Daal ulises donde esta la comuna en la constitucion bolivariana(3)

¿Dónde está la Comuna en la Constitución Bolivariana?

1

Ulises Daal

2

!"#$%&'&()*'+,'-./0$,&$'+,'-.$()1)021#$'3.+14,51,$,6

Ulises Daal

4

!"#$%&'()*+,&'-).')/)*0"*1"/"23"&)45)6%&")*7)(',/)&

897:4*;<!=>:<14

;'#?*;',50)0,*>)%"&&,*!,/0@/!"#$%&#'(#

;'#?*;).A,*1'-)5*1"&)2(,!"%)#"*+%,#-"#$%&#'(#

;'#?*+&)/()*="BC,3D.#/0'&1*+%,#-"#$%&#'(1

<-E/*F".#)*G3"..".,.#,"#(1"%2

1A(D,.*>&).B*+,5(E/.03$#,"#(1"%24444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

5%"#,,%6'*7#'#"18*&#*9':#$(%/1,%6'*;*5#$1""2882*<#/%$81(%:2H'(?*!)$&*I&-)."2*+.)()6,/D"5%"#,(2"*7#'#"184444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

9&'5"5*;))&!"#$"%&%'()&*+&,-./$+&%$&*+&,-$'(0(/,0#$&1-*02+30+$+4

5#-6$%(2*<#/18=*8>?@ABCDEEBCDFGD

H&%,%2'#$*&#*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18&#*81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81

O1"1,1$P*BCDE

;<J:!<+9><K7*G!4:9<:4

<1*:#'(1*&#*#$(#*8%3"2*,2'$(%(0;#*0'*1,(2*,2'("1""#:280,%2'1"%2


5

!"#"$%&$'(%)&*$+%,%-*&",*$%,$.($/0+%#.0/"/$1$'&(#"&02

/"/3$4*,$0,5%,406,$/%$"'*#5%$"#7(8%,5"50+*$.*)#%$&"

'#*'(%.5"$9(,/"8%,5"&$/%$&"$:%+*&(406,$;*&0+"#0","<

%&$=.5"/*$>*8(,"&?$1$%.'%40"&8%,5%$'"#"$&*.$4@"8*.

1$4@"8".$/%$ &"$!"5#0"3$ 4*8*$A&B$=#,%.5*3$C/0.%"$1

D&0.%.$E0/%&3$#"-6,$"8*#*."$1$'#0,40'"&$"#7(8%,5*

/%$ &(4@"$ /%$ F(0%,%.$ %.5"8*.3$ 4*,.40%,5%.$ 1

G504"8%,5%3$ 4*8'#*8%50/*.$ 4*,$ %&$ '#*4%.*$ #%+*&(2

40*,"#0*$&"50,*"8%#04",*H

Ulises Daal

6


7

IJ(4@*$8K.$F(%$(,"$4"#5"$'*&B504"3$%.$(,$'#*1%45*3$%.

(,$/%."9B*3$1$"(,F(%$"F(B$,*$"'"#%4%$&"$'"&")#"$.*40"2

&0.8*3$ %.5K,$ &".$ )".%.$ .*40"&%.H$=.5"$>*,.505(406,$ %.

",504"'05"&0.5"3$%.$'#*.*40"&0.5"HL

!"#$%&!'()*%+,-./&$0.12.13)%/"4,)0$%2)%5.%,)($5"&671%8$56(.,6.1.

!"#$%&'%()*%(#+(#,$&-*(-.*/*0*.(1#+(2.3%(4*+*430.&'0&)*5(6*0#+(7+83(93.3)3:;( <=><?>?@<<A

Ulises Daal

8


9

789:9;<=->?;

!"#"$&"$A."8)&%"$M"40*,"&$#%.(&5"$/%$7#",$.07,0904"406,$'#%2

.%,5"#$BC'%1#(#:0D(+3(9*/$%3(#%(+3(9*%:0&0$)&'%(E*+&F3.&3%3G3$/%D&0.%.$N""&3$'*#F(%$.%$5#"5"$/%$(,$&0)#*$.*)#%$&"$9(,/"8%,5"406,

4*,.505(40*,"&$1$'*&B504"$/%$&".$0,.5",40".$/%$"(5*7*)0%#,*$4*8(,"2

&%.$08'(&."/".$'*#$%&$'(%)&*$+%,%-*&",*$1$%.5")&%40/".3$"$#%F(%#02

80%,5*$/%&$>*8",/",5%$O('#%8*$P(7*$>@K+%-$E#B".3$%,$&".$Q%1%.

/%&$!*/%#$!*'(&"#3$F(%$4*,.505(1%,$(,*$/%$&*.$"'*#5%.$8K.$08'*#2

5",5%.$/%$&"$A."8)&%"$M"40*,"&$"&$/%."##*&&*$/%$&"$/%8*4#"40"$#%2

+*&(40*,"#0"$)*&0+"#0","H$!%#*$07("&8%,5%3$'*#F(%$.($"(5*#$9(%$/02

'(5"/*$",5%$ &"$A."8)&%"$M"40*,"&$ RSTTU2STVVW3$'#%.0/%,5%$/%$ &"

>*80.06,$!%#8",%,5%$/%&$!*/%#$!*'(&"#$1$J%/0*.$/%$>*8(,04"2

406,$RSTVT2STVVW$1$4**#/0,"/*#$/%$#%/"4406,$/%$&".$Q%1%.$/%&$!*2

/%#$!*'(&"#3$/%.%8'%XK,/*.%$%,$ &"$"45("&0/"/$4*8*$/0#%45*#$/%

Y,+%.507"406,$1$A.%.*#B"$%,$!*&B504".$O*40"&%.3$"/.4#05*$"$&"$N0#%42

406,$Z%,%#"&$/%$Y,+%.507"406,$1$N%."##*&&*$Q%70.&"50+*$/%$%.5%$'"#2

&"8%,5*$,"40*,"&H

=.".$40#4(,.5",40".3$8K.$%&$@")%#$.0/*$%.4#05*$'*#$"&7(0%,$F(%

.%$@"$/%/04"/*$/%./%$&"$"/*&%.4%,40"$"$&"$&(4@"$'*#$%&$.*40"&0.8*$1

"&$%.5(/0*3$'#*8*406,$1$ 9*#8"406,$.*)#%$%&$ 5%8"$/%$ &"$'"#5040'"2

406,$40(/"/","3$&%$*5*#7",$"$%.5%$&0)#*$4"#K45%#$9(,/"8%,5"&$'"#"

%&$4*,*4080%,5*$/%$ &".$)".%.$4*,.505(40*,"&%.$1$'*&B504".3$F(%$.(.2

5%,5",$%&$%.5")&%4080%,5*$/%$&"$>*8(,"$1$%&$=.5"/*$>*8(,"&$4*8*

9*#8"$'*&B504*2.*40"&$'"#"$%&$/%."##*&&*$/%&$=.5"/*$N%8*4#K504*$1

O*40"&$/%$N%#%4@*$1$/%$[(.5040"$1$ &"$ 4*,.5#(4406,$/%$ &"$ .*40%/"/

.*40"&0.5"$%,$\%,%-(%&"H

Ulises Daal

10

A&$/%."##*&&"#$1$4*,90#8"#$/%$8",%#"$/%5%#80,",5%$&"$".%2

+%#"406,$/%&$>*8",/",5%$P(7*$>@K+%-$/%$ F(%$ &"$>*,.505(406,

;*&0+"#0","$I%.$",504"'05"&0.5"3$%.$'#*.*40"&0.5"L3$4*,$.%7(#0/"/$%.5%

&0)#*$ .%#K$".(80/*$'*#$ %&$ '(%)&*$ +%,%-*&",*$ 4*8*$ &*$ F(%$ #%"&2

8%,5%$%.<$@%##"80%,5"$'"#"$&"$"#7(8%,5"406,$%,$%&$'%#8",%,2

5%3$ +0)#",5%$ 1$ 4*,.5#(450+*$ /%)"5%$ F(%$ 4"#"45%#0-"$,(%.5#"$ /%2

8*4#"40"$#%+*&(40*,"#0"H

>"#"4".3$A)#0&$/%$\045*#0"$STV]

264"3.2$%26$/2.2$%&.8)55$%,$1271

4"HIJCHKLH(CH( M7(7I7NEMH7(K79JOK7M

CH( M7("H4PEMJ97(EOMJQ7"J7K7(CH(QHKHRSHM7


11

='@=;98='"9'78?ABCB

BC'%1#(#:0D(+3(9*/$%3(#%(+3(9*%:0&0$)&'%(E*+&F3.&3%3G$%.$%&&0)#*$/%$D&0.%.$N""&3$,"40/*$%,$>(#08"7("3$.%##",*$/%&$%.5"/*$E"&2

46,3$(,$&(4@"/*#$.*40"&$/%$+"#0".$/G4"/".$F(%$@"$^(7"/*$(,$'"'%&

08'*#5",5%$ %,$ &"$:%+*&(406,$+%,%-*&","$/%./%$/0.50,5".$ 5#0,4@%2

#".<$/0#07%,5%$ %.5(/0",50&3$ '#*8*5*#$ 4(&5(#"&3$ 4*,4%^"&3$ /0'(5"/*

%.5"/"&$ 1$ /0'(5"/*$ "$ &"$ A."8)&%"$M"40*,"&$ /%$ &"$ :%'_)&04"

;*&0+"#0","$/%$\%,%-(%&"H$ Y,+%.507"/*#$/%&$ 5%8"$/%&$=.5"/*$1$ &"

'"#5040'"406,$40(/"/","3$N""&$@"$#%"&0-"/*$"'*#5%.$08'*#5",5%.$%,

&"$ %&")*#"406,$/%$ &".$Q%1%.$/%&$!*/%#$!*'(&"#$"'#*)"/".$'*#$ &"

A."8)&%"$M"40*,"&$%,$%&$'%#0*/*$STTU2STVV3$1$%,$&"$"45("&0/"/$.02

7(%$5#")"^"/*$%,$%."$8"5%#0"$4*8*$/0#%45*#$/%$Y,+%.507"406,$1$A.%2

.*#B"$%,$!*&B504".$O*40"&%.$%,$&"$A."8)&%"$M"40*,"&H$A/%8K.$/%$5*/*

&*$",5%.$/%.4#05*3$N""&$%.$(,$4#%"/*#$1$4(&50+"/*#$/%$&"$'*%.B"$4*,$&"

4("&$5"8)0G,$/%&%05"$"$&*.$F(%$'*#$9*#5(,"$&%$4*,*4%8*.H

=&$>*8",/",5%$>@K+%-3$%,$(,$T*+-#(1#(0&/'%$&(%7*$/%$&"$+0425*#0"$%,$&".$%&%440*,%.$'#%.0/%,40"&%.$/%&$`$/%$*45()#%$/%$STVS$1$",5%.

/%$.($+0"^%$"$Q"$P")","3$&%$9*#8(&6$(,"$0,5%##*7",5%$"$.($>*,.%^*$/%

J0,0.5#*.3$1$/%$"&7(,"$8",%#"$"$&"$/0#%4406,$'*&B504"$/%&$'"B.3$.*)#%

B)'/*( #:0383( #+( 1#:3..*++*( 1#( +3:( )*/$%3:( #%( +3( Q#%#U$#+3E*+&F3.&3%3G(1$'#*,(,406$&"$4*,5(,/%,5%$9#".%<$9&:;<=>%:%=>?>@!

!#%40."8%,5%3$%,$%.5%$&0)#*$.%$%a'*,%3$4*,$%+0/%,40"$/%$'#*2

9(,/*$4*,*4080%,5*3$'%#*$"$ &"$+%-$ %.4#05*$'"#"$ &"$ 9K40&$ 4*8'#%,2

.06,3$&*.$9(,/"8%,5*.$4*,.505(40*,"&%.$1$'*&B504*.$/%$&".$&%1%.$F(%

50%,%,$F(%$+%#$4*,$%&$!*/%#$!*'(&"#3$>*,.%^*.$>*8(,"&%.3$>*8(2

Q******O2'$#R2*&#*S%'%$("2$*&#8*723%#"'2*K#:280,%2'1"%2*"#18%N1&2*#8*BC*&#*2,(0T3"#*&#*BCDBU

Ulises Daal

12

,".$1$&"$=4*,*8B"$>*8(,"&?$'"#"$%.5")&%4%#$'0.*$^(#B/04*$90#8%$"&

!*/%#$!*'(&"#3$/%90,0/*$G.5%$I4*8*$%&$%^%#4040*$'&%,*$/%$&"$.*)%#"2

,B"$'*'(&"#$'*#$'"#5%$/%&$'(%)&*$%,$&*$'*&B504*3$%4*,6804*3$.*40"&3

4(&5(#"&3$"8)0%,5"&3$0,5%#,"40*,"&3$1$%,$5*/*$K8)05*$/%&$/%.%,+*&2

+080%,5*$1$/%."##*&&*$/%$ &"$ .*40%/"/$"$ 5#"+G.$/%$ .(.$/0+%#.".$1

/0.080&%.$9*#8".$/%$*#7",0-"406,L$RQ%1$C#7K,04"$/%&$!*/%#$!*'(2

&"#W3$F(%$)"^*$%&$'#0,40'0*$/%$4*##%.'*,.")0&0/"/$.*40"&$%.5")&%40/*

%,$%&$"#5B4(&*$b$/%$ &"$>*,.505(406,$;*&0+"#0","3$ 0,4&(1%$%&$K8)05*

80&05"#$RA#5H$]SU$>*,.505(406,$;*&0+"#0","WH

N""&$#%+0."$%a@"(.50+"8%,5%$&*.$'#0,40'0*.3$+"&*#%.$1$/%#%2

4@*.$%.5")&%40/*.$%,$%&$c%a5*$>*,.505(40*,"&3$/%./%$.($'#%K8)(&*3

&*.$"#5B4(&*.$/%$.(.$'#0,40'0*.$9(,/"8%,5"&%.$1$&*.$.07(0%,5%.$F(%

50%,%,$F(%$+%#$4*,$&"$'"#5040'"406,$1$%&$'#*5"7*,0.8*$/%&$'(%)&*3

%.$ /%40#3$ &"$N%8*4#"40"$;*&0+"#0","$!&%,"3$ F(%$ #*8'%$ 5%6#04"3

'*&B504"$1$'#*4%/08%,5"&8%,5%$4*,$%&$#G708%,$&0)%#"&2)(#7(G.$/%

&"$.('(%.5"$/%8*4#"40"$#%'#%.%,5"50+"3$1$&"$()04"$%,$9(,406,$/%&

#(8)*[email protected]#04*$/%&$O*40"&0.8*$;*&0+"#0",*$/%&$.07&*$ddY3$/%.&0,2

/",/*$4*,$%&$=.5"/*$&0)%#"&3$%&$%(#*4%,5#0.8*3$&".$4*##0%,5%.$/%$&"

.*40"&/%8*4#"40"$F(%$'#%5%,/0%#*,$#%.*&+%#$&"$4#[email protected]#04"$%,

A8G#04"$Q"50,"$4*,$%&$&&"8"/*$I,"40*,"&0.8*$#%+*&(40*,"#0*L$/%

P"1"$/%$ &"$ c*##%3$ !"-$=.5%,.*#*3$:68(&*$;%5",4*(#5$ 1$ *5#*.3

F(%$9#"4"."#*,$"&$4*&*4"#$&*.$8*+080%,5*.$.*40"&%.$F(%$&0/%#"#*,

"&$ .%#+040*$ /%&$ 08'%#0"&0.8*$ 1",F(03$8",0'(&K,/*&*.$ 4*,$ (,

'*&04&".0.8*$"8)07(*$F(%$"&$90,"&$4*,5#0)(16$4*,$&"$"4(8(&"406,

/%&$4"'05"&$ 5#",.,"40*,"&$%.'%4(&"50+*3$ 5%#80,"/*$%,$%&$/%.".5#%

/%$&".$'*&B504".$,%*&0)%#"&%.$4*,$&"$F(%$'#%5%,/0%#*,$.*8%5%#$/%902

,050+"8%,5%$"$&*.$'(%)&*.$/%$A8G#04"$Q"50,"3$1$F(%$@*1$5#"5",$/%

08'*,%#&%$"$&*.$'(%)&*.$/%$&"$=(#*'"H

N%90,%$4*,$4&"#0/"/$&"$#%&"406,$%,5#%$%&$=.5"/*$N%8*4#K504*$1

O*40"&$/%$N%#%4@*$1$/%$[(.5040"3$%&$=.5"/*$>*8(,"&$1$&"$/%.4%,5#"2

&0-"406,$"/80,0.5#"50+"3$%,$4*,5#"'#*'*.0406,$"$&".$&0805"40*,%.$/%

&"$/%8*4#"40"$9*#8"&$F(%$&&%7"$@".5"$&*.$4*,4%^*.$8(,040'"&%.$1$&".

^(,5".$'"##*F(0"&%.3$/%^",/*$"&$8"#7%,$/%&$=.5"/*$%&$ #%.5*$/%$ &"


13

'*)&"406,3$/*,/%$ .%$ 4*,.(&5"$ .*&*$"$ 5#"+G.$/%&$+*5*3$/%&%7",/*$ &"

4"'"40/"/$/%$/%40/0#$%,$&*.$!*/%#%.$/%&$=.5"/*3$4*8*$%.5")"$%.5")&%2

40/*$%,$%&$"#5B4(&*$b$/%$&"$>*,.505(406,$/%$VeUVH

=,$%&$&0)#*$.%$%.5")&%4%$F(%<

I$RfW$%&$=.5"/*$>*8(,"&$%.$%&$/%."##*&&*$/%$&"$.*)%#",B"$'*2

'(&"#$%,$1$"$'"#50#$/%$ &"$ 4*8(,0/"/$@"40"$ 5*/*$%&$K8)05*

,"40*,"&3$F(%$'*#$5",5*$4*,&&%+"$%&$%^%#4040*$/0#%45*$/%&$'*/%#

'*#$'"#5%$/%$&*.$40(/"/",*.3$&".$40(/"/",".$1$.(.$*#7",0-"2

40*,%.$ .*40"&%.$ R'*)&"406,W$ %,$ %&$ 5%##05*#0*$ 1$ .*)#%$ .(

"(5*7*)0%#,*$1$.($%4*,*8B"?$1$".B3$%&$=.5"/*$>*8(,"&$,*$%.

8K.$F(%$&"$9*#8"$'#K4504"$'"#"$/%."##*&&"#$%&$=.5"/*$N%8*2

4#K504*$1$O*40"&$/%$N%#%4@*$1$/%$[(.5040"$ %.5")&%40/*$%,$%&

"#5B4(&*$S$/%$&"$>:;\3$4*8*$5#K,.05*$@"40"$&"$.*40%/"/$.*40"2

&0.5"3$8%/0",5%$%&$J*/%&*$E%/%#"&$>**'%#"50+*3$*#0%,5"/*$'*#

g&*.$'#0,40'0*.$/%$.*&0/"#0/"/$.*40"&$1$/%&$)0%,$4*8_,h$ R%&%2

8%,5*.$4*,.505(50+*.$/%$&"$4*,4%'406,$.*40"&0.5"W$F(%$@",$/%

4*,/(40#$g"&$%.5")&%4080%,5*$/%$%.%$=.5"/*$.*40"&h$LH

I=&$=.5"/*$4*8(,"&$%.$)*&0+"#0",*3$'*#F(%$.($4*,907(#"406,

%.5K$0,.'0#"/"$'*#$&"$g&(4@"$0,4%.",5%$1$"),%7"/"$'*#$&"$&02

)%#5"/3$&"$^(.5040"3$&"$8*#"&$'_)&04"$1$%&$)0%,%.5"#$/%&$'(%)&*h3

F(%$#%.(8%$%&$'%,."80%,5*$1$&"$"4406,$/%&$Q0)%#5"/*#$O086,

;*&B+"#L?$1$%.$.*40"&0.5"$'*#F(%<

g.%$#07%$'*#$&*.$'#0,40'0*.$1$+"&*#%.$.*40"&0.5".$/%<$/%8*4#"2

40"$'"#5040'"50+"$1$'#*5"76,04"3$0,5%#G.$4*&%450+*3$%F(0/"/3

^(.5040"3$07("&/"/$.*40"&$1$/%$7G,%#*3$4*8'&%8%,5"#0%/"/3$/02

+%#.0/"/$ 4(&5(#"&3$ /%9%,."$ /%$ &*.$ /%#%4@*.$ @(8",*.3

4*##%.'*,.")0&0/"/3$4*7%.506,3$"(5*7%.506,3$4**'%#"406,3$.*2

&0/"#0/"/3$ 5#",.'"#%,40"3$@*,%.50/"/3$ %904"40"3$ %9040%,40"3

%9%450+0/"/3$(,0+%#."&0/"/3$#%.'*,.")0&0/"/3$/%)%#$.*40"&3$#%,2

/0406,$/%$4(%,5".3$4*,5#*&$.*40"&3$&0)#%$/%)"5%$/%$0/%".3$+*2

&(,5"#0%/"/3$.(.5%,5")0&0/"/3$/%9%,."$1$'#*5%4406,$"8)0%,2

5"&3$7"#",5B"$/%$&*.$/%#%4@*.$/%$&"$8(^%#3$/%$&*.$,0X*.3$,0X".

Ulises Daal

14

1$"/*&%.4%,5%.3$1$/%$5*/"$'%#.*,"$%,$.05("406,$/%$+(&,%#"2

)0&0/"/3$/%9%,."$/%$&"$0,5%7#0/"/$5%##05*#0"&$1$/%$&"$.*)%#"2

,B"$,"40*,"&h$RA#5H$i$Q%1$C#7K,04"$/%&$!*/%#$!*'(&"#WLH

=.5K$'&",5%"/*$%,$&"$\%,%-(%&"$;*&0+"#0","$/%$@*1$"+",-"#$%,

&"$(,0904"406,$'#*7#"8K504"$/%$5*/*$,(%.5#*$'(%)&*$%,$)".%$"$&"$>*,.2

505(406,$/%$&"$:%'_)&04"$;*&0+"#0","$/%$\%,%-(%&"$1$%&$!#*7#"8"$/%

&"$!"5#0"$STV]2STVeH$=.$(,$'(,5*$#%9%#%,40"&$'"#"$4*,.*&0/"#$&"$!"2

5#0"3$/%9%,/%#$1$'#*9(,/0-"#$ &"$:%+*&(406,$;*&0+"#0","3$1$/%./%$%&

>("#5%&$/%$ &"$J*,5"X"3$ 4*,$ %&$ &%7"/*[email protected]#04*$/%&$>*8",/",5%

>@K+%-3$".(80#$'*&B504"$1$4*,.40%,5%8%,5%$.(.$#%9&%a0*,%.3$%.4#05*.3

/0.4(#.*.3$08K7%,%.f?$%,$.B,5%.0.3$.($4*,4%'406,$1$'#K4504"$#%+*&(2

40*,"#0".$F(%$&*$5#",.9*#8"#*,$%,$(,$707",5%3$%,$(,$7#",$&B/%#$/%

'(%)&*.$%,$.($&(4@"[email protected]#04"$'*#$&"$&0)%#"406,$1$%&$.*40"&0.8*$9#%,5%

"$%.5%$8(,/*$4*8'&%^*3$/09B40&$1$%a07%,5%3$'%#*$%.'%#",-"/*#H

\%,/#K,$,(%+".$.05("40*,%.$F(%$@")#%8*.$/%$","&0-"#$40%,2

5B904"8%,5%3$ %,$ 9(,406,$ /%$ &*.$ 4"8)0*.$ 1$ 5#",.9*#8"40*,%.$ %,

.0,5*,B"$4*,$&*.$0,5%#%.%.$&%7B508*.$/%$,(%.5#*$'(%)&*3$'"#"$%,9#%,2

5"#$1$/%##*5"#$4*,$'*&B504".$^(.5".$1$"/%4("/".$"$&".$%a07%,40".$4*2

1(,5(#"&%.3$'"#"$F(%$%,$%.5%$.07&*$ddY$8",/%8*.$/%90,050+"8%,5%

"&$)".(#%#*$/%$&"[email protected]*#0"$"&$08'%#0"&0.8*$1",F(0$1$.($"&0"/*$0,4*,2

/040*,"&3$&"$*&07"#F(B"$&*4"&$4*,$.($9(,/"8%,5"&0.8*$,%*&0)%#"&2)(#2

7(G.3$F(%$,*$%.$'%#.'%450+"$'"#"$&"$@(8",0/"/$1$&"$'#%.%#+"406,$/%

&"$+0/"$%,$%&$'&",%5"$c0%##"H

Q"$&%45(#"$1$%.5(/0*$/%&$ &0)#*$/%$D&0.%.$N""&$.%$4*,+0%#5%$%,

(,"$ #%9%#%,40"$ 08'*#5",5%$ 1$ ,%4%."#0"3$ 1"$ F(%$ @"4%$ "'*#5%.

.(.5",50+*.$F(%$.0#+%,$'"#"$%&$/%)"5%$'&",5%"/*$1$"1(/"$"$/%.'%^"#

0,467,05".$%,$&"$4*,.5#(4406,$/%$,(%.5#*$O*40"&0.8*$;*&0+"#0",*H

>"#"4".3$")#0&$/%$STV]

264"3.2$%+),1.12$%/$3$%,$A./

4"HIJCHKLH(CH( M7(9ONJIJVK(4H"N7KHKLH(CH(HKH"2W7( X(4HL"VMHO(7I7NEMH7(K79JOK7M(CH( M7("H4PEMJ97(EOMJQ7"J7K7(CH(QHKHRSHM7


15

>;<8B"D-->?;

O2)2*)0,V1$* ,2$1$* #'* #$(#*)0'&2* &#$&#* DGGBP* #$(#* 8%3"2* #$567897:*2*;<6&8=>;7&&#*W0/2*OVX:#NU*!1"1*#:%&#',%1"*81*:#"1,%&1&*&#*811>%")1,%6'P*$#*,2)%#'N1*"#,2'2,%#'&2*Y0#*&#*'2*V13#"*$%&2*-2"*81*-"#T$#',%1* >0'&1)#'(18*&#8*O2)1'&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#N*#'*#8*#$,#'1"%2*-2T8Z(%,2*:#'#N281'2P*#8*10(2"*Y0%NX$*'0',1*V13"Z1*#',2'("1&2*$18%&1*1'(##8* &#$#',1'(2* ['0',1* &#$#'/1\2P* ,2)2*&%R2* <0&2:%,2* .%8:1]* $23"#* 81-"2)#$1*&#8* $2,%18%$)2*,2)2*#$-#"1'N1*-1"1* 81*V0)1'%&1&U

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`2$a*S1"(Z^*#,V1"*$0*$0#"(#*,2'*82$*-23"#$*&#*81*b%#""1P*,2'$0$* %/018#$c* ;* #'* #$1*&#,%$%6'* R1)X$* ("1'N6P* '%* -2"* #8* -2&#"*'%* -2"* $0-"2-%1* :%&1U

b"1(1*#$(#*8%3"2P*,2)2*82* %'>2")1*#8*(Z(082P*$23"#*81*-"2-0#$(1*>0'T&1)#'(18*&#8* .2,%18%$)2*M28%:1"%1'2*&#8*.%/82*dd9=*#8*H$(1&2*O2)0'18c* ;-1"(%#'&2*&#*81*%'(#""2/1'(#*$23"#*81*03%,1,%6'*#'*#8*)1",2*,2'$(%(0,%2T'18*:#'#N281'2*&#*81*,a8081*>0'&1)#'(18*-1"1*$0*"#18%N1,%6'P* >7&,<F=?7P

L******MeKeJP*Ib9<9e*IU=*'<897>9:F<&D@>&'95><&MM0L&!N7O&A9D7&D@:;=P:&D@>&?@<>9C@67>9:F<4******S2'(#*f:%81*H&%(2"#$*<1(%'21)#"%,1'1P*OUIU*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU*-U*?EU

Ulises Daal

16

-"#(#'&#*"#$-2'&#"*-1"(#*&#*81$*-"#/0'(1$*Y0#*&#$&#*#8*1'0',%2*&#*#$(1-"2-0#$(1*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*-28Z(%,2T$2,%18*$#*>2")081'P*(1'(2*Y0%#'#$*"#$T-18&1'*#8*-"2,#$2*"#:280,%2'1"%2*,2)2*82$*Y0#*82*1&:#"$1'c*1*$13%#'&1$&#*Y0#*82$*-"%)#"2$*^$23"#*(2&2*&#*81*31$#*$2,%18*&#*1-2;2*1*81*K#:280T,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1^*#$-#"1'* "#$-0#$(1$* ,2)2*-2$%3%8%&1&*-1"1* >2"(18#,#"81*1"/0)#'(1,%6'*#'*81*80,V1*%&#286/%,1*Y0#*1*&%1"%2*$#*8%3"1*#'*+#'#N0#T81c*)%#'("1$*Y0#* 82$*$#/0'&2$P*#'*$0*)1;2"Z1*&#* 81$*,1-1$*)#&%1$*&#* 81-2381,%6'*:#'#N281'1P*'2*#$-#"1'*^;*18/0'2$*'%*$%Y0%#"1*&#$#1'^*"#$T-0#$(1*18/0'1*Y0#* 8#$*&#)0#$("#* 81* :18%&#N* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18P*-28Z(%,1*;*&#R0$(%,%1*$2,%18*&#8*-"2;#,(2*&#*81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1P*-2"Y0#*$0$*-"#T/0'(1$* $2'* >2")081&1$*&#$&#*0'1* %""1,%2'18* '#/1,%6'*1*-"%2"%* &#* ,018TY0%#"*1"/0)#'(2*$23"#*0'*-"2,#$2*&#*("1'$>2")1,%6'*$2,%18*&#8*,018*$2'3#'#>%,%1"%2$U

I8*$#"*#$1*"#$%$(#',%1*18#'(1&1*-2"*82$*)#&%2$*&#*,2)0'%,1,%6'*&#81*28%/1"Y0Z1P*Y0#*$%(L1'*1*#$2$*$#,(2"#$*#'*0'*)0'&2*1"(%>%,%18*#'*#8*,018(#)#'*-#"&#"* 82*Y0#*'2* (%#'#'P*-#"2*Y0#*1$-%"1'*;* ,"##'* >%#8)#'(#* 82T/"1"* [81$*)%$)1$* ,2'&%,%2'#$*&#* :%&1*&#* 81*28%/1"Y0Z1* ;* #'* 81$*)%$)1$,2'&%,%2'#$*&#*#g,80$%:%&1&P*&#*#g,80$%6'*&#* 81*)1;2"Z1]P* ,018Y0%#"* "#$T-0#$(1*,2':%',#'(#* $23"#*#8*-"2,#$2* "#:280,%2'1"%2* $%/'%>%,1*#8*&#""0)T31)%#'(2*&#*#$#*)0'&2*>%,(%,%2*;*#8*&#$,03"%)%#'(2*&#*Y0#*$0*$%(01,%6'#$*$%)%81"*1*81*&#*82$*$#,(2"#$*-2-081"#$P*,2'*81*&%>#"#',%1*&#*Y0#*81*)1T;2"Z1*&#*a$(2$*V1,#*(%#)-2*1-"#'&%#"2'*1*8##"*;*1*%'(#"-"#(1"*^567897:&2;<6& 8=>;7& &#* W0/2* OVX:#N^* 81$* %'(#',%2'#$* Y0#* $#* 2,08(1'* #'* 81&#$%'>2")1,%6'*&#* 82$*)#&%2$*&#* ,2)0'%,1,%6'*-"%:1&2$U

I0'Y0#*-0#&1*"#$08(1"*-1"1&6R%,2P*'2*#$*&#*#g("1\1"*Y0#*81$*-#"T$2'1$*&#8*?Q8>@<&D=6<*&#*2-2$%,%6'*18*-"2,#$2*"#:280,%2'1"%2*03%,1&2*#'81$*,1-1$*)#&%1$*&#*81*-2381,%6'P*10'*,01'&2*#'*:#"&1&*'2*-#"(#'#,#'*181*8>7:@& 6987* '%* 1* 81$* ,L-081$*&#* 82$*-1"(%&2$*-28Z(%,2$* ("1&%,%2'18#$P*Y0#>0#"2'*&#* 81$*)X$*1>#,(1&1$*18* >%'18*&#* 81* 9+*K#-L38%,1LL*,2'* 81$*)%$)1$)#&%&1$*'#28%3#"18#$*Y0#*V2;* 8#*1-8%,1'*1* 82$*-0#382$*&#*H0"2-1P*;*Y0#$#1'*1&#)X$P*#'*$0*)1;2"Z1P*&#*0'1*18(1*>2")1,%6'*1,1&a)%,1P*$#1'*%/018T)#'(#* 81*-"#$1*)X$* >X,%8*&#* 81*)1'%-081,%6'*)#&%X(%,1*&#* 81*28%/1"Y0Z1P

LL* * * * 9+*K#-L38%,1=*!#"%2&2*V%$(6"%,2T-28Z(%,2*:#'#N281'2*Y0#*,2""#*1*-1"(%"*&#D@EC*,01'&2*+#'#N0#81*#$*$#-1"1&1*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*&#*O282)3%1* [>7&R67?,<><FC97]* V1$(1*DGGG* ,2'* 81* :%/#',%1*&#* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81U


17

-2"Y0#* 82$*)#'$1R#$* &#* 82$*)#&%2$* '2* V1,#'*)X$* Y0#* "#>2"N1"8#$* 81)#'(18%&1&* >2")1&1* #'* #8*)2&#82* #&0,1(%:2* '#28%3#"18* %)-0#$(2* #'+#'#N0#81*&0"1'(#* 81$*L8(%)1$*&2$*&a,1&1$*&#8* $%/82*ddP* >0'&1&1*#'*#8%'&%:%&018%$)2P*#8*#/2Z$)2*;*-2"*0'*&#$)#&%&2*1>X'*&#* 80,"2P*Y0#*7:9SF9>7&1*#$1$*,1-1$*)#&%1$*&#*81*$2,%#&1&*1*82$*%'(#"#$#$*&#*81*28%/1"Y0Z1[R1)X$*1*$0$*-"%:%8#/%2$]P*;*$0$(#'(1*0'1*$0-0#$(1*&%>#"#',%1*&#* %'(#"#T$#$*#'("#* 81*5@?B@&C9@?*;* 82$*$#,(2"#$*-2-081"#$*&#8*-1Z$P* 88#:X'&281$*181*,2',80$%6'*&#*Y0#* 81*-8#'1*"#18%N1,%6'*#'* 81*:%&1*$#*#',0#'("1*#'*#8,2'$0)2*&#* 82$*3%#'#$*;* $#":%,%2$*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&*&#*)1'#"1*#g,80$%:1-2"*0'1*)%'2"Z1P*#'*80/1"*&#*81*/1"1'(Z1*-1"1*(2&2$*;*(2&1$*&#*&%$-2'#"&#*#$2$*3%#'#$*;*$#":%,%2$P*-1"1*0'1*:%&1*&%/'1*;*&#*3%#'#$(1"*,28#,(%:2Y0#*1$#/0"#* 81*-1N*$2,%18U

O2'>%")1* 82*1'(#"%2")#'(#*#g-0#$(2P*Y0#*#8*'%:#8* 1,1&a)%,2*;*#8'%:#8*,08(0"18*'2*$%#)-"#*:1'*R0'(2$P*-2"Y0#*#882*'2*V1,#*)X$*Y0#*"#("1T(1"*1* 82$*$#,(2"#$*2-2$%(2"#$*18*-"2,#$2*"#:280,%2'1"%2*&#* 81$*,1-1$*)#T&%1$P* #'* $0* ,2'&%,%6'*&#*F7659?7>9D7D& 8=>B=67>=* %)%(1,%6'* ;* $#'(%&2*&#%'>#"%2"%&1&*,2'*"#$-#,(2*1*81*>2")1*&#*:%&1*&#*H0"2-1*;*HHUhhUP*Y0#*81$88#:1*18*&#$-"#,%2*&#* 82*-"2-%2* [V%$(2"%1P* ,08(0"1*;*#g%$(#',%1]LLLU

!2"*2("1*-1"(#P* 82$* $#,(2"#$*)X$*V0)%8&#$*&#8*-1Z$* [Y0#* $682* (0T:%#"2'*1,,#$2*"#18*1*81*#&0,1,%6'*,2'*#8*/23%#"'2*328%:1"%1'2]*V1'*:#'%T&2* &#)2$("1'&2* 0'* 18(2* '%:#8* ,08(0"18* 18* (2)1"* ,2',%#',%1* $23"#* 81$,10$1$*V%$(6"%,1$*&#*$0*)1"/%'18%&1&*#,2'6)%,1P*$2,%18*;*#$-1,%18c*,2)T-"#'&%#'&2*Y0#*#$1*$%(01,%6'*#$*"#$08(1&2*&#*0'*-"2,#$2*Y0#*-1"(#*&#DFG@*,2'* 81* %':1$%6'P*#8* $1Y0#2*;* 81*#$,81:%(0&* %)-0#$(1*-2"* 82$*#0"2T-#2$P*-1"1*&#$1""2881"$#*,2'*81*#g,80$%6'P*81*"#-"#$%6'*;*81*'#/1,%6'*&#$0$*&#"#,V2$*-2"*-1"(#*&#*82$*/23%#"'2$*&#*81*28%/1"Y0Z1P*V1$(1*81*88#/1T&1*&#* 81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1c* ;* #'*#$1* (2)1*&#* ,2',%#',%1*-28Z(%,1P82$* $#,(2"#$* -2-081"#$* V1'* :#'%&2* >2"(18#,%#'&2* ;* 1$0)%#'&2* ,2'*2"T/0882* $0*-1("%)2'%2*V%$(6"%,2T$2,%18P* ,2'$(%(0%&2*-2"* :182"#$* ,08(0"18#$2"%/%'1"%2$* ;* -2"* 0'1* ("1&%,%6'* V%$(6"%,1* &#* 80,V1$* "#:280,%2'1"%1$* ;1'(%%)-#"%18%$(1$=* 81* "#$%$(#',%1* %'&Z/#'1P* 81$* %'$0""#,,%2'#$

LLL***iHIP*<He!e<5eU*J2(1*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*$@8@:9D7D@:&O&D@6@8G<:&G=F7?<:T&6@A<>=89U?O&:<897>9:F<&&#*7ISMeI*OfOHKH.P*bHKH.IP*%',80%&2*#'**<:&D@6@8G<:&G=F7?<:&D@:SD@&@>&@?V<I=@&86HB98<W&6@V>@X9<?@:&;767&@>&7C<6D7Y@&D@&>7&6@7>9D7D&A@?@Z<>7?7&O>7B9?<7F@6987?7U*5#>#'$2"Z1*&#8*!0#382P*j0'&1,%6'*`01'*+%:#$*.0"%XU*O1"1T,1$P*BCDDU*-U*BCBU

Ulises Daal

18

-"#%'&#-#'&#'(%$(1$P* 81*70#""1* &#* 9'&#-#'&#',%1P* 81*70#""1* j#&#"18P81* 80,V1$*,2'("1* 81$*&%,(1&0"1$*)%8%(1"#$*;*-1"(%&2,"X(%,1$c*1$Z*,2)2*&#$0*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*#'*81*&#>#'$1*&#*81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1*1'(#*#8*/28T-#*&#*H$(1&2*&#8*BCCB*;*,2'("1*82$*"#%(#"1&2$*$132(1R#$*&#*81*28%/1"Y0Z1#'*$0$* %'(#'(2$*-2"*&#""2,1"81U

_*#$*#$1*,2',%#',%1*-28Z(%,1*18,1'N1&1*-2"* 82$* $#,(2"#$*-2-081"#$P82*Y0#*-2(#',%1* 81*1,(%:1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-28Z(%,1*Y0#*1,(018)#'(#*#R#",#'#'* 81* #&%>%,1,%6'*&#* 81*'0#:1* $2,%#&1&P*-"%',%-18)#'(#*&#* 81$*)0R#"#$PY0#*"#-"#$#'(1'*)X$*&#*$#$#'(1*-2"*,%#'(2*#'* 81*2"/1'%N1,%6'*;*)2:%8%TN1,%6'* $2,%18* ;* ,2)0'%(1"%1* &#8* -1Z$c* ;* 82* ,018* (1)3%a'*#$*^kY0%a'* 82&0&1l^*567897:&2*;<6&8=>;7*&#*W0/2*OVX:#NU

J2*23$(1'(#* 82*1'(#"%2"P* ,2'*#$(#* 8%3"2* $#*-"#(#'&#*^,2'*V0)%8T&1&P*-#"2*&#,%&%&1)#'(#^*&1"* "#$-0#$(1*1*0'2$*;*2("2$* $#,(2"#$*&#* 81$2,%#&1&*:#'#N281'1P*1$Z*,2)2*1*Y0%#'#$*)X$*188X*&#*81$*>"2'(#"1$*&#*81K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81P* $#* $%#'(1'* %'(#"#$1&2$* #'* 1-"2g%T)1"$#*18* ,2'2,%)%#'(2* $23"#*#8*-"2,#$2* "#:280,%2'1"%2*Y0#*1&#81'(1*#8-0#382* :#'#N281'2c* 1&:%"(%#'&2P* Y0#* 18* V13#"* $%&2* #$,"%(2*^,2)2* $#%'>2")1*&#$&#* 81*&#&%,1(2"%1^*,2'* %'(#',%6'*&#*1-2"(#*1"/0)#'(1(%:2-1"1*81*&#>#'$1*&#*81*-"2-0#$(1*&#8*.2,%18%$)2*M28%:1"%1'2P*'2*$#*1$0)##'*$0*&#$1""2882*'%'/0'1*-2$(0"1*&#* $0-0#$(1*'#0("18%&1&P* (1'(2*-2"* 821'(#$*&%,V2P*,2)2*-2"*81*%'#g%$(#',%1*&#*'#0("18%&1&*18/0'1*#'*#8*,1)-2&#* 81$*V0)1'%&1&#$P*-#"2*Y0#*18*#$(1"*2"%#'(1&2*-2"* 81*a(%,1* "#:280,%2T'1"%1P* ,2'88#:1* (2&1* 81* "#$-2'$13%8%&1&* ;* 81* V2'#$(%&1&* -2$%38#$P*)#T&%1'(#*@>&:@?B9D<&8<FQ?*#'*#8*1'X8%$%$*;*81*#g-2$%,%6'*&#*82$*-81'(#1)%#'T(2$P*-0#$(2*Y0#*^,2)2*-81'(#1*mU*bU*`2'#$=*><:&G@8G<:*[#'*82$*,018#$*$#31$1*81*,%#',%1]*;*><:&A7><6@:*[#'*82$*Y0#*$#*31$1'*81$*V0)1'%&1&#$]P*,2'$T(%(0;#'*0'1*0'%&1&*&%18a,(%,1*&2'&#* n(2&2$* 82$* 881)1&2$*V#,V2$*#$(X',2)-8#(1)#'(#*(#\%&2$*-2"*:182"#$P*;*(2&2$*82$*:182"#$*#$(X'*,2)-8#(1T)#'(#*)1",1&2$*-2"*81*>1,(018%&1&oc*-2"*82*Y0#*#'*80/1"*&#*,2',#3%"*n&2$)0'&2$*$#-1"1&2$P*#8*&#* 81*,%#',%1*;*&#8*V0)1'%$)2P*-2&#)2$*#$-#"1"#',2'("1"P*&#'("2*&#* 81*#g-#"%#',%1P*0'*)0'&2P*0'1* "#18%&1&=*#8*:@?B9D<8<FQ?oLLLLU

LLLL*H'&[6<C>@F7:&D@&\9><:<VH7&D@>&"@6@8G<&O&D@>&%:B7D<L&N9;UB@:9:&;767&=?7&\9><:<VH7+?B9G@5@FU?987&D@>&"@6@8G<&O&D@>&%:B7D<P*&#*`USU*5H<7I5e*eOIJ5eU*+1&#88*W#"T)1'2$*H&%(2"#$U*+18#',%1*[+#'#N0#81]P*BCCFU*--U*F?TF@U


19

k"U?D@&@:BJ&>7&,<F=?7&@?&>7&,<?:B9B=89U?&1<>9A7697?74*#$*"#$08(1T&2*&#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#8*10(2"P*,2)2*&%-0(1&2*1* 81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81* [BCCATBCDD]P*#'*#8*-"2,#$2*&#>2")081,%6'*&#8*1><I=@&D@&*@O@:&D@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76P*81$*,018#$*&1'*$2-2"T(#*1*81*-"2-0#$(1*&#8*.2,%18%$)2*M28%:1"%1'2=*#8*H$(1&2*O2)0'18c*1$Z*,2)2&#*81*#(1-1*#'*81*Y0#*18*10(2"*8#*,2""#$-2'&%6*#R#",#"*81*-"#$%&#',%1*&#*81O2)%$%6'*!#")1'#'(#*&#*!1"(%,%-1,%6'*O%0&1&1'1P*5#$,#'("18%N1,%6'* ;5#$1""2882*K#/%2'18*[V2;*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*;*S#&%2$*&#*O2)0'%,1,%6']P;*,2)2*(18P* 81*,22"&%'1,%6'*&#* 81*"#&1,,%6'*;*&#>#'$1*&#*#$#*,0#"-2*&#8#;#$c*;*80#/2P*,2)2*1$#$2"*#'*)1(#"%1*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*#'*#8!1"81)#'(2*'1,%2'18U

H'*#$#* $#'(%&2P* #8* ,2'(#'%&2*&#8* 8%3"2*-"2,#&#*&#*#$(0&%2$P* ,2'T$08(1$P* %':#$(%/1,%2'#$* ;* &#31(#$* #'* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$P* &#* 81* &%$,0$%6'-1"81)#'(1"%1*-1"1* 81*1-"231,%6'*&#*#$2$* %'$("0)#'(2$*R0"Z&%,2$*;*&#*81,2'(%'0%&1&*&#8* ("131R2*#'*#$#*,1)-2U

!"#:%2*1* 81* "#>#"#',%1* $23"#* 82$*1$-#,(2$* >0'&1)#'(18#$*&#8* ,2'T(#'%&2*&#8* 8%3"2P* $#*V1*&#* $#\181"*Y0#*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*#8132"1,%6'*&#* 81$<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*1-"231&1$*-2"* 81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18*#'("#* 82$1\2$*BCCG*;*BCDCQQQQQP* $#*&#$1""2886*&#$&#* 81*O2)%$%6'*!#")1'#'(#*&#!1"(%,%-1,%6'*O%0&1&1'1P*5#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*;*5#$1""2882*K#/%2'18*,2'* 81$-"#$%&#',%1$*&#*82$*&%-0(1&2$*51"Z2*+%:1$*[BCCG]P*I8>"#&2*S0"/1*[#'#"2T)1;2*BCDC]*;*h8%$#$*5118*[R0'%2*BCDCT#'#"2*BCDD]P*#R#",%#'&2*81*:%,#-"#T$%&#',%1*#8*&%-0(1&2*e"#$(#"#$*<#18*;*81*.#,"#(1"Z1*#8*<%,U*+Z,(2"*M1""X#Nc*#%'(#/"1&1*81*O2)%$%6'*1&#)X$*-2"*82$*&%-0(1&2$*K1>1#8*5#8/1&2P*W1;&a#S1,VZ'P* `01'*.18:1&2"*71",Z1P* `2$a*70%&2*5#*j"#%(1$P*I0/0$(2*S2'(%#8P`01'* `2$a*S%88X'P* `01'*O1"82$*I8#)X'P*!1("%,%1*b28#&2P*m%88%1)*S1'(%881P`2$a*<0%$*K1'/#8*;*K1>1#8*K2$$#88c*,2'*0'*#Y0%-2*(a,'%,2*,2'>2")1&2*-2"`08%2* Oa$1"* <232P* !#&"2*S#N1P* b1';1*K2'&6'P*S1"Z1* K2$1"%2* O1$(%882PS1//8%2*O1")2'1P* <0%$1*+%881$)%8P*S1/8%'%* !%\1'/2P*I'1*S1"%'1*!a"#NP

QQQQQ*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*82$*O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$*["#>2")1*&#*81*<#;*&#*82$*O2'$#R2$O2)0'18#$*&#8*1\2*BCCA]P*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2P*<#;e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$*O2)0'1$P*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#!81'%>%,1,%6'*!L38%,1*;*!2-081"P*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*.%$(#)1*H,2'6)%,2*O2)0T'18* ;* <#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*O2'("182"Z1* .2,%18U* !2$(#"%2")#'(#* $#*&%,(1"2'=* <#;e"/X'%,1*&#* 81*`0"%$&%,,%6'*H$-#,%18*&#* 81*`0$(%,%1*&#*!1N*O2)0'18*[BCDD]*;<#;*e"/X'%,1*-1"1*81*7#$(%6'*O2)0'%(1"%1*&#*O2)-#(#',%1$P*.#":%,%2$*;*2("1$I("%30,%2'#$* [BCDB]U

Ulises Daal

20

<#1'&"2*K2&"Z/0#N* ;* I&1*+%:1$c* ,2)2* ,2'$08(2"#$=* O1"82$*S1Y0%'1* ;m%88%1)*OX"&#'1$c* ;* #8* #Y0%-2* 1&)%'%$("1(%:2* %'(#/"1&2*-2"*O1(V#"%'#+%88#/1$P* <0%$1* M"1N6'P* I&"%X'*701,1"X'P* K2$$2*7"%)10P* <0%$*S181:aPm%88%1)* `%)a'#NP*I83#"(2* <1>2'(P*f'/#8* <1'&#"P*S1":%$*J2#)Z*O1-2(#*;S1"Z1*&#8*O1")#'*+X$,2'#N*&#*I,2$(1U

5#*%/018*)1'#"1P*V1*"#,2'2,#"$#*1Y0Z*#8*1-2;2*-"#$(1&2*#'*#8*-"2T,#$2*&#* >2")081,%6'*&#* 81$* <#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*-2"*&#8*S%'%$(#"%2&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*-1"1*81$*O2)0'1$*;*!"2(#,,%6'*.2,%18*;*81*!"2,0"1&0"Z17#'#"18*&#*81*K#-L38%,1P*1$Z*,2)2*82$*%)-2"(1'(#$*1-2"(#$*"#18%N1&2$*-2"#8*&%-0(1&2*S1'0#8*M"%,#\2*Sa'&#NP*:%,#-"#$%&#'(#*&#*81*O2)%$%6'*!#"T)1'#'(#*&#*I)3%#'(#P*K#,0"$2$*J1(0"18#$*;*e"&#'1,%6'*b#""%(2"%18*&#*81I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18c* ;* &#8* 132/1&2* ,2)0'18* >18,2'%1'2*OX$(2"*JL\#NS2"8#$U

H8* 8%3"2*#$(X*2"/1'%N1&2*#'*2,V2* ,1-Z(082$*Y0#* $#*&#$1""2881'*#'0'1* %'(#"-"#(1,%6'* &#8* ,2'(#'%&2* &#* 81* O2'$(%(0,%6'* &#* 81* K#-L38%,1M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81* [OKM+]*1*-1"(%"*&#* $0*!"#X)3082P* 82$*1"(Z,082$&%"#,(1)#'(#*:%',081&2$* ,2'*#8*&#"#,V2*1* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ,%0&1&1'1*;1Y0#882$*2("2$*1"(Z,082$*&#8*b#g(2*j0'&1)#'(18*Y0#*/01"&1'*"#81,%6'*,2'#$(#*&#"#,V2P*1$Z*,2)2*&#* 81& 9?B@?89<?7>9D7D&D@& >7&?<6F7=* 81*Hg-2$%,%6'&#*S2(%:2$P*-1"1*&#)2$("1"* 81* ,2""#$-2'&#',%1*&#* 81$* <#;#$*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"* ,2'*#8*)1",2*,2'$(%(0,%2'18* :#'#N281'2P*1$Z* ,2)2* 81*238%/1,%6'#$(138#,%&1*1*81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18*-1"1*&%,(1"*#$1$*'2")1$U*I$%)%$)2P*182*81"/2*&#8*&#$1""2882*&#8* 8%3"2*$#*#g-2'#'*81$*"1N2'#$*[,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$;*-28Z(%,1$]*&#*V13#"$#*#$(138#,%&2* ,2)2*-"2-6$%(2* >0'&1)#'(18*&#* 81$<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"* 81*,2'$("0,,%6'*&#* 81*$2,%#&1&*$2,%18%$(1U

H'* ,2'$#,0#',%1P* #'* #8* O1-Z(082* 9=*%>& V9?& :=;6@F<P* $#* #$(138#,#Y0#*81*OKM+*#$*81*-"%)#"1*#'*81*V%$(2"%1*&#8*,2'$(%(0,%2'18%$)2*)0'&%18Y0#*'2* >0#*&%,(1&1*,2'*#8*23R#(2*&#*,2'$#":1"*2*)1'(#'#"* 81$* %'$(%(0T,%2'#$*&#*81*$2,%#&1&*#'*81*,018*>0#*1-"231&1P*,2)2*(1)-2,2*-1"1*#$(1T38#,#"* ,2'&%,%6'*-a("#1*2* %')0(138#*&#* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$*Y0#*#881*)%$T)1*2"&#'1*,"#1"P*;*#'*#$#*$#'(%&2*$#*&#)0#$("1*^(18*,2)2*82*V1*-81'T(#1&2* #8* O2)1'&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#N^*Y0#*F=8G<&FJ:& I=@& =?7& 876B7;<>HB987T*81*OKM+*@:&=?&;6<O@8B<T&@:&=?&D@:7VH<P*Y0#*81*,2':%#"(#*#'*%'$T("0)#'(2*-1"1*81*("1'$>2")1,%6'*$2,%18*;*1:1',#*V1,%1*0'*)2&#82*$2,%1818(#"'1(%:2* 18* ,1-%(18%$(1U


21

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b1)3%a'*$#*("1(1*#'#$(#*,1-Z(082*81*,8X$%,1*&%$;0'(%:1*#'("#*"#>2")1*2*"#:280,%6'P*Y0#*&#$&#-"%',%-%2$*&#8* $%/82*-1$1&2* $#*V1*-81'(#1&2* $23"#* 82$*-"2,#$2$*Y0#* $#V1'*&#>%'%&2*,2)2*&#*("1'$>2")1,%6'*$2,%18P*&#)2$("X'&2$#*#8*,1"X,(#"10(a'(%,1)#'(#* "#:280,%2'1"%2*&#8* -"2,#$2*328%:1"%1'2U

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

I$%)%$)2P*#'*#$(#*,1-Z(082*$#*#g-2'#*#8*.%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*!81T'%>%,1,%6'*,2'(#)-81&2*#'*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*!L38%,1*;*!2T-081"P* ,2)2*#8* %'$("0)#'(2* >0'&1)#'(18*-1"1*#8* %)-08$2*&#8*H$(1&2*O2T)0'18*)#&%1'(#*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8*S2&#82*j#&#"18*O22-#"1(%:2U

<1*>2")1*,2)2*#"1*,2',#3%&2*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*#'*81O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*DGADP*$0*(1"&Z1*;*'#/1(%:1* %)-8#)#'(1,%6'*18*>%'18*&#*819+*K#-L38%,1* ;* $0*&%>#"#',%1* ,2'*#8* -"2,#$2*#$(138#,%&2*#'* 81*OKM+P* $##g-2'#'*#'*81*$#,,%6'*"@:8@?B67>9Z789U?*&#*#$(#*,1-Z(082P*&2'&#*1&#)X$$#*#:%&#',%1*,6)2*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*:#'#N281'1$*V1'*:#'%&2*1$0)%#'&2$0*&#"#,V2*1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*#'*81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$U

H'*#8*O1-Z(082* 9+=**7&,<F=?9D7D&@?& >7&,312P* $#*-2'#*#'* ,81"2* 81-"##)%'#',%1*Y0#*81*O1"(1*S1/'1*8#*,2'>%#"#*1*81*,2)0'%&1&*[1*82*8<F=S

Ulises Daal

22

?9B769<P*8<F=?7>]*-1"1*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#*>0',%2'#$*Y0#*V1$(1* 81*1-"231,%6'&#8*b#g(2*j0'&1)#'(18*&#*DGGG*#$(0:%#"2'* "#$#":1&1$*#'* (2&2$* 82$*-1ZT$#$P*&#*)1'#"1*#g,80$%:1P*1* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*H$(1&2c*;* 82*,018*>0'&1T)#'(1* 81* ,"#1,%6'*&#* 82$*10(2/23%#"'2$* ,2)0'18#$*-1"1*#8* #R#",%,%2*&%T"#,(2*&#8*-2&#"*-1"(#*&#8*-0#382*)#&%1'(#*$0*2"/1'%N1,%6'*@?&O&7&;76B96&#* 81* ,2)0'%&1&U

5#*%/018*)1'#"1P*#'*#$(#*,1-Z(082*$#*&#>%'#'*;*#$(138#,#'*81$*&%>#T"#',%1$*#'("#*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*,2',#3%&1*#'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#DGAD*;*81*>2")1*,2)2*#$#*&#"#,V2*#$*,2'(#)-81&2*#'*81*OKM+c*#'*(1'(2Y0#*#'* 81*$#,,%6'**7&,<F=?7T&$#*#$(138#,#* 81* >0'&1)#'(1,%6'*,2'$(%(0T,%2'18* 1*-1"(%"* &#* 81* ,018* $#* 8#*2(2"/6*1* #$(1*2"/1'%N1,%6'* ,2)0'%(1"%1,2'&%,%6'*&#*#'(%&1&* 82,18*-1"1* 81*,2'$("0,,%6'*&#* 81*$2,%#&1&*$2,%18%$(1&#* %/018&1&P* R0$(%,%1*;*#Y0%&1&*$2,%18U*I$%)%$)2P*$#*V1,#*"#>#"#',%1*;*$#$0$(#'(1*#8*-2"Y0a*&#* 81$* ,2'&%,%2'#$*#$(138#,%&1$*#'* 81$* <#;#$*&#8*!2T&#"*!2-081"*-1"1*81*,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81$*%'$(1',%1$*;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*,2)0T'18#$P*&#$(1,X'&2$#* 81* %'%,%1(%:1*-2-081"*,2)2* %'$(%(0,%6'*Y0#*/1"1'(%N181* $23#"1'Z1*-8#'1*&#8*-0#382*#'* 81*#&%>%,1,%6'*&#* 81*'0#:1* $2,%#&1&c*#%/018)#'(#*$#*#g-"#$1'*81$*R0$(%>%,1,%2'#$*&#8*"#/%$("2*&#*81$*%'$(1',%1$*;2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*,2)0'18#$*1'(#*#8*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*,2'*,2)T-#(#',%1*#'*)1(#"%1*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1P*1$Z*,2)2*81$*"1N2'#$*&#Y0#* 82$*-81'#$*&#*&#$1""2882*&#* 81$* %'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"* $#* ,2T""#$-2'&1'* ,2'* 82$* 8%'#1)%#'(2$*/#'#"18#$*&#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2T'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'U

<1*#$>#"1*&#*1,(01,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"=*!81'%>%,1,%6'*&#*!28Z(%T,1$* !L38%,1$P* H,2'2)Z1*O2)0'18P* O2'("182"Z1* .2,%18P*e"&#'1,%6'* b#""%T(2"%18*;* `0$(%,%1*O2)0'18P*#$*&#$1""2881&1*#'*#8*O1-Z(082*+=*)FC9B<:&D@>[<D@6& [<;=>76L

H'*#8*O1-Z(082*+9=*%:B7D<&,<F=?7>P*$#*%'>2")1*$23"#*#8*2"%/#'*&#*81,2',#-,%6'*;*,2'>%/0"1,%6'*&#*#$(1*>2")1*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*-28Z(%,2T$2,%18-1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%T,%1P* 1$Z* ,2)2* $#*#$(138#,#* 81*&%>#"#',%1* ;* ,2)-8#)#'(1"%#&1&*#'("#*#8H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1*;*#8*H$(1&2*O2)0T'18P*&#)2$("X'&2$#*Y0#*#8*$#/0'&2*'2*'%#/1*'%*$0-81'(1*18*-"%)#"2P*$%'2Y0#*/1"1'(%N1*81*-8#'1*"#18%N1,%6'*&#*a$(#P*)#&%1'(#*81*:280'(1&*&#8*-0#T382*@X;6@:7D7&>9C6@F@?B@&;<6&><:&F@D9<:&D@&;76B989;789U?&;<>HB987&O&:<897>L


23

5#*%/018*)1'#"1P*$#*-81'(#1*#'*#$(#*,1-Z(082*81*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&,Z:%,2T)%8%(1"*#$(138#,%&1*#'* 81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"c*$#* %'>2")1*$2T3"#* ,6)2*$#*&#$1""2886*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*,2'$08(1*-L38%,1*-1"1* 81* >2")081T,%6'*;*1-"231,%6'*&#*#$1$*'2")1(%:1$c*;* $#*&#)0#$("1*Y0#*#8*V#,V2*&#Y0#*#'("#*81$*-"2-0#$(1$*&#8*'#/1&2*-"2;#,(2*&#*"#>2")1*,2'$(%(0,%2'18&#8* 1\2*BCC?*#$(0:%#$#'* >%/0"1$* ,2)2* 81$* ,2)0'1$P* #'*'1&1* 8%)%(1* #8"#,2'2,%)%#'(2* 8#/18*&#*#$1$* %'$(1',%1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*-1"1* 81*-1"(%,%T-1,%6'*-2-081"U

H'*#8*O1-Z(082*+99=*+6I=9B@8B=67&Y=6HD987&D@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76P*$#*V1,#0'*1R0$(1&2*"#$0)#'*&#*,1&1*0'1$*&#*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P*&%,(1T&1$*V1$(1*#8*1\2*BCDBU

H'*#8*O1-Z(082*+999=*,<?B67A=@>B7:P* $#*#g-"#$1'*18/0'1$*-"#2,0-1T,%2'#$*;* $0/#"#',%1$* $23"#* 82$*'%:#8#$*&#* ,2)-"#'$%6'*&#8* ,2)-"2)%$2-28Z(%,2*#*%'$(%(0,%2'18*,2'*#8*&#$1""2882*;*,2'$28%&1,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!2-0T81"P*#'*(2"'2*1* 82$*$%/0%#'(#$*(#)1$=* 81*,2',#-,%6'*&#8*!0#382*<#/%$81&2",2)2*#R#",%,%2*2"/1'%N1&2*&#8*&#"#,V2*1* 81* %'%,%1(%:1* 8#/%$81(%:1*-2-081"c#8*"%#$/2*&#*%)-08$1"*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*81*#,2'2)Z1*,2)0'18*&#*0'1*)1'#T"1*&%$(%'(1*1*81*,2',#3%&1*#'*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*.%$(#)1*H,2'6)%,2*O2T)0'18c*#8* $#,(1"%$)2*Y0#*-0&%#"1*-"#$#'(1"$#*#'*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*,2'>2"T)1,%6'*&#* 81$* %'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"c* 81*-#"(%'#',%1*&#*-2'#"*#'>0',%2'1)%#'(2* 81*K#&*&#*O2)#",%2* `0$(2* ;* .0)%'%$("2* .2,%18%$(1*#$(1T38#,%&1*#'*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*.%$(#)1*H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18c*;*81*I(#',%6'O%0&1&1'1*,2)2*)#&%2*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*-"2(1/2'%$)2*-2-081"P*&#$(%T'1&2*1*,2'("%30%"*,2'* 81*#>%,%#',%1*#'*#8*&#$1""2882*&#* 81$*1,(%:%&1&#$*&#81*/#$(%6'*-L38%,1*;* 81*-"#:#',%6'*&#*-"X,(%,1$*'2*a(%,1$*#'*$0*>0',%2'1T)%#'(2U

H8*,1-Z(082*[;*#8*8%3"2]*,%#""1*,2'*0'*-2#)1*&#8*10(2"*(%(081&2*%I=9SA<876?<:&B<D<:P*#$,"%(2*#'*DGGFU

j%'18)#'(#P*#8*10(2"*#g-"#$1*0'*1/"1&#,%)%#'(2*#$-#,%18*18*&2,(2"S%/0#8*5Z1N*iX""1/1P*-2"*$0*#$(Z)082P*,"Z(%,1*;*1-2;2*&2,0)#'(18*&0"1'(#81* "#18%N1,%6'*&#8* 8%3"2U

9H<J=J*;44H

.9>9B7?B@&;@6F7?@?B@&D@&>7&29D7N7C9B7?B@&;@6;@B=<&D@&>7&*9C@6B7D

I3"%8*&#*BCDEU

Ulises Daal

24


25

>E'9+'F1$'(0G5&/.

