D5.2 Field Trial Equipment Installation and Power...

SUNSEED, Grant agreement No. 619437 of 113

D5.2

Field Trial Equipment Installation

and Power System Performance

Measurement Data Review and

Evaluation Report

Deliverable demonstrator


NOTICE

The research leading to the results presented in the document has received funding from the European Community's 7th Framework Programme under the Grant Agreement number 619437.

The content of this document reflects only the authors’ views. The European Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained herein.

The contents of this document are the copyright of the SUNSEED consortium.


Document Information

1

PU Public

RP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)

RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services)

CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services)

Call identifier FP7-ICT-2013-11

Project acronym SUNSEED

Project full title Sustainable and robust networking for smart electricity distribution

Grant agreement number 619437

Deliverable number D5.2

WP / Task WP5 / T5.2

Type (distribution level)1 PU

Due date of deliverable 31.10.2016 (Month 33)

Date of delivery 02.06.2013

Status, Version 2nd Update, V1.3

Number of pages 113 pages

Responsible person, Affiliation Jurij Jurše, EP

Authors Luka Premelč, TS

Milovan Stropnik, TS

Rudolf Sušnik, TS

Žiga Hribar, ES

Jurij Jurše, Igor Kniewald, Boštjan Pičulin, EP

Reviewers Silviu Nistor, TREL

Casper van den Broek, TNO


Revision history

Version Date Author(s) Notes Status

1.3 02.06.2017 Jurij Jurše, EP Update version, final installation state 2nd Update

1.2 23.05.2016 Jurij Jurše, EP Field trial updates 1st Update

1.1 29.12.2016 Jurij Jurše, EP Minor changes regarding reviewers remarks, field trial last updates

Final

1.0 6.12.2016 Jurij Jurše, EP Editing, review version Reviev

0.8 5.12.2016 Jurij Jurše, EP Introduction, Conclusions Draft

0.7 2.12.2016 Milovan Stropnik, EP Chapter 5 Draft

0.6 1.12.2016 Jurij Jurše, EP Chapter 2, other locations Draft

0.5 10.11.2016 Luka Premelč, TS Chapter 4, Field Kromberk, Kneža Draft

0.4 08.11.2016 Rudolf Sušnik, TS Chapter 4, Field Kneža Draft

0.3 05.11.2016 Žiga Hribar, ES Chapter 3 Draft

0.2 26.10.2016 Jurij Jurše, EP Chapter 2, Field Kromberk Draft

0.1 6.9.2016 Jurij Jurše, EP ToC Draft


Table of Contents Document Information .......................................................................................................................3

List of Figures ......................................................................................................................................7

List of Tables ..................................................................................................................................... 10

Abbreviations and acronyms ............................................................................................................. 11

SUNSEED project............................................................................................................................... 13

Executive Summary........................................................................................................................... 15

1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 17

2 Field trial setup report............................................................................................................... 18

2.1 Communication scenarios for WAMS devices and smart meters ........................................ 18

2.2 Field trial installed equipment ........................................................................................... 21

2.3 Location Kromberk ............................................................................................................ 24

2.3.1 MSS Gorica installation data ...................................................................................... 26

2.3.2 TS Pikoloud installation data ...................................................................................... 28

2.3.3 TS A+A installation data ............................................................................................. 30

2.3.4 TS Jogi installation data .............................................................................................. 32

2.3.5 TS Meblo Jogi installation data ................................................................................... 34

2.3.6 TS Površinska installation data ................................................................................... 36

2.3.7 TS Kotlarna installation data ...................................................................................... 38

2.3.8 TS Primarna installation data ..................................................................................... 40

2.3.9 TS FVE Ilmest installation data ................................................................................... 41

2.3.10 TS Meblo installation data .......................................................................................... 43

2.3.11 Installation summary in location Kromberk ................................................................ 45

2.4 Location Razdrto................................................................................................................ 45

2.4.1 TS KZ Razdrto installation data ................................................................................... 47

2.4.1 TS Laže installation data ............................................................................................. 61

2.4.1 TS Tri Hiše installation data ........................................................................................ 63

2.4.1 Installation summary in location Razdrto ................................................................... 67

2.5 Location Bonifika ............................................................................................................... 68

2.6 Location Keneža ................................................................................................................ 74

2.6.1 TS Sela nad Podmelcem installation data ................................................................... 76

2.6.2 TS Knežke Ravne vas installation data ........................................................................ 79

2.6.3 Installation summary in location Kromberk ................................................................ 81

3 Smart meter connection report ................................................................................................. 83

3.1 PLC communications robustness field measurements ........................................................ 83

3.2 Field disturbances detection process ................................................................................. 85

3.2.1 Prior preparation – Disturbances elimination application form .................................. 85


3.2.2 Disturbances location method ................................................................................... 85

3.2.3 Problem solving ......................................................................................................... 87

3.3 Devices manufacturing and testing .................................................................................... 88

3.4 Polygon testing – comparison between S-FSK and 3G communications .............................. 90

4 Communication network and data management report ............................................................ 91

4.1 Field Kromberk .................................................................................................................. 91

4.2 Field Kneža ........................................................................................................................ 93

4.2.1 Sela nad Podmelcem .................................................................................................. 94

4.2.2 Knežke Ravne ............................................................................................................. 95

5 Data visualization and exchange portal (GIS) ........................................................................... 102

5.1 The role of the GIS in Sunseed project ............................................................................. 102

5.2 Implemented spatial data layers ...................................................................................... 102

5.2.1 Graphical data presentation ..................................................................................... 104

5.3 Textual data presentation ................................................................................................ 107

6 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 111


List of Figures

Figure 1: Communication scenarios A1 and A2: WAMS – mobile (LTE – A1, UMTS – A2) modem/router .................................................................................................................................. 19

Figure 2: Communication scenario A3: WAMS – xDSL or FTTH modem/router .................................. 19

Figure 3: Communication scenario B: WAMS – satellite modem/router ............................................ 20

Figure 4: Communication scenario C: SM – DC – mobile (LTE – A1, UMTS – A2) modem/router ........ 20

Figure 5: Communication scenario D: cellular modem/router – smart meter .................................... 21

Figure 6: Teltronika RUT950 modem/router ...................................................................................... 21

Figure 7: Inhand IR915P modem/router ............................................................................................ 22

Figure 8: Cisco CGR1120/K9S modem/router .................................................................................... 22

Figure 9: RM 4100 Satellite Modem .................................................................................................. 22

Figure 10: Trimble Bullet™ GPS antenna ........................................................................................... 23

Figure 11: LTE/UMTS directional antenna, WMM-7-27-5SP ............................................................... 23

Figure 12: basic stainless LV delivery power box with separate measurement part ........................... 24

Figure 13: Field trial location Kromberk – graphic presentation of power network testbed. .............. 25

Figure 14: PVC box with voltage inputs signals and communication equipment. ............................... 27


Figure 16: Connected PLC data concentrator (via Ethernet)............................................................... 29

Figure 17: GPS antenna for synchronisation ...................................................................................... 29






Figure 23: PVC box with voltage inputs signals and communication equipment (Cisco modem/router). ......................................................................................................................................................... 39





Figure 28: State of WAMS SPM ( ) and SM ( )running at filed trial location Kromberk on 30.11.2016........................................................................................................................................ 45

Figure 29: Field trial location Razdrto – graphic presentation of power network testbed. .................. 46

Figure 30: State of SM ( )running at filed trial location Razdrto on 30.11.2016. ........................... 67


Figure 31: Field trial location Bonifika – graphic presentation of power network testbed. ................. 68

Figure 32: Field trial location Kneža – graphic presentation of power network testbed. .................... 75

Figure 33: New stainless delivery box with phase voltage inputs signals. ........................................... 78

Figure 34: Measurements part in delivery box for communication equipment, WAMS SPM and data concentrator. .................................................................................................................................... 78

Figure 35: Measurements part in delivery stainless box for communication equipment, WAMS SPM and data concentrator. ..................................................................................................................... 80

Figure 36: Satellite antenna for communications .............................................................................. 80


Figure 38: State of WAMS ( ) running at filed trial location Kneža on 30.11.2016. ....................... 82

Figure 39: Samples of devices, which caused disturbances in communication network? ................... 84

Figure 40: PLC communication signal physically level? ...................................................................... 84

Figure 41: Cleaning the PLC communication with localisation of disturbances ................................... 85

Figure 42: Localisation of disturbances on residential area with current clamp ................................. 86

Figure 43: Disturbance elimination with power net filters and repairing equipment that generate disturbances ..................................................................................................................................... 86

Figure 44: Permissible environmental disturbances level on LV ......................................................... 88

Figure 45: Real network useful signal level measurements ................................................................ 88

Figure 46: Assembling the LISN devices for measurements high frequency disturbances on the power net .................................................................................................................................................... 89

Figure 47: Field measurements according SIST EN 50065-1 ............................................................... 89

Figure 48: Measurement results of PLC S-FSK signal on the power net .............................................. 90

Figure 49: Communication topology using LTE network .................................................................... 91

Figure 50: Nagios status graph for all SUNSEED routers ..................................................................... 92

Figure 51: Nagios RTT graph for router TEL-KROPRIMA on location Primarna in Kromberk ................ 92

Figure 52: Communication topology using Elektro Primorske network .............................................. 93

Figure 53: Communication topology using LTE network .................................................................... 94

Figure 54: Nagios status graph for router in Sela nad Podmelcem ..................................................... 95

Figure 55: Nagios RTT graph for router TEL-TOSELPOD on location Sela nad Podmelcem .................. 95

Figure 56: View towards south, ie. direction in which satellite antenna is positioned to. ................... 96

Figure 57: Mounting satellite antenna dish on the medium-voltage pole. ......................................... 97

Figure 58: Fine pointing antenna dish tool within modem’s GUI. ....................................................... 97

Figure 59: Communication and measurement equipment placed inside the power delivery box. ...... 98

Figure 60: SNR graph in OSS system (downstream and upstream SNR) – observation period is 1 week. ......................................................................................................................................................... 99

Figure 61: State of connection graph in OSS system (online or offline) – observation period is 1 month. .............................................................................................................................................. 99


Figure 62: Traffic graph in OSS system – observation period is 2 days. ............................................ 100

Figure 63: Communication topology in case of Kneške Ravne. ......................................................... 101

Figure 64: Kromberk field trial location with EP Electrical power lines and Distributed generation infrastructure layers ....................................................................................................................... 104

Figure 65: Kromberk field trial location with implemented WAMS locations, denoted with symbols of all possible monitoring dynamic data categories ............................................................................. 105

Figure 66: symbols of all dynamic data categories ........................................................................... 105

Figure 67: monitoring dynamic data category WAMS Energy with warning levels ........................... 106

Figure 68: Kromberk field trial location with implemented WAMS locations, denoted with symbols of all possible monitoring data categories and three warning levels .................................................... 106

Figure 69: symbols of all dynamic data categories and all levels of warning ..................................... 107

Figure 70: Info window with the name of the layer WAMS Energy .................................................. 107

Figure 71: Info window with the WAMS SPM data .......................................................................... 108

Figure 72: Kromberk field trial location with Smart meter voltage monitoring layer ........................ 108

Figure 73: Smart meter symbol with warning level colours .............................................................. 109

Figure 74: Info window with the name of the layer Smart meter voltage ........................................ 109

