium-ion battery is well protected in the

sandwich underoor unit between the axles. The two-seater can

be recharged either from a domestic power socket or at a public

charging station. A single battery charge is sufcient for a range of

135 kilometers, which is ideal for city trafc. Large-scale produc-

tion of the smart fortwo electric drive is due to commence in 2012.

Pure electric driving pleasure on just two wheels is promised by

the smart prototypes escooter and ebike. The smart escooter

offers safety systems that are unique for this category of vehicle,such as ABS, airbag, and Blind Spot Assist, and its 4 kW (5.4 hp)

electric motor provides it with a range of up to 100 kilometers.

With the ebike, the cyclist is assisted by an electric motor up to a

speed of 25 km / h. These smart two-wheelers, introduced in

late 2010, perfectly round off the range of vehicles for emission-

free urban mobility.

Electromobility today.

Zero emissions, full emotions. Electric vehicles from

Daimler are not only particularly clean and quiet, but

also offer maximum driving pleasure.

Five seats and ull lexibilit in the interior make the Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-CELL the ideal electric amil car. The absolute superlative among

electric vehicles in terms o perormance, drive technolog, and design is the SLS AMG E-CELL (right).

The frst amil car or cit driving.The A-Class E-CELL is the rst series-produced battery-powered

electric car from Mercedes-Benz. This family-friendly ve-seater,

which is entirely suitable for everyday use, offers a spacious,

versatile interior and trunk with no compromise in spacious-

ness and variability, since the two highly efcient lithium-ion

batteries are safely and conveniently located in the underoor

unit. They make for a range of over 200 kilometers (NEDC gure).

A quiet, locally emission-free electric motor provides a peak

power of no less than 70 kW (95 hp) and a generous torque of290 Nm. With an acceleration from 0 to 60 km / h in 5.5 seconds

and an electronically limited top speed of 150 km / h, the electric

A-Class is designed to meet the requirements of urban mobility.

Production of a total of 500 units of the A-Class E- CELL began in

Rastatt in late 2010.

The Gullwing electrifed.An electric car for both country roads and the racetrack was

created by Mercedes-AMG in the summer of 2010 in the form of

the SLS AMG E-CELL concept car. This vehicle is powered by

four synchronous electric motors located near the wheels, with

a combined peak output of 392 kW (533 hp) and a maximum torque

of 880 Nm. Acceleration from 0 to 100 km / h in 4.0 seconds and a

high-voltage lithium-ion battery with a capacity of 48 kWh are

further outstanding gures of this Gullwing mode l. The fascinating

super sportscar with locally emission-free electric drive will beavailable in the showrooms as of 2013.

Daimlers generous oer o electric vehicles ranges rom cit cars and bikes to vans and the super sportscar (right). Ideall suited or locall

zero-emission cit mobilit are the smart ortwo electric drive and the prototpes smart escooter and ebike (let).


16/25

The uture o local transportation.The latest fuel cell technology is also used in the Mercedes-Benz

Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid city bus. The hybrid system with fuel

cell, electric motor, and lithium-ion batteries is characterized by

outstanding environmental compatibility: This bus emits no

pollutants during operation and is almost silent, so it is ideal for

use in highly burdened inner-city areas and in mega-cities. On

the roof are seven cylinders containing 35 kg of hydrogen in all.

The water-cooled lithium-ion batteries have a capacity of 27 kWh,

which is sufcient to power the electric motors at a constant 120kW (163 hp). The Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid makes for

permanently zero-emission local public transport and thus

constitutes a key element of mobility for the future.

The irst uel cell automobile in series production.Manufacture of a small series of the Mercedes-Benz B-Class

F-CELL commenced in late 2009. With its 700-bar hydrogen tank

in the sandwich oor unit, the rst fuel cell passenger car from

Mercedes-Benz to be produced under series conditions attains an

operating range of around 400 kilometers. Its electric motor

develops an output of 100 kilowatts, with a torque of 290 newton-

meters, and thus has the power rating of a two-liter gasoline engine.