Ulises Daal

26


27

HE'89ID;"=->?;'"9'A='897J3A>-=

IA&7(,*.$@",$/04@*$F(%$,*$%.$'*.0)&%$"+",-"#$@"40"$&"

4*,.5#(4406,$/%$(,"$.*40%/"/$.*40"&0.5"$4*,$&"$>*,.505(2

406,$;*&0+"#0","H$j*$'0/*$.*&"8%,5%$F(%$.%$&%"$4*,$%a"42

505(/3$4*,$/%5%,080%,5*3$4*,$&('"3$&*.$0,.5#(8%,5*.$F(%

@%8*.$%.5")&%40/*$/%$&"$"."8)&%"$/%$40(/"/",*.3$/%$&*.

#%9%#%,/*.LH$ V

M<HH<47*H4!4

<1*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81* [OKM+]#$* 81*-"%)#"1*#'* 81*V%$(2"%1*&#8* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18%$)2*)0'&%18*Y0#*'2* >0#&%,(1&1* ,2'*#8* 23R#(2*&#* ,2'$#":1"*2*)1'(#'#"* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#* 81$2,%#&1&*#'*81*,018*>0#*1-"231&1P*,2)2*(1)-2,2*-1"1*#$(138#,#"*,2'&%T,%6'*-a("#1*2*%')0(138#*&#*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$*Y0#*#881*)%$)1*2"&#'1*,"#1"UH882*#$*1$Z*-2"Y0#*18*#$(138#,#"$#*Y0#*#8*V9?&:=;6@F<&&#*81*OKM+*#$*#8&&#n"#>0'&1"* 81* K#-L38%,1* -1"1* #$(138#,#"* 0'1* $2,%#&1&* &#)2,"X(%,1P-1"(%,%-1(%:1*;*-"2(1/6'%,1P*)08(%a('%,1*;*-80"%,08(0"18oBP*V1,#*&#*'0#$("1O1"(1*S1/'1* %'$("0)#'(2*-1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*0'*-"2,#$2*&#* ("1'$>2"T)1,%6'*$2,%18*#'*81*&%"#,,%6'*&#*18,1'N1"*#$#&V9?&:=;6@F<L

D* * * * *m9<<9IJ*<IKI=*"9:8=6:<:& 0?:=65@?B@:L*j2'&2*H&%(2"%18*m%88%1'*<1"1U*O1"1,1$PBCDBU*-U*ABpU

B* & & & & [6@JFC=><* &#* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81U71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*pUFpE*Hg("12"&UrBFTCETBCCCU

Ulises Daal

28

O2)2*82*#:%&#',%1*O"%1&2*&#*5%#/2P*$%*81*OKM+*n$#*%)-2'#*81*(1"#1&#*s#$(138#,#"*0'1*$2,%#&1&*&#)2,"X(%,1t*#$*-2"Y0#*'2*,2',%3#*81*&#)2T,"1,%1*,2)2*0'*@:B7D<P*$%'2*,2)2*0'*;6<8@:<oc*;*#'*#$#*$#'(%&2P*)X$*Y0#0'*,2',#-(2*&#*D@F<867897P* #$(138#,#*0'*-"2,#$2*&#*D@F<867B9Z789U?P82* ,018* n$0-2'#*0'1* "0-(0"1* ,2'* 81* ,2',#-,%6'* 8%3#"18* 30"/0#$1*&#* 81&#)2,"1,%1o* ;* ,2'88#:1*1* 81* $0-#"1,%6'*&#* $0* ,2',#-(2*;6<8@D9F@?B7>=$281)#'(#&n0'* ,2'R0'(2*&#* %'$(%(0,%2'#$* ;*-"X,(%,1$*-1"1* /1"1'(%N1"* #8-2&#"*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#8*,%0&1&1'2*#'* 81$*,0#$(%2'#$*-28Z(%,1$*&#*0'1$2,%#&1&*Y0#*$#*&%,#*&#)2,"X(%,1*#'*(1'(2*%',2"-2"1*#$1$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$*;-"X,(%,1$oU

!2"*#$2P*81*)%$%6'*Y0#*81*OKM+*8#*n%)-2'#*18*H$(1&2*:#'#N281'2*'2#$* 81*&#*#$(138#,#"* 81*&#)2,"1,%1P* ,2)2*$%* $#* ("1(1"1*&#*0'1* ,2'&%,%6'#$(X(%,1*&#8* >0',%2'1)%#'(2* %'$(%(0,%2'18oP* $%'2*Y0#* $0* >0',%2'1)%#'(2#>#,(%:2*$#"X*n,2'$#,0#',%1*&#*("1'$>2")1,%2'#$*'2* %'$(%(0,%2'18#$P*$%'2$2,%18#$oU

5#*#$#*)2&2P* 18* ,2',#3%"$#* #'* 81*OKM+* 81* &#)2,"1,%1* ,2)2*0'-"2,#$2* [D@F<867B9Z789U?]P* n%)-8%,1*'2* $682* 88#:1"* 81*a(%,1*-L38%,1* ;* 81,2'&%,%6'*&#*%/018&1&*1*81*-"X,(%,1*-"%:1&1P*$%'2*88#:1"*(1)3%a'*81$*-"#T2,0-1,%2'#$*;*82$*)2&2$*&#*81*:%&1*,2(%&%1'1*18*X)3%(2*&#*82*-L38%,2*1("1:a$*&#*81*%'$(%(0,%2'18%&1&*-1"(%,%-1(%:1oc*"#-"#$#'(1'&2*1$Z*0'1*n$0T-#"1,%6'*&#8* ,2',#-(2*&#*,2'$(%(0,%6'*,2)2*'2")1*D@&O&;767* #8*H$(1T&2oP*-2"Y0#*81*D@F<867B9Z789U?*,2'$%$(#*n#'*0'*-"2,#$2*&#*("1'$>2")1T,%6'*$2,%18*#'*#8*Y0#*(1'(2*#8*H$(1&2*,2)2*81*$2,%#&1&*(%#'#'*"#$-2'$1T3%8%&1&#$oEU* [O0"$%:1$* #'* #8* 2"%/%'18]L

!2"*2("1*-1"(#P*18*&%$-2'#"*Y0#*$0*V9?&:=;6@F<&#$*#8&&#*6@V=?D76&>73@;QC>987& ;767& @:B7C>@8@6& =?7& :<89@D7D& D@F<86JB987T& ;76B989;7B9A7& O;6<B75U?987T&F=>B9PB?987&O&;>=698=>B=67>P*81*OKM+*(1)3%a'*#$(X*&#'0',%1'&218*)2&#82* $2,%18*&#* 81* 9+*K#-L38%,1F*&#*1'(%&#)2,"X(%,2P*'#/1&2"*&#* 81

E*******OK9I5e*5H*59H7eP*SIKOe.=*"@F<867897&O&D@6@8G<:&;76B989;7B9A<:W&@>@F@?B<:&D@6=;B=67&8<?&>7&D@F<867897&>9C@67>L*H'=*%:B=D9<:&:<C6@&>7&,<?:B9B=89U?&D@&>7&3@;QSC>987&1<>9A7697?7&D@&2@?@Z=@>7L* d*I'%:#"$1"%2U*!"2,0"1&0"Z1*7#'#"18*&#* 81K#-L38%,1U*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU*--U*pCTpDU

L******O01'&2*81$*,%(1$*0(%8%N1&1$*#'*#$(#*8%3"2*,2'(#'/1'*8=6:9A7:*;r2*0"5D)()0,5Y0#*-#"(#'#N,1'*18*(#g(2*2"%/%'18*"#$#\1&2P*1$Z*$#"X*%'&%,1&2c*#'*(1'(2*Y0#,01'&2*'2*$#*V1/1*'%'/0'1*%'&%,1,%6'*18*"#$-#,(2P*V1*&#*#'(#'&#"$#*Y0#*81$8=6:9A7:*;r2*0"5D)()0,5*$2'*"#$-2'$13%8%&1&*&#8*10(2"U


29

-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ;* &#8* -"2(1/2'%$)2*-2-081"P* ,2)2*#g,80;#'(#*&#* :1$(2$$#,(2"#$* $2,%18#$*;*&#*:182"#$* >0'&1)#'(18#$*&#* 81* >2")1,%6'*#,2'6)%T,1P*$2,%18P*,08(0"18*;*#$-1,%18*&#* 81*J1,%6'*:#'#N281'1U

%>*V9?&:=;6@F<*^Y0#*V1*&#*,2'Y0%$(1"$#*#'*81*:<89@D7D&D@F<86JB9S87T&;76B989;7B9A7&O&;6<B75U?987^*$#* >0'&1)#'(1*#'* 81* ,2'$28%&1,%6'*&#n82$* :182"#$* &#* 81* 8%3#"(1&P* 81* %'&#-#'&#',%1P* 81* -1NP* 81* $28%&1"%&1&P* #83%#'*,2)L'P*81*%'(#/"%&1&*(#""%(2"%18P*81*,2':%:#',%1*;*#8*%)-#"%2*&#*81*8#;-1"1*#$(1*;*81$*>0(0"1$*/#'#"1,%2'#$oP*Y0#*-#")%(1'*1$#/0"1"*n#8*&#"#,V21*81*:%&1P*18*("131R2P*1*81*,08(0"1P*1*81*#&0,1,%6'P*1*81*R0$(%,%1*$2,%18*;*1*81%/018&1&* $%'*&%$,"%)%'1,%6'*'%* $032"&%'1,%6'*18/0'1oUp

!#"2* 81* '0#:1* $2,%#&1&P* #'* 81* ,018* #8* -0#382* #R#"N1* &#*)1'#"1&%"#,(1*;*-8#'1*$0*$23#"1'Z1P*'2*:1*1*,2':#"(%"$#*#'*"#18%&1&*$682*-2"*#8V#,V2*&#*Y0#*#$(a* ,2'(#)-81&1*#'* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'P* $%'2*-2"* 81* $0-#"1T,%6'*&#*0'1*#(1-1*V%$(6"%,1*$%/'1&1*-2"*81$*&%>%,08(1&#$P*,2)-8#R%&1&#$*;,2'>8%,(2$*%'V#"#'(#$*1*(2&2*-"2,#$2*&#*("1'$>2")1,%6'*$2,%18P*;1*Y0#*81$a8%(#$*-28Z(%,1$P*#,2'6)%,1$*;* ,08(0"18#$*&#>#'$2"1$*&#8* :%#R2*)2&#82* $#"#$%$(%"X'*18*'1,%)%#'(2*;*&#$1""2882*&#8*'0#:2*2"&#'* $2,%18P* :18%a'&2$#&#*(2&2* 82*Y0#*#$(a*1*$0*18,1',#*-1"1*("1(1"*&#* %)-#&%"82P* %',80$2*&#* 81-"2-%1* O2'$(%(0,%6'P* (#"/%:#"$X'&281c* -2"Y0#*^,2)2*V1* $2$(#'%&2* #8O2)1'&1'(#*j%&#8*O1$("2^=*EJ2*#g%$(#*#'*81*V%$(2"%1*'%'/L'*,1$2*#'*Y0#82$* "#1,,%2'1"%2$P* 82$* #g-82(1&2"#$P* 82$*-"%:%8#/%1&2$*&#*0'* $%$(#)1* $2T,%18P* $#* "#$%/'#'*18* ,1)3%2P* $#* "#$%/'#'*-1,Z>%,1)#'(#*1* 82$* ,1)3%2$oAc1'(#* 82* ,018* "#$08(1* %)-#"1(%:2*Y0#*#8* -0#382* :#'#N281'2P* -1"1*-2&#"&#""2(1"*81$*-"#(#'$%2'#$*&#*81$*a8%(#$*&#*"#/"#$1"82*1*81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*&#8

F* * * * * 9+*K#-L38%,1=*!#"Z2&2*V%$(6"%,2T-28Z(%,2*:#'#N281'2*Y0#*,2""#*1*-1"(%"*&#D@ECP* ,01'&2* +#'#N0#81* #$* $#-1"1&1* &#* 81* K#-L38%,1* &#* O282)3%1uV%$(2"%2/"X>%,1)#'(#=*>7&R67?&,<><FC97T*J1,%6'*%&#1&1*#*%)-08$1&1*-2"*#8<%3#"(1&2"*.%)6'*M28Z:1"*;*1$Z*#$(138#,%&1*#'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*D@DG*[O2'T/"#$2*&#*I'/2$(0"1P*+#'#N0#81]*;*-"2,81)1&1*>2")18)#'(#*#'*81*O2'$(%(0T,%6'*&#*D@BD*&%,(1&1*-2"*#8*O2'/"#$2*&#*OL,0(1*[O282)3%1]U*H$(131*,2'>2"T)1&1*-2"*82$*(#""%(2"%2$*&#*+#'#N0#81P*81*J0#:1*7"1'1&1*[V2;*O282)3%1*;!1'1)X]*;*v0%(2*[H,01&2"]w*V1$(1*DGGG*,2'*81*:%/#',%1*&#*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'&#*81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81P*Y0#*&1*%'%,%2*1* 81*+*K#-L38%,1U

p******[6@JFC=><*OKM+UA******OI.bKeP*j95H<=**7&3@A<>=89U?&O&>7&8<?B6766@A<>=89U?&@?&@>&,G9>@&D@&+>>@?D@U*e,#1'

.0"U*v0#"a(1"2P*BCCGU*-U*@U

Ulises Daal

30

"a/%)#'*-1"(%&2,"X(%,2*&#* 81* 9+*K#-L38%,1P*1&Y0%#"1* 82$*)1;2"#$*'%:#8#$&#*,2',%#',%1*-28Z(%,1*;*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*-1"1*#$(1"*#'*,1-1,%&1&*&#*-#"T)1'#'(#*)2:%8%N1,%6'*#'*&#>#'$1*&#* $0$* ,2'Y0%$(1$* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$* ;&#*#g%/#',%1*&#*$0*,2',"#,%6'*#'* 81*"#18%&1&*$2,%18U

HEHE'-=8K-<98'<8=;:IB8@="B8'"9'A='-B;:<><D->?;

IQ"$.*)%#",B"$#%.0/%$ 0,5#",.9%#0)&%8%,5%$%,$%&$'(%)&*3

F(0%,$&"$%^%#4%$/0#%45"8%,5%$%,$&"$9*#8"$'#%+0.5"$%,$%.5"

>*,.505(406,$1$%,$ &"$ &%13$%$ 0,/0#%45"8%,5%3$8%/0",5%$%&

.(9#"70*3$'*#$&*.$6#7",*.$F(%$%^%#4%,$%&$!*/%#$!_)&04*H

Q*.$6#7",*.$/%&$=.5"/*$%8",",$/%$&"$.*)%#",B"$'*'(2

&"#$1$"$%&&"$%.5K,$.*8%50/*.LH$A#5H$i$>:;\H

I8*"#,2'2,#"$#*,81"1)#'(#*,2)2*%'$("0)#'(2*-1"1* 81*("1'$>2")1T,%6'* $2,%18P* 81*OKM+* %',80$2*,2'(#)-81*)#,1'%$)2$*,2'* 81* %'(#',%6'*&#Y0#*#8*-"2,#$2*Y0#*%)-08$1*$#*88#:#*1*,132*&#*81*)1'#"1*)#'2$*("10)X(%,1-2$%38#P* ;*#'*#$#* $#'(%&2P*#'*#8* 1"(Z,082*p* [1&#)X$*&#8*-"%',%-%2*&#* 82$-"%',%-%2$=* 9?B67?:V@69C9>9D7D&D@& >7&:<C@67?H7&;<;=>76]P*#$(138#,#*&2$*>2"T)1$*&#*#R#",#"* 81* $23#"1'Z1*-2"*-1"(#*&#8*-0#382=* nD96@8B7F@?B@*#'* 81>2")1*-"#:%$(1* #'*#$(1*O2'$(%(0,%6'* ;* #'* 81* 8#;P* #* 9?D96@8B7F@?B@P*)#T&%1'(#*#8*$0>"1/%2P*-2"*82$*6"/1'2$*Y0#*#R#",#'*#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2oU&5#*#$1$&2$* >2")1$*&#*#R#",%,%2*&#* 81* $23#"1'Z1P* 81*-"%)#"1* [D96@8B7F@?B@]* ,2'T&0,#*18*V9?&:=;6@F<P*1*81*#&%>%,1,%6'*&#*81*&#)2,"1,%1*-"2(1/6'%,1*-2-0T81"P*)%#'("1$*Y0#* 81* $#/0'&1* >2")1*&#*#R#",#"81* [9?D96@8B7F@?B@]* #$* 81"#-"#$#'(1(%:%&1&* V#"#&1&1* &#* 81* 9+* K#-L38%,1* [&#* 81* ("1&%,%6',2'$(%(0,%2'18%$(1*8%3#"18]P*;*#$*-2"*#$2*Y0#*#$(1*-1"(#*&#8*1"(Z,082*p*&#*81OKM+*#$*,2-%1*#g1,(1*&#8*1"(Z,082*F*&#*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*DGAD=*E*7&:<C@S67?H7& 6@:9D@&@?&@>&;=@C><T&I=9@?& >7&@Y@68@T&F@D97?B@&@>& :=V6759<T&;<6& ><:U657?<:&D@>&[<D@6&[QC>98<LK?

5#*#$1*)1'#"1P*#'*81*)#&%&1*Y0#*$#*:1;1*1:1'N1'&2*#'*81*"#18%N1T,%6'*-"X,(%,1*&#* 81*OKM+*V1,%1*#8* V9?& :=;6@F<=*@>& @Y@68989<&D96@8B<&D@& >7

?********O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81*K#-L38%,1*&#*+#'#N0#81=*V((-=rrxxxU($RU/2:U:#r8#/%$81,%2'r,2'$(%(0,%2'DGADU-&>


31

:<C@67?H7&;<6&;76B@&D@>&;=@C><P*1$%)%$)2*V1*&#*%"$#*$0-#"1'&2*#8*#R#",%T,%2*%'&%"#,(2*[>7&6@;6@:@?B7B9A9D7D]P*-2"Y0#*81*"1N6'*&#*#g%$(#',%1*&#*#$#-"%',%-%2* 8%3#"18* #'*'0#$("2*b#g(2*j0'&1)#'(18*#$* 81*&#* %'(#'(1"*1$#/0T"1"*81*#$(13%8%&1&*-28Z(%,1*&0"1'(#*#8*("X'$%(2*&#8*)2&#82*$2,%18*V#"#&1&2V1,%1*81*'0#:1*$2,%#&1&c*-2"*82*Y0#*-0#&#*&#,%"$#*Y0#*81*OKM+P*18*1$0)%"$#%'$("0)#'(2*-1"1*81*("1'$>2")1,%6'*$2,%18P*"#,2/#*#'*$0*1"(Z,082*p*#8*-"%'T,%-%2*/"1)$,%1'2@*$23"#*81*("1'$%,%6'=*@B7;7&D<?D@&><&A9@Y<&?<&B@6F9?7&D@F<696&O&><&?=@A<&?<&B@6F9?7&D@&?78@6L

I8*,2)-2"(1"*#$#*,1"X,(#"*("1'$>2")1&2"P*81*OKM+*$#*-"2;#,(1*,2'$0>%,%#'(#*18,1',#*V%$(6"%,2*-1"1*2"%#'(1"*1*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*H$(1&2*;18*-0#382*V1,%1*81*,2'$("0,,%6'*&#*81*:<89@D7D&D@F<86JB987T&;76B989;7B9A7O&;6<B75U?987P*1$#/0"1'&2*1$Z* 81*-#")1'#',%1*#'*82*>0'&1)#'(18*&#*$0$&%$-2$%,%2'#$* n1* ("1:a$* &#8* ,1)3%2* &#* (%#)-2$oP* '2* n/"1,%1$* 1* Y0#* $#"#-%(1*#'* 82* >0(0"2* 81* ,2'&0,(1*V0)1'1*Y0#* ,2',0#"&1* ,2'*#881o*#'* 811,(018%&1&GP* $%'2*-2"* $0* ,1-1,%&1&*-1"1* %"$#*1&1-(1'&2*1* 81$*&#)1'&1$-28Z(%,2T$2,%18#$*Y0#*#881*)%$)1*%)-08$1*;*81$*Y0#*^#'*#8*-"2,#$2*-2"*#8#R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#8*-2&#"*-2"*-1"(#*&#8*-0#382^*$0"/%"X'*#'*(2&2$* 82$X)3%(2$*&#* 81* "#18%&1&* $2,%18*#* %'$(%(0,%2'18U

HELE A9M9:'7=8='9A'9N98->->B'">89-<B'"9'A=':B398=;O=7B7DA=8

!1"1* 81* #&%>%,1,%6'*&#* 81* '0#:1* $2,%#&1&* $#* "#Y0%#"#* 81* 1-"231T,%6'*&#* 8#;#$*Y0#*#$(138#N,1'* 81$*31$#$*-1"1*#8*$0"/%)%#'(2*;*&#$1""2T882* &#* 81*J0#:1* 9'$(%(0,%2'18%&1&*5#)2,"X(%,1P* ,2'* 81* ,"#1,%6'* &#* 81$%'$(%(0,%2'#$*Y0#*81*OKM+*2"&#'1P*81*1&#,01,%6'*1*82$*-"%',%-%2$*,2'$(%T(0,%2'18#$*&#* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8* :%#R2*)2&#82*Y0#* $#1'* $0$,#-(%38#$1*#882P* ;* 81* $0-"#$%6'*&#* 1Y0#881$*Y0#*#'("#'*#'* 13%#"(1* ,2'("1&%,,%6',2'*#$2$* -"%',%-%2$U

@*******K#81(%:2*1*IJbeJ9e*7KIS.O9*[D@GDTDGE?]P*-#'$1&2"P*>%86$2>2*;*$2,%682/2*%(18%1T'2P*>0'&1&2"*&#8*!1"(%&2*O2)0'%$(1*9(18%1'2P*-#"(#'#,%#'&2*&#$&#*#8*-"%',%T-%2*1*$0*O2)%(a*O#'("18P*18*Y0#*"#-"#$#'(6*#'*S2$,L*#'*#8*$#'2*&#*81*b#",#"19'(#"'1,%2'18* [DGBB]U* .0$*-"%',%-18#$* "#>8#g%2'#$* ;* 1'X8%$%$* #$(X'* ,2'(#'%T&2$*#'&,=7D@6?<:&D@&>7&,J68@>*;*#'*,76B7:&D@&>7&,J68@>U

G******WH<<HKP*WHKSIJJ=*(@<6H7&D@>&%:B7D<U*j2'&2*&#*O08(0"1*H,2'6)%,1U*Sag%,2P********DG??U*-U*BAGU

Ulises Daal

32

!#"2*1&#)X$*&#*,"#1"P*1&#,01"*;*$0-"%)%"*%'$(%(0,%2'#$P*81$*'0#:1$8#;#$*&#3#'*/#'#"1"*,2'&%,%2'#$*Y0#*,2'("%30;1'*1*#8#:1"*#8*'%:#8*&#* 81,2',%#',%1*-28Z(%,1*&#8*-0#382*-1"1*$0*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*#>#,(%:1*#'*81*"#18%N1T,%6'*&#*81*'0#:1*%'$(%(0,%2'18%&1&P*;*,2'*#882P*$0*,1-1,%&1&*&#*,2':#"(%"T$#* #'*-2&#"2$1*2"/1'%N1,%6'* $2,%18* [[<D@6&[<;=>76]* -1"1* 18,1'N1"P*)#T&%1'(#* 81*8<66@:;<?:7C9>9D7D& :<897>* ,2'*#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2P* 82$* >%'#$*#$#'T,%18#$*Y0#*81*OKM+*8#*1$%/'1*18*H$(1&2=

n[y]* 81*&#>#'$1*;*#8*&#$1""2882*&#* 81*-#"$2'1*;*#8*"#$-#(2*1*$0*&%/'%T&1&P*#8* #R#",%,%2*&#)2,"X(%,2*&#* 81* :280'(1&*-2-081"P* 81* ,2'$("0,T,%6'*&#*0'1*$2,%#&1&*R0$(1*;*1)1'(#*&#*81*-1NP*81*-"2)2,%6'*&#*81-"2$-#"%&1&*;*3%#'#$(1"*&#8*-0#382*;*81*/1"1'(Z1*&#8*,0)-8%)%#'(2&#*82$*-"%',%-%2$P*&#"#,V2$*;*&#3#"#$*,2'$1/"1&2$*#'*#$(1*O2'$(%T(0,%6'oDCUH'*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*81*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&&$2,%18&[8<F;6<F9:<&8<FS

;76B9D<&@?B6@&>7&:<89@D7D&O&@>&%:B7D<]P*n<1$*-#"$2'1$*;*82$*/"0-2$*$2,%18#$V1'*&#*#)-#\1"$#*#'* 81* "#18%N1,%6'*;*#R#",%,%2*&#*$0$*&#"#,V2$*;*&#3#T"#$P*)%#'("1$*Y0#*#8* H$(1&2*#$*0'* %'$("0)#'(2*-1"1* 81* $1(%$>1,,%6'*&#(18#$*>%'#$oDDP*&#3%#'&2*#8*-0#382*^,2)2*,2'$#,0#',%1*&#8*,2'2,%)%#'(2&#*$0*-2&#"*;*&#8*0$2*Y0#*V1*&#*&1"8#*-1"1*$0*3#'#>%,%2^*18,1'N1"*0'1/"1'* ,1-1,%&1&*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'* ;*)2:%8%N1,%6'* [[<D@6&[<;=>76]* -1"1* 81&#>#'$1* ;* #g%/#',%1*&#8* ,0)-8%)%#'(2*&#*#$2$* >%'#$*#$#',%18#$P* 1$#/0T"1'&2*Y0#*#8*H$(1&2*,%#"(1)#'(#*$#*,2':%#"(1*#'* %'$("0)#'(2*&#* ("1'$T>2")1,%6'*$2,%18* [%:B7D<&'<897>&D@&"@6@8G<]U

.#*("1(1*^-1"1*-2&#"*1:1'N1"*V1,%1*@>&V9?&:=;6@F<^*&#*Y0#*#'*81$8#;#$*$#*#$(138#N,1'*81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*-1"1*#8*#R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#*81*$23#T"1'Z1*-2"*-1"(#*&#8*-0#382*;* $#*/1"1'(%,#* $0* ,0)-8%)%#'(2*)#&%1'(#* 81,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*$2,%18P* (18*,2)2* 82*-"2;#,(1* 81*OKM+*&#$&#*#8*-"2-%21"(Z,082*p=*ED96@8B7F@?B@&@?&>7&V<6F7&;6@A9:B7&@?&@:B7&,<?:B9B=89U?&!"#$"%&%#!oc*#* %)-2'#*#'* 82$* $%/0%#'(#$=

Q I"(U*BD*[$23"#*81*%/018&1&*1'(#*8#;]=*E'&"%#!"(&)&$*+,&)-&%&."/0$1+2/+0$#.& Y=6HD987:&O&7DF9?9:B67B9A7:&;767&I=@& >7& 95=7>D7D&7?B@& >7& >@O:@7&6@7>&O&@V@8B9A7KL

DC******I"(U*E*OKM+UDD* & &%X;<:989U?&D@&.<B9A<:*&#* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#

+#'#N0#81*[#'*82*1&#81'(#=*HSTOKM+]P*$23"#*#8*O1-Z(082*9=*!"%',%-%2$*j0'T&1)#'(18#$U


33

Q I"(U*AB&["#81(%:2*1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#8*-0#382*#'*81*>2")1,%6'P*#R#T,0,%6'*;*,2'("28*&#*81*/#$(%6'*-L38%,1]=&E3."04%+(&/+5$"1#%"3.*&10&OD@C@6&D@&>7&:<89@D7D&6&/+%+*&)"%&"(#$#)&/+5$"1#"%&."/0$1+/+0$#."7-.6&80)&4%#."9&)&".:"9)-/*+/&KL

Q I"(U*?C*[,2',#"'%#'(#*1*82$*)#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*-"2(1/2'%$)2&#8*-0#382*#'*#R#",%,%2*&#* $0* $23#"1'Z1]=* E'&" %#!"#.*&4%#/#)-" %&./0$1+/+0$#.*-1"1*#8*#>#,(%:2*>0',%2'1)%#'(2*&#*82$*)#&%2$*&#*-1"T(%,%-1,%6'*-"#:%$(2$*#'*#$(#*1"(Z,082oU

Q I"(U*DCB*[$23"#*81*#&0,1,%6']=*nH8*H$(1&2P*,2'*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#*81$>1)%8%1$*;* 81* $2,%#&1&P*-"2)2:#"X*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*#&0,1,%6'*,%0&1T&1'1P*1#"&/:#)10"/0$" %0."9)+$/+9+0."/0$*#$+10."#$"#.*&";0$.*+*:2/+5$"!"#$"%&"%#!KL

Q I"(U*DCE*[&#"#,V2*&#*(2&1*-#"$2'1*1*81*#&0,1,%6']=*E'&"%#!"(&)&$*+2,&)-& %/018* 1(#',%6'*1* 81$*-#"$2'1$* ,2'*'#,#$%&1&#$*#$-#,%18#$*2,2'*&%$,1-1,%&1&*;*1*Y0%#'#$*$#*#',0#'("#'*-"%:1&2$*2*-"%:1&1$*&#$0* 8%3#"(1&*2* ,1"#N,1'*&#* ,2'&%,%2'#$*3X$%,1$*-1"1* $0* %',2"-2"1T,%6'*;*-#")1'#',%1*#'*#8* $%$(#)1*#&0,1(%:2oU

Q I"(U*DD@*[&#"#,V2*&#*82$*("131R1&2"#$*;*("131R1&2"1$*;*&#*81$*,2)0T'%&1&#$* -1"1* &#$1""2881"* 1$2,%1,%2'#$* &#* ,1"X,(#"* $2,%18* ;-1"(%,%-1(%:2]=* n'&" %#!" )#/0$0/#)-& 81$*#$-#,%>%,%&1&#$*&#*#$(1$*2"T/1'%N1,%2'#$KL

Q I"(U*DB@*[-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*#'*81*-28Z(%,1*'1,%2'18*&#*2"&#'1T,%6'*;*/#$(%6'*(#""%(2"%18]=*<=$&"%#!"0)(-$+/&"1#.&))0%%&)-" 82$*-"%'T,%-%2$* ;* ,"%(#"%2$*-1"1*#$(#*2"&#'1)%#'(2oU

Q I"(U*DAA*[O2'$#R2*H$(1&18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*;*O22"&%'1,%6'*&#*!28Z(%T,1$*!L38%,1$P*#'*#8*,018*(%#'#'*-1"(%,%-1,%6'P*1&#)X$*&#*%'$(%(0,%2T'#$*-L38%,1$P* %&." /07:$+1&1#."0)(&$+,&1&.>" +$/%:!#$10" %&." +$1?2(#$&."10$1#"%&."@:4+#)#]=*nH8*)%$)2*>0',%2'1"X*;*$#*2"/1'%N1"X*&#1,0#"&2*/0$"%0"A:#"1#*#)7+$#"%&"%#!KL

Q I"(U*D@B*[O2'$#R2*<2,18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*!L38%,1P* %'(#/"1&2*-2"*"#T-"#$#'(1'(#$*&#*81*%'$(%(0,%2'18%&1&*&#8*)0'%,%-%2*!"1#"%&."0)(&$+2,&/+0$#."8#/+$&%#."!"0*)&."1#"%&".0/+#1&1"0)(&$+,&1&]=*n1#"/0$60)27+1&1"/0$"%&."1+.90.+/+0$#."A:#"#.*&4%#,/&"%&"%#!KL

Q I"(U*D@F*["#$(%(0,%6'*&#8*-2&#"*18*-0#382]=*n'&"%#!"/)#&)-"7#/&$+.270."&4+#)*0."!"6%#B+4%#.*-1"1*Y0#*82$*#$(1&2$*;*82$*)0'%,%-%2$*&#$T

Ulises Daal

34

,#'("18%,#'*;*("1'$>%#"1'*1*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*;*/"0-2$*:#,%'18#$*2"T/1'%N1&2$* 82$* $#":%,%2$*Y0#*a$(2$* /#$(%2'#'*-"#:%1*&#)2$("1,%6'&#*$0*,1-1,%&1&*-1"1*-"#$(1"82$KL

Q I"(U*D@p* [%'(#/"1,%6'*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2]=*E;* "#-"#T$#'(1'(#$*&#*81*$2,%#&1&*2"/1'%N1&1P&1#"&/:#)10"/0$"%&"%#!oU

Q I"(U*BCp*[238%/1,%6'*&#*$2)#(#"*1*"#>#"#'&2*1-"231(2"%2*82$*-"2;#,T(2$*&#* 8#;#$*&#* %'%,%1(%:1*-2-081"*,01'&2*#8*!1"81)#'(2*'2* "#18%,#$0*&%$,0$%6'*1*)X$* (1"&1"*#'*#8*-#"Z2&2*&#* $#$%2'#$*2"&%'1"%1$* $%T/0%#'(#*18*Y0#*$#*V1;1'*-"#$#'(1&2]=*n1#"/0$60)7+1&1"/0$"%&"%#!oU

Q I"(U*EC?*[&#"#,V2*&#*82$*,1)-#$%'2$*;*,1)-#$%'1$*1*81*-"2-%#&1&*&#81*(%#""1]=*E#$"%0."/&.0."!"60)7&."#.9#/+6+/&10."#$"%&"%#!")#.9#/*+8&KU

O2)2*-0#&#*:#"$#P*'2*#$*$682*,2'*31$#*#'*#8*-"%',%-%2*,8X$%,2*&#8#/18%&1&*^"#81(%:2*1*Y0#* 82$*6"/1'2$*&#8* H$(1&2* $682*-0#&#'*V1,#"* 82Y0#* 8#$* #$(X* #g-"#$1)#'(#*-#")%(%&2^*Y0#* 81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18* V1:#'%&2*&%,(1'&2* 81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P* $%'2*Y0#*^-1"1*/1"1'(%N1"#8*#R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#*81*$23#"1'Z1*-2"*-1"(#*&#8*-0#382^*&#$&#*81*OKM+$#*8#*%)-2'#*1*81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18*81*238%/1,%6'*&#*&%,(1"81$*-1"1*#$(1T38#,#"* %&."/0$1+/+0$#.&;767&@>&@V@8B9A<&V=?89<?7F9@?B<&D@& ><:&F@D9<:&D@;76B989;789U?&O&;6<B75<?9:F<&D@>&;=@C><&@?&@Y@68989<&D@&:=&:<C@67?H7&[I"(U?C]c*;*#'*,2'$#,0#',%1P*&#*'2*V1,#"82*%',0""%"Z1*#'*:%281,%6'*&#*81*O2'$(%T(0,%6'*-2"* %'23$#":1',%1*&#*$0$*)1'&1(2$U

H$(138#,%&1$*#$1$* ,2'&%,%2'#$*;767&@>& @V@8B9A<& V=?89<?7F9@?B<&D@><:&F@D9<:&D@&;76B989;789U?&O&;6<B75<?9:F<&D@>&;=@C><&@?&@Y@68989<&D@&:=:<C@67?H7P* ,2""#$-2'&#*1* 82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*2"/1'%N1"$#*^@?O&7&;76B96&&#*81*,2)0'%&1&^*-1"1*1$0)%"P*#R#",#"*;*#g%/%"*#8*,0)-8%)%#'T(2*&#*#$1$*'2")1(%:1$*;*1:1'N1"*V1,%1*#8*#R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#8*-2&#"c*;*#$#'*#$(#*$#'(%&2P*,2)2*#'*82$*#g-"#$1&2$*#'*82$*-X""1>2$*1'(#"%2"#$P*Y0##'*#8*1"(Z,082*E*&#*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*$#*#$(138#,#=

nH8*!2&#"*!2-081"* $#* >0'&1)#'(1*#'*#8*-"%',%-%2*&#* $23#"1'Z1*;#8* $#'(%&2*&#*-"2/"#$%:%&1&*&#* 82$*&#"#,V2$*,2'(#)-81&2$*#'* 81O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81*K#-L38%,1P*,0;2*#R#",%,%2*;*&#$1""2882*#$(X*&#T(#")%'1&2*-2"* 82$* '%:#8#$* &#* ,2',%#',%1* -28Z(%,1* ;* 2"/1'%N1,%6'&#8* -0#382oUDB

DB**********71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUCDD*Hg("12"&UBDTDBTBCDCU


35

>>E''''9(),%.'"&/.25*)12.'P':.21,+''%&'"&5&2Q.'P'%&'N0()121,

Ulises Daal

36


37

LE'9:<="B':B->=A'"9'"989-RBS'>;:<8D@9;<B

7=8='A='<8=;:>->?;'R=->='9A':B->=A>:@B

<1* ,2',#-,%6'*&#* 81*2"/1'%N1,%6'* R0"Z&%,2T-28Z(%,1*#$(138#,%&1*1* 81J1,%6'*:#'#N281'1*#'* 81*OKM+*#$* 81*&#*%:B7D<&"@F<86JB98<&O& '<897>&D@"@6@8G<&O&D@&]=:B9897P*Y0#*n-"2-0/'1*,2)2*:182"#$*$0-#"%2"#$*&#*$0*2"&#T'1)%#'(2*R0"Z&%,2*;*&#*$0*1,(01,%6'P*81*:%&1P*81*8%3#"(1&P*81*R0$(%,%1P*81*%/018T&1&P* 81* $28%&1"%&1&P* 81*&#)2,"1,%1P* 81* "#$-2'$13%8%&1&*$2,%18*;P*#'*/#'#"18P81*-"##)%'#',%1*&#*82$*&#"#,V2$*V0)1'2$P*81*a(%,1*;*#8*-80"18%$)2*-28Z(%,2o[I"(U*B*OKM+]c* (#'%#'&2*#8*H$(1&2*,2)2*>%'#$*#$#',%18#$=* n81*&#>#'$1*;*#8&#$1""2882*&#*81*-#"$2'1*;*#8*"#$-#(2*1*$0*&%/'%&1&P*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#)2,"X(%T,2*&#*81*:280'(1&*-2-081"P*81*,2'$("0,,%6'*&#*0'1*$2,%#&1&*R0$(1*;*1)1'(#&#*81*-1NP*81*-"2)2,%6'*&#*81*-"2$-#"%&1&*;*3%#'#$(1"*&#8*-0#382*;*81*/1"1'T(Z1*&#8*,0)-8%)%#'(2*&#* 82$*-"%',%-%2$P*&#"#,V2$*;*&#3#"#$* "#,2'2,%&2$*;,2'$1/"1&2$o*#'* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'c*;*#$(138#,%a'&2$#* 81*#&0,1,%6'*;*#8* ("1T31R2*,2)2*n82$*-"2,#$2$*>0'&1)#'(18#$*-1"1*18,1'N1"*&%,V2$*>%'#$o*[I"(U*EOKM+]P*Y0#*1*#g-"#$%6'*&#*81*Hg-2$%,%6'*&#*S2(%:2$*,2'$(%(0,%2'18P* 81*&#T>%'%,%6'*&#*81*K#-L38%,1*,2)2*0'*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;&#*`0$(%,%1*$#*,2""#$-2'&#*n,2'*0'1*&#*81$*-"%',%-18#$*)2(%:1,%2'#$*#g-"#T$1&1$*#'*#8*!"#X)3082P*#$*&#,%"P*#%" 6+$".:9)#70*&#*"#>0'&1"* 81*K#-L38%,1-1"1*#$(138#,#"*0'1*$2,%#&1&*&#)2,"X(%,1oDEL

H8*,2',#-(2*&#*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*[1)-8%1&2*-2"*#8*-0#382:#'#N281'2*#'* 81* >2")081,%6'*&#* $0*b#g(2* j0'&1)#'(18* &#*DGGG* ,2)2%:B7D<&"@F<86JB98<&O&'<897>&D@&"@6@8G<&O&D@&]=:B9897]*$0"/#*,2)2*2-2$%T,%6'*18*H$(1&2*<%3#"18P* 81* >2")1*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'* R0"Z&%,2T-28Z(%,1*Y0#*$0T,#&%6*18*)2'1"Y0%$)2*;*Y0#*-2"*)X$*BCC*1\2$*8#*V1*$#":%&2*1*81*30"/0#$Z1,2)2*$2-2"(#* 8#/18*-1"1*$0*)1Y0%'1"%1*&#*&2)%'1,%6'*;*#g-82(1,%6'=*#8$%$(#)1* ,1-%(18%$(1U

DE*.23"#*#8*bZ(082*9=*!"%',%-%2$*j0'&1)#'(18#$U

Ulises Daal

38

I0'Y0#* 81$*&#)1'&1$*-2"*0'*H$(1&2*Y0#*,0)-8%#"1* 81* >0',%6'*&#("1'$>2")1,%6'* $2,%18* $#*&1'*1*-1"(%"* &#* 81* #:%&#',%1*&#*Y0#*#8* H$(1&2<%3#"18* n-1$6*&#*&#$1,"18%N1"*18*V#,V2* "#8%/%2$2* ("1&%,%2'18*-1"1*-1$1"*1$1,"18%N1"* 1* 81* -"2-%#&1&* ,2)2*L'%,2*&#"#,V2*&%/'2*&#* (18*)#',%6'* ;&%/'%&1&*[s.%#'&2*81*-"2-%#&1&*0'*&#"#,V2*%':%28138#*;*$1/"1&2t]KDFP*$682$#"X*1*-"%',%-%2$*&#8*$%/82*ddP*,2'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*v0#"a(1"2*[Sag%,2PDGD?]* ;* 81* O2'$(%(0,%6'* &#*m#%)1"* [I8#)1'%1P* DGDG]P* Y0#* #'* #8,2'$(%(0,%2'18%$)2*,2)%#'N1*1*1-1"#,#"*#8*#8#)#'(2*:<897>c*;*$#"X*#8* R0T"%$(1*18#)X'*W#")1''*W#88#"*[D@GDTDGEE]*Y0%#'*82*>2")081"X*,2)2*3.*&210"C0/+&%"1#"D#)#/@0*#'*$0*23"1*!%:B7D<&D@&"@6@8G<&<&"98B7D=674*[DGBG]U

H'* 81*,2',#-,%6'*&#*W#")1''*W#88#"P*#8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2-"2,0"1*18,1'N1"*0'*2"&#'* R0$(2*1* ("1:a$*&#* n81* $032"&%'1,%6'*&#8* "a/%T)#'*8132"18*18*&#"#,V2P*81*%'(#":#',%6'*,2#",%(%:1*&#8*H$(1&2*#'*#8*-"2,#T$2*-"2&0,(%:2*;*81*("1$-2$%,%6'*&#*81*1,(%:%&1&*#,2'6)%,1*&#8*X)3%(2*-"%T:1&2*18*,1)-2*&#*%'(#"a$*-L38%,2oDpP*Y0#*/1"1'(%,#*#8*&#"#,V2*18*("131R2;*0'1*#g%$(#',%1*&%/'1P* n-2"Y0#*$682*,2'*#8* "#,2'2,%)%#'(2*&#*0'*'%:#8&#* :%&1*&%/'2* /1"1'(%N1&2*#8* %'&%:%&02*-0#&#*#$(1"* #'* ,2'&%,%2'#$*&##R#",#"*$0*8%3#"(1&*;*#$(1"*%/018)#'(#*#'*,2'&%,%2'#$*"#18#$*-1"1*-1"(%,%T-1"*1,(%:1)#'(#*#'* 81* ,2'$("0,,%6'*&%'X)%,1*&#8*-"2;#,(2*&#* $2,%#&1&&#)2,"X(%,1oDAU

I8* H$(1&2* .2,%18* &#* 5#"#,V2* $#* 8#* 2(2"/1* ,2'&%,%6'* &#;6<A9:9<?7>9D7D=&n("X'$%(2*#'("#*#8*5#"#,V2*8%3#"18*;*#8*5#"#,V2*&#)2,"XT(%,2T$2,%18%$(1oP*-2"Y0#*n81$* %&#1$*$2,%18#$*Y0#* %'$-%"1'*18*5#"#,V2*$2,%18

DF* * !I<IO9e.* KeSHeP* jKIJO9.Oe=* ^=9@C67& D@>& %:B7D<& *9C@67>S+>@7B<69<T8<?:B9B=89<?7>9Z789U?&F7B@697>&D@>&%:B7D<&'<897>&O&7;@6B=67&D@&=?&?=@A<&:9:B@SF7&8<F=?9B769<U*H'=*%:B=D9<:&:<C6@&>7&,<?:B9B=89U?&D@&>7&3@;QC>987&1<>9A7697?7D@&2@?@Z=@>7U* d* I'%:#"$1"%2U* H&%(1&2* -2"* 81* !"2,0"1&0"Z1*7#'#"18* &#* 81K#-L38%,1U*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU*-U*@?U*u<1*>"1$#*#'("#*-1"a'(#$%$*,2""#$-2'&#*181"(Z,082*D?*&#*81*5#,81"1,%6'*h'%:#"$18*&#*82$*5#"#,V2$*&#8*W2)3"#*;*&#8O%0&1&1'2P* j"1',%1P* D?@Gw

Dp* & & &%>&%:B7D<&'<897>&D@&"@6@8G<W&V((-=rr3%38%2UR0"%&%,1$U0'1)U)gr8%3"2$rBrGGFr?U-&>

DA*****SeJHKHe*!zKHiP*`e.z*<h9.=**7&D@V@?:7&D@>&%:B7D<&'<897>&D@&"@6@8G<L&*7&B@<6H7;<>HB987&D@&N@6F7??&N@>>@6U*H&%,%2'#$*&#*9'(#":#',%6'*O08(0"18rH8*+%#R2*b2-2PH$-1\1*BCCGU*-U*EEU


39

#)#"/#'(#*'2*$2'*(2&1:Z1*$2,%18%$(1$P*-#"2*13"#'*#8*,1)%'2*86/%,2*;*)X$,2V#"#'(#*V1,%1* $0*&#"%:1,%6'*-"2-%1)#'(#* $2,%18%$(1o* u;6<:<897>9:B7wD?P,2'$(%(0;#'&2*1$Z* n0'*-"%)#"*-1$2*V1,%1* 81* %)-81'(1,%6'*&#*:$"3.*&101#70/)-*+/0" .0/+&%+.*&oD@P*)#&%1'(#*n#8*&#$1""2882*-"2/"#$%:2*&#8*H$(1&2<%3#"18*#'*H$(1&2*.2,%18*;*&#*81*&#)2,"1,%1*30"/0#$1*#'*1#70/)&/+&".02/+&%+.*&KDGc* ;*-1"1* 82*,018* $#*1$0)#* %'&%$-#'$138#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1T&1'1P*1* >%'*&#*/1"1'(%N1"* 81*1)-8%1,%6'*;* ,0)-8%)%#'(2*&#* 82$*&#"#,V2$$2,%18#$*;*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#*0'*#>#,(%:2*,2'("28*$2,%18*$23"#*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$&#8* H$(1&2U

LEHE':B->=A>:@BS'78BID;">T=->?;'"9'A='"9@B-8=->=

O13#*$#\181"*Y0#*W#88#"*$#*#'>"#'(6*#'*$0*a-2,1P* (1'(2*1* 82$*Y0#&#>#'&Z1'*#8*)1'(#'%)%#'(2*$%'*)2&%>%,1,%2'#$*&#8*H$(1&2*<%3#"18*,2)21*Y0%#'#$*-"2-2'Z1'*81*80,V1*1")1&1*,2)2*L'%,1*:Z1*-1"1*$0-#"1"82P*)1T'%>#$(X'&2$#*#'*,2'("1*&#* (2&1* (#$%$*Y0#*-"2-0/'1$#* 81* (2(18*&#$1-1"%T,%6'*&#8*H$(1&2*&#*5#"#,V2P*-2"Y0#* $0* %'(#',%6'*#"1* 81*&#* "#2"%#'(1"82V1,%1*0'*H$(1&2*&#*5#"#,V2*F7B@697>* 2*:<897>P* ,2)2*n>2")1*&#*H$(1&2,2)-"2)#(%&1*,2'* 81*#>#,(%:%&1&*&#* 82$*&#"#,V2$* >0'&1)#'(18#$*&#* 82$%'&%:%&02$P*;*1*-1"(%"*&#*1VZ* 81* "#18%N1,%6'*&#*"#>2")1$*$2,%18#$*#'* 81*&%T"#,,%6'*L8(%)1*&#*%'$(10"1"*0'*H$(1&2*&#)2,"X(%,2T$2,%18%$(1oU*!2"*(1'(2PW#88#"*'2*#',0#'("1* ,2'("1&%,,%6'*#'("#*&#)2,"1,%1* ;* $2,%18%$)2P*-2"TY0#*#8*$2,%18%$)2&n$0-2'#*0'1*-"2>0'&%N1,%6'*&#*81*&#)2,"1,%1P*V1,%a'T&281*)X$* %'(#'$1P*)1(#"%18%NX'&281oP*-0#$* $#* ("1(1*&#*Y0#*n81$*2-,%2'#$-28Z(%,1$*&#*("1'$>2")1,%6'*$2,%18*$#*("1'$>2")#'*#'*5#"#,V2*&#8*H$(1&2&#)2,"X(%,2oU* .2$(#'%#'&2P*#'*&#>#'$1*&#* 81*#g%$(#',%1*&#8* H$(1&2P*Y0#$%'*a$(#*n'2*#$*-2$%38#*1:1'N1"*V1,%1*81*("1'$>2")1,%6'*$2,%18oBCP*;*Y0#*#8H$(1&2*&#3#*,2',#3%"$#* ,2)2*n0'* %'$("0)#'(2*#$#',%18*&#8*-"2,#$2*&#

D?*****93Z&#)U*-U*A@UD@*****93Z&#)U*-U*?BUDG****&N@6F7??&N@>>@6&O&@>&%:B7D<&8<?B@F;<6J?@<W&D<:&8<?V@6@?897:&D@&,G69:B<;G

._>>@6=*V((-=rrxxxU)1",VU#$rK#,0"$2$4m#3rO08(0"18#$r52,0)#'(2$r,2'>#T"#',%1$rK#$0)#'#$M9jrFBAU-&>

BC******SeJHKHe*!zKHiP*̀ e.z*<h9.U*#;L&,9BL*--U*DBTDEU

Ulises Daal

40

("1'$>2")1,%6'*&#*81*$2,%#&1&*)2&#"'1oP*$%'*#8*,018*"#$08(1"Z1*n13$280(1T)#'(#* %',2',#3%38#*#,2'2)Z1* $2,%18* 18/0'1P*)0,V2*)#'2$*0'1*#,2'2T)Z1* $2,%18%$(1oUBD

SX$*188X*&#*81*&%$-2$%,%6'*&#8*1"(Z,082*BP*#'*#8*&#$1""2882*"#&1,,%2'18&#*81*OKM+*$2'*-#",#-(%38#$*#8#)#'(2$*&#*81*,2',#-,%6'*&#*W#88#"*$23"##8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*,2)2*>7&AH7&;767&>7&B67?:989U?&;78HV987&G7897&@>6P59F@?&D@>&:<897>9:F<&D@F<86JB98<L&I$Z*(#'#)2$=

Q W#88#"*-81'(#1*Y0#*#8*-1-#8*&#8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2* $#*31$1#'*#8* n,2)-"2)%$2*-28Z(%,2T$2,%18o*-1"1* /1"1'(%N1"* n81* ,%0&1&1'Z1$2,%18* ,2'*31$#*#'* 81* (0(#81*&#* 82$* s$0R#(2$*&a3%8#$t* ;* $#*2"%#'(1#g-1'$%:1)#'(#*V1,%1*81*$0-#"1,%6'*&#*81$*$%(01,%2'#$*&#*&#$%/018T&1&oBBP*)%#'("1$*81*OKM+*#$(138#,#*#'*$0*I"(U*BDP*Y0#*$#*/1"1'(%N1T"X'*81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*R0"Z&%,1$*;*1&)%'%$("1(%:1$*-1"1*Y0#*81*%/018&1&1'(#*81*8#;*$#1*"#18*;*#>#,(%:1P*-1"1*82*,018*$#*1&2-(1"X'*n)#&%&1$-2$%(%:1$*1*>1:2"*&#*-#"$2'1$*2*/"0-2$*Y0#*-0#&1'*$#"*&%$,"%)%'1T&2$P*)1"/%'1&2$*2* :08'#"138#$oP* -"2(#/%a'&2$#* n#$-#,%18)#'(#*11Y0#881$*-#"$2'1$*Y0#*-2"*18/0'1*&#*81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*1'(#$*#$-#,%T>%,1&1$P* $#*#',0#'("#'*#'* ,%",0'$(1',%1*&#*&#3%8%&1&*)1'%>%#$(1oU

Q .23"#* n82$*1'(1/2'%$)2$*#$("0,(0"18#$* ;* ,2;0'(0"18#$*-"2-%2$*&#0'1* $2,%#&1&*-80"18%$(1oP*W#88#"* $2$(%#'#* Y0#*V1'*&#* 1>"2'(1"$#n$23"#*#8*>0'&1)#'(2*&#*0'*,2)L'*$#'(%&2*&#8*'2$2("2$*,2)-1"T(%&2*[9D@7&D@&8<F=?9D7D]*&#$&#*81*&%:#"$%&1&*;*'2*&#$&#*81*0'%>2"T)%&1&*(2(18%(1"%1*2*10(2"%(1"%1oBEP*Y0#*/01"&1*#$("#,V1*"#81,%6'*,2'n<1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#8*-0#382*#'* 81* >2")1,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*;* ,2'("28&#* 81* /#$(%6'* -L38%,1* #$* #8* )#&%2* '#,#$1"%2* -1"1* 82/"1"* #8-"2(1/2'%$)2*Y0#*/1"1'(%,#* $0* ,2)-8#(2*&#$1""2882P* (1'(2* %'&%:%T&018*,2)2*,28#,(%:2o*[I"(U*AB*OKM+]U

Q .2$(%#'#*Y0#&n81*$0)%$%6'*&#*81*#,2'2)Z1*1*81$*8#;#$*31R2*#8*H$(1&2&#*5#"#,V2*'2*#$*2("1*,2$1*Y0#*#8*$2)#(%)%#'(2*&#* 82$*)#&%2$*1

BD*******WH<<HKP*WHKSIJJ=*'<897>9:F<&O&$789U?U*O%(1&2*-2"*S2'#"#2*!a"#NP*̀ 2$a*<0%$*#'=*7&D@V@?:7&D@>&%:B7D<&'<897>&D@&"@6@8G<L&*7&B@<6H7&;<>HB987&D@&N@6F7??&N@>>@6LH&%,%2'#$*H8*+%#R2*b2-2U*H$-1\1P*BCCGU*-U*BGU

BB*****SeJHKHe*!zKHiP*̀ e.z*<h9.U*{-U*O%(U*-U*B?UBE*****93Z&#)U*-U*ECU


41

82$*>%'#$*&#*81*:%&1oBFP*82*Y0#*$#*#)-1"#'(1*,2'*nH8*H$(1&2*-"2)2T:#"X*81*%'%,%1(%:1*-"%:1&1P*/1"1'(%N1'&2*81*,"#1,%6'*;*Y=:B7&D9:B69C=S89U?&D@&>7&69I=@Z7o*[I"(U*DDB*OKM+]c*;*,2'&EH8*"a/%)#'*$2,%2#,2'6)%,2&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81* $#* >0'&1)#'(1* #'* 82$-"%',%-%2$*&#*R0$(%,%1*$2,%18*uyw*1*82$*>%'#$*&#*1$#/0"1"*#8*&#$1""2882V0)1'2*%'(#/"18*;*0'1*#g%$(#',%1*&%/'1*;*-"2:#,V2$1*;767&>7&8<>@8SB9A9D7Do*[I"(U*BGG*OKM+]U

Q .0*1-"#,%1,%6'*&#8*H$(1&2*,2)2*81*0'%&1&*&#*82$*1,(2$*Y0#*,2'$(%T(0;#'*81* %'$(1',%1*&#,%$2"%1*(#""%(2"%18P*&2'&#*81*n&#)2,"1,%1*&#3#$#"*>2")1,%6'*,2'$,%#'(#*&#*81*0'%&1&*&#*131R2*1""%31oP*-1"1*82*,018#8*-0#382*n,2)2*-80"18%&1&*&#3#*,2'$(%(0%"$#P*1*$Z*)%$)2*;*&#*)1T'#"1* ,2'$,%#'(#P*#'*-0#382* ,2)2*0'%&1&oBpP* /01"&1* $%)%8%(0&* ,2'#8*)2&#82*>#&#"18*&#$,#'("18%N1&2*[I"(U*F*OKM+]P*-"%',%-18)#'(#*1,6)2*a$(#*#$*&#>%'%&2*#'*81*Hg-2$%,%6'*&#*S2(%:2$*,2'$(%(0,%2'18=n#'*#8*Y0#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*;*10(2"%&1&#$*&#* 82$*&%$(%'(2$*'%:#8#$-28Z(%,2T(#""%(2"%18#$*-1"(%,%-1'*#'*81*>2")1,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-LT38%,1$*,2)0'#$*1* 81*J1,%6'oUO%#"(2* #$*Y0#*Y0%#'#$* 1* %'%,%2$*&#8* $%/82*dd*&#>#'&%#"2'* 81* (#$%$

&#8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*,2)2*AH7*;78HV987&O&D@F<86JB987&-1"1*18T,1'N1"* 81* $2,%#&1&* $2,%18%$(1P* 80#/2* ("1%,%2'1"2'* $0$* -"%',%-%2$* -2"* '2V13#"*(#'%&2* >7&V=@6Z7&;767&<;<?@6:@&7&>7&>U5987&D@>&87;9B7>9:F<P*(#"/%T:#"$1'&2* 81* ,2',#-,%6'*2"%/%'1"%1*&#8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#$T:%X'&281*V1,%1*0'1*>6")081*&#*n,1-%(18%$)2*$2,%18P*&#*"1Z,#$*$28%&1"%$(1$oPY0#*#'(#'&%6* 81*"#>2")1*$2,%18*,2)2*0'*n)#&%2*-1"1*#:%(1"* 81*"0-(0"1,2'*#8*2"&#'*,1-%(18%$(1oBAP*88#/1'&2*%',80$2*1*R0$(%>%,1"*;*1$0)%"*81*&2,T("%'1*Y0#*&#$&#* >%'18#$*&#* 82$*1\2$* $#$#'(1* n)#R2"* "#$-2'&#*1* 81$* ,1T"#',%1$* &#8* ,1-%(18%$)2*&#,1&#'(#=* 81* '#28%3#"18oB?U* !2"Y0#* 81* ,2',#-T,%6'*&#*W#88#"* $23"#* #8* H$(1&2* .2,%18* &#*5#"#,V2P* 18* Y0#* $#* "#>#"Z1* 81

BF******93Z&#)U*-U*EBUBp******93Z&#)U*-U*FEUBA*******WHKKHKIP*OIK<e.*S97hH<=*"@6@8G<&O&:<897>9:F<&@?&@>&;@?:7F9@?B<&Y=6HD98<L*h'%:#"T

$%&1&*Hg(#"'1&2*&#*O282)3%1U*M2/2(XP*BCCBU*-U*BC@UB?******KH7I<I5eP*KeMHKbe=*"@&.76XT&%?5@>:&O&*@?9?&7&,GJA@ZT&%A<&O&,<66@7L&3@V<6F7&O

6@A<>=89U?&@?B6@&9F759?769<&O&6@7>9D7DL*H'=*+FP6987&*7B9?7&N<O&!6@V<6F7&<&6@A<S>=89U?4*e,#1'*.0"U*v0#"a(1"2*[Sag%,2]P*BCCGU*-U*D?U

Ulises Daal

42

)X$*&#*81*:#,#$*,2)2*3.*&10"C0/+&%+.*&"1#"D#)#/@0P*$#*-"2;#,(1*#'*#gT(#'&#"* n18*2"&#'*&#8* ("131R2* ;*&#* 81$*)#",1',Z1$*&#* 81* %&#1*&#8* H$(1&2)1(#"%18*&#*&#"#,V2oP*Y0#* %)-8%,131*^,2)2*;1* $#* $#\186=*@>&D@:766<>><;6<56@:9A<&D@>&%:B7D<&*9C@67>&@?&%:B7D<&'<897>&O&D@&>7&D@F<867897&C=65=@S:7&@?&D@F<867897& :<897>9:B7c* ,2'$%&#"1'&2*#'*#$#* $#'(%&2P*Y0#*#8* $2,%1T8%$)2* &#3Z1* ,2'>%/0"1"$#* -2"* )#&%2* &#* 0'* H$(1&2* 10(2"%(1"%2u9?B@6A@?89<?9:B7w* -#"2*'2* (2(18%(1"%2P* n,0;1*1,(%:%&1&*'2* ,2'2,#* 8Z)%(#$R0"Z&%,2$P*'%* "#,2'2,#* 82$*&#"#,V2$* >0'&1)#'(18#$oB@U

W1$(1*Y0#* $#*-"2&0,#* 81*K#:280,%6'*K0$1* [DGD?]P* 81$*&%>#"#',%1$#'("#* 81$* ,2""%#'(#$*&#8*)1"g%$)2*&#'2)%'1&1$*:<897>9:F<& 6@A<>=89<?7S69<&;*:<897>9:F<&6@V<6F9:B7&#"1'*-"%',%-18)#'(#*#'*,01'(2*18*)a(2&2*[AH7D@F<86JB987* 2* >=8G7&76F7D7]*-1"1*18,1'N1"*#8*23R#(%:2* >0'&1)#'(18=& >7:<89@D7D& :<897>9:B7c* 1'(#* 82* ,018* n#8* $2,%18%$)2* "#>2")%$(1*-81'(#131*0',1)%'2*V1,%1* #8* $2,%18%$)2P*'2*0'1* /#$(%6'*&#8* ,1-%(18%$)2oP* 82*Y0#* $#-"2-2'Z1*)#&%1'(#*0'* %(%'#"1"%2*Y0#*,%#"(1)#'(#*#"1*-2$%38#P*-#"2*Y0#n18*>%'18*'2*(0:2*81*>0#"N1*-1"1*2-2'#"$#*1*81*86/%,1*&#8*,1-%(18%$)2oBGU*J223$(1'(#*81*("1%,%6'*&#*82$*$2,%18&#)6,"1(1$*#0"2-#2$*18*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#5#"#,V2P*#882*'2*&#$)#"%(1*#'*$0*,2',#-,%6'*2"%/%'1"%1*1*#$(#*)2&#82*&#H$(1&2*,2)2* %'$("0)#'(2*&#* ("1'$>2")1,%6'* $2,%18* [D@:D@&D@?B6<&D@& >7:<89@D7D&87;9B7>9:B7P* (18*#$*#8*,1$2*:#'#N281'2]*-1"1*1:1'N1"*#'* 81*,2'$T("0,,%6'*&#*0'*)2&#82*18(#"'1(%:2*18* ,1-%(18%$)2c*&#* 81*)%$)1*)1'#"1Y0#*'2*-0#&#*&#$,18%>%,1"$#* 81* (#2"Z1*)1"g%$(1*#'* "1N6'*&#* 82$*'#>1$(2$"#$08(1&2$*&#* 81$*#g-#"%#',%1$*&#8* 881)1&2*$2,%18%$)2* "#18P* "#$-2'$13%8%T&1&*&#*Y0%#'#$*81$*88#:1"2'*1*,132*;*'2*&#*81*>2")081,%6'*&#*#$1*,2',#-T,%6'* #,2'6)%,1T>%82$6>%,1U