Figure 75: Info window with the Smart meter 17533 Avtocenter ABC Kromberk parameters .......... 110


List of Tables

Table 1: Summary of functional locations in Kromberk with basic installation data. .......................... 25

Table 2: Summary of functional locations in Razdrto with basic installation data. .............................. 46

Table 3: Summary of functional locations in Bonifika with basic installation data. ............................. 69

Table 4: Summary of functional locations in Kneža with basic installation data. ................................ 75

Table 5: Permissible level of useful signal for dedicated communication on LV.................................. 87

Table 6: Summary of functional locations in all field trial locations with basic installation data. ...... 113


Abbreviations and acronyms

dB Decibel (logarithmic unit used to express the ratio of two values of a physical quantity)

CPE Customer-Premises Equipment

DC Data Concentrator

DG Distributed Generation

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

EOL End of Life

GPS Global Positioning Systems

GUI Graphic User Interface

ISP Internet Service Provider

LISN Line Impedance Stabilization Network

LTE Long Term Evolution

LV Low Voltage

MSS Main Supply Substation (HV/MV)

MV Middle Voltage

OSI Open Systems Interconnection (standardization model proposed by ISO along with ITU-T)

OSS Operation Support System

PLC Power Line Carrier

PMU Phasor Measurement Unit

SA State Estimation

S-FSK Spread Frequency-shift Keying

SM Smart Meter

SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio

SPM Synchro Phasor Measurements

TRIA Transmit and Receive Integrated Assembly (part of satellite antenna)

TS Transformer Station (MV/LV)

UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service

VPN Virtual Private Network

WAMS Wide Area Measurement System

WAMS – PMC WAMS Power Measurement and Control


WAMS – SPM WAMS Synchro-Phasor Measurement

xDSL X (= A – asymmetric, S – symmetric, V – very high bit rate) DSL


SUNSEED project

SUNSEED proposes an evolutionary approach to utilisation of already present communication networks from

both energy and telecom operators. These can be suitably connected to form a converged communication

infrastructure for future smart energy grids offering open services. Life cycle of such communication network

solutions consists of six steps: overlap, interconnect, interoperate, manage, plan and open. Joint

communication networking operations steps start with analysis of regional overlap of energy and

telecommunications operator infrastructures. Geographical overlap of energy and communications

infrastructures identifies vital DSO energy and support grid locations (e.g. distributed energy generators,

transformer substations, cabling, ducts) that are covered by both energy and telecom communication

networks. Coverage can be realised with known wireline (e.g. copper, fiber) or wireless and mobile (e.g. WiFi,

4G) technologies. Interconnection assures end-2-end secure communication on the physical layer between

energy and telecom, whereas interoperation provides network visibility and reach of smart grid nodes from

both operator (utility) sides. Monitoring, control and management gathers measurement data from wide area

of sensors and smart meters and assures stable distributed energy grid operation by using novel intelligent real

time analytical knowledge discovery methods. For full utilisation of future network planning, we will integrate

various public databases (e.g. municipality GIS, weather). Applications build on open standards (W3C) with

exposed application programming interfaces (API) to 3rd parties enable creation of new businesses related to

energy and communication sectors (e.g. virtual power plant operators, energy services providers for optimizing

home energy use) or enable public wireless access points (e.g. WiFi nodes at distributed energy generator

locations). SUNSEED life cycle steps promise much lower investments and total cost of ownership for future

smart energy grids with dense distributed energy generation and prosumer involvement.

Project Partners

1. TELEKOM SLOVENIJE D.D.; TS; Slovenia

2. AALBORG UNIVERSITET; AAU; Denmark

3. ELEKTRO PRIMORSKA, PODJETJE ZA DISTRIBUCIJO ELEKTRICNE ENERGIJE D.D.; EP; Slovenia

4. ELEKTROSERVISI, ENERGETIKA, MERILNI LABORATORIJ IN NEPREMICNINE D.D.; ES; Slovenia

5. INSTITUT JOZEF STEFAN; JSI; Slovenia

6. GEMALTO SA; GTOSA; France

7. GEMALTO M2M GMBH; GTOM2M; Germany

8. NEDERLANDSE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST NATUURWETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK - TNO; TNO;

The Netherlands

9. TOSHIBA RESEARCH EUROPE LIMITED; TREL; United Kingdom

Project webpage

http://www.sunseed-fp7.eu/

http://www.sunseed-fp7.eu/


Executive Summary

The deliverable outlines installation work on all field trial location with special focus on physical installation in power grid, connection of smart meters and establishing communication connections for installed devices (WAMS, data concentrators and smart meters).

Smart meters with PLC data concentrators are installed on all locations according installation plans from D5.1.2 an updated version in D3.3.2. On the other hand total installations of WAMS devices slightly deviate from them, especially in location Kneža and Bonifika. In total we have installed of 38 pieces of WAMS SPM devices on 30 different geographical locations and 781 of residential smart meters with 24 PLC data concentrators. On field trial we also have of 97 industrial smart meters which were installed before Sunseed project has started.

Communication on field trial was completely implemented an all locations regarding communications scenarios designed in project. Most often (location Kromber and Razdrto) the mobile communication network solutions by scenario A were used. On one specific locations in Kromberk, we decided to use the infrastructure of Elektro Primorska, who already has its mobile infrastructure for reading values of smart meters and aggregate it on location in Nova Gorica. In field trial location Kneža we solved communication for WAMS and SM connection with both scenarios, A and B. Scenario A1 was implemented in TS Sela nad Podmelcem with proper strength of LTE signal. In TS Knežke Ravne vas the only possibility is satellite communication by scenario B. Field trial location Razdrto is connected through mobile communication network by scenario A1 and A2 and location Kromberk just with scenario A1. For all WAMS SPM devices connected in main supply substations and switching station Razdrto we use existing Elektro Primorska MPLS communication infrastructure on fiber physical layer (scenario A3).

Since the beginning of SUNSEED field trial implementation, we find that communication over LTE is easy to develop and maintain and have observed good performance results and high uptime. We didn't have any significant problems with telecommunication devices even in regions, where mobile signal levels are low.

Due to absence of mobile and fixed infrastructure, communication in Kneške Ravne is provided by link via geostationary satellite (scenario B). Communication link provides layer 3 connectivity, therefore security mechanisms are provided using a VPN tunnel between Sunseed's core network firewall and router which is connected to modem, while WAMS and smart meters are connected to router's LAN ports. Data from smart meters and WAMS are sent through secure VPN channel to database. Using satellite technology, relatively long latency should be considered, ie. round-trip-time in range of 700 ms, as well impact of weather should also not be neglected – especially heavy rain, snow and thick fog could cause temporary communication link failures. Otherwise, such type of communication has been proven as relatively stable and reliable.

Another issue we try to focus in Sunseed field trial is performance of PLC communication. After installation of smart meters, we experienced with disturbances caused by load devices which do not meet requirements from EMC standards. This is a reason why PLC communications does not provide 100 % reliability of remote readings. Distribution companies approach t these problems in different ways. There is ongoing research on detecting sources of network disturbances and resolve them. In SUNSEED project, we have developed and tested new method for disturbances detection. The method enables localization of the branch that caused disturbances with almost 100% reliability. Devices for disturbances detection are already available on the market. We have created an adapter to disturbance detection devices, enabling them as disturbances source locators. The result is a


robust, reliable and ergonomic tool, which enable a quick detection of causes for communication failures.

All measurements from the field trial are accessible and visible on GIS portal called SunGIS. The basic role of the sunGIS application in Sunseed project is to provide spatial information and orientation using general geographic and cartographic layers and information about the energy and telecommunication infrastructure using spatial data layers from TS, EP and SUNSEED (SM and WAMS nodes). The basic service offered by sunGIS is situation awareness (monitoring) of the grid network using all categories of data collected from the implemented field trial grid nodes in near real-time. It is envisage that sunGIS application will provide comprehensive and clear observability in the network including but not limited to information about the location of the violation, area of influence and severity level of the violation.


1 Introduction

The basis for field trial setup are the installation plan from D5.1.2 and communication solution design with its latest updates from D3.3.2 At the moment of writing of this deliverable field trial deployment is still ongoing. On all locations are installed smart meters with PLC data concentrators, on the other hand implementation of WAMS devices and communications is at different stages depending on each location. Main goal of this deliverable is to give a complete description of the work done on all field trial locations which include physical installation part in power grid, connection of smart meters and establishing communication connections for installed devices (WAMS, data concentrators and smart meters).

Chapter 2 gives a detailed report and description of installation at each field trial location. Location Kromberk is almost finished with 9 WAMS SPM fully operating (successfully connected and sending measurement in MONGO database in real time). Four more WAMS SPM still need to be integrated into prepared space in special installation power boxes. Two WAMS SPM are also up and running in location Kneža. In location Razdrto three comprehensive preinstallation were implemented and waiting just on WAMS SPM plugging in prepared space.

Chapter 3 reports measurements results regarding connectivity of smart meters from the field trial covering PLC communications robustness and influence of disturbances affecting PLC performance. In Chapter 4, detailed description of implemented communication solutions on the field trial is given. This section covers the special scenario in location Kneža where one location is equipped with LTE mobile communication while other is covered with satellite communication. In Chapter 5, a GIS portal developed in Telekom Slovenije is presented. Main role of this portal is representation of geospatial information within the SUNSEED project, especially results issuing from Sunseed developed solutions (e.g. state estimations, communication and power KPI, etc.)


2 Field trial setup report

The Sunseed field trial consists of four different locations, each in one operational unit of Elektro Primorska. The location names with operational unit names in brackets as follow:

Kromberk (Gorica),

Bonifika (Koper),

Razdrto (Sežana),

Kneža (Tolmin).

Below we provide a detailed description of equipment installations for all field trial locations. The installations were implemented according to the installation plans in D5.1.2 (from M18) and latest updated deliverable D3.3.2 (from M24) where the total numbers of WAMS SPM devices are slightly lower. The main reason for this is that it is physically enough to have one WAMS SPM connected on low voltage side of secondary transformer station (TS) and additional WAMS SPM alongside low voltage (LV) grid and near dispersed generation (DG) are not needed because they don’t affect the accuracy of state estimation algorithm).

The report is formed in sense to ensure the information about installed equipment and communications for one WAMS SPM which is connected in TS or in main supply substation (MSS). Communication solutions for WAMS connection were designed in D5.1.2 and more precisely updated and described in D3.3.2. In this report are also the information about smart meters (SM) and PLC data concentrators (DC) where they are presented.

First experiences from field trial work show that is very difficult to plan work on testbed because EP qualified workers with adequate permission and authorization have priority tasks related with secure and reliable power network operation. For this reason sometimes we have to postpone the planned work in field trial due to such priorities.

2.1 Communication scenarios for WAMS devices and smart meters

In summary, we distinguish two communication scenarios, where WAMS (SPM/PMC) nodes are connected through mobile or fixed modem/router (Scenario A) and WAMS SPM are using satellite modem/router (Scenario B, Figure 3). Scenario A (Figure 1, Figure 2) is further divided into three sub-scenarios, where gateway (modem/router) could connect the LTE network (scenario A.1), UMTS network (scenario A.2) or xDSL/FTTH network (scenario A.3).