The clean, quiet, and powerful fuel cell drive unit consumes 3.3 liters

per 100 kilometers (diesel equivalent) and makes for a top speedof 170 km / h. The next step toward market introduction has

already been taken: In December 2010, Mercedes-Benz delivered

the rst of a total of 200 B-Class F-CELL cars in Germany and the

United States. In California alone, 70 B-Class vehicles with fuel

cell will be handed over to customers by 2012.

Emission-ree, quiet as a whisper, and eas on natural resources: The Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL Hbrid (let). The Mercedes-Benz B-Class

F-CELL (right) makes or emission-ree driving with a range o up to 400 kilometers and accommodates up to ive people.

A van with green charging.With the rst battery-electric truck available ex-factory from an

automotive manufacturer, Mercedes-Benz is opening up a new

chapter in drive technology for lig ht commercial vehicles. Its

zero-emission drive and its maximum payload of 900 kg make

the Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL ideal for use in inner-city zones

and environmentally sensitive areas. The lithium-ion batteries

of the Vito E-CELL are located in the underoor unit and thus

do not restrict load space. They have a combined capacity of 36

kWh, which is sufcient for a range of around 130 kilometers.The Vito E-CELL thus meets the average customer requirements

for a range of 50 to 80 kilometers per day, plus a generous

reserve. Its electric motor has an output of 60 kW (82 hp), with

280 Nm of torque and a top speed of 80 km / h that is highly

suitable for this type of vehicle. The dynamic per formance of

the Vito E-CELL is therefore in keeping with the accustomed

high level of modern diesel engines. Following its successful

start in the major cities of Berlin and Stuttgart, this electrically

powered van has been in active ser vice in Spains Basque country

since earl y 2011.

The silent light-dut truck.The near-series Fuso Canter E-CELL study vehicle shows how

emission-free mobility can be realized in the next-highest weight

class. The purely electrically powered light- duty truck is based on

a Canter with a gross vehicle weight of 3.5 tonnes. Its 40 kWh

lithium-ion batteries housed in the chassis frame allow a range

of 120 kilometers. The 70 kW (95 hp) electric motor, positioned

between the batteries and the driven twin-tired rear axle, has a

maximum torque of 300 Nm and accelerates the electric truck

to its limited top speed of 80 km / h. The Canter E-CELL is thenext step after the successful Fuso Canter Eco Hybrid with parallel

hybrid drive, of which more than 1,100 units have been sold.


An initial batch o 100 Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL vans, the irst in the world to be equipped with electric drive ex-actor, were delivered to

customers b the end o 2010; a urther 2,000 units are planned or 2011 (let). The Fuso Canter E-CELL with the latest-generation uel cell drive

celebrated its world premiere in 2010 at the IAA Commercial Vehicles (right).

Electromobility today.


17/25

The frst public hdrogen flling station in the state o Baden-Wrttemberg a joint venture o OMV, Linde, and Daimler (above).

The Mercedes-Benz HSyS Sprinter F-CELL has been established as part o an EU project.

In the F-CELL World Drive, three Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-CELL cars are being driven around the world in 125 das.

Projects with a future.

For a mobile future. Daimler creates initiatives for the

infrastructure and mobility.

The H2 Mobilit initiative or a hdrogen inrastructure.In September 2009, the leading industrial enterprises reached an

agreement on the establishment of a close-knit hydrogen supply

infrastructure for Germany. Daimler, EnBW, Linde, OMV, Shell,

Total, Vattenfall, and the National Organization for Hydrogen and

Fuel Cell Technology (NOW) have the common aim of expediting

series manufacture of electric vehicles with fuel cell. The memo -

randum of understanding is based on an initiative by Daimler and

Linde concerning the establishment of a comprehensive hydrogen

filling station network.


Daimler is supporting the establishment o a close-knit inra-structure or demand-based electromobilit.However, this calls for investments that can only be shouldered

through a concerted effort in conjunction with partners from the

industry. According to a recent McKinsey study, setting up an

appropriate infrastructure for around a million fuel cell vehicles

in Europe by 2020 will cost about three billion euros. As part of

the H2 Mobility initiative for Germany, we are expecting demand

for 1,000 hydrogen lling stations; this will entail an overall

investment of one billion euros. An appropriate infrastructureis also required for battery-powered vehicles. We are assuming

a demand for 400,000 charging points to be installed by 2020,

which calls for an investment of up to two billion euros. Daimler

will continue contributing to the development of the infrastructure

with a holistic approach, for example as a member of the Clean

Energy Partnership (CEP) for the promotion of hydrogen as a fuel

of the future. Only by this means can a convincing overall solution

be realized, from the vehicles themselves up to a charging and

refueling infrastructure for electricity and hydrogen.