LELE':D798=->?;'"9A'@B"9AB'"9'9:<="B':B->=A'9D8B79B<1* >2")081,%6'*&#8* H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;* .2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#

`0$(%,%1* 18,1'N1&2*#'* 81*OKM+* ,2'$(%(0;#* 81* $0-#"1,%6'*&#8*)2&#82*&#H$(1&2*.2,%18* Y0#* >0#"1* ,2',#3%&2*#'*H0"2-1P*-2"Y0#*1&1-(1*#$#* ,2'T,#-(2*&#*H$(1&2*18* (%#)-2*V%$(6"%,2* ;* #'*-#"$-#,(%:1*&#* $0*&#$1""2882

B@*******WHKKHKIP*OIK<e.*S97hH<U*{-U*O%(U*-U*DGBUBG*******KeOI*̀ h.SHbP*<h9.=*K#$#\1*&#*E*7&869:9:&D@&>7&:<897>D@F<867897&@=6<;@7L&%D=76D

1@6?:B@9?&O&>7:&;6@F9:7:&D@>&:<897>9:F<&6@V<6F9:B7K&&#*̀ 2$a*<0%$*S2'#"#2=*V((-=rrxxxU"#3#8%2'U2"/r'2(%,%1U-V-l%&|DpC@DCU


43

V1,%1*0'*-"2,#$2*&#*("1'$>2")1,%6'*$2,%18*-1"1*n81*,2'$("0,,%6'*&#*0'1$2,%#&1&*&#*R0$(%,%1*;*1)1'(#*&#*81*-1NP*81*-"2)2,%6'*&#*81*-"2$-#"%&1&*;3%#'#$(1"*&#8*-0#382oEC* ;P*-"%',%-18)#'(#P*-2"Y0#* %'$(%(0;#* 81$* /1"1'(Z1$-1"1*Y0#* 82$* &#"#,V2$* #'* #881* #$(138#,%&2$*-0#&1'*#>#,(%:1)#'(#* $#"#R#",%&2$*-2"* $0$* (%(081"#$U

O2'&%,%6'*/1"1'(%$(1*Y0#*,2':%#"(#*1* 81*OKM+*#'* 81*-"%)#"1*O1"(1S1/'1*#'*#8*)0'&2*Y0#*18,1'N1*81*#>#,(%:1*8<?:B9B=89<?7>9Z789U?*&#8*H$T(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2P*-0#$(2*Y0#*n<1$*,2'$(%(0,%2'#$*#0"2-#1$*2*1)#T"%,1'1$*&#*-2$/0#""1*'2*,2'$28%&1"2'*&#"#,V2$*$2,%18#$*$%'2*Y0#*1-#'1$&#R1"2'*1-0'(1&1* $0*-"#$#',%1* ;* $0* :18%&#N* ,2)2* %'$-%"1,%6'* ;*)1",2V%-2(a(%,1)#'(#* 1-"#V#'&%38#oEDc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g-"#$1T)#'(#*#'*81*O1"(1*S1/'1P*,2)2*Y0#*81*>18(1*&#*8#;*"#/81)#'(1"%1*$23"##$(2$*&#"#,V2$*#'*'1&1*)#'2$,131*$0*#R#",%,%2*[I"(U*BB]U

H$*)X$P* 18* %'$(%(0%"$#* #'* 81* OKM+* &#*)1'#"1* ,81"1* ;* #g%/%38#* #8-"2(1/2'%$)2* -2-081"* #'* (2&2$* 82$* X)3%(2$* &#8* &#$#':28:%)%#'(2* ;&#$1""2882*$2,%18*#*%'$(%(0,%2'18P*1&#)X$*&#*1$#/0"1"$#*,2'*#882*#8*#R#"T,%,%2* &#* 82$* &#"#,V2$* #$(138#,%&2$P* (1)3%a'* $#* /1"1'(%N1* #8* &#$1""2882&#8*:@?B9D<&D@&;6<56@:9A9D7D&&#*#$2$*&#"#,V2$P*#'*,2""#$-2'&#',%1*,2'$0*1"(Z,082*DG=

nH8* H$(1&2*/1"1'(%N1"X* 1* (2&1*-#"$2'1P* ,2'>2")#*18* -"%',%-%2*&#-"2/"#$%:%&1&*;* $%'*&%$,"%)%'1,%6'*18/0'1P*#8* /2,#*;*#R#",%,%2* %""#T'0',%138#P* %'&%:%$%38#*#* %'(#"&#-#'&%#'(#*&#* 82$*&#"#,V2$*V0)1T'2$U* .0* "#$-#(2* ;* /1"1'(Z1* $2'*238%/1(2"%2$*-1"1* 82$*6"/1'2$*&#8!2&#"*!L38%,2P*&#*,2'>2")%&1&*,2'*#$(1*O2'$(%(0,%6'P*,2'*82$*("1T(1&2$*$23"#*&#"#,V2$*V0)1'2$*$0$,"%(2$*;*"1(%>%,1&2$*-2"*81*K#-LT38%,1*;*,2'* 81$* 8#;#$*Y0#* 82$*&#$1""288#'Uo

EC*******I"(U*E*OKM+UED******!I<IO9e.*KeSHeP*jKIJO9.OeU*{-U*O%(U*-U*GEU

Ulises Daal

44

LEUE'!89IB8@='B'89VBAD->?;6

E'9?&A789>789U?W&`'HaKP&"#$-2'&Z1*#8*O2)1'&1'(#*j%&#8*O1$("2*1*Y0%#T'#$*8#*-"#/0'(131'*&0"1'(#*$0*:%$%(1*1*OV%8#*#'*DG?D*^&2'&#*#$(131*#')1",V1*#8* /23%#"'2* $2,%18%$(1*&#*.18:1&2"*I88#'&#P* 88#/1&2*18*-2&#"*0'1\2*1'(#$*-2"*81*:Z1*#8#,(2"18^*$23"#*$%*#'*#$#*-1Z$*(#'Z1*80/1"*0'*:#"&1T&#"2*-"2,#$2* "#:280,%2'1"%2U* _*1\1&Z1*1* $0* "#$-0#$(1P*Y0#* 81$*-"%)#"1$)#&%&1$* (2)1&1$*-2"*#8* /23%#"'2*&#* 81*h'%&1&*!2-081"P* 81$* ,018#$* n/28T-#1"2'* >0#"(#)#'(#* 1*-2&#"2$2$* %'(#"#$#$* ,1-%(18%$(1$oP* 18* V13#"$#* 82T/"1&2*,2'*#881$* 81* "#,0-#"1,%6'*&#* 81$* "%Y0#N1$* >0'&1)#'(18#$*&#8*-1Z$P#8* 1:1',#*#'* 81$* X"#1$* $2,%18#$* ;* 81* 1-8%,1,%6'*&#*0'1* "#>2")1*1/"1"%1P&#)2$("131*n81*/"1'*:#"&1&*V%$(6"%,1*&#*Y0#*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*,1)3%2$*/#T'#"1*0'1*&%'X)%,1*&#*80,V1oP*;*Y0#*#$1$*)#&%&1$*&#8*/23%#"'2*&#*I88#'T&#*,2'$(%(0Z1'*#8* %'%,%2*&#*0'*-"2,#$2P*-2"Y0#*V13Z1'*n&#$1(1&2*81*&%'XT)%,1*$2,%18P*81*80,V1*&#*,81$#$*uyw*81*%"1*;*81*"#$%$(#',%1*^,2)2*#'*(2&2$82$*-"2,#$2$*&#* ,1)3%2^*&#* 82$*#g-82(1&2"#$P*&#* 82$* "#1,,%2'1"%2$UoEB

.23"#* 81*#g-#"%#',%1*"#:280,%2'1"%1*:#'#N281'1P*Y0#*$#* >0'&1*#'*#8H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;* .2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#* `0$(%,%1*#$(138#,%&2*#'* 81OKM+P*#'*$0* %'(#"-"#(1,%6'*,2)2*D@:766<>><&;6<56@:9A<&D@>&%:B7D<&*9C@67>@?&%:B7D<&'<897>& O&D@& >7&D@F<867897&C=65=@:7&@?&D@F<867897& :<897>9:B7P-0#&#*&#,%"$#P*#'*,2'("1"%2*1* 81*1-"#,%1,%6'*&#*S1"%X(#/0%*$23"#*#8*&#$1T""2882*&#8* $2,%18%$)2*#'* 9(18%1* 1*-"%',%-%2$*&#8* $%/82*dd* [nH8*)a(2&2*&#8$2,%18%$)2* %(18%1'2*V13Z1*$%&2P*V1$(1*#'(2',#$* ubcbcwP* (#6"%,1)#'(#* "#:2T80,%2'1"%2c* -#"2* -"X,(%,1)#'(#* "#>2")%$(1oEE]P* Y0#* 81* K#:280,%6'M28%:1"%1'1*^"#,2'2,%#'&2*Y0#*$0*80,V1*$#*"#18%N1*&#'("2*;*1*-1"(%"*&#*81%'$(%(0,%2'18%&1&*30"/0#$1^*&#$1""2881*0'*#R#",%,%2*10(a'(%,1)#'(#* "#T:280,%2'1"%2*&#8*/23%#"'2P*#:%&#'(#*&#$&#* 81*-"2)08/1,%6'*&#* 82$*&#,"#T(2$T8#;#$*&#8*1\2*BCCDP*,0;1$*>%'18%&1&#$*[-"%',%-18)#'(#*&#*81*<#;*e"/X'%T,1*&#*W%&"2,1"30"2$=*9?86@F@?B<&D@>&bd&7>&efd&D@>&;75<&D@&>7:&@F;6@:7:&;<68<?8@;B<&D@&6@57>H7:&O&V9Y789U?&@?&gbd&>7&;76B989;789U?&FH?9F7&D@>&%:B7D<&@?>7:&@F;6@:7:&F9XB7:c*<#;*&#*b%#""1$*;*5#$1""2882*I/"1"%2=*6@8=;@6789U?&D@>7:& B9@667:&D@>&%:B7D<&@?&F7?<:&D@& >7B9V=?D9:B7:&O& :=&D@F<867B9Z789U?&@?

EB*****OI.bKeP*j95H<U*{-U*O%(U*--U*?T@UEE*******SIK9fbH7h9P*̀ e.z*OIK<e.=**7&;<>HB987&:<897>9:B7&@?&0B7>97W*V((-=rxxxU-1("%1"2R21U2"/U-#r

&2,$1&%,(r23"1$)1"%1(#/0%r<1r#$,#'1r,2'(#)-2"1'#1r-1/%'1$r81r-28%(%,1r$2,%18%$(1UV()


45

C@?@V989<&D@&><:&87F;@:9?<:&I=@&>7&B67C7Y7?c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dd9U*h'*$2,%18%$)2*n:#"&1&#"1)#'(#*'0#:2oP* $%#'&2*n0'1*&#* 81$*,2T$1$*#$#',%18)#'(#*'0#:1$*uyw*$0*,1"X,(#"*&#)2,"X(%,2oc*;*-2"*("1(1"$#*-"#T,%$1)#'(#*&#*n0'1*V#/#)2'Z1*&#)2,"X(%,1oP*238%/1*-1"1*$0*,2'$("0,,%6'n'2*1*%)-2'#"P*$%'2*,2':#',#"oEFP*-2"Y0#*n81*:Z1*:#'#N281'1*V1,%1*#8*$2,%1T8%$)2*#$*&#)2,"X(%,1*;*-1,Z>%,1P*;*a$(#*0'*"1$/2*Y0#*81*&%$(%'/0#oP*18*31$1"$#n#'*#8*"#$-#(2*1*81*-80"18%&1&*,2'$(%(0(%:1*&#*'0#$("1*$2,%#&1&P*18*H$(1&2*&#5#"#,V2P*1* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'oUEp

!#"2*)0,V2*1'(#$*&#8*BCCD*81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1*$#*V13Z1*-81'T(#1&2* 81* "#18%N1,%6'*&#*0'1*10(a'(%,1* ("1'$>2")1,%6'*&#* 81*$2,%#&1&*:#T'#N281'1P*;*1$Z*82*#g-2'#*#8*O2)1'&1'(#*OVX:#N*#'*81*+5@?D7&+>B@6?7B9SA7&1<>9A7697?7*[DGGA]=*>"#'(#*1*81*,"%$%$*&#*8#/%(%)%&1&*;*>0',%2'18%&1&*&#8)2&#82* -0'(2>%R%$(1EAP* 1'(#$* Y0#* n81* $%)-8%$(1* ;* '#28%3#"18*)#&%&1*&#

EF*******OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*R<>;@&D@&B9FU?L&0&,<?:@Y<&D@&.9?9:B6<:&D@>&?=@A<&898><&D@&>73@A<>=89U?&1<>9A7697?7U*O2""#2*&#8*e"%'2,2TO28#,,%6'*O81:#$U*O1"1,1$P*BCDBU-U*D?U

Ep****OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*hffiT&7j<&D@&>7&3@A9:9U?T&3@8B9V98789U?&O&3@9F;=>:<&D@&>73@A<>=89U?&1<>9A7697?7L*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*-1"1*81*O2)0'%,1,%6';* 81* 9'>2")1,%6'U*O1"1,1$P*BCC@U*--U*EATE?U

EA* * * !0'(2>%R%$)2=* H(1-1*&#* 81*V%$(2"%1*-28Z(%,1*&#*+#'#N0#81* [DGpGTDGG@]*Y0#"#-"#$#'(1*#8*>%'18*&#*81*9+*K#-L38%,1P*,0;1*&#'2)%'1,%6'*(%#'#*$0*2"%/#'*#'#8*!1,(2*&#*!0'(2*j%R2=*I,0#"&2* %)-0#$(2*-2"*#8* /23%#"'2*&#* 82$*H$(1&2$h'%&2$*1*I,,%6'*5#)2,"X(%,1P*Oe!H9*;*hK5P* >%")1&2*-2"*#$(2$*-1"(%&2$*#8EDUDCUDGp@*;*)#&%1'(#*#8* ,018* $#*&#$:%6*#8* $#'(%&2*&#* 81* "#3#8%6'* ,Z:%,2T)%8%(1"*Y0#*&#""2,6*#8*BE*&#*#'#"2*&#*#$#*1\2*81*&%,(1&0"1*&#*S1",2$*!a"#N`%)a'#NP*$2)#(%a'&2$#*18*-0#382*:#'#N281'2*1*-1"(%"*&#*#'(2',#$*1*0'*"a/%)#'3%-1"(%&%$(1*1&#,2T,2-#;1'2P* ,1"1,(#"%N1&2*-2"* 81* ,2""0-,%6'P* 81*#g,80$%6'P81*"#-"#$%6'P*81*%'10/0"1,%6'*#'*<1(%'21)a"%,1*&#*81*-"X,(%,1*&#*81$*&#$1-1"%T,%2'#$*&#*-#"$2'1$*-2"*"1N2'#$*-28Z(%,1$P*81*#'("#/1*&#*81$*"%Y0#N1$*&#8*-1Z$*181$* ("1'$'1,%2'18#$*;*&#* 81*$23#"1'Z1*&#8*-1Z$*18* %)-#"%2*'2"(#1)#"%,1'2U

Ulises Daal

46

6@D=896&@>&B7F7j<&D@>&%:B7D<P*n$#*%)-2'#*81*(2(18*"##$("0,(0"1,%6'*;*("1'$T>2")1,%6'*&#8*1-1"1(2*&#*V2;P*#'*0'*H$(1&2*"#18)#'(#*&#)2,"X(%,2P*-2T-081"*;*,2'*0'1*/"1'*,1-1,%&1&*-1"1*,2'&0,%"P* R0'(2*1* 81* $2,%#&1&*&#* 81,018*&#3#* $#"*#g-"#$%6'P*#8*'0#:2*&#$(%'2*&#* 81*J1,%6'oUE?

!2"Y0#*&#$-0a$*&#*81*"#3#8%6'*)%8%(1"*&#*DGGBP*81*-"%$%6'*&#*_1"#*;&#8*-"2,#$2*&#* "#>8#g%6'*&#8*O2)1'&1'(#*OVX:#N*#'("#*DGGF*;*DGGAP* 81K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1* $#* ("1N6* #8* ,1)%'2*Y0#* &#$&#* #'(2',#$* :%#'#("1'$%(1'&2=*81*:Z1*-1,Z>%,1*;*&#)2,"X(%,1*&#8*-"2,#$2*&#*("1'$>2")1,%6'&#*81*$2,%#&1&*:#'#N281'1U*I$ZP*nO01'&2*#'*#8*GA*;*G?P*0'*/"0-2*%)-2"T(1'(#*&#* ,2)-1("%2(1$*&#,Z1'*Y0#*'2*V13Z1*Y0#* %"* 1* 81$* #8#,,%2'#$P* a8u,<F7?D7?B@&,GJA@Zw*&%R2=*:1)2$*1*30$,1"*#8*,1)%'2*#8#,(2"18P*:1)2$*1,2':2,1"*18*-0#382P*:1)2$*1*=?7&6@A<>=89U?&;6<V=?D7F@?B@&;<;=>76&;<6>7&AH7&D@F<86JB987&O&;78HV987KP*V1*"#81(1&2*J%,28X$*S1&0"2E@U

!"2,#$2*Y0#*18*-"2-2'#"$#*$#"*;6<V=?D7F@?B@&;<;=>76P*1""%31"X*181*,#"(#N1*&#*81*'#,#$%&1&*&#*B67:8@?D@6&@>&87;9B7>9:F<*;*Y0#*81*:Z1*-1"1("1$,#'&#"82*#$*@>&:<897>9:F<P*,2)2*82*1'0',%1*#8*O2)1'&1'(#*OVX:#N&#'#8*9+*j2"2*.2,%18*S0'&%18*[!2"(2*I8#/"#P*M"1$%8P*EC*&#*#'#"2*&#*BCCp]=

n_2P* ,1&1* &Z1* )#* ,2':#'N2* )X$y* 18* ,1-%(18%$)2* V1;* Y0#("1'$,#'&#"82*-2"*81*:Z1*&#8*$2,%18%$)2P*-2"*#$1*:Z1*#$*Y0#*V1;*Y0#("1$,#'&#"*#8*)2&#82*,1-%(18%$(1P*#8*:#"&1&#"2*$2,%18%$)2U*~<1*%/018T&1&P* 81* R0$(%,%1�* uyw*_*1&#)X$P* (1)3%a'*#$(2;*,2':#',%&2* uyw*Y0##$*-2$%38#P*@:&;<:9C>@&B67:8@?D@6&@>&87;9B7>9:F<&;<6&>7&AH7&D@>&:<897S>9:F<&O&FJ:&7>>JT*@?&D@F<867897&`%?&D@F<867897aoUEG

**E?***OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*+5@?D7&+>B@6?7B9A7&1<>9A7697?7L&.9?9:B@69<&D@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76;767&>7&,<F=?98789U?&@&0?V<6F789U?L*O1"1,1$P*BCC?U

E@****SI5hKe*SeKe.P*J9Oe<f.=*#'("#:%$(1*#'*+#'#N281'1*&#*b#8#:%$%6'*[+b+]*#8*CFTCDTBCDEU*!1"1*#$#*)2)#'(2P*+%,#-"#$%&#'(#*HR#,0(%:2*&#8*723%#"'2*M28%:1"%1'2c1,(018)#'(#P*!"#$%&#'(#*,2'$(%(0,%2'18*&#*81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#TN0#81*-1"1*#8*-#"Z2&2*BCDETBCDGU

EG*****OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*\<6<&'<897>&.=?D97>W&%>&'=6T&$<6B@&D@&$=@:B6<:&[=@C><:W*V((-=rrxxxU>2"0)$2,%18)0'&%18U2"/U3"r&2x'821&rOV1:#N4$-##,V41(4!2"(24I8#/"#U-&>


47

<2*&%,#* ,01'&2* n81*-1813"1* $2,%18%$)2*V13Z1*&#$-1"#,%&2*&#8*&%$T,0"$2*-28Z(%,2*#'*#8* -"#,%$2*)2)#'(2*#'*Y0#* $0*'#,#$%&1&* $#* (2"'131)X$* %)-#"%2$1*Y0#*'0',1oUFC

H'*,2'$#,0#',%1P*-1"1* ("1$,#'&#"*#8* ,1-%(18%$)2*n81*,2',80$%6'*#$("1'$-1"#'(#=*#$*-"#,%$2*&1"8#*#8*-2&#"*1*82$*-23"#$*;*,2'$("0%"*#8*$2,%1T8%$)2oFDP* #8* ,018* $#"X* >2")081&2* ,2)2*'<897>9:F<&1<>9A7697?<&D@>& '95><MM0P*Y0#* $#*-"2;#,(1*1* ("1:a$*&#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&%"#,(1P*&#)2,"X(%,1*;-8#'1*&#8*-0#382P*n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oFBc*;*Y0#*#$*&#>%'%&2*#'*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*,2)2=

n0'*)2&2*&#*"#81,%2'#$*$2,%18#$*&#*-"2&0,,%6'*,#'("1&2*#'*81*,2'T:%:#',%1*$28%&1"%1*;* 81*$1(%$>1,,%6'*&#* 81$*'#,#$%&1&#$*)1(#"%18#$*#%'(1'/%38#$*&#* (2&1* 81* $2,%#&1&P*Y0#* (%#'#*,2)2*31$#* >0'&1)#'T(18*81*"#,0-#"1,%6'*&#8*:182"*&#8*("131R2*,2)2*-"2&0,(2"*&#*3%#'#$;*$#":%,%2$*-1"1*$1(%$>1,#"*81$*'#,#$%&1&#$*V0)1'1$*;*82/"1"*81*.0T-"#)1*j#8%,%&1&*.2,%18* ;*#8*5#$1""2882*W0)1'2* 9'(#/"18U*!1"1*#882#$*'#,#$1"%2*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*81*-"2-%#&1&*$2,%18*$23"#*82$*>1,(2"#$;*)#&%2$*&#*-"2&0,,%6'*3X$%,2$* ;* #$("1(a/%,2$*Y0#*-#")%(1*Y0#(2&1$* 81$* >1)%8%1$* ;* 82$* ,%0&1&1'2$* ;* ,%0&1&1'1$* :#'#N281'2$* ;:#'#N281'1$*-2$#1'P*0$#'*;*&%$>"0(#'*&#* $0*-1("%)2'%2*2*-"2-%#T&1&* %'&%:%&018*2* >1)%8%1"P*;*#R#"N1'*#8*-8#'2*/2,#*&#*$0$*&#"#,V2$#,2'6)%,2$P* $2,%18#$P* -28Z(%,2$* ;* ,08(0"18#$UoFE

FC** * *MeKeJP*Ib9<9e*IU=*'<897>9:F<&:95><&MM0&!N7O&A9D7&D@:;=P:&D@>&?@<>9C@67>9:F<4S2'(#*f:%81*H&%(2"#$*<1(%'21)#"%,1'1*OUIU*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU*-U*?EU

FD*******!IKb95e*.eO9I<9.bI*hJ95e*5H*+HJHihH<I*[!.h+]U**9C6<&3<Y<L&"<8=F@?B<:&V=?D7F@?SB7>@:L*O1"1,1$P*BCDCU*-U*ECU

FB*****93Z&#)U*--U*ECTEDUFE*****I"(U*@UDFP*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"U

Ulises Daal

48

.2,%18%$)2*Y0#*V1* &#* #&%>%,1"$#* $%/0%#'&2* 81*)Xg%)1*&#* .%)6'K2&"Z/0#N=* 9?A@?B7F<:&<&@667F<:c*;*#'*#$#*$#'(%&2*V1*&#*$#"=

n2"%/%'18P* -"2-%2P* ,"#1(%:2* ;* ,2'*0'*-"2>0'&2* $#'(%&2* ,28#,(%:%$(1&#8* #R#",%,%2*&#8* -2&#"P* Y0#*30$,1* ,2'$("0%"* 0'1* $0-#"#$("0,(0"1Y0#*$%":1*&#*$2-2"(#*18*)2&#82*#,2'6)%,2*$2,%18%$(1P*2"%#'(1'&2*;&%"#,,%2'1'&2*18*)%$)2*(%#)-2*-28Z(%,1$*,2'/"0#'(#$*,2'*#8*$#'(%T&2*&#* %&#'(%&1&*&#*'0#$("2*-0#382*;*$0*V%$(2"%1*-1"1* 81*-"#$#":1T,%6'*&#*'0#$("1*'1(0"18#N1oUFF

H$#*$#'(%&2*2"%/%'18P*-"2-%2*;*,"#1(%:2*&#8*.2,%18%$)2*M28%:1"%1'2&#8*.%/82*dd9*$#*>0'&1*1*-1"(%"*&#8*)6C<>&D@&>7:&(6@:&37H8@:=*.%)6'*M28ZT:1"P* .%)6'* K2&"Z/0#N* ;* HN#Y0%#8* i1)2"1FpP* "#$,1(1'&2* 1* 81* :#NP* 8<?:@?B9D<& 86HB98<P* n81$* #g-#"%#',%1$* V%$(6"%,1$* &#8* $2,%18%$)2o* ;* n1&2-T(1'&2*,2)2*/0Z1*#8*-#'$1)%#'(2*;* 81*1,,%6'*&#*"#:280,%2'1"%2$*;*$2T,%18%$(1$* 81(%'21)#"%,1'2$* ;* &#8*)0'&2oUFA

H$*#'*81*%'(#"-"#(1,%6'*&#8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*#'*$0*,2',#-T,%6'*2"%/%'1"%1P*Y0#*#'* 81*[6<;=@:B7&D@>&,7?D9D7B<&D@& >7&[7B697&,<F7?SD7?B@&N=5<&,GJA@Z&;767&>7&R@:B9U?&1<>9A7697?7&'<897>9:B7&hfbeShfbc*[31$#-1"1* 81* >2")081,%6'*&#8* 99* !81'* .2,%18%$(1*&#8* !"2;#,(2*J1,%2'18* .%)6'

FF*****!.h+U*{-U*O%(U*--U*E?TE@UFp* * *O2',#-,%6'* %&#286/%,1*&#* 81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1* >2")081&1*-2"*#8*O2T

)1'&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#NP*31$1&1*#'*#8*-#'$1)%#'(2*;* 81* 1,,%6'*&#*J'6@/!,0.AN3"2*2*'7F=@>&3<C9?:<?*[D??DTD@pF]*#&0,1&2"*;*>%86$2>2*:#'#N281'2PY0%#'*#R#",%6*0'1*/"1'*%'>80#',%1*#'*#8*-#'$1)%#'(2*-28Z(%,2*&#8*<%3#"(1&2".%)6'*M28Z:1"U*K2&"Z/0#N*$2$(#'Z1P*1'(#* 81*$%(01,%6'*&#* 81$*'1,%#'(#$*K#-LT38%,1$* $0"1)#"%,1'1$* 1*-"%',%-%2$*&#8* $%/82*d9d=* E!"U?D@& 96@F<:&7&C=:876F<D@><:4&*7&+FP6987&@:;7j<>7&@:&<6959?7>L&-6959?7>@:&G7?&D@&:@6&:=:&9?:B9B=89<S?@:&O&:=&5<C9@6?<L&k&<6959?7>@:T&><:&F@D9<:&D@&V=?D76&=?<&O&<B6<L&-&9?A@?B7F<:<& @667F<:KL* J'6@/* +,&A-).* [D?@ETD@EC]=* <Z&#"* &#* 81* 9'&#-#'&#',%1$0"1)#"%,1'1c*<%3#"(1&2"*&#*+#'#N0#81P*O282)3%1P*!1'1)XP*H,01&2"P*!#"L*;>0'&1&2"*&#*M28%:%1c* ;* ,0;2*)Xg%)2* $0#\2* >0#* $%#)-"#* 81*0'%>%,1,%6'*&#I)a"%,1*<1(%'1*;*#8*O1"%3#P*-1"1*,2'>2")1"*E>7&FJ:&567?D@&?789U?&D@>&F=?D<TF@?<:&;<6&:=&@XB@?:9U?&O&69I=@Z7:&I=@&;<6&:=&>9C@6B7D&O&5><697KL&_*=2"O3'"&F)6,.)* [D@D?TD@AC]=*)%8%(1"P* &%"%/#'(#*-2-081"* ;* ,10&%882* $2,%18* &#8* $%/82d9dc*8Z&#"*&#8*!1"(%&2*<%3#"18*;*R#>#*&#*81*K#:280,%6'*j#&#"18*:#'#N281'1U*.0-#'$1)%#'(2*-28Z(%,2*-0#&#*"#$0)%"$#*#'*0'1*&#*$0$*-"%',%-18#$*,2'$%/'1$&#*/0#""1=*E(9@667:&O&G<FC6@:&>9C6@:T&@>@889U?&;<;=>76&O&G<66<6&7&>7&<>9576I=H7KL

FA******93Z&#)U*-U*E@U


49

M28Z:1"]*$#*#$(138#,%6P*$23"#*#8*$#/0'&2*7"1'*e3R#(%:2*W%$(6"%,2=*E,<?B9S?=76& 8<?:B6=O@?D<&@>& :<897>9:F<&C<>9A7697?<&D@>& :95><&MM0& @?&2@?@Z=@>7T8<F<&7>B@6?7B9A7&7>&:9:B@F7&D@:B6=8B9A<&O&:7>A7Y@&D@>&87;9B7>9:F<&O&8<?&@>><7:@5=676&>7&lF7O<6&:=F7&D@&:@5=69D7D&:<897>T&F7O<6&:=F7&D@&@:B7C9>9D7D;<>HB987& O& >7&F7O<6& :=F7&D@& V@>989D7Dm& ;767& ?=@:B6<& ;=@C><KF?P* Y0#* 18-"#>%/0"1"$#* #$(# e3R#(%:2* n#'* 81$* >2")1$*&#* ,2'$("0,,%6'*&#8* $2,%18%$T)2*'0#$("2*-1"1*18,1'N1"*81*$0-"#)1*>#8%,%&1&*$2,%18*&#8*-0#382oP*$0*,2'T$#,0,%6'*n-1$1P*#'*-"%)#"*80/1"P*-2"*1,#8#"1"*#8*,1)3%2*&#8*$%$(#)1*#,2T'6)%,2P*("1$,#'&%#'&2*#8*)2&#82*"#'(%$(1*-#("28#"2*,1-%(18%$(1*18*)2&#T82*#,2'6)%,2*-"2&0,(%:2* $2,%18%$(1* uyw*.:.*#$*&10"#$"#%" )0%"1#%" 3.*&10C0/+&%"!"D#70/)-*+/0>"1#"D#)#/@0"!"1#"E:.*+/+&oU

.%#'&2*-1"1*#882*'#,#$1"%2* u@:B67BP598<w* n&#$1(1"* 81*-2(#',%1* ,2'T(#'%&1*#'* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1P* %0()&$10" %&" +)):9/+5$"1#6+$+*+8&1#%"$:#80"3.*&10"C0/+&%"!"D#70/)-*+/0>"1#"D#)#/@0"!"1#"E:.*+/+&P*)#&%1'T(#* 81*,2'$28%&1,%6'*;*#g-1'$%6'*&#8*-2&#"*-2-081"*1*("1:a$*&#*81$*S%$%2T'#$* ;* /"1'&#$*)%$%2'#$* $2,%18%$(1$* ;*#8* 10(2/23%#"'2*#'*-2381,%2'#$* ;(#""%(2"%2$*#$-#,Z>%,2$*,2'>2")1&2$*,2)2*O2)0'1$P*#'("#*2("1$*-28Z(%,1$oF@U

!#"2*(1)-2,2*$#*("1(1*^,2)2*3%#'*,81"2*82*(%#'#*81*&%"#,,%6'*&#*81K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1P*#8*/23%#"'2*"#:280,%2'1"%2*;* 81*)1;2"Z1*&#8*-0#T382*:#'#N281'2^*&#*,2'>0'&%"*18*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*,2'*#8*881)1T&2* nH$(1&2*&#*M%#'#$(1"oP*-2"Y0#*a$(#* "#-"#$#'(1*-"#,%$1)#'(#* 81*&#$T:%1,%6'*&#*81*,2',#-,%6'*2"%/%'1"%1*&#8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2P*18*"#&0T,%"82*1*=?7&;<>HB987*1$%$(#',%18%$(1*,2)2*F@D9<&;767&@A9B76&>7&6=;B=67&8<?@>&<6D@?& 87;9B7>9:B7*)#&%1'(#*&2$*&%"#,("%,#$* >0'&1)#'(18#$=*DU*)1'(#T'#"*#8* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*#,2'6)%,2*&#8* $%$(#)1c* ;*BU* %)-8#)#'(1,%6'*&#18/0'2$*-"2/"1)1$*$2,%18#$*-1"1*,2'(#'#"* 81$*&#)1'&1$*&#*("1'$>2")1T,%6'*$2,%18*;*/1"1'(%N1"*1$Z*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*81*1,0)081,%6'*&#*,1-%(18c*Y0#-2"* 82*&#)X$P*,2)2*$2$(%#'#*I(%82*M2"2'=

n<2$*1:1',#$*$2,%18#$P*#,2'6)%,2$*;*-28Z(%,2$*Y0#*$#*&%#"2'*#'*0'3"#:#* %'(#":182*1*)#&%1&2$*&#8* $%/82*-1$1&2*'2* >0#"2'*-"2&0,(2&#8*#$-Z"%(0* ,1-%(18%$(1* $%'2*&#* 81* >2"(18#N1*&#* 81$* >0#"N1$* $2,%18#$1&:#"$1$*Y0#*-0&%#"2'*1-"2:#,V1"P*&#$-0a$*&#*81*.#/0'&1*70#""1

F?******OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*[6<;=@:B7&D@>&,7?D9D7B<&D@&>7&[7B697&,<F7?D7?B@&N=5<&,GJA@Z;767&>7&R@:B9U?&1<>9A7697?7&'<897>9:B7&hfbeShfbcU*H&%,%6'*&#*328$%882U*-U*DpU

F@****93Z&#)U*--U*D@TBCU

Ulises Daal

50

S0'&%18P*0'*)2)#'(2*&#*"#>80R2*;*&#3%8%&1&*&#*82$*-2&#"#$*,2'$T(%(0%&2$*-1"1*23(#'#"* $%/'%>%,1(%:1$* ;P* >0'&1)#'(18)#'(#P* B67?:9SB<697:* ,2',#$%2'#$oUFG

!#"2*Y0#P*-"2$%/0#*M2"2'=

n1'(#* #8* &#3%8%(1)%#'(2* ;* -2$(#"%2"* ,"%$%$* &#* 81$* >0#"N1$* $2,%18#$Y0#* $#* 8#*2-2'Z1'*;*1'(#* 81*&#$1-1"%,%6'*&#* $0* ,2'("1-#$2*#'*#8$%$(#)1* %'(#"'1,%2'18P* 81*h'%6'*.2:%a(%,1P*#8* ,1-%(18%$)2*$#*&#$-2TR6*&#*(2&1$*$0$*)28#$(1$*)#&%1,%2'#$*,%:%8%N1(2"%1$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*;$#* "#-8#/6* $23"#* $0* 'L,8#2* &0"2P* $0* %'$(%'(2* -"%)%/#'%2=* 81)1g%)%N1,%6'*&#8* 80,"2*1*,018Y0%#"*-"#,%2P*10'Y0#*#'*$0*>"#'a(%,13L$Y0#&1* $#* &#$("0;1'* $2,%#&1&#$* ;* )#&%2* 1)3%#'(#U* H8'#28%3#"18%$)2*#$* 81*#g-"#$%6'* %&#286/%,1*&#*#$(1*#(1-1* uywoUpC

H8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*,2'$(%(0;#*0'*8<?8@;B<&B<B7>&D@&%:B7SD<P*Y0#*0'1*:#N*#$(138#,%&2*#'* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*$#*V1,#*-"2;#,(2*&#*J1T,%6'P*,2)-2"(1'&2*-2"*#882*1$-#,(2$*;<>HB98<:P*Y=6HD98<:&@&9D@<>U598<:*&#$T(%'1&2$*1*$0*,2'$#,0,%6'P*Y0#*#'*#8*,1$2*&#*81*OKM+P*#8*H$(1&2*5#)2,"XT(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1*;6<;=5?7&8<F<&A7><6@:&:=;@69<6@:D@&:=&<6D@?7F9@?B<&Y=6HD98<&O&D@&:=&78B=789U?T&>7&A9D7T&>7&>9C@6B7DT&>7&Y=:B9S897T&>7&95=7>D7DT&>7&:<>9D769D7DT&>7&D@F<867897T&>7&6@:;<?:7C9>9D7D&:<897>&OT@?&5@?@67>T&>7&;6@@F9?@?897&D@&><:&D@6@8G<:&G=F7?<:T&>7&PB987&O&@>&;>=67>9:SF<&;<>HB98<*[I"(U*B*OKM+]c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n81*,22-#"1,%6'*$2,%18T(#""%(2"%18*uywY0#*1")2'%,#* (2&1$* 81$*2-2$%,%2'#$*&#* %'(#"#$#$o*#'*#8*#$-1,%2*/#2/"XT

FG*******MeKeJP*Ib9<9e*IU=*'<897>9:F<&D@>&'95><&MM0&!N7O&A9D7&D@:;=P:&D@>&?@<>9C@67>9:F<4S2'(#*f:%81*H&%(2"#$*<1(%'21)#"%,1'1P*OUIU*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU*-*B?U

pC*****93Z&#)U*--U*B?TB@U


51

>%,2*'1,%2'18pDP*)#&%1'(#*#8*#R#",%,%2*-8#'2*&#*81*$23#"1'Z1*-2"*-1"(#*&#8-0#382*[I"(U*p*OKM+]*;*,2'*0'*/23%#"'2*D@F<86JB98<T&;76B989;7B9A<T&@>@8B9SA<T& D@:8@?B67>9Z7D<T&7>B@6?7B9A<T& 6@:;<?:7C>@T& ;>=67>9:B7& O&D@&F7?D7B<:6@A<87C>@:*[I"(U*A*OKM+]U

!2"* 82* (1'(2P*'2* $#* ("1(1*&#*F@Y<676* 81$* ,2'&%,%2'#$* $2,%18#$*&#8,1-%(18%$)2P*$%'2*&#*("1$,#'&#"82*)#&%1'(#*81*,2'$("0,,%6'*&#*0'*)2&#T82*$2,%18*&#*R0$(%,%1P*%/018&1&*;*#Y0%&1&=*@>&:<897>9:F<c*-2"Y0#*81*OKM+*'2$#* "#>%#"#*1*0'1*F@Y<6* &#)2,"1,%1P* $%'2*1* >7&D@F<867897&;76B989;7B9A7&O;6<B75U?987*[!"#X)3082]c*(1)-2,2*1*0'1*F@Y<6*&%$("%30,%6'*&#*81*"%Y0#TN1P*$%'2*1* 81* Y=:B7&D9:B69C=89U?&D@& >7& 69I=@Z7&;* 81*-"2&0,,%6'*&#*3%#'#$*;$#":%,%2$*Y0#* $1(%$>1/1'* 81$*'#,#$%&1&#$*D@& >7&;<C>789U?& [I"(U* DDp]* ;*'2$682* 1* 0'1* -1"(#* &#* #881c* 1$Z* ,2)2* (1)3%a'* #$(138#,#* Y0#* #8* $%$(#)1$2,%2#,2'6)%,2*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1* (%#'#*,2)2* >%'18%&1&& 7:@5=676&@>&D@:7S66<>><&G=F7?<&9?B@567>&O&=?7&@X9:B@?897&D95?7&O&;6<A@8G<:7&;767&>7&8<>@8SB9A9D7D* [I"(U*BGG]U*H$*)X$P* 81*OKM+P*,2'$1/"1'&2*#8*-"%',%-%2*&#*%/018&1&1'(#* 81*<#;P* %',80;#*#'*a$(#* (1)3%a'*#8*&#* 81*#Y0%&1&P*Y0#* 8#*-#")%(#*18H$(1&2*-1",%18%N1"$#P*-#"2*$682*#'*>1:2"*&#*82$*$#,(2"#$*)X$*'#,#$%(1&2$=n-#"$2'1$*2*/"0-2$*Y0#*-0#&1'*$#"*&%$,"%)%'1&2$P*)1"/%'1&2$*2*:08'#T"138#$*uyw*#$-#,%18)#'(#*1Y0#881$*-#"$2'1$*Y0#*-2"*18/0'1*&#*81$*,2'&%T,%2'#$*1'(#$*#$-#,%>%,1&1$P* $#*#',0#'("#'*#'*,%",0'$(1',%1*&#*&#3%8%&1&)1'%>%#$(1o* [I"(U*BD]U

O2)2*"#$08(1*#:%&#'(#P*$#*("1(1*1Y0Z*&#*&#R1"*,81"1)#'(#*#$(138#T,%&2*Y0#*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8*H$(1&2*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*[%:B7D<&"@F<86JB98<O&'<897>&D@&"@6@8G<&O&D@&]=:B9897*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*B*&#*81*OKM+]P*88#:1*%)-8Z,%(181*"#18%N1,%6'*&#*81*$2,%#&1&*$2,%18%$(1P*(18*,2)2*82*V1*1$0)%&2*#8*-0#382:#'#N281'2*1*-1"(%"*&#8*1\2*BCCAP*,01'&2*#8*O2)1'&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#N*8#-"#$#'(6*,2)2*-"%',%-18*-"2-0#$(1*#'*81*,1)-1\1*#8#,(2"18*&#*#$#*1\2*81,2'$("0,,%6'*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&* $2,%18%$(1UpB

pD******WH<<HKP*WHKSIJJ=*(@<6H7&D@>&%:B7D<U*j2'&2*&#*O08(0"1*H,2'6)%,1U*Sag%,2P*DG??U-*BBDU

pB******H8*O2)1'&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#N*"#(6*1*82$*:#'#N281'2$*;*81$*:#'#N281'1$*#'*#$1,1)-1\1*#8#,(2"18=* n.#*1,131"2'*1Y0#882$*,1"'1:18#$*#8#,(2"18#$*&2'&#* 81/#'(#*%31*1*:2(1"*$%'*$13#"*-2"*Y0a*:2(131U*~J2�P*,1&1*:#'#N281'2*Y0#*:2(#-2"*W0/2*OVX:#N*#8*-"6g%)2*&%,%#)3"#P*&#3#*:2(1"*-2"* 81*K#:280,%6'*;* 81,2'$("0,,%6'*&#8*$2,%18%$)2*#'*+#'#N0#81oc*"#$08(1'&2*"##8#,(2*,2'*#8*pGP?AÄ&#*82$*:2(2$U

Ulises Daal

52


53

>>>E'@.%&+.'I&%&5,+"&(2&$)5,+1W,%.

Ulises Daal

54


55

UE''@B"9AB'I9"98=A'-BB798=<>VB

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nH'* 82$* (a")%'2$* ,2'$1/"1&2$*@?&@:B7&,<?:B9B=89U?oc*'2*#'82$*&#*81*DGADU

!2"Y0#P* ,2)2* $#*1,81"1*#'* 81* Hg-2$%,%6'*&#*S2(%:2$* ,2'$(%(0,%2T'18P*$#*("1(1*&#*E:$"701#%0"6#1#)&%"/009#)&*+80P*#'*#8*Y0#&%&."/07:$+1&21#."!"&:*0)+1&1#."1#" %0."1+.*+$*0."$+8#%#."90%?*+/02*#))+*0)+&%#.& uF=?989S;9<:T& @:B7D<:&O& >7&3@;QC>987w&-1"(%,%-1'*#'* 81* >2")1,%6'*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$-L38%,1$*,2)0'#$*1* 81*J1,%6'P* %'(#/"X'&2$#*#'&:$&"#.6#)&"1#"(04+#)$0/079&)*+1&&-1"1*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#*81$*,2)-#(#',%1$*#'*Y0#*,2',0""#'opEU*H$&#,%"P* #'* 81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81*#8* #R#",%,%2*&#* 81*1,,%6'&#*/23%#"'2*'2*#$*>1,08(1&*#g,80$%:1*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2P*$%'2*Y0#*81*)%$T)1*$#*#g(%#'&#*)#&%1'(#*81*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*$2,%18*1*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;,%0&1&1'1$P*2"/1'%N1&2$*@?&O&7&;76B96*&#*81*,2)0'%&1&*[%:B7D<&,<F=?7>]U

O2)2*$#*:#P* $#*#$(X*#'*-"#$#',%1*&#*0'*'0#:2* (%-2*&#* "#81,%2'1T)%#'(2*#'("#*#8* H$(1&2*;* 81* $2,%#&1&P*&2'&#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1

pE*.23"#*#8*bZ(082*9=*5%$-2$%,%2'#$*j0'&1)#'(18#$U

Ulises Daal

56

n'2*Y0#&1* 8%)%(1&1* 1* 82$* -"2,#$2$* #8#,(2"18#$P* ;1* Y0#* $#* "#,2'2,#* 81'#,#$%&1&*&#* 81* %'(#":#',%6'*&#8*-0#382*#'* 82$*-"2,#$2$*&#* >2")1,%6'P>2")081,%6'*;*#R#,0,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$oc*,2',%3%a'&2$#*1$Z*1*81/#$(%6'*-L38%,1P*n,2)2*0'*-"2,#$2*#'*#8*,018*$#*#$(138#,#*0'1*,2)0'%,1T,%6'*>80%&1*#'("#*/23#"'1'(#$*;*-0#382oP&Y0#&n%)-8%,1*)2&%>%,1"*81*2"%#'T(1,%6'*&#* 81$*"#81,%2'#$*#'("#*#8*H$(1&2*;* 81*$2,%#&1&P*-1"1*&#:28:#"8#*1#$(1*L8(%)1*$0* 8#/Z(%)2*-"2(1/2'%$)2o*[3@:B9B=89U?&D@>&;<D@6]*pFU

<1*"#&1,,%6'*,2)-8#(1*&#8*1"(Z,082*F*&#*81*OKM+*#$=

n<1*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81*#$*0'*H$(1&2* >#&#"18*&#$T,#'("18%N1&2*#'* 82$* (a")%'2$* ,2'$1/"1&2$*#'*#$(1*O2'$(%(0,%6'P* ;$#* "%/#* -2"* 82$* -"%',%-%2$* &#* %'(#/"%&1&* (#""%(2"%18P* ,22-#"1,%6'P$28%&1"%&1&P* ,2',0""#',%1* ;*/0))#.90$.&4+%+1&1oU.#* V1* &#$(1,1&2* #'* 81* 1'(#"%2"* ("1'$,"%-,%6'* &#8* 1"(Z,082* F* 81

8<66@:;<?:7C9>9D7DP* -2"Y0#* 81*)%$)1*^&#>%'%&1* ,2)2*#8* ,2)-"2)%$2,2)-1"(%&2*#'("#*81*$2,%#&1&*;*#8*H$(1&2^*(%#'#*-2"*>%'18%&1&*#8*,0)-8%T)%#'(2*&#* 82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#=

n%'&#-#'&#',%1P* &#)2,"1,%1P* %/018&1&P* -1NP* 8%3#"(1&P* R0$(%,%1P* $2T8%&1"%&1&P*-"2)2,%6'*;*,2'$#":1,%6'*1)3%#'(18*;*1>%")1,%6'*&#*82$&#"#,V2$*V0)1'2$P* 1$Z* ,2)2*#'* 81* $1(%$>1,,%6'*-"2/"#$%:1*&#* 81$'#,#$%&1&#$* %'&%:%&018#$* ;* ,28#,(%:1$*&#* 82$* :#'#N281'2$* ;* :#'#TN281'1$P*$23"#*81$*31$#$*&#*0'*&#$1""2882*$0$(#'(138#*;*-"2&0,(%:2&#*-8#'1*,23#"(0"1*-1"1*81*,2)0'%&1&*'1,%2'18*uywo*[I"(U*BEA*OKM+]UO2)-"#'&%#'&2*#$1* ,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&P* n82$*X)3%(2$&#/0$57+/0>

.0/+&%>" 90%?*+/0>" /:%*:)&%>" (#0()-6+/0>"&74+#$*&%" !"7+%+*&)o* [I"(U*:=;67]PY0#* $2'*&#$1""2881&2$*#'* 81$* <#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"U

UEHE I9"98=->?;'='A='V9;9TBA=;=.#/L'*81*(#2"Z1*&#8*H$(1&2*j#&#"18P*#g%$(#'*("#$*)a(2&2$*-1"1*#$(1T

38#,#"* 81$* 1("%30,%2'#$* >#&#"18#$=

DU H'0)#"1"*#'* >2")1* (1'*,2)-8#(1* ,2)2*$#1*-2$%38#* 81$*1("%30,%2T'#$*&#8*!2&#"*,#'("18*;*81$*&#*82$*#$(1&2$U

pF****HSTOKM+P* $23"#*#8* bZ(082* 999P* O1-Z(082* 9+=*5#* 82$*&#"#,V2$*-28Z(%,2$* ;* &#8"#>#"#'&2*-2-081"U


57

BU H'0)#"1"* 81$* 1("%30,%2'#$*&#8* !2&#"* ,#'("18P* ;*&#*#$#*)2&2* (2T&1$*81$*'2*#$-#,%>%,1&1$*,2""#$-2'&#"Z1'*1*81*,2)-#(#',%1*&#*82$#$(1&2$U

EU H'0)#"1"* 81$*1("%30,%2'#$*&#* 82$*#$(1&2$P* "#,1;#'&2*#'*#8*!2&#",#'("18* (2&1$* 81$*'2*,2)-"#'&%&1$*#'*#$1*#'0)#"1,%6'Upp

5#* 82*1'(#"%2"*$#*#:%&#',%1*Y0#* 81*,2',#-,%6'*&#8*)2&#82* >#&#"18#$(138#,%&1*#'* 81*OKM+*#$*0'1*,2)3%'1,%6'*&#8*-"%)#"2*;*#8* (#",#"2*&##$2$*)a(2&2$P*-#"2* >2")081&1*&#*1,0#"&2* n,2'* 81$*#$-#,%>%,%&1&#$*Y0#"#Y0%#"#*'0#$("1* "#18%&1&oP* ;* Y0#* ,2'>%/0"1* n#8* ,2',#-(2*&#*0'*'0#:2>#&#"18%$)2* uyw*0'* ,2',#-(2*#$-#,Z>%,2*&#* j#&#"1,%6'*-1"1*+#'#N0#81uyw*0'1* >#&#"1,%6'*1* 81* :#'#N281'1opAP* #'* 81*Y0#*^"#,2'2,%#'&2*1* 82$#$(1&2$* ;*)0'%,%-%2$* #'* $0$* "#$-#,(%:1$*#$>#"1$*&#* ,2)-#(#',%1$^*$##$(138#,#*1*>7&8<F=?9D7D*,2)2*#R#*,#'("18*&#8*)2&#82P*;1*Y0#*$%*3%#'*81,2',#-,%6'*,8X$%,1*V1*$2$(#'%&2*$%#)-"#*Y0#*#8*)0'%,%-%2*#$*81*%'$(1',%1&#*/23%#"'2*FJ:&8@687?7*1*81*-2381,%6'P*81*,2)0'%&1&*@:* 81*-2381,%6'U

5#* %/018*)1'#"1P*#'* 81*&#>%'%,%6'*&#8*)2&#82* >#&#"18* :#'#N281'2$#*-2'#*&#*)1'%>%#$(2*Y0#*$#*("1(1*&#*0'*V@D@67>9:F<&8<<;@67B9A<P*#8*,018,2'$(%(0;#* 81* n$0-#"1,%6'* V%$(6"%,1* &#* 82* Y0#* V1* $%&2* &#'2)%'1&2>#&#"18%$)2*&018* Y0#* #'(#'&Z1* 18* H$(1&2* ,2)2*-"2&0,(2*&#*0'*-1,(2#'("#*82$*&%$(%'(2$*#'(#$*-28Z(%,2T(#""%(2"%18#$*u><:&@:B7D<:w*82$*,018#$*(#'T&"Z1'*0'1*#$>#"1*&#*$23#"1'Z1*'2*&#8#/1&1*1*81*h'%6'*u>7&3@;QC>987w*;P*#'-"%',%-%2P*%'(1'/%38#*1*81*1,,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*j#&#"18*u><:&U657?<:&D@>&[<D@6[QC>98<&$789<?7>wop?U*K#$-#,(2*&#*82*,018*V1*#$(138#,%&2*81*.181*O2'$(%(0T,%2'18*&#8*b"%30'18* .0-"#)2*&#* `0$(%,%1P*Y0#* 81*K#-L38%,1* n#$(X* >2")1&1-2"*#'(#$* (#""%(2"%18#$*#'* ("#$*'%:#8#$P* ,1&1*0'2*,2'* $0$* ,2)-#(#',%1$P-#"2* 81*K#-L38%,1*,0#'(1*,2'* 81*-2$%3%8%&1&*&#*&1"*0'%&1&*1*&#(#")%'1T&2$*1$-#,(2$P*$%#)-"#*Y0#* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'* 82*-#")%(1oP*;1*Y0#*"#$08(1"Z1

pp*******7hiSfJ*Ke5K}7hHiP*̀ e.z=*\@D@67>9:F<&@?&>7&F<D@6?9Z789U?&O&V<6B7>@89F9@?B<&D@&><:5<C9@6?<:&F=?989;7>@:U* 9'$(%(0(2*&#*I&)%'%$("1,%6'*!L38%,1*&#8* H$(1&2*&#v0#"a(1"2P*IUOU*v0#"a(1"2*[Sag%,2]P*DGG?U*-U*pEU

pA*****<IKIP*m9<<9IJ=*9'(#":#',%6'*#'*$#$%6'*&#*81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18*O2'$(%(0;#'(#&#8*DGUDCUDGGGU*H'=*"9:8=6:<:&0?:=65@?B@:U*j2'&2*H&%(2"%18*m%88%1'*<1"1U*O1"1T,1$P*BCDBU*-U*ECU

p?*****HSTOKM+U*.23"#*#8*bZ(082*9+P*O1-Z(082*+=*"@>&,<?:@Y<&\@D@67>&D@&R<C9@6?<U

Ulises Daal

58

%',2',#3%38#*Y0#* n81* j#&#"1,%6'* ,1"#N,1*&#* %'R#"#',%1* $23"#* 82$* #'(#$>#&#"1&2$P*-0#$* $#*-#"&#"Z1* 81* :%$%6'*&#* ,2'R0'(2*Y0#*V1* R0$(%>%,1&2* $0-"2-%1* #g%$(#',%1oUp@

5#*188Z*Y0#*'2*(#'/1'*'%'/0'1*$0$(#'(1,%6'*81$*-"#(#'$%2'#$*&#*82$2-2$%,%2'%$(1$*^&#$&#*81$*/23#"'1,%2'#$*;*18,18&Z1$*Y0#*#R#",#'P*;*#'*81%)1/%'1,%6'*&#* 0'* >#&#"18%$)2* 18* #$(%82* &#8* &#* 82$* H$(1&2$*h'%&2$* &#J2"(#1)a"%,1* [$23#"1'Z1* ,2)-1"(%&1*#'("#* 82$*#$(1&2$*;* 81*h'%6']^*&#&#$,2'2,#"* 81$* 1("%30,%2'#$*&#8* !2&#"* ,#'("18* $23"#* (2&2*#8* (#""%(2"%2'1,%2'18P* 1$Z* ,2)2*1,0$1"* &#* %',2'$(%(0,%2'18#$* 1* 81$* <#;#$*&#8* !2&#"!2-081"P*-2"Y0#*a$(1$*#$(138#,#'*,2)2*$0R#(2$*&#* 81*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*;("1'$>#"#',%1*&#* ,2)-#(#',%1$*1* %'$(1',%1$* ,2)2* 82$* ,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'1T8#$*;*81$*,2)0'1$U

UELE 9;'M'='7=8<>8'"9'A='-B@D;>"="

<1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ,%0&1&1'1*#'* 81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$*-LT38%,1$*[1,,%6'*&#*/23%#"'2]P*&#*1,0#"&2*1*82*Y0#*#$(138#,#*81*OKM+*-1"1*#8&#$1""2882*&#8*S2&#82*j#&#"18*O22-#"1(%:2P*&#3#*&1"$#*#$"!"&"9&)*+)&&#81*2"/1'%N1,%6'*$2,%18*#'* 81*,2)0'%&1&P*-2"Y0#*$#*("1(1*&#*,2'>%/0"1"* 81-1"(#*Y0#*,2""#$-2'&#*18*-0#382*#'*>7&@:V@67&D@&5<C9@6?<&8<F;76B9D7c*;#'*#$#* $#'(%&2P*#$" /&1&" /07:$+1&1P* $0$* V13%(1'(#$P* 2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* ;)2:%)%#'(2$* $2,%18#$* &#3#'* 1"(%,081"$#* #'* 81* ,2'>2")1,%6'* &#* $07=B<5<C9@6?<& 8<F=?9B769<c*!"&"9&)*+)*&#*#$1*2"/1'%N1,%6'* ,2)0'%(1"%1-"%)1"%1P* 1"(%,081"$#* 1* 81* :#N* ,2'* 81$* &#)X$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*2"/1'%N1&1$,2'(%/01$P*,"#1'&2*1$Z*0'*:9:B@F7&D@&756@5789U?&8<F=?7>*-1"1*-1"(%,%-1"P,2""#$-2'$138#)#'(#*,2'*81$*%'$(1',%1$*&#8*H$(1&2*#'*82$*&%$(%'(2$*'%:#T8#$*-28Z(%,2T(#""%(2"%18#$* [F=?989;7>T&@:B7D7>&O&?789<?7>]P*n#'* 81* >2")1,%6'&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$*,2)0'#$*1*81*J1,%6'oP&&#*1,0#"&2*1*82*&%$-0#$(2#'*81*OKM+P*81$*8#;#$*&%,(1&1$*,2'*$0R#,%6'*1*82$*:182"#$*;*-"%',%-%2$*,2'$T(%(0,%2'18#$*;*1*82$*8%'#1)%#'(2$*/#'#"18#$*&#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6T)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'*[I"($U*D@?U@*;*BEAUD@*OKM+]U

!1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8*S2&#82*j#&#"18*O22-#"1(%:2P*81*OKM+*&%$-2T'#*81*,"#1,%6'*&#*6"/1'2$*-1"1*81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*&#*81*%':#"$%6'*-L38%,1P*#8

p@* *** .#'(#',%1*Jq*DEAE*&#8*BCTC?TBCCF=*V((-=rrxxxU($RU/2:U:#r&#,%$%2'#$r$,2'r`08%2rDEAETBCC?CFTCBTD@E?ÄBCUV()


59

-"2,#$2*&#*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*;* ("1'$>#"#',%1*&#* ,2)-#(#',%1$*&#$&#*#8!2&#"*J1,%2'18*1*82$*2("2$*'%:#8#$*-28Z(%,2$T(#""%(2"%18#$c*;*&#*(2&2$*#$2$'%:#8#$*V1,%1*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*2"/1'%N1&2$*@?&O&7&;76B96*&#*81,2)0'%&1&*[6@:B9B=89U?&D@>&;<D@6]*-1"1*;6<F<A@6&@>&D@:766<>><&@I=9>9C67SD<&&#8*-1Z$=

Q H8*;0$.#F0"G#1#)&%"1#"H04+#)$0& I;GHJP*-"#$%&%&2*-2"*#8*+%,#-"#$%T&#'(#*HR#,0(%:2*2*+%,#-"#$%&#'(1*HR#,0(%:1*#* %'(#/"1&2*-2"* 82$*)%T'%$("2$*2*)%'%$("1$P* 82$*/23#"'1&2"#$*2*/23#"'1&2"1$P*0'*I8,18&#*2I8,18&#$1*-2"*,1&1*H$(1&2*!")#9)#.#$*&$*#."1#"%&".0/+#1&1"0)(&$+,&21&oc*;*&#8*,018*&#-#'&#*#8*j2'&2*&#*O2)-#'$1,%6'*9'(#"(#""%(2"%18Pn&#$(%'1&2*18* >%'1',%1)%#'(2*&#* %':#"$%2'#$*-L38%,1$*-1"1*-"2)2T:#"* #8* &#$1""2882* #Y0%8%3"1&2* &#* 81$* "#/%2'#$P* 81* ,22-#"1,%6'* ;,2)-8#)#'(1,%6'*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$*#* %'%,%1(%:1$*&#*&#$1""2882*&#* 81$&%$(%'(1$*#'(%&1&#$*-L38%,1$* (#""%(2"%18#$P*;*1*1-2;1"*#$-#,%18)#'(#81*&2(1,%6'*&#*23"1$*;*$#":%,%2$*#$#',%18#$*#'*81$*"#/%2'#$*;*,2)0'%T&1&#$*&#*)#'2"*&#$1""2882* "#81(%:2oU* [I"(U*D@p]U

Q h'*;0$.#F0"1#"K%&$+6+/&/+5$"!";00)1+$&/+5$"1#"K0%?*+/&."KL4%+/&.I;#9%&/099J*#'*,1&1*#$(1&2P*-"#$%&%&2*-2"*#8*723#"'1&2"*2*723#"T'1&2"1*#* %'(#/"1&2*-2"* 82$*18,18&#$*2*18,18&#$1$P* 82$*&%"#,(2"#$*2&%"#,(2"1$* #$(1&18#$*&#* 82$*)%'%$(#"%2$c* ;*0'1* "#-"#$#'(1,%6'*&#82$* 8#/%$81&2"#$*#8#/%&2$*2* 8#/%$81&2"1$*#8#/%&1$*-2"*#8*H$(1&2*1* 81I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18P* &#8* O2'$#R2* <#/%$81(%:2P* &#* 82$* ,2',#R18#$* 2,2',#R181$*!"1#"%&."/07:$+1&1#."0)(&$+,&1&.P*%',80;#'&2*81$*%'&ZT/#'1$*&2'&#* 81$*V03%#"#U* [I"(UDAA]U

Q h'*;0$.#F0"'0/&%"1#"K%&$+6+/&/+5$"KL4%+/&* I;'KKJ*#'*,1&1*)0'%,%T-%2P*-"#$%&%&2*-2"*#8*18,18&#*2*18,18&#$1*#*%'(#/"1&2*-2"*82$*,2',#TR18#$* ;* ,2',#R181$P* 82$* -"#$%&#'(#$* 2* -"#$%&#'(1$* &#* 81$* R0'(1$-1""2Y0%18#$*!")#9)#.#$*&$*#."1#"0)(&$+,&/+0$#."8#/+$&%#."!"0*)&.1#"%&".0/+#1&1"0)(&$+,&1&L&[I"(U*D@B]U

5#* %/018*)1'#"1P* 81* OKM+*2"&#'1*Y0#* $#*&%,(#'* 8#;#$*)#&%1'(#,018#$*$#*,"##'*E7#/&$+.70."&4+#)*0."!"6%#B+4%#.*9&)&"A:#"%0."#.*&10."!%0."7:$+/+9+0."1#./#$*)&%+/#$"!"*)&$.6+#)&$"&"%&."/07:$+1&1#."!"():90.8#/+$&%#."0)(&$+,&10.* 82$* $#":%,%2$*Y0#*a$(2$* /#$(%2'#'*-"#:%1*&#)2$T("1,%6'*&#*$0*,1-1,%&1&*-1"1*-"#$(1"82$P*-"2)2:%#'&2=

Ulises Daal

60

DU <1* ("1'$>#"#',%1*&#* $#":%,%2$*#'*)1(#"%1*&#* $180&P* #&0,1,%6'P* :%T:%#'&1P*&#-2"(#P* ,08(0"1P*-"2/"1)1$* $2,%18#$P* 1)3%#'(#P*)1'(#'%T)%#'(2*&#* X"#1$* %'&0$("%18#$P*)1'(#'%)%#'(2* ;* ,2'$#":1,%6'*&#X"#1$*0"31'1$P* -"#:#',%6'* ;*-"2(#,,%6'* :#,%'18P* ,2'$("0,,%6'*&#23"1$*;*-"#$(1,%6'*&#*$#":%,%2$*-L38%,2$U*I*(18*#>#,(2P*-2&"X'*#$(1T38#,#"*,2':#'%2$*,0;2$*,2'(#'%&2$*#$(1"X'*2"%#'(1&2$*-2"*82$*-"%'T,%-%2$* &#* %'(#"&#-#'&#',%1P* ,22"&%'1,%6'P* ,22-#"1,%6'* ;,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&U