Figure 1: Communication scenarios A1 and A2: WAMS – mobile (LTE – A1, UMTS – A2) modem/router

Figure 2: Communication scenario A3: WAMS – xDSL or FTTH modem/router

Modem/Router

EthernetCellular network

WAMS (SPM)

Data concetrator

Utility functional location (Transformer station)

Communication network WAN

Modem/Router

EthernetxDSLFTTH

WAMS (SPM)

Data concetrator




Figure 3: Communication scenario B: WAMS – satellite modem/router

Smart meters (SM) use mobile or fixed modems/routers as gateways via mobile or fixed network. However, with regard to the exact smart meter model, they are connected to such gateways in different manner. We distinct two scenarios, where smart meters are connected to PLC data concentrator (DC), which is connected to mobile or fixed modem/router (Scenario C, Figure 4) or they are connected to mobile or fixed modem/router via RS485 to Ethernet converter (Scenario D, Figure 5).

Figure 4: Communication scenario C: SM – DC – mobile (LTE – A1, UMTS – A2) modem/router

Modem

EthernetSatellite

communication

WAMS (SPM)

Data concetrat

or



Router

Modem/Router

Ethernet

Cellular networkA1: LTE

A2: UMTS

WAMS (SPM)

Data concetrator


Communication network WAN PLC communication NAN

LV Power grid

0,4 kV


Modem/Router

EthernetCellular network

Utility functional location (customer connection box)


RS485RS485-

Ethernet conv.RS485

Figure 5: Communication scenario D: cellular modem/router – smart meter

2.2 Field trial installed equipment

In general the following equipment were installed on Sunseed field trial. The selection of elements depends on the communication scenario.

external modem/router - cellular: Teltronika RUT950 (Figure 6), Inhand IR915P (Figure 7) - universal (cellular, xDSL, FTTH): Cisco CGR1120/K9S (Figure 8) - satellite: RM 4100 Satellite Modem

Figure 6: Teltronika RUT950 modem/router


Figure 7: Inhand IR915P modem/router

Figure 8: Cisco CGR1120/K9S modem/router

Figure 9: RM 4100 Satellite Modem


Figure 10: Trimble Bullet™ GPS antenna

Figure 11: LTE/UMTS directional antenna, WMM-7-27-5SP

Figure 12: Tooway Surfbeam antenna

http://www.google.si/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi7o5D9oMvQAhXFWxoKHUEjCgoQjRwIBw&url=http://www.dpieshop.com/trimble-bullet-iii-gps-antenna-50v-tnc-connector-p-1020.html&psig=AFQjCNFEt1ZJLlZR-zPO1Mt8z14-gZ4S5A&ust=1480415844148893


antennas with stainless carriers: - GPS antenna for synchronization: Trimble Bullet™ (Figure 10) - LTE/UMTS directional cellular universal antenna: WMM-7-27-5SP, Panorama Antennas

Ltd (Figure 11) - satellite: Tooway Surfbeam (Figure 12Figure 9)

power supply boxes: - basic stainless LV delivery power box with separate measurement part (for WAMS

devices) - Elektro Primorska’s custom-bulit (Figure 13), outdoor installation - PVC power box, indoor installation

Figure 13: basic stainless LV delivery power box with separate measurement part

Bellow we describe the details of WAMS SPM installation at each operational trial sites where installations were completed. In tables for each TS with WAMS SPM the following data are given:

installation basic data (location name, ID and topology, date of completion, supplying MSS and feeder name),

communication network data (selected communication scenario, device IP, synchronization),

installed communication equipment data (inventory list),

WAMS SPM device data,

SM under TS data,

other equipment data.

The number of WAMS SPM installed in one location depends on the number of distribution transformers MV/LV located in TS. In general, one WAMS SPM covers each distribution transformer and is connected at the node on the LV side.

2.3 Location Kromberk

The Kromberk area is east part of city Nova Gorica with trade and industrial zone supplying two MV feeders from MSS Gorica 110/20 kV, Meblo and A+A. The location is urban and is interesting due to many PV plants and one cogeneration unit connected mainly on the MV power distribution grid. They cause a reversed power flow against MSS which is an atypical for traditional network operation.


Because of short distances and strong power cable connections there are no special operational troubles. The graphic presentation of Kromberk field trial location is shown on Figure 14.

Figure 14: Field trial location Kromberk – graphic presentation of power network testbed.

Table 1 below shows a data sheet for all locations in Kromberk where WAMS SPM devices are installed. From table it could be recognized communication scenario for WMAMS nodes and SM, used modem/router, total number of residential and industrial SM per TS, modem/router name and date of implemented installation. We have 10 TS in Kromberk with 13 WAMS SPM, 92 residential and 35 industrial SM with 6 PLC data concentrators.

Table 1: Summary of functional locations in Kromberk with basic installation data.

Field trial

location

Utility functional location -

Transformer Substation

(TS) or Main Suply

Substation (MSS)

Communication

scenario for

WAMS SPM

connection

Nm. of

WAMS

SPM

Modem/Router

name

Communication

scenario for

residental smart

meters

Number of

Data

concetrato

rs

Number of

PLC

residental

smart

meters

Communication

scenario for

industrial smart

meters

Number of

industrial

smart

meters

Installation

finished

13 6 92 35

1. MSS Gorica 110/20 kV A3 1Cisco WS-

C3560G-24PSnot presented not presented 20.09.2016

2. Pikolud A1 1Teltronika

RUT950 (LTE)C 1 23 D 4 20.09.2016

3. A+A A1 1Teltronika

RUT950 (LTE)not presented D 1 03.11.2016

4. Jogi A1 1Teltronika

RUT950C 1 8 D 2 12.10.2016

5. SE Meblo Jogi A1 1Teltronika

RUT950not presented D 2 11.10.2016

6. Površinska A1 1Teltronika

RUT950 (LTE)C 1 23 D 5 10.10.2016

7. Kotlarna A1 3Cisco

CGR1120/K9SC 2 23 D 14 28.09.2016

8. Primarna A1 1Teltronika


9. MFE Ilmest A1 2Teltronika


10. Meblo A1 1Teltronika

RUT950 (LTE)C 1 15 D 3 21.09.2016

KROMBERK (NOVA GORICA)


2.3.1 MSS Gorica installation data

LOCATION: MSS Gorica 110/20 kV

Location node ID: 12041022

Location finished: 20.09.2016

Supplaying dataMain Supply Substation name (Supply Transformer

Number): Gorica 110/20 kV (TR 1)

Feeder 20 kV name:

Communication network data

Scenario: A3 (FTTH)

Gateway static IP: 10.161.1.17

Synchronization clock: GPS

Installed communication equipment

- external modem/router (Teltronika RUT950) (pcs.):

- external modem/router (Inhand IR915P with

HSDPA modul) (pcs.):

- external modem/router (Cisco CGR1120/K9S)

(pcs.):

- external router (Inhand IR915P) (pcs.):

- external modem (RM 4100 Satellite Modem) (pcs.):

- LTE/UMTS directional antenna (pcs.):

- satell ite antenna (pcs.):

- GPS antenna (Trimble Bullet™) (pcs.): 1

- surge arrester for GPS antenna (pcs.): 1

- LAN surge protector (pcs.): 1

WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104c5a000a00000f5

Type: SPM

Internal modem/router: NO

Measuring power inputs signals (phasors): U1, U2, U3

Rated value of measuring signals: 57,735 V

Measuring electrical node ID 12041720

Smart meters (SM) data

Residential SM nm.:

Data concentrators nm.:

Industrial SM nm.:

Other equpment

- PVC power box 450x300x170 mm, IP 65 (pcs.):

- PVC power box 540x360x170 mm, IP 65 (pcs.): 1

- stainless LV delivery power box with seperate

measurement part

- stainless carrier for LTE/UMTS directional

antenna (pcs.):

- stainless carrier for GPS antenna (pcs.): 1

- stainless carrier for satell ite antenna (pcs.):

- miniature circuit breaker 230 V AC, 6A (pcs.): 3

- fuses for power supply Line-up terminal with fuse

holder VSV (pcs.): 2

- power supply 24 V, 40 W, 2 module (pcs.): 1

- power connectors for DIN rail (pcs.): 2

- PVC insulated wire H07V-x 1,5 mm2 (m) 4

- PVC insulated cable for power supply NYM-J 5 x

1,5 mm2 12

- PVC insulated cable for power supply NYM-J 5 x 4

mm2

- antenna cable LTE 50 ohm, female, male SMA

connectors

- antenna cable GPS 50 ohm, female, male SMA

connectors 5

- STP cable cat 5e -data cable + 2x RJ45STP 8

- other material (din rail, connectors,…) yes

Deficiency / NotesConnected in EP communication

network


Figure 15: PVC box with voltage inputs signals and communication equipment.


2.3.2 TS Pikolud installation data

LOCATION: TS Pikolud 20/0,4 kV





Feeder 20 kV name: A+A


Scenario: A1 (LTE)




- external modem/router (Teltronika RUT950) (pcs.): 1




(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104c7a000a00000fb

Type: SPM



Rated value of measuring signals: 400 V



Residential SM nm.: 23

Data concentrators nm.: 1

Industrial SM nm.: 4

Other equpment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2


mm2 5


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

not notted



Figure 17: Connected PLC data concentrator (via Ethernet)

Figure 18: GPS antenna for synchronisation


2.3.3 TS A+A installation data

LOCATION: TS A+A 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)








(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104c0a000a00000ee

Type: SPM









Other equpment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2 5


mm2


connectors


connectors 5

- STP cable cat 5e -data cable + 2x RJ45STP


Deficiency / Notes

TS in foreign ownership


2.3.4 TS Jogi installation data

LOCATION: TS Jogi 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)








(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104baa000a000008f

Type: SPM









Other equpment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2 3


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

not notted


2.3.5 TS Meblo Jogi installation data

LOCATION: TS Meblo Jog i20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)








(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104ada000a00000ea

Type: SPM



Rated value of measuring signals: 57,735 V



Residential SM nm.:



Other equpment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2 10


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

TS in foreign ownership


2.3.6 TS Površinska installation data

LOCATION: TS Površinska 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)








(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104b3a000a00000b0

Type: SPM









Other equpment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2 4


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

not notted


2.3.7 TS Kotlarna installation data

LOCATION: TS Kotlarna 20/0,4 kV


Location finished: 28.09.2016 13.12.2016 13.12.2016


Number): Gorica 110/20 kV (TR 1) Gorica 110/20 kV (TR 1) Gorica 110/20 kV (TR 1)

Feeder 20 kV name: A+A A+A A+A


Scenario: A1 (LTE) A1 (LTE) A1 (LTE)

Gateway static IP:

Synchronization clock: GPS GPS GPS






(pcs.): 1







- LAN surge protector (pcs.): 1 1 1

WAMS device data

ID: 16700204541000610098a000a0000035 1670020454100061008ea000a0000057 16700204541000610045a000a0000028

Type: SPM



Measuring signal nominal voltage: 400 V

Rated voltage lavel: 0,4 kV 0,4 kV 0,4 kV

Measuring electrical node ID 12043405 12042181 12042182


Residential SM nm.: 13 10

Data concentrators nm.: 1 1

Industrial SM nm.: 8 5 1

Other equipment

- PVC power box 450x300x170 mm, IP 65 (pcs.): 1 1 1



measurement part 1


antenna (pcs.):



- miniature circuit breaker 230 V AC, 6A (pcs.): 3 3 3


holder VSV (pcs.): 2 2 2


- power connectors for DIN rail (pcs.): 2 2 2

- PVC insulated wire H07V-x 1,5 mm2 (m) 4 4 4


1,5 mm2 15 11 7


mm2


connectors


connectors 5

- STP cable cat 5e -data cable + 2x RJ45STP 15 11 7

- other material (din rail, connectors,…) yes yes yes

Deficiency / NotesWAMS replacement on 26.1.2017, 23.2.2017,

12.4.2017


Figure 24: Stainless box with voltage inputs signals and communication equipment (Cisco modem/router).