Ambassadors o the uel cell. Electric cars with fuel cells can revolutionize our mobility once

again. The vehicle technology of the B-Class F-CELL has reached

maturity, but the refueling infrastructure remains a limiting

factor. To demonstrate the efciency and everyday practicality

of this pioneering technology while at the same time pressing

ahead with the development of a global hydrogen lling station

network, the F-CELL World Drive with the B-Class F- CELL was

launched on 29 January, 2011 one day after the ofcial 125th

birthday of the automobile: around the world in 125 days overaround 30,000 kilometers, through highly diverse climate zones,

and over a wide variety of road surfaces from asphalt to gravel.

The B-Class F- CELL has thus become the global ambassador of

a new, locally emission-free mobility of the future. To secure fuel

supplies for the cars throughout all stages of this tour, hydrogen

tank vehicles are stationed at the various starting and end

points. The objective is to ensure that drivers can refuel with

hydrogen anywhere in the world in future as with gasoline and

diesel today.

Mercedes-Benz HSyS Sprinter F-CELL.

Im Rahmen des EU-Frderprojektes HySYS

wurde 2010 ein Mercedes-Benz Sprinter mit

Brennstoffzellenantrieb aufgebaut und ge-

testet. Ziel des 2005 von 25 Projektpartnern

aufgelegten Projektes war es, Brennstoff-

zellenantriebs- und systemkomponenten

weiterzuentwickeln und die Zusammenarbeit

zwischen OEMs, Zulieferern und Instituten

im europischen Raum zu verbessern.

Mercedes-Benz HSyS Sprinter F-CELL

As part of the EU-funded HySYS project, a Mercedes-Benz

Sprinter was equipped with a fuel cell drive system and tested

in 2010. The aim of this project, initiated by 25 project partners

in 2005, was to advance the development of fuel cell drive and

system components and to enhance the cooperation between

OEMs, suppliers, and institutes throughout Europe.


18/25

In the state o birth o the automobile, vehicles rom Daimler powered b both batteries and the uel cell are on the move as part o the e-mobilit

Baden-Wrttemberg project.

e-mobilit: The uture is electric.With its intelligent, solution-oriented approach, the e-mobility

project of Daimler together with partners from the political sphere

and energy suppliers is answering the question of how electro-

mobility can be made economically viable in practice. Electric

vehicles of the Mercedes-Benz and smart brands have already

proved successful since 2009 in e-mobility projects in Germany,

France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland. Further

markets include Belgium, the Netherlands, Portugal, Denmark,

the Czech Republic, and North America (the United States andCanada). Daimler, for example, is providing over 100 electric

vehicles for the Berlin project; and the partner RWE is installing

500 electric charging stations throughout the city that are to be

supplied exclusively by electricity from renewable sources.

Baden-Wrttemberg is set to become a model region orelectromobilit.The e-mobility Baden-Wrttemberg initiative was jointly launched

by EnBW Energie Baden-Wrttemberg AG and Dai mler in June

2010. Its objective is to transform the state of birth of the auto -

mobile into a model region for locally emission-free electromo-

bility within the next two years. The initiatives starting point is the

state capital, Stuttgart; a further regional focus will be Karlsruhe.

EnBW is contributing its expertise in energ y logistics to this

strategic partnership for the development of intelligent, customer-friendly battery charging models and in network management and

control, and is providing a diversied blend of energy sources.

As a supplement to the ongoing e-mobility projects, the new

initiative is specically focused on diversity.

Electromobilit is easible in all areas o mobilitAbout 200 vehicles of the smart and Mercedes-Benz brands

equipped with either battery-electric or fuel cell drive are on

the move for the e- mobility Baden-Wrttemberg initiative: the

Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-CELL and B-Class F-CELL models, the

Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL and Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid, and

the smart fortwo electric drive.