BU <1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$* ;*&#* ,%0&1&1'2$*2* ,%0&1&1T'1$P*1*("1:a$*&#*81$*1$2,%1,%2'#$*:#,%'18#$*;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*'2*/0T3#"'1)#'(18#$P*#'*81*>2")081,%6'*&#*-"2-0#$(1$*&#*%':#"$%6'*1'(#81$*10(2"%&1&#$*#$(1&18#$*;*)0'%,%-18#$*#',1"/1&1$*&#*81*#8132"1T,%6'*&#* 82$* "#$-#,(%:2$*-81'#$*&#* %':#"$%6'P*1$Z*,2)2*#'* 81*#R#,0T,%6'P*#:1801,%6'*;*,2'("28*&#*23"1$P*-"2/"1)1$*$2,%18#$*;*$#":%,%2$-L38%,2$*#'* $0* R0"%$&%,,%6'U

EU <1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*#'* 82$*-"2,#$2$*#,2'6)%,2$*#$(%)081'&2* 81$*#gT-"#$%2'#$*&#*81*#,2'2)Z1*$2,%18P*(18#$*,2)2*,22-#"1(%:1$P*,1R1$*&#1V2""2P*)0(018#$*;*2("1$*>2")1$*1$2,%1(%:1$U

FU <1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#*82$*("131R1&2"#$*2*("131R1&2"1$*;*,2)0'%&1&#$#'* 81* /#$(%6'* &#* 81$* #)-"#$1$* -L38%,1$*)#&%1'(#*)#,1'%$)2$10(2/#$(%2'1"%2$* ;* ,2/#$(%2'1"%2$U

pU <1* ,"#1,%6'*&#*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$P* ,22-#"1(%:1$* ;* #)-"#$1$* ,2)0T'18#$* &#* $#":%,%2$P* ,2)2* >0#'(#$* /#'#"1&2"1$* &#* #)-8#2* ;* &#3%#'#$(1"* $2,%18P* -"2-#'&%#'&2* 1* $0* -#")1'#',%1*)#&%1'(#* #8&%$#\2*&#*-28Z(%,1$*#'* 81$* ,018#$*1Y0#881$* (#'/1'*-1"(%,%-1,%6'U

AU <1* ,"#1,%6'*&#*'0#:2$* $0R#(2$*&#*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*1*'%:#8*&#* 81$-1""2Y0%1$P* 81$*,2)0'%&1&#$P* 82$*31""%2$*;* 81$*:#,%'&1&#$*1* 82$* >%T'#$*&#*/1"1'(%N1"*#8*-"%',%-%2*&#* 81* ,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*#'* 81* /#$T(%6'*-L38%,1*&#*82$*/23%#"'2$*82,18#$*;*#$(1&18#$*;*&#$1""2881"*-"2T,#$2$*10(2/#$(%2'1"%2$*;*,2/#$(%2'1"%2$*#'*81*1&)%'%$("1,%6'*;*,2'T("28*&#* 82$* $#":%,%2$*-L38%,2$*#$(1&18#$* ;*)0'%,%-18#$U

?U <1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*#'*1,(%:%&1&#$*&#*1,#",1)%#'T(2*1*82$*#$(138#,%)%#'(2$*-#'18#$*;*&#*:%',081,%6'*&#*a$(2$*,2'*81-2381,%6'oU* [I"(U*D@F]


61

UEUE :>:<9@=';=->B;=A'"9'7A=;>I>-=->?;

!1"1*82/"1"*81*,2',"#,%6'*&#* >7&@:V@67&D@&5<C9@6?<&8<F;76B9D7&#'T("#* 81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*2"/1'%N1&1$*;* 81$*10(2"%&1&#$&&#* 82$*&%$(%'(2$*'%:#T8#$*-28Z(%,2T(#""%(2"%18#$* [F=?989;7>T& @:B7D7>& O&?789<?7>]*)#&%1'(#* 81* "#1T8%N1,%6'*&#8*S2&#82*j#&#"18*O22-#"1(%:2*;*&1"* ,0)-8%)%#'(2*1* 82*#$(1T38#,%&2*#'*#8*I"(Z,082*BGG*OKM+P*"#81(%:2*1*Y0#*#8*"a/%)#'*$2,%2#,2'6)%,2&#*81*K#-L38%,1*&#3#*#$(1"*2"%#'(1&2*1*E><5676&=?7&Y=:B7&D9:B69C=89U?&D@&>769I=@Z7&F@D97?B@&=?7&;>7?9V98789U?&@:B67BP5987&D@F<86JB987T&;76B989;7B9A7O&D@&8<?:=>B7&7C9@6B7KP*#'*#8*1\2*BCDC*$#*&%,(6*81*'#!"M)(-$+/&"1#"K%&$+6+2/&/+5$"KL4%+/&"!"K09:%&)"I'0999JpGP*#'* 81*,018*$#*#$(138#,#'=

ny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a$*&#*0'1*R0$(1*&%$("%30,%6'*&#*81"%Y0#N1*)#&%1'(#* 0'1* -81'%>%,1,%6'* #$("1(a/%,1P* &#)2,"X(%,1P-1"(%,%-1(%:1*;*&#*,2'$08(1*13%#"(1P*-1"1*81*,2'$("0,,%6'*&#*81*$2,%#T&1&*$2,%18%$(1*&#* R0$(%,%1*;*#Y0%&1&oU* [I"(U*D]

.#*&%$-2'#*#'*#$(#* %'$("0)#'(2* 8#/18* 81* ,"#1,%6'*&#8*C+.*#7&"N&/+0$&%1#"K%&$+6+/&/+5$P* ,2'* 82$*23R#(%:2$*&#=

n,2'("%30%"*1*81*2-(%)%N1,%6'*&#*82$*-"2,#$2$*&#*&#>%'%,%6'P*>2")0T81,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*;*#:1801,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$*#'*,1&1*0'2&#* $0$*'%:#8#$P* 1* 81*#>#,(%:%&1&P*#>%,1,%1*;*#>%,%#',%1*#'*#8*#)-8#2&#*82$*"#,0"$2$*-L38%,2$*&%"%/%&2$*1*81*,2'$#,0,%6'P*,22"&%'1,%6'*;1")2'%N1,%6'*&#* 82$*-81'#$P*-"2/"1)1$*;*-"2;#,(2$*-1"1* 81* ("1'$T>2")1,%6'*&#8*-1Z$P*1*("1:a$*&#*0'1*R0$(1*&%$("%30,%6'*&#*81*"%Y0#N1P)#&%1'(#*0'1*-81'%>%,1,%6'*#$("1(a/%,1P*&#)2,"X(%,1P*-1"(%,%-1(%:1;*&#*,2'$08(1*13%#"(1P*-1"1*#8*82/"2*&#*81$*)#(1$*#$(138#,%&1$*#'*#8!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'oU&[I"(U*@]

pG******71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUCDD*Hg("12"&UrBDTDBTBCDCU

Ulises Daal

62

H$(1'&2* %'(#/"1&2*#8* .%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'P*-2"=

Q %>&,<?:@Y<&\@D@67>&D@&R<C9@6?<LQ *<:&,<?:@Y<:&%:B7D7>@:&D@&[>7?9V98789U?&O&,<<6D9?789U?&D@&[<>HB987:

[QC>987:LQ *<:&,<?:@Y<:&*<87>@:&D@&[>7?9V98789U?&[QC>987LQ *<:& ,<?:@Y<:& D@& [>7?9V98789U?& ,<F=?7>& [,2""#$-2'&%#'(#$* 1* 81$

O2)0'1$]UQ *<:&,<?:@Y<:&,<F=?7>@:L[I"(U*DC]U

.#*#$(138#,#*1$%)%$)2P*Y0#* (2&2$*n82$*6"/1'2$*;*#'(#$*&#8*!2&#"!L38%,2*#'*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*>2")081,%6'*&#*$0$*-81'#$P*&#3#'*1"(%,081"*,2'82$*6"/1'2$*&#8*.%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'o*;*Y0#*(2&2$*#$2$*-81T'#$*&#3#'*#$(1"*#'*,2',2"&1',%1*,2'*82*#$(138#,%&2*#'*#8*!81'*&#*5#$1T""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'o*[I"(U*D?*<2---]P*-2"Y0#*81*-81'%>%T,1,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$*(%#'#*Y0#*"#$-2'&#"*1*0'*$%$(#)1*%'(#/"1T&2* &#* -81'#$* 2"%#'(1&2$* -2"* 82$* 8%'#1)%#'(2$* #$(138#,%&2$* #'* 81* 8#;P&#>%'%a'&2$#*18* "#$-#,(2* 82$* $%/0%#'(#$*-81'#$*#$("1(a/%,2$=

Q [>7?&D@&"@:766<>><&%8<?UF98<&O&'<897>&D@&>7&$789U?LQ [>7?&D@&"@:766<>><&3@59<?7>LQ [>7?&D@&"@:766<>><&%:B7D7>LQ [>7?&.=?989;7>&D@&"@:766<>><LQ [>7?& ,<F=?7>& D@& "@:766<>><& [,2""#$-2'&%#'(#* 18* X)3%(2* &#* 81

O2)0'1]UQ [>7?&,<F=?9B769<& [,2""#$-2'&%#'(#*1* 81*,2)0'%&1&*2"/1'%N1&1*#'

O2'$#R2*O2)0'18]UQ *<:&;>7?@:&@:B67BP598<:&D@&><:&U657?<:&O&@?B@:&D@>&[<D@6&[QC>98<LQ *<:&;>7?@:&:@8B<697>@:&@>7C<67D<:&;<6&><:&U657?<:&D@&>7&+DF9?9:B67S

89U?&[QC>987&$789<?7>L[I"(U*DG]U

9/018)#'(#P*#'*#8*1\2*BCDBP*#8*O2)1'&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#NP*)#&%1'(#<#;*W13%8%(1'(#*&%,(6*#8*D#/)#*0"/0$"O&$(0>"P&%0)"!"G:#),&"1#"'#!"M)(-$+/&


63

9&)&"%&"H#.*+5$";07:$+*&)+&"1#";079#*#$/+&.>"C#)8+/+0."!"M*)&."Q*)+4:/+02$#.ACP*Y0#*&#$1""2881* 82*&%$-0#$(2*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*D@F*OKM+P*18*#$(138#,#"=

n81$*'2")1$P*-"2,#&%)%#'(2$*;*)#,1'%$)2$*&#*("1'$>#"#',%1*&#*81/#$(%6'*;*1&)%'%$("1,%6'*&#* $#":%,%2$P*1,(%:%&1&#$P*3%#'#$*;* "#,0"T$2$P*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2*J1,%2'18*;*&#*81$*#'(%&1&#$*-28Z(%,2T(#""%(2T"%18#$P* 18*-0#382*2"/1'%N1&2P*#8* ,018* 81$*1$0)%"X*)#&%1'(#* 81* /#$T(%6'*&#*H)-"#$1$*O2)0'18#$*&#*!"2-%#&1&* .2,%18* &#* .#":%,%2$* ;$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$P*2*&#*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#*31$#*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*;&#)X$* >2")1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*&#* 81$*,2)0'%&1&#$oU* [I"(U*D]U5#*#$1*)1'#"1P* 81$*'2")1$*-1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8*S2&#82*j#&#"18

O22-#"1(%:2*;* 81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*-L38%,1P* $2'=

Q *@O&-65J?987&D@&[>7?9V98789U?&[QC>987&O&[<;=>76cQ *@O&-65J?987&D@>&,<?:@Y<&\@D@67>&D@&R<C9@6?<ADcQ *@O&-65J?987&D@&,6@789U?&D@&>7&,<F9:9U?&,@?B67>&D@&[>7?9V98789U?ABcQ *@O&D@& ><:&,<?:@Y<:& %:B7D7>@:&D@&[>7?9V98789U?& O&,<<6D9?789U?&D@

[<>HB987:&[QC>987:AEcQ *@O&D@&><:&,<?:@Y<:&*<87>@:&D@&[>7?9V98789U?&[QC>987AFnQ *@O&-65J?987&;767&>7&R@:B9U?&,<F=?9B7697&D@&,<F;@B@?897:T&'@6A9S

89<:&O&-B67:&+B69C=89<?@:L

H8*.%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*,2'$(%(0;#*#8*%'$("0)#'(2*>0'T&1)#'(18*-1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8*S2&#82*j#&#"18*O22-#"1(%:2*;*^1*-1"(%"&#* $0* %)-8#)#'(1,%6'^* 81*#&%>%,1,%6'*&#8* H$(1&2*O2)0'18* ,2)2* "#18%TN1,%6'*,2',"#(1*&#8*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1;*AH7&;767&>7&B67?:989U?&;78HV987&G7897&@>&:<897>9:F<P*-2"*,01'(2*-#")%(#=

Q <1* %)-8#)#'(1,%6'*&#*0'1*-28Z(%,1* &#*2"&#'1,%6'* ;* /#$(%6'*&#8(#""%(2"%2*31$1&1*#'* 81*$=@A7&R@<F@B6H7&D@>&[<D@6P*-1"1* ("1'$>2"T)1"* 81*n:%$%6'*&%:%$%2'%$(1P*-1",#81&1*;*,2',#'("1&1*&#8*!2&#"*&#8H$(1&2*V1,%1*'0#:1$*>2")1$*%'$(%(0,%2'18#$*$23"#*81*31$#*&#*81*-1"T

AC*****71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUC?G*Hg("12"&Ur*DpTCATBCDBUAD*****71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*pUGAE*Hg("12"&Ur*BBTCBTBCDCUAB*****71,#(1*e>%,%18*JÅ*EGUACF*r*B@TCDTBCDDUAE*****71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUCD?*Hg("12"&Ur*ECTDBTBCDCUAF*****71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUCD?*Hg("12"&Ur*ECTDBTBCDCU

Ulises Daal

64

(%,%-1,%6'* ,%0&1&1'1oc* ;*-2"* (1'(2P* n&#$1/"#/1&1*;*&#$,#'("18%N1T&1P*-#"2*2"/X'%,1P* ,2V#"#'(#*;*#>%,%#'(#oP* ,2'* 81* ,"#1,%6'*&#*#R#$,2)0'18#$P* ,2)0'1$P* N2'1$* &#* &#$1""2882P* #R#$* &#* &#$1""2882* ;,2""#&2"#$*-"2&0,(%:2$P*1"(%,081&2$*1* 82$*"9:B69B<:&.<B<6@:&D@&"@S:766<>><*;*1*82$*%Y@:&%:B67BP598<:&D@&"@:766<>><&(@669B<697>LAprAA

Q <1*1")2'%N1,%6'*;*,22"&%'1,%6'*#'* 81* >2")081,%6'*;*&#$1""2882*&#82$*-81'#$P*-"2/"1)1$*;*-"2;#,(2$*-1"1*81*("1'$>2")1,%6'*&#8*-1Z$*;81* R0$(1*&%$("%30,%6'*&#* 81* "%Y0#N1P*F@D97?B@&=?7&;>7?9V98789U?&@:SB67BP5987T&D@F<86JB987T&;76B989;7B9A7&O&D@&8<?:=>B7&7C9@6B7P*;767&@>><56<&D@&>7:&F@B7:&@:B7C>@89D7:&@?&@>&[>7?&D@&"@:766<>><&%8<?UF98<O&'<897>&D@&>7&$789U?L

Q H8* %)-08$2*&#8*H$(1&2*O2)0'18P*)#&%1'(#*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8*-"%',%T-%2*&#*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*$2,%18P*,2'* 81*1"(%,081,%6'*#'*#8*.%$(#)1J1,%2'18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*&#* 81$* %'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2* ;*#8!2&#"*!2-081"P*Y0#*1/%8%N1"X*81*1&Y0%$%,%6'*&#*#g-#"%#',%1*-2"*-1"T(#*&#* 81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*2"/1'%N1&1$*#'* 81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*&#*-28Z(%,1$-L38%,1$* ;P* #'* ,2'$#,0#',%1P* #8*-"2,#$2*&#* ("1'$>#"#',%1*&#* ,2)T-#(#',%1$*-1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#* 82$*10(2/23%#"'2$* ,2)0'18#$U<2*Y0#*,2'88#:1*1*Y0#*81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*-L38%,1*[>2")081,%6'P*#R#,0T

Ap******MK9OHÇe*SzJ5HiP*SIJhH<=*%>&%:B7D<&,<F=?7>L*K#-2"(#*&#*O2;0'(0"1*&#*81*O2)%T$%6'*!#")1'#'(#*&#*I)3%#'(#P*K#,0"$2$*J1(0"18#$*;*e"&#'1,%6'*b#""%(2"%18&#*81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18P*+28U*D?P*BCCGU

AA"""""D+.*)+*0"R0*0)"1#"D#.&))0%%0=*h'%&1&*(#""%(2"%18*Y0#*%'(#/"1*81$*:#'(1R1$*,2)T-1"1(%:1$*&#* 82$*&%>#"#'(#$*X)3%(2$*/#2/"X>%,2$*&#8* (#""%(2"%2*'1,%2'18P*#$T(138#,%&1*-1"1* 81* ,"#1,%6'P* ,2'$28%&1,%6'*;* >2"(18#,%)%#'(2*&#* 81$* ,1&#'1$-"2&0,(%:1$*#'*$0*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2P*)#&%1'(#*#8*%)-08$2*&#*0'*,2'R0'(2*&#-"2;#,(2$*#,2'6)%,2$P*$2,%18#$P*,%#'(Z>%,2$*;*(#,'286/%,2$P*&#$(%'1&2$*1*82T/"1"* #8* &#$1""2882* %'(#/"18* &#* 81$* "#/%2'#$* ;* #8* >2"(18#,%)%#'(2*&#8* !2&#"!2-081"U*[I"($U*A*;*EP*"#$-#,(%:1)#'(#P*&#*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18&#*723%#"'2*;*$0*K#/81)#'(2]U**3F#"1#"D#.&))0%%0"S#))+*0)+&%T"h'%&1&*(#""%(2"%18&#*,1"X,(#"*#$("0,(0"18*$0-"1T82,18P*1"(%,081&2"1*&#*81*2"/1'%N1,%6'*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"*;*&#* 81*&%$("%30,%6'*#$-1,%18*&#8*&#$1""2882*$0$(#'(138#P*#'&6/#'2*;$2,%18%$(1P* ,2'* 81* >%'18%&1&*&#*2-(%)%N1"* 81$*:#'(1R1$*,2)-1"1(%:1$* 82,18#$*;"#/%2'18#$P*82$*-81'#$*&#*%':#"$%6'*&#8*H$(1&2*#'*%'>"1#$("0,(0"1P*#Y0%-1)%#'(2;* $#":%,%2$P* 81* %)-81'(1,%6'*;*&#$1""2882*&#*,1&#'1$*-"2&0,(%:1$*;*#8* %'(#"T,1)3%2*&#*3%#'#$*;*$#":%,%2$U*[I"(U*DG*K#/81)#'(2*&#*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'T$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2]U


65

,%6'P* $#/0%)%#'(2* ;* ,2'("28*&#* 82$*-81'#$]* $#1*0'*-"2,#$2*-8#'1)#'(#%'(#/"1&2*#'("#* 82$*6"/1'2$*;*#'(#$*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2*;*&#* 82$*,%0&1&1T'2$* ;* ,%0&1&1'1$* 1* ("1:a$* &#* 82$* ,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'18#$P* ,2)0'1$* ;* $0$$%$(#)1$*&#*1/"#/1,%6'A?c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

5#*#$#*)2&2P*0'1*:#N*Y0#*$#*#',0#'("#*#'* (2(18* >0',%2'1)%#'(2#8*.%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'P*;*,2'*#882*#8*&#$1""2882*&#* 81*-81'%T>%,1,%6'*-1"(%,%-1(%:1P*81*>2")081,%6'*&#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'*[I"($U*D@?U@*;*BEAUD@*OKM+P*#'*,2""#$-2'&#',%1*,2'*#8I"(U*BGG*OKM+]P*&#3#*$#"*#8*"#$08(1&2*&#*81*1"(%,081,%6'*&#*(2&2$*82$*-81T'#$*&#"%:1&2$*&#* >7&@:V@67&D@&5<C9@6?<&8<F;76B9D7&@?B6@& >7:& 8<F=?9D7SD@:&O&7=B<69D7D@:&D@&><:&D9:B9?B<:&?9A@>@:&;<>HB98<SB@669B<697>@:=

Q b2&2$* 82$*!81'#$*O2)0'%(1"%2$* [&#* 82$*O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$]P* 1"(%T,081&2$*-2"*#8*O2'$#R2*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*O2)0'18P*-1"1*,2'>2")1"#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*O2)0'18* [&#* 81*O2)0'1]U

Q b2&2$*82$*!81'#$*&#*5#$1""2882*O2)0'18P*1"(%,081&2$*-2"*#8*O2'$#TR2*<2,18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*!L38%,1P*-1"1*,2'>2")1"*#8*!81'*S0'%,%-18&#*5#$1""2882U

Q b2&2$*82$*!81'#$*S0'%,%-18#$*&#*5#$1""2882P*1"(%,081&2$*-2"*#8*O2'T$#R2*H$(1&18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*;*O22"&%'1,%6'*&#*!28Z(%,1$*!L38%,1$P-1"1*,2'>2")1"*#8*!81'*H$(1&18*&#*5#$1""2882U

A?* * * *I"(U*?*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*!L38%,1*;*!2-081"UA@* * * *JÉÇHi*SeK<H.P*Of.beK=*$=@A7& >@59:>789U?&A@?@Z<>7?7&:<C6@&@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76L

H&%,%2'#$*9'(#",1)3%2*O2)0'%(1"%2P*OUIU*O2"2P*BCDDU*-U*FBUAG******MK9OHÇe*SzJ5HiP*SIJhH<U*{-U*O%(U

Ulises Daal

66

Q _P* (2&2$* 82$*!81'#$*H$(1&18#$P*5%$("%(18#$* ;*K#/%2'18#$*&#*5#$1""2T882P* 1"(%,081&2$*-2"*#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2P*-1"1* ,2'>2"T)1"* 81*-"2-0#$(1*&#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#* 81J1,%6'P*1*$#"*-"#$#'(1&1*1*81*,2'$%&#"1,%6'*&#8*HR#,0(%:2*J1,%2'18U

UEXE'"9:-9;<8=A>T=->?;

UEXEHE'"9:-9;<8=A>T=->?;' 7D;<BI>N>:<="<1*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*1-8%,1&1*18*>%'18*&#*81*9+*K#-L38%,1P*(1'*18131T

&1*-2"* 82$* $#,(2"#$*2-2$%,%2'%$(1$P*'2* >0#*)X$*Y0#*0'1* "#1,,%6'*&#* 81$a8%(#$* &2)%'1'(#$* -1"1* %'(#'(1"* $18:1"* 0'*)2&#82* &#* $2,%#&1&* ;1&#$8#/%(%)1&2* %'$(%(0,%2'18* ;* >0',%2'18)#'(#P* -2"Y0#* 10'* ,01'&2* 81O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*DGAD*#$(138#,Z1*#'*$0*1"(Z,082*B*Y0#*81*K#-L38%,1*&#*+#T'#N0#81*#"1*=?&%:B7D<& V@D@67>P* #$(1*&%$-2$%,%6'* (#'Z1*0'* $#'(%&2*)#"1T)#'(#*&#,81"1(%:2P*#$(138#,%a'&2$#*#'*"#18%&1&*0'*,#'("18%$)2*&#*a8%(#$-1"(%&%$(1$* [-"%',%-18)#'(#*&#*I5* ;*O2-#%]* Y0#*&#$&#* $0$* &%"#,,%2'#$'1,%2'18#$P*#'*,2''%:#',%1*,2'* 81*,L-081*#)-"#$1"%18*&#*j#&#,X)1"1$?CP8#* %)-2'Z1'*1"3%("1"%1)#'(#*$0$*&#,%$%2'#$*18*-0#382P*Y0%#'*$682*$#*#'T(#"131*&#*#881$*,01'&2*,2)#'N131*1*$0>"%"*$0$*,2'$#,0#',%1$U

?C******.%/81$*&#*81*j#&#"1,%6'*&#*OX)1"1$*;*I$2,%1,%2'#$*&#*O2)#",%2*;*!"2&0,,%6'&#*+#'#N0#81U*e"/1'%N1,%6'*#)-"#$1"%18* >0'&1&1*#'*DGFFP*&#$&#* 81*,018*#8#)-"#$1"%1&2*#R#",Z1*&2)%'%2*$23"#*#8*-2&#"*-28Z(%,2*&#8*-1Z$P*1*("1:a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b18* ,2)2* 81*-"2-%1*2"/1'%N1T,%6'*$#*"#,2'2,#=*E\%"%,+.+3+'&?789U&8<?&@>&<CY@B9A<&;69?89;7>&D@&D@V@?D@6&O;6<F<89<?76&>7&>9C6@&@F;6@:7T&D@V@?D9@?D<&@>&D@:766<>><&O&>7&D9A@6:9V98789U?&D@>7&@8<?<FH7&?789<?7>T&C7:7D<&@?&@>&:9:B@F7&D@&>7&@F;6@:7&;69A7D7&O&D@&>7&>9C6@9?9897B9A7K=*V((-=rr>#&#,1)1"1$U2"/U:#rV%$(2"%1r>0'&1,%2'T;T#:280,%2'U


67

S#&%1'(#*#$#*,#'("18%$)2*&#*a8%(#$P*82$*/23#"'1&2"#$*>0#"2'*&#T$%/'1&2$* -2"* #8* !"#$%&#'(#* &#* 81* K#-L38%,1* V1$(1* DG@GP* -#"2* 1'(#* 81#:%&#',%1*&#8*1/2(1)%#'(2*&#8*)2&#82*,01"(2""#-038%,1'2*;*81*,"#,%#'T(#* -"#$%6'* &#* 82$* $#,(2"#$* -2-081"#$* #'* &#)1'&1* &#* R0$(%,%1* $2,%18P,0;1*)Xg%)1*#g-"#$%6'* 81*,2'$(%(0;#'* 82$* $0,#$2$*&#* >#3"#"2*&#*DG@G,2'2,%&2$*,2)2*@>&,76787Z<?DP*#$1$*a8%(#$*^-2"* %'&%,1,%6'*1&#)X$*&#8j2'&2*S2'#(1"%2* 9'(#"'1,%2'18*[jS9]*;*#8*M1',2*S0'&%18* [MS]^*"#,0T""#'*1* 81*#8#,,%6'*&%"#,(1*&#*/23#"'1&2"#$*;*18,18&#$P*&#$#)-28:1'&2&#* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'* ,01"(2""#-038%,1'1* [~B@* 1\2$*&#$-0a$�]* 81$* &%$-2$%T,%2'#$*&#8*1"(Z,082*BB=*n<1* 8#;*-2&"X*#$(138#,#"* 81* >2")1*&#*#8#,,%6'*;"#)2,%6'*&#*82$*/23#"'1&2"#$P*&#*1,0#"&2*,2'*82$*-"%',%-%2$*,2'$1/"1T&2$*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*EÅ*&#*#$(1*O2'$(%(0,%6'o*oE%>&5<C9@6?<&D@&>7&3@;QC>987D@&2@?@Z=@>7&@:&O&:@6J&:9@F;6@&D@F<86JB98<T& 6@;6@:@?B7B9A<T& 6@:;<?:7SC>@&O&7>B@6?7B9A<K=*I"(U*E]c*;*-1"1*%)-8#)#'(1"*81*)18*881)1&1*&#$,#'("1T8%N1,%6'P*1-#81'*18*1"(Z,082*DE?=

nH8* ,2'/"#$2P*-2"*#8*:2(2*&#* 81$*&2$* (#",#"1$*-1"(#$*&#* 82$*)%#)T3"2$*&#*,1&1*OX)1"1P*-2&"X*1("%30%"*1*82$*#$(1&2$*2*82$*)0'%,%-%2$&#(#")%'1&1$*)1(#"%1$*&#* 81* ,2)-#(#',%1*'1,%2'18P* 1* >%'*&#*-"2T)2:#"* 81* &#$,#'("18%N1,%6'* 1&)%'%$("1(%:1oU?B

5#*#$1*)1'#"1P*#'*DG@G*^1&#)X$*&#*"#,0""%"$#*1*81*#8#,,%6'*&%T"#,(1* &#* /23#"'1&2"#$* ;* 18,18&#$P* -1"1* 82* ,018* $#* 1-"0#31* 81* <#;* &#H8#,,%6'*;*K#)2,%6'*&#*723#"'1&2"#$*;*$#*"#>2")1*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8

?D*******<#:1'(1)%#'(2*-2-081"*$%'*&%"#,,%6'*2"/X'%,1*['2*$#*,2'2,#*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'-28Z(%,1*2*$2,%18*Y0#*82*V1;1*%)-08$1&2]P*2,0""%&2*82$*&Z1$*B?*;*B@*&#*>#3"#"2&#*DG@G*,2'("1*81$*)#&%&1$*#,2'6)%,1$*'#28%3#"18#$*%)-8#)#'(1&1$*-2"*#8/23%#"'2*&#*O1"82$*I'&"a$*!a"#NU* <1$*-"2(#$(1$* $#* %'%,%1"2'*#'*701"#'1$[#$(1&2*S%"1'&1]P*0'1*,%0&1&*-"6g%)1*1*O1"1,1$P*81*,1-%(18*&#*81*K#-L38%,1P#'*81*,018*(1)3%a'*$#*-"2&0R#"2'*V#,V2$*$%)%81"#$*#8*)%$)2*&Z1*B?P*1$Z*,2)2#'*2("1$*,%0&1&#$*&#8*-1Z$U*<1*"#-"#$%6'*2"&#'1&1*-2"*#8*/23%#"'2*#8*&Z1*B@P,2'*81*-28%,Z1*;*81$*j0#"N1$*I")1&1$*&#*81*a-2,1P*&#R6*0'*$18&2*&#*)0#"(#$Y0#*$#*,18,081'*V1$(1*#'*EUpCCU*O2'$(%(0;6*81*-"%)#"1*1,,%6'*#'*#8*)0'&2*&#/"1'*)1/'%(0&*,2'("1*#8*'#28%3#"18%$)2*#* %)-08$6* 81$* "#3#8%2'#$*)%8%(1"#$&#8*F*&#*>#3"#"2*;*#8*B?*&#*'2:%#)3"#*&#*DGGBP*8%&#"1&1$*-2"*#8*O2)1'&1'(#W0/2*OVX:#NP*Y0#*&#,"#(6*#8*>%'*&#*81*9+*"#-L38%,1*;*#8*)2&#82*-0'(2>%R%$(1U

?B* * * * O2'$(%(0,%6'* J1,%2'18* &#* 81* K#-L38%,1* &#* +#'#N0#81* [DGAD]=V((-=rrxxxU($RU/2:U:#r8#/%$81,%2'r,2'$(%(0,%2'DGADU-&>

Ulises Daal

68

Ka/%)#'*S0'%,%-18^* $#* &%,(1* 81* <#;*e"/X'%,1* &#*5#$,#'("18%N1,%6'P5#8%)%(1,%6'* ;* b"1'$>#"#',%1* &#*O2)-#(#',%1$* &#8* .#,(2"* !L38%,2=

n-1"1*-"2)2:#"*81*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*1&)%'%$("1(%:1P*&#8%)%(1"*,2)T-#(#',%1$* #'("#* #8* !2&#"*J1,%2'18* ;* 82$* #$(1&2$P* &#(#")%'1"* 81$>0',%2'#$*&#*82$*/23#"'1&2"#$*,2)2*1/#'(#$*&#8*HR#,0(%:2*J1,%2T'18P*&#(#")%'1"* 81$* >0#'(#$*&#* %'/"#$2$*&#* 82$*#$(1&2$P* ,22"&%'1"82$*-81'#$*1'018#$*&#*%':#"$%6'*&#*81$*H'(%&1&#$*j#&#"18#$*,2'*82$Y0#* "#18%,#*#8* HR#,0(%:2*J1,%2'18*#'*#881$* ;* >1,%8%(1"* 81* ("1'$>#"#'T,%1*&#*81*-"#$(1,%6'*&#*82$*$#":%,%2$*&#8*!2&#"*J1,%2'18*1* 82$*#$(1T&2$o* [I"(U*D]?EU*b1'*,%#"(2*#$*Y0#*81*"#18%N1,%6'*&#*81$*#8#,,%2'#$*&%"#,(1$*&#*18,18T

&#$*;*/23#"'1&2"#$*&#*DG@G*>0#*0'1*)#&%&1*&#$#$-#"1&1*&#*81$*a8%(#$*&#81*9+*K#-L38%,1*-1"1*%'(#'(1"*$18:1"*#8*)2&#82*1'(#*81*-"#$%6'*&#*82$*$#,T(2"#$*-2-081"#$*&#8*-1Z$P*Y0#*0'2*&#*82$*)X$*,2''2(1&2$*1"/0)#'(1&2"#$;*3#'#>%,%1"%2$*&#8*-0'(2>%R%$)2P*I881'*M"#x#"*O1"Z1$P*1$Z* 82*"#,2'2,#*#'DGGp=*n82$*/23#"'1&2"#$*;*18,18&#$*#8#,(2$*$2'*V%R2$*&#8*B?*&#*>#3"#"2*&#DG@GP*;*#$(1*>0#* 81*"1N6'*-1"1*Y0#*#'*#$#*1\2*>0#"1* %'&%$-#'$138#*#$(1T38#,#"* 81*#8#,,%6'*&%"#,(1*&#* 81$*10(2"%&1&#$*-"2:%',%18#$* ;* 82,18#$oU?F

<1* &#$,#'("18%N1,%6'* ,01"(2""#-038%,1'1P* -"#$#'(1&1* ,2)2*0'1-28Z(%,1*&#*78@687F9@?B<&D@>&;<D@6&7>&;=@C><P*(#'Z1*,2)2*>%'18%&1&*%'(#'T(1"* $18:1"*#8*)2&#82*-0'(2>%R%$(1P* ,2)2*;1* $#*&%R2P* ;* 1* 81* :#N*^1-"2:#T,VX'&2$#*&#* 81* -"2(#$(1* -2-081"* >"#'(#* 1* #$#* $%$(#)1*&#* #g,80$%6'^,0)-8%"* 82$*)1'&1(2$*&#8* jS9* ;* #8*MS*&#* %)-8#)#'(1"*0'*-"2,#$2*&#-"%:1(%N1,%6'*&#* 82$* $#":%,%2$*-L38%,2$* #'*+#'#N0#81P* -"#$#'(1&2* ,2)2>2")1*-1"1*V1,#"*)X$*#>%,%#'(#*$0*-"#$(1,%6'U*I$ZP* $#* ("1'$>%"%#"2'*1* 82$#$(1&2$* "#$-2'$13%8%&1&#$*#'* $#":%,%2$* ,2)2* 81* $180&P* :%18%&1&P*-0#"(2$P1#"2-0#"(2$yP*1*$13%#'&1$*&#*Y0#*-2"*$Z*$281$*81$*/23#"'1,%2'#$*'2*#$(1T"Z1'*#'* ,1-1,%&1&*&#*1(#'&#"82$P*-2"* 82*Y0#*a$(1$* ,2)#'N1"2'*1* ,"#1"%'$(%(0(2$*10(6'2)2$*,2'*,1-1,%&1&*8#/18*-1"1*("1'$>#"%"*1*#)-"#$1$*-"%T:1&1$P*)#&%1'(#* ,2',#$%2'#$P* 81$* ("1'$>#"#',%1$*Y0#* 8#$*V13Z1'*2(2"/1T&2*&#$&#*#8*'%:#8* ,#'("18U

?E****71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*FUDpErB@TDBTDG@GU?F*******MKHmHK*OIK}I.P*I<<IJ=*%>&\@D@67>9:F<&@?&>7&G9:B<697&;<>HB987&A@?@Z<>7?7U*!"2:%',%1U

K#:%$(1*&#8*O#'("2*93#"21)#"%,1'2*&#*H$(0&%2$*!"2:%',%18#$*;*<2,18#$P*JÅ*DUSa"%&1P* &%,%#)3"#* DGGpU* --U* DGTB?U* b1)3%a'=* V((-=rrxxxU$13#"U081U:#r3%($("#1)rDBEFpA?@GrBEEFArDr1"(%,082AU-&>


69

!2"*82*(1'(2P*0'1*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*1$Z*,2',#3%&1*(#")%'6*-2"*,2'T$28%&1"*81$*28%/1"Y0Z1$*#$(1&18#$*;*82,18#$P*81$*,018#$*10)#'(1"2'*$0$*3#T'#>%,%2$* 1* ("1:a$* &#* 81$* '#/2,%1,%2'#$* ,2'* 81$* 30"2,"1,%1$* #$(1&18#$* ;)0'%,%-18#$P*)%#'("1$* 82$* $#,(2"#$*-2-081"#$P*Y0#*1'(#$*&#*#$1*)18* 881T)1&1*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*#"1'*1>#,(1&2$*-2"*#8*&#(#"%2"2*#*%'#>%,%#',%1*&#82$* $#":%,%2$*-L38%,2$P* $#* :%#"2'* 80#/2*238%/1&2$*1*-1$1"*^&#*,2'("%30T;#'(#$^*1* ,8%#'(#$*&#* 81$*#)-"#$1$* ,2',#$%2'1"%1$U

I0'1&2*1* 82* 1'(#"%2"P* 81* -28Z(%,1*&#* 81* &#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*&#* 81* 9+K#-L38%,1P*18* $#"* %)-8#)#'(1&1*&#*1,0#"&2*,2'* 82$* 8%'#1)%#'(2$*&#* 82$2"/1'%$)2$* >%'1',%#"2$* %)-#"%18#$P* #$(131*2"%#'(1&1*1*&#3%8%(1"* 81* 0'%T&1&*'1,%2'18*&#8*H$(1&2*:#'#N281'2P*18*-"#>%/0"1"*10(2'2)Z1$*#$(1&18#$-2"*#',%)1*&#8* %'(#"a$*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1* [&#* (2&2*#8*-0#382*:#'#N281'2]P,2'*81*,81"1*-"#(#'$%6'*&#*-"2&0,%"*#8*&#$)#)3"1)%#'(2*&#8*-1Z$*;*>1,%T8%(1"* #8* 1-2&#"1)%#'(2* &#* '0#$("1$* "%Y0#N1$* -2"* -1"(#* &#* 81$("1'$'1,%2'18#$P*-"%',%-18)#'(#*&#*'0#$("1* "#$#":1*-#("28#"1U

UEXELE '"9:-9;<8=A>T=->?;' 3BA>V=8>=;=O01'&2*82$*2-2$%,%2'%$(1$*0$1'*,2)2*1"/0)#'(2*#8*S2&#82*j#&#"18

&#$,#'("18%N1&2*#$(138#,%&2*#'*#8* 1"(Z,082*F*&#* 81*OKM+P*-1"1*1,0$1"*&#%',2'$(%(0,%2'18#$*1*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*;*81$*-28Z(%,1$*&#8*723%#"T'2*M28%:1"%1'2*&#*("1'$>#"#',%1*&%"#,(1*&#*"#,0"$2$*1* 81$*,2)0'%&1&#$P* 82V1,#'*%'(#"#$1&1)#'(#*1',81&2$*#'*81*,2',#-,%6'*,01"(2""#-038%,1'1P*Y0#$682*"#,2'2,Z1*,2)2*$0R#(2$*&#*81*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*1*81$*/23#"'1,%2'#$;*18,18&Z1$P*,01'&2* 82*Y0#*&%$-2'#*#$#*1"(Z,082*#$*^,2)2*;1*>0#*"#>#"%T&2^=* n<1*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81*#$*0'*H$(1&2* >#&#"18*&#$T,#'("18%N1&2oP*-#"2* n#'* 82$* (a")%'2$* ,2'$1/"1&2$*#'*#$(1*O2'$(%(0,%6'o['2*#'*81*&#*DGAD]c*;*Y0#*#$#*H$(1&2*j#&#"18*n$#*"%/#*-2"*82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#%'(#/"%&1&* (#""%(2"%18P* ,22-#"1,%6'P* $28%&1"%&1&P* ,2',0""#',%1* ;,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&oU*I&#)X$P* ,2)2*$#*#g-"#$1*#'* 81*Hg-2$%,%6'*&#*S2T(%:2$*&#*81*OKM+P*$#*("1(1*&#=*nh'*)2&#82*>#&#"18*,22-#"1(%:2P*#'*#8*Y0#81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$* ;* 10(2"%&1&#$*&#* 82$*&%$(%'(2$*'%:#8#$*-28Z(%,2T(#""%(2T"%18#$*-1"(%,%-1'*#'* 81* >2")1,%6'*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$* ,2)0'#$*1* 81J1,%6'P*%'(#/"X'&2$#*#'*0'1*#$>#"1*&#*/23%#"'2*,2)-1"(%&1*-1"1*#8*#R#"T,%,%2*&#*81$*,2)-#(#',%1$*#'*Y0#*,2',0""#'oc*;*&#*#$1*)1'#"1=*n81*1,,%6'&#*/23%#"'2*&#* 82$*)0'%,%-%2$P* &#* 82$*#$(1&2$* ;*&#8* !2&#"*J1,%2'18* $#1")2'%N1*;* ,22"&%'1P*-1"1*/1"1'(%N1"* 82$* >%'#$*&#8*H$(1&2*:#'#N281'2*18$#":%,%2*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&oU

Ulises Daal

70

.%#'&2*#'(2',#$*Y0#*#'*'0#$("2*-1Z$*^,2)2*(1)3%a'*$#*&%R2^*#8#R#",%,%2*&#*81$*>0',%2'#$*&#*/23%#"'2*'2*$2'*#g,80$%:1$*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%T,2P*$%'2*(1)3%a'*&#*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*[#g-"#$%6'*2"/1'%N1(%:1*&#*81*-1"(%T,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*,28#,(%:1]*-1"1*18,1'N1"*@>&V9?&:=;6@F<*,2'$(%(0,%2'18==?7&:<89@D7D&D@F<86JB987T&;76B989;7B9A7&O&;6<B75U?987P*)#&%1'(#* 81*#&%T>%,1,%6'*&#8*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1*[I"(U*BOKM+]P* Y0#* $#* $0$(#'(1*#'*#8* #R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#* 81* $23#"1'Z1*-2-081"[I"(U*p*OKM+]U

O2)2*$2-2"(#*1* 82*1'(#"%2"P*$#*&%$-2'#*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*AB*OKM+P*Y0#nb2&2$* 82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*(%#'#'*#8*&#"#,V2*&#*-1"(%,%-1"* 8%3"#T)#'(#*#'*82$*1$0'(2$*-L38%,2$oc*$%#'&2*#$1*n-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#8*-0#382*#'*81>2")1,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*;*,2'("28*&#* 81*/#$(%6'*-L38%,1*uyw*#8*)#&%2*'#,#$1T"%2*-1"1*82/"1"*#8*-"2(1/2'%$)2*Y0#*/1"1'(%,#*$0*,2)-8#(2*&#$1""2882P*(1'T(2*%'&%:%&018*,2)2*,28#,(%:2oc*;*Y0#*n%:&<C>95789U?&D@>&%:B7D<&O&D@C@6&D@&>7:<89@D7D* >1,%8%(1"* 81*/#'#"1,%6'*&#*81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*)X$*>1:2"138#$*-1"1*$0-"X,(%,1oc*)%#'("1$*Y0#*#'*#8* 1"(Z,082*?C*OKM+P* "#81(%:2*1* ><:&F@D9<:&D@;76B989;789U?&O&;6<B75<?9:F<&D@>&;=@C><&@?&@Y@68989<&D@& :=& :<C@67?H7P* $#&%$-2'#*Y0#*n*7&>@O&@:B7C>@8@6J&>7:&8<?D989<?@:&-1"1*#8*#>#,(%:2*>0',%2'1T)%#'(2*&#* 82$*)#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-"#:%$(2$*#'*#$(#*1"(Z,082oU

I0'*,01'&2* (2&1:Z1*'2*#$(X*#'*-8#'2* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*#8* .%$(#)1J1,%2'18* &#* !81'%>%,1,%6'P* #8* 723%#"'2* M28%:1"%1'2* V1* /1"1'(%N1&2* 81("1$>#"#',%1*&#*"#,0"$2$P*'2*$682*1*81$*#'(%&1&#$*>#&#"18#$*#$(1&18#$*[BF];*)0'%,%-18#$* [EEp]P* Y0#* $0)1'* 81$* EpG* %'$(1',%1$*V#"#&1&1$*&#* 81* 9+K#-L38%,1* [,2'(#)-81&1$* ,2)2*3#'#>%,%1"%1$*&#* 81*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*#'#8*1"(Z,082*D@p*OKM+*;*#'*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"T'2]P* $%'2* (1)3%a'*1* 81$* %'$(1',%1$*2"/1'%N1(%:1$*&#8*-0#382P*-2"Y0#* 81$)%$)1$* ,2'$(%(0;#'* %/018)#'(#* $0R#(2$*3#'#>%,%1"%2$*&#8* -"2,#$2*&#$T,#'("18%N1,%6'*;* ("1'$>#"#',%1*&#*,2)-#(#',%1$P* ,2)2* 82*&%$-2'#*#8*I"(UD@FUA*OKM+=

n<1*8#;*,"#1"X*)#,1'%$)2$*13%#"(2$*;*>8#g%38#$*-1"1*uyw*'&"/)#&/+5$1#"$:#80.".:F#*0."1#"1#./#$*)&%+,&/+5$"&"$+8#%"1#"%&."9&))0A:+&.>%&."/07:$+1&1#.>"%0."4&))+0."!"%&."8#/+$1&1#.*1*82$*>%'#$*&#*/1"1'T(%N1"*#8*-"%',%-%2*&#*81*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*#'*81*/#$(%6'*-L38%,1*&#82$* /23%#"'2$* 82,18#$* ;* #$(1&18#$* ;* &#$1""2881"* -"2,#$2$10(2/#$(%2'1"%2$* ;* ,2/#$(%2'1"%2$* #'* 81* 1&)%'%$("1,%6'* ;* ,2'("28&#* 82$* $#":%,%2$*-L38%,2$*#$(1&18#$* ;*)0'%,%-18#$oU


71

<1$* %'$(1',%1$*&#*10(2/23%#"'2*,2)0'18#$*;*$0$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2T,%18#$*$0)131'*18*,%#""#*&#8*BCDDP*81*,1'(%&1&*&#*GBUp?D*[FDU@FF*,2'$#R2$,2)0'18#$*;*pCU?B?*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%18#$]P*-2"*82*Y0#*&#*82$*EpG*$0R#(2$&#*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*"#,2'2,%&2$*18*>%'18*&#*81*9+*K#-L38%,1*[/23#"'1,%2'#$;*18,18&Z1$]*$#*-1$6*1*GBUGEC*$0R#(2$*&#*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'P*,%>"1*Y0#*$#/0%"X%',"#)#'(X'&2$#*#'* 81*)#&%&1*Y0#* $#* ,2'(%'L#'*,2'$(%(0;#'&2* 81$* %'$T(1',%1$*&#*10(2/23%#"'2*,2)0'%(1"%1$*;*,2)0'18#$U

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p*)%8*?DA*328Z:1"#$U*K#,0"$2$P*Y0#*$%*#'*80/1"*&#*("1'$>#"%"$#*&%"#,(1T)#'(#* 1* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$* ;* $0$* 2"/1'%N1,%2'#$P* $#* V03%#$#* V#,V2* 1("1:a$*&#*81$*/23#"'1,%2'#$*;* 81$*18,18&Z1$P* 81*)1;2"*-1"(#*&#*#882$*V0T3%#$#*%&2*1*-1"1"*1*81$*,0#'(1$*31',1"%1$*&#*82$*-"2-%#(1"%2$*&#*#)-"#T$1$* -"%:1&1$*^)#&%1'(#* ,2'("1(1,%2'#$* -1"1* 81* #R#,0,%6'*&#* 23"1$* ;-"#$(1,%6'*&#* $#":%,%2$^*#'* 80/1"*&#* %':#"(%"$#* (2(18)#'(#*#'*3#'#>%T,%2*&#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$U

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n,2)2* #R#* ,#'("18* 1* 82$* -2&#"#$* -L38%,2$* $%'2* 18* #$Y0#)1* &#,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*#'* 81* >2")1,%6'*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$*;* 82$*-81'#$&#*&#$1""2882* ,2'*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-2-081"o?p* oE8<F<&5767?BH7&D@>& @Y@68989<;>@?<&D@&>7&:<C@67?H7&;<;=>76&V6@?B@&7&8=7>I=9@6&9?B@?B<&D@&>7:&<>9576I=H7:?789<?7>@:&O&6@59<?7>@:&D@&8<?8@?B676T&8@?B67>9Z76&O&F<?<;<>9Z76&@>&;<D@6

?p*JÉÇHi*SeK<H.P*OI.beKU*{-U*O%(U*-U*EEU

Ulises Daal

72

;<>HB98<&O&@8<?UF98<&D@& >7&$789U?&O&D@& >7:& 6@59<?@:K?A]P*1$#/0"1'&2*1* 81:#N*Y0#*81*D@:8<?8@?B6789U?&D@>&;<D@6*$#1*2"/X'%,1P*,2V#"#'(#*;*#>%,%#'T(#P* 18* "#/%"$#* n-2"* 82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#* %'(#/"%&1&* (#""%(2"%18P* ,22-#"1,%6'P$28%&1"%&1&P* ,2',0""#',%1* ;* ,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&oU??

UEXEUE'A=:' -B@D;>"="9:' V9;9TBA=;=:' 9;' A='89VBAD->?;

' '3BA>V=8>=;=

<1*#g-#"%#',%1*&#*/#$(%6'*,2)0'%(1"%1*Y0#*$#*1&#81'(1*#'*#8*-1Z$1*-1"(%"*&#*81*:%/#',%1*&#*81*OKM+P*V1*V#,V2*Y0#*81*$%(01,%6'*1,(018*#'*81$,2)0'%&1&#$* :#'#N281'1$* $#1*)0;*&%>#"#'(#* 1* 81* Y0#*#g%$(%6* &0"1'(#81* 9+*K#-L38%,1U*5%>#"#',%1*Y0#* ,2)%#'N1P*-"#,%$1)#'(#P*-2"Y0#*1'(#$&#* 81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1*'2*#g%$(Z1* 81*-2$%3%8%&1&*&#*Y0#* 81$*,2)0T'%&1&#$*&#$1""2881"1'*&#*)1'#"1*&%"#,(1*2*)#&%1'(#*,2/#$(%6'P*1,(%:%T&1&#$*&#*-"#$(1,%6'*&#*$#":%,%2$P*#R#,0,%6'*&#*23"1$*;*,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#@F;6@:7:& D@& ;6<;9@D7D& :<897>& 8<F=?7>& [*7&;76B989;789U?&D96@8B7& D@& >75@?B@&@?&>7&B<F7&D@&D@89:9<?@:&;767&>7&:<>=89U?&D@&:=:&;6<C>@F7:&O&><:D@& :=& 8<F=?9D7D?@]P* Y0#* $#* #g-"#$1'*#'* 82$* ,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'18#$* ;* 81$,2)0'1$* ,2'* $0$* 2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* ;* $#":%,%2$=* O2)%(a$*&#* b%#""1$*h"31T'1$P*O2)%(a$*&#*.180&P*S#$1$*ba,'%,1$*&#*I/01P*S#$1$*ba,'%,1$*&#*H'#"T/Z1P* I)3081(2"%2$* M1""%2*I&#'("2P*S%$%2'#$* .2,%18#$P* O2)%(a$* &#*I8%T)#'(1,%6'* ;*5#>#'$1*&#8* O2'$0)%&2"P* O#'("2$*&#*5%1/'6$(%,2* 9'(#/"18[O59]P*S#",18P* O1$1$* &#*I8%)#'(1,%6'P* 9'>2,#'("2$P* I8&#1$*h'%:#"$%(1T"%1$P*)#&%2$* &#* ,2)0'%,1,%6'* ,2)0'%(1"%2$P* #)-"#$1$* &#* -"2-%#&1&$2,%18*,2)0'18P*!"2;#,(2$*&#*b"1'$>2")1,%6'*9'(#/"18*&#8*WX3%(1(*[b9W]P#'("#*)0,V1$*2("1$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$U

I*#$(#*"#$-#,(2P*31$(#*,2'*"#>#"%"*1Y0Z*$682*&2$*#g-#"%#',%1$P*,2)281*&#*81$*S#$1$*ba,'%,1$*&#*I/01*;*81*&#*82$*!"2;#,(2$*&#*b"1'$>2")1,%6'9'(#/"18*&#8*WX3%(1(P*-1"1*#:%&#',%1"* 82*Y0#*V1* $%/'%>%,1&2*-1"1*#8*&#$1T""2882*&#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*:#'#N281'1$*;*#8*3%#'#$(1"*&#* $0$*V13%(1'(#$81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ,2)0'%(1"%1*#'* 81* /#$(%6'*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$P*Y0#,2'$(%(0;#'*-"0#31* %""#>0(138#*&#8* 1:1',#*&#* 81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1=

?A*****I"(U*E*K#/81)#'(2*&#*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2U??******I"(U*F*OKM+U?@****HSTOKM+P*$23"#*#8*b%(082*999P*O1-Z(082*+=*5#*82$*&#"#,V2$*$2,%18#$*;*&#*81$

>1)%8%1$U


73

Q .@:7:&(P8?987:&D@&+5=7W&7"1,%1$*1*#$(1$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$P*+#'#N0#T81* 82/"6* $23"#-1$1"* 81*)#(1*&#8*)%8#'%2* $23"#*#8* 1,,#$2* 18* 1/01-2(138#*1'(#$*&#* 81* >#,V1*#$(138#,%&1* [6@D=896&7& >7&F9B7DT&;767&@>hfbg&>7&;6<;<689U?&D@&;@6:<?7:&:9?&788@:<&7>&75=7&;<B7C>@]P*;1*Y0#-1"1*#8*BCDB* 81*,23#"(0"1*&#8*$#":%,%2*18,1'N6*18*G@Ä*&#* 81*-2381T,%6'c* ;*'2*7&=?7&D9:B7?897&FH?9F7&D@&hff&F@B6<:&D@& >7& A9A9@?D7,2)2*#$(138#,#*81*e"/1'%N1,%6'*!1'1)#"%,1'1*&#*.180&*[e!.]P*$%'2&%"#,(1)#'(#*#'* ,1&1*V2/1"* :#'#N281'2U

Q [6<O@8B<:& D@& (67?:V<6F789U?& 0?B@567>& D@>& NJC9B7B=* 5#8* (2(18* &#EFAU?G@*:%:%#'&1$*,2'$("0%&1$*#'*#8*-1Z$*1*("1:a$*&#*81*R67?&.9:9U?29A9@?D7&2@?@Z=@>7*&#$&#*13"%8*&#*BCDD*V1$(1*&%,%#)3"#*&#*BCDBP#8* !2&#"*!L38%,2* ,2'$("0;6*BpCUpE?*0'%&1&#$*V13%(1,%2'18#$* ;*#8$#,(2"*-"%:1&2*GAUBADc*-#"2*$23"#*#8*)2'(2*&#*:%:%#'&1$*,2'$("0%T&1$*"#/%$("1&1$*18*!2&#"*!L38%,2*V1;*Y0#*-"#,%$1"*Y0#*DEpUE@p*>0#T"2'*#&%>%,1&1$*-2"*81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*,2)0'%(1"%1$*&#*:%:%#'&1*&#8!2&#"*!2-081"c*,%>"1*Y0#*"#-"#$#'(1*#8*EGPCEÄ*&#8*(2(18*/#'#"18*&#:%:%#'&1$*,2'$("0%&1$*#'*#$#*81-$2P*;*#8*pFPCEÄ*&#8*(2(18*"#/%$("1&218* $#,(2"*-L38%,2P* ;*Y0#*&#)0#$("1* 82*&#(#")%'1'(#*&#* 81*-1"(%,%T-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*#'*#8*,0)-8%)%#'(2*&#* 81$*)#(1$*#$(138#,%&1$*1#$(1*7"1'*S%$%6'?GU

?G*******723%#"'2*,0)-8%6*)#(1*&#*#'("#/1*&#*,1$1$*#'*BCDB=*V((-=rrxxxU)%',%U/23U:#rBCDBrDBr/23%#"'2T,0)-8%2T)#(1T&#T#'("#/1T&#T,1$1$T#'TBCDBU

Ulises Daal

74


75

>VE'A,'-./0$1%,%'&$'+,'-83V

Ulises Daal

76


77

XE''''A='-B@D;>"="S'9Y789:>?;'B8C=;>T=<>V=7=8='A=''7=8<>->7=->?;'->D"="=;=

b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n'2*,2'(#)-81&1$*#'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'oP*,2)2*82$*O2'$#R2$*O2)0T'18#$*;* 81$*O2)0'1$U

I8*"#$-#,(2*$#*V1*&#*$#\181"P*Y0#*81*OKM+*#$(138#,#*#8*&#"#,V2*1*81-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1P* (1'(2*&#*)1'#"1* %'&%:%&018*,2)2*,28#,(%:1=*E>7;76B989;789U?&9?D9A9D=7>&O&8<F=?9B7697&@?&@>&<6D@?&:<897>&O&@:B7B7>K@Cc*2(2"T/X'&28#*-"##)%'#',%1*1* 81*,2)0'%&1&*-1"1* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,28#,(%:1*#'#8*X)3%(2*&#* 81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$* [V<6F789U?T&@Y@8=S89U?&O&8<?B6<>&D@& >7&5@:B9U?&;QC>987]P*18*"#,2'2,#"81*,2)2*81*)Xg%)1*#g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

@C****HSTOKM+P*$23"#*#8*bZ(082*9=*!"%',%-%2$*j0'&1)#'(18#$U

Ulises Daal

78

$2,%#&1&P*18*V13%(1"*#*%'(#"1,(01"*#'*$0*#$-1,%2*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$,2'*&%>#"#'(#$*)1'#"1$*&#*-#'$1"P* %'(#"#$#$*&%$Z)%8#$P* &%$(%'(1$*2,0-1T,%2'#$* ;*&%:#"$1$* >2")1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'=*&#* ("131R1&2"#$* ;* ("131R1&2T"1$P*,2'$0)%&2"#$*;*,2'$0)%&2"1$P*1)1$*&#*,1$1P*,08(0"18#$P*&#-2"(%:1$P#,286/%,1$P* R0:#'%8#$yP*Y0#* ,2'>80;#'*#'*#8* 23R#(%:2* ,28#,(%:2*&#8* 3%#',2)L'U

H'*#$#*$#'(%&2P* 81*OKM+*n1$0)#*1* 82* 81"/2*&#*(2&2*$0*1"(%,081&2:$"701#%0"1#"3.*&10".0/+&%>"&/*+80>"9&)*+/+9&*+80"!"/07:$+*&)+0oP*1$%/T'X'&28#*18*H$(1&2*0'*-1-#8*$2,%18P*-"21,(%:2*;*-"2(1/6'%,2*uyw*1$Z*,2)20'1* >0',%6'* -2$%(%:1* 1* 81* I&)%'%$("1,%6'* !L38%,1* ;* 0'* "28* &%$(%'(2* 18%'&%:%&02c* -#"2* Y0#* (1)3%a'P* #'* -1"18#82P* -2'#* 82$* ,10,#$* -1"1&%'1)%N1"* 18* (#R%&2* ,%:%8* <$0" 1#" 60)7&" +$1+8+1:&%" !" /079#*+*+8&" .+$0.0%+1&)+&" !" /07:$+*&)+&K@Dc* -2"* 82* Y0#* n'2* (%#'&#* 1* &#-2$%(1"* (2&2* #8-#$2*&#*81*,2'$("0,,%6'*$2,%18*31R2*81*1"Y0%(#,(0"1*&%"#,(1*&#8*H$(1&2uywoP$%'2*Y0#&n,23"1*/"1'* %)-2"(1',%1*#8&6&/*0)"1#"/0$.*)://+5$"/+8+%2/07:2$+*&)+0&&#8*)2&#82* $2,%18uywUo* @B

<1*-"##)%'#',%1*Y0#* 81*OKM+* 8#* ,2'>%#"#* 1* 81* ,2)0'%&1&P* ,2)2>2")1*2"/1'%N1(%:1*-1"1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,28#,(%:1P*$#*#:%&#',%1*&#*81*"#%T(#"1&1*)#',%6'*Y0#*V1,#*$23"#*#881*,2)2*#$-1,%2*-1"1*81*,2':%:#',%1P*#8#R#",%,%2*&#)2,"X(%,2*;* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*#'* 82$*-"2,#$2$*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$-L38%,1$P* ,2'* 81* >%'18%&1&*&#* $0-#"1"* n81* ,08(0"1*-28Z(%,1* /#'#"1&1*-2"(1'(1$*&a,1&1$*&#*-1(#"'18%$)2*#$(1(18*;*&#8*&2)%'%2*&#*81$*,L-081$*-1"T(%&%$(1$*Y0#*)#&%1(%N1"2'*#8*&#$1""2882*&#* 82$*:182"#$*&#)2,"X(%,2$o*&0T"1'(#* 81* 9+*K#-L38%,1@EU*H'*,2',2"&1',%1P* 81*OKM+*&%$-2'#=

Q <1$*&.&74%#&."1#"/+:1&1&$0."!"/+:1&1&$0.&;&81*#79)#.&"/07:$+*&2)+&*,2)2*)#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*-"2(1/2'%$)2*-2-081"*[I"(U*?C]U

@D* * * !I<IO9e.* KeSHeP* jKIJO9.Oe=* nv0%#3"1* &#8* H$(1&2* 8%3#"18T18#1(2"%2P,2'$(%(0,%2'18%N1,%6'*)1(#"%18* &#8* H$(1&2* .2,%18* ;* 1-#"(0"1*&#*0'*'0#:2$%$(#)1* ,2)0'%(1"%2nU* H'=*%:B=D9<:& :<C6@& >7& ,<?:B9B=89U?&D@& >7&3@;QC>9871<>9A7697?7L&M&+?9A@6:769<U*!"2,0"1&0"Z1*7#'#"18*&#*81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1&#*+#'#N0#81U*O1"1,1$P*BCCG=*-U*GDU

@B*****93Z&#)=*-U*G?U@E* * * HST*OKM+P* $23"#*#8* bZ(082* 999P* O1-Z(082* 9+=*5#* 82$*&#"#,V2$*-28Z(%,2$* ;*&#8

"#>#"#'&2*-2-081"U


79

Q H8*&#"#,V2*;*&#3#"*&#&%&"/07:$+1&1"0)(&$+,&1&&&#*-1"(%,%-1"*#'*81(2)1*&#*&#,%$%2'#$*$23"#* 81*-81'%>%,1,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*;*,2'("28*&#* 81-28Z(%,1*#$-#,Z>%,1*#'* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$*-L38%,1$*&#*$180&*[I"(U*@F]U

Q H8*&#"#,V2*&#*82$*("131R1&2"#$*;*("131R1&2"1$P*1$Z&/070"1#"%&"/07:2$+1&1"-1"1*&#$1""2881"*1$2,%1,%2'#$*&#*,1"X,(#"*$2,%18*;*-1"(%,%-1(%:2[I"(U*DD@]U

Q K#,2'2,%)%#'(2*&#* 81* #g%$(#',%1* &#& %0." 9:#4%0." !" /07:$+1&1#.+$1?(#$&.&[I"(U*DDG]U

Q H8*1-"2:#,V1)%#'(2*&#*82$*"#,0"$2$*'1(0"18#$*#'*82$*VX3%(1($*%'&ZT/#'1$*-2"*-1"(#*&#8*H$(1&2*$#*V1"X*$%'*8#$%2'1"*81*%'(#/"%&1&*,08(0T"18P*$2,%18*;*#,2'6)%,1*&#*82$*)%$)2$*;*$0R#(2*1*-"#:%1*%'>2")1,%6';*,2'$08(1*&"%&."/07:$+1&1#."+$1?(#$&.&[I"(U*DBC]U