2.3.8 TS Primarna installation data

LOCATION: TS Primarna 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)








(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104aaa000a00000ff

Type: SPM






Residential SM nm.:



Other equpment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2 5


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

not notted


2.3.9 TS FVE Ilmest installation data

LOCATION: TS FVE Ilmest 20/0,4 kV


Location finished: 04.11.2016 24.01.2017





Scenario: A1 (LTE)








(pcs.):







- LAN surge protector (pcs.): 1 1

WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104c1a000a00000e9 167002045410006104c2a000a00000e0

Type: SPM SPM

Internal modem/router: NO NO

Measuring power inputs signals (phasors): U1, U2, U3 U1, U2, U3

Measuring signal nominal voltage: 400 V 400 V

Rated voltage lavel: 0,4 kV 0,4 kV

Measuring electrical node ID 14062517 14062518


Residential SM nm.:


Industrial SM nm.: 1 1

Other equipment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):



- miniature circuit breaker 230 V AC, 6A (pcs.): 3 3


holder VSV (pcs.): 2 2


- power connectors for DIN rail (pcs.): 2 2

- PVC insulated wire H07V-x 1,5 mm2 (m) 4 4


1,5 mm2 8 5


mm2


connectors


connectors 5


- other material (din rail, connectors,…) yes yes

Deficiency / Notes

TS in foreign ownership not noted


2.3.10 TS Meblo installation data

LOCATION: TS Meblo 20/0,4 kV





Feeder 20 kV name: Meblo


Scenario: A1 (LTE)

Gateway static IP:







(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104bfa000a0000094

Type: SPM









Other equipment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2


mm2 5


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

not noted


2.3.11 Installation summary in location Kromberk

Report shows that installations on location Kromberk are actually completed. Figure 29 shows a connection of installed WAMS SPM and SM in Kromberk for state in 29.12.2016. The WAMS running state and connection presence is different from day to day because of debugging processes from developing teams.

Figure 29: State of WAMS SPM ( ) and SM ( )running at filed trial location Kromberk on 30.11.2016.

2.4 Location Razdrto

SWS Razdrto as main power delivery point for field trial location Razdrto is remote switching substation with high consumption, generated by mostly industrial consumers (company profiles and quarry). The power is supplied from power transformer 110/20 kV located in MSS Postojna. Location has high DG connection potential for the future, especially wind and solar power plants. Remote load and volatility of DG creates high operational difficulties due to high voltage rise and drop. The power network is rural type and exposed to heavy wind and snow in winter time. The graphic presentation of Razdrto field trial location is shown on Figure 30.


Figure 30: Field trial location Razdrto – graphic presentation of power network testbed.

Table 2 below shows a data sheet for all locations in Razdrto where WAMS SPM have to be installed. From table it could be recognized communication scenario for WMAMS nodes and SM and number of residential/industrial SM. Installations were made on 13 locations where were installed 13 pieces of WAMS SPM devices and 146 of residential SM with 7 PLC data concentrators. 9 industrial SM were installed near customers exceeding current limitations of 63 A before Sunseed project has started.

Table 2: Summary of functional locations in Razdrto with basic installation data.

Field trial

location



(TS) or Main Suply

Substation (MSS)

Communication

scenario for

WAMS SPM

connection

Nm. of

WAMS SPM

Nm. Of WAMS

PMC

Modem/Router

name

Communication

scenario for

residental smart

meters

Number of

Data

concetrato

rs

Number of

PLC

residental

smart

meters

Number of non

PLC residental

smart meters

Communication

scenario for

industrial

smart meters

Number of

industrial

smart

meters

Installation

finished

13 7 146 9

1. MSS Postojna 110/20 kV A3 1 not presented not presented 21.12.2016

2. SS Razdrto A3 1 1 C 1 7 not presented 09.01.2017

3. Profiles peletirnica A1 1 not presented D 1 07.03.2017

4. Razdrto vas A1 1 1 C 1 61 not presented 11.01.2017

5. KZ Razdrto A1 1 1 C 1 10 not presented 19.04.2016

6. Kovinoplastika not presented D 1 D 2

7. Razdrto A1 1 not presented D 1 11.01.2017

8. Razdrto Kamnolom A1 1 not presented D 1 30.01.2017

9. Asfaltna baza Laže A1 1 not presented D 1 30.01.2017

10. Separacija Laže A1 1 1 not presented 3 not presented 17.02.2017

11. Laže A2 1 C 1 29 not presented 06.04.2016

12. Asfaltna baza Senožeče not presented D 1 D 1

13. Ravni A2 1 C 1 3 3 not presented 07.03.2017

14. Senožeče 1 A2 1 C 1 22 not presented 09.03.2017

15. Nanos not presented not presented D 1

16. Hruševje mlin not presented D 3 not presented

17. Tri hiše A2 1 C 1 11 not presented 17.06.2016

18. MVE Razdrto not presented not presented D 1

RAZDRTO (SEŽANA)


2.4.1 MSS Postojna 110/20 kV installation data

LOCATION: MSS Postojna 110/20 kV




Number): Postojna 110/20 kV (TR 2)

Feeder 20 kV name:


Scenario: A3 (FTTH)





- external modem/router (Inhand IR915P with HSDPA

modul) (pcs.):

- external modem/router (Cisco CGR1120/K9S) (pcs.):







- LAN surge protector (pcs.):

WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104b4a000a00000a5

Type: SPM



Measuring signal nominal voltage: 57,735 V

Rated voltage lavel: 20 kV



Residential SM nm.:


Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part

- stainless carrier for LTE/UMTS directional antenna (pcs.):




- fuses for power supply Line-up terminal with fuse holder

VSV (pcs.): 2



- PVC insulated wire H07V-x 1,5 mm2 (m)

- PVC insulated cable for power supply NYM-J 5 x 1,5 mm2 8

- PVC insulated cable for power supply NYM-J 5 x 4 mm2

- antenna cable LTE 50 ohm, female, male SMA connectors

- antenna cable GPS 50 ohm, female, male SMA connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes



Figure 32: GPS antenna for synchronisation.


2.4.2 TS RP Razdrto installation data

LOCATION: TS RP Razdrto 20/0,4 kV





Feeder 20 kV name:


Scenario: A3 (FTTH)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104a9a000a00000f6

Type: SPM




Rated voltage lavel: 0,4 kV





Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part 1






VSV (pcs.): 2



- PVC insulated wire H07V-x 1,5 mm2 (m)

- PVC insulated cable for power supply NYM-J 5 x 1,5 mm2 1






Deficiency / Notes

GPS antenna is 7 m long


Figure 33: Stainless box with voltage inputs signals and communication equipment.



2.4.3 TS Profiles pletirnica installation data

LOCATION: TS Profiles pletirnica 20/0,4 kV





Feeder 20 kV name: Razdrto


Scenario: A1 (LTE)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 1670020454100061003da000a0000047

Type: SPM







Residential SM nm.:



Other equipment




measurement part






VSV (pcs.): 2




- PVC insulated cable for power supply NYM-J 5 x 1,5 mm2






Deficiency / Notes

Performed by ES installation team


2.4.4 TS Razdrto vas installation data

LOCATION: TS Razdrto vas 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104aca000a00000ed

Type: SPM









Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part






VSV (pcs.): 4






- antenna cable LTE 50 ohm, female, male SMA connectors 6




Deficiency / Notes


Figure 36: Installation on existing installation panel.



2.4.5 TS KZ Razdrto installation data

LOCATION: TS KZ Razdrto 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A2 (UMTS)






HSDPA modul) (pcs.): 1


(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID:

Type: SPM








Industrial SM nm.:

Other equpment




measurement part 1


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

WAMS SPM has not been installed yet


Figure 38: Stainless box with voltage inputs signals and communication equipment.


2.4.6 TS Razdrto installation data

LOCATION: TS Razdrto 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104c8a000a00000d6

Type: SPM







Residential SM nm.:



Other equipment




measurement part






VSV (pcs.): 4










Deficiency / Notes


2.4.7 TS Razdrto kamnolom installation data

LOCATION: TS Razdrto kamnolom 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104cca000a00000ca

Type: SPM







Residential SM nm.:



Other equipment




measurement part






VSV (pcs.): 2










Deficiency / Notes



2.4.8 TS Asfaltna baza Laže installation data

LOCATION: TS Asfaltna baza Laže 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 16700204541000610043a000a000003a

Type: SPM



Measuring signal nominal voltage: 57,735 V

Rated voltage lavel: 20 kV



Residential SM nm.:



Other equipment




measurement part






VSV (pcs.): 2










Deficiency / Notes



2.4.9 TS Separacija Laže installation data

LOCATION: TS Separacija Laže 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 16700204541000610040a000a0000033

Type: SPM







Residential SM nm.:


Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part






VSV (pcs.): 2










Deficiency / Notes



2.4.10 TS Laže installation data

LOCATION: TS Laže 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A2 (UMTS)






HSDPA modul) (pcs.): 1


(pcs.):



- LTE/UMTS directional antenna (pcs.): 1





WAMS device data

ID:

Type: SPM








Industrial SM nm.:

Other equpment




measurement part 1


antenna (pcs.): 1










1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors 6


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

WAMS SPM has not been installed yet


Figure 39: New stainless box with voltage inputs signals and communication equipment.


2.4.11 TS Ravni installation data

LOCATION: TS Ravni 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A1 (LTE)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 16700204541000610047a000a0000026

Type: SPM









Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part






VSV (pcs.): 2










Deficiency / Notes



2.4.12 TS Senožeče 1 installation data

LOCATION: TS Senožeče 1 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A2 (LTE)






modul) (pcs.):









WAMS device data

ID: 16700204541000610049a000a000000c

Type: SPM









Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part 1






VSV (pcs.): 4










Deficiency / Notes


Figure 40: New stainless box with voltage inputs signals and communication equipment.



2.4.13 TS Tri Hiše installation data

LOCATION: TS Tri Hiše 20/0,4 kV







Scenario: A2 (UMTS)






modul) (pcs.): 1









WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104afa000a00000e4

Type: SPM









Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part 1

- stainless carrier for LTE/UMTS directional antenna (pcs.): 1

- stainless carrier for GPS antenna (pcs.):




VSV (pcs.): 4










Deficiency / Notes


2.4.1 Installation summary in location Razdrto

Report shows that we finished with preinstallations for WAMS SPM on thirteen locations in Razdrto installing 13 of WAMS SPM devices. The installations of all SM were successfully implemented months ago. The main characteristics of installation on this location is that they are quite demanding due to replacing old power delivery boxes with new one to ensure additional space for communication equipment (modem/router) and WAMS SPM. Figure 42 shows a connection of installed SM in Razdrto for state in 30.11.2016.

Figure 42: State of SM ( )running at filed trial location Razdrto on 30.11.2016.