The e-mobilit project is setting out to establish worldwide open standards and to expedite the development o vehicle technolog and an

intelligent inrastructure.

Daimlers Road to Emission-free Driving also extends to new

customer offers, service concepts, and financing solutions. We are

thereby contributing to an all- encompassing package concept

centered on the mobility of the future.

As the inventor of the car and the truck, Daimler is demonstrating

that electromobility is feasible in all major areas of mobility both

in individual travel and in goods and public transport. EnBW will

have established more than 700 electric charging points and either

two or three hydrogen filling stations throughout Baden-Wrttemberg

by the end of 2011. The companys public charging stations are

supplied exclusively with hydroelectric power.



19/25


car2go an intelligent mobilit concept with the slogan Just get in and drive o has been chosen or the koGlobe (EgoGlobe) award. The intelligent

mobilit concept car2gether is the basis o ride-sharing 2.0.

Modern mobilit concepts or the cit.In the car2go mobility concept launched in Ulm in late 2008,

Daimler is meeting customer demands for exible urban mobility.

In the area of Ulm and Neu-Ulm, and since late 2009 in Austin,

Texas, USA, the initiative provides smart fortwo vehicles that

can be hired at any time of day or night following initial registration

and can simply be left on a designated parking space or on a

public street after use. Usage is charged on a minute-to-minute

basis; this fee covers tax, insurance, mileage, and even fuel.

In view of the high level of customer acceptance, in March 2011

the vehicle eet was not only boosted by 50 percent, but also

completely updated: The smart fortwo car2go edition is the

worlds rst factory-congured car-sharing vehicle, tted with

start-stop function, newly developed telematics, and a solar roof

to relieve the load on electrical consumers.

In Ulm, Neu-Ulm, and Austin alone, car2go has already registered

impressive gures after a good two years: car2go is availed of by

more than 35,000 customers, who have rented cars more than

600,000 times overall. The extension of this car-sharing project is

therefore in full swing: The Hanseatic City of Hamburg was added

in April 2011, and car2go was likewise presented in Vancouver,

Canada, in early 2011. And by the end of the year, this innovative

mobility program will also have been introduced in Amsterdam.

Requests by further cities have also been received for this creative,

versatile, and economical mobility initiative for the inner-city traf c

of tomorrow.

Daimler has developed a further innovative urban mobility concept

that allows users to remain exibly and independently mobilewithout a car of their own. With car2gether, Daimler has been

offering a modern form of ride -sharing since September 2010.

car2gether is a web-based carpool community that can pro-

cess and communicate offers from drivers and requests from

prospective passengers. Matched ride-share offers can be rapidly

communicated via smartphone while on the move or from a home

computer practically on a real-time basis. By this means, rides

in the project cities of Ulm and Aachen can be organized on the

spur of the moment; the system is excellently suited for everyday

use and can reduce the burden on the environment.

Buses to the ore.A further mobility concept for the future, especially for rapidly

growing major cities, is the bus rapid transit system (BRT). Line-

service buses traveling at short intervals are allotted separate

lanes of traffic with their own traffic light phases. Buses are given

priority, so that they can travel at up to 100 km / h. This ensures

rapid, comfortable travel even in rush-hour traffic. Daimler is

particularly committed to BRT solutions, since only reliable, safe

public transport can entice customers to make the change from

individual transport. This is important especially in large cities in

order to relieve the strain on the transportation system and thus

ensure mobility in the long term for all social strata. Moreover,

CO2

emissions are further reduced with state-of-the-art engine

technology and freely flowing bus operations without traffic jams.

A further advantage for metropolitan transport operators: BRT is

cheaper in purchase and maintenance than rail systems. BRT is

thus a sustainable concept for the future which Daimler has already

successfully implemented together with cities such as Istanbul,

Nantes, Mexico City, and Bogot.

In Istanbul alone,bus rapid transit is used b about 600,000 commuters dail.