Q 5#3#"*&#* (2&1*-#"$2'1*&#*,0)-8%"* $0$* "#$-2'$13%8%&1&#$* $2,%18#$;*-1"(%,%-1"* $28%&1"%1)#'(#*#'* 81* :%&1*-28Z(%,1P* ,%:%8* ;&/07:$+*&)+&&#8*-1Z$*[I"(U*DEB]U

Q !1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#& %&." /07:$+1&1#.&2"/1'%N1&1$*#'* 82$*O2'$#R2$*&#!81'%>%,1,%6'*;*O22"&%'1,%6'*&#*!28Z(%,1$*!L38%,1$* [I"(U*DAA]U

Q <1* ,"#1,%6'*&#*#'(%&1&#$* 82,18#$*&%$(%'(1$* 1* 82$*)0'%,%-%2$* ;* 81$-1""2Y0%1$*1(#'&#"X*1&%&"+$+/+&*+8&"8#/+$&%"0"/07:$+*&)+&&[I"(U*D?E]U

Q !1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#&0)(&$+,&/+0$#."8#/+$&%#."!"%&".0/+#1&1"0)(&$+,&21&&#'* 82$*O2'$#R2$*<2,18#$*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*!L38%,1*[I"(U*D@B]U

Q 5#$,#'("18%N1,%6'*;*("1'$>#"#',%1*&#*,2)-#(#',%1$*;*$#":%,%2$*&#$T&#* 82$*#$(1&2$*;* 82$*)0'%,%-%2$&&" %&."/07:$+1&1#."!"():90."8#/+2$&%#."0)(&$+,&10.&[I"(U*D@F]U

Q e"/1'%N1,%6'*&#* 81* R0$(%,%1*&#*-1N&#$"%&."/07:$+1&1#.P*,0;2$* R0#T,#$*2* R0#N1$* $#"X'*#8#/%&2$*2* #8#/%&1$*-2"* 82$* :#,%'2$* ;* :#,%'1$[I"(U*Bp@]U

Q e38%/1,%6'*&#8*H$(1&2*&#*-"2(#/#"*;*-"2)2:#"*,018Y0%#"*>2")1*&#&.0/+&/+5$" /07:$+*&)+&&-1"1*#8* ("131R2P* #8* 1V2""2* ;* #8* ,2'$0)2P31R2*"a/%)#'*&#*-"2-%#&1&*,28#,(%:1P*$0$(#'(X'&282*#'* 81* %'%,%1(%T:1*-2-081"*[I"(U*EC@]U

Ulises Daal

80

.#*("1(1*&#8*$0"/%)%#'(2P*#'*#8*("1'$,0"$2*V%$(6"%,2*&#*81*$2,%#&1&:#'#N281'1P*&#*0'*'0#:2* $0R#(2* $2,%18=* >7& 8<F=?9D7D*^@>&C7669<P* ,2)2&%,#*I81;6'*S2'$#""1(^*Y0#*,2)-"#'&#*n81*1"(%,081,%6'*&#*82$*&%$(%'(2$1,(2"#$*,2)-"2)#(%&2$*#'*0'1*0'%&1&*)L8(%-8#*;*-80"18oP*,2'$(%(0%&1*#'$0*)1;2"Z1*-2"*("131R1&2"#$*;*("131R1&2"1$P*-#"2*(1)3%a'*-2"*n0'1*&%:#"T$%&1&*&#* /"0-2$P* ,81$#$* ;* $#,(2"#$* $2,%18#$* ,2'*&%>#"#'(#$* $03R#(%:%&1T&#$P*Y0#* $#* "#-81'(#1*'0#:1$* "#81,%2'#$*#'("#* $0$*)%#)3"2$P*-1"1* /1T"1'(%N1"*n81*-"2>0'&%N1,%6'*&#*81*&#)2,"1,%1*;*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-"2(1/6'%,1&#* (2&2$o*#'* 81*-"2&0,,%6'* ;* 1-"2-%1,%6'*#Y0%(1(%:1*&#* 81* "%Y0#N1* ;* 812"/1'%N1,%6'*&#* 81* :%&1@FU

XEHE A='7=8<>->7=->?;'->D"="=;='9;'A=:'-B;:<><D->B;9:

"9'HZ[H'M'HZZZI8*V13#"*,2'$1/"1&2*0'*)2&#82*$2,%18*"#/%&2*-2"*81*-1"(%&2,"1,%1P

81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*DGAD* $682*&%$-2'Z1*&2$*)#&%2$*-1"1* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6',%0&1&1'1=*#8* $0>"1/%2P*#$(138#,%&2*1&#)X$*,2)2*238%/1(2"%2* [I"(U*DDC]P-1"1*8#/%(%)1"*#8*2"&#'*#$(138#,%&2c*;*#8*&#"#,V2*1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*#'*812"%#'(1,%6'*&#* 81*-28Z(%,1*'1,%2'18P*-#"2* 8%)%(1&2*1* 82$*)%8%(1'(#$*&#* 82$-1"(%&2$*-28Z(%,2$*[I"(U*DDF]P*Y0#*18*>%'18*$#*"#&0,Z1*1*82$*%'(#/"1'(#$*&#*81$,L-081$*&#*#$1$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$P*-"%',%-18)#'(#*&#*I,,%6'*5#)2,"X(%,1*;O2-#%P*Y0#*#'*DGp@*$0$,"%3%#"2'*#8*[78B<&D@&[=?B<&\9Y<@p*-1"1*(0"'1"$#*#'81*&%"#,,%6'*&#8*-2&#"*-28Z(%,2*&#*-1Z$*;*,#""1"8#*(2&1*-2$%3%8%&1&*1*,018TY0%#"*2("1*2-,%6'*-28Z(%,1P*$23"#*(2&2*18*!1"(%&2*O2)0'%$(1U

@F********I<I_{J*SeJ.HKKIbP*KhMzJ=*O2)0'1*;*!2&#"*!2-081"=*V((-=rrxxxU-28%#(%,1U,2)U:#r-28%#(%,1r,2)0'1U-&>

@p*&&&&&[78B<&D@&[=?B<&\9Y<=**I,0#"&2*%)-0#$(2*-2"*#8*/23%#"'2*&#*82$*H$(1&2$*h'%&2$1*I,,%6'*5#)2,"X(%,1P*O2-#%* ;*hK5P* >%")1&2*-2"*#$(2$*-1"(%&2$*#8* EDTDCTDGp@P*)#&%1'(#*#8*,018*$#*&#$:%6*#8*$#'(%&2*&#*81*"#3#8%6'*,Z:%,2T)%8%(1"*&#8BE*&#*#'#"2*&#*#$#*1\2*Y0#*V13Z1*&#""2,1&2*81*&%,(1&0"1*&#*S1",2$*!a"#N`%)a'#NP*$2)#(%a'&2$#*18*-0#382*:#'#N281'2*18*"a/%)#'*3%-1"(%&%$(1*1&#,2T,2-#;1'2P*#8* ,018* $#* ,1"1,(#"%N6*-2"* 81* ,2""0-,%6'P* 81*#g,80$%6'P* 81* "#-"#T$%6'P*81*%'10/0"1,%6'*#'*I)a"%,1*<1(%'1*&#*81*-"X,(%,1*&#*81$*&#$1-1"%,%2'#$&#*-#"$2'1$*-2"*"1N2'#$*-28Z(%,1$P* 81*#'("#/1*&#* 81$*"%Y0#N1$*&#8*-1Z$*1* 81$("1'$'1,%2'18#$*;* 81* $23#"1'Z1*&#8*-1Z$*18* %)-#"%2*'2"(#1)#"%,1'2U


81

IY0Z*#$*:X8%&2*:18#"$#*'0#:1)#'(#*&#*M"#x#"*O1"Z1$P*-1"1*#:%&#'T,%1"*,6)2*81$*a8%(#$*-1"(%&%$(1$*$#,0#$("1"2'*81*$23#"1'Z1*-2-081"*&0"1'T(#* #8* -0'(2>%R%$)2=* n<1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*#'*#8* -2&#"*'1,%2'18* #$* $682*0'1>%,,%6'P*'2*#g%$(#o@Ac*;*81*)1'#"1*,6)2*#$1$*a8%(#$*$#*#'"%Y0#,Z1'*#'*'2)T3"#*&#* 81*:280'(1&*&#8*-0#382=

n-1"#,#*Y0#*Y0%#'#$*/23%#"'1'*18*-1Z$*'2*$#*&1'*,0#'(1*&#*82*Y0##$(X*-1$1'&2P*;*#8*O2'/"#$2*$%/0#*,2'*$0*)%$)2*n'#/2,%2o*&#*$%#)T-"#=*'#/2,%1*,2'*#8*!2&#"*HR#,0(%:2P*'#/2,%1*,2'*82$*-1"(%&2$P*#(,UP,2)2*$%*#$(0:%a"1)2$*#'*DGAC*,01'&2*$#*$#'(131'*K1>1#8*O18&#"1PK6)082*M#(1',20"(P*`6:%(2*+%881831P* 81*Ob+*;*j#&#,X)1"1$P*;*#'("##882$* "#$28:Z1'* (2&2*#8*-1Z$* uyw*J2*23$(1'(#P* u>7w*&%"%/#',%1* ("1&%T,%2'18* $%/0#* ,"#;#'&2* Y0#* 82$* -"238#)1$* &#* +#'#N0#81* $2'"#$28038#$*-2"* ("#$*2* ,%',2*-#"$2'1$oU@?

H'*,1)3%2P*,2'*81*OKM+*&#R1'*&#*(#'#"*:%/#',%1*n82$*&#"#,V2$*Y0#1$%$(#'*1* 82$*-1"(%&2$*,2)2*6@;6@:@?B7?B@:*&#*/"1'&#$*'L,8#2$*'1,%2'1T8#$o*[[78B<&D@&[=?B<&\9Y<]P*-2"Y0#*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*'2*$#*8%)%(1n1* 82$*-"2,#$2$*#8#,(2"18#$oP*$%'2*Y0#*(1)3%a'*^;*>0'&1)#'(18)#'(#^,2)-"#'&#* 81* %'(#":#',%6'*&%"#,(1*&#8*-0#382* n#'* 82$*-"2,#$2$*&#* >2"T)1,%6'P* >2")081,%6'* ;* #R#,0,%6'*&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$oU@@* !2"* (1'(2P82$*-1"(%&2$*-28Z(%,2$*;1*'2* $2'* 81*L'%,1*'%* 81*)X$* %)-2"(1'(#* >2")1*&#-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1P*$%'2*2("2*)#&%2*)X$*&#*82$*)0,V2$*&#*Y0#*&%$T-2'#'*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*-1"1*#g-"#$1"*$0*:280'(1&*$23#"1'1P-2"Y0#*%',80$2*-1"1*82$*,1"/2$*&#*#8#,,%6'*-2-081"*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0T&1&1'1$*-0#&#'*-2$(081"$#*&#*)1'#"1*&%"#,(1* [9?9897B9A7&;6<;97]P* $%'* 81'#,#$%&1&*&#8*"#$-18&2*&#*0'1*2"/1'%N1,%6'*-28Z(%,1*[I"(U*A?*OKM+]U

O2'("1"%2*18*-"%',%-%2*'#28%3#"18* $#/L'*#8* ,018*^&#3%&2*1* 81*,2)T-8#R%&1&*&#* 81$*$2,%#&1&#$*,2'(#)-2"X'#1$*;* 81*(#,'%>%,1,%6'*Y0#*18,1'TN1'* 81$* >0',%2'#$*1*&#$1""2881"*-2"*#8*H$(1&2^*&#3#* %)-2'#"$#*0'1*$#T-1"1,%6'* (1R1'(#*@?B6@& 89=D7D7?<:&@:;@897>9Z7D<:* [-28Z(%,2$* ;* (#,'6,"1T(1$]*O&@>&8<?Y=?B<&D@& ><:&D@FJ:* [81$*/"1'&#$*)1;2"Z1$]P* 81*OKM+*'2*,2'T(#)-81*n'%'/L'*X)3%(2*#$-#,%18%N1&2*&#*81*1&)%'%$("1,%6'*Y0#*#$(a*#g#'T

@A*********MKHmHK*OIK}I.P*I<<IJU*{-U*O%(U@?*******93Z&#)U@@* * * * HSTOKM+P* $23"#*#8* bZ(082* 999P* O1-Z(082* 9+U*5#* 82$*&#"#,V2$*-28Z(%,2$* ;* &#8

"#>#"#'&2*-2-081"U

Ulises Daal

82

(2*&#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&%"#,(1*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&*2"/1'%N1&1P* ,2'* >0',%2'#$(1'(2*#'* 81* >2")1,%6'*;*#R#,0,%6'P* ,2)2*&#*,2'("28o@GP* ,2'$1/"1'&2*#'#$#* $#'(%&2* 81*89=D7D7?9Z789U?*&#* 81*&#)2,"1,%1*:#'#N281'1P*18*Y0%(1"8##8*)2'2-28%2*1*82$*-1"(%&2$*-28Z(%,2$*$23"#*81*:%&1*-L38%,1*&#*+#'#N0#81P-1"1*#'("#/X"$#81*n1* 81* (2(18%&1&*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&*:#'#N281'1oGCU

XELE A='-B@D;=S'9;<>"="'AB-=A'7=8='A='-B;:<8D-->?;"9A':B->=A>:@B

"M*.*5#*.$'*/%8*.$@"4%#$&"$'#*'(%.5"3$/%)%8*.$*#0%,5"#$"&

'(%)&*3$%&$!"#50/*$1$%&$Z*)0%#,*3$'%#*$90,"&8%,5%$%.$%&$'(%)&*

%&$F(%$/%)%$5*8"#$&"$/%40.06,$1$4*,9*#8"#$&".$4*8(,".$/*,2

/%$/%)%$0#$9*#5"&%40G,/*.%$%&$'*/%#$4*8(,"&3$%&$"(5*7*)0%#,*

4*8(,"&?$1$&*.$"&4"&/%.3$%,$+%-$/%$%.5"#$9#%,",/*$4*8*$,*.

@"$*4(##0/*$%,$"&7(,*.$4".*.3$4*,+0G#5",.%$%,$9"40&05"/*#%.3

08'(&.*#%.3$*#0%,5"/*#%.$/%&$,"4080%,5*3$/%&$9*#5"&%4080%,2

5*$/%$&".$4*8(,".3$/%&$'*/%#$'*'(&"#3$%,$&*$'*&B504*HLeV

>PQ47;47:=*R9GP*>RI1=F*S!T4J

H$(138#,#*#8*1"(Z,082*DAG*OKM+*Y0#*n<1*2"/1'%N1,%6'*&#*82$*)0'%,%T-%2$*O&D@FJ:&@?B9D7D@:& ><87>@:* $#* "#/%"X*-2"*#$(1*O2'$(%(0,%6'P*-2"* 81$'2")1$*Y0#*-1"1*&#$1""2881"* 82$*-"%',%-%2$* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$*#$(138#N,1'>7:& >@O@:& <65J?987:& ?789<?7>@:P* ;* -2"* 81$* &%$-2$%,%2'#$* 8#/18#$* Y0#*&#,2'>2")%&1&*,2'*1Y0a881$*&%,(#'* 82$*#$(1&2$oP* 82*,018*#:%&#',%1*Y0#*)#T&%1'(#* >@O@:&<65J?987:* -0#&#'*,"#1"$#*#'(%&1&#$* 82,18#$*D9:B9?B7:* 1* 82$)0'%,%-%2$*;*1*81$*-1""2Y0%1$c*;*#'*#$#*$#'(%&2P*1*("1:a$*&#*81*<#;*M)(-$+2/&"&#* 81$*O2)0'1$P*$#*#$(138#,%6* >7&,<F=?7*,2)2*@?B9D7D& ><87>* n&2'&#82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*#R#",#'*#8*-8#'2*&#"#,V2*&#* 81*$23#"1'Z1*;&#$1""2881'* 81* -1"(%,%-1,%6'* -"2(1/6'%,1* )#&%1'(#* >2")1$* &#10(2/23%#"'2*-1"1* 81* #&%>%,1,%6'*&#8* #$(1&2* ,2)0'18P*#$"#%"7&)/0"1#%3.*&10"1#70/)-*+/0"!".0/+&%"1#"1#)#/@0"!"1#"F:.*+/+&oUGB

@G******OK9I5e*5H*59H7eP*SIKOe.U*{-U*O%(U*-U*AFUGC* * * * <IKIP*m9<<9IJ=*"9:8=6:<:& 0?:=65@?B@:U* j2'&2*H&%(2"%18*m%88%1'* <1"1U*O1"1,1$P

BCDBU*-U*BpUGD*****OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=**%>&'<897>9:F<&D@>&:95><&MM0=*V((-=rrxxxU)%',%U/23U:#rx-T

,2'(#'(r0-821&$r&2x'821&$rBCDErCDr"#>8#g%2'#$4&#84$%/824gg%,&xU-&>GB****<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$*O2)0'1$U*71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUCDD*Hg("12"&UrBDUDBUBCDCU


83

I$%)%$)2P*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*D?E*OKM+*$#*&%$-2'#*Y0#* 81*,2'$(%(0,%6'&#*#$1$*#'(%&1&#$* 82,18#$* [&%$(%'(1$*1* 82$*)0'%,%-%2$*;*1* 81$*-1""2Y0%1$]n&*#$1#)-"&" %&" +$+/+&*+8&"8#/+$&%"0"/07:$+*&)+&oP*"1N6'*-2"* 81*,018*#'* 81<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$*O2)0'1$*$#*#$(138#,#*Y0#*n<1*O2)0'1*$#*,2'$(%(0;#90)"+$+/+&*+8&"909:%&)*1*("1:a$*&#*81*1/"#/1,%6'*&#*,2)0'%&1&#$*:#,%'1$o[I"(U*@]P*-1"1*82*,018*$#*V1*&#*,0)-8%"*-"#:%1)#'(#*0'*-"2,#$2*Y0#*,2)T-"#'&#* 81* ,2'>2")1,%6'*&#*0'1* ,2)%$%6'*-"2)2(2"1P* -"2)2,%6'*&#* 81%'%,%1(%:1*#'("#*(2&2$*82$*;*81$*V13%(1'(#$*&#8*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2*-"2-0#$T(2P*"#&1,,%6'*;*&%$,0$%6'*&#8*-"2;#,(2*&#* 81*O1"(1*j0'&1,%2'18*&#* 81*O2T)0'1GE*,2'*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#*(2&2$*82$*;*81$*V13%(1'(#$*&#8*X)3%(2*/#2T/"X>%,2*-"2-0#$(2P*;*81*"#18%N1,%6'*&#*0'*"#>#"#'&2*1-"231(2"%2*[I"(U*DD]U

<2*Y0#*#$(138#,#'* 81$* <#;#$*&#8* !2&#"*!2-081"* $2'* 81$* ,2'&%,%2T'#$*-1"1*/1"1'(%N1"*n<1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&%"#,(1*&#*81*/#'(#*#'*81*(2)1*&#&#,%$%2'#$*-1"1* 81* $280,%6'*&#* $0$*-"238#)1$* ;* 82$* &#* $0* ,2)0'%&1&oP)#&%1'(#*0'1*'0#:1*"#81,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*nY0#*#'*#8*X)3%(2*&#*82$*&#"#T,V2$* $2,%18#$P* &#$1""2881* 81* ("Z1&1* $28%&1"%1* #'("#* $2,%#&1&P* >1)%8%1* ;H$(1&2P*82*Y0#*,282,1*18*8#/%$81&2"*;*1*82$*6"/1'2$*Y0#*%'(#/"1'*#8*$%$(#T)1*&#*R0$(%,%1P*#'*0'*'0#:2*#$-1,%2*&#*%'(#"-"#(1,%6'*&#*81*&#)2,"1,%1$2,%18*;*&#8*H$(1&2*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1oGFc*&2'&#P*1&#)X$P*#8*H$(1T&2*#$(X*#'*81*238%/1,%6'*&#*-"2)2:#"* 81*n%',2"-2"1,%6'*-"2/"#$%:1*7&>789=D7D7?H7&78B9A7o*&#*82$*'%\2$P*'%\1$*;*1&28#$,#'(#$*[I"(U*?@*OKM+]=*#8&#$1""2882*&#&n81*,%0&1&1'Z1*-"2/"#$%:1*&#*82$*'%\2$*;*&#*81$*'%\1$*&#>%T'%&2$* ,2)2*-"%2"%&1&* 13$280(1*&#8* H$(1&2c* 82$* 1&28#$,#'(#$* ;* R6:#'#$#'(#'&%&2$*,2)2*$0R#(2$*#$("1(a/%,2$*-1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*$0$(#'(138#oGpP#'*82*,018*$#*>0'&1*V13#"*#$(138#,%&2*Y0#*#'*81$* %'$(1',%1$*;*2"/1'%N1T

GE** * *,76B7&\=?D789<?7>W* 9'$("0)#'(2*1-"231&2*#'*"#>#"#'&2*-2-081"P*&2'&#*81$,2)0'%&1&#$*#g-"#$1'*$0*:280'(1&*&#*,2'$(%(0%"$#*#'*O2)0'1*#'*$0*"#$-#,T(%:2*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2P* ,2'(#'(%:1*&#* 81*&#,81"1,%6'*&#*-"%',%-%2$P* ,#'$2-2381,%2'18P*&%1/'6$(%,2*$23"#* 82$*-"%',%-18#$*-"238#)1$*;*'#,#$%&1&#$*&#$0*-2381,%6'P* %':#'(1"%2*&#* 81$*-2(#',%18%&1&#$*#,2'6)%,1$P* $2,%18#$P* ,08T(0"18#$P*1)3%#'(18#$P*;*2-,%2'#$*&#*&#$1""2882U*[I"(U*FUE*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$O2)0'1$]U

GF* * * * HSTOKM+P* $23"#*#8*bZ(082* 999P*O1-Z(082*+=*5#* 82$*&#"#,V2$* $2,%18#$*;*&#* 81$>1)%8%1$U

GpU*****93Z&#)U

Ulises Daal

84

,%2'#$* &#8* !2&#"* !2-081"* (%#'#'* &#"#,V2* 1* #8#/%"* ;* $#"* #8#/%&2$* ><:89=D7D7?<:& O& >7:& 89=D7D7?7:*)1;2"#$*&#*Y0%',#* 1\2$UGA

XEUE >;>->=<>V='7B7DA=8<1* ,2'>2")1,%6'*&#* ,018Y0%#"1*&#* 81$* %'$(1',%1$* ;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$

#$(138#,%&1$*#'*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*#$(X*&#(#")%'1&1*-2"*81*&#T,%$%6'* [9?9897B9A7]* &#* 82$* ,%0&1&1'2$* ;* 81$* ,%0&1&1'1$* 1* ,2'$(%(0%"81U* H$&#,%"P*'%'/0'1*&#*#$1$* %'$(1',%1$*;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*-0#&#'*&1"$#*-2"* %)T-2$%,%6'*&#*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*H$(1&2*'%*&#8*$#,(2"*-"%:1&2P*$%'2*-2"*81&#,%$%6'*$23#"1'1*&#*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*#'*#8*"#$-#,(%:2*X)3%T(2* /#2/"X>%,2* ,<F=?9B769<* 2* 8<F=?7>& [O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$P* O2)0'1$PO%0&1&#$*O2)0'18#$y]*2*:@8B<697>&[2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%18#$]U*!#"2*18*)%$T)2*(%#)-2P* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*H$(1&2*#$(X'*238%/1&1$*1*-"2)2:#"*#'T("#*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*81$*:#'(1R1$*&#*81*,2'>2")1,%6'*&#*(18#$%'$(1',%1$* ;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*-1"1*#8* #R#",%,%2*&#8*&#"#,V2*1* 81*-1"(%,%-1T,%6'*,28#,(%:1P*1$Z*,2)2*1,2)-1\1"*;*1-2;1"*$0*-"2,#$2*&#*,2'$(%(0,%6'P&#$1""2882*;*,2'$28%&1,%6'P*0'1*:#N*Y0#*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*V1T;1'*&#,%&%&2* $0* ,2'>2")1,%6'U

I0'Y0#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*#$(X*&#>%'%&1*#'*18/0'2$*1"(Z,0T82$*&#*81*OKM+*,2)2*0'*D@6@8G<SD@C@6G?P*$#*,2'&%,%2'6*1*81*%'%,%1(%:1*-2-0T81"* 81* ,2'>2")1,%6'*&#*,018Y0%#"1*&#* 81$* %'$(1',%1$*;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8!2&#"*!2-081"P*-2"Y0#*-1"1*81*,2'>%/0"1,%6'*&#*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1@?&:=&V<6F7&8<>@8B9A7*$#*8#*,2'>%"%6*-"#>#"#',%1*1*81*,2',#-,%6'*#$(138#,%&1#'*#8*1"(Z,082*p*OKM+*$23"#*81*$23#"1'Z1*-2-081"P*,2)2*1*81*2"%#'(1,%6'*&#*81)1;2"Z1*&#* 81$*&%$-2$%,%2'#$*,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$*18* "#$-#,(2U

GAU****H'*81$*%'$(1',%1$*;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*(%#'#'*&#"#,V2*1*#8#/%"(2&2$*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*)1;2"#$*&#*Y0%',#*1\2$*;*[1*#g,#-,%6'&#* 81* %'(#/"1,%6'*&#* 82$*6"/1'2$*&#* ,2'("28* ;* 1&)%'%$("1,%6'*#,2'6)%,1T>%'1',%#"1P*Y0#* "#Y0%#"#*)1;2"Z1*#'*#&1&]*1* $#"*#8#/%&2$*;*#8#/%&1$* ,2)2:2,#"2$*2*:2,#"1$*&#*#$1$* %'$(1',%1$*;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$U

G?* ***I"(U*@F*OKM+=*nuUUUw*<1*,2)0'%&1&*2"/1'%N1&1*(%#'#*#8*&#"#,V2*;*#8*&#3#"*&#-1"(%,%-1"*#'*81*(2)1*&#*&#,%$%2'#$*$23"#*81*-81'%>%,1,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*;*,2'T("28*&#* 81*-28Z(%,1*#$-#,Z>%,1*#'* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$*-L38%,1$*&#* $180&oc* ;*I"(UDEB*OKM+=* nb2&1*-#"$2'1* (%#'#*#8*&#3#"*&#*,0)-8%"* $0$* "#$-2'$13%8%&1&#$$2,%18#$* ;*-1"(%,%-1"* $28%&1"%1)#'(#*#'* 81* :%&1*-28Z(%,1P* ,%:%8* ;* ,2)0'%(1"%1&#8*-1Z$P*-"2)2:%#'&2*;*&#>#'&%#'&2* 82$*&#"#,V2$*V0)1'2$*,2)2* >0'&1T)#'(2*&#*81*,2':%:#',%1*&#)2,"X(%,1*;*&#*81*-1N*$2,%18Uo


85

5#*#$#*)2&2P*#'*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*$#*#$(138#,#*81*-1"(%,%T-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*@?&:=& V<6F7&8<>@8B9A7* ,2)2*0'*&#"#,V2*Y0#*#8*H$(1&2#$(X*238%/1&2*1*-"2)2:#"* ;* /1"1'(%N1"P* 1$Z* ,2)2*1-2;1"* $0*&#$1""2882* ;,2'$28%&1,%6'*0'1*:#N*Y0#* 82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*&#,%&#'*#R#",#"82)#&%1'(#* 81*,2'>2")1,%6'*&#*$0$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*,2)0'%(1"%1$*;*$2,%18#$U

<1*,2'>%/0"1,%6'*&#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*#'* >2")1*,28#,(%:1,2)2*&#"#,V2*;*'2*,2)2*&#3#"*[,2'$%&#"1'&2*#$(1*L8(%)1*,1(#/2"Z1*#'81* #$>#"1* a(%,1*&#8*D@C@6& :<897>]P* 1$Z* ,2)2* 81* 238%/1,%6'*&#8* H$(1&2*&#-"2)2:#"82P* /1"1'(%N1"82* ;* 1-2;1"82P* $#* >0'&1)#'(1* #'* 81$* $%/0%#'(#$&%$-2$%,%2'#$* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$=

Q .23#"1'Z1*-2-081"=*<'0."5)(&$0."1#%"3.*&10"#7&$&$"1#"%&".04#)&2$?&"909:%&)"!"&"#%%&"#.*-$".07#*+10.U"[I"(U*p]U

Q !1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#8*-0#382*#'*81*>2")1,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*;*,2'("28*&#*81/#$(%6'*-L38%,1=&<3."04%+(&/+5$"1#%"3.*&10"!"1#4#)"1#"%&".0/+#1&16&/+%+*&)"%&"(#$#)&/+5$"1#"%&."/0$1+/+0$#."7-."6&80)&4%#."9&)&".:9)-/*+/&U"[I"(U*AB]U

Q S#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ;*-"2(1/2'%$)2*&#8* -0#382*#'*#R#",%,%2&#*$0*$23#"1'Z1=&<'&"%#!"#.*&4%#/#)-"%&."/0$1+/+0$#."9&)&"#%"#6#/*+280"6:$/+0$&7+#$*0"1#"%0."7#1+0."1#"9&)*+/+9&/+5$"9)#8+.*0."#$"#.*#&)*?/:%0U"[I"(U*?C]U

Q 5#"#,V2*&#* 82$* ("131R1&2"#$* ;* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*-1"1*&#$1""2881"1$2,%1,%2'#$*&#*,1"X,(#"* $2,%18* ;*-1"(%,%-1(%:2=*<3%"3.*&10"9)07028#)-"!"9)0*#(#)-"#.*&."&.0/+&/+0$#."1#.*+$&1&."&"7#F0)&)"%&"#/02$07?&"909:%&)"!"&%*#)$&*+8&U"[I"(U*DD@]U

Q O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*#'(%&1&#$* 82,18#$*&%$(%'(1$* 1* 82$*)0'%,%-%2$=* <.:/)#&/+5$"&*#$1#)-"&"%&"+$+/+&*+8&"8#/+$&%"0"/07:$+*&)+&U"[I"(U*D?E]U

Q !"2)2,%6'*;*-"2(#,,%6'*&#8*H$(1&2*1*81$*1$2,%1,%2'#$*,2)0'%(1"%1$-"2&0,(%:1$*31R2* "a/%)#'*&#*-"2-%#&1&*,28#,(%:1=" <.:.*#$*-$10%0#$"%&"+$+/+&*+8&"909:%&)U"[I"(U*EC@]U5#*#$1*)1'#"1P* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ,%0&1&1'1*,28#,(%:1* $#*#$(138#,#

#'*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*,2)2*0'*&#"#,V2*Y0#*^0'1*:#N*1$0)%&2)#&%1'(#* 81* ,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 81$* %'$(1',%1$* ;* 2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8* !2&#"!2-081"^*,2)-2"(1* 82$*&#3#"#$*&#"%:1&2$*&#*81$* 8#;#$*$23"#*81*)1(#"%1;*&#* 81$*&#,%$%2'#$*Y0#P*1R0$(1&1$*1*a$(1$*;*1* 81*OKM+P*1,0#"&#'* 81$* "#$T-#,(%:1$*1$1)38#1$*&#*,%0&1&1'2$*;* ,%0&1&1'1$U

Ulises Daal

86

!#"2* (1)-2,2* $#* ("1(1*&#*Y0#* 81$* %'$(1',%1$* ;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8!2&#"*!2-081"*-0#&1'* $#"* %)-0#$(1$*-2"*0'*/"0-2*1* 81*)1;2"Z1*&#* 82$,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*&#*0'*&#(#")%'1&2*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2*2*$#,(2T"%18P*-2"*82*Y0#*-1"1*81*,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*0'*,2'$#R2*,2)0'18*$#*V1*&#*,0)T-8%"*0'*-"2,#$2*Y0#*,2)-"#'&#=*,2'>2")1,%6'*&#8*#Y0%-2*-"2)2(2"*Y0#1$0)1*81*%'%,%1(%:1*#*%'>2")#*1*81*,2)0'%&1&*$23"#*81*-"2-0#$(1*&#*,2'$T(%(0,%6'*&#8*,2'$#R2*,2)0'18*[I"(U*p*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*82$*O2'$#R2$*O2)0T'18#$T<eOOG@]c* &%>0$%6'*#'("#* 82$* V13%(1'(#$*&#* 81* ,2)0'%&1&* $23"#* #818,1',#P*23R#(2*;*>%'#$*&#8*,2'$#R2*,2)0'18c*#8132"1,%6'*&#8*,"2Y0%$*$2T3"#*#8* X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2*&#* 81* ,2)0'%&1&c* "#18%N1,%6'*&#8* ,#'$2*&#)2T/"X>%,2*;*$2,%2#,2'6)%,2*&#*81*,2)0'%&1&c*;*,2':2,1(2"%1*&#*81*-"%)#"1I$1)38#1*&#*O%0&1&1'2$*;*O%0&1&1'1$* [I"(U*A* <eOO]c*&#$%/'1,%6'*#'* 81-"%)#"1*I$1)38#1*&#*O%0&1&1'2$*;*O%0&1&1'1$*&#8*#Y0%-2*#8#,(2"18*-"2T:%$%2'18* ;* &#* 82$* ,2)%(a$* &#* ("131R2*&#* 81*h'%&1&* HR#,0(%:1* &#8* >0(0"2O2'$#R2*O2)0'18*[I"(U*?*<eOO]c*,2':2,1(2"%1*&#*81*I$1)38#1*O2'$(%(0(%T:1*O2)0'%(1"%1* [I"(U*G* <eOO]c* ;* "#18%N1,%6'*&#* 81*I$1)38#1*O2'$(%(0(%:1O2)0'%(1"%1*-1"1*81*#8#,,%6'*&#*82$*:2,#"2$*;*:2,#"1$*&#8*O2'$#R2*O2)0T'18*[I"(U*DC*<eOO]U

S%#'("1$*Y0#*-1"1*81*,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*0'1*O2)0'1*$#*"#Y0%#"#P*-"%T)#"1)#'(#*Y0#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*Y0#* $#* 82*-"2-2'/1'*#$(a'*2"/1'%N1T&1$* #'*O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$* ;* Y0#*a$(2$P* 1$Z* ,2)2* $0$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$$2,%18#$P*$#*,2'>2")#'*#'*,2)%$%6'*-"2)2(2"1*[I"(U*DC*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#81$*O2)0'1$T<eO]P*-1"1*,0)-8%"*#8*$%/0%#'(#*-"2,#$2=*1]*j2")081"*81*-"2T-0#$(1*&#8*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2*&#* 81*O2)0'1c*3]*5%>0'&%"*;*-"2)2:#"P*#',22"&%'1,%6'*,2'* 81$*0'%&1&#$*#R#,0(%:1$*&#* 82$* ,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'18#$P* 81%'>2")1,%6'*;*#8*&#31(#*#'("#*(2&2$*82$*;*81$*V13%(1'(#$*&#8*X)3%(2*/#2T/"X>%,2*-"2-0#$(2P* $23"#*#8* 18,1',#P*23R#(2*;* >%'18%&1&#$*&#* 81*O2)0'1c,]*O22"&%'1"*,2'*82$*:2,#"2$*;*:2,#"1$*&#*82$*,2)%(a$*&#*#&0,1,%6'P*,08T(0"1*;*>2")1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*&#*82$*,2'$#R2$*,2)0'18#$P* 81*"#&1,,%6'*&#8-"2;#,(2*&#*81*O1"(1*j0'&1,%2'18*&#*81*O2)0'1c*&]*5%>0$%6'*&#8*-"2;#,(2&#*81*O1"(1*j0'&1,%2'18*#'("#*82$*;*81$*V13%(1'(#$*&#8*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2c#]*O2':2,1(2"%1*18* "#>#"#'&2*1-"231(2"%2*&#* 81*O1"(1*j0'&1,%2'18*&#* 81O2)0'1P* #'* #8* ,018* (%#'#'*&#"#,V2* 18* :2(2* (2&2$* 82$* ;* 81$* V13%(1'(#$)1;2"#$*&#*Y0%',#*1\2$*&#8*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2*-"2-0#$(2*[I"(U*DD*<eO]U

G@*71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*EGUEEp*r*B@TDBTBCCGU


87

H'*,2""#$-2'&#',%1*,2'*82*1'(#$*#g-0#$(2P*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2T&#"*!2-081"*#$(138#,#*,2)2*$0*23R#(2=

n&#$1""2881"*;*,2'$28%&1"*#8*!2&#"*-2-081"P*5@?@67?D<&>7:&8<?D989<S?@:* 23R#(%:1$* 1* ("1:a$*&#* 82$*&%:#"$2$*)#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ;2"/1'%N1,%6'*#$(138#,%&2$*#'* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1* ;* 818#;*;* 82$*Y0#*$0"R1'*&#*81* 9?9897B9A7&;<;=>76P*-1"1*Y0#*82$*,%0&1&1T'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*#R#"N1'*#8*-8#'2*&#"#,V2*1*81*$23#"1'Z1P*81*&#)2T,"1,%1*-1"(%,%-1(%:1P* -"2(1/6'%,1* ;* ,2""#$-2'$138#P* 1$Z* ,2)2*1* 81,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*>2")1$*&#*10(2/23%#"'2$*,2)0'%(1"%2$*;*,2)0'1T8#$P* -1"1*#8* #R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#8*-2&#"oUGG

H'*(1'(2*Y0#*)#&%1'(#*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$*O2)0'1$*n:@&;6<F=@A@uF&7-.".#"+790$#w*81*,"#1,%6'*&#*0'1*'0#:1*%'$(1',%1*&#*/23%#"'2*(#""%T(2"%18P*,2'*-1"(%,081"%&1&#$*;*,1"1,(#"Z$(%,1$*Y0#*81*&%>#"#',%1'*&#*81$*2("1$%'$(1',%1$*&#*/#$(%6'*/03#"'1)#'(18oP*Y0#* n$#* ,2'$(%(0;#*90)" +$+/+&*+8&909:%&)* 1* ("1:a$*&#* 81*1/"#/1,%6'*&#*,2)0'%&1&#$*2"/1'%N1&1$oUDCC

O2'$(%(0;#*1$Z* 81* %'%,%1(%:1*-2-081"P*0'1* %'$(%(0,%6'*&#$(%'1&1*1*/1T"1'(%N1"*81*10(2'2)Z1*,2)0'%(1"%1*#'*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*#&%>%,1,%6'*&#*81*'0#T:1*$2,%#&1&P*-2"Y0#*^,2)2*1>%")1*5#8/1&2*e,1'&2^*81*10(2'2)Z1*n#$81*)2&18%&1&*-"2-%1*&#* 81*2"/1'%N1,%6'* ,2)0'%(1"%1oP*&2'&#* 82$* :182"#$Y0#* 81* &#(#")%'1'* n'2* $2'* 82$* %'(#"#$#$* %'&%:%&018#$oP* ;1*Y0#* n82*Y0#V1;*&#* %'$(%(0,%2'18%&1&*#'* 81* ,2)0'%&1&*#$*Y0#*a$(1* >0',%2'1*;* $#*#$T("0,(0"1*18"#&#&2"*&#*)2&2$*&#*,2':%:#',%1*$2,%18*2"/X'%,2$o*Y0#*80#/2#'*81*$2,%#&1&*$2'*^,2)2*6@V>@Y<:*&#*81$*#$("0,(0"1$*,2)0'%(1"%1$^*:1T82"#$* -"1/)X(%,2$U* I0(2'2)Z1* Y0#* n %)-8%,1P* -2"* 82* &#)X$P* #810(2/23%#"'2UoDCD

H$*1*-1"(%"*&#*82*#$(138#,%&2*#'*81*OKM+P*81*"#18%&1&*$2,%18*,2)0'%T(1"%1* ;*&#* 81* ,2',#-,%6'*&#8* $2,%18%$)2*328%:1"%1'2& [=?7&G@5@F<?H7&D@SF<86JB987T&I=@&<C>957&;767&:=&8<?:B6=889U?&?<&7&9F;<?@6T&:9?<&8<?A@?8@6]Y0#*#'*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*$#*>2")081'*81$*%'$(1',%1$*;*2"/1'%N1T

**GG*****I"(U*D*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"UDCC*&&&%X;<:989U?&D@&.<B9A<:&<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$*O2)0'1$UDCD****5H<7I5e*eOIJ5eP*̀ U*SU=*[6<C>@F7:&D@&\9><:<VH7&D@>&"@6@8G<&O&D@>&%:B7D<L&N9;UB@:9:

;767&=?7&\9><:<VH7&+?B9G@5@FU?987&D@>&"@6@8G<&O&D@>&%:B7D<U*+1&#88*W#")1'2$H&%(2"#$U*b#",#"1*H&%,%6'U*+18#',%1*[+#'#N0#81]P*BCCFU*--U*pCTpDU

Ulises Daal

88

,%2'#$*&#8*-0#382*,2'*-8#'2*"#$-#(2*1*$0*10(2'2)Z1P*,2)2*L'%,1*)1'#"1-1"1*82/"1"*#8*#R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#*81*$23#"1'Z1*#'*-"2$-#,,%6'*&#*18,1'N1"#8* V9?& :=;6@F<* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18U

XEXE 89C>:<8B'"9'A=:'>;:<=;->=:'"9A'7B"98'7B7DA=8M'-B889:7B;"9;->='"9':D:'7A=;9:'-B;'9A'7"9:;

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g%/%"*"#/%$("2*18/0'2-1"1* $0* >0',%2'1)%#'(2P* ;*)#'2$*1'(#*0'*2"/1'%$)2*&#-#'&%#'(#*&#8H$(1&2P*-2"Y0#* ,2'*#882*^1>%")1'^*$#*#$(1"Z1* 8%)%(1'&2* 81* 10(2'2)Z1&#*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1P*;*Y0#*n1)1""1"o*81*>2")081,%6'*&#*$0$*-81T'#$*1*82$*8%'#1)%#'(2$*&#8*!5H.J*#$*0'1*>2")1*&#*Y0#*#8*!2&#"*HR#,0(%:2J1,%2'18*#R#"N1* ,2'("28* $23"#*#881$U

XEXEHE ''89C>:<8B'"9'A=:'>;:<=;->=:'"9A'7B"98'7B7DA=8!1"1*Y0#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*-0#&1'* ,2'$(%(0%"$#*#>#,(%:1)#'(#*#'

%'$(1',%1$*&#*10(2/23%#"'2P*#$*&#,%"P*,2'*,1-1,%&1&*8#/18*-1"1*#8*#R#",%,%2&#* 81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$*#'*$0$* "#$-#,(%:2$*X)3%(2$*/#2/"X>%,2$P* "#Y0%#T"#'*&#*$0*"#,2'2,%)%#'(2*,2)2*(18*#'*81*8#/%$81,%6'*:#'#N281'1P*;*#'*#$#$#'(%&2*^,2'*31$#*#'*81$*#g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b#""%(2"%18]c* &#'2)%'1,%2'#$=* /07:$&>" /07:$&%P* Y0#* ,2)2"#$08(1"X* >X,%8* 1&%:%'1"P*&#"%:1'*&#* /07:$+1&1L


89

<1$* %'$(1',%1$* ;* 2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8* !2&#"*!2-081"* "#Y0%#"#'*&#8"#/%$("2*1'(#*#8*#'(#*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2*#$(138#,%&2*-2"* 81* 8#;P*)#&%1'T(#* #8* ,018* 1&Y0%#"1'* 81* "#$-#,(%:1* -#"$2'18%&1&* R0"Z&%,1P* -2"Y0#* 1&#T)X$* &#* -2&#"* "#18%N1"* 1,(%:%&1&#$* &#* 10(2/#$(%6'P* (1)3%a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c*;*-2"(1'(2P*#8*H$(1&2*&#3#*1$#/0"1"$#* 81*,1-1,%&1&*-1"1* 81* %)-2$%,%6'*&#* 81$"#$-2'$13%8%&1&#$*Y0#*,2""#$-2'&1'P*#'*#8*,1$2*&#*Y0#*#8*)1'#R2*&#*82$"#,0"$2$*'2*$#* "#18%,#*1(#'&%#'&2*1* 81$*&%$-2$%,%2'#$* 8#/18#$*;* (a,'%,1$P1$Z*,2)2*1*81$*&#,%$%2'#$*&#*81*1$1)38#1*&#*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$P*;1Y0#*$#*("1(1*&#*"#,0"$2$*-#"(#'#,%#'(#$*1*(2&1* 81*$2,%#&1&*:#'#N281'1U

XEXELE'''IB8@DA=->?;'"9'7A=;9:'-B@D;=A9:

'''9;'-B889:7B;"9;->='-B;'9A'7A=;'"9'"9:=88BAAB

'''9-B;?@>-B'M':B->=A'"9'A=';=->?;

<1$* %'$(1',%1$* &#8* !2&#"* !2-081"* &#3#'* >2")081"* $0$* -"2;#,(2$&#*&#$1""2882* $#/L'* 81$* '#,#$%&1&#$* ;* -2(#',%18%&1&#$*-"2-%1$* &#* $0$"#$-#,(%:2$* X)3%(2$* /#2/"X>%,2$P* -#"2* 1(#'&%#'&2* (1)3%a'* 1* 82$8%'#1)%#'(2$* /#'#"18#$* &#8* !5H.JP* -2"Y0#* a$(#* ,2'$(%(0;#* #8* &2,0T)#'(2*"#,(2"*&#*81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*-L38%,1*&#8*-1Z$P*#$(138#,%&2*#'*81*OKM+P,0;1*>2")081,%6'*;*#R#,0,%6'P*-"#:%1*1-"231,%6'*&#*81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2T'18*[I"($U*D@?U@*;*BEAUD@]*#$*1("%30,%6'*&#8*!"#$%&#'(#*&#*81*K#-L38%,1c*;#'*,2""#$-2'&#',%1*,2'*82*&%$-0#$(2*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*BGG*OKM+*[$23"#*#8"a/%)#'* $2,%2#,2'6)%,2* &#* 81* K#-L38%,1]P* #8* !5H.J*&#3#* 1(#'&#"* 1E=?7&;>7?9V98789U?&@:B67BP5987&D@F<86JB987T&;76B989;7B9A7&O&D@&8<?:=>B77C9@6B7KP* ,2)2* $#* V%N2* ,2'* #8* -81'* ,2""#$-2'&%#'(#* 18* -#"%2&2* BCDETBCDG*[99*!81'*.2,%18%$(1*&#*81*J1,%6']U

<2$* $#\181)%#'(2$* &#* 82$* &#0&2$* &#8* :%#R2*)2&#82* $2,%18* -#"$%T/0#'*&#$-2R1"*1*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*&#*81*,1-1,%&1&*-1"1*#R#"T,#"*#8*&#"#,V2*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*#'*81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%T,1$P* -2"Y0#* $%* 81$* 2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* (#""%(2"%18#$* ;* $#,(2"%18#$* &#8* -0#382

Ulises Daal

90

'2*,0#'(1'*,2'*-#"$2'18%&1&*R0"Z&%,1*;*'2*$#*1"(%,081'*[@?&O&7&;76B96&D@>7&8<F=?9D7D]*18*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'P*'2-2&"X'* #R#",#"* #>#,(%:1)#'(#* #$#*&#"#,V2P* ,2'* 82* ,018* $#* ,2':#"(%"Z1#'* >@B67&F=@6B7* [#$(138#,%&2P* -#"2* $%'*-2$%3%8%&1&*#R#",#"$#P* ,2)2* $0T,#&#*#'*#8*H$(1&2*<%3#"18]* ;*&#*#$1*)1'#"1* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1$#"Z1*$0$(%(0%&1*-2"*81*%'(#")#&%1,%6'*[D<F9?789U?]*&#*82$*-1"(%&2$*-28ZT(%,2$* n,2)2* 6@;6@:@?B7?B@:* &#* /"1'&#$*'L,8#2$*'1,%2'18#$UoDCB

O2)2* $2$(%#'#*M"%,#\2*Sa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

_1*$#*V1*&%,V2*#'*#8*,1-Z(082*9P*Y0#*>7:&P>9B@:&;<>HB987:T*@8<?UF987:&O8=>B=67>@:&D@V@?:<67:&D@>&A9@Y<&F<D@><&:@&6@:9:B96J?&7>&?789F9@?B<&O&D@:7S66<>><&D@>&?=@A<&<6D@?&:<897>T&A7>9P?D<:@&D@&B<D<&><&I=@&@:BP&7&:=&7>87?8@;767&B67B76&D@&9F;@D96><T&9?8>=:<&D@&>7&;6<;97&,<?:B9B=89U?T&B@659A@6:J?D<S>7U*_*#$*1$Z*,2)2*#$1$*a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

DCB*****H$(138#,%&2*1$Z*#'*#8*&2,0)#'(2*&#8&[78B<&D@&[=?B<&\9Y<LDCE*****MK9OHÇe*SzJ5HiP*SIJhH<=*&#$(1,1&2*/#6/"1>2P*-"2>#$2"*0'%:#"$%(1"%2*;*&%-0(1&2

1* 81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81U* <1* "#>#T"#',%1*#$*n1*-0'(1*&#*)#)2"%1o*&#8*10(2"P*$23"#*0'1*%'(#":#',%6'*&#*M"%,#\2Sa'&#N*#'*0'*&#31(#* "#18%N1&2*#'*#8*1\2*BCDC*$23"#* 81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"U


91

"#,V2*1*>7&;7Z&;*0'1*A9D7&D95?7P*$%'2*,2'*81*-"#(#'$%6'*&#&E%:B7C>@8@6&>7;6@@F9?@?897&D@& >7&;6<;9@D7D&;69A7D7T& V6@?B@&7& >7&;6<;9@D7D&@:B7B7>T&@?@:;@897>&>7&D@&7I=@>><:&78B9A<:&O&:@8B<6@:&D<?D@&>7&@A9D@?897&G9:BU6987&D@SF=@:B67& :=&F7O<6&@V989@?897KUDCF

DCF*****SH.I*5H*<I*hJ95I5*5HSeOKfb9OI*u10(2&#'2)%'1,%6'*&#*81*2"/1'%N1,%6'*Y0#*1/"0-11*82$*-1"(%&2$*&#*&#"#,V1*#'*+#'#N0#81w=**9?@7F9@?B<:&;767&@>&;6<567F7&D@5<C9@6?<& D@& =?9D7D& ?789<?7>& hfbeShfbcL* <%'#1)%#'(2* p@?=* V((-=rr%)/BU'2(%,%1$BFU,2)rDBCDr8%'#1)%#'(2$BCDBU-&>

Ulises Daal

92


93

VE'K/\1).('%&+'7.%&5'7.G0+,5

Ulises Daal

94


95

]E'K@3><B:'"9A'7B"98'7B7DA=8

H8*!2&#"*!2-081"&#$*&#>%'%&2*#'*$0**@O&.768<DCpP*,2)2*n#8*#R#"T,%,%2*-8#'2*&#*81*$23#"1'Z1*-2"*-1"(#*&#8*-0#382*#'*82*-28Z(%,2P*#,2'6T)%,2P* $2,%18P* ,08(0"18P* 1)3%#'(18P* %'(#"'1,%2'18P* ;*#'* (2&2*X)3%(2*&#8&#$#':28:%)%#'(2* ;* &#$1""2882* &#* 81* $2,%#&1&P* 1* ("1:a$* &#* $0$* &%:#"T$1$*;*&%$Z)%8#$* >2")1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'oDCAP*-2"* 82*Y0#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6',%0&1&1'1*1*("1:a$*&#* 81*2"/1'%N1,%6'*$2,%18* [[<D@6&[<;=>76]*'2*(%#'#8%)%(1,%2'#$*#'*,01'(2*1* 82$*&%>#"#'(#$*X)3%(2$*&#*81*$2,%#&1&P*,2)2(1)-2,2*#$(X*$0R#(1*1*"#$("%,,%2'#$*#'*"#81,%6'*1*$0$*>2")1$*&#*2"/1T'%N1,%6'DC?P* $%#)-"#* Y0#* 81$*)%$)1$* $#* ,2'$(%(0;1'* ,2'* 31$#* #'* 81$&%$-2$%,%2'#$* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$* ;* 8#/18#$* ;* -"#:18#,%#'&2* #'* #882* #8%'(#"a$*,28#,(%:2*$23"#*#8*-1"(%,081"U*H'*#$#*$#'(%&2P*$#*V1'*#$(138#,%T&2*,2)2*X)3%(2$*&#*1,(01,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"=* >7&[>7?9V98789U?&D@[<>HB987:&[QC>987:T&>7&%8<?<FH7&,<F=?7>T&>7&,<?B67><6H7&'<897>T&>7&-6D@S?789U?&O&R@:B9U?&D@>&(@669B<69<&;&>7&]=:B9897&,<F=?7>L

DCp* * *5#*1,0#"&2*1*81*,81$%>%,1,%6'*#$(138#,%&1*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*BCE*OKM+*$23"#*82$(%-2$*&#* 8#;#$*2"/X'%,1$P* 0'1* <#;*S1",2*#$* 1Y0#881*Y0#* $%":#'*&#*)1",2'2")1(%:2*1*2("1$*8#;#$c*,2'$%&#"X'&2$#*1$Z*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-0T81"P*;1*Y0#*,2'(#)-81*82$*8%'#1)%#'(2$*/#'#"18#$*$23"#*#8*&#"#,V2*1*81*-1"T(%,%-1,%6'* ,%0&1&1'1P*Y0#* $2'*&#$1""2881&2$*#'* 81$*2("1$* 8#;#$*&#8* !2&#"!2-081"U

DCA***I"(U*B*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"UDC?****JÉÇHi*SeK<H.P*Of.beKU*{-U*O%(U*-U*DpU*<1*-1"(#*>%'18*&#8*I"(U*?C*OKM+*#$(138#,#P

80#/2*&#*0'*#g(#'$2*8%$(1&2*$23"#**><:&F@D9<:&D@&;76B989;789U?&O&;6<B75<?9:F<D@>&;=@C><&@?&@Y@68989<&D@&:=&:<C@67?H7W*ELLLO&D@FJ:&V<6F7:&7:<897B9A7:&5=97D7:;<6&><:&A7><6@:&D@&>7&F=B=7&8<<;@6789U?&O&>7&:<>9D769D7DKL

Ulises Daal

96

]EHE 7A=;>I>-=->?;'"9'7BAO<>-=:'7J3A>-=:!2"* ,2'$%&#"1"*Y0#*#$(#* X)3%(2*&#*1,(01,%6'*&#8* !2&#"*!2-081"P

"#81(%:2*18*&#"#,V2*&#* 82$* ,%0&1&1'2$*;* ,%0&1&1'1$*2"/1'%N1&2$* [@?&O&7;76B96*&#*81*,2)0'%&1&]*&#*-1"(%,%-1"*&%"#,(1)#'(#*#'*81*>2")1,%6'P*#R#T,0,%6'*;* ,2'("28*&#* 81* /#$(%6'*-L38%,1P*V1* $%&2*#g(#'$1)#'(#*#g-0#$(2#'* 82$* ,1-Z(082$* -"#,#&#'(#$P* 1$Z* ,2)2*^$#* 1$-%"1^* $0>%,%#'(#)#'(#,81"%>%,1&2*#'*,01'(2*1*$0* >0'&1)#'(1,%6'*,2'$(%(0,%2'18P* $682*$#* ("1(1T"X'*1Y0Z*82$*,01("2*X)3%(2$*"#$(1'(#$U

]ELE 9-B;B@O='-B@D;=A

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g,#&#'T(#P*1$Z*,2)2*,2'("%30%"*,2'*#8*&#$1""2882*$2,%18*%'(#/"18*&#8*-1Z$P*&#*)1'#T"1* $0$(#'(138#* ;* $2$(#'%38#UDCG

<1*;6<;9@D7D&:<897>&8<F=?7>*'2*,2'$(%(0;#*81*'#/1,%6'*&#*82$*2("2$(%-2$*&#*-"2-%#&1&* [;QC>987* ;*;69A7D7]* (1)3%a'* "#,2'2,%&2$*#'* 81*OKM+P$%'2*Y0#P* #'*&#$1""2882*&#* 81$*'2")1$* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$P*&#)2,"1(%N1*#8-"2,#$2*#,2'6)%,2*&#8*-1Z$*18*,"#1"*0'*(#",#"*(%-2*&#*-"2-%#&1&=*81*.2,%18O2)0'18P*-1"1*,2',"#(1"*82$*&#"#,V2$*&#8*-0#382*,2'(#)-81&2$*#'*81*OKM+=

Q <1* #79)#.&" /07:$+*&)+&* ,2)2* )#&%2* &#* -1"(%,%-1,%6'* ;-"2(1/2'%$)2*&#8*-0#382*#'*#R#",%,%2*&#*$0*$23#"1'Z1*[I"(U*?C]U

Q H8*1#)#/@0"1#"%0."*)&4&F&10)#."!"%&."/07:$+1&1#.&;767&D@:766<>>767:<89789<?@:&D@&876J8B@6&:<897>&O&;76B989;7B9A<&;767&F@Y<676&>7&#/02$07?&"909:%&)"!"&%*#)$&*+8&"[I"(U*DD@]U

Q <1*9&)*+/+9&/+5$"1#" %&."/07:$+1&1#."#$" %0."9)0/#.0."#/0$57+/0.@:B9F=>7?D<&>7:&@X;6@:9<?@:&D@&>7&#/0$07?&".0/+&%*[I"(U*D@FUE]U

DC@*****I"(U*EC@*OKM+UDCG*****I"(U*D@*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"U


97

Q <1*9&)*+/+9&/+5$"1#"%0."*)&4&F&10)#."!"/07:$+1&1#."#$"%&"(#.*+5$1#" %&."#79)#.&."9L4%+/&.&F@D97?B@&F@87?9:F<:&7=B<5@:B9<?769<:O&8<5@:B9<?769<:*[I"(U*D@FUF]U

Q <1* 86@789U?& #79)#.&." /07:$&%#." D@& :@6A989<:T& 8<F<& V=@?B@:5@?@67D<67:&D@&@F;>@<&O&D@&C9@?@:B76&:<897>"[I"(U*D@FUp]U

Q <1*-"2(#,,%6'*;*-"2)2,%6'&-2"*-1"(#*&#8*H$(1&2&D@&8=7>I=9@6&V<6F7D@&&.0/+&/+5$" /07:$+*&)+&&4&F0" )V(+7#$"1#"9)09+#1&1" /0%#/*+8&[I"(U*EC@]LH$(#*X)3%(2*&#*1,(01,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*#$(X*&#$1""2881&2*&#

)1'#"1*#$-#,Z>%,1*#'*81**@O&-65J?987&D@>&'9:B@F7&%8<?UF98<&,<F=?7>DDCP#'* 81*,018*$#*#$(138#,#'* 81$*'2")1$P*-"%',%-%2$*;*-"2,#&%)%#'(2$*-1"1* 81,"#1,%6'P* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*;*&#$1""2882*&#8* $%$(#)1*#,2'6)%,2* ,2)0'18P,2'$(%(0%&2*-2"*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*31R2* "a/%)#'*&#*-"2T-%#&1&*$2,%18*,2)0'18P*,0;1*,"#1,%6'*-0#&#*$#"* %)-08$1&1*-2"=

Q <1$* %'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"* [O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$P*O2)0'1$PO%0&1&#$*O2)0'18#$y]P*,2'$(%(0;#'&2*1$Z*#)-"#$1$*&#*[6<;9@D7D'<897>&,<F=?7>&"96@8B7U

Q H8*!2&#"*!L38%,2=*#)-"#$1$*&#*[6<;9@D7D&'<897>&,<F=?7>& 0?D96@8B7UQ I,0#"&2*#'("#*#8*!2&#"*!2-081"* ;*#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2=*#)-"#$1$*&#

[6<;9@D7D&'<897>&,<F=?7>&.9XB7DDDU<2$*)#&%2$*&#*-"2&0,,%6'*1$Z* ,2'$(%(0%&2$*#$(X'*&#$(%'1&2$*1* 81

/#'#"1,%6'*&#*#)-8#2*#'* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$P* 81*-"2&0,,%6'P*&%$("%30,%6'P%'(#",1)3%2*;* ,2'$0)2*&#*3%#'#$*;* $#":%,%2$*&#*,18%&1&*;*1*31R2* ,2$(2P&1&2*Y0#*10'Y0#*&#3#*/1"1'(%N1"$#*81*$2$(#'%3%8%&1&*&#*81$*#)-"#$1$*&#-"2-%#&1&*$2,%18P*$0*23R#(%:2*>0'&1)#'(18*'2*#$*81*/#'#"1,%6'*&#*/1'1'T,%1$P* $%'2* 81* $1(%$>1,,%6'* &#* 81$* '#,#$%&1&#$* &#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$* ;* 81"#%':#"$%6'* $2,%18*&#8*#g,#&#'(#* [57?7?897:T&=B9>9D7D@:]c* 82*Y0#* $%/'%>%,1#8* %)-08$2*&#* n0'*'0#:2* $%$(#)1*&#*1-"2-%1,%6'*&#* 81* "%Y0#N1*Y0#* $#1#g-"#$%6'*&#*0'1* %'(#"1,,%6'* %'&%:%&02T$2,%#&1&T'1(0"18#N1*31$1&2*#'#8*&#$1""2882*-8#'2*&#* 81$*-2(#',%18%&1&#$*V0)1'1$oP*,0;2*&#$1""2882*'2,2'&0N,1*1*0'*)2&#82*Y0#*$0$(%(0;1*18*,1-%(18%$)2*-"%:1&2*-2"*#8*,1-%(1T8%$)2*&#*H$(1&2P* $%'2*Y0#* n/#'#"#* ;* ,2'$28%&#*2("2* uyw* #$#',%18)#'(#

DDC*****71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUCDD*Hg("12"&UrBDTDBTBCDCUDDD*****I"(U*DU*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*.%$(#)1*H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18U

Ulises Daal

98

2"%#'(1&2*18*&#$-8%#/0#*&#* 81*-2(#',%18%&1&*&#8*-"2&0,(2"*&%"#,(2*,2)2>0#"N1* $2,%18* 1* ("1:a$*&#* 81* ,018* #8* ("131R1&2"* ;* 81* ("131R1&2"1*-0#&1'"#1-"2-%1"$#*&#* $0*:#"&1&#"1*#$#',%1* ,2)2*-#"$2'1$* 8%3"#$*#* %'&#-#'T&%#'(#$*#* %'%,%1"*1$Z* $0*:#"&1&#"1*#)1',%-1,%6'*V0)1'1UoDDB

H'*#$#* $#'(%&2P* #8* $%$(#)1*#,2'6)%,2* ,2)0'18* #$(X*2"%#'(1&2*1Y0#*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*[@?&O&7&;76B96*&#*81*,2)0'%&1&]P*,2'*81,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 82$* 10(2/23%#"'2$* ,2)0'18#$* ;* &#* $0$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$* #'* ,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&* ,2'* #8* H$(1&2P* ,2':%#"(1'* #'$0$(#'(138#$* 82$* X)3%(2$* /#2/"X>%,2$*&2'&#*V13%(1'c* #$*&#,%"P* 18,1',#'#8* #R#",%,%2*-8#'2*&#* 81* $23#"1'Z1*@?& :=:& B@669B<69<:P* 18* &%$-2'#"*&#* :=:;6<;97:& V<6F7:&D@&5<C9@6?<* ;*F@D9<:&D@&;6<D=889U?* -1"1* 81*/#'#"1,%6'&#*#)-8#2P* $1(%$>1,,%6'*&#*'#,#$%&1&#$*&#* $0$*V13%(1'(#$P*&%$("%30,%6'#*%'(#",1)3%2*&#*3%#'#$*;*$#":%,%2$P*;*&#$(%'1"*#8*#g,#&#'(#*&#*$0$*1,(%T:%&1&#$*#,2'6)%,1$*1*)#R2"1"*81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*&#*:%&1*#'*81*,2)0'%&1&c;*&#*#$1*)1'#"1P*$0-#"1"*E>7&8=>B=67&;<>HB987&5@?@67D7&;<6&B7?B7:&DP87SD7:&D@&;7B@6?7>9:F<&@:B7B7>&O&D@>&D<F9?9<&D@& >7:&8Q;=>7:&;76B9D9:B7:KDDEP$#*8%3"#'*&#*81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*&#*#g-82(1,%6'*&#*81$*>2")1$*&#*81*#,2'2)Z1,1-%(18%$(1*18*V1,#"$#*&0#\2$*&#*$0*-"2-%2*&#$(%'2P*;*,2'("%30;1'*,2'*81$23#"1'Z1*1/"218%)#'(1"%1*;*#8*&#$1""2882*#,2'6)%,2*;*$2,%18*%'(#/"18*&#8-1Z$P* ,2'*#8* %)-08$2*&#8*)2&#82*-"2&0,(%:2* $2,%18%$(1*328%:1"%1'2U