2.5 Location Bonifika

The Bonifika area is situated in a south part of city Koper with trade and utility zone supplying feeder Bonifika 2 from SBS Koper 110/20 kV. The location is interesting due to PV plants connected mainly on the MV power distribution grid which cause bidirectional power flows. Because of short distances and strong power cable connections there are no special operational troubles. The graphic presentation of Bonifika field trial location is shown on Figure 43.

Figure 43: Field trial location Bonifika – graphic presentation of power network testbed.

Table 3 below shows a data sheet for all locations in Bonifika. Currently for this testbed we covered the installation of the SMs (465 residential with 4 PLC data concentrators and 43 industrial) and WAMS SPM devices on four location (8 pieces in total). Huge number of SMs give a possibility to implement some Sunseed developed services (like state estimations, load forecasting) just on obtained SM data without WAMS SPM measurements. The communication scenario SM and the number of residential/industrial SM can be recognized from the table below. The installation of all SMs was successfully implemented months ago.

Elektro Primorska as DSO representor in project has changed a purpose of WAMS SPM devices in Bonifika testbed. We use WAMS SPM with PMU measurements for power lines phase sequence detection between neighborhoods main supply substations in case of reserve supply restoration. For that reasons we install 6 pieces of WAMS SPM in three main supply substations Koper, Dekani and Lucija which are connected through 20 kV lines for reserve supply in case of fault in part of 110 kV network. 2 WAMS SPM were installed in 20 kV delivery substation Izola supplied on 20 kV from Koper and Lucija.


Table 3: Summary of functional locations in Bonifika with basic installation data.

Field trial

location



(TS) or Main Suply

Substation (MSS)

Communication

scenario for

WAMS SPM

connection

Nm. of

WAMS SPM

Modem/Router

name

Communication

scenario for

residental smart

meters

Number of

Data

concetrato

rs

Number of

PLC

residental

smart

meters

Communication

scenario for

industrial

smart meters

Number of

industrial

smart

meters

Installation

finished

8 4 465 43

1. MSS Dekani 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 02.03.2017

2. MSS Koper 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 03.02.2017

3. MSS Lucija 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 17.02.2013

4. SS Izola 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 2.2..2017

5. Bonifika 2 not presented C 1 34 D 13

6. Agraria not presented not presented D 1


8. Bonifika 3 not presented not presented D 7

9. Špar not presented not presented D 1

10. Črpališče Kanal grande not presented C 1 4 D 5

11. Koper 3 (DVTP) not presented C 1 354 D 6

12. Markovec vzhod not presented not presented D 1

BONIFIKA (KOPER)


2.5.1 MSS Koper installation data

LOCATION: MSS Koper 110/20 kV




Number): Koper 110/20 kV (TR 2) Koper 110/20 kV (TR 2)

Feeder 20 kV name:


Scenario: A3 (FTTH) A3 (FTTH)

Gateway static IP: 10.161.194.51 10.161.194.52

Synchronization clock: GPS GPS






(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 1670020454100061008aa000a000004b 16700204541000610048a000a000000b

Type: SPM SPM



Measuring signal nominal voltage: 57,735 V 57,735 V

Rated voltage lavel: 110 kV 20 kV



Residential SM nm.:


Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors


connectors 5

- STP cable cat 5e -data cable + 2x RJ45STP 25 25


Deficiency / Notes

Connected in EP communication network Connected in EP communication network


2.5.2 MSS Dekani installation data

LOCATION: MSS Dekani 110/20 kV




Number): Dekani 110/20 kV (TR 1) Dekani 110/20 kV (TR 2)

Feeder 20 kV name:










(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 1670020454100061003ca000a0000040 0a50402424620010a027a080a08000b6

Type: SPM SPM







Residential SM nm.:


Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes



2.5.3 MSS Lucija installation data

LOCATION: MSS Lucija 110/20 kV




Number): Lucija 110/20 kV Lucija 110/20 kV (TR 1)

Feeder 20 kV name:










(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 1670020454100061008fa000a0000050 1670020454100061003ea000a000004e

Type: SPM SPM







Residential SM nm.:


Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes



2.5.4 SS Izola installation data

LOCATION: SS Izola 20 kV




Number): Koper 110/20 kV (TR 2) Lucija 110/20 kV (TR 2)

Feeder 20 kV name: DV Izola DV Izola






- external modem/router (Teltronika RUT950) (pcs.): 1 1




(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 16700204541000610042a000a000003d 16700204541000610059a000a000007c

Type: SPM SPM





Measuring electrical node ID


Residential SM nm.:


Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):










1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes



Figure 44: Example of installation in MSS Dekani.

2.6 Location Keneža

The Kneža valley is typical Alpine steep unpopulated valley with small rivers with several small hydro power plants. Number of consumer is very low that means the power flow is reverse and all power produced runs against MSS Tolmin to feed the urban consumers in town. Volatility of DER creates high operational difficulties due to high voltage rise. The power grid is rural type with overhead lines. The graphic presentation of Kneža field trial location is shown on Figure 45.


Figure 45: Field trial location Kneža – graphic presentation of power network testbed.

Table 4 below shows a data sheet for all functional locations in Kneža. On testbed are running 4 WAMS SPM devices and all planned SM (7 data concentrators with 78 residential SM and 10 industrial SM). Like in other field trial locations table gives information about communication scenario for WMAMS nodes and SM, used modem/router, total number of residential and industrial SM per TS, modem/router name and date of implemented installation.

Table 4: Summary of functional locations in Kneža with basic installation data.

Field trial

location



(TS) or Main Suply

Substation (MSS)

Communication

scenario for

WAMS SPM

connection

Nm. of

WAMS SPM

Nm. Of WAMS

PMC

Modem/Router

name

Communication

scenario for

residental smart

meters

Number of

Data

concetrato

rs

Number of

PLC

residental

smart

meters

Number of non

PLC residental

smart meters

Communication

scenario for

industrial

smart meters

Number of

industrial

smart

meters

Installation

finished

4 7 78 101. MSS Tolmin 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 24.02.2017

2. Zuza not presented not presented D 1

3. Klavže not presented C 1 36 D 1

4. Borovnica not presented C 1 5 not presented

5.Sela nad Podmelcem A1 1

Teltronika

RUT950 C 1 20D 1

28.10.2016

6. Logar not presented D 1 1 not presented

7. Loje not presented C 1 5 not presented

8. Mohor not presented not presented 2 D 2

9. Knežke Ravne not presented C 1 4 not presented

10. Knežke Ravne vas B 1

modem RM 4100

Satellite, router

Inhand IR915P

C 1 5 D 1 18.10.2016

11. HE Podmelec not presented not presented D 1

12. MHE Kneža not presented not presented D 1

13. mHE Knežke Ravne 2 not presented not presented D 1

14. mHE Strmec Hvala not presented not presented D 1

KNEŽA (TOLMIN)


2.6.1 MSS Tolmin installation data

LOCATION: MSS Tolmin 110/20 kV




Number): Tolmin 110/20 kV (TR 1) Koper 110/20 kV (TR 3)

Feeder 20 kV name:



Gateway static IP:







(pcs.):





- GPS antenna (Trimble Bullet™) (pcs.): 1 1

- surge arrester for GPS antenna (pcs.): 1 1


WAMS device data

ID: 1670020454100061005ba000a0000072 16700204541000610041a000a0000034

Type: SPM SPM







Residential SM nm.:


Industrial SM nm.:

Other equipment




measurement part


antenna (pcs.):






- power supply 24 V, 40 W, 2 module (pcs.):




1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes



2.6.2 TS Sela nad Podmelcem installation data

LOCATION: TS Sela nad Podmelcem 20/0,4 kV




Number): Tolmin 110/20 kV (TR 3)

Feeder 20 kV name: HE Kneža


Scenario: A1 (LTE)








(pcs.):








WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104caa000a00000d8

Type: SPM









Other equpment




measurement part 1


antenna (pcs.): 1










1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors 6


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

not notted


Figure 46: New stainless delivery box with phase voltage inputs signals.

Figure 47: Measurements part in delivery box for communication equipment, WAMS SPM and data concentrator.


2.6.3 TS Knežke Ravne vas installation data

LOCATION: TS Knežke Ravne vas 20/0,4 kV




Number): Tolmin 110/20 kV (TR 3)

Feeder 20 kV name: HE Kneža


Scenario: B








(pcs.):

- external router (Inhand IR915P) (pcs.): 1

- external modem (RM 4100 Satellite Modem) (pcs.): 1


- satell ite antenna (pcs.): 1




WAMS device data

ID: 167002045410006104baa000a000008f

Type: SPM









Other equpment




measurement part 1


antenna (pcs.):


- stainless carrier for satell ite antenna (pcs.): 1








1,5 mm2


mm2


connectors


connectors 5



Deficiency / Notes

not notted


Figure 48: Measurements part in delivery stainless box for communication equipment, WAMS SPM and data concentrator.

Figure 49: Satellite antenna for communications



2.6.4 Installation summary in location Kneža

Report shows that we finished with installations for WAMS SPM on 3 locations with 4 pieces of installed WAMS SPM devices. The installations of all SM were successfully implemented months ago. The main characteristics of installation on this location is that they are quite complicated pretending due to replacing old delivery boxes with new one to ensure additional space for communication equipment (modem/router) and WAMS SPM. Another challenge is establishing satellite communications. Almost all communication scenarios are planned to be used on this field trial. Figure 42 shows a connection of installed WAMS SPM in Kneža for state in 30.11.2016.


Figure 51: State of WAMS ( ) running at filed trial location Kneža on 30.11.2016.


3 Smart meter connection report

3.1 PLC communications robustness field measurements

Remote account data reading in Slovenian power distribution companies is becoming extensively used. Elektro Primorska distribution company today reads almost all industrial consumers and 30% of all residential consumers remotely. Remote data reading of residential consumers PLC communication is used for economic reasons.

The electricity grid is used for power transmission and distribution. Use of the existing network for additional purposes is cost effective but it has deficiencies. Because of low and undefined impedance, transient effects and different consumer’s influences create a very challenging environment for data communications.

S-FSK technologyis already tested and used widly for PLC communication.. It is very cost effective compared to manual meter reading. It also provides mechanism to control of power network, consumption metering transparency and reduction of commercial loses of distribution companies.

Despite all the advantages of S-FSK technology, PLC communications does not provide reliable communication needed for 100 % accuracy of remote reading. Many devices used today do not meet requirements. Also, in the past, EMC requirements were not considered during installation. This can cause disturbances on PLC communication systems operating in 3-150 kHz frequency range. For example, electronic devices and mass-produced devices such as battery chargers and modems do not comply with EMC standards in the past (Figure 52). Those devices can cause many interferences of the network at EOL and disable remote data reading. Most problems appear in apartment buildings, because of a high concentration of electronicdevices, and a lot of power network branches and measurement points close together. Just one disrupter can cause disturbances which disable many measurement points remote reading. Therefore, many consumers do not get accurately monthly power consumption billing. Consumers cannot monitor and diagnose power network disturbances caused by their devices.

Those problems put participants in power system in unequal position regarding monthly billing based on actual consumption. Therefore network disturbances must be promptly eliminate or data have to be collected by workers from all meters that have no communication with the distribution company data centre. It is time and money consumption work for distribution companies.

Services such as network cleaning and efficiency in providing billing data are for that reasons much more valuable for distribution companies.


Figure 52: Samples of devices, which caused disturbances in communication network?

Distribution companies approached to these problems in different ways. Regarding detecting sources of network disturbances, and solving problems with them, pioneer work is going on. We developed methods, techniques and tools, which help solved problems and provide periodically measurements and billing data.