Traffic volumes in major cities will continue to rise and there will

be increasing demand for ef ficient transport systems.

car2go has developed from a pilot project to the reference mark

for intelligent inner-city mobility.



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Mercedes-Benz Concept BlueZERO: Pioneer o a newgeneration o electric vehicles.Another concrete example of environmentally responsible electro-

mobility for everyday use is the near-series Mercedes-Benz

Concept BlueZERO. On the basis of a vehicle architecture, the

intelligent modular concept makes for three models with different

drive congurations that can fulll all customer requirements for

sustainable mobility:

The BlueZERO E-CELL with purely battery-electric drive has arange of up to 200 kilometers.

The BlueZERO F-CELL with fuel cell makes long-distance travel

possible thanks to its electric range of around 400 kilometers.

The BlueZERO E-CELL PLUS with electric drive and additional

internal combustion engine as a generator (range extender)

has an overall operating range of up to 600 kilometers and can

cover up to 100 kilometers in purely electric mode.

A space-saving location out o harms wa.The three BlueZERO variants were realized on the basis of the

unique sandwich oor architecture which Daimler introduced

more than ten years ago, also with a view to integrating alternative

drive units for the Mercedes-Benz A-Class, and was subsequently

further developed for the Mercedes-Benz B-Class. The vehicle has

ve fully functional seats and is entirely suitable for everyday use,

with a payload of 450 kilograms and a luggage space of more than

500 liters. The principal drive components are installed in the

vehicles underoor unit for a low center of mass and optimalprotection, in addition to saving space. This ensures a high level of

safety, particularly in the case of an accident.

Emission-ree driving with a generous range and various drive solutions: The Concept BlueZERO F-CELL with uel cell technolog and a range o over

400 kilometers (let) provides absolutel clean individual mobilit. The electric drive unit with range extender in the Concept BlueZERO E-CELL PLUS

makes or a range o up to 600 kilometers, 100 kilometers o which are emission-ree (right).

Flexible vehicle architecture or customized mobilit.With the F 800 Style research car, Mercedes-Benz is showing

how various sustainable drive solutions can be implemented in

a single large vehicle. One of the most signicant innovations in

the F 800 Style is its newly developed exible vehicle architec-

ture for large sedans the only such system in the world. This

highly exible platform allows the integration of various alterna-

tive drive technologies in a classic sedan architecture.

The Mercedes-Benz F 800 Style with plug-in hybrid drive makesfor locally emission-free electric driving in city trafc. Its drive

unit consists of a V6 gasoline engine developing approximately

220 kW (300 hp) with next-generation direct injection and a

hybrid module with an output of around 80 kW (109 hp), so that

its overall power output is in the order of 300 kW (409 hp).

Thanks to its efcient drive system and the CO2

bonus for

battery-electric operation, this vehicle has a certied fuel

consumption of just 2.9 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers,

corresponding to only 68 grams of CO2

per kilometer. By reason

of its excellent fuel efciency, the F 800 Style with plug-in hybrid

nevertheless has the driving performance of a sportscar (0 to

100 km / h in 4.8 seconds, maximum speed 250 km / h). Its top

speed in electric mode is 120 km / h. The F 800 Style thus also

meets the requirements of long- distance travel.

In the F-CELL version of the Mercedes-Benz F 800 Style, an

electric drive unit with fuel cell makes for locally zero-emission

driving over a range of almost 600 kilometers. The electric motor,with an output of around 100 kW (136 hp), develops a generous

torque of approximately 290 Nm. The fuel cell of the F 800 Style

is positioned in the front section, while its compact electric motor

is located near the rear axle. The lithium-ion battery and the four

hydrogen tanks are installed behind the rear seats, where they are

afforded maximum protection in the case of an accident. The fuel

cell drive components are derived from the E- Drive modular system

developed by Mercedes-Benz for a variety of electric vehicles.

The Mercedes-Benz F 800 Stle research vehicle is designed both as a plug-in hbrid and as a variant with electric drive on the basis o uel cell

technolog.

Tomorrows electromobility.

Ideal solutions to meet all the requirements of

mobility of the future.