!1"1*#8* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*&#* 81$*#)-"#$1$*,2)0'18#$P* $#*&%$-2'#* 81,"#1,%6'*&#* ("#$* >2'&2$* %'(#"'2$=*\<?D<&D@&F7?B@?9F9@?B<&;6<D=8B9A<=&#$(%'1&2*1*/1"1'(%N1"*#8*,%,82*-"2&0,(%:2*;*3"%'&1"*0'1*"#$-0#$(1*#>%,1N*181$*,2'(%'/#',%1$*$0"/%&1$*#'*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#*81*1,(%:%&1&*-"2&0,(%:1c*\<?D<D@&7B@?89U?&7&><:&;6<D=8B<6@:&O&;6<D=8B<67:*[("131R1&2"#$*;*("131R1&2"1$]=-1"1*,03"%"* 81$*'#,#$%&1&#$* %)-"#:%$(1$*&#* 82$* %'(#/"1'(#$*&#* 81*2"/1'%N1T,%6'*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1* [$%(01,%2'#$*&#*,2'(%'/#',%1P*#)#"/#',%1*2*-"238#T)1$*&#*$180&]*Y0#*'2*-0#&1'*$#"*,03%#"(1$*-2"*82$*1>#,(1&2$*2*Y0#*'2*$##',0#'("#'*#'("#*82$*$#":%,%2$*3"%'&1&2$*-2"*#8*H$(1&2c*;&\<?D<&8<F=?9B7S69<&;767&>7&6@9?A@6:9U?&:<897>=*,2'$(%(0%&2*-2"*"#,0"$2$*>%'1',%#"2$*#g,#&#'T(#$*&#8*-"2,#$2*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:2P*81*)1;2"*-1"(#*&#*82$*,018#$*$#"X'*("1'$T

DDB******f<+IKHi*KUP*+}ObeK=*"@>&%:B7D<&1=6<86JB98<&7>&%:B7D<&,<F=?7>U*O#'("2*9'(#"'1,%2T'18U*S%"1'&1U*O1"1,1$P*BCDCU*--U*??T?@U

DDE* * * * HSTOKM+P* $23"#*#8* bZ(082* 999P* O1-Z(082* 9+=*5#* 82$*&#"#,V2$*-28Z(%,2$* ;*&#8"#>#"#'&2*-2-081"U


99

>#"%&2$*-2"* 81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*1* 81* %'$(1',%1*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"*1* 81*Y0#*-#"(#'#N,1'* [O2'$#R2*O2)0'18P*O2)0'1P*O%0&1&*O2)0T'18y]P*;*81*2("1*-1"(#*^,2)2*,2'("%30,%6'*18*&#$1""2882*$2,%18*%'(#/"18*&#8-1Z$^*&#$(%'1&1*1*0'*>2'&2*'1,%2'18*&#*1-2;2*1*81*#,2'2)Z1*,2)0'18DDFL

]EUE -B;<8=AB8O=':B->=A<1* ,2'("182"Z1* $2,%18* #$* 0'* n)#&%2* &#* -1"(%,%-1,%6'* ;* &#

,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*&#* 82$* ,%0&1&1'2$P* 81$* ,%0&1&1'1$*;* $0$*2"/1'%N1,%2T'#$*$2,%18#$P*)#&%1'(#*#8*#R#",%,%2*,2)-1"(%&2P*#'("#*#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2*;#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P*&#* 81* >0',%6'*&#*-"#:#',%6'P* :%/%81',%1P* $0-#":%$%6'P* ;,2'("28* $23"#* 81*/#$(%6'*-L38%,1*;* ,2)0'%(1"%1P* ,2)2*&#* 81$*1,(%:%&1&#$&#8* $#,(2"*-"%:1&2*Y0#* %',%&1'*#'* 82$* %'(#"#$#$* ,28#,(%:2$*;* $2,%18#$oDDpP2"%#'(1&1* 1* /1"1'(%N1"* nY0#* 81* %':#"$%6'* -L38%,1* $#* "#18%,#* &#*)1'#"1("1'$-1"#'(#*;*#>%,%#'(#*#'*3#'#>%,%2*&#* 82$* %'(#"#$#$*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&P* ;Y0#*81$*1,(%:%&1&#$*&#8*$#,(2"*-"%:1&2*'2*1>#,(#'*82$*%'(#"#$#$*,28#,(%:2$2* $2,%18#$oDDAU

<1* >0'&1)#'(1,%6'*-1"1*#$(138#,#"*#8*,2'("28*$2,%18*,2)2*X)3%(2&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*$#*#',0#'("1*#'* 81$*&%$-2$%,%2'#$*,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$*&#82$* 1"(Z,082$=* pDP* $23"#* #8* &#"#,V2*&#* (2&1*-#"$2'1* n&#* "#-"#$#'(1"* 2&%"%/%"*-#(%,%2'#$*1'(#*,018Y0%#"*10(2"%&1&P*>0',%2'1"%2*-L38%,2*2*>0',%2T'1"%1*-L38%,1* $23"#* 82$*1$0'(2$*Y0#* $#1'*&#* 81* ,2)-#(#',%1*&#*a$(2$*2a$(1$P* ;*&#*23(#'#"*2-2"(0'1* ;* 1&#,01&1* "#$-0#$(1oc* AB=*5#"#,V2*&#8-0#382*1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*n#'*81*>2")1,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*!"/0$*)0%*&#*81*/#$T(%6'*-L38%,1oc*DFD=*n<1*I&)%'%$("1,%6'*!L38%,1*#$(X*18*$#":%,%2*&#*82$*,%0T&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*;*$#*>0'&1)#'(1*#'*82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#*V2'#$(%&1&P9&)*+/+9&/+5$P* ,#8#"%&1&P*#>%,1,%1P*#>%,%#',%1P* ("1'$-1"#',%1P* )#$1+/+5$"1#/:#$*&.* ;* "#$-2'$13%8%&1&*#'*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#* 81* >0',%6'*-L38%,1oc*DFE=*H8&#"#,V2*&#*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*n&".#)"+$60)7&10."#"+$60)7&1&.090)*:$&"!"8#)&,7#$*#*-2"*81*I&)%'%$("1,%6'*!L38%,1P*$23"#*#8*#$(1&2*&#81$*1,(01,%2'#$*#'*Y0#*#$(a'*&%"#,(1)#'(#* %'(#"#$1&2$*#* %'(#"#$1&1$P*;

DDF*****I"($U*ABP*AEP*AF*;*Ap*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*.%$(#)1*H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18UDDp*****I"(U*D*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*O2'("182"Z1*.2,%18=*71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUCDD*Hg("12"&Ur

BDUDBUBCDCUDDA*****93Z&#)U*I"(U*BU

Ulises Daal

100

1* ,2'2,#"* 81$* "#$280,%2'#$*&#>%'%(%:1$*Y0#* $#*1&2-(#'* $23"#*#8*-1"(%,0T81"oP*1$Z*,2)2*1*(#'#"*n&//#.0"&"%0."&)/@+80."!")#(+.*)0."&17+$+.*)&*+80.P$%'* -#"R0%,%2* &#* 82$* 8Z)%(#$* 1,#-(138#$* &#'("2*&#*0'1* $2,%#&1&*&#)2T,"X(%,1*#'*)1(#"%1$* "#81(%:1$*1* $#/0"%&1&* %'(#"%2"* ;*#g(#"%2"P* 1* %':#$(%/1T,%6'*,"%)%'18*;*1*81*%'(%)%&1&*&#*81*:%&1*-"%:1&1oc*;*BGG=*"#81(%:2*1*Y0#*#8$%$(#)1* $2,%2#,2'6)%,2*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*^Y0#* %',80;#*18* $#,(2"*-"%:1T&2^*$#* >0'&1)#'(1*#'* 81* R0$(%,%1*$2,%18*n-1"1* 82/"1"*0'1* R0$(1*&%$("%30T,%6'*&#* 81* "%Y0#N1*)#&%1'(#*0'1*-81'%>%,1,%6'*#$("1(a/%,1*1#70/)-*+/&>9&)*+/+9&*+8&"!"1#"/0$.:%*&"&4+#)*&oU

<2$*23R#(%:2$*&#*81*8#;*$#*,0)-8#'*)#&%1'(#*81*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&#'("#*#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*;*#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2P*,2)2*$#*V1*-0#$(2*#'*-"X,(%,11'(#*$%(01,%2'#$*&#*%',"#)#'(2$*%8#/18#$*&#*-"#,%2$*;*1,1-1"1)%#'(2*&#18%)#'(2$*;*3%#'#$*2*#$(1>1$* %')23%8%1"%1$*Y0#* $#*V1'*-"#$#'(1&2*#'*#8-1Z$P*;*Y0#*V1'*$%&2*#'>"#'(1&1$*;*&#""2(1&1$*-2"*81*1,,%6'*&#*82$*,%0&1T&1'2$*2"/1'%N1&2$*;*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*H$(1&2U*!#"2*#$*&#*&#$(1,1"*Y0##8*-"2-6$%(2*>0'&1)#'(18*&#*81*,2'("182"Z1*$2,%18*#$*n%&"9)#8#$/+5$"!"/02))#//+5$*&#*,2)-2"(1)%#'(2$P*1,(%(0&#$*;*1,,%2'#$*Y0#*$#1'*,2'("1"%2$*182$* %'(#"#$#$*$2,%18#$*;*1* 81*a(%,1*#'*#8*&#$#)-#\2*&#* 81$* >0',%2'#$*-LT38%,1P*1$Z*,2)2*#'* 81$*1,(%:%&1&#$*&#*-"2&0,,%6'P*&%$("%30,%6'P* %'(#",1)T3%2P* ,2)#",%18%N1,%6'*;* $0)%'%$("2*&#*3%#'#$*;* $#":%,%2$*'#,#$1"%2$*-1"181*-2381,%6'P* "#18%N1&1$*-2"* #8* $#,(2"*-"%:1&2oDD?c* Y0#*-#"$%/0#P* -"%',%T-18)#'(#P*,"#1"*#'*81*$2,%#&1&*=?7&8=>B=67&Y0#*"#/08#*n81$*&#$:%1,%2'#$,2'*"#$-#,(2*1*0'1*&#(#")%'1&1*'2")1*Y0#*-10(1*0'*,2'R0'(2*&#*,2'T&0,(1$*&#$#138#$o*;*Y0#*,2'&0N,1*1*/#'#"1"*#8*7=B<8<?B6<>*,2)2*81*>2"T)1*)X$*-2&#"2$1*&#*,2'("28P*-#"2*Y0#*V1$(1*(1'(2*'2*$#*/#'#"#*1*-8#'%T(0&*81*8=>B=67&D@&8<?B6<>&:<897>*1*Y0#*$#*"#>%#"#*#8*1"(Z,082*p*&#*81*<#;P*n#$'#,#$1"%2*#8*,2'("28*#g6/#'2*#R#",%&2*-2"*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$oDD@*;*81$*2"/1T'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%18#$U

DD?*****I"(U*E*93Z&#)UDD@*****H<`hK9P*H<}I.=*,<?B6<>&:<897>L*5%1"%2*O2""#2*&#8*e"%'2,2*[O1"1,1$]=*BFUCBUBCDEU*-U*AU


101

]EXE B8"9;=->?;'<988><B8>=A

.#*$0$(#'(1*#$(#*X)3%(2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*DB@*OKM+P#'*,01'(2*1*Y0#*81*-28Z(%,1*&#*2"&#'1,%6'*&#8*(#""%(2"%2*&#3#*1(#'&#"*n181$* "#18%&1&#$* #,286/%,1$P* /#2/"X>%,1$P* -2381,%2'18#$P* $2,%18#$P* ,08(0"1T8#$P* #,2'6)%,1$P* -28Z(%,1$P* &#* 1,0#"&2* ,2'* 81$* -"#)%$1$*&#8* &#$1""2882$0$(#'(138#P*A:#"+$/%:!&"%&"+$60)7&/+5$>"/0$.:%*&"!"9&)*+/+9&/+5$"/+:1&21&$&oP* 1$Z* ,2)2*#'*#8* 1"(Z,082*D?EP* "#81(%:2*1*Y0#* 81* ,"#1,%6'*&#*<B67:@?B9D7D@:&><87>@:*[&%$(%'(1$*1*82$*)0'%,%-%2$*;*81$*-1""2Y0%1$]*n1(#'&#"X*181* %'%,%1(%:1* :#,%'18* 2* ,2)0'%(1"%1oc* "#$08(1'&2*&#* #$1*)1'#"1* >0'&1T)#'(18*#$(#*X)3%(2*-1"1* 81* %)-8#)#'(1,%6'*&#8*S2&#82*j#&#"18*O22-#T"1(%:2*;*1$Z*-2&#"*1:1'N1"*V1,%1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8* (#""%(2"%2*'1,%2'18P*#',2""#$-2'&#',%1*,2'*82*#$(138#,%&2*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*D@p*,2'$(%(0,%2'18P*Y0#-1$1*-2"*,2)-"#'&#"*Y0#*81*,2'$("0,,%6'*&#8*@:;789<&5@<56JV98<&:<897>9:SB7* n#g%/#*)2&18%&1&#$* &%>#"#'(#$* &#* /#$(%6'* &#* 81$* -28Z(%,1$* -L38%,1$&2'&#* (#'/1'* #g-"#$%6'* &%"#,(1* 82$* 1,(2"#$* $2,%18#$* 2"/1'%N1&2$* ;,2V#$%2'1&2$* #'* (2"'2* 1* 81$* 0'%&1&#$* (#""%(2"%18#$* #Y0%:18#'(#$* 1* $0$,2)-#(#',%1$P*;*1*R0"%$&%,,%2'#$*%'V#"#'(#$*1*0'1*(#""%(2"%18%&1&*"#,2'2T,%&1*-2"*81*1-"2-%1,%6'*;*#8*1$#'(1)%#'(2*)%$)2*&#*81*-2381,%6'*#'*80/1T"#$*Y0#*/#'#"#'*-#"(#'#',%1*#* %&#'(%&1&*/#2/"X>%,1oDDGP* ,2'* >0'&1)#'T(2*#'*#8*)2&#82*-"2&0,(%:2* $2,%18%$(1U

.#* ("1(1*&#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ,%0&1&1'1*#'*#8*&#$1""2882* (#""%(2"%18%'(#/"18P* Y0#* ,2'88#:1* $0-#"1"* 81* ,2',#-,%6'* ("1&%,%2'18* &#* 81*D9A9:9U?;<>HB98<SB@669B<697>*-2"*81*&#*<657?9Z789U?&O&5@:B9U?&D@>&B@669B<69<P*)#&%1'T(#*81*,"#1,%6'*;*&#$1""2882*&#*#$-1,%2$*$2,%2(#""%(2"%18#$*,2)2*81$*O2)0T'1$P* 81$* O%0&1&#$*O2)0'18#$P* 82$*5%$("%(2$*S2(2"#$* &#*5#$1""2882P* 82$HR#$*b#""%(2"%18#$UUUP*n-1"1* 81*,"#1,%6'P*,2'$28%&1,%6'*;* >2"(18#,%)%#'(2*&#81$*,1&#'1$*-"2&0,(%:1$*#'*$0*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2*1*("1:a$*&#8*%)-08$2*&#-"2;#,(2$*#,2'6)%,2$P* $2,%18#$P* ,%#'(Z>%,2$*;* (#,'286/%,2$P*&#$(%'1&2$*182/"1"*#8*&#$1""2882* %'(#/"18*&#* 81$* "#/%2'#$*;*#8* >2"(18#,%)%#'(2*&#8*!2T&#"* !2-081"oDBCP*)#&%1'(#* n81* &%$("%30,%6'* #$-1,%18* &#8* &#$1""2882* $0$T(#'(138#P*#'&6/#'2*;*$2,%18%$(1o*;* 81*2-(%)%N1,%6'*&#*n81$*:#'(1R1$*,2)T-1"1(%:1$* 82,18#$*;* "#/%2'18#$o*;* 82$*-81'#$*&#* %':#"$%6'*&#8*H$(1&2UDBD

DDG*****MK9OHÇe*SzJ5HiP*SIJhH<U*{-U*O%(UDBC****I"($U*A*;*EP*"#$-#,(%:1)#'(#P*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2*;

&#*$0*K#/81)#'(2UDBD****I"(U*DG*K#/81)#'(2*&#*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2U

Ulises Daal

102

]E]E ND:<>->='-B@D;=A

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nH'* ,1&1*!1""2TY0%1P*Y018Y0%#"1*Y0#*$#1*$0*-2381,%6'P*V13"X*0'1*I$1)38#1*!1""2Y0%18*#8&Z1*-"%)#"2*&#*J2:%#)3"#* ,1&1*Y01("2*1\2$oP* (#'%#'&2*#$1$*1$1)38#1$,2)2*>0',%2'#$*;*23R#(2P*#'("#*2("1$P*81*&#*nN074)&)"#%"E:#,"1#"K&,*&#*81!1""2Y0%1*;*&#* 82$*`#"1&2$o*['98W*I"(Z,082*FUFU*&#* 81*.#,,%6'*DÑ*&#8*bZ(082Fq]P* 1'(#*#8* ,018* &#3Z1'*-"#$#'(1"$#* n(2&1$* 81$*&#)1'&1$* ,%:Z8#$P* ;* 81$,"%)%'18#$*#'*Y0#*'2*-0#&1*-"2,#&#"$#*&#*2>%,%2U*H8*&#3#*2%"*X*81$*-1"(#$$%'*>%/0"1*&#*R0%,%2P*-"2,0"1'&2*("1'$%/%"81$P*;*"#&0,%"81$*1*,2',2"&%1P*3%#'-2"*$%P*3%#'*-2"*1"3%("2$P*6*1)%/138#$*,2)-2'#&2"#$*#'*Y0%#'#$*$#*,2)T-"2)#(1'o*['98W*I"(Z,082*@*&#*81*.#,,%6'*EÑ*&#8*bZ(082*Gq]U

H8*#$(138#,%)%#'(2*&#* 81* `0$(%,%1*O2)0'18*,2)2*X)3%(2*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"*$#* >0'&1)#'(1*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*BpE*OKM+P*#8*,018*&%$-2'#*Y0#*n81-2(#$(1&*&#*1&)%'%$("1"*R0$(%,%1*#)1'1*&#*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*;$#*%)-1"(#*#'*'2)3"#*&#*81*K#-L38%,1*-2"*10(2"%&1&*&#*81*8#;oP*;*Y0#*#8.%$(#)1*&#* `0$(%,%1*#$(X*,2'$(%(0%&2*-2"=

n#8*b"%30'18* .0-"#)2*&#* `0$(%,%1P* 82$*&#)X$* ("%30'18#$*Y0#*&#(#"T)%'#* 81* 8#;P* #8*S%'%$(#"%2*!L38%,2P* 81*5#>#'$2"Z1*!L38%,1P* 82$*6"/1T'2$* &#* %':#$(%/1,%6'*-#'18P* 82$* 2* 81$* 10g%8%1"#$* ;* >0',%2'1"%2$* 2>0',%2'1"%1$*&#*R0$(%,%1P*#8*$%$(#)1*-#'%(#',%1"%2P*%0."7#1+0."&%*#)2$&*+80."1#"F:.*+/+&P*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*2*,%0&1&1'1$*Y0#*-1"(%,%-1'*#'81*1&)%'%$("1,%6'*&#*R0$(%,%1*,2'>2")#*1*81*8#;*;*82$*132/1&2$*10(2T"%N1&2$*2*132/1&1$*10(2"%N1&1$*-1"1*#8*#R#",%,%2oU

H'*(1'(2*Y0#*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*Bp@*OKM+*$#*#$(138#,#*Y0#*E'&"%#!"0)(&2$+,&)-"%&"F:.*+/+&"1#"9&,"#$"%&."/07:$+1&1#.L&*<:&Y=@8@:&<&Y=@Z7:&D@&;7Z:@6J?&@>@59D<:&<&@>@59D7:&;<6&A<B789U?&=?9A@6:7>T&D96@8B7&O&:@86@B7T&8<?V<6SF@&7&>7&>@OKP*-2"*82*,018*$#*#$(138#,%6*81*Y=:B9897&8<F=?7>*[Y0#*,2)-"#'&#


103

(1)3%a'*81*Y=:B9897&D@&;7Z]*,2)2*X)3%(2*&#*!2&#"*!2-081"c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n,2)2*0'*)#,1'%$)2*13%#"(2*;* >8#g%38#*&#*&#$,#'("18%N1,%6'1* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*;* /"0-2$*:#,%'18#$*2"/1'%N1&2$P*.#" *)&$.6+#)#"1#" %0.7:$+/+9+0."&" %0." /+:1&1&$0."!" /+:1&1&$&."&" *)&8V."1#" %&." +$.*&$/+&."!0)(&$+,&/+0$#."1#%"K01#)"K09:%&)>" %&" /079#*#$/+&"1#" %&" F:.*+/+&"1#"9&,/07:$&%P*,2)2*%'(#/"1'(#*&#8*$%$(#)1*&#*R0$(%,%1P*1*82$*>%'#$*&#*,21&;0T:1"*#'* 81*,2':%:#',%1*-1,Z>%,1*#'("#* 82$*)%#)3"2$*&#* 81*,2)0'%&1&oU

5#*#$#*)2&2P* 81* >%'18%&1&*&#* 81* R0$(%,%1*-1NP* ("1&%,%2'18)#'(#*,%"T,0'$,"%(1*18*n82/"2*2*-"#$#":1,%6'*&#*81*1")2'Z1*#'*81$*"#81,%2'#$*>1)%8%1T"#$P*#'* 81* ,2':%:#',%1*:#,%'18* ;* ,2)0'%(1"%1oP*V1* $%&2*1)-8%1&1* (1)3%a'18*&#*E6@:<>A@6&><:&7:=?B<:&D@69A7D<:&D@>&@Y@68989<&D@>&D@6@8G<&7&>7&;76B989S;789U?& 89=D7D7?7T& 6@>789<?7D<& 8<?& >7:& 78B=789<?@:&D@& >7:& 9?:B7?897:& O<657?9Z789<?@:&D@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76oDBEP*,2'* 82*Y0#*$#*,2':%#"(#*#'*`0$(%,%1&#*!1N*O2)0'18P*2(2"/X'&2$#8#*&#*#$(1*)1'#"1*1*81*,2)0'%&1&P*1*("1:a$&#*82$*R0#,#$*;*R0#N1$*&#*-1N*,2)0'18P*81*-2(#$(1&*&#=

nuyw* (2)1"* &#,%$%2'#$P* 1* ("1:a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

DBB******71,#(1*e>%,%18*JÅ*EGUGDErCBTCpTBCDBUDBE******I"(U*D*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81*`0"%$&%,,%6'*H$-#,%18*&#*81*`0$(%,%1*&#*!1N*O2)0'18U

Ulises Daal

104

$%(01,%2'#$P* Y0#* #'* "1N6'* &#8* >0',%2'1)%#'(2* %'(#"'2* &#* #$1$%'$(1',%1$P* :08'#"#'P* 1>#,(#'* 2* "#$("%'R1'* #8* #R#",%,%2* &#8* &#"#T,V2*1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*18*-"2(1/2'%$)2*-2-081"Uo*[I"(U*E]

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

H'*#$#*$#'(%&2P*#8*R0#N*2*R0#N1*&#*-1N*,2)0'18*(%#'#*81*-2(#$(1&*D@7A7>76&78=@6D<:&:<C6@&>7&C7:@&D@&>7&AH7&8<?89>97B<697T&@>&D9J><5<T&>7&F@D97S89U?T& >7& 8<F;6@?:9U?& O& >7& 6@;76789U?&D@>& D7j<P* ;* $0$*&#,%$%2'#$*&#3#'>0'&1"$#*#'*n81*-"2-2",%2'18%&1&*;*1*81*,2'&%,%6'*"#18*&#*,1&1*0'1*&#*81$-1"(#$P*Y0#*,2'&0,#*1*&#,%&%"P*&#*)1'#"1* R0$(1P*,2'$("0,(%:1*;*-#"(%'#'T(#P*#8*1$0'(2*,2',"#(2*$2)#(%&2*1*$0*1"3%("%2P*2"%#'(X'&2$#*-1"1*#882*#'#8*-"%',%-%2* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18*&#* R0$(%,%1* $2,%18* ;* #'* 81$* 8#;#$* "#81,%2'1&1$,2'* 81*)1(#"%1oUDBF

I&#)X$P*18*,2""#$-2'&#"*1*81*R0"%$&%,,%6'*&#*81*R0$(%,%1*&#*-1N*,2)0T'18*81*>1,08(1&*E6@:<>A@6&><:&7:=?B<:&D@69A7D<:&D@>&@Y@68989<&D@>&D@6@8G<&7&>7;76B989;789U?&89=D7D7?7T&6@>789<?7D<&8<?&>7:&78B=789<?@:&D@&>7:&9?:B7?897:O&<657?9Z789<?@:&D@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76oP*Y0#*,2)-"#'&#*n,2'2,#"*;*&#,%&%"*#'(2&2*82*"#81,%2'1&2*,2'*81$*1,(01,%2'#$P*13$(#',%2'#$P*'#/1(%:1$*2*:Z1$*&#V#,V2*&#* 82$* ,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'18#$P* ,2)0'1$*;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"P*1$Z*,2)2*$23"#* 81$*$%(01,%2'#$P*Y0#*#'*"1N6'*&#8* >0',%2'1)%#'(2%'(#"'2*&#*#$1$* %'$(1',%1$P* :08'#"#'P*1>#,(#'*2* "#$("%'R1'*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#8&#"#,V2*1* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*18*-"2(1/2'%$)2*-2-081"oDBpP*#882* 8#*2(2"/1*182$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*#'*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*81*10(2'2)Z1*-1"1*"#$28T:#"*$0$*,2'>8%,(2$*$23"#*81*31$#*&#*81*,2',2"&%1*;*#'*>2")1*#g-#&%(1P*82*Y0#1* 81*:#N* 8#*-#")%(%"X*18,1'N1"* 82$*'%:#8#$*&#*,2',%#',%1*;*)1&0"#N*-28Z(%,1-1"1*,2'$28%&1"*#8*#R#",%,%2*-8#'2*&#*$0*$23#"1'Z1U

DBF*****I"(U*A*93Z&#)UDBp****I"(U*E*93Z&#)U


105

<1$*,2)-#(#',%1$*&#*82$*R0#,#$*;*R0#N1$*&#*-1N*,2)0'18*,2)-"#'T&#'*,2'2,#"*;*&#,%&%"*$23"#=

DU 5#* (2&2$*1Y0#882$* ,2'>8%,(2$*2* ,2'("2:#"$%1$*Y0#*#'* $0*X)3%(282,18* (#""%(2"%18* $#* $0$,%(#'*#'("#*-#"$2'1$*'1(0"18#$*2* R0"Z&%,1$P;* Y0#* 8#$*V1;1'* $%&2* ,2'>%1&2$*-1"1*&#,%&%"U* O01'&2*#8* 1$0'(2,2'("2:#"(%&2*$#1*&#*'1(0"18#N1*-1("%)2'%18P*,2'2,#"X*&#*a$(#*$%81*:182"1,%6'*Y0#*8#*&1'*81$*-1"(#$*'2*#g,#&#*&#*&2$,%#'(1$*,%'T,0#'(1*0'%&1&#$*("%30(1"%1$*[BpC*hb]U

BU 5#*(2&2$*1Y0#882$*,2'>8%,(2$*2*,2'("2:#"$%1$*&#"%:1&2$*&#* 81* "#T81,%6'*1""#'&1(%,%1*2*&#* 81*-"2-%#&1&*V2"%N2'(18P* $18:2*1Y0#882$1$%/'1&2$*1*("%30'18#$*2"&%'1"%2$*;*#$-#,%18#$*2*10(2"%&1&#$*1&T)%'%$("1(%:1$U

EU 5#* 82$*,2'>8%,(2$*2*,2'("2:#"$%1$*#'("#*)%#)3"2$*&#* 81*,2)0'%T&1&*&#"%:1&2$*&#*81*1-8%,1,%6'*&#*2"&#'1'N1$*"#81(%:1$*1*81*,2':%T:#',%1P* ,1"(1$* ,2)0'18#$* ;* "#/81)#'(2$*&#* ,2':%:#',%1*&#* 82$O2'$#R2$* O2)0'18#$U

FU 5#* 82$* ,1$2$*&#* :%28#',%1* &#* /a'#"2P* >0',%2'1"X* ,2)2*6"/1'2"#,#-(2"*&#*&#'0',%1P*#'*82$*(a")%'2$*#$(138#,%&2$*#'*81*8#;*#$T-#,%18*Y0#* "#/081* 81*)1(#"%1P*-0&%#'&2*&%,(1"* ,018Y0%#"1*&#* 81$)#&%&1$*&#*-"2(#,,%6'*;*$#/0"%&1&*-#"(%'#'(#*1*>1:2"*&#*81*:Z,(%T)1*2*#8*'L,8#2*>1)%8%1"U

pU H'*82$*,1$2$*&#*)#&%&1$*"#81(%:1$*1*81*,2':%:#',%1*>1)%8%1"*;*1*81238%/1,%6'*&#*)1'0(#',%6'*&#,"#(1&1$*-2"*82$*b"%30'18#$*&#*!"2T(#,,%6'*&#*J%\2$P*J%\1$* ;*I&28#$,#'(#$P* ,2)2*,21&;0:1'(#*#'#8* ,0)-8%)%#'(2*&#* 81$*)%$)1$U

AU I0'*&#*2>%,%2P* $23"#*#8* "#$-#(2*1* 82$*&#"#,V2$*&#* 82$*1&08(2$* ;1&08(1$*)1;2"#$P*&#*81$*-#"$2'1$*,2'*&%$,1-1,%&1&P*&#*82$*'%\2$P'%\1$*;*1&28#$,#'(#$*;*&#* 81$*-#"$2'1$*#'*$%(01,%6'*&#*:08'#"1T3%8%&1&P* (2)1'&2* 81$*)#&%&1$* "#$-#,(%:1$* ,2'>2")#*1* 81* 8#;* ;"#)%(%#'&2* 81$*1,(01,%2'#$*18*6"/1'2*2*#'(#*,2)-#(#'(#U

?U O#8#3"1"*)1("%)2'%2$*&#*,2'>2")%&1&*,2'* 81* <#;U@U 5#,81"1"P*$%'*-"2,#&%)%#'(2*-"#:%2*;*#'*-"#$#',%1*&#*81*-1"#R1P*#8

&%:2",%2*2*81*&%$280,%6'*&#*81$*0'%2'#$*#$(138#$*&#*V#,V2*,01'&2$#1*-2"*)0(02* ,2'$#'(%)%#'(2c* 82$* $28%,%(1'(#$* $#* #',0#'("#'&2)%,%8%1&2$*#'*#8*X)3%(2*82,18*(#""%(2"%18*&#8*R0#N*2*R0#N1*&#*-1N,2)0'18c*;*'2*$#*V1;1'*-"2,"#1&2*V%R2$*2*&#*V13#"82$P*'2*$#1'

Ulises Daal

106

)#'2"#$*&#*D@*1\2$*1*81*>#,V1*&#*81*$28%,%(0&U**GU 5#* 81*&%$280,%6'*1)%/138#*&#* 81* ,2)0'%&1&*&#*3%#'#$* $28%,%(1&1

-2"* 81$*-1"(#$*#'* >2")1*#$,"%(1U*5#* (2&2*#882* $#* "#)%(%"X* ,2-%1,#"(%>%,1&1*18*K#/%$("2*O%:%8* "#$-#,(%:2U

DCU 5#*81*1,,%6'*#)1'1&1*&#*81*-"2-%#&1&P*(#'#',%1*;*-"2(#,,%6'*&#1'%)18#$*&2)a$(%,2$*;*#'*-#8%/"2*&#*#g(%',%6'P*-"#:%$(1*#'*81*8#;#$-#,%18*Y0#*"%/#* 81*)1(#"%1P*1$Z*,2)2*81$*2"&#'1'N1$*)0'%,%-1T8#$P*#'*)1(#"%1*&#*,2'("28*;*-"2(#,,%6'*1'%)18U

DDU 5#* 82$*,2'>8%,(2$*2*,2'("2:#"$%1$*Y0#*$#*$0$,%(#'*#'("#* 82$*)%#)T3"2$*&#* 81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*&#* 81$*,2)0'%&1&#$U

DBU 5#* 81$*1,(01,%2'#$P*13$(#',%2'#$P*'#/1(%:1$*2* 81$* :Z1$*&#*V#,V2&#*82$*,2'$#R2$*,2)0'18#$P*,2)0'1$P*&#)X$*%'$(1',%1$*;*2"/1'%TN1,%2'#$* &#8* !2&#"* !2-081"P* "#81,%2'1&1$* ,2'* 81* 1-8%,1,%6'* &#)#,1'%$)2$P*-"2,#&%)%#'(2$*;*'2")1$*&#* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*;* 81$&#"%:1&1$*&#8*&#"#,V2*1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*,2'*"#81,%6'*181$* %'$(1',%1$* ;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"U

DEU O2'2,#"*&#* 81$*&#'0',%1$* ;*1,,%2'#$* %'(#"-0#$(1$P* "#81,%2'1&1$,2'*O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$P*O2)0'1$P*&#)X$* %'$(1',%1$* ;*2"/1'%TN1,%2'#$*&#8* !2&#"*!2-081"P* Y0#* $#*&#"%:#'*&%"#,(1*2* %'&%"#,(1T)#'(#*&#8*#R#",%,%2*&#8*&#"#,V2*1* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'U

DFU O28132"1"*,2'*82$*2"/1'%$)2$*#',1"/1&2$*&#8*,2'("28*;*>%$,18%N1T,%6'*&#*81*,2)#",%18%N1,%6'*;*)#",1&#2*&#*82$*3%#'#$*;*$#":%,%2$&#*,2'$0)2*#'*$0*X)3%(2* 82,18*(#""%(2"%18U

DpU !"2)2:#"* ,1)-1\1$*#&0,1(%:1$*#'*)1(#"%1*&#*:182"#$* ,%0&1&1T'2$P*&#*-1NP*,2':%:#',%1*,%0&1&1'1P*&#"#,V2$*V0)1'2$*;* "#$280T,%6'*&#*,2'>8%,(2$*#'*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*&#*$0*X)3%(2* 82,18*(#""%T(2"%18U

DAU .28%,%(1"* #8* 1-2;2* &#* 81* -28%,Z1*)0'%,%-18P* #$(1&18* 2* '1,%2'18P,01'&2* 1$Z* 82* "#Y0%#"1* -1"1* #8* #>#,(%:2* ,0)-8%)%#'(2* &#* $0$>0',%2'#$U

D?U 5#* (2&2$* 1Y0#882$* ,1$2$* Y0#* 8#* V1;1'* $%&2* ,2'>%1&2* #g-"#$1T)#'(#*-2"* 81$*-1"(#$*-1"1*$0*&#,%$%6'*2*-2"* 81* 8#;P* $%#)-"#*Y0#'2*:08'#"#*#8*2"&#'*-L38%,2U

oI"(U*@U**@O&-65J?987&D@& >7& ]=69:D9889U?&%:;@897>&D@& >7& ]=:B9897&D@&[7Z,<F=?7>pL


107

V>E'9(),%.'-./0$,+

Ulises Daal

108


109

[E'9:<="B'-B@D;=ASB8C=;>T=->?;'7BAO<>-B^:B->=A

7=8='A='89=A>T=->?;'"9A'9:<="B'"9@B-8K<>-B

M':B->=A'"9'"989-RB'M'"9'ND:<>->=

O2)2*"#$08(1&2*&#8*1)-8%2*-"2,#$2*&#*,2'$08(1*-L38%,1P*1$Z*,2)2&#8*#$(0&%2*&#* 81$*#g-#"%#',%1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*1&#81'(1&1$*-2"* %'%,%1(%T:1*&#* 81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*:#'#N281'1$*1*-1"(%"*&#* 81*:%/#',%1*&#* 81*OKM+P*;&#8*1'X8%$%$*&#*82$*1$-#,(2$*,2',#-(018#$*Y0#*-81'(#1*-1"1*$0*&#$1""2882'0#$("1*O1"(1*S1/'1* [Y0#*2(2"/1*-"##)%'#',%1* 1* 81* ,2)0'%&1&* ,2)2#g-"#$%6'*&#* 81* -1"(%,%-1,%6'* ,%0&1&1'1* #'* $0* >2")1* ,28#,(%:1]P* #'* 81>2")081,%6'*&#* 81$* <#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"* $#*#$(138#,%6*#8* H$(1&2*O2T)0'18*-1"1*#8* ("X'$%(2*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&*:#'#N281'1*V1,%1*#8* 6+$" .:9)#70,2'$(%(0,%2'18P*)#&%1'(#*#8* H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2* ;* .2,%18* &#*5#"#,V2* ;`0$(%,%1c*;*-2"*#$2P*81*&#>%'%,%6'*&#8*H$(1&2*O2)0'18*-1"(#*&#*81*2"/1'%N1T,%6'* R0"Z&%,2T-28Z(%,1*#$(138#,%&1*1* 81*J1,%6'*:#'#N281'1*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*B&#* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'=

nj2")1*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*-28Z(%,2* $2,%18P* 6:$1&1&"#$"#%" 3.*&10"1#270/)-*+/0"!".0/+&%"1#"1#)#/@0"!"1#"F:.*+/+&*#$(138#,%&2*#'*81*O2'$T(%(0,%6'*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1P* #'* 81* ,018* #8* -2&#"* #$* #R#",%&2*&%"#,(1T)#'(#* -2"* #8* -0#382P* ,2'* 0'*)2&#82* #,2'6)%,2* &#* -"2-%#&1&$2,%18*;*&#*&#$1""2882*#'&6/#'2*$0$(#'(138#P*Y0#*-#")%(1*18,1'N1"81*$0-"#)1*>#8%,%&1&*$2,%18*&#*82$*:#'#N281'2$*;*:#'#N281'1$*#'*81$2,%#&1&* $2,%18%$(1oDBAU

DBA*****<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P*I"(U*@U@U

Ulises Daal

110

5#*&%,V1*&#>%'%,%6'*-0#&#*#'(#'&#"$#*Y0#*'2*$#*("1(1*&#*$0-81'T(1"*18*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1*-2"*#8*H$(1&2O2)0'18P*-2"Y0#*#8*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%T,%1" /0$.*+*:!#" %&&0)(&$+,&/+5$" F:)?1+/0290%?*+/&*#$(138#,%&1*1* 81*J1,%6'[)1",2* '2")1(%:2* Y0#* 2"%#'(1* 81$* 1,(01,%2'#$* ;* 81* %'(#""#81,%6'* &#8H$(1&2*;*81*$2,%#&1&]P*)%#'("1$*Y0#*#8*H$(1&2*O2)0'18*#."%&*60)7&"902%?*+/02.0/+&%* [)1",2* &#* 81* 2"/1'%N1,%6'* $2,%18* #'* #8* (#""%(2"%2* -1"1* #8#R#",%,%2*&#*81*$23#"1'Z1*-2-081"]*Y0#*-#")%(%"X*#8*&#$1""2882*#'*81*"#1T8%&1&*$2,%18T(#""%(2"%18*&#*82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#8*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1P*8<F<&AH7&;78HV987&O&D@F<86JB987&;767&18,1'N1"81* $2,%#&1&* $2,%18%$(1U

5#*#$(1*)1'#"1P*#8*H$(1&2*O2)0'18*#$*%'$("0)#'(2*-1"1*81*"#18%N1T,%6'*#>#,(%:1*&#8*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1*;n#8* ,0)-8%)%#'(2*&#* 82$* -"%',%-%2$P* &#"#,V2$* ;* &#3#"#$* "#,2'2,%&2$* ;,2'$1/"1&2$o*#'* 81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*[I"(U*E*OKM+]P*V1,%#'&2*Y0#*n81*-1"(%,%T-1,%6'*-"2(1/6'%,1*&#8*-0#382*;*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#* $0*-2&#"*&#R#*&#* $#"* 82#g,#-,%2'18* ;* $#* ,2':%#"(1*#'* 82* ,2(%&%1'2oDB?U

<1* >2")081,%6'*&#8* ,2',#-(2*&#*H$(1&2*O2)0'18* (%#'#* $0* >0#'(##'* 81$* #g-#"%#',%1$* &#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*&#$1""2881&1$*-2"* %'%,%1(%:1*&#* 81$,2)0'%&1&#$*:#'#N281'1$*1*-1"(%"*&#* 81*:%/#',%1*&#* 81*OKM+P*,2'*81*,2'T>2")1,%6'*&#*82$*,<?:@Y<:&,<F=?7>@:&#'*#8*1\2*BCCBP*Y0#*>0#*0'1*#g(#'T$%6'* -"X,(%,1* Y0#* #8* -0#382* :#'#N281'2* 8#* &%2* 1* 81$* &%$-2$%,%2'#$* &#85#,"#(2*Jq*DUAAA*$23"#*@>&[6<8@:<&D@&3@5=>769Z789U?&D@&>7&(@?@?897&D@&>7(9@667&@?&><:&+:@?B7F9@?B<:&/6C7?<:&[<;=>76@:DB@P*Y0#&,2'$(%(0;#'*81*,81T"1*%'(#"-"#(1,%6'*&#8*-0#382*&#*$0*&#"#,V2*1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-"2(1/6'%,1P1$Z*,2)2*81*,2)-"#'$%6'*&#8*$#'(%&2*8<F=?9B769:B7*[/07:$+*&)+0>"/07:2$&%]* &#8*)2&#82* $2,%18* #$(138#,%&2*#'* 81*O1"(1*S1/'1=* %)-2"(1',%1*&#8V78B<6&D@& 8<?:B6=889U?& 89A9>S8<F=?9B769<* &#8*)2&#82* $2,%18oU* DBG

K#$08(1* %)-2"(1'(#*&#$(1,1"*#8*1\2*&#8*$0"/%)%#'(2*&#* 82$*O2'$#TR2$*O2)0'18#$P*-2"Y0#*#:%&#',%1*Y0#*$#*("1(1*&#*,"#1,%6'*;*#g-#"%#',%1-"2-%1$*&#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$* :#'#N281'1$P*Y0#*-2$(#"%2")#'(#* $#"Z1* "#T,2'2,%&1* 8#/18)#'(#* #'* 81* <#;*e"/X'%,1* &#8* !2&#"* !L38%,2*S0'%,%-18

DB?*****I<I_{J*SeJ.HKKIbP*KhMzJU*{-U*O%(UDB@***71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*E?UE?@*r*CFTCBTBCCBUDBG***!I<IO9e.*KeSHeP*jKIJO9.OeU*{-U*O%(U


111

[BCCp]*;*18,1'N1"X*$0*-"2-%1*'2")1(%:1*#'*#8*BCCA*,2'*81*<#;*&#*82$*O2'$#TR2$*O2)0'18#$P* 1* 81* ,018* $#* 8#*2(2"/1"X* ,1"X,(#"*&#* 8#;*2"/X'%,1*#'* $0"#>2")1*&#8*1\2*BCCGU

[EHE :B398=;O=S'VBAD;<="'"9'AB:'->D"="=;B:M'->D"="=;=:

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

.#*("1(1*&#*Y0#*#8*-0#382*:#'#N281'2*#'*$0*&%:#"$%&1&*;*-80"18%&1&[@?&O&7&;76B96&D@& >7&8<F=?9D7D]*#R#"N1*&%"#,(1)#'(#* 81*$23#"1'Z1*[#8*-2T&#"]*)#&%1'(#* 81* ,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 82$*10(2/23%#"'2$* ,2)0'18#$P*-1"1=

n/1"1'(%N1"* 81* :%&1* ;* #8* 3%#'#$(1"* $2,%18* &#8* -0#382P*)#&%1'(#* 81,"#1,%6'*&#*)#,1'%$)2$*-1"1*$0*&#$1""2882*$2,%18*;*#$-%"%(018P*-"2T,0"1'&2* 81* %/018&1&*&#*,2'&%,%2'#$*-1"1*Y0#* (2&2$*;* (2&1$*&#$1T""288#'* 8%3"#)#'(#* $0*-#"$2'18%&1&P* &%"%R1'* $0*&#$(%'2P* &%$>"0(#'82$*&#"#,V2$*V0)1'2$*;*18,1',#'* 81* $0-"#)1* >#8%,%&1&* $2,%18c* $%'&%$,"%)%'1,%2'#$*-2"*)2(%:2$*&#*2"%/#'*a('%,2P* "#8%/%2$2P* ,2'&%T,%6'*$2,%18P* $#g2P*2"%#'(1,%6'*$#g018P* %&#'(%&1&*;*#g-"#$%6'*&#*/aT'#"2P* %&%2)1P*2-%'%6'*-28Z(%,1P*'1,%2'18%&1&*0*2"%/#'P*#&1&P*-2$%T,%6'*#,2'6)%,1P* ,2'&%,%6'*&#*&%$,1-1,%&1&*2* ,018Y0%#"* 2("1* ,%"T,0'$(1',%1*-#"$2'18P*R0"Z&%,1*2*$2,%18P*Y0#*(#'/1*-2"*"#$08(1&2*1'0T81"*2*)#'2$,131"*#8*"#,2'2,%)%#'(2P*/2,#*2*#R#",%,%2*&#* 82$*&#"#T,V2$*V0)1'2$* ;* /1"1'(Z1$* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18#$o* [I"(U* F* <#;*e"/X'%,1&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"]UO2""#$-2'&%a'&2$#* (2(18)#'(#* 82* 1'(#"%2"* ,2'* #8* &#$1""2882* &#

82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#8* H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;* .2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#* `0$(%,%1

DEC*****HSTOKM+*$23"#*#8*bZ(082*9=*!"%',%-%2$*j0'&1)#'(18#$U

Ulises Daal

112

18,1'N1&2* ,2'* 81*OKM+P* ;* "#,2/%#'&2*1$%)%$)2*&#* 82$*2"Z/#'#$*&#*#$(#)2&#82* $2,%18P* #'("#*2("2$* 1-2"(#$P* #8* "#,2'2,%)%#'(2* ;* "#$-#(2*&#* 81&%:#"$%&1&*;*-80"18%&1&*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&=* E=?& 8<FQ?& :@?B9D<&D@>&?<:<B6<:8<F;76B9D<&o9D@7&D@&8<F=?9D7Dp&D@:D@&>7&D9A@6:9D7D&O&?<&D@:D@&>7&=?9V<6SF9D7D& B<B7>9B7697&<&7=B<69B7697K& [W#")1''*W#88#"]U

H'*,2'$#,0#',%1P*#8*H$(1&2*O2)0'18*#$*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*81*$23#"1T'Z1*-2-081"*@?&O&7&;76B96&D@&>7&8<F=?9D7D&V1,%1*(2&2*#8*X)3%(2*'1,%2'18PY0#*-2"* (1'(2* ,2'88#:1* #8* #R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#8* -2&#"*-2"*-1"(#*&#* 82$,%0&1&1'2$P* 81$* ,%0&1&1'1$*;* $0$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%18#$* [;<C>789U?]* #'@>&B@669B<69<*;*$23"#*$0*7=B<5<C9@6?<*;*$0*@8<?<FH7c*;*1$ZP*#8*H$(1&2*O2)0T'18*'2*#$*)X$*Y0#*81*>2")1*-1"1*&#$1""2881"*&#*)1'#"1*,2',"#(1*#8*H$(1&25#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1*#$(138#,%&2*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*B&#*81*OKM+P*8<F<&B6J?:9B<&G7897&>7&:<89@D7D&:<897>9:B7P*)#&%1'(#*#8*S2&#T82* j#&#"18* O22-#"1(%:2P* 2"%#'(1&2*-2"* E><:&;69?89;9<:&D@& >7& :<>9D769D7D:<897>&O&D@>&C9@?&8<FQ?K*[#8#)#'(2$*,2'$(%(0(%:2$*&#*81*,2',#-,%6'*$2,%1T8%$(1]*Y0#*V1'*&#*,2'&0,%"*E7>&@:B7C>@89F9@?B<&D@&@:@&%:B7D<&:<897>KL&DED

H8* H$(1&2*O2)0'18* #$* 328%:1"%1'2P* -2"Y0#* $0* ,2'>%/0"1,%6'*#$(X%'$-%"1&1*-2"*81*E>=8G7&9?8@:7?B@&O&7C?@57D7&;<6&>7&>9C@6B7DT&>7&Y=:B9897T&>7F<67>&;QC>987&O&@>&C9@?@:B76&D@>&;=@C><KDEBP*Y0#*"#$0)#*#8*-#'$1)%#'(2*;81*1,,%6'*&#8*<%3#"(1&2"*.%)6'*M28Z:1"c*;*#.".0/+&%+.*&"-2"Y0#=

n$#* "%/#* -2"* 82$* -"%',%-%2$* ;* :182"#$* $2,%18%$(1$* &#=* &#)2,"1,%1-1"(%,%-1(%:1* ;* -"2(1/6'%,1P* %'(#"a$* ,28#,(%:2P* #Y0%&1&P* R0$(%,%1P%/018&1&* $2,%18* ;*&#*/a'#"2P* ,2)-8#)#'(1"%#&1&P*&%:#"$%&1&* ,08T(0"18P* &#>#'$1* &#* 82$* &#"#,V2$* V0)1'2$P* ,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&P,2/#$(%6'P* 10(2/#$(%6'P* ,22-#"1,%6'P* $28%&1"%&1&P* ("1'$-1"#',%1PV2'#$(%&1&P*#>%,1,%1P*#>%,%#',%1P*#>#,(%:%&1&P*0'%:#"$18%&1&P*"#$-2'T$13%8%&1&P*&#3#"* $2,%18P* "#'&%,%6'*&#* ,0#'(1$P* ,2'("28* $2,%18P* 8%3"#&#31(#*&#* %&#1$P* :280'(1"%#&1&P* $0$(#'(13%8%&1&P* &#>#'$1* ;* -"2T(#,,%6'* 1)3%#'(18P* /1"1'(Z1* &#* 82$* &#"#,V2$* &#* 81*)0R#"P* &#* 82$'%\2$P* '%\1$* ;* 1&28#$,#'(#$P* ;* &#* (2&1*-#"$2'1* #'* $%(01,%6'*&#:08'#"13%8%&1&P*&#>#'$1*&#* 81* %'(#/"%&1&* (#""%(2"%18*;*&#* 81* $23#"1T'Z1*'1,%2'18o*[I"(U*p*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"]U

DED*****93Z&#)UDEB*****93Z&#)U


113

[ELE D;>"="'-OV>-B^@>A><=8

<1*,2',#-,%6'*&#*0'%&1&*,Z:%,1T)%8%(1"*&#* 81*$2,%#&1&*:#'#N281'1P,0;2$*2"Z/#'#$*$#*#',0#'("1'*#'* 82$* %'%,%2$*&#* 81*>2")1,%6'*&#* 81*K#-LT38%,1P* ;*Y0#*#$* "#(2)1&1*-2"*#8*-0#382*:#'#N281'2*,2)2*,2'$#,0#',%1&#*81*%'$0""#,,%6'*-2-081"*&#8*B?*&#*>#3"#"2*&#*DG@G*;*81*%'$0""#,,%2'#$)%8%(1"#$*&#8*F*&#*>#3"#"2*;*#8*B?*&#*'2:%#)3"#*&#*DGGBP*#$(X*#g-"#$1&1#'*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*-2"Y0#*1$Z*#$(X*,2'(#)-81&2*#'*81*OKM+)#&%1'(#*#8*-"%',%-%2*&#*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*$2,%18*["#$-2'$13%8%&1&*,2)T-1"(%&1*#'("#*81*$2,%#&1&*;*#8*H$(1&2]P*Y0#*-1"(#*&#8*1"(Z,082*F=*n<1*K#-LT38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81*#$*0'*H$(1&2* >#&#"18*&#$,#'("18%N1&2*#'82$* (a")%'2$* ,2'$1/"1&2$*#'*#$(1*O2'$(%(0,%6'P* ;* $#* "%/#*-2"* 82$*-"%',%T-%2$*&#* %'(#/"%&1&* (#""%(2"%18P* ,22-#"1,%6'P* $28%&1"%&1&P* ,2',0""#',%1* ;/0))#.90$.&4+%+1&1oU* !"%',%-%2* [8<66@:;<?:7C9>9D7D&@?B6@& @>& %:B7D<& O& >7:<89@D7D]P*Y0#*#'*82*"#81(%:2*1*81*$#/0"%&1&*&#*81*J1,%6'P*10'*,01'&2*a$(1#$*n,2)-#(#',%1*#$#',%18* ;* "#$-2'$13%8%&1&*&#8*H$(1&2oP* (1)3%a'*$#*&%$T-2'#*Y0#* 81*&#>#'$1*&#* 81*J1,%6'* n#$* "#$-2'$13%8%&1&*&#* 82$* :#'#N281T'2$*;*:#'#N281'1$o*[I"(U*EBB*OKM+]P*,2'*81*>%'18%&1&*&#=

nuyw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o*I"(U*EBA*OKM+U

<2*1'(#"%2"*,2'>%/0"1*#8*,2)-"2)%$2*,28#,(%:2*-1"1*18,1'N1"*81*$2T,%#&1&*&#*R0$(%,%1P*%/018&1&*;*#Y0%&1&*$2,%18P*$%'*#$(138#,#"*&%$(%',%6'*#'#$#*#$>0#"N2*#'("#* 82$*8<F;<?@?B@:& 89A9>& O&F9>9B76&&#* 81* $2,%#&1&c* ;*#'1(#',%6'*1*#882P*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*,2'(#)-81'*#'("#*$0$*-"%',%T-%2$* ;* :182"#$* 81* n&#>#'$1*&#* 81* %'(#/"%&1&* (#""%(2"%18* ;*&#* 81* $23#"1'Z1'1,%2'18oP* -1"1* 82* ,018* $#* ,"#1'* #'("#* 81$* %'$(1',%1$* %'(#"'1$* &#* 82$10(2/23%#"'2$* ,2)0'18#$=* 82$*,<F9BP:&D@&'@5=69D7D&O&"@V@?:7& 0?B@567>[I"(U*B@Up*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*82$*O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$]*;*82$*,<F9BP:&D@&R@:S

Ulises Daal

114

B9U?&D@&"@V@?:7&O&:@5=69D7D&9?B@567>*[I"(U*EDU?*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$*O2)0T'1$]c* 1$Z* ,2)2* $#*&%$-2'#*Y0#*#'*#8* &#$1""2882*&#8* $%$(#)1*#,2'6)%,2,2)0'18P* #8* H$(1&2*&#3#*#$(138#,#"* n-28Z(%,1$*&#* %',#'(%:2*1* 81*/#'#"1T,%6'*&#* ,2'2,%)%#'(2$* ,%#'(Z>%,2$* ;* (#,'286/%,2$*&#$&#* 81*-"X,(%,1*-"2T&0,(%:1*&#* 81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8* $%$(#)1*#,2'6)%,2*,2)0'18o* :%',081T&2$*1* 81*&#>#'$1* %'(#/"18*&#* 81*J1,%6'*[I"(U*E@*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*.%$(#)1H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18]U

701"&1'*,2""#$-2'&#',%1* 81$*&%$-2$%,%2'#$*1'(#$*)#',%2'1&1$*&#81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"* $23"#*#8*X)3%(2*&#* 81*&#>#'$1* %'(#/"18*&#* 81J1,%6'*[-1"1*$0*,2',"#,%6'*1*("1:a$*&#*81*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*$2,%18]*,2'*81$#$(138#,%&1$*#'*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81*j0#"N1*I")1&1*J1,%2'18*M28%:1"%1'1DEEP$23"#*81*S%8%,%1*M28%:1"%1'1=*n&#$(%'1&1*1*,2)-8#)#'(1"*1*81*j0#"N1*I")1T&1*J1,%2'18*M28%:1"%1'1*#'*81*&#>#'$1*%'(#/"18*&#*81*J1,%6'*;*81$*K#/%2'#$S%8%(1"#$P* ,2)2*2"/1'%N1,%6'*2-#"1,%2'18o* [I"(U*p]P* 1* 81* ,018*-#"(#'#,#'nY0%#'#$* $%'*#R#",#"* 81*-"2>#$%6'*)%8%(1"*)1'%>%#$(#'*:280'(1"%1)#'(#o*$0&%$-2$%,%6'*&#*%'/"#$1"*1*#881P*;* 81*,018P*18*$#"*)2:%8%N1&1P*,0)-8#*n>0',%2T'#$*1*81*.#/0"%&1&*;*5#>#'$1*9'(#/"18*&#*81*J1,%6'o**[I"(U*AA]U

[EUE A9M9:'"9A'7B"98'7B7DA=8S'78B-9:B'"9'-B;:DA<=7J3A>-='M'78BM9-<B'"9'89IB8@='-B;:<><D->B;=A

[EUEHE'78B-9:B'"9'-B;:DA<=' 7J3A>-=

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

!2$(#"%2")#'(#P*1*>%'18#$*&#8*BCDC*$#*8#*&1*0'1*)1;2"*2"/1'%N1,%6'18*-"2,#$2*&#*,2'$08(1*,2'* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#8*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2T-081"*-1"1* 81$*O2)0'1$*;*!"2(#,,%6'*.2,%18P* Y0#*-#")%(%6* 81* %',2"-2"1T

DEE****71,#(1*e>%,%18*JÅ*AUCBC*Hg("12"&Ur*BDUCEUBCDDU


115

,%6'*&#*:2,#"2$*;*:2,#"1$*&#* 82$*O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$*;*&#*2"/1'%N1,%2T'#$* $2,%18#$* ,2)0'%(1"%1$*&#* (2&2*#8*-1Z$* 1* ("1:a$*&#*j0'&1,2)0'18DEFP1$Z* ,2)2* ,2'* 81* &#$%/'1,%6'*-2"* -1"(#*&#* 81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18* &#* 81O2)%$%6'*H$-#,%18* -1"1*#8* j2"(18#,%)%#'(2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P* %'(#/"1&1-2"*0'*&%-0(1&2*2*&%-0(1&1*-2"*,1&1*#$(1&2*&#8*-1Z$c*;*#$(138#,%a'&2$#0'1*-"2/"1)1,%6'*Y0#*$#*&#$1""2886*&#$&#*#8*B?*&#*2,(03"#*V1$(1*#8*Dp*&#'2:%#)3"#*&#*BCDCP*1*("1:a$*&#*,%',2*#(1-1$=

DU 5%>0$%6'*&#8* ,2'(#'%&2*&#* 82$*-"2;#,(2$*&#* 8#;*#'* 81$* ,2)0'%&1T&#$*&#8*-1Z$P*)#&%1'(#*1,(%:%&1&#$*'1,%2'18#$P* #$(1&18#$P*)0'%,%T-18#$P* -1""2Y0%18#$P* ,2)0'%(1"%1$* ;* $#,(2"%18#$P* #'* 81$* ,018#$* $#%'>2")131*$23"#*#8*,2'(#'%&2*&#*82$*-"2;#,(2$*;*$#*$0)%'%$("131'82$* %'$("0)#'(2$*&#* ,2'$08(1U

BU 5%$,0$%6'*#'*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%18#$*&#*82$*-"2T;#,(2$*&#* 8#;*;*1-8%,1,%6'*&#* 82$* %'$("0)#'(2$*&#*,2'$08(1U

EU K#)%$%6'*&#*82$*%'$("0)#'(2$*&#*,2'$08(1*;1*1-8%,1&2$P*1*("1:a$*&#j0'&1,2)0'18P* 1* 81* ,2)%$%6'*-1"81)#'(1"%1* "#$-2'$138#U

FU .%$(#)1(%N1,%6'* ;* ,2'$28%&1,%6'*&#* 81* %'>2")1,%6'* ,2'(#'%&1* #'82$* %'$("0)#'(2$*&#* ,2'$08(1U

pU O2'$%&#"1,%6'*&#* 82$* 1-2"(#$*-1"1* 81* "#&1,,%6'*&#>%'%(%:1*&#* 82$-"2;#,(2$*&#* 8#;UH'*#8* %'>2")#*-"#$#'(1&2*-2"* 81*O2)%$%6'* $23"#*#$(#*-"2,#$2*&#

,2'$08(1* $#* &%2* ,0#'(1* &#* 81* "#18%N1,%6'* &#* BA* #:#'(2$* &%:08/1(%:2$T>2")1(%:2$*$23"#*#8*,2'(#'%&2*&#*81$*8#;#$*;*81*)#(2&282/Z1*-1"1*81*1-8%T,1,%6'*&#* 82$* %'$("0)#'(2$*&#*,2'$08(1* [B*'1,%2'18#$*;*BF*#$(1&18#$]c* ;AU?AB*1,(%:%&1&#$*&#* ,2'$08(1P*Y0#*,2)-"#'&%#"2'*B@A*)0'%,%-%2$P*FDF-1""2Y0%1$P*DAC*,2)0'1$*#'*,2'$("0,,%6'*;*DDUCAC*,2'$#R2$*,2)0'18#$P-1"1*0'1*,23#"(0"1*-2381,%2'18*&#*AEGUp?A*-#"$2'1$U

!1"1*#:%&#',%1"*81*%)-2"(1',%1*&#*81*,1'(%&1&*&#*-#"$2'1$*Y0#*-1"T(%,%-1"2'*#'*81*,2'$08(1*-L38%,1*[AEGUp?A]P*81*O2)%$%6'*,2)-1"6*#$1*,%>"1,2'*#8*"#Y0#"%)%#'(2*#$(138#,%&2*#'*#8*1"(Z,082*BCFU?*OKM+*-1"1*81*%'%,%1T(%:1* 8#/%$81(%:1*-2-081"=*E*7& 9?9897B9A7&D@& >7:& >@O@:&8<66@:;<?D@W& uyw*+&><:@>@8B<6@:&O&@>@8B<67:&@?&=?&?QF@6<&?<&F@?<6&D@>&8@6<&8<F7&=?<&;<6&89@?B<

DEF****jhJ5IOeShJI<=*j0'&1,%6'*-1"1*#8*5#$1""2882*;*!"2)2,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*O2)0'18P#'(#*1&$,"%(2*18*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*-1"1* 81$*O2)0'1$*;*!"2(#,T,%6'* .2,%18U

Ulises Daal

116

D@&><:&9?:869B<:&@&9?:869B7:&@?&@>&3@59:B6<&,9A9>&O&%>@8B<67>Kc*-2",#'(1R#*Y0#&#*1,0#"&2*18*(2(18*&#*%'$,"%(2$*#*%'$,"%(1$*#'*#8*K#/%$("2*H8#,(2"18*-1"1*81>#,V1*&#*1-"231,%6'*&#*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*[D?U??BU?A@]P*,2""#$T-2'&Z1*1*D?U??E*#8#,(2"#$*;*#8#,(2"1$U

[EUELE'78BM9-<B'"9'89IB8@='-B;:<><D->B;=AH8*-"2;#,(2*&#* "#>2")1* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18* $2)#(%&2*1* "#>#"#'&2*-2T