Figure 53: PLC communication signal physically level?


3.2 Field disturbances detection process

3.2.1 Prior preparation – Disturbances elimination application form

We have prepared simple, transparent and standardised forms to capture all important data. Supervisors or operators of the measuring system should fulfil this form, which provide important information to detect necessity, urgency and magnitude of the problem. That allows planning field activities. Based on our experiences we predict possible problem sources and solutions for restoring the communication.

3.2.2 Disturbances location method

Disturbances are simpler to locate in rural environment because of the distance between houses. Long power lines and different impendence on overhead power line to cable line transition often cause problems in rural environment. Agriculture and other machines with frequency convertors, street lighting, etc can also cause disturbances. Communications network failure is usually limited on single branch and affect limited number of consumers. We solve those problems with repeaters, filter circuit boards and program solutions on concentrators. Disturbances can be solved quickly and with known protective measures.

Figure 54: Cleaning the PLC communication with localisation of disturbances

Locating process in urban environment with apartment buildings is more demanding. It can be many disrupters on the same place and all can cause communication failures. Because of the density of different small electronic devices, which with aging cause disturbances, often new disturbances appears in a short period after we successfully remove the detected disrupters.


Figure 55: Localisation of disturbances on residential area with current clamp

Locating process usually used in the past, based on disconnection single consumer off the grid. With elimination method, the apartment with the disturbances source was located. Procedure can be disturbing for the consumers and even dangerous sometimes. These repeating procedures lower the power quality and supply reliability. It can become even lower than before smart meters were installed.

We developed and test new method for disturbances detection in Sunseed project. We use power clamps to detect disturbance source without disconnect other apartment off the grid. We can locate the branch that caused disturbances with almost 100% accuracy. Devices for disturbances detection are already available on the market. We create adapter circuit boards for those devices, which allow same devices can be used as disturbances source locators. We provide robust, reliable, ergonomic tool, which enable quick detection of causes for communication failure.

Figure 56: Disturbance elimination with power net filters and repairing equipment that generate disturbances


3.2.3 Problem solving

Most of problems can be solved with consumer cooperation. We explain the problem to the consumer and together we detect source of the disturbances. Most common sources are switch chargers, which can be, replaced immediately or consumer’s internet or cable provider can be asked to replace malfunctioned charger. In case disturbances is caused by LED and energy saving lighting or other aging electronic devices with collapsing input filter capacitor circuit board we recommend the consumer to unplug those devices from stand by regime and plug them only when they use them (TV, computer). In case that solution is not possible, we suggest installation of filter circuit boards, which can separate user from the network on vf frequency range 3-150 kHz. Consumer can be separated entirely after the electric meter. We prefer to separate only problematic device, because price of filters rise exponentially with the rated power of the circuit board.

Group of harmonized European standard SIST EN50056 (published in EU official journal 13.5.2016) established rules and mutual relationship between different users of frequency range 3-150 kHz. Those rules are the legal base also for each participant of low voltage network in frequency range 3-150 Hz.

Frequency range of 3 to 95 kHz can only be used by distribution companies for managing the network. Network management includes collecting data from measuring points. This frequency band is prohibited from using by other users.

Maximum signal level, used for PLC communication is 134-120 dB(V).

Table 5: Permissible level of useful signal for dedicated communication on LV

Frequency range

Single phase devices

Three phase devices

Simultaneous transfer on all phases

Simultaneous transfer on all phases without neutral conductor

Single conductor transfer

3 kHz – 9 kHz 134 128 134 134

9 kHz – 95 kHz

(Broad band)

134-120* 128-114* 134-120* 134-120*

95 kHz – 148,5 kHz

Class 122

122 116 122 122

95 kHz – 148,5 kHz

Class 1334

134 128 134 134

All limited values are in dB(V).

* linearly decrease in the amplitude of the logarithm of the rising frequency

Maximum permissible disturbances level from other users of network in accordance with the standard is 89-66 dB(V).


Figure 57: Permissible environmental disturbances level on LV

3.3 Devices manufacturing and testing

We manufactured and tested special purpose devices Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) in accordance with standard SIST EN 50056-1 and 55016-1-2:2014 during Sunseed project. LISN devices simulate networks standard impedance and typical consumer.

Figure 58: Real network useful signal level measurements


Figure 59: Assembling the LISN devices for measurements high frequency disturbances on the power net

We have executed a pilot measurement. A procedure from consumer appeal to the system operator of the distribution network was running including measurement, expert opinion on network condition. All that procedures are legal basis for issuing the decision of the inspector of Energy.

Figure 60: Field measurements according SIST EN 50065-1

In our case, decision of the inspector of Energy was not needed, because both parties reach an agreement and the complaint was withdrawn.


Figure 61: Measurement results of PLC S-FSK signal on the power net

Sunseed project enable us to create, test and execute an administrative procedure for the termination of liability to solving problems connected with emitting disturbances in the power grid in the frequency range of 3-150 kHz. This procedure regulator can follow and allows a smooth and transparent implementation of new smart meters technologies.

3.4 Polygon testing – comparison between S-FSK and 3G

communications

3G communications upgrade existing communications and solve existing connectivity problems. New algorithms and entire frequency range from 3-95 kHz CENELEC A with 13 carrying frequencies allows much more robust communication connection between electrical meters and concentrator in the transformer station. Enable higher security of the data and opens possibilities for other usage of communication channels among monthly billing.

The development of 3G is going on parallel with our Sunseed project. Last year, the integrated circuits obtained a final certificate to use. Activities on development and testing products in the field and development of software applications are still ongoing.

As part of Sunseed project, we install smart meters and concentrator on polygon Razdrto. We started communication with existing S-FSK technology, and later switch it to 3G. Polygon Razdrto results providing valuable testing data for improvement of the new technology before final installation into the system. Further, involvement in this project was an opportunity to learn about new technologies and recognize opportunities, before it is available on the market. The know-how will assist DSO in selecting and preparing the necessary equipment for further use.


4 Communication network and data management report

4.1 Field Kromberk

For communications we decided to use Teltonika routers (model RUT-950) which operates on LTE 4G and other slower cellular technologies, when LTE service is unavailable.

On two specific locations in Kromberk, we decided to use the infrastructure of Elektro Primorske, who already has its fibre/Ethernet/mobile infrastructure for reading values of smart meters and aggregate it on location in Nova Gorica.

Teltonika router (model RUT-950) has 1 WAN and 3 LAN ports, 2 SIM cards, 2 WIFI and 2 LTE antennas.

We are using LAN interfaces for connectivity to WAMS SPM nodes or management of router, WIFI for over the air router management from outside the closed object (for instance over the air firmware upgrade on location) and MOBILE network to send data to the data centre.

On location Kromberk, we installed 8 Teltonika routers for LTE and 2 Cisco routers for Elektro Primorska infrastructure.

Teltonika routers connect to LTE with its own APN sunseed.ng.ts.si and it connects directly to VRF VPN-SUNSEED in IP/MPLS network of Telekom Slovenije. Then traffic is routed through network to data centre firewall, load balancer to servers in data centre (Figure 62).

Figure 62: Communication topology using LTE network

Each router has its own SIM card, username and password for mobile connection. IP address assignment for WAN is done via RADIUS and DHCP server based on username, such as sunmob1@sunseed_ng. Assigned WAN address is /32. For LAN each LTE router has its own DHCP server, which assign 10 IP addresses to WAMS SPM and uses /27 subnet mask. Each router has its own statically configured LAN IP address range so there is no NAT, just routing. All routers use NTP


server which is reachable in internal SUNSEED network and is synced to public NTP server of Telekom Slovenije.

For safety reasons and troubleshooting purposes we configured all routers to reboot at 1 AM and in case of problems we can also reboot them via SMS.

On WAN side we have enabled firewall, on which is enabled only to reach router through mobile network for management purposes (ICMP, HTTP, HTTPS, SSH) and SNMP pooling. Also is enabled to connect from WAN side to LAN side to WAMS SPM with same type of traffic rules ICMP, HTTP, HTTPS, SSH, SNMP and MUNIN traffic. The LAN side firewall allows all connections from inside to WAN side.

Routers share same configuration, which is different only in its NAME, mobile/APN settings and WAN/LAN IP addresses.

In Telekom Slovenije data centre we implemented monitoring of routers with Nagios software (Figure 63), which pulls data from routers via SNMP protocol.

Figure 63: Nagios status graph for all SUNSEED routers

We can monitor specific parameters for each router, like round trip time (Figure 64).

Figure 64: Nagios RTT graph for router TEL-KROPRIMA on location Primarna in Kromberk


Cisco routers connects to Elektro Primorske network and then via Ethernet to Telekom Slovenije network (Figure 65). Each Cisco router has its own static configured WAN IP address, and it also has its own DHCP server for LAN side to lease IP addresses to WAMS SPM.

Figure 65: Communication topology using Elektro Primorske network

All WAMS devices use either first or second way to send data to Telekom Slovenije, where measurements are stored in database.

Since beginning of SUNSEED field implementation we find that this way of communication is quite easy to handle and gives us good results and high availability.

Only problems we faced was with SNMP counters on routers, which had wrong OID parameters and SNMP process stopped to work each time few hours after reboot. We couldn’t read modem signal, connection status, SIM status and signal status. After we upgrade all routers everything works as is expected to.

4.2 Field Kneža

In this field trial location we solved the communication for WAMS and SM connections with both scenarios, A and B. Below is description for two finished location. Scenario A1 was implemented in TS Sela nad Podmelcem with proper strength of LTE signal. In TS Knežke Ravne vas the only possibility is satellite communication by scenario B.


4.2.1 Sela nad Podmelcem

Sela nad Podmelcem is a village located above village Kneža, around 10 kilometres from Kneške Ravne, where the LTE signal is weak and we have to use satellite connection. In this village we used LTE router with focused LTE antenna to get signal strong enough.

For communications we decided to use Teltonika routers, model RUT-950 which works on LTE 4G and other slower technologies if LTE signal is low. Same router is also used in other regions for SUNSEED project. Teltonika router model RUT-950 has 1 WAN and 3 LAN ports, 2 SIM cards, 2 WIFI and 2 LTE antennas.

We are using LAN interfaces for connectivity to WAMS SPM or management of router, WIFI for accessing router management from outside the closed object (as we did when we had to do a major firmware upgrade on location) and cellular network to send data to data centre.

Teltonika router connects to LTE with private APN sunseed.to.ts.si and it connects directly to VRF VPN-SUNSEED in IP/MPLS network of Telekom Slovenije. Then this traffic is routed through network to the data centre firewall, load balancer to servers in data centre (Figure 66).

Figure 66: Communication topology using LTE network

The router has a SIM card, username and password for mobile connection. IP address assignment for WAN is done via RADIUS and DHCP server based on username, such as sunmob1@sunseed_to. Assigned WAN address is /32. Each LTE router has its own DHCP server, which assign 10 IP addresses to WAMS SPM and uses /27 subnet mask. The router has its own statically configured LAN IP address range so there is no NAT, just routing. It uses NTP server which is reachable in internal SUNSEED network and is synced to public NTP server of Telekom Slovenije. For safety reasons and troubleshooting purposes we configured it to reboot at 1 AM and in case of problems we can also reboot it via SMS.