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1. Start o prudentl. Bear in mind before setting off thatduring the cold phase, i.e. over the rst four kilometers,

the engine consumes fuel at a much higher rate at

times corresponding to between 30 and 40 liters per

100 kilometers.

2. Anticipate. An anticipatory driving style makes foreffective fuel savings.

3. Beneft rom the overrun cuto. When approachingtrafc lights or an obstacle, the overrun cutoff helps save

fuel. The fuel supply is interrupted when the accelerator

pedal is released.

4. Shit up earl. The higher the gear, the lower the enginespeed and fuel consumption. So shift up briskly through

the gears.

5. Simpl switch o. Savings potential is also provided bydeactivating the engine at trafc lights, railroad crossings,

and in trafc jams. Switching off already saves fuel when

the vehicle is stationary for more than ten seconds.

6. Wind traps. Every kilogram of unnecessarily stowedluggage is ballast that increases a vehicles weight and

thus also its fuel consumption. Open windows, soft-tops,

and sunroofs, along with roof racks, give rise to turbulence

and especially at higher speeds increase fuel consumption

by up to ve percent.

7. Good maintenance pas o. Only a well-adjustedengine yields optimal fuel consumption. Regular mainte-

nance checks should thus be a matter of course. And

dont forget to check the tire pressure.

Gasoline, diesel, hybrid, electric? The choice of the optimal

drive system largely depends on personal mobility require-

ments. Product blends matched to individual needs constitute

the heart of Daimlers Road to Emission-free Driving

initiative. However, aside from all technical new develop-

ments and advances in drive systems, fuel s, and assistance

systems, the driver still plays a signicant role that should

not be underestimated. Several minimal changes in individual

driver behavior together have the potential to markedly

inuence a vehicles fuel consumption and thus also its

pollutant emission levels. These factors account for no less

than 20 percent of overall fuel consumption. Reducing

consumption is thus a key factor in the quest for emission-

free driving for the future.

Seven hints or economical driving

The driver plays the key role.

Modern drive and assistance systems make for tan-

gible savings and help protect the environment but

it is the human driver who plays the decisive role.

The obligation of tradition.

Innovations for sustainable mobility a journey

through the decades. Since the invention of the auto-

mobile in 1886, we have reinvented it many times over.

Whether it be in comort, saet, design, or drive technolo-g we have set new standards in ever de cade. The mostoutstanding innovations in drive systems technology include the

rst diesel car of 1936, the Mercedes-Benz 300 SL introduced in

1954 as the rst series-production automobile with gasoline direct

injection, and the rst series-produced car with turbodiesel engine

(1977). Common-rail direct injection (CDI , 1997) and BLUETEC, the

technology for the worlds cleanest diesel vehicles, are further

milestones of drive systems technology.

Daimler has repeatedly made pioneering achievements in alterna-tive drive systems as well. The rst passenger cars and commercial

vehicles with battery-electric or hybrid drive came into existence in

1906, but they could not hold their own against the increasingly

powerful internal combustion engine and the benets of its

extensive operating range.

Development of electric drive was taken up once more in the late

1960s. NECAR 1, the rst automobile with fuel cell drive, was

launched in 1994. Since that time, the development of this

technology has made enormous progress: Locally emission-free

fuel cell and electric vehicles have proved their worth in eet trials

and are already on the roads today in small production series.

Daimlers electrifying pioneering achievements also include the

Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID (2009) the rst hybrid model withlithium-ion battery and the Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL (2010),

the rst series-produced fully electric van.

Invention o the automobile

1886

Carl Benz applies for a patent for his three-

wheeled vehicle with gas engine operation

the worlds rst automobile.

1894

The Benz motor velocipede: the rst automobile

manufactured in large-scale series production.

1895

The rst omnibus with gasoline engine marks the

beginning of motorized public transport.

1896

Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft in Cannstatt

delivers the rst motorized truck to London.

1900

The Mercedes 35 PS, the prototype of all

modern passenger cars.



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Our objective: Considerably reducing emissions

already today, and eliminating them altogether

in the long term in both private and public

road transport by means of state-of-the-art

drive technology. To this end, we are develop -

ing a broad spectrum of highly modern drive

concepts that meet the specic requirements

placed on todays and tomorrows mobility in

all modes of road transportation.