-081"*#'*&%,%#)3"#*&#*BCC?DEpP* ,2'(#'Z1*18/0'2$*1$-#,(2$*Y0#*#>#,(%:1T)#'(#*"#Y0#"Z1'*$#"*$2)#(%&2$*18*-"2,#&%)%#'(2*#$(138#,%&2*#'*81*OKM+-1"1*$#"*%',2"-2"1&2$*#'*#8*b#g(2*j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nuyw*'@&;6<;@?D@6J&7&>7&;6<56@:9A7&D9:F9?=89U?&D@>7& Y<6?7D7&D@& B67C7Y<o]P* $682*Y0#*#'*#$1*2-2"(0'%&1&* $#* 8#$*Y0%$2*#$(1T38#,#"*&%"#,(1*;*#g-8Z,%(1)#'(#*#'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'P*1*>%'*&#*Y0#*[$%*1$Z*#"11-"231&2*-2"* #8* -0#382]* #'* #8* $0-0#$(2* Y0#* #'* #8* >0(0"2* 0'1* >0#"N1,2'("1"%1*1*82$*%'(#"#$#$*-2-081"#$*88#/131*1*18,1'N1"*)1;2"Z1*#'*81*I$1)T38#1*J1,%2'18P*'2* 8#* >0#"1*-2$%38#*)2&%>%,1"81$*)#&%1'(#* $%)-8#$* "#>2"T)1$*8#/18#$P*;1*Y0#*-1"1*#882*$#"Z1*'#,#$1"%1*81*1-"231,%6'*&#8*-0#382*#'"#>#"#'&2U

DEp***H'*#8*1\2*BCC?*81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1*-"2-0$2*0'1*"#>2")1*,2'$(%(0,%2T'18P* 81* ,018* >0#*23R#(2*&#*0'1*&#$-%1&1&1*,1)-1\1*&#* (#"/%:#"$1,%6'*-2"-1"(#*&#*81*28%/1"Y0Z1*1*("1:a$*&#*$0$*)#&%2$*&#*,2)0'%,1,%6'P*31$1&1*#'*81#$-#,%#*&#*Y0#*81*"#>2")1*-#"$#/0Z1*,2'>%$,1"8#*82$*3%#'#$*-1("%)2'%18#$*181$*>1)%8%1$*:#'#N281'1$P*"#$08(1&2*'#/1&1*#'*#8*"#>#"#'&2*&#*&%,%#)3"#*&##$#*1\2*-2"*0'*)1"/#'*%'>#"%2"*18*DÄ*&#*82$*:2(2$U*!#"2*#'*#8*BCCG*81*K#:280T,%6'* %'$%$(%6* -"2-2'%#'&2*0'*-"2;#,(2*&#* #')%#'&1* ,2'$(%(0,%2'18* -1"1#$(138#,#"*81*-2$(081,%6'*,2'(%'01*-1"1*(2&2$*82$*,1"/2$*&#*#8#,,%6'*-2-0T81"P*$%#'&2*1-"231&1*#'*#$(1*2-2"(0'%&1&*,2'*#8*pFP@pÄ*&#*81*:2(1,%6'U


117

<1*'2*1-"231,%6'*&#8*-"2;#,(2*&#*"#>2")1*,2'$(%(0,%2'18*&#*'%'/0T'1*)1'#"1*$%/'%>%,6*81*&#"2/1,%6'*&#*81$*&%$-2$%,%2'#$*Y0#*$#*-"#(#'&Z1')2&%>%,1"*&#* 81*O1"(1*S1/'1P*)X$*-2"* #8* ,2'("1"%2P* #$1$*&%$-2$%,%2'#$Y0#&1"2'* "1(%>%,1&1$*#'*#$#* "#>#"#'&2*-1"1* $#"*&#$1""2881&1$* 8#/18)#'T(#P*;*&#*#$1*)1'#"1*$#*V1'*:#'%&2*#$(138#,%#'&2U

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c*18*%/018*Y0#*#8*1"(Z,082*?C*[)#&%2$&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ;*-"2(1/2'%$)2*&#8*-0#382*#'*#R#",%,%2*&#* $0* $23#"1T'Z1]P*#8*,018*1&#)X$*2"&#'1*Y0#*n<1*8#;*#$(138#,#"X*81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*-1"1#8*#>#,(%:2* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*&#* 82$*)#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-"#:%$(2$*#'#$(#*1"(Z,082oU

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e"/X'%,1&#8* b"131R2P* 82$* b"131R1&2"#$* ;* 81$* b"131R1&2"1$P*&%,(1&1*-2"*#8*O2)1'T&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#N*#8*EC*&#*13"%8*&#*BCDBP*#'*,0)-8%)%#'(2*&#8*1"(Z,082GC*OKM+U

Ulises Daal

118


119

V>>S'=5_01)&2)05,'`05a%12,%&+'7.%&5'7.G0+,5

Ulises Daal

120


121

bE'''A9M9:'"9A'7B"98'7B7DA=8S=8cD><9-<D8='ND8O">-='7=8='A='9">I>-=->?;

"9A'9:<="B'-B@D;=A

<1$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*,2'$(%(0;#'*0'*$%$(#)1* [76I=9B@8B=67Y=6HD987]*-1"1*>1,%8%(1"*#8*1:1',#*&#8*-0#382*#'*#8*#R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*;*-8#'2&#*$0*$23#"1'Z1P*1*("1:a$*&#*$0*2"/1'%N1,%6'*#$"!"&"9&)*+)*1#"%&"/07:$+1&1[#8*X)3%(2*8<F=?9B769<P*8<F=?7>]P*-1"1*&#$1""2881"*;*,2'$28%&1"*n81*%/018T&1&P* 81* 8%3#"(1&*;* 81*1328%,%6'*&#*(2&1*2-"#$%6'*;*-"%:%8#/%2$oP&;*1$#/0"1"81$*,2'&%,%2'#$*)1(#"%18#$*;*#$-%"%(018#$*Y0#* 8#*-#")%(1'*1* $0$*V13%(1'T(#$*#8*&#$1""2882*-"2&0,(%:2*;*81*$1(%$>1,,%6'*&#*$0$*'#,#$%&1&#$*)1(#"%1T8#$P* $2,%18#$P* ,08(0"18#$P* ,2)2*2("1$*'#,#$%&1&#$* ,28#,(%:1$P*)#&%1'(#* 81,2'$("0,,%6'*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&* $2,%18%$(1LDEA

bEHE "9I>;>->B;9:

O2'* 81* %'(#',%6'*&#*V1,#"*)X$* ,2)-"#'$%38#*#8* ,2'(#'%&2*&#* 81$<#;#$*&#8* !2&#"*!2-081"P* #'* 81$*5%$-2$%,%2'#$*7#'#"18#$*&#* (2&1$* #$1$'2")1$*$#*"#/%$("1*0'*,2'R0'(2*&#*&#>%'%,%2'#$*,2)0'#$*18*)1",2*/#'#T"18*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P*;*,2'*#$1*)%$)1*%'(#',%6'*$#*V1*&#,%&%&2P*1'(#$*&#"#>#"%"$#*1*82$*1$-#,(2$*/#'#"18#$*&#*81$*8#;#$P*"#-"2&0,%"*1Y0Z*#$1$*&#>%T'%,%2'#$=

Q 45)6%&")*0"*('30)0)/,5*U*('30)0)/)5V*SXg%)1*%'$(1',%1*&#*-1"(%,%T-1,%6'*;*&#,%$%6'*&#* 81* ,2)0'%&1&*2"/1'%N1&1P* ,2'>2")1&1*-2"* 81%'(#/"1,%6'*&#*-#"$2'1$*,2'*,018%&1&*R0"Z&%,1P*$#/L'*81*8#;*Y0#*"#/0T8#* 81* >2")1*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'P*-1"1*#8* #R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#8*-2&#"*;-"2(1/2'%$)2*-2-081"P* ,0;1$*&#,%$%2'#$*$2'*&#*,1"X,(#"*:%',081'(#-1"1*81*,2)0'%&1&P*81$*&%$(%'(1$*>2")1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'P*#8*/23%#"'2

DEA*****%X;<:989U?&D@&.<B9A<:P*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$*O2)0'1$U

Ulises Daal

122

,2)0'18*;*81$*%'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2P*&#*1,0#"&2*1*82*Y0#*#$(1T38#N,1'*81$*8#;#$*Y0#*&#$1""288#'*81*,2'$(%(0,%6'P*2"/1'%N1,%6'*;*>0'T,%2'1)%#'(2*&#* 82$*10(2/23%#"'2$* ,2)0'%(1"%2$P* ,2)0'18#$* ;* 82$$%$(#)1$*&#*1/"#/1,%6'*Y0#*&#*a$(2$*$0"R1'U

Q 43D,N"5D'@/V*O2'R0'(2*&#*1,,%2'#$*)#&%1'(#* 81$*,018#$* 81$*,2)0T'%&1&#$*2"/1'%N1&1$*1$0)#'*&%"#,(1)#'(#* 81* /#$(%6'*&#*-"2;#,T(2$P* #R#,0,%6'*&#*23"1$* ;*-"#$(1,%6'*&#* $#":%,%2$*-1"1*)#R2"1"* 81,18%&1&*&#*:%&1*#'*$0*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2U

Q +)/(,*0"* &)*(,63/)V*e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

Q >).D)* S3/0)(',/)&V* 9'$("0)#'(2*1-"231&2*#'* "#>#"#'&2*-2-081"P&2'&#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*#g-"#$1'* $0* :280'(1&*&#* ,2'$(%(0%"$#*#'O2)0'1P*#'*$0*"#$-#,(%:2*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2P*,2'(#'(%:1*&#*81*&#T,81"1,%6'*&#*-"%',%-%2$P* ,#'$2*-2381,%2'18P* &%1/'6$(%,2* $23"#* 82$-"%',%-18#$*-"238#)1$* ;*'#,#$%&1&#$*&#* $0*-2381,%6'P* %':#'(1"%2&#* 81$*-2(#',%18%&1&#$*#,2'6)%,1$P* $2,%18#$P* ,08(0"18#$P* 1)3%#'T(18#$P* ;*2-,%2'#$*&#*&#$1""2882U

Q >).D)5*>,63/)&"5V* 9'$("0)#'(2$*&2'&#*$#*#$(138#,#'* 81$*'2")1$#8132"1&1$*;*1-"231&1$*-2"*82$*V13%(1'(#$*&#*81*O2)0'1*#'*#8*!1"81T)#'(2*O2)0'18P*,2'*#8*-"2-6$%(2*&#*,2'("%30%"*,2""#$-2'$138#)#'T(#*#'*81*/1"1'(Z1*&#8*2"&#'*-L38%,2P* 81*,2':%:#',%1*;*81*-"%)1,Z1*&#8%'(#"a$*,28#,(%:2* $23"#*#8* %'(#"a$*-1"(%,081"P*&#*,2'>2")%&1&*,2'* 81O2'$(%(0,%6'*;* 81$* 8#;#$*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1U

Q >".D'W'()('@/*0"* 5)%"."5*U* (,/,('6'"/D,5V*K#,2'2,%)%#'(2*-L38%T,2* ;* >2")18* &#8* &2)%'%2*&#*-"X,(%,1$* ,08(0"18#$P* ("1&%,%2'18#$* 21',#$("18#$P*2*&#8* ,2'2,%)%#'(2*2*,1-1,%&1&*&#)2$("1&1*-2"*0'1-#"$2'1*-1"1*&#$#)-#\1"*#>%,%#'(#)#'(#*0'1*&#(#")%'1&1*1,(%T:%&1&*8132"18P*1,"#&%(1&1*-2"*#8*6"/1'2*,22"&%'1&2"*u.9?9:B@69<&D@>[<D@6&[<;=>76&8<?&8<F;@B@?897&@?&F7B@697&D@&@8<?<FH7&8<F=?7>w;* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$*10(2"%N1&1$*-2"*a$(#U


123

Q >'(&,*#.,03(D'-,*(,63/)&V*.%$(#)1*&#*-"2&0,,%6'P*("1'$>2")1,%6'P&%$("%30,%6'P* %'(#",1)3%2*;* ,2'$0)2*$2,%18)#'(#* R0$(2*&#*3%#'#$;*$#":%,%2$*&#*81$*&%$(%'(1$*>2")1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$P$0"/%&1$* #'*#8* $#'2*&#* 81* ,2)0'%&1&* ,2)2* ,2'$#,0#',%1*&#* 81$'#,#$%&1&#$*V0)1'1$U

Q >,N"5D'@/V*!"2,#$2*)#&%1'(#*#8*,018*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*2"/1'%N1&1$,22"&%'1'* ,2'* #8* !2&#"* !L38%,2P* #'* ,018Y0%#"1* &#* $0$* '%:#8#$* #%'$(1',%1$P*81*/#$(%6'*,2'R0'(1*-1"1*81*#R#,0,%6'*&#*23"1$*;*-"#$(1T,%6'*&#*$#":%,%2$*'#,#$1"%2$*-1"1*)#R2"1"* 81*,18%&1&*&#*:%&1*#'*$0X)3%(2* /#2/"X>%,2U

Q >,6'DX*0"*=(,/,6A)*>,63/)&V*9'$(1',%1*#',1"/1&1*&#*81*-81'%>%,1T,%6'*;* ,22"&%'1,%6'*&#* 81*1,(%:%&1&*#,2'6)%,1*&#8* ,2'$#R2* ,2)0T'18U*.#*,2'$(%(0;#*1*("1:a$*&#*81*:%',081,%6'*;*1"(%,081,%6'*#'("#*81$2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*;*81*,2)0'%&1&P*-1"1*82$*-81'#$*;-"2;#,(2$* $2,%2-"2&0,(%:2$U

Q >,63/'0)0* ,.N)/'2)0)V* O2'$(%(0%&1* -2"* 81$* #g-"#$%2'#$2"/1'%N1(%:1$*-2-081"#$P* ,2'$#R2$*&#* ("131R1&2"#$*;* ("131R1&2"1$P&#*,1)-#$%'2$*;*,1)-#$%'1$P*&#*-#$,1&2"#$*;*-#$,1&2"1$*;*,018TY0%#"*2("1*2"/1'%N1,%6'* $2,%18*&#*31$#P* 1"(%,081&1*1*0'1* %'$(1',%1&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*&#3%&1)#'(#*"#,2'2,%&1*-2"*81*8#;*;*"#/%$("1&1#'*#8*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*,2'*,2)-#(#',%1*#'*)1(#"%1*&#-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ,%0&1&1'1U

Q >,63/'0)0V*JL,8#2*#$-1,%18* 3X$%,2*#* %'&%:%$%38#* ,2'$(%(0%&2*-2"-#"$2'1$*;*>1)%8%1$*Y0#*V13%(1'*#'*0'*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2*&#(#")%T'1&2P*:%',081&1$*-2"*,1"1,(#"Z$(%,1$*#*%'(#"#$#$*,2)0'#$*Y0#*,2)T-1"(#'*0'1*V%$(2"%1P*'#,#$%&1&#$*;*-2(#',%18%&1&#$*,08(0"18#$P*#,2T'6)%,1$P* $2,%18#$P* (#""%(2"%18#$*;*&#*2("1* Z'&28#U

Q >,/D.,&*5,(')&V*H$*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#*81*>0',%6'*&#*-"#:#',%6'P*:%/%81'T,%1P*$0-#":%$%6'P*1,2)-1\1)%#'(2*;*,2'("28P*-"1,(%,1&2*-2"*82$*,%0T&1&1'2$* ;* ,%0&1&1'1$*&#*)1'#"1* %'&%:%&018* 2* ,28#,(%:1* $23"#* 81/#$(%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2*;*&#*81$*%'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P*1$Z,2)2*&#* 81$*1,(%:%&1&#$*-"%:1&1$*Y0#*1>#,(#'*#8* %'(#"a$*,28#,(%:2U

Q >,.."5#,/5)%'&'0)0V* K#$-2'$13%8%&1&* ,2)-1"(%&1* #'("#* 82$* ,%0T&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*;*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*H$(1&2*#'*#8*-"2,#$2&#* >2")1,%6'P* #R#,0,%6'P* ,2'("28* ;* #:1801,%6'*&#* 81* /#$(%6'* $2T,%18P* ,2)0'%(1"%1* ;* ,2)0'18P* -1"1* #8* 3%#'#$(1"* &#* 81$* ,2)0'%&1T&#$* 2"/1'%N1&1$U

Ulises Daal

124

Q ;'5D.'D,5*6,D,."5*0"&*0"5)..,&&,V*.2'*0'%&1&#$*(#""%(2"%18#$*&#,"#T(1&1$*-2"*#8*HR#,0(%:2*J1,%2'18*Y0#*%'(#/"1*81$*:#'(1R1$*,2)-1"1(%T:1$*&#* 82$*&%>#"#'(#$*#$-1,%2$*/#2/"X>%,2$*&#8* (#""%(2"%2*'1,%2'18P;*Y0#* "#$-2'&#*18*)2&#82*&#*&#$1""2882* $0$(#'(138#P*#'&6/#'2*;$2,%18%$(1U

Q =Y"5*"5D.)DXN'(,5*0"*0"5)..,&&,*D"..'D,.')&V*h'%&1&*(#""%(2"%18*&#*,1T"X,(#"*#$("0,(0"18* $0-"182,18* ;*1"(%,081&2"1*&#* 81*2"/1'%N1,%6'*&#8!2&#"*!2-081"* ;*&#* 81*&%$("%30,%6'*#$-1,%18*&#8*&#$1""2882* $0$(#'T(138#P*#'&6/#'2*;*$2,%18%$(1P*,2'*81*>%'18%&1&*&#*2-(%)%N1"*81$*:#'T(1R1$* ,2)-1"1(%:1$* 82,18#$* ;* "#/%2'18#$P* 82$* -81'#$* &#* %':#"$%6'&#8* H$(1&2* :#'#N281'2*#'* %'>"1#$("0,(0"1P* #Y0%-1)%#'(2* ;* $#":%T,%2$P* 81* %)-81'(1,%6'*;*&#$1""2882*&#* ,1&#'1$*-"2&0,(%:1$* ;*#8* %'T(#",1)3%2*&#*3%#'#$*;* $#":%,%2$U

Q =O3'0)0*D"..'D,.')&V*I,,%6'*-81'%>%,1&2"1P*&#$(%'1&1*1*82/"1"*0'*&#T$1""2882*/#2/"X>%,2*;*/#2V0)1'2*#Y0%8%3"1&2P*,2'*31$#*#'* 81$*'#T,#$%&1&#$*;*-2(#',%18%&1&#$*&#*,1&1*"#/%6'P*-1"1*$0-#"1"* 81$*,2'T("1&%,,%2'#$*&#*2"&#'*$2,%18*;*#,2'6)%,2P*1-2;1'&2*#$-#,%18)#'(#1*81$*"#/%2'#$*;*,2)0'%&1&#$*&#*)#'2"*&#$1""2882*"#81(%:2P*,2'*#823R#(2*&#*18,1'N1"*#8*3%#'#$(1"* $2,%18* %'(#/"18U

Q =5D)0,*>,63/)&V* j2")1*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*-28Z(%,2* $2,%18P* >0'&1&1#'*#8*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1*#$(138#T,%&2*#'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81*K#-L38%,1P*#'*81*,018*#8*-2&#"*#$*#R#"T,%&2*&%"#,(1)#'(#*-2"* #8* -0#382P* ,2'*0'*)2&#82* #,2'6)%,2*&#-"2-%#&1&* $2,%18* ;*&#*&#$1""2882*#'&6/#'2* $0$(#'(138#P*Y0#*-#"T)%(1*18,1'N1"* 81*$0-"#)1*>#8%,%&1&*$2,%18*&#* 82$*:#'#N281'2$*;*:#T'#N281'1$*#'*81*$2,%#&1&*$2,%18%$(1U*<1*,a8081*>0'&1)#'(18*&#*,2'T>2")1,%6'*&#8*#$(1&2*,2)0'18*#$* 81*O2)0'1U

Q G)("D)* (,63/)&V*{"/1'2* %'>2")1(%:2*2>%,%18*&#* 81*O2)0'1P*#'*#8,018* $#*-038%,1"X'* 81$* ,1"(1$* ,2)0'18#$P* 81$*&#,%$%2'#$*&#8*!1"81T)#'(2*O2)0'18*;*81$*&#8*M1',2*&#*81*O2)0'1*Y0#*-2$#1'*,1"X,(#":%',081'(#*-1"1*$0$*V13%(1'(#$P*1$Z*,2)2*(2&2$*1Y0#882$*1,(2$*Y0#"#Y0%#"1'*-1"1*$0*:18%&#N* 81*-038%,1,%6'*#'*&%,V2* %'$("0)#'(2U

Q G"5D'@/*"(,/@6'()*(,63/)&V*O2'R0'(2*&#*1,,%2'#$*Y0#*$#*-81'%>%T,1'P* 2"/1'%N1'P* &%"%/#'P* #R#,0(1'* ;* ,2'("281'* &#* )1'#"1-1"(%,%-1(%:1*;*-"2(1/6'%,1P*#'*>0',%6'*&#*,21&;0:1"*#'*81*/#'#"1T,%6'*&#*'0#:1$* "#81,%2'#$* $2,%18#$*&#*-"2&0,,%6'*Y0#* $1(%$>1/1'


125

81$*'#,#$%&1&#$*,28#,(%:1$*&#*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*;*81$*,2)0'1$P*-1"1,2'("%30%"*18*&#$1""2882* %'(#/"18*&#8*-1Z$U

Q </5D)/(')5*0"&*Z,0".*Z,#3&).V* O2'$(%(0%&1$*-2"* 82$*&%>#"#'(#$* $%$T(#)1$*&#*1/"#/1,%6'*,2)0'18=*,2'$#R2$*,2)0'18#$P*,2)0'1$P*,%0T&1&#$* ,2)0'18#$P* >#&#"1,%2'#$* ,2)0'18#$P* ,2'>#&#"1,%2'#$* ,2T)0'18#$*;*82$*2("2$*Y0#P*&#*1,0#"&2*1*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81*K#-LT38%,1*;* 81* 8#;P*$0"R1'*&#*81* %'%,%1(%:1*-2-081"U

Q Q".()0,5* 0"* D.3"O3"* (,63/'D).',V* H$-1,%2$* >Z$%,2$* &#$(%'1&2$-#"%6&%,1)#'(#*18* %'(#",1)3%2* R0$(2* ;* $28%&1"%2*&#*3%#'#$P* $#":%T,%2$P*$13#"#$*;*,2'2,%)%#'(2$P*,2'*#8*0$2*&#*)2'#&1$*,2)0'18#$U

Q Q,0"&,*#.,03(D'-,*5,(')&'5D)V*S2&#82*&#*-"2&0,,%6'*31$1&2*#'*81-"2-%#&1&*$2,%18P*2"%#'(1&2*V1,%1* 81*#8%)%'1,%6'*&#* 81*&%:%$%6'*$2T,%18* &#8* ("131R2*-"2-%2*&#8*)2&#82* ,1-%(18%$(1U* H8*)2&#82*&#*-"2T&0,,%6'* $2,%18%$(1* #$(X* &%"%/%&2* 1* 81* $1(%$>1,,%6'*&#*'#,#$%&1&#$,"#,%#'(#$*&#* 81*-2381,%6'P*1* ("1:a$*&#*'0#:1$* >2")1$*&#*/#'#"1T,%6'*;*1-"2-%1,%6'*1$Z*,2)2*&#*81*"#%':#"$%6'*$2,%18*&#8*#g,#&#'(#U

Q P.N)/'2)(',/"5*0"*%)5"*0"&*Z,0".*Z,#3&).V*.2'*1Y0#881$*,2'$(%(0%T&1$*-2"* ,%0&1&1'2$*;* ,%0&1&1'1$*-1"1* 81*3L$Y0#&1*&#8*3%#'#$(1",28#,(%:2U

Q Z&)/'W'()('@/*#).D'('#)D'-)V*j2")1*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#*82$*,%0&1&1T'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*#'*#8*&%$#\2P*>2")081,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'P*#:1801,%6';*,2'("28*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$U

Q Z&)/'W'()('@/V* !"2,#$2*&#* >2")081,%6'*&#*-81'#$* ;*-"2;#,(2$* ,2':%$(1*1*$0*#R#,0,%6'*"1,%2'18*;*$%$(#)X(%,1P*#'*#8*)1",2*&#*0'*$%$(#)12"/X'%,2*'1,%2'18P*Y0#*-#")%(1*81*,22"&%'1,%6'P*,22-#"1,%6'P*$#/0%T)%#'(2*;*#:1801,%6'*&#* 81$*1,,%2'#$*-81'%>%,1&1$P*&#*,2'>2")%&1&,2'*#8*-"2;#,(2*'1,%2'18*-81$)1&2*#'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81*K#-L38%T,1*;*#'*#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'U

Q Z."53#3"5D,*#).D'('#)D'-,V*S#,1'%$)2*)#&%1'(#*#8* ,018* 82$*,%0&1T&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*-"2-2'#'P*&#8%3#"1'*;*&#,%&#'*$23"#*81*>2")0T81,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'P* ,2'("28* ;*#:1801,%6'*&#* 82$*-"#$0-0#$(2$*-L38%T,2$P*,2'*#8*-"2-6$%(2*&#*)1(#"%18%N1"* 82$*-"2;#,(2$*Y0#*-#")%(1'*#8&#$1""2882*&#* 81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*;*#8*3%#'#$(1"*$2,%18*/#'#"18U

Q Z.,03(D,."5* U* #.,03(D,.)5V* 9'(#/"1'(#$* &#* 81$* 2"/1'%N1,%2'#$$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*Y0#* ,2'>2")1'*#8* $%$(#)1*#,2'6)%,2* ,2)0'18P

Ulises Daal

126

Y0#*#R#",#'*#8*,2'("28*$2,%18*&#*81*-"2&0,,%6'P*&#*)1'#"1*&%"#,(1*2#'*,2'R0'(2*,2'* 81* "#-"#$#'(1,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2* $#/L'* 81*2"T/1'%N1,%6'P* $#1*&#*-"2-%#&1&*&%"#,(1* ,2)0'18*2*&#*-"2-%#&1&* %'T&%"#,(1*,2)0'18c*;*,0;1$*"#81,%2'#$*&#*("131R2*$#*31$1'*#'*81*%/018T&1&*&#*&#"#,V2$*;*&#3#"#$P*$%'*'%'/L'*(%-2*&#*&%$,"%)%'1,%6'*'%*&#-2$%,%6'* R#"X"Y0%,1U

Q Z.,#'"0)0*5,(')&V*H8*&#"#,V2*Y0#*(%#'#*81*$2,%#&1&*&#*-2$##"*)#T&%2$* ;* >1,(2"#$* &#*-"2&0,,%6'*2* #'(%&1&#$* ,2'*-2$%3%8%&1&#$*&#,2':#"(%"$#*#'*(18#$P*#$#',%18#$*-1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*0'*:%&1*-8#'12* 81*-"2&0,,%6'*&#*23"1$P*3%#'#$*2*$#":%,%2$P*Y0#*-2"*,2'&%,%6'*;'1(0"18#N1*-"2-%1*$2'*&#8*&2)%'%2*&#8*H$(1&2c*3%#'*$#1*-2"*$0*,2'T&%,%6'*#$("1(a/%,1*-1"1* 81* $23#"1'Z1* ;*#8*&#$1""2882*V0)1'2* %'(#T/"18*'1,%2'18P*2*-2"Y0#*$0*1-"2:#,V1)%#'(2*/1"1'(%N1*#8*3%#'#$(1"/#'#"18P* 81* $1(%$>1,,%6'*&#* 81$*'#,#$%&1&#$*V0)1'1$P*#8*&#$1""2882V0)1'2* %'(#/"18*;*#8* 82/"2*&#* 81*$0-"#)1*>#8%,%&1&*$2,%18U

Q Z.,536'0,."5*U*#.,536'0,.)5V* !#"$2'1$*Y0#*-"2&0,#'P*&%$("%30T;#'*;* ,2'$0)#'*3%#'#$P* $#":%,%2$P* $13#"#$* ;* ,2'2,%)%#'(2$P*)#T&%1'(#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*:280'(1"%1*#'* 82$* $%$(#)1$*18(#"'1(%:2$*&#%'(#",1)3%2*$28%&1"%2P*-1"1*$1(%$>1,#"*$0$*'#,#$%&1&#$*;*81$*&#*2("1$-#"$2'1$*&#*$0*,2)0'%&1&U

Q Z.,U"(D,5* 5,(',#.,03(D'-,5V* O2'R0'(2*&#* 1,(%:%&1&#$* ,2',"#(1$P2"%#'(1&1$*1*82/"1"*0'2*2*:1"%2$*23R#(%:2$*-1"1*&1"*"#$-0#$(1*1*81$'#,#$%&1&#$P*1$-%"1,%2'#$*;*-2(#',%18%&1&#$*&#* 81*,2)0'%&1&*2* 81,2)0'1P*>2")081&2*,2'*31$#*1*82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#8*$%$(#)1*#,2'6)%T,2*,2)0'18*#'*,2""#$-2'&#',%1* ,2'*#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6T)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'P*;*#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*O2)0'18U

Q !"0"5* 5,(',#.,03(D'-)5V*I"(%,081,%6'*#* %'(#/"1,%6'*&#* 82$*-"2,#T$2$*-"2&0,(%:2$*&#* 81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*-2"*X"#1$&#*-"2&0,,%6'*;* $#":%,%2$P* >0'&1&1*#'* 82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#* ,22-#"1T,%6'P* $28%&1"%&1&* ;* ,2)-8#)#'(1"%#&1&U

Q !"'/-".5'@/*5,(')&*0"&*"[("0"/D"V*H$*#8*0$2*&#*82$*"#,0"$2$*"#)1T'#'(#$*-"2:#'%#'(#$*&#*81*1,(%:%&1&*#,2'6)%,1*&#*81$*2"/1'%N1,%2T'#$*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$P*#'*-"2*&#*$1(%$>1,#"*81$*'#,#$%&1&#$*,28#,(%T:1$*&#*81*,2)0'%&1&*2*81*,2)0'1P*;*,2'("%30%"*18*&#$1""2882*$2,%18%'(#/"18*&#8*-1Z$U


127

Q J'5D"6)*0"*0'5D.'%3('@/*0"*D.3"O3"*(,63/'D).',V*.%$(#)1*&#$(%'1T&2*-#"%6&%,1)#'(#*18* %'(#",1)3%2*R0$(2*;*$28%&1"%2*&#*3%#'#$P*$#"T:%,%2$P* $13#"#$* ;* ,2'2,%)%#'(2$U

Q J'5D"6)*=(,/@6'(,*>,63/)&V* O2'R0'(2*&#* "#81,%2'#$* $2,%18#$*&#-"2&0,,%6'P*&%$("%30,%6'P* %'(#",1)3%2*;*,2'$0)2*&#*3%#'#$*;*$#"T:%,%2$P* 1$Z* ,2)2*&#* $13#"#$*;* ,2'2,%)%#'(2P*&#$1""2881&1$*-2"* 81$%'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P* #8*!2&#"*!L38%,2P*2*-2"*1,0#"&2*#'T("#*1)32$P* 1* ("1:a$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*31R2* >2"T)1$*&#*-"2-%#&1&*$2,%18* ,2)0'18U

Q J'5D"6)*7)(',/)&*0"*Z&)/'W'()('@/V*O22"&%'1,%6'*;*1"(%,081,%6'*&#81$* %'$(1',%1$*&#*-81'%>%,1,%6'*-1"(%,%-1(%:1*&#* 82$*&%$(%'(2$*'%:#8#$&#*/23%#"'2*-1"1*&#>%'%"P* >2")081"P*-"%2"%N1"P*&%"#,,%2'1"*;*1")2'%TN1"*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$P*#'*,2',2"&1',%1*,2'*82*#$(138#,%&2*#'*#8!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#* 81*J1,%6'P*&#*,2'>2")%T&1&*,2'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81*K#-L38%,1U

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a/%,2$* Y0#-#")%(1*Y0#* (2&1$* 81$* >1)%8%1$P* ,%0&1&1'2$* :#'#N281'2$* ;* ,%0&1T&1'1$*:#'#N281'1$*-2$#1'P*0$#'*;*&%$>"0(#'*&#*$0*-1("%)2'%2P*-"2T-%#&1&* %'&%:%&018*2* >1)%8%1"P* ;*#R#"N1'*#8*-8#'2*/2,#*&#* $0$*&#"#T,V2$*#,2'6)%,2$P* $2,%18#$P*-28Z(%,2$* ;* ,08(0"18#$U

Q :.)%)Y,*(,&"(D'-,V*I,(%:%&1&*2"/1'%N1&1P*-81'%>%,1&1*;*&#$1""2881&1-2"* 82$* %'(#/"1'(#$*&#* 81$*&%$(%'(1$* >2")1$*2"/1'%N1(%:1$*&#*-"2T&0,,%6'*&#*-"2-%#&1&* $2,%18P* 31$1&1*#'*0'1* "#81,%6'*&#*-"2&0,T,%6'*'2* 18%#'1&1P* -"2-%1* ;* 10(a'(%,1P* &#*)1'#"1*-1"(%,%-1(%:1* ;-"2(1/6'%,1U

Q :.3"O3"*(,63/'D).',*0'."(D,V*S2&18%&1&*&#* %'(#",1)3%2*&#*3%#T'#$P* $#":%,%2$P* $13#"#$* ;* ,2'2,%)%#'(2$* ,2'* :182"#$*)0(01)#'T(#*#Y0%:18#'(#$P*$%'*'#,#$%&1&*&#*0'*$%$(#)1*&#*,2)-#'$1,%6'*2)#&%1,%6'U

Ulises Daal

128

Q :.3"O3"*(,63/'D).',*'/0'."(D,V*S2&18%&1&*&#*%'(#",1)3%2*&#*3%#T'#$P* $#":%,%2$P* $13#"#$*;*,2'2,%)%#'(2$P* ,2'*:182"#$*&%$(%'(2$*Y0#'2*$2'*)0(01)#'(#*#Y0%:18#'(#$P*&2'&#*$#*"#Y0%#"#*&#*0'*$%$(#T)1*&#*,2)-#'$1,%6'*2*)#&%1,%6'*-1"1*#$(138#,#"P*&#*)1'#"1*#gT-8Z,%(1P* "#81,%2'#$*&#*#Y0%:18#',%1*#'("#*&%,V2$* :182"#$U

Q 1'5'@/*"5D.)DXN'()V* O2'R0'(2*&#*-"2-2$%,%2'#$*&#$#138#$*1* >0(0"2-1"1*0'*-#"Z2&2*&#(#")%'1&2P*,2'$("0%&1*&#*)1'#"1*-1"(%,%-1(%:1-2"* 82$*6"/1'2$*&#8* .%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'U

bELE A9M9:'"9A'7B"98'7B7DA=8

bELEHE'A9M'B8CK;>-='"9A'7B"98'7B7DA=85#*1,0#"&2*1* 81* ,81$%>%,1,%6'*#$(138#,%&1*#'*#8* 1"(Z,082*BCE*OKM+

$23"#* 82$* (%-2$*&#* 8#;#$*2"/X'%,1$P* $#* ("1(1*&#*0'1**@O&.768<P* -2"Y0##$(138#,#* 82$* 8%'#1)%#'(2$*/#'#"18#$*-1"1*/1"1'(%N1"*#8*&#"#,V2*,2'$(%T(0,%2'18*&#*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*#8*-"2(1/2'%$)2*&#8*-0#382*#'*#R#",%,%2*&#$0*$23#"1'Z1P*1*$#"*&#$1""2881&2$*&#*)1'#"1*#$-#,Z>%,1*#'*81$*2("1$*8#;#$$23"#* 81$*&%:#"$1$*X"#1$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"U

H'*#$#*$#'(%&2P*#$(1*<#;*S1",2*#$(138#,#*Y0#*$0*23R#(2*#$*&#$1""2T881"* ;* ,2'$28%&1"* #8* !2&#"* !2-081"P* /#'#"1'&2* ,2'&%,%2'#$* 23R#(%:1$* 1("1:a$*&#* 82$*&%:#"$2$*)#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*2"/1'%N1,%6'*#$(138#,%T&2$*#'*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81*K#-L38%,1P*#'*81*8#;*;*1Y0#882$*Y0#*$0"R1'*&#81* %'%,%1(%:1* -2-081"P* -1"1* Y0#* 82$* ,%0&1&1'2$* ;* ,%0&1&1'1$* #R#"N1'* #8-8#'2*&#"#,V2*1*81*$23#"1'Z1P* 81*&#)2,"1,%1*-1"(%,%-1(%:1P*-"2(1/6'%,1*;,2""#$-2'$138#P* 1$Z* ,2)2*1* 81* ,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* >2")1$*&#*10(2/23%#"'2,2)0'%(1"%1$*;* ,2)0'18#$P*-1"1*#8*#R#",%,%2*&%"#,(2*&#8*-2&#"c*&#>%'%#'T&2*#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*,2)2*#8*#R#",%,%2*-8#'2*&#*81*$23#"1'Z1*-2"*-1"(#*&#8-0#382*#'* 82*-28Z(%,2P*#,2'6)%,2P*$2,%18P* ,08(0"18P*1)3%#'(18P* %'(#"'1,%2T'18P*;*#'*(2&2*X)3%(2*&#8*&#$#':28:%)%#'(2*;*&#$1""2882*&#* 81*$2,%#&1&P1*("1:a$*&#*$0$*&%:#"$1$*;*&%$Z)%8#$*>2")1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'c*-1"1* 82*,018&%$-2'#*,%',2*X)3%(2$*&#*1,(01,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"=*[>7?9V98789U?&D@[<>HB987:&[QC>987:T& %8<?<FH7&,<F=?7>T& ,<?B67><6H7& '<897>T&-6D@?789U?& OR@:B9U?&D@>&(@669B<69<&;&]=:B9897&,<F=?7>L


129

bELELE'A9M'B8CK;>-='"9'AB:'-B;:9NB:'-B@D;=A9:

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

bELEUE'A9M'B8CK;>-='"9'A=:'-B@D;=:

H$(138#,#* 81$*'2")1$*Y0#* "#/081'* 81* ,2'$(%(0,%6'P* ,2'>2")1,%6'P2"/1'%N1,%6'*;*>0',%2'1)%#'(2*&#*81*O2)0'1P*,2)2*#'(%&1&*82,18*&2'&#82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*#R#",#'*#8*-8#'2*&#"#,V2*&#* 81*$23#"1'Z1*;&#$1""2881'* 81* -1"(%,%-1,%6'* -"2(1/6'%,1* )#&%1'(#* >2")1$* &#10(2/23%#"'2*-1"1* 81* #&%>%,1,%6'*&#8* H$(1&2*O2)0'18P* #'*#8*)1",2*&#8H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1U

I$%)%$)2P*&%$-2'#*Y0#*81*O2)0'1*$#*,2'$(%(0;#*)#&%1'(#*81*%'(#T/"1,%6'*&#*,2)0'%&1&#$*:#,%'1$*,2'*0'1*)#)2"%1*V%$(6"%,1*,2)-1"(%&1P"1$/2$* ,08(0"18#$P*0$2$*;* ,2$(0)3"#$P*Y0#* $#* "#,2'2,#'*#'*#8* (#""%(2"%2Y0#*2,0-1'*;*#'*81$*1,(%:%&1&#$*-"2&0,(%:1$*Y0#*8#*$%":#'*&#*$0$(#'(2P*;$23"#*#8* ,018* 81$* ,2)0'%&1&#$*Y0#* 81* ,2'>2")#'*#R#",#'* 82$*-"%',%-%2$&#*$23#"1'Z1*;*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-"2(1/6'%,1*,2)2*#g-"#$%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!2T-081"P* ,2'*0'* "a/%)#'*&#*-"2&0,,%6'* $2,%18* ;* #8*)2&#82*&#*&#$1""2882#'&6/#'2*;* $0$(#'(138#P* &#* 1,0#"&2*1* 82$* 8%'#1)%#'(2$* ,2'(#)-81&2$#'*#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81*J1,%6'U

Ulises Daal

130

<1$*-"%',%-18#$* %'$(1',%1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*;* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*&#* 81O2)0'1* $2'=

H8*[76>7F@?B<&,<F=?7>P*,2)2*)Xg%)1*%'$(1',%1*&#8*10(2/23%#"'2#'*81*O2)0'1P*%'(#/"1&2*-2"*0'*:2,#"2*2*:2,#"1*;*$0*"#$-#,(%:2*$0-8#'T(#P*#8#,(2*2*#8#,(1*-2"*,1&1*,2'$#R2*,2)0'18*&#*81*O2)0'1c*("#$*:2,#"2$2*:2,#"1$*;*$0$*"#$-#,(%:2$*$0-8#'(#$P*#8#,(2$*2*#8#,(1$*-2"*81$*2"/1'%N1T,%2'#$*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*&#*81*O2)0'1c*;*0'*:2,#"2*2*:2,#"1*;*$0*"#$-#,T(%:2*$0-8#'(#P*#'*"#-"#$#'(1,%6'*&#8*M1',2*&#*81*O2)0'1c*(2&2$*,2'*0'-#"Z2&2*&#*#R#",%,%2*&#* ("#$*1\2$P*-0&%#'&2*$#"* "##8#,(2$U

<1$*&#,%$%2'#$*&#8*!1"81)#'(2*O2)0'18* $#*#g-"#$1'*)#&%1'(#* 811-"231,%6'*&#*'2")1(%:1$*-1"1*81*"#/081,%6'*&#*81*:%&1*$2,%18*;*,2)0'%(1T"%1P*,21&;0:1"*,2'*#8*2"&#'*-L38%,2P* 81*,2':%:#',%1P* 81*-"%)1,Z1*&#8* %'(#T"a$* ,28#,(%:2* $23"#* #8* %'(#"a$* -1"(%,081"* ;* 81* &#>#'$1* &#* 82$* &#"#,V2$V0)1'2$P*1$Z*,2)2*#'*1,(2$*&#*/23%#"'2*$23"#*82$*1$-#,(2$*&#*-81'%>%,1T,%6'P*,22"&%'1,%6'*;*#R#,0,%6'*&#*-81'#$*;*-"2;#,(2$*#'*#8*X)3%(2*&#* 81O2)0'1U

!1"1*81*#R#,0,%6'*&#*$0$*&#,%$%2'#$P*"8*!1"81)#'(2*O2)0'18*,0#'(1,2'*0'*,<?:@Y<&%Y@8=B9A<P& %'(#/"1&2*-2"*("#$*:2,#"2$*2*:2,#"1$*;*$0$*"#$T-#,(%:2$*$0-8#'(#$P*#8#,(2$*&#*81*$%/0%#'(#*)1'#"1=*&2$*:2,#"2$*2*:2,#"1$-2"*#8*!1"81)#'(2*O2)0'18c*;*0'*:2,#"2*2*:2,#"1*&#*82$*:2,#"2$*2*:2,#"1$&#* 81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*1'(#*&%,V2*-1"81)#'(2U

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a$* ,28#,(%:2P* #'* ,2""#$-2'&#',%1,2'*#8* .%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'U

H8*17?8<&D@& >7&,<F=?7* #$* 81*#'(%&1&*-1"1*/1"1'(%N1"* 81* /#$(%6'*;1&)%'%$("1,%6'*&#* 82$* "#,0"$2$* >%'1',%#"2$* ;*'2* >%'1',%#"2$*Y0#* 8#* $#1'1$%/'1&2$*1*81*O2)0'1P*1$Z*,2)2*82$*/#'#"1&2$*2*,1-(1&2$*)#&%1'(#*$0$2-#"1,%2'#$P*-"2)2:%#'&2*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-"2(1/6'%,1*&#8*-0#382*#'* 81,2'$("0,,%6'*&#8*)2&#82*#,2'6)%,2*$2,%18%$(1P*)#&%1'(#*81*-"2)2,%6'*;


131

1-2;2*18*&#$1""2882*;*,2'$28%&1,%6'*&#*81*-"2-%#&1&*$2,%18*-1"1*#8*>2"(18#T,%)%#'(2*&#* 81*$23#"1'Z1* %'(#/"18*&#8*-1Z$U

H8*M1',2*&#*81*O2)0'1*-0#&#*"#18%N1"*(2&1$*81$*1,(%:%&1&#$*1$%/'1T&1$*1*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$*31',1"%1$*;*>%'1',%#"1$*&#8*-1Z$P*,2)2*$#*8#*"#,2'2T,#*#'*81*<#;*&#*9'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*.#,(2"*M1',1"%2P*-#"2*1*81*:#N*#$(X*#g#'T(2*&#* 81* "#/081,%2'#$*Y0#*#$(1*'2")1* 8#*#$(138#,#*1*#$1$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$=n<1$* %'$(%(0,%2'#$* >%'1',%#"1$*&#8* -2&#"* ,2)0'18* ;*-2-081"* $#*#',0#'T("1'*#g#'(1$*&#* 81* 1-8%,1,%6'*&#*#$(#*1"(Z,082* ;* $#"X'* "#/081&1$*#'* $0$2-#"1,%2'#$*-2"* #8*)1",2*'2")1(%:2*Y0#* 8#$* ,2""#$-2'&1Uo* [I"(U* E* <#;:=;67]UDE?

H8*,<?:@Y<&D@&%8<?<FH7&,<F=?7>*#$* 81* ''$(1',%1*#',1"/1&1*&#* 81-"2)2,%6'*&#8*&#$1""2882*#,2'6)%,2*&#*81*O2)0'1P*,2'>2")1&1*-2"*,%'T,2*:2,#"2$*2*:2,#"1$*;*$0$*"#$-#,(%:2$*$0-8#'(#$P*#8#,(2$*2*#8#,(1$*#'("#82$* %'(#/"1'(#$* &#* 82$* ,2)%(a$* &#* #,2'2)Z1* ,2)0'18* &#* 82$* ,2'$#R2$,2)0'18#$*Y0#* %'(#/"#'* 81*O2)0'1U

H'*(1'(2*Y0#*#8*,<?:@Y<&D@&,<?B67><6H7&'<897>*#$*81*%'$(1',%1*#',1"T/1&1*&#* 81* :%/%81',%1P* $0-#":%$%6'P* #:1801,%6'*;* ,2'("28* $2,%18* $23"#* 82$-"2;#,(2$P* -81'#$* ;* 1,(%:%&1&#$*&#* %'(#"a$* ,28#,(%:2*Y0#*#'*#8* X)3%(2(#""%(2"%18*&#* 81*O2)0'1*#R#,0(#'*2*&#$1""288#'* 81$* %'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"*2*#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2U

bELEXE'A9M'B8CK;>-='"9'7A=;>I>-=->?;'7J3A>-='M'7B7DA=8O2'(#)-81*82$*-"%',%-%2$*;*'2")1$*Y0#*$23"#*81*-81'%>%,1,%6'*"%/#'

1*81$*"1)1$*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2*;*81$*%'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P* 81*2"/1T'%N1,%6'*;*>0',%2'1)%#'(2*&#*82$*6"/1'2$*#',1"/1&2$*&#*81*-81'%>%,1,%6';*,22"&%'1,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$P*,2'*81*>%'18%&1&*&#*#$(138#,#"*0'$%$(#)1*&#*-81'%>%,1,%6'*Y0#*/1"1'(%,#*#8*#)-8#2*&#* 82$* "#,0"$2$*-L38%T,2$*&%"%/%&2$*1* 81* ,2'$#,0,%6'P* ,22"&%'1,%6'*;*1")2'%N1,%6'*&#* 82$*-81T'#$P*-"2/"1)1$*;*-"2;#,(2$*-1"1* 81*("1'$>2")1,%6'*&#8*-1Z$P*1*("1:a$*&#0'1* R0$(1*&%$("%30,%6'*&#* 81*"%Y0#N1P*)#&%1'(#*0'1*-81'%>%,1,%6'*#$("1(aT/%,1P*&#)2,"X(%,1P*-1"(%,%-1(%:1*;*&#* ,2'$08(1*13%#"(1P*-1"1* 81* ,2'$("0,T,%6'*&#* 81*$2,%#&1&*$2,%18%$(1*&#* R0$(%,%1*;*#Y0%&1&U

DE?*71,#(1*e>%,%18*JÅ*AUCDp*Hg("12"&UrB@TDBTBCDCU

Ulises Daal

132

O"#1*#8*'9:B@F7&$789<?7>&D@&[>7?9V98789U?P*-1"1*1$#/0"1"*#8*82/"2*&#81$*)#(1$*#$(138#,%&1$*#'*#8*!81'*&#*5#$1""2882*H,2'6)%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*81J1,%6'P*)#&%1'(#* 81*2-(%)%N1,%6'*&#* 82$*-"2,#$2$*&#*&#>%'%,%6'P* >2")0T81,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*;*#:1801,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*-L38%,1$*#'*,1&1*0'2*&#*$0$'%:#8#$U*H$(#* $%$(#)1P*Y0#*&#3#*,2'$(%(0%"$#*#'*#8*-"%',%-18* %'$("0)#'(2-1"1*#8* &#$1""2882*&#8*S2&#82* j#&#"18* O22-#"1(%:2* ,2'(#)-81&2*#'*#81"(Z,082*F*&#*81*OKM+P*#$(X*%'(#/"1&2*-2"*H8*,<?:@Y<&\@D@67>&D@&R<C9@6?<T82$*,<?:@Y<:&%:B7D7>@:&D@&[>7?9V98789U?&O&,<<6D9?789U?&D@&[<>HB987:&[QC>9S87:T&82$*,<?:@Y<:&*<87>@:&D@&[>7?9V98789U?&[QC>987T&82$*,<?:@Y<:&D@&[>7?9V9S8789U?&,<F=?7>&;& 82$*,<?:@Y<:&,<F=?7>@:L

bELE]E'A9M'B8CK;>-='"9A'-B;:9NB'I9"98=A'"9'CB3>98;B

H'*&#$1""2882*&#8*1"(Z,082*D@p*OKM+P*"#/081*81*2"/1'%N1,%6'*;*#8*>0'T,%2'1)%#'(2*&#8*O2'$#R2*j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c*,0#'(1*,2'*0'1*.#,"#(1"Z1*;*#8*j2'&2*&#*O2)-#'$1,%6'9'(#"(#""%(2"%18P*&#$(%'1&2*18*>%'1',%1)%#'(2*&#*%':#"$%2'#$*-L38%,1$*-1"1-"2)2:#"* #8* &#$1""2882* #Y0%8%3"1&2*&#* 81$* "#/%2'#$P* 81* ,22-#"1,%6'* ;,2)-8#)#'(1,%6'*&#*81$*-28Z(%,1$*#*%'%,%1(%:1$*&#*&#$1""2882*&#*81$*&%$(%'T(1$* #'(%&1&#$*-L38%,1$* (#""%(2"%18#$P* ;* 1* 1-2;1"* #$-#,%18)#'(#* 81*&2(1T,%6'*&#*23"1$* ;* $#":%,%2$*#$#',%18#$*#'* 81$* "#/%2'#$* ;* ,2)0'%&1&#$*&#)#'2"*&#$1""2882* "#81(%:2U

*DE@****W1$(1*82$*)2)#'(2$*$2'*:#%'(#*[BC]*82$*:2,#"2$*;*:2,#"1$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"1'(#*#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2=*2',#*[DD]*-2"*81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*(#""%(2T"%18#$=* ,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'18#$c* ;*'0#:#* [G]*-2"* 81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* $#,(2"%18#$=,1)-#$%'2$P* ("131R1&2"#$P* R0:#'(0&P* %'(#8#,(018#$P*-#$,1&2"#$P*&#-2"(%$(1$P)0R#"#$P*,08(2"#$*#*%'&Z/#'1$*[I"(U*DD*&#8*K#/81)#'(2*&#*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2=*7UeU*Jq*EGUFDA*r*CFTCpTBCDC]U


133

bELE[E'A9M'B8CK;>-='"9A':>:<9@='9-B;?@>-B'-B@D;=A

H$(138#,#* 81$* '2")1$P* -"%',%-%2$P* ;* -"2,#&%)%#'(2$*-1"1* 81* ,"#1T,%6'P* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*;*&#$1""2882*&#8* .%$(#)1*&#*H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18P%'(#/"1&2*-2"*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*31R2* "a/%)#'*&#*-"2-%#T&1&*$2,%18* ,2)0'18*,0;1*,2'>2")1,%6'*$#1* %)-08$1&1*-2"* 81$* %'$(1',%1$&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P*#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2P*2*-2"*1,0#"&2*#'("#*1)32$P*-1"1*81-"2&0,,%6'P*&%$("%30,%6'P* %'(#",1)3%2*;* ,2'$0)2*&#*3%#'#$* ;* $#":%,%2$P1$Z* ,2)2*&#* $13#"#$* ;* ,2'2,%)%#'(2$P* -1"1* $1(%$>1,#"* 81$* '#,#$%&1&#$,28#,(%:1$* ;* "#%':#"(%"* $2,%18)#'(#*#8* #g,#&#'(#P*)#&%1'(#*0'1*-81'%>%T,1,%6'*#$("1(a/%,1P*&#)2,"X(%,1*;*-1"(%,%-1(%:1U

!1"1*#8*&#$1""2882*&#8* $%$(#)1*#,2'6)%,2*,2)0'18P* 81* 8#;*&%$-2'##'*#8*1"(Z,082*DCP* 81$*$%/0%#'(#$* >2")1$*2"/1'%N1(%:1$*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$=

Q 379)#.&" 1#" 9)09+#1&1" .0/+&%" 1+)#/*&" /07:$&%T* h'%&1&$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1*,2'$(%(0%&1*-2"*81$*%'$(1',%1$*&#*!2&#"*!2-081"*#'$0$*"#$-#,(%:2$*X)3%(2$*/#2/"X>%,2$P*&#$(%'1&1*18*3#'#>%,%2*&#* 82$-"2&0,(2"#$*;*-"2&0,(2"1$*Y0#*81*%'(#/"1'P*&#*81*,28#,(%:%&1&*1*81$Y0#*,2""#$-2'&#'*;*18*&#$1""2882* $2,%18* %'(#/"18*&#8*-1Z$P*1* ("1:a$&#* 81* "#%':#"$%6'* $2,%18*&#* $0$*#g,#&#'(#$U* <1* /#$(%6'*;* 1&)%'%$T("1,%6'*&#* 81$* #)-"#$1$*&#*-"2-%#&1&* $2,%18* ,2)0'18* &%"#,(1* #$#R#",%&1*-2"* 81* %'$(1',%1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*Y0#* 81*,2'$(%(0;1U

Q 379)#.&" 1#" 9)09+#1&1" .0/+&%" +$1+)#/*&" /07:$&%T* h'%&1&$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1*,2'$(%(0%&1*-2"*#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2*#'*#8*X)3%(2* (#T""%(2"%18*&#*0'1* %'$(1',%1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"P*&#$(%'1&1$*18*3#'#>%T,%2*&#*$0$*-"2&0,(2"#$*;*-"2&0,(2"1$P*&#*81*,28#,(%:%&1&*&#8*X)3%(2/#2/"X>%,2* "#$-#,(%:2* ;* &#8* &#$1""2882* $2,%18* %'(#/"18* &#8* -1Z$P* 1("1:a$*&#*81*"#%':#"$%6'*$2,%18*&#*$0$*#g,#&#'(#$U*<1*/#$(%6'*;*1&T)%'%$("1,%6'*&#*81$*#)-"#$1$*&#*-"2-%#&1&*$2,%18*%'&%"#,(1*,2""#$T-2'&#*18*#'(#*0*6"/1'2*&#8*!2&#"*!L38%,2*Y0#*81$*,2'$(%(0;1'c*$%'Y0#*#882*23$(#*-1"1*Y0#P*-"2/"#$%:1)#'(#P* 81* /#$(%6'* ;* 1&)%'%$T("1,%6'*&#*#$(1$*#)-"#$1$* $#1* ("1'$>#"%&1*1* 81$* %'$(1',%1$*&#8*!2T&#"*!2-081"P*,2'$(%(0;a'&2$#*1$Z*#'*#)-"#$1$*&#*-"2-%#&1&*$2,%18,2)0'18*&%"#,(1U

Q =$+1&1"9)01:/*+8&"6&7+%+&)T*H$*0'1*2"/1'%N1,%6'*,0;2$*%'(#/"1'(#$-#"(#'#,#'* 1* 0'* 'L,8#2* >1)%8%1"* Y0#* &#$1""2881* -"2;#,(2$$2,%2-"2&0,(%:2$*&%"%/%&2$*1* $1(%$>1,#"* $0$*'#,#$%&1&#$*;* 81$*&#* 81

Ulises Daal

134

,2)0'%&1&c* ;*&2'&#* $0$* %'(#/"1'(#$P*31R2*#8*-"%',%-%2*&#* R0$(%,%1$2,%18P* (%#'#'* %/018&1&*&#*&#"#,V2$*;*&#3#"#$U

Q H):90." 1#" +$*#)/&74+0* $0%+1&)+0T* O2'R0'(2* &#* -"2$0)%&2"#$* ;-"2$0)%&2"1$* 2"/1'%N1&2$* :280'(1"%1)#'(#P* ,2'* 81* >%'18%&1&*&#-1"(%,%-1"*#'*18/0'1*&#* 81$*)2&18%&1&#$*&#* 82$*$%$(#)1$*18(#"'1(%T:2$*&#* %'(#",1)3%2* $28%&1"%2U

bELEbE'A9M'B8CK;>-='"9'-B;<8=AB8O=':B->=AH$(138#,#* 81$*'2")1$P*)#,1'%$)2$* ;* ,2'&%,%2'#$*-1"1* 81*-"2)2T

,%6'P*&#$1""2882*;* ,2'$28%&1,%6'*&#* 81* ,2'("182"Z1* $2,%18* ,2)2*)#&%2*&#-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*&#*,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&*&#* 82$*,%0&1&1'2$P* 81$*,%0&1&1'1$;*$0$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%18#$P*)#&%1'(#*#8*#R#",%,%2*,2)-1"(%&2*#'("#*#8!2&#"*!L38%,2*;*#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*&#*81*>0',%6'*&#*-"#:#',%6'P*:%/%81',%1P$0-#":%$%6'*;*,2'("28*&#*81*/#$(%6'*-L38%,1*;*,2)0'%(1"%1P*1$Z*,2)2*&#*81$1,(%:%&1&#$*&#8* $#,(2"*-"%:1&2*Y0#* %',%&1'*#'* 82$* %'(#"#$#$* ,28#,(%:2$*2$2,%18#$U

5%$-2'#P*Y0#*$%'*-#"R0%,%2*&#*,018Y0%#"* %'%,%1(%:1*-2-081"*Y0#*$0"TR1'*&#* 81*&%'X)%,1*$2,%18*;*#$(a*#')1",1&1*#'* 81$*&%$-2$%,%2'#$* 8#/18#$P#8* ,2'("28* $2,%18* $#*#R#",#*)#&%1'(#* ("#$*)2&18%&1&#$W

DU 0?D9A9D=7>=* ,01'&2* 81*-#"$2'1* >2")081*2*&%"%/#*0'1* $28%,%(0&P*23T$#":1,%6'*2*&#'0',%1*$23"#*1$0'(2$*&#*$0*%'(#"a$*-1"(%,081"*2*"#81T,%2'1&2*,2'*#8* %'(#"a$*,28#,(%:2*2*$2,%18U

BU ,<>@8B9A7F@?B@=*1*("1:a$*&#*81*,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$P*-2"%'%,%1(%:1*-2-081"P*,2'>2")1&1$*-2"*&2$*2*)X$*-#"$2'1$P*-1"1*#R#"T,#"*#8*,2'("28*&#*)1'#"1*(#)-2"18*$23"#*0'1*$%(01,%6'*#$-#,Z>%,1*;,%",0'$(1',%18c*<&;@6F7?@?B@F@?B@P* $23"#* ,018Y0%#"*1,(%:%&1&*&#8X)3%(2*&#8* ,2'("28* $2,%18P*D@C9@?D<&@:B7:&Q>B9F7:& 8=F;>96& 8<?& >7:V<6F7>9D7D@:&D@&8<?:B9B=89U?&@:B7C>@89D7:&@?&>7&>@O*O&6@59:B67:@&@?&@>.9?9:B@69<&D@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76&8<?&8<F;@B@?897&@?&F7B@697&D@&;76B9S89;789U?& 89=D7D7?7L

EU -65J?987F@?B@=*O01'&2*$#1'*,"#1&1$*)#&%1'(#* 8#;P*#$(138#,%a'&2T$#8#$*$0*>2")1*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'P*%'(#/"1,%6'P*>0',%2'1)%#'(2*;*X)3%T(2*&#*1,(01,%6'U*I*#$(1*)2&18%&1&* ,2""#$-2'&#'* 81$*h'%&1&#$*&#O2'("182"Z1*.2,%18*&#*82$*O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$P*82$*O2'$#R2$*&#*O2'T("182"Z1*.2,%18*&#*81$*O2)0'1$*;*,018Y0%#"*2("1*#$(138#,%&1*&#*)1T'#"1*#$-#,Z>%,1*#'* 81$* 8#;#$U


135

!1"1* 81*,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#*,2'("28*$2,%18*#'* 81*)2T&18%&1&* ,28#,(%:1P* $#* #$(138#,%6*Y0#* ,01'&2* $0* 1,(%:%&1&* $#1*&#* >2")1;@6F7?@?B@*&#3#'*,0)-8%"&-"#:%1)#'(#*8<?& >7:& V<6F7>9D7D@:&@:B7C>@89SD7:&@?&>7&>@O*O&6@59:B67:@&@?&@>&.9?9:B@69<&D@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76&8<?&8<F;@B@?S897&@?&F7B@697&D@&;76B989;789U?&89=D7D7?7P*-2"Y0#*$#*("1(1*&#*0'1*2"/1'%TN1,%6'*Y0#*&#3#* "#$-2'&#"*1* 82$* %'(#"#$#$*&#8* ,28#,(%:2*2* $#,(2"* $2,%18Y0#* #g-"#$#L* 5#* #$1*)1'#"1P* 81* 8#;* '2* ,2',%3#P* -2"* #R#)-82P* Y0#*0'/"0-2*&#*,%',2*-#"$2'1$*1/"0-1&1$*31R2*81*&#'2)%'1,%6'*&#*+:<89789U?,9A9>&D@&/:=769<:&O&/:=7697:&D@>&(67?:;<6B@&/6C7?<*D@&2@?@Z=@>7&-"#(#'&1$#"*81*#g-"#$%6'*&#*(2&2$*82$*0$01"%2$*;*(2&1$*81$*0$01"%1$*&#*#$#*$#":%,%2#'*#8*-1Z$P*$%'*Y0#*a$(2$*;*a$(1$*8#*V1;1'*10(2"%N1&2*-1"1*#882P*Y0#*,2'$T(%(0%"Z1*0'1*0$0"-1,%6'*&#* 81*:280'(1&*&#*#$#*,28#,(%:2U