On WAN side we have enabled firewall, on which is enabled only to reach router through mobile network for management purposes (ICMP, HTTP, HTTPS, SSH) and SNMP pooling. Also is allowed to connect from WAN side to LAN side to WAMS SPM with same type of traffic rules ICMP, HTTP, HTTPS, SSH, SNMP and MUNIN traffic. On LAN side firewall allows all connections from inside to WAN side.


In Telekom Slovenije data centre we implemented monitoring of routers with Nagios software (Figure 67), which pulls data from router via SNMP protocol.

Figure 67: Nagios status graph for router in Sela nad Podmelcem

We can also monitor other parameters like round trip time (Figure 68).

Figure 68: Nagios RTT graph for router TEL-TOSELPOD on location Sela nad Podmelcem

Currently everything works as is expected to.

4.2.2 Knežke Ravne

Kneža valley represents a specific region with no presence of cellular or any other wired communications network operated by usual Telcos. Since Kneža is rarely populated location in mountain region (ie. Julian Alps), such situation is not surprise after all. However, with geostationary satellite communication solution set in Kneža field trial (precisely, in Kneške Ravne village) and described here, we enable connection of WAMS devices at almost any location with such natural challenging properties. Such type of communication represents general internet access regarding Sunseed infrastructure, ie. Sunseed infrastructure must provide all security mechanisms regarding authentication, data integrity and privacy.


In particular, communication with geostationary satellite is possible almost everywhere, ie. the only requirement is obstacle free line-of-sight between user’s satellite dish and geostationary satellite (in our case Eutelsat KA-SAT satellite positioned at 9° East). Even so, environments like narrow valleys and mountains might not be perfect since we can expect surrounding ridges and rich vegetation in certain regions. Selecting an appropriate place to mount the satellite dish should be therefore considered very seriously and could not be always simply defined computationally without physical visit of site. Positioning of the dish depends on geolocation, in case of Sunseed Kneža field trial we need to point dish to 36,92° in elevation and 185,55° in azimuth (coordinates of certain location where satellite antenna is mounted are N 46,215681° and E 13,825930°). Mountain ridges are far away enough to not disturb line-of-sight to satellite (figure 56).

Figure 69: View towards south, ie. direction in which satellite antenna is positioned to.

During the examination of possible locations, we decided to mount satellite antenna on medium-voltage pole where there are voltage transformer and power delivery box mounted too (Figure 70). Location chosen is suitable regarding measurements (power delivery box is directly connected to photo-voltaic plant and also to two users) and regarding communication via satellite.


Figure 70: Mounting satellite antenna dish on the medium-voltage pole.

After mounting antenna and coarse positioning of it, fine positioning is needed. This is quite demanding task since SNR of 10 dB must be meet. Satellite modem includes tool for precise positioning of the antenna (Figure 58), therefore additional equipment is not needed.

Figure 71: Fine pointing antenna dish tool within modem’s GUI.


Satellite technology operates in Ka-band, ie. (27.5 – 31) GHz in uplink and (17.7 – 21.2) GHz in downlink – particulary: (29.5 – 30) GHz and (19.7 – 20.2) GHz. Maximum achievable bit rate via certain satellite is 50 Mbit/s, while for our case study with 22 Mbit/s in download and 6 Mbit/s in upload will meet requirements.

Telcos, including Telekom Slovenije, usually do not operate satellites, so we must rely to (third party) satellite ISP. In certain case, the satellite ISP is Italian based company Skylogic s.p.a. which uses Eutelsat satellite fleet. As mentioned earlier, satellite connection means pure internet access and incorporates no additional security features otherwise required in Sunseed infrastructure. Those features must be provided on OSI Layer 3 and higher (eg. VPN tunnel).

Equipment for satellite communication includes:

- antenna dish (77 cm in diameter), - transmit and receive integrated assembly (TRIA), - modem Tooway Surfbeam 2, - RG-6 coaxial cable (75 Ohm).

Previously we mentioned possible issues with mounting antenna dish. Another disadvantage of satellite communication is high latency. We may expect at least 700 ms delay in such system which should be considered while designing the system as whole. Therefore dynamic of processes regarding WAMS SPM should be adapted to latency limitations.

Figure 72: Communication and measurement equipment placed inside the power delivery box.

As within other communication techniques there is also the need to monitor certain parameters, main one is Signal-To-Noise Ratio (SNR). In OSS system we can find SNR value, traffic/bitrate, state of connection (up/down) and L3 connectivity (state of IP address lease), Figure 73, Figure 74, Figure 75.


Figure 73: SNR graph in OSS system (downstream and upstream SNR) – observation period is 1 week.

Figure 74: State of connection graph in OSS system (online or offline) – observation period is 1 month.


Figure 75: Traffic graph in OSS system – observation period is 2 days.

As mentioned previously, in case of Sunseed, satellite communication provides (only) general internet access. On the terrestrial side of satellite ISP, there is a gateway to internet and DHCP server for satellite internet users, to mention just two of most important functions. At user’s location (eg. Sunseed field trial location Kneža), satellite modem enables L3 connectivity to CPE (in certain case this is InHand router) which obtain its IP address from ISP’s DHCP server, while modem itself does not obtain IP address through DHCP. Topology is depicted in Figure 75.

Despite the latter, modem owes fixed IP (192.168.100.1) and therefore provides GUI where certain parameters could be monitored (SNR value, speed-test probe, connection state etc.). Only one CPE behind modem could obtain access to internet, therefore router (InHand) is necessary whenever more than one CPE should have internet access. This might be neglected in our case where all of the equipment on the site communicates via VPN tunnel and only router therefore needs internet connectivity. Anyway, it might be useful to allow more than one CPE behind modem to be able to access internet – in this case, those CPEs should be connected to router, while we should add appropriate (static) routes into its configuration.


SATELLITE

ISP

FWROUTER

ROUTER

SERVERS

FW

WAMS

DHCP

CLIENT

192.168.1.0

WAN

SAT

MODEMLAN

LAN

LAN

WAN

VRF

SUNSEED

DHCP

SERVER

10.161.129.1

193.77.30.39

(delivered

from Sat. ISP)

VPN

VPN-GW

10.161.128.1/24

VPN-SAT1

10.161.128.10/24

R 10.161.129.0/27

utp Cat5e

utp Cat5e

INTERNET

coax

DHCP serverOSS system

internet GW192.168.100.1

Figure 76: Communication topology in case of Kneške Ravne.


5 Data visualization and exchange portal (GIS)

5.1 The role of the GIS in Sunseed project

Application sunGIS, s a special version of the TS open source web-based GIS application mGISmap, has been developed for the representation of geospatial information within the SUNSEED project.

The use of application, basic principles and work with its full responsive designed GUI were described in detail in deliverable D4.1.2.

The application covers all field trial locations, Kromberk (Gorica), Bonifika (Koper), Razdrto (Sežana) and Kneža (Tolmin).

The basic role of the sunGIS application in Sunseed project is to provide:

spatial information and orientation, using general geographic and cartographic layers,

information about the energetic and telecommunication infrastructure, using infrastructure spatial data layers from TS, EP and SUNSEED (SM and WAMS nodes,…),

situation awareness (monitoring) of the grid network, using all categories of dynamic data, available for the implemented field trial grid nodes - sunGIS application should provide comprehensive and clear overview of ”what is going on” in the network with information about the:

- location of the violation, - area of influence and, - severity level of the violation

5.2 Implemented spatial data layers

All spatial data layers, implemented in sunGIS application can generally be divided in the Background, Static and Dynamic spatial data layers. The background layers are displayed under (behind) all other overlay layers. All other spatial data layers are classified with appropriate Core (category) and Workspace (data source provider) tag, which serves for marking and filtering.

Background spatial data layers

Currently there are seven OSM layers available: Standard, Cycle, Transport, Transport dark, Landscape, Outdoors, Humanitarian.

Static spatial data layers

Static spatial data layers, marked with General and Infrastructure Core tag, contain the following layers:

General static spatial data layers (all general geographic and cartographic layers) are:

- Country border - Elektro Primorska border - Register of house numbers (addresses)


Infrastructure spatial data layers (from TS, EP and Sunseed or grid (SM and WAMS nodes,…), marked with Infrastructure Core tag are:

- Elektro Primorska (EP) - Power nodes - Power lines

- Distributed generation - MW remote controlled switches - MW manual switches - MV poles - LV poles - House consoles

- Telekom Slovenije (TS) - GSM, UMTS, LTE radio access network base stations and cells - GSM, UMTS and LTE radio access network coverage

- Sunseed (Grid) - Smart meters - WAMS SPM and WAMS PMC nodes

Dynamic spatial data layers

Dynamic spatial data layers, marked with Monitoring (Status) Core tag and Sunseed workspace tag contain spatial data layers providing 6 main dynamic data categories:

- Energy - State estimation,

- Load forecasting - FPAI

- Communication - Security and eUICC authentication data

Currently only Energy and Communication data are available.

Two stages of data presentation

Graphical

Presented nodes are visually displayed on the map in form of points/lines/areas/etc. The colour, shape or size of individual node indicate the state, based on the selected parameter value of the node.

Textual

Presented in balloon or pop-up window. Data for the particular node are displayed when a user perform “click” or “mouse over” on the displayed node on the map. Generated text is a summary of all the key parameter values for the chosen node.


5.2.1 Graphical data presentation

Symbology and visualization principles will be presented and explained on the Kromberk (Gorica) field trial location (Figure 77).

Figure 77: Kromberk field trial location with EP Electrical power lines and Distributed generation infrastructure layers

The symbol of every dynamic data category is represented as a triangle, whose peak is positioned at the grid node location. In this way all six categories of dynamic layers form a hexagon. Colour and direction of every triangle denotes a category of dynamic data ()Figure 81.


Figure 78: Kromberk field trial location with implemented WAMS locations, denoted with symbols of all possible monitoring dynamic data categories

From the top (north) clockwise the following monitoring dynamic data categories denoted with the triangle direction and colour are:

1. WAMS energy (0 deg, sky blue) 2. State estimation (60 deg, turquoise blue) 3. Security and eUICC authentication data (120 deg, deep pink) 4. Communication (180 deg, fuchsia) 5. FPAI (240 deg, purple) 6. Load forecasting (300 deg, blue)

Figure 79: symbols of all dynamic data categories

Each monitored parameter from any category can have one of four states and three levels of warnings, regarding the size of the deviation from the expected parameter values. Each level of warning is represented with the symbol placed under the symbol of its corresponding category. Three levels of warnings, marked with the symbol and colour are:

1. minor deviation (light green) 2. major deviation (orange) 3. critical deviation (red)


Figure 80: monitoring dynamic data category WAMS Energy with warning levels

Figure 81: Kromberk field trial location with implemented WAMS locations, denoted with symbols of all possible monitoring data categories and three warning levels

For every grid node any category of dynamic data can be selected. Figure 81 shows symbol for all dynamic data categories and all levels of warning. In case of such GIS graphical representation of the dynamic data categories states and therefore the actual “state” for this grid node would be:

1. Dynamic data categories where all parameter values are normal: Data category 1 WAMS energy (0 deg, sky blue) Data category 3 Security and eUICC authentication data (120 deg, deep pink) Data category 5 FPAI (240 deg, purple)

2. Data categories where at least one of monitored parameters deviation cause minor warning:

Data category 2 - State estimation (60 deg, turquoise blue) 3. Data category where at least one of monitored parameters deviation cause major warning Data category 4 - Communication (180 deg, fuchsia) 4. Data category where at least one of monitored parameters deviation cause critical warning


Data category 6 - Load forecasting (300 deg, blue)

Figure 82: symbols of all dynamic data categories and all levels of warning

5.3 Textual data presentation

With “click” on the location of the grid node, the information for all parameters of the dynamic data categories, visible on the map is presented in Info window. In the first step Info window shows the list of layers with at least one element found at the clicked location. Figure 83 shows the Info window with the name of the layer WAMS energy that appeared with the “click” on the location of the WAMS SPM, installed at the electrical node, transformer station Kotlarna TP.