Daimler, an overview. Company founders Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz wrotehistory with the invention of the automobile in 1886. 125 years later, in the

anniversary year of 2011, Daimler AG is one of the most successful automotive

manufacturers in the world. With its divisions Mercedes-Benz Cars, Daimler

Trucks, Mercedes-Benz Vans, Daimler Buses, and Daimler Financial Services,

this carmaker is one of the leading producers of premium cars and is the largest

manufacturer of commercial vehicles with a global reach. Daimler Financial

Services offers an extensive nancing portfolio with nancing, leasing, insurances,

and eet management.

Mercedes-Benz Cars

Daimler Trucks

Mercedes-Benz Vans

Daimler Buses

Daimler Financial Services

Our brands. Daimler passenger cars.

Fuel consumption* and CO2 emissions**.

The above table shows the fuel consumption and CO 2 emission

levels of all model series available in Germany at the time of printing.

It is based on the VDA Fuel Consumption and CO 2 Emission

Guidelines valid for the 1st Quarter of 2011. For each vehicle class,

the lowest and highest values are indicated for the models available

in the market. Further details on specic types of vehicle are

available on the Internet. Fuel consumption levels in real driving

operation can deviate from the test values in accordance with

individual driving style.

* Thegures shown wereobtained in accordancewi th theprescribed measuringprocess( Directive80 /1268/EEC in thecurrently applicable version). Theguresdo notreferto a specic vehicle

and do notconstitutepartoftheproductoffer. Theyareprovided solelyforthepurposeofcomparingdifferentmodels.

** Figuresaccording to Directive92 /21/EC, version 95/48/ EC (curb weightwith fuel tank90% full,dri ver,68 kg,and luggage,7kg)f orstandard- specication vehicles. Optional extrasand

accessorieswil l generallyincrease thisgure and reducethe payload capacity accordingly.

Vehicles

Fuel consumption CO2 emissions

urban extra-urban combined combined

[l /100km]or [m /100km]acc. to Directive80/ 1268/EWG [g/km]

m in im um m ax im um m in im um m ax im um m in im um m ax im um m in im um m ax im um

Mercedes-Benz Cars

smart 6.8 4.6 5.4 87 124

A-Class 5.3 10.3 3.8 6.6 4.4 8.1 116 192

B-Class 6.4 10.7 4.1 6.8 4.9 8.2 135 197

C-Class 6.2 20.4 4.0 9.6 4.8 13.6 127 316

CLC-Class 7.5 14.5 4.5 7.8 5.6 10.2 141 239

E-Class 6.6 18.8 4.2 9.3 5.1 12.8 133 299

CLS-Class 7.8 22.6 5.4 9.9 6.0 14.5 159 345

S-Class 9.3 21.8 5.3 10.0 6.8 14.3 177 340

CL-Class 13.5 21.8 7.2 9.9 9.5 14.3 224 334

SLK-Class 11.0 17.7 5.7 8.8 7.7 12.0 182 288

SL-Class 13.5 21.7 6.8 9.7 9.3 14.1 217 333

SLS 19.9 19.9 9.3 9.3 13.2 13.2 308 308

M-Class 10.6 24.1 6.7 12.2 8.4 16.5 224 392

R-Class 9.6 18.8 6.4 10.2 7.6 13.4 199 311

GLK-Class 7.2 14.6 5.1 8.5 5.8 10.8 153 251

GL-Class 11.1 19.0 7.5 10.8 8.9 13.8 235 322

G-Class 19.3 21.4 12.0 12.7 11.3 15.9 299 378

Mabach 24.6 11.8 16.4 350 390

Mercedes-Benz Vans

Viano 8.8 16.5 6.4 9.5 7.2 12.1 190 284

Vito 8.4 16.5 6.1 9.5 6.9 12.1 182 284

Sprinter 20.0 11.5 14.6 231 348


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DaimlerAG,COM/M5

836/1636/02/0511

Daimler AG

Communications

Stuttgart, Germany

www.daimler.com

www.daimler.mobi

Daimler the Road to Emission Free Driving

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