H'*#$#*$#'(%&2P*(18*,2)2*82*-"2;#,(1*81* 8#;P* 82$*"#Y0%$%(2$*)Z'%)2$&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#*82$*;*81$*%'(#/"1'(#$*&#*0'*&#(#")%'1&2*,28#,(%:2*&#81*$2,%#&1&*-1"1*81*,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*0'1*2"/1'%N1,%6'*&#*,2'("28*$2,%18*Y0##g-"#$#*1*#$#*,28#,(%:2P*&#3#'*#$(138#,#"$#*#'*#8*K#/81)#'(2*&#* 81* 8#;c;*&#*#$1*)1'#"1*-2&"X*,0)-8%"$#*82*Y0#*81*)%$)1*'2")1(%:1*&%$-2'#*#',01'(2*Y0#*82$*:2,#"2$*;*:2,#"1$*Y0#*#R#"N1'*81*#g-"#$%6'*&#*(2&1*2"/1T'%N1,%6'*&#*,2'("28* $2,%18* 1'(#*#8* "#$(2*&#* 81* $2,%#&1&P*&#3#'*$#"*#8#/%T&2$*&#)2,"X(%,1)#'(#*#'*1$1)38#1*&#*$0$*%'(#/"1'(#$P*,2)2*"#'&%"*,0#'T(1*1'(#*a$(1*&#*$0$*1,(01,%2'#$P*;*81*,018*(%#'#*81*>1,08(1&*&#*"#:2,1"*82$)1'&1(2$*&#*82$*:2,#"2$*;*:2,#"1$U

bELEdE'A9M'B8CK;>-='"9'A='ND8>:">-->?;'9:79->=A''"9'A='ND:<>->='"9'7=T'-B@D;=A

H$(138#,#*81$*'2")1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*;*>0',%2'1)%#'(2*&#*81*R0"%$T&%,,%6'*#$-#,%18*&#* 81* `0$(%,%1*&#*!1N*O2)0'18P* ,2)2*X)3%(2*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"*#*%'(#/"1'(#*&#8*$%$(#)1*&#*R0$(%,%1P*-1"1*#8*82/"2*2*-"#$#":1,%6'&#* 81* 1")2'Z1* #'* 81$* "#81,%2'#$* >1)%8%1"#$P* #'* 81* ,2':%:#',%1* :#,%'18* ;,2)0'%(1"%1P* 1$Z* ,2)2* "#$28:#"* 82$* 1$0'(2$*&#"%:1&2$*&#8* #R#",%,%2*&#8&#"#,V2*1*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1P*"#81,%2'1&2*,2'*81$*1,(01,%2'#$*&#81$* %'$(1',%1$* ;*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"U

H'*#8*)1",2*&#*$0$*1,(01,%2'#$P* 82$* R0#,#$*&#*-1N*,2)0'18#$* (%#T'#'*-2(#$(1&*-1"1* (2)1"* &#,%$%2'#$P* 1* ("1:a$* &#*)#&%2$* 18(#"'1(%:2$-1"1* 81* "#$280,%6'*&#* ,2'>8%,(2$*2* ,2'("2:#"$%1$*#'*#8* X)3%(2* (#""%(2"%18

Ulises Daal

136

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

bELEZE'A9M'B8CK;>-='7=8='A='C9:<>?;'-B@D;><=8>=

''"9'-B@79<9;->=:e':98V>->B:'M'B<8=:'=<8>3D->B;9:

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

H$(138#,#*,2)2*$0R#(2$*&#*("1'$>#"#',%1* (2&1$* 81$* >2")1$*&#*2"T/1'%N1,%6'* &#* 31$#* &#8* !2&#"* !2-081"P* #'* #$-#,%18=* 81$* ,2)0'1$P* 82$,2'$#R2$*,2)0'18#$P* 81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*31R2* "a/%)#'&#*-"2-%#&1&*$2,%18P*,2)0'18P*2*)%g(1$P*;*81$*'0#:1$*>2")1$*&#*2"/1'%TN1,%6'*-2-081"*"#,2'2,%&1$*-2"*#8*2"&#'1)%#'(2*R0"Z&%,2*:%/#'(#P*,"#1T&1$*2*Y0#*$#1'*,"#1&1$*,2'*#8*>%'*&#*&#$1""2881"*-"2,#$2$*10(2/#$(%2'1T"%2$*;*,2/#$(%2'1"%2$*#'*81*1&)%'%$("1,%6'*;*,2'("28*&#*82$*$#":%,%2$*-LT38%,2$* #$(1&18#$* ;*)0'%,%-18#$P* Y0#* /1"1'(%,#'* 81* -1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#* 82$


137

,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'18#$P* ,2)0'%&1&#$P* 2"/1'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$31R2* "a/%)#'*&#*-"2-%#&1&* $2,%18* ,2)0'18P* 81$* ,2)0'1$* ;*&#)X$* >2"T)1$*&#*2"/1'%N1,%6'*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*#'* 81* >2")081,%6'*&#*-"2-0#$T(1$*&#*%':#"$%6'*1'(#*81$*10(2"%&1&#$*'1,%2'18#$P*#$(1&18#$*;*)0'%,%-1T8#$P* -1"1* 81* /#$(%6'* ,2)0'%(1"%1* ;* ,2)0'18* &#* $#":%,%2$* #'*)1(#"%1*&#$180&P*#&0,1,%6'P*:%:%#'&1P*&#-2"(#P*,08(0"1P*-"2/"1)1$*$2,%18#$P*)1'T(#'%)%#'(2* ;* ,2'$#":1,%6'*&#* X"#1$*0"31'1$P* -"#:#',%6'* ;*-"2(#,,%6':#,%'18P* ,2'$("0,,%6'* &#* 23"1$* ;* -"#$(1,%6'* &#* $#":%,%2$* -L38%,2$c* 1$Z,2)2*-"2)2:#"*;*/1"1'(%N1"* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#* 82$* ("131R1&2"#$*;* ,2T)0'%&1&#$*#'* 81*/#$(%6'*&#* 81$*#)-"#$1$*-L38%,1$*1* ("1:a$*&#* 82$*-"2T,#$2$*,2/#$(%2'1"%2$*;*10(2/#$(%2'1"%2$c*#* %)-08$1"* 81*,"#1,%6'*&#*#)T-"#$1$* ,2)0'18#$* ;*2("1$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*&#*31$#*&#8*-2&#"*-2-081"*2&#*-"2-%#&1&* $2,%18U* b"1'$>#"#',%1$* Y0#* $#* "#18%N1"X'* 1* ("1:a$*&#* ,2'T:#'%2$P*1(#'&%#'&2*1*82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#*%'(#"&#-#'&#',%1P*,22"&%'1,%6'P,22-#"1,%6'* ;* ,2""#$-2'$13%8%&1&P* &#>%'%a'&2$#* 82$* >1,(2"#$* ;* (a")%T'2$*&#* 81$* ("1'$>#"#',%1$U

Ulises Daal

138


139

V>>>E'-.$)5,40&+),(

Ulises Daal

140


141

7D93AB'A9C>:A="B8

%>&;=@C><&;7m&>7&+:7FC>@7*>0#*81*,2'$%/'1*&#*81$*>0#"N1$*"#:280,%2T'1"%1$*#'* 81*,1)-1\1*-1"1* 81$*#8#,,%2'#$*-1"81)#'(1"%1$*&#8*BA*&#*$#-T(%#)3"#*&#8*BCDCP*Y0#*,2)-"#'&Z1*#8*,2)-"2)%$2*&#*&#$1""2881"*81*,2'T,#-,%6'*&#8*[=@C><&*@59:>7D<6*,2)2*#8*@Y@68989<&<657?9Z7D<&D@>&D@6@8G<&7>7&9?9897B9A7&>@59:>7B9A7&;<;=>76P*&#*1,0#"&2*1*82*&%$-0#$(2*#'*82$*$%/0%#'T(#$*1"(Z,082$*&#*81*OKM+=*?C*[n.2'*)#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*;*-"2(1/2'%$)2&#8*-0#382*#'*#R#",%,%2*&#* $0* $23#"1'Z1=* uyw* %&." +$+/+&*+8&." %#(+.%&*+8&>/0$.*+*:/+0$&%" !" /0$.*+*:!#$*#" uywo]P* BDD* [E*7&+:7FC>@7&$789<?7>&<& >7:,<F9:9<?@:&[@6F7?@?B@:T&D=67?B@&@>&;6<8@D9F9@?B<&D@&D9:8=:9U?&O&7;6<SC789U?&D@&><:&;6<O@8B<:&D@&>@O@:T&8<?:=>B76J?&7&><:&<B6<:&U657?<:&D@>&%:B7SD<T&&"%0."/+:1&1&$0."!"/+:1&1&$&."!"&"%&".0/+#1&1"0)(&$+,&1&&;767&<H6&:=<;9?9U?&:<C6@&><:&F9:F<:K]*;*BCFU?*[n<1*%'%,%1(%:1*&#*81$*8#;#$*,2""#$-2'T&#=* nuyw*I* 82$* #8#,(2"#$* ;* #8#,(2"1$* #'*0'*'L)#"2*'2*)#'2"*&#8* ,#"2,2)1*0'2*-2"* ,%#'(2*&#* 82$* %'$,"%(2$* #* %'$,"%(1$* #'* #8* K#/%$("2*O%:%8* ;H8#,(2"18o]U

H8*-"%)#"*-1$2*-1"1*&#$1""2881"*81*,2',#-,%6'*&#8*!0#382*<#/%$81T&2"* $#* &%2* ,2'* 81* 1-"231,%6'P* #'* &%,%#)3"#* &#8*)%$)2*BCDCP* &#* 0'1"#>2")1*18*K#/81)#'(2*9'(#"%2"*;*&#*5#31(#$*&#*81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18P#$(138#,%a'&2$#* #'* #$1* 2-2"(0'%&1&P* #'("#* 2("1$*)2&%>%,1,%2'#$P* 81&#8*1"(Z,082*DB?=*n<1*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18*#$(%)081"X*81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*-2T-081"*,2'*#8*23R#(2*&#*,2'$28%&1"* 81*,2'&%,%6'*D@&;=@C><& >@59:>7D<6P*&#1,0#"&2*1*82*$%/0%#'(#=*uyw*BU*!"2)2:%#'&2*81*,2'$(%(0,%6'P*-2"*%'%,%1(%T:1*-2-081"P*&#* ><:&8<F9BP:&D@& >@59:>789U?*#'* 82$*$%$(#)1$*&#*1/"#/1,%6',2)0'18P* ,2)2* %'$(1',%1$* &#*76B98=>789U?& @?B6@& @>& [<D@6& [<;=>76& O& >7+:7FC>@7&$789<?7>P* -1"1* #8* >2"(18#,%)%#'(2* &#8* -1"81)#'(1"%$)2* $2T,%18* &#* ,188#* ;* #8* &#$1""2882* &#8* -0#382* 8#/%$81&2"UoDEG

DEG*71,#(1*e>%,%18*Jq*AUCDF*Hg("12"&Ur*B?TDBTBCDCU

Ulises Daal

142

5#*#$1*)1'#"1P* 81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18* (%#'#* 81*238%/1,%6'*&#*-"2T)2:#"* #'* 82$* ,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'18#$P* 81$* ,2)0'1$* ;* &#)X$* $%$(#)1$* &#1/"#/1,%6'* ,2)0'18P* 81* ,2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 82$* ,2)%(a$*&#* 8#/%$81,%6'*-1"1#$(138#,#"*0'1*"#81,%6'*2"/X'%,1*,2'*#8*-0#382*:#'#N281'2*;*18,1'N1"*0'&#$1""2882*)X$*1)-8%2*;*#>#,(%:2*&#* 81*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,%0&1&1'1*,28#,(%:1#'*#8*&#31(#P* >2")081,%6'*;*-"#$#'(1,%6'*&#*-"2;#,(2$*&#* 8#;P*1$Z* ,2)2#'*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*82$*-"2,#$2$*&#*,2'$08(1*-L38%,1*;*&#8*$#/0%)%#'(2*;,2'("28* $23"#*#8* ,0)-8%)%#'(2*&#* 81$* 8#;#$U


143

78B7>9"="':B->=Ae';B'C89@>=A>:@B

IQ*$%4*,6804*$1*$ &*$#%.(80#B"$/%$%.5"$8",%#"<$ &"$'#*'0%/"/$/%

&*.$8%/0*.$ /%$'#*/(4406,$ %,$8",*.$/%$ &"$ 4*8(,"?$'#*'0%/"/

.*40"&$ %,$/0.50,5".$ 4*8)0,"40*,%.HL

ID,"$4*8(,"$.0,$9K)#04"3$.0,$50%##".$'"#"$&"$.0%8)#"3$.0,$4*8%#2

40*$ .*40"&0.5"3$,*$ %.$ 4*8(,"HLVbT

>PQ47;47:=*R9GP*>RI1=F*S!T4J

!1"1*V1,#"*-2$%38#*81*$2,%#&1&*$2,%18%$(1*&#8*.%/82*dd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a'* ,2""#$-2'&#*1*#$1$* >2"T)1$*&#*7=B<5<C9@6?<&8<F=?7>SB@669B<697>* [1* (2&1* 81*,2)0'%&1&P*1* (2&181*,2)0'1P*1*(2&1*81*,%0&1&*,2)0'18]*;*'2*1*81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%18#$[$#,(2"%18#$]U

DFC****OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*%>&'<897>9:F<&D@>&:95><&MM0U*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*-1"181* O2)0'%,1,%6'* ;* 81* 9'>2")1,%6'U* O1"1,1$P* BCDDU* H'=V((-=rrxxxU)%', % U /23U:#rx-T,2'(#'(r0- 821&$r&2x'821&$rBCDErCDr"#>8#g%2'#$4&#84$%/824gg%,&xU-&>

Ulises Daal

144

.%* 81*-"2-%#&1&*&#* 82$*)#&%2$*&#*-"2&0,,%6'*,2)0'18* 8#*#$*#$(1T38#,%&1*1*81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%18#$*;*'2*1*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*#'*$0*(2(18%T&1&P*#882*$682*,2'&0,%"X*1*81*/#'#"1,%6'*&#*,L-081$*#'*,1&1*2"/1'%N1,%6'[56@F9<:]P*Y0#*(#")%'1"X'*,2)2*n#)-8#1&2"1$o*&#* 81*)1;2"Z1*&#* 82$* %'T(#/"1'(#$*&#*#$1$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$P* $23"#* 81$*,018#$P*1&#)X$P*#8*,28#,(%:2$2,%18*&#8*X)3%(2*/#2/"X>%,2*'2*(#'&"X*'%'/L'*-2&#"*[:<C@67?H7]P* 82*Y0#,2'&0,%"X*1* 81* "#-"2&0,,%6'*&#* 81$* >2")1$*&#*1-"2-%1,%6'*&#8*-"2&0,(2&#8*("131R2*&#*81*)1;2"Z1*-2"*-1"(#*&#*0'1*)%'2"Z1P*Y0#*$2'*81$*)%$)1$>2")1$*Y0#*&%#"2'*80/1"*1*81*#g-82(1,%6'*,0;1*,L$-%&#*&#*%'R0$(%,%1*#$*811'(%$2,%#&1&* ,1-%(18%$(1U


145

-B;<8='9A':9-<=8>:@B

H'*#8*+>U&[6@:9D@?B@&(@U698<&$q&b&&#8*DD*&#*R0'%2*&#*BCCGP*#8*O2)1'T&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#NP*1&:#"(Z1*^"#>%"%a'&2$#*18*-"2,#$2*&#*,2'>2")1,%6'&#* 81$* ,2)0'1$=* n,0%&1&2* ,2'*#8* $#,(1"%$)2oc* ;* #R#)-8%>%,131=* n.%* :%:#-2"*1VZ* u@?&=?7& 8<F=?9D7Dw* 18/0%#'*&#* 81*2-2$%,%6'P* 88X)#'82* (1)3%a'PY0#*:#'/1*1*("131R1"*;*$#"*L(%8*uywU*h$(#&#$*:#"X'*Y0#*,2'*81*-"1g%$*)0,V1/#'(#* $#* :1* ("1'$>2")1'&2oDFDU

<1*-"X,(%,1*&#8* $#,(1"%$)2*#'*#8*-"2,#$2*&#* ,2'>2")1,%6'*&#* 81$%'$(1',%1$* &#8* !2&#"*!2-081"P* $#1*Y0#*-"2:#'/1'*&#*)%8%(1'(#$* "#:280T,%2'1"%2$*V13%(1'(#$*&#*81$*,2)0'%&1&#$*&2'&#*$#*1:1'N1*#'*81*,2'$(%(0T,%6'*&#* 82$* ,2'$#R2$* ,2)0'18#$* ;* 81$* ,2)0'1$*2*&#* >0',%2'1"%2$*-L38%T,2$P* #g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

v0%#'*$%'*'%'/0'1* R0$(%>%,1,%6'* 8#/18*23$(1,08%,#*#8*-"2,#$2*&#*"#T/%$("2*&#*81$*%'$(1',%1$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*,2)0'%(1"%1*%',0""#*#'*#8*%""#$-#(2&#* 81* :280'(1&*-2-081"* [>7* :<C@67?H7]* #g-"#$1&1*-2"* 81*)1;2"Z1* &#* 81,2)0'%&1&*#'* 81*#8#,,%6'*&#* $0$*:2,#"2$*;* :2,#"1$* [I"($U*E* ;*p*OKM+P* ;(2&1$*81$*&%$-2$%,%2'#$*&#*81$*<#;#$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"]P*82*Y0#*'2*1)#"%(1

DFD***OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*+>UT&[6@:9D@?B@&(%#30,-&$q&bU*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"-1"1* 81*O2)0'%,1,%6'*;* 81* %'>2")1,%6'U*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU*-U*@U

Ulises Daal

146

)1;2"#$*#g-8%,1,%2'#$*-1"1*$#"*,2'&#'1&2*-2"*(2&2$*;*(2&1$*82$*Y0#*$#1$0)1'* "#:280,%2'1"%2$*2* "#:280,%2'1"%1$U

_*#$*0'1*#$(0-%&#N*-28Z(%,1P*-2"Y0#*1&#)X$*&#*,2'("1"%1"*0'2*&#82$*-"%',%-%2$*>0'&1)#'(18#$*&#*81*K#:280,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1=*@>&6@:;@B<&7&>7;>=67>9D7D&8<?:B9B=B9A7&D@&?=@:B67&:<89@D7D* [W0/2*OVX:#N*j"Z1$]P*-2"Y0##8*>0',%2'1"%2*Y0#*23$(1,08%,#*$%'*"1N6'*8#/18*#8*"#/%$("2*&#*0'1*%'$(1',%1&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*'2*#'(%#'&#*Y0#* 82*-"%)#"2*Y0#*#$(X'*V1,%#'&2* 81$-#"$2'1$*18*&#,%&%"*-1"(%,%-1"*#'* $0* ,2'>2")1,%6'*#$P*-"#,%$1)#'(#P* "#T,2'2,#"* 81*J0#:1* 9'$(%(0,%2'18%&1&*5#)2,"X(%,1* %)-08$1&1*-2"* 81*K#:2T80,%6'*M28%:1"%1'1P*;*18*(#'#"*Y0#*&1"$#*#$1*-1"(%,%-1,%6'*&#*)1'#"1*,2T8#,(%:1*#'*(2&2$*82$*-"2,#$2$*[-"2)2,%6'*;*,2'>2")1,%6'*&#*81*%'$(1',%1P>2")081,%6'P*#R#,0,%6'*;*,2'("28*&#*82$*-"2;#,(2$*,2)0'%(1"%2$]*2"%#'(1T&1*-2"*81*$28%&1"%&1&*;*81*-"##)%'#',%1*&#*82$*%'(#"#$#$*,28#,(%:2$*$23"#82$* %'(#"#$#$*-1"(%,081"#$P* 10'Y0#*#$1$*-#"$2'1$*'2* $#*1$0)1'*$2,%18%$T(1$*;*-2"*(1'(2*'2*-"2'0',%#'*D9:8=6:<:&'%*,2"##'*8<?:95?7:&6@A<>=89<?7S697:P*#'*82*,2',"#(2*#$(1"X'*8<?:B6=O@?D<&@>&:<897>9:F<P*;*#$2*^,2'*(2(18$#/0"%&1&^*$%#)-"#*$#"X*)X$*%)-2"(1'(#*-1"1*81*K#:280,%6'*Y0#*81*>0'T,%6'*&#*5=76D9J?&D@&V@*&#*,018Y0%#"* >0',%2'1"%2U

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y]*&#,%&#'*,2'>2")1"*$0*,2'$#R2*,2)0'18*,2'#8*>%'*=B9>9B769:B7*&#*-"#$#'(1"*1'(#*#8*/23%#"'2*328%:1"%1'2*0'*-"2;#,(2$23"#* 82* Y0#* ,2'$(%(0;#* 81* '#,#$%&1&* %')#&%1(1*&#* #$1* ,2)0'%&1&=* 81$0$(%(0,%6'*&#*82$*1$,#'$2"#$*&#*$0$*#&%>%,%2$c*;*,2'*#$#*-"2-6$%(2*#>#,T(%:1)#'(#*$#*,2'$(%(0;#'*#'*,2'$#R2*,2)0'18*;*-"#$#'(1'*#8*-"2;#,(2P#8*,018*#$*1-"231&2*-2"*#8*/23%#"'2*328%:1"%1'2c*$682*Y0#*&#3#'*#$-#T


147

"1"* 81*("1)%(1,%6'*&#*0'*,"a&%(2*1&%,%2'18*1'(#*#8*-1"81)#'(2*'1,%2'18P;1* Y0#* 82$* 1$,#'$2"#$* $#"X'* 1&Y0%"%&2$*&%"#,(1)#'(#*-2"* #8* /23%#"'2#'*#8* #g("1'R#"2*-1"1* 131"1(1"* 82$* ,2$(2$* ;* 82/"1"* 1&Y0%"%"* 81* ,1'(%&1&Y0#* "#$-2'&1* 1* (2&2$* 82$* -"2;#,(2$* ,2)0'%(1"%2$* 1-"231&2$* #'* #$(1)1(#"%1U*!0#$*3%#'P*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$*&#*#$1*,2)0'%&1&*Y0##8#,(2"18)#'(#*$%#)-"#*V1*"#$-18&1&2*1*82$*$#,(2"#$*,2'("1"%2$*18*-"2T,#$2* "#:280,%2'1"%2P* $#* &1"X'* ,0#'(1* 18*)2)#'(2* &#* ,2'$%&#"1"$#* 811-"231,%6'*&#8* ,"a&%(2* 1&%,%2'18* #'* 81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18P* Y0#* :=:& 6@S;6@:@?B7?B@:* &#>#'&#"X'* 82$* %'(#"#$#$* &#* 81$* #)-"#$1$* -"%:1&1$%)-2"(1&2"1$*&#*1$,#'$2"#$P*Y0#*$#*2-2'&"X'*18*,"a&%(2*1&%,%2'18*;P*#',2'$#,0#',%1P* Y0#* :2(1"X'* ,2'("1* $0*-"2;#,(2* ,2)0'%(1"%2U*v0%NX$*#'#$#*)2)#'(2*^$682*0'*Y0%NX$P* -#"2*Y0%NX$* 18* >%'^* 82$* ,%0&1&1'2$* ;,%0&1&1'1$*&#*#$1*,2)0'%&1&*&#'*/"1,%1$*1*5%2$*-2"Y0#*81*K#:280,%6'M28%:1"%1'1*,0#'(1*,2'*)1;2"Z1*#'*#8*!1"81)#'(2U

Ulises Daal

148


149

89"'"9'-B@98->B'ND:<B'M':D@>;>:<8B':B->=A>:<=

P"1$F(%$4#%"#$%&$ .0.5%8"$,(%+*3$'"#"$F(%$,*$,*.$ 5#"7(%$%&$ 4"02

8K,$/%&$>"'05"&0.8*H$ kfl$ ^(,5*$ 4*,$%&$Z*)0%#,*$:%+*&(40*,"#0*

1$ &".$4*8(,0/"/%.3$%&$4*,.%^*$4*8(,"&3$/%)%8*.$4#%"#$ &".$#%/%.

,(%+".$/%$/0.5#0)(406,HLVbS

>PQ47;47:=*R9GP*>RI1=F*S!T4J

j0#* $%#)-"#*#g%/#',%1*&#8*O2)1'&1'(#*W0/2*OVX:#N* 81* ,"#1,%6'&#*0'*$%$(#)1*&#*&%$("%30,%6'*1*("1:a$*&#8*,018*$#*,2)#",%18%N1"1'*(1'(2&#*82$*-"2&0,(2$*&#*81$*#)-"#$1$*-L38%,1$*;*82$*%)-2"(1&2$*-2"*#8*H$(1&2P,2)2*82$*&#*81$*#)-"#$1$*,2)0'18#$P*,2'*#8*>%'*&#*/1"1'(%N1"*81*&%$-2'%T3%8%&1&*&#* 18%)#'(2$*&#*)1'#"1*-#")1'#'(#P* $0>%,%#'(#P* ,2'(%'01* ;* 1-"#,%2$* R0$(2$*-1"1* 81*-2381,%6'*:#'#N281'1c*1$Z* ,2)2*-1"1*-"#:#'%"* $%T(01,%2'#$*,2)2*81$*&#8*$132(1R#*&#*81*28%/1"Y0Z1*,2'*#8*-1"2*-1("2'18*&#>%'18#$*&#8*BCCB*;*-"%',%-%2$*&#8*BCCEP*,2'*#8*Y0#*8#*'#/1"2'*#8*1,,#$2*182$*18%)#'(2$*1* 81*-2381,%6'U

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

DFB** *OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=&+>UT&[6@:9D@?B@&$r&eehU*O2)-8#R2*I/"2%'&0$("%18*nH8*.2)T3"#"2nU*S0'%,%-%2* `08%X'*S#881&2P* #$(1&2*70X"%,2=* C?TC@TBCCGU

Ulises Daal

150

H'* ,2""#$-2'&#',%1* ,2'* #$1* #g%/#',%1* &#8* O2)1'&1'(#*OVX:#NP#'*#8*O1-Z(082*+99*&#*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*.%$(#)1*H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18*$#&%$-0$2*81*,"#1,%6'*&#*81*!"0*0"*>,6".(',*835D,*U*J36'/'5D.,*J,(')&'5D)n%'(#/"1&1* -2"* 81$* 0'%&1&#$* &#* $0)%'%$("2* $2,%18%$(1* ;* &#)X$*)#&%2$&#*&%$("%30,%6'*;*131$(#,%)%#'(2*,2'*Y0#*,0#'(1*#8*H$(1&2*-1"1*(18*>%'o[I"(U*AG]P*-1"1*82*,018*nH8*!2&#"*HR#,0(%:2*J1,%2'18P*1*("1:a$*&#8*S%'%$(#T"%2* &#8* !2&#"* !2-081"* ,2'* ,2)-#(#',%1* #'*)1(#"%1* &#* ,2)#",%2P* -"2T)2:#"XP* >2)#'(1"X*;*#$(%)081"X*#8* %'(#",1)3%2*,2)#",%18*&#* 81$*2"/1T'%N1,%2'#$* $2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$* ;* 81* "#&* &#* ,2)#",%2* R0$(2* ;* $0)%'%$("2$2,%18%$(1o* [I"(U*?C]U

<2*%)-2"(1'(#*&#*#$(1*K#&*&#*O2)#",%2*`0$(2*;*.0)%'%$("2*.2,%1T8%$(1P* 1&#)X$*&#* /1"1'(%N1"$#* 1* ("1:a$*&#*#881* 81* &%$("%30,%6'* ;* ,2)#"T,%18%N1,%6'*&#* 81*-"2&0,,%6'*$2,%18*,2)0'18*[nH8*!2&#"*HR#,0(%:2*J1,%2T'18P*-2"* %'(#")#&%2*&#8*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*,2'*,2)-#(#',%1#'*)1(#"%1* &#* ,2)#",%2P* %)-8#)#'(1"X* 81$*)#&%&1$* '#,#$1"%1$* -1"1/1"1'(%N1"*#8*1,,#$2*&#*81$*2"/1'%N1,%2'#$*$2,%2-"2&0,(%:1$*&#8*$%$(#)1&#*#,2'2)Z1*,2)0'18*1* 81*"#&*&#*,2)#",%2* R0$(2*;*$0)%'%$("2*$2,%18%$T(1o=*I"(U*?D]P*#$*Y0#*&#*#$(138#,#"$#*#'*#881*(2&2$*82$*$%$(#)1$*&#*&%$("%T30,%6'*;*,2)#",%18%N1,%6'*Y0#*V1*,"#1&2*#8*H$(1&2*[-1"1*82*,018*$682*#$'#,#$1"%2*&%,(1"* #8* "#/81)#'(2* "#$-#,(%:2]* 82$*)%$)2$* $#*#')1",1"Z1'^,2)2* /1"1'(Z1* &#* -"2(#,,%6'* ;* &#>#'$1^*#'* 81$* &%$-2$%,%2'#$* &#8O1-Z(082* 9d=*"@& ><:&D@>9B<:& O& :7?89<?@:P* &#* 81* <#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8* .%$(#)1H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18=

+6BH8=><&sg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


151

+6BH8=><&st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ssL*<1$*-#"$2'1$*'1(0"18#$*2*81$*"#$-2'$138#$*&#*-#"$2'1$R0"Z&%,1$*Y0#P* ,2'R0'(1*2* $#-1"1&1)#'(#P* "#18%,#'*-"2-1/1'&1*2-038%,%&1&*$038%)%'18P* >18$1*2*#'/1\2$1*$23"#* 82$*3%#'#$P*$#":%,%2$;* $13#"#$*&#8* .%$(#)1*H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18* ;* $0$*)#&%2$*&#*-"2T&0,,%6'P* %'(#",1)3%2P*&%$("%30,%6'P* ,2)#",%18%N1,%6'*;* $0)%'%$("2P$#"X'*-#'1&2$*,2'*-"%$%6'*&#*&2$*1*,01("2*1\2$U

Ulises Daal

152


153

=<9;->?;'->D"="=;='7=8='cD9'A='9I>->9;->=;B':9=';B<>->=!

<1*1(#',%6'* ,%0&1&1'1*#$*0'2*&#* 82$* n)#&%2$*&#*-1"(%,%-1,%6'* ;-"2(1/2'%$)2*&#8*-0#382*#'*#R#",%,%2*&#* $0* $23#"1'Z1o*#$(138#,%&2$*#'#8*1"(Z,082*?C*&#*81*O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#*81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81[OKM+]P*-#"2* 81)#'(138#)#'(#*'2*V1* $%&2*&#$1""2881&2*&#*)1'#"1* ,2TV#"#'(#*;*0'%>2")#*#'* 81$* 8#;#$*,2'* 81$*Y0#*$#*V1* %'(#'(1&2*$0* "#18%N1T,%6'P*,2)2*81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81*O2'("182"Z1*7#'#"18*&#*81*K#-L38%,1*;*&#8.%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*O2'("28* j%$,18P* <#;*e"/X'%,1* ,2'("1* 81*O2""0-,%6'P<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#* 81*I&)%'%$("1,%6'*!L38%,1*;* <#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*.%)-8%>%,1T,%6'*&#*b"X)%(#$*I&)%'%$("1(%:2$P*#'*81$*,018#$*$#*1$2)1P*&#*>2")1*&a3%8;*,2'*&%>#"#'(#$*&#'2)%'1,%2'#$P*#8* $#'(%&2*&#*$0* >0',%6'=*,2'("%30%"*181*#>%,%#',%1*#'*#8*&#$1""2882*&#*81$*1,(%:%&1&#$*&#*81*/#$(%6'*-L38%,1*;*1*81-"#:#',%6'*&#*-"X,(%,1$*'2*a(%,1$*#'*$0* >0',%2'1)%#'(2U

v0%NX$*-2"*#$1*&%$-#"$%6'*&#'2)%'1(%:1*;*,2',#-(018P* 81*1(#',%6',%0&1&1'1*$#*V1*#'(#'&%&2*#* %'(#'(1&2*-2'#"*#'* >0',%2'1)%#'(2*1* ("1T:a$*&#*2>%,%'1$*&#'2)%'1&1$*&#*7B@?89U?&7>& 89=D7D7?<P* ,2'*0'1*:%$%6')X$* -"2-%1* &#8* X)3%(2* #)-"#$1"%18* -"%:1&2* Y0#* &#* 81* -1"(%,%-1,%6'-"2(1/6'%,1*-2-081"* 1* 81* Y0#* ,2""#$-2'&#P*-2"* 82*Y0#* $2'* ,2',#3%&1$,2)2*2>%,%'1$* n&#* 1(#',%6'* 18* ,8%#'(#oP* &#$(%'1&1$* 1* ,"#1"* ;*)1'(#'#"n0'1*30#'1*%)1/#'o*&#*81*#)-"#$1P*Y0#*#'*#8*,1$2*&#*81*1(#',%6'*,%0&1T&1'1P*$%*3%#'*81*,2""#,(1*-"#$(1,%6'*&#*$0$*$#":%,%2$*,2'88#:1*1*0'1*1-"#T,%1,%6'*-2$%(%:1*&#* 81* %'$(%(0,%6'P*'2*#$*$0*-"%',%-18*)2(%:1,%6'U

Q*******b#g(2*-038%,1&2*-2"*-"%)#"1*:#N*#8*BFTDCTBCDB=*xxxU1-2""#1U2"/r,2'("182"%1r1DpBGpFUV()8

Ulises Daal

154

<1$*2>%,%'1$*&#* 1(#',%6'* 18* ,%0&1&1'2P* 18* V13#"* $%&2* ,"#1&1$* $%'1(#'&#"*#8*#$-Z"%(0*&#*81*OKM+P*'2*18,1'N1'*1*,0)-8%"*$%Y0%#"1* 81*>0',%6'3X$%,1*&#*n1(#',%6'oP*-2"Y0#*$2'*#$(138#,%&1$*#'*#8*'%:#8*)X$*$032"&%'1T&2*&#8*2"/1'%/"1)1P*&#$(%'X'&2$#*1*#881$*1*82$*>0',%2'1"%2$*-1"1*82$*,01T8#$*81*%'$(%(0,%6'P*&#3%&2*1*$0*31R2*'%:#8*&#*-"#-1"1,%6'*2*)18*,2)-2"(1T)%#'(2P*'2*#',0#'("1*03%,1,%6'*#'*'%'/0'2*&#* $0$*2("2$* $#":%,%2$*;P*&##$1*)1'#"1P*("131R1"*#'*0'1*2>%,%'1*&#*1(#',%6'*18*,%0&1&1'2*#Y0%:18#P*182*%'(#"'2*&#*81*%'$(%(0,%6'P*1*0'*,1$(%/2*-1"1*#8*>0',%2'1"%2U

<1*"1N6'*&#*$#"*&#*81*1(#',%6'*,%0&1&1'1*$#*>0'&1*#'*0'1*"#18%&1&#'*81*Y0#*,2'>80;#'P*-2"*0'1*-1"(#P*#8*%'(#"a$*Y0#*-2$##'*82$*,%0&1&1'2$;*,%0&1&1'1$*#'*-"2,#$2*&#*("X)%(#$*;*-"2,#&%)%#'(2$*&#* 81$* %'$(%(0,%2T'#$c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a'* 8#*V1/1* $#/0%)%#'(2*1* $0$* $28%,%(0&#$P*-81'(#1)%#'(2$*;&#'0',%1$c* $#1*:%/%81'(#*&#*Y0#* 81$*&#-#'&#',%1$*&#* 81* %'$(%(0,%6'** "#$T-2'&1'*#'*82$*(a")%'2$*;*81-$2$*8#/18)#'(#*#$(138#,%&2$P*1$Z*,2)2*1-8%T,1'&2*82$*-"%',%-%2$*&#*R0$(%,%1*$2,%18*;*#Y0%&1&c*-"2)0#:1*81*#&0,1,%6',%0&1&1'1*;*81*2"/1'%N1,%6'*-2-081"c*,2'("%30;1*1*Y0#*82$*$#":%&2"#$*-LT38%,2$*;*$#":%&2"1$*-L38%,1$*,0)-81'*$0$*>0',%2'#$*&#*)1'#"1*"#$-2'$1T38#*;*a(%,1P*;*"%'&1*,0#'(1$*&#*$0*/#$(%6'*1*82$*,%0&1&1'2$*;*,%0&1&1'1$U*

5#*#$1*)1'#"1P*81*I(#',%6'*O%0&1&1'1*#$*0'*$#":%,%2*Y0#*&#3#*$#"2"/1'%N1&2*;*$2$(#'%&2*-2"*81*%'$(%(0,%6'P*1*81*,018*-#"(#'#,#'*82$*>0',%2T'1"%2$*Y0#*82*-"#$(1'P*-#"2*Y0#*,2'$(%(0;#*0'1*:2,#"Z1*&#*82$*,%0&1&1'2$;*,%0&1&1'1$*-1"1*81*&#>#'$1*&#*$0$*%'(#"#$#$*1'(#*1*81*%'$(%(0,%6'U

H8* "#,2"&1&2* ,2)-1("%2(1*O82&2$318&2*K0$$%X'P* #'* $0* ,2'&%,%6'&#*O2'("182"*7#'#"18*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1P* %'(#"-"#(1'&2*#8*:#"&1&#"2*$#'T(%&2*;*81*%)-2"(1',%1*&#8*$#":%,%2*&#*1(#',%6'*,%0&1&1'1P*&%,(6*81$*J2"T)1$*-1"1*j2)#'(1"*81*!1"(%,%-1,%6'*O%0&1&1'1*[7UeU*Jq*E@U?pC*r*BCTC@TBCC?]P* &2'&#* $#* 1,81"1* Y0#* 81$* n2>%,%'1$* &#* 1(#',%6'* 18* -L38%,2o* ;* 81$n2>%,%'1$*&#*1(#',%6'*,%0&1&1'1o*(#'&"X'*#8*)%$)2*$%/'%>%,1&2*[I"(U*B]P1$%/'X'&2$#8#*81$*>0',%2'#$*Y0#*1""%31*$#*V1'*%'&%,1&2*;P*1&#)X$P*Y0#=


155

n<1*e>%,%'1*&#*I(#',%6'*O%0&1&1'1*#$(1"X*1&$,"%(1*1* 81*)Xg%)1*10(2"%T&1&* R#"X"Y0%,1* &#8* "#$-#,(%:2* #'(#* 0* 2"/1'%$)2P* Y0%#'* 8#* 2(2"/1"X* 8110(2"%&1&*$0>%,%#'(#*-1"1*"#$28:#"*&#*>2")1*2-2"(0'1P*#>%,%#'(#*;*#>#,T(%:1*81*("1)%(1,%6'*&#*82$*"#Y0#"%)%#'(2$*&#*81*,%0&1&1'Z1o*[I"(U*DD]U*.%'#)31"/2P*10'*,01'&2*$#*&%$-2'#*Y0#*#8*X)3%(2*&#*1-8%,1,%6'*&#*#$(1$'2")1$* 131",1* 1* (2&2$* 82$* 6"/1'2$* ;* #'(#$* $0R#(2$* 18* ,2'("28* &#* 81O2'("182"Z1*7#'#"18*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*;*&#8*.%$(#)1*J1,%2'18*&#*O2'("28j%$,18P*1*#g,#-,%6'*&#* 81*-"2-%1*O2'("182"Z1* ['1,%2'18]*;*&#8*M1'1:%VDFEP'2*V1'*$%&2*1,1(1&1$U

IV2"1P*,01'&2*#8*O2)1'&1'(#*OVX:#N*V1*1$0)%&2*&#$&#*;1*81*#R#T,0,%6'*&#*$0*,2)-"2)%$2*#8#,(2"18*&#*$#"*)#R2"*-"#$%&#'(#*;*&%"%/%"*0')#R2"*/23%#"'2*-1"1*82/"1"P*)#&%1'(#*81*#&%>%,1,%6'*&#*81*$2,%#&1&*$2,%1T8%$(1P*#8*23R#(%:2*>0'&1)#'(18*&#*81*)1;2"*$0)1*&#*>#8%,%&1&*-2$%38#*-1"1#8* -0#382* :#'#N281'2P* 2"&#'1'&2*-2"* #882* n%',"#)#'(1"* 1* 81* #'a$%)1-2(#',%1* 81* #>%,%#',%1*&#* 81* /#$(%6'*#'* (2&2$* 82$* $#'(%&2$oP* ;* (2)1'&2,2)2*-"%)#"1*)#&%&1*#'*#$1*&%"#,,%6'* 81*&#*1$%/'1"8#*18*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8!2&#"*!2-081"*&#8*5#$-1,V2*&#* 81*!"#$%&#',%1* 81* >0',%6'*&#8*$#/0%)%#'T(2*;* ,2'("28*&#* 81*/#$(%6'*&#*/23%#"'2P* $#*:%$80)3"1*-"2-%,%1* 81*2,1$%6'-1"1*Y0#*#$#*&#$-1,V2* "#:%$#* 82$* %'$("0)#'(2$* 8#/18#$*#'* 82$* ,018#$* $##$(138#,#*81*1(#',%6'*,%0&1&1'1*;*^(2)1'&2*,2)2*31$#*81$*'2")1$*Y0#18* "#$-#,(2*&%,(6*#8*6"/1'2*&#* ,2'("28* >%$,18^*#$(0&%#* 81*-2$%3%8%&1&*&##8132"1"*0'*-"2;#,(2*&#* "#/81)#'(2* $23"#* 81*1(#',%6'* ,%0&1&1'1P*-1"1Y0#* $#1* $2)#(%&2*1* 81* ,2'$%&#"1,%6'*&#8*O2)1'&1'(#*!"#$%&#'(#U

.%* 81* %'$(1',%1*&#*1(#',%6'*,%0&1&1'1*$#*#$(138#,#*;*$#*,0)-8#*#'#8*$#'(%&2*Y0#*(%#'#*#'* 81*OKM+P*,2""#,(1)#'(#* %'(#"-"#(1&2*#'* 81$*'2"T)1$*&#*81*O2'("182"Z1*7#'#"18*&#*81*K#-L38%,1P*'2*#$(1"X*8#R2$*#8*(%#)-2Y0#*#'*+#'#N0#81P*1$Z*,2)2*;1*'2*#$*'2(%,%1*#8*#R#",%,%2*&#*82$*)Xg%)2$,1"/2$*#'*,018Y0%#"*X)3%(2*-2"*-1"(#*&#* 81$*)0R#"#$P* (1)-2,2* 82*$#1* 81#>%,%#',%1*#'* 81*/#$(%6'*&#*/23%#"'2P*-2"Y0#* $#* ("1(1"X*&#*0'1*'2")18%T&1&*,2)L'*#'*(2&1$*81$*%'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*H$(1&2U**

DFE*M1',2*J1,%2'18*&#*+%:%#'&1*;*WX3%(1(U

Ulises Daal

156


157

9cD>VB-=8;B:'<B"B:

I0'*,01'&2*18/0'2$*1>%")1'

Y0#*)0,V1$*:#,#$

81$*)1;2"Z1$*'2*(%#'#*"1N6'P

-"#>%#"2* 81*#Y0%:2,1,%6'*&#* (2&2$

1*81*&#*0'2*2*0'2$*-2,2$*#'*'2)3"#*&#*(2&2$U

I$ZP* $%* 81* "#18%&1&*'2$*$2"-"#'&#*#Y0%:2,1&2$

#'* 81* "#18%N1,%6'*&#*'0#$("2$*.0#\2$P

18*$#"*,2'*(2&2$*;*-2"*(2&2$P

#$*;1*0'*1,%#"(2U

[DGGF]

Ulises Daal

158


159

3>3A>BC8=IO=

f<+IKHi*KUP*+}ObeK=*"@>&%:B7D<&1=6<86JB98<&7>&%:B7D<&,<F=?7>L&O#'("2*9'(#"T'1,%2'18*S%"1'&1U*O1"1,1$P*BCDCU

MeKeJP*Ib9<9e*IU=*'<897>9:F<&:95><&MM0&!N7O&A9D7&D@:;=P:&D@>&?@<>9C@67>9:F<4S2'(#*f:%81*H&%(2"#$*<1(%'21)#"%,1'1P*OUIU*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU

MK9OHÇe*SzJ5HiP*SIJhH<=*%>&%:B7D<&,<F=?7>U*K#-2"(#*5#*O2;0'(0"1*5#*<1O2)%$%6'*!#")1'#'(#*5#*I)3%#'(#P* K#,0"$2$*J1(0"18#$* _*e"&#'1T,%6'*b#""%(2"%18*5#*<1*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18P*+28U*D?P*BCCGU

OI.bKeP*j95H<=**7&3@A<>=89U?&O& >7&8<?B6766@A<>=89U?&@?&@>&,G9>@&D@&+>>@?D@Le,#1'*.0"U*v0#"a(1"2P*BCCGU

OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*hffiT&7j<&D@&>7&3@A9:9U?T&3@8B9V98789U?&O&3@9F;=>:<&D@&>73@A<>=89U?&1<>9A7697?7L*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"*-1"1*81*O2)0'%T,1,%6'*;*81*9'>2")1,%6'U*O1"1,1$P*BCC@U

OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*+5@?D7&+>B@6?7B9A7&1<>9A7697?7U*S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"!2-081"*-1"1*81*O2)0'%,1,%6'*#*9'>2")1,%6'U*O1"1,1$P*BCC?U

OWf+Hi* jK}I.P*Wh7e=*+>U&[6@:9D@?B@&(@U698<&$q&bW& *7:& 8<F=?7:& O& ><:& 89?8<V6@?B@:&;767& >7& 8<?:B6=889U?&D@>& '<897>9:F<W&S%'%$(#"%2*&#8*!2&#"*!2T-081"*-1"1*81*O2)0'%,1,%6'*;*81*9'>2")1,%6'U*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU

OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*R<>;@&D@&B9FU?L*0&,<?:@Y<&D@&.9?9:B6<:&D@>&?=@A<&898><&D@>7&3@A<>=89U?&1<>9A7697?7L*,<66@<&D@>&-69?<8<TO28#,,%6'*O81:#$U*O1"1T,1$P*BCDBU

OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*[6<;=@:B7&D@>&,7?D9D7B<&D@&>7&[7B697&,<F7?D7?B@&N=5<,GJA@Z&;767& >7&R@:B9U?&1<>9A7697?7&'<897>9:B7&hfbeShfbcL* H&%,%6'*&#328$%882U* BCDBU

OK9I5e*5H*59H7eP*SIKOe.=*"@F<867897&O&D@6@8G<:&;76B989;7B9A<:W&@>@F@?B<:D@&6=;B=67&8<?&>7&D@F<867897&>9C@67>L&H'=&%:B=D9<:&:<C6@&>7&,<?:B9B=89U?D@&>7&3@;QC>987&1<>9A7697?7&D@&2@?@Z=@>7L&M&+?9A@6:769<L&!"2,0"1&0"Z17#'#"18*&#*81*K#-L38%,1U*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU

Ulises Daal

160

5H<7I5e*eOIJ5eP* Ù*SU=*[6<C>@F7:&D@&\9><:<VH7&D@>&"@6@8G<&O&D@>& %:B7D<LN9;UB@:9:&;767&=?7&\9><:<VH7&+?B9G@5@FU?987&D@>&"@6@8G<&O&D@>&%:B7D<U+1&#88*W#")1'2$*H&%(2"#$U*+18#',%1* [+#'#N0#81]P* BCCFU

H<`hK9P* H<}I.=* ,<?B6<>& :<897>L* 5%1"%2* ,<66@<& D@>& -69?<8<* [O1"1,1$]=BFUCBUBCDEU*-U*AU

7ISMeI*OfOHKH.P*bHKH.I=*$@8@:9D7D@:&O&D@6@8G<:&G=F7?<:T&6@A<>=89U?&O&:<S897>9:F<L&H'=&*<:&D@6@8G<:&G=F7?<:&D@:D@&@>&@?V<I=@&86HB98<W&6@V>@X9<S?@:& ;767& @>& 7C<6D7Y@& D@& >7& 6@7>9D7D& A@?@Z<>7?7& O& >7B9?<7F@6987?7L5#>#'$2"Z1*&#8*!0#382Tj0'&1,%6'* `01'*+%:#$*.0"%XU*O1"1,1$P*BCDDU

7hiSfJ*Ke5K}7hHiP*è.z=&\@D@67>9:F<&@?&>7&F<D@6?9Z789U?&O&V<6B7>@89F9@?B<D@& ><:&5<C9@6?<:&F=?989;7>@:U* 9'$(%(0(2*&#*I&)%'%$("1,%6'*!L38%,1*&#8H$(1&2*&#*v0#"a(1"2P*IUOU*v0#"a(1"2P*DGG?U

WH<<HKP*WHKSIJJ=*(@<6H7&D@>&%:B7D<L*j2'&2*&#*O08(0"1*H,2'6)%,1U*Sag%,2PDG??U

WHKKHKIP*OIK<e.*S97hH<=*"@6@8G<&O& :<897>9:F<&@?&@>&;@?:7F9@?B<& Y=6HD98<Lh'%:#"$%&1&*Hg(#"'1&2*&#*O282)3%1U*M2/2(XP*BCCBU

<IKIP*m9<<9IJ=*"9:8=6:<:&0?:=65@?B@:U*j2'&2*H&%(2"%18*m%88%1'*<1"1U*O1"1,1$PBCDBU

SeJHKHe*!zKHiP*è.z*<h9.=**7&D@V@?:7&D@>&%:B7D<&'<897>&D@&"@6@8G<L&*7&B@<6H7;<>HB987&D@&N@6F7??&N@>>@6L*H&%,%2'#$*&#*9'(#":#',%6'*O08(0"18rH8*+%#TR2*b2-2U*H$-1\1P*BCCGU

JÉÇHi*SeK<H.P*Of.beK=*$=@A7&>@59:>789U?&A@?@Z<>7?7&:<C6@&@>&[<D@6&[<;=>76UH&%,%2'#$* 9'(#",1)3%2*O2)0'%(1"%2P*OUIU*O2"2P*BCDDU

!I<IO9e.* KeSHeP* jKIJO9.Oe=* ^=9@C67& D@>& %:B7D<& *9C@67>S+>@7B<69<T8<?:B9B=89<?7>9Z789U?&F7B@697>&D@>&%:B7D<&'<897>&O&7;@6B=67&D@&=?&?=@SA<&:9:B@F7&8<F=?9B769<U*H'=*%:B=D9<:&:<C6@&>7&,<?:B9B=89U?&D@&>7&3@;QSC>987&1<>9A7697?7&D@&2@?@Z=@>7L&M&+?9A@6:769<L*!"2,0"1&0"Z1*7#'#"18*&#81*K#-L38%,1U*O1"1,1$P*BCCGU

!IKb95e*.eO9I<9.bI*hJ95e*5H*+HJHihH<I*[!.h+]=**9C6<&3<Y<L&"<8=F@?B<:&V=?D7SF@?B7>@:U*O1"1,1$P*BCDCU

KH7I<I5eP*KeMHKbe=*"@&.76XT&%?5@>:&O&*@?9?&7&,GJA@ZT&%A<&O&,<66@7L&3@V<6F7O&6@A<>=89U?&@?B6@&9F759?769<&O&6@7>9D7DL*H'=*+FP6987&*7B9?7&N<O&!6@SV<6F7&<&6@A<>=89U?4*e,#1'*.0"U*v0#"a(1"2P*BCCGU


161

"B-D@9;<B:' A9C=A9:

O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*M28%:1"%1'1*&#*+#'#N0#81* [DGGG]U

O2'$(%(0,%6'*&#* 81*K#-L38%,1*&#*+#'#N0#81* [DGGD]U

5#,"#(2*Jq*DUAAA*$23"#*#8*!"2,#$2*&#*K#/081"%N1,%6'*&#*81*b#'#',%1*&#*81b%#""1*#'* 82$*I$#'(1)%#'(2$*h"31'2$*!2-081"#$U

<#;*&#* 9'$(%(0,%2'#$*&#8*.#,(2"*M1',1"%2U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*O2'("182"Z1*.2,%18U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*5#$,#'("18%N1,%6'P*5#8%)%(1,%6'*;*b"1'$>#"#',%1*&#*O2)T-#(#',%1$*&#8* .#,(2"*!L38%,2U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*-1"1* 81*7#$(%6'*O2)0'%(1"%1*&#*O2)-#(#',%1$P* .#":%,%2$* ;2("1$*I("%30,%2'#$U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81*j0#"N1*I")1&1*J1,%2'18*M28%:1"%1'1U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81*`0"%$&%,,%6'*H$-#,%18*&#*81*`0$(%,%1*&#*!1N*O2)0'18U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*81$*O2)0'1$U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#* 82$*O2'$#R2$*O2)0'18#$U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#*!81'%>%,1,%6'*!L38%,1*;*!2-081"U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081"U

<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*.%$(#)1*H,2'6)%,2*O2)0'18U

K#/81)#'(2*&#* 81*<#;*e"/X'%,1*&#8*O2'$#R2*j#&#"18*&#*723%#"'2U

K#/81)#'(2* 9'(#"%2"*;*&#*5#31(#$*&#* 81*I$1)38#1*J1,%2'18U

Ulises Daal

162

"B-D@9;<B:'9;'AO;9=

I<I_{J* SeJ.HKKIbP* KhMzJ=* ,<F=?7& O& [<D@6& [<;=>76W& V((-=rrxxxU-28%#(%,1U,2)U:#r-28%#(%,1Ar,2)0'1U-&>

MKHmHK*OIK}I.P*I<<IJ=*%>&\@D@67>9:F<&@?&>7&G9:B<697&;<>HB987&A@?@Z<>7?7W&V((-=rrxxxU$13#"U081U:#r3%($("#1)rDBEFpA?@GrBEEFArDr1"(%,082AU-&>

OWf+Hi* jK}I.P*Wh7e=& %>& '<897>9:F<&D@>& :95><&MM0W&V((-=rrxxxU)%',%U/23U:#rx - T , 2 ' ( # ' ( r 0 - 8 2 1 & $ r & 2 x ' 8 2 1 & $ r B C D E r C D r"#>8#g%2'#$4&#84$%/824gg%,&xU-&>

OWf+Hi*jK}I.P*Wh7e=*\<6<&'<897>&.=?D97>W&%>&'=6T&$<6B@&D@&?=@:B6<:&;=@C><:WV ( ( - = r r x x xU > 2 " 0 ) $ 2 , % 1 8 ) 0 ' & % 1 8 U 2 " / U 3 " r & 2 x ' 8 2 1 & rOV1:#N4$-##,V41(4!2"(24I8#/"#U-&>

O2'$(%(0,%6'*J1,%2'18* &#* 81* K#-L38%,1* &#*+#'#N0#81* &#* DGAD=* V((-=rrxxxU($RU/2:U:#r8#/%$81,%2'r,2'$(%(0,%2'DGADU-&>

H8* H$(1&2* .2,%18* &#*5#"#,V2=* V((-=rr3%38%2UR0"%&%,1$U0'1)U)gr8%3"2$rBrGGFr?U-&>

723%#"'2* ,0)-8%6* )#(1* &#* #'("#/1* &#* ,1$1$* #'* BCDB=* V((-=rrxxxU)%',%U/23U:#rBCDBrDBr/23%#"'2T,0)-8%2T)#(1T&#T#'("#/1T&#T,1T$1$T#'T*BCDBr

WHKSIJJ*WH<<HK* _* H<* H.bI5e*OeJbHS!eKfJHe=*"<:& 8<?V@6@?897:&D@&,G69:B<;G._>>@6W&V((-=rrxxxU)1",VU#$rK#,0"$2$4m#3rO08(0"18#$r52,0)#'(2$r,2'>#"#',%1$rK#$0)#'#$M9jrFBAU-&>

SIK9fbH7h9P* `e.z* OIK<e.=* *7& ;<>HB987& :<897>9:B7& 9B7>97?7=* V((-=rxxxU-1("%1"2R21U2"/U-#r&2,$1&%,(r23"1$)1"%1(#/0%r<1r#$,#'1r,2'(#)-2"1'#1r-1/%'1$r81r-28%(%,1r$2,%18%$(1UV()


163

SH.I*5H*<I*hJ95I5*5HSeOKfb9OI=**9?@7F9@?B<:&;767&@>&;6<567F7&D@&5<C9@6?<D@& =?9D7D& ?789<?7>& hfbeShfbc=* * V((-=rr%)/BU'2(%,%1$BFU,2)rDBCDrD8%'#1)%#'(2$BCDBU-&>

KeOI* `h.SHbP* <h9.=*3@:@j7&D@& E*7& 869:9:& D@& >7& :<897>D@F<867897& @=6<;@7L%D=76D&1@6?:B@9?& O& >7:&;6@F9:7:&D@>& :<897>9:F<& 6@V<6F9:B7K&D@& ]<:P& *=9:.<?@6@<W&V((-=rrxxxU"#3#8%2'U2"/r'2(%,%1U-V-l%&|DpC@DC

.I<I*OeJ.b9bhO9eJI<*5H<*bK9MhJI<*.h!KHSe*5H*`h.b9O9I=*.#'(#',%1*Jq*DUEAE*&#8*BCTC?TBCCF=* V((-=rrxxxU($RU/2:U:#r&#,%$%2'#$r$,2'r`08%2rDEAETBCC?CFTCBTD@E?ÄBCUV()

Ulises Daal

164


165

O$%12&'f&$&5,+

!KH.HJbIO9{J UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU GI*SIJHKI*5H*!K{<e7e UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DD9JbKe5hOO9{J UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU Dp9U*H8*>%'*$0-"#)2 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU BpDU*KHjhJ5IO9{J*5H*<I*KH!ÉM<9OI UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU B?DUDU*OIKfObHK*bKIJ.jeKSI5eK*5H*<I*OeJ.b9bhO9{J UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU ECDUBU*<H_H.*!IKI*H<*H`HKO9O9e*59KHObe*5H*<I*.eMHKIJ}I UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU ED99U*H$(1&2*5#)2,"X(%,2*;*.2,%18*&#*5#"#,V2*;*&#*`0$(%,%1 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU EpBU*H.bI5e*.eO9I<*5H*5HKHOWe=*9J.bKhSHJbe*!IKI*<I*bKIJ.9O9{J*WIO9I*H<*.eO9I<9.Se UUUU E?BUDU*.eO9I<9.Se=*!KejhJ59iIO9{J*5H*<I*5HSeOKIO9I UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU EGBUBU*.h!HKIO9{J*5H<*Se5H<e*5H<*H.bI5e*.eO9I<*HhKe!He UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU FBBUEU*kKHjeKSI*e*KH+e<hO9{Jl UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU FF999U*S2&#82* j#&#"18*5#$,#'("18%N1&2 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU pEEU**Se5H<e*jH5HKI<*Oee!HKIb9+e UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU ppEUDU*jH5HKIO9{J*I*<I*+HJHie<IJI UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU pAEUBU*HJ*_*I*!IKb9K*5H*<I*OeShJ95I5 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU p@EUEU*.9.bHSI*JIO9eJI<*5H*!<IJ9j9OIO9{J UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU ADEUFU*5H.OHJbKI<9iIO9{J UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU AAEUFUDU*5H.OHJbKI<9iIO9{J*!hJbej9`9.bI UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU AAEUFUBU*5H.OHJbKI<9iIO9{J*Me<9+IK9IJI UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU AGEUFUEU*<I.*OeShJ95I5H.*+HJHie<IJI.*HJ*<I*KH+e<hO9{J*Me<9+IK9IJI UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU ?B9+U*<1*O2)0'%&1&*#'*81*OKM+UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU ?pFU*<I*OeShJ95I5=*Hd!KH.9{J*eK7IJ9iIb9+I*!IKI*<I**!IKb9O9!IO9{J*O9h5I5IJI UUUUUUUUUUUUUU ??FUDU*<I*!IKb9O9!IO9{J*O9h5I5IJI*HJ*<I.*OeJ.b9bhO9eJH.*5H*DGAD*_*DGGG UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU @CFUBU*<I*OeShJI=*HJb95I5*<eOI<*!IKI*<I*OeJ.bKhOO9{J*5H<*.eO9I<9.Se UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU @BFUEU*9J9O9Ib9+I*!e!h<IK UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU @FFUFU*KH79.bKe*5H*<I.*9J.bIJO9I.*5H<*!e5HK*!e!h<IK*_*OeKKH.!eJ5HJO9I*5H*.h.*!<IJH.*********OeJ*H<*!5H.J UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU @@FUFUDU*KH79.bKe*5H*<I.*9J.bIJO9I.*5H<*!e5HK*!e!h<IK UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU @@

Ulises Daal

166

FUFUBU*jeKSh<IO9{J*5H*!<IJH.*OeShJI<H.*HJ*OeKKH.!eJ5HJO9I*OeJ*H<*!<IJ************5H*5H.IKKe<<e*HOeJ{S9Oe*_*.eO9I<*5H*<I*JIO9{J UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU @G+U*f)3%(2$*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081" UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU GEpU*fSM9be.*5H<*!e5HK*!e!h<IK UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU GppUDU*!<IJ9j9OIO9{J*5H*!e<}b9OI.*!ÉM<9OI. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU GApUBU*HOeJeS}I*OeShJI< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU GApUEU*OeJbKI<eK}I*.eO9I< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU GGpUFU*eK5HJIO9{J*bHKK9beK9I< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DCDpUpU*̀ h.b9O9I*OeShJI< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DCB+9U*H$(1&2*O2)0'18 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DC?AU*H.bI5e*OeShJI<=**eK7IJ9iIO9{J*!e<}b9OeT.eO9I<*!IKI*<I*KHI<9iIO9{J*5H<*H.bI5e

5HSeOKfb9Oe*_*.eO9I<*5H*5HKHOWe*_*5H*`h.b9O9I UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DCGAUDU*.eMHKIJ}I=*+e<hJbI5*5H*<e.*O9h5I5IJe.*_*O9h5I5IJI. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DDDAUBU*hJ95I5*O}+9OeTS9<9bIK UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DDEAUEU*<H_H.*5H<*!e5HK*!e!h<IK=*!KeOH.e*5H*OeJ.h<bI*!ÉM<9OI*_*!Ke_HObe*5H*KHjeKSI

OeJ.b9bhO9eJI< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DDFAUEUDU*!KeOH.e*5H*OeJ.h<bI*!ÉM<9OI UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DDFAUEUBU**!Ke_HObe*5H*KHjeKSI*OeJ.b9bhO9eJI< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DDA+99=*I"Y0%(#,(0"1* R0"Z&%,1*&#8*!2&#"*!2-081" UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DDG?U*<H_H.*5H<*!e5HK*!e!h<IK=*IKvh9bHObhKI*̀ hK}59OI*!IKI*<I*H59j9OIO9{J*5H<*H.bI5e

OeShJI< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DBD?UDU*5Hj9J9O9eJH. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DBD?UBU*<H_H.*5H<*!e5HK*!e!h<IK UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DB@?UBUDU*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*5H<*!e5HK*!e!h<IK UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DB@?UBUBU*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*5H*<e.*OeJ.H`e.*OeShJI<H. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DBG?UBUEU*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*5H*<I.*OeShJI. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DBG?UBUFU*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*5H*!<IJ9j9OIO9{J*!ÉM<9OI*_*!e!h<IK UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DED?UBUpU*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*5H<*OeJ.H`e*jH5HKI<*5H*7eM9HKJe UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DEB?UBUAU*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*5H<*.9.bHSI*HOeJ{S9Oe*OeShJI< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DEE?UBU?U*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*5H*OeJbKI<eK}I*.eO9I< UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DEF?UBU@U*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*5H*<I*̀ hK9.59OO9{J*H.!HO9I<*5H*̀ h.b9O9I*5H*!Ii*OeShJI< UUUUUUUUUU DEp?UBUGU*<H_*eK7fJ9OI*!IKI*<I*7H.b9{J*OeShJ9bIK9I*5H*OeS!HbHJO9I.P*.HK+9O9e.*************_*ebKI.*IbK9MhO9eJH. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DEA+999U* O2'("1:0#8(1$ UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DEG!hHM<e*<H79.<I5eK UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DFD!Ke!9H5I5*.eO9I<P*Je*7KHS9I<9.Se UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DFEOeJbKI*H<*.HObIK9.Se UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DFp


167

KH5*5H*OeSHKO9e*`h.be*_*.hS9J9.bKe*.eO9I<9.bI UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DFGIbHJO9{J*O9h5I5IJI*!IKI*vhH*<I*Hj9O9HJO9I*Je*.HI*Jeb9O9I UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DpEHvh9+eOIKJe.*be5e. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU Dp?M%38%2/"1>Z1 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU DpG

Ulises Daal

168

Y8'#%.*$%,$ &*.$c"&&%#%.$Z#K904*.

/%$ &"$A."8)&%"$M"40*,"&

>"#"4".3$8"1*$/%$STV]

Daal ulises donde esta la comuna en la constitucion bolivariana(3)

Documents

Transcript of Daal ulises donde esta la comuna en la constitucion bolivariana(3)