With click on the name of the layer WAMS energy, we get the data for WAMS elements found on the location. Figure 84 shows all data for the WAMS SPM. The background of all dynamic monitored parameters are coloured in accordance with the state of the monitored parameter. In this particular case the states of all monitored parameters (V1, V2, V3) are normal so the background colour is green.

All monitored parameters of all displayed dynamic data categories for the selected node can also be displayed with the hover function. When a user perform “mouse over” on the particular node on the map, the generated text is a summary of all monitored parameter values for the chosen node.

Figure 83: Info window with the name of the layer WAMS Energy


Figure 84: Info window with the WAMS SPM data

Figure 85: Kromberk field trial location with Smart meter voltage monitoring layer


The same visualization principles are implemented also for Smart meters. Figure 85 shows Kromberk field trial location with Smart meter voltage monitoring layer. The colour of the Smart meter symbol denotes the level of deviation from the expected parameter value.

Figure 86: Smart meter symbol with warning level colours

Figure 87: Info window with the name of the layer Smart meter voltage


Figure 88: Info window with the Smart meter 17533 Avtocenter ABC Kromberk parameters

Because the monitored parameter “Max voltage difference” deviates less than 5 % from the normal value, the background colour of the parameter value is green.


6 Conclusion

Main goal of this deliverable is to give a clear picture and information about whole work done on all field trial location which could be divided on physical installation part in power grid, connection of smart meters and establishing communication connections for installed devices (WAMS, data concentrators and smart meters).

This report gives the information about installed power, communication and synchronization equipment for one WAMS SPM. Real time measurements obtained from WMAS SPM are main inputs for state estimations which core algorithm needs data just from nodes in transformer station MV/LV and main supply substation. Communication solutions for WAMS connection were designed in D5.1.2 and more precisely updated and described in D3.3.2. We distinguish two communication scenarios, where WAMS (SPM/PMC) are connected through mobile or fixed modem/router (Scenario A) and WAMS SPM are using satellite modem/router (Scenario B, Figure 3). Scenario A is further divided into three sub-scenarios, where the gateway (modem/router) could connects to the LTE network (scenario A.1), UMTS network (scenario A.2) or xDSL/FTTH network (scenario A.3).

Smart meters use mobile or fixed modems/routers as gateways via mobile or fixed network. We highlight two distinct scenarios, where smart meters are connected to PLC data concentrator, which is connected to mobile or fixed modem/router (Scenario C) or they are connected to mobile or fixed modem/router via RS485 to Ethernet converter (Scenario D). In project 781 of residential smart meters with 24 PLC data concentrators were installed. On field trial we also have of 97 industrial smart meters near customers exceeding current limitations of 63 A which were installed before Sunseed project has started.

Smart meters with PLC data concentrators are installed on all locations, on the other hand implementation of WAMS devices and communication installations deviate regarding plans. The final state of installed WAMS SPM on field trial is the following:

1) Location Kromberk: a. 13 WAMS SPM on 10 locations.

2) Location Bonifika: a. 8 WAMS SPM on 4 locations.

3) Location Razdrto, where: a. 13 WAMS SPM on 13 locations

4) Location Kneža: a. 4 WAMS SPM on 3 locations.

The compressed information about final status on all field trial locations regarding WAMS SPM and SM is shown on Table 6.

Communication on field trial was completely implemented an all locations regarding communications scenarios designed in project. Most often (location Kromber and Razdrto) the mobile communication network solutions by scenario A were used. In this case we use LAN interfaces for connectivity to WAMS SPM or management of router, WIFI for accessing router management for major firmware upgrade on location without the need or physical access and mobile network to send data to data centre. On one specific locations in Kromberk, we decided to use the infrastructure of Elektro Primorska, who already has its mobile infrastructure for reading values of smart meters and aggregate it on location in Nova Gorica. In field trial location Kneža we solved communication for WAMS and SM connection with both scenarios, A and B. Scenario A1 was implemented in TS Sela nad Podmelcem with proper strength of LTE signal. In TS Knežke Ravne vas the only possibility is satellite


communication by scenario B. Field trial location Razdrto is connected through mobile communication network by scenario A1 and A2 and location Kromberk just with scenario A1. For all WAMS SPM devices connected in main supply substations and switching station Razdrto we use existing Elektro Primorska MPLS communication infrastructure on fiber physical layer (scenario A3).

Since beginning of SUNSEED field implementation we find that communication over LTE is quite easy to develop and maintain and gives us good performance results and high uptime. We didn't had any significant problems with telecommunication devices even in regions, where mobile signal levels are low.

Due to absence of mobile and fixed infrastructure, communication in Kneške Ravne is provided by link via geostationary satellite (scenario B). Communication link provides layer 3 connectivity, therefore security mechanisms are provided using VPN tunnel between Sunseed's core network firewall and router which is connected to modem, while WAMS and smart meters are connected to router's LAN ports. Data from smart meters and WAMS are sent through secure VPN channel to database. Using satellite technology, relatively long latency should be considered, ie. round-trip-time in range of 700 ms, as well impact of weather should also not be neglected – especially heavy rain, snow and thick fog could cause temporary communication link failures. Otherwise, such type of communication has been proven as relatively stable and reliable.

Another issue we try to focus in Sunseed field trial is PLC communication performance measurements after installation of smart meters where we face with disturbances caused by load devices which do not meet requirements from EMC standards. This is a reason why PLC communications does not provide 100 % reliability of remote reading. Distribution companies approached to these problems in different ways. Regarding detecting sources of network disturbances, and solving problems with them, pioneer work is going on. We developed and test new method for disturbances detection in Sunseed project. The method enable localization of the branch that caused disturbances with almost 100% accuracy. Devices for disturbances detection are already available on the market. We create adapter circuit boards for those devices, which allow same devices to be used as disturbances source locators. The result is robust, reliable, ergonomic tool, which enable quick detection of causes for communication failure.

All the results reflecting current status on field trial are visible on GIS portal called SunGIS. The basic role of the sunGIS application in Sunseed project is to provide spatial information and orientation using general geographic and cartographic layers and information about the energetic and telecommunication infrastructure using infrastructure spatial data layers from TS, EP and SUNSEED (SM and WAMS nodes,…). The most valuable service is situation awareness (monitoring) of the grid network using all categories of dynamic data, available for the implemented field trial grid nodes - sunGIS application should provide comprehensive and clear overview of ”what is going on” in the network with information about the location of the violation, area of influence and severity level of the violation.


Table 6: Summary of functional locations in all field trial locations with basic installation data.

Field trial

location



(TS) or Main Suply

Substation (MSS)

Communication

scenario for

WAMS SPM

connection

Nm. of

WAMS SPM

Nm. Of WAMS

PMC

Modem/Router

name

Communication

scenario for

residental smart

meters

Number of

Data

concetrato

rs

Number of

PLC

residental

smart

meters

Number of non

PLC residental

smart meters

Communication

scenario for

industrial

smart meters

Number of

industrial

smart

meters

Installation

finished

13 6 92 35

1. MSS Gorica 110/20 kV A3 1Cisco WS-

C3560G-24PSnot presented not presented 20.09.2016

2. Pikolud A1 1Teltronika

RUT950 (LTE)C 1 23 D 4 20.09.2016

3. A+A A1 1Teltronika


4. Jogi A1 1Teltronika

RUT950C 1 8 D 2 12.10.2016

5. SE Meblo Jogi A1 1Teltronika


6. Površinska A1 1Teltronika

RUT950 (LTE)C 1 23 D 5 10.10.2016

7. Kotlarna A1 3Cisco

CGR1120/K9SC 2 23 D 14 28.09.2016

8. Primarna A1 1Teltronika


9. MFE Ilmest A1 2Teltronika


10. Meblo A1 1Teltronika

RUT950 (LTE)C 1 15 D 3 21.09.2016

8 4 465 43

1. MSS Dekani 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 02.03.2017

2. MSS Koper 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 03.02.2017

3. MSS Lucija 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 17.02.2013

4. SS Izola 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 2.2..2017


6. Agraria not presented not presented D 1

7. Bonifika 1 not presented 2 C 1 73 D 9

8. Bonifika 3 not presented not presented D 7

9. Špar not presented not presented D 1

10. Črpališče Kanal grande not presented C 1 4 D 5

11. Koper 3 (DVTP) not presented C 1 354 D 6

12. Markovec vzhod not presented not presented D 1

13 7 146 91. MSS Postojna 110/20 kV A3 1 not presented not presented 21.12.2016

2. SS Razdrto A3 1 1 C 1 7 not presented 09.01.2017

3. Profiles peletirnica A1 1 not presented D 1 07.03.2017

4. Razdrto vas A1 1 1 C 1 61 not presented 11.01.2017

5. KZ Razdrto A1 1 1 C 1 10 not presented 19.04.2016

6. Kovinoplastika not presented D 1 D 2

7. Razdrto A1 1 not presented D 1 11.01.2017

8. Razdrto Kamnolom A1 1 not presented D 1 30.01.2017

9. Asfaltna baza Laže A1 1 not presented D 1 30.01.2017

10. Separacija Laže A1 1 1 not presented 3 not presented 17.02.2017

11. Laže A2 1 C 1 29 not presented 06.04.2016

12. Asfaltna baza Senožeče A1 D 1 D 1

13. Ravni A2 1 C 1 3 3 not presented 07.03.2017

14. Senožeče 1 A2 1 C 1 22 not presented 09.03.2017

15. Nanos not presented not presented D 1

16. Hruševje mlin not presented D 3 not presented

17. Tri hiše A2 1 C 1 11 not presented 17.06.2016

18. MVE Razdrto A2 not presented D 1

4 7 78 101. MSS Tolmin 110/20 kV A3 2 not presented not presented 24.02.2017

2. Zuza not presented not presented D 1

3. Klavže A1 C 1 36 D 1

4. Borovnica A1 C 1 5 not presented

5.Sela nad Podmelcem A1 1

Teltronika

RUT950 C 1 20D 1

28.10.2016

6. Logar not presented D 1 1 not presented

7. Loje not presented C 1 5 not presented

8. Mohor not presented not presented 2 D 2

9. Knežke Ravne B C 1 4 not presented

10. Knežke Ravne vas B 1

modem RM 4100

Satellite, router

Inhand IR915P

C 1 5 D 1 18.10.2016

11. HE Podmelec not presented not presented D 1

12. MHE Kneža not presented not presented D 1

13. mHE Knežke Ravne 2 not presented not presented D 1

14. mHE Strmec Hvala not presented not presented D 1

0 38 24 781 97

KNEŽA (TOLMIN)

KROMBERK (NOVA GORICA)

BONIFIKA (KOPER)

RAZDRTO (SEŽANA)

D5.2 Field Trial Equipment Installation and Power...

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