D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow
Click here to load reader
-
Upload
auxnavalia -
Category
Technology
-
view
1.812 -
download
0
Transcript of D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow
![Page 1: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Ship Stability Research Centre (SSRC) Expertise
George MermirisResearch Fellow
Presentation on the 26th of January in Galicia, Spain
![Page 3: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Outline• SSRC Introduction • Decision-support systems• Damage stability & survivability • Software platform for RBD implementation and tool integration• Multi-objective / Multi-criteria design optimisation • Marine hydrodynamics (Potential code, RANSE, SPH, etc.) • Manoeuvring • Onboard systems availability • Fire simulation• Evacuation and pedestrian dynamics simulation (EVE/EVI) • Crashworthiness and residual strength assessment • Utilisation of databases in design and operation • Energy efficiency of ships and ship systems (DEMO)
![Page 4: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• University of Strathclyde, Glasgow (www.strath.ac.uk)
• Member of the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering (www.strath.ac.uk/na-me)
SSRC Introduction
![Page 5: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SSRC IntroductionMission statement“To tackle, from a foundation of academic strength, problems of fundamental, strategic and applied nature, aiming to enhance understanding and knowledge in the fields of ship dynamics, stability and safety and to contribute to the development of cost-effective solutions and application to best practice of ship design/operation/regulation”
![Page 6: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• To develop critical technologies of measuring safety level by addressing operational, extreme, accidental and catastrophic scenarios, accounting for the human element, and integrate these into a design environment
• To develop and implement effective procedures for safe, secure and economic operation of ships and for enhanced training
• To establish suitable risk-based-life-cycle design and regulatory frameworks to facilitate the implementation of first principles approaches to safety assurance
• To bridge the technological gap between front end research and industry best practice, to offer enhanced safety through innovation
SSRC Introduction
![Page 7: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Director: Prof. Dracos Vassalos • Staff: 20
• 8 ongoing research projects
SSRC Introduction
![Page 8: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Decision-support system (Integrated Standard - iSTAND)• Monitoring of ship status• – Monitoring of sensors / alarms concerning flooding / fire / explosion /• – Status of relevant actuators (WT doors, valves, slide doors,, fire fighting, etc.)• • Diagnosis / Prognosis• – Evaluation of time evolution of ship status (current and forecast)• – Evaluation of residual functionality of pertinent critical systems• – Evaluation of mustering / abandonment, as appropriate• – Evaluation of proposed actions by operator (e.g., compartment sealing, bilge• pump activation, boundary cooling and so on)• • Advising• – Proposed procedure to be followed for the specific emergency and current• ship condition, supported by suitable advisory information.• – Dynamic evaluation of the proposed procedure based on new ship status and• the result of actions taken• • Execution and follow-up• – Execution of the proposed procedure• – Triggering of actions
![Page 9: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Decision-support system (Integrated Standard - iSTAND)
![Page 10: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Damage stability & Survivability
Parametric subdivision and layout for damage stability and survivability in conceptual ship design
Addition ofwatertight subdivision above freeboard deck.
![Page 11: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Damage stability & SurvivabilityIn order to study the behaviour of the damaged ship in waves we need to produce as detailed a model of it as possible
Through time-domain simulations we get information about ship movements and flood water mass and location as well as floating position and ship dynamics.
![Page 12: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Damage stability & SurvivabilityVisualisation of the test cases can allow us to follow the flood water progress and trace any vulnerabilities in a particular design
We can also determine the significant wave height a ship can survive so as to check compliance with damage stability regulations
![Page 13: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Damage stability & SurvivabilityThe process can be verified and enhanced by physical experimenting. Again the models used are highly elaborate and detailed and testing is carried out for various loading conditions and sea states as well as various damage cases.
![Page 14: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Damage stability & Survivability
Further enhance the ttc model
No Yes
Damage scenarios identification
Analytical “time-to-capsize” (ttc) model assess survivability
in a range of sea conditions
Numerical simulation
e.g. PROTEUS3
Model experiments
Data collection and
analysis
Establishment of uncertainty bounds
on ttc model
Comparison of the “cumulative probability of capsize” within given time
between analytical model and first-principle approaches
Whether experimental cases fit the proposed
ttc model ?
Uncertainty bound to be used as decision-making
criteria for measuring ship vulnerability
)(
||dataf
HsdatafHsdataHs
![Page 15: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Damage stability & SurvivabilityProjects: - SAFEDOR (www.safedor.org) - FLOODSTAND (http://www.tkk.fi/Units/Ship/Research/FloodStand/Public/index.html ) - GOALDS (N/A)
Publications: - Jasionowski, A, "Fast and accurate flooding prediction - analytical model,"
SAFEDOR, D2.1.3. , November 2006. - Jasionowski, A, Vassalos, D, Scott, A, “Ship Vulnerability to Flooding”, 3rd
International Maritime Conference on Design for Safety, Berkeley California, Sept 26 28th, 2007.
- Jasionowski, A, Vassalos, D, “Technical Summary of the Investigation on The Sinking Sequence of MV Estonia”, Safety at Sea Report No VIES01-RE-005-AJ, May 2008.
![Page 16: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
RBD Implementation / Tool integration
• Integration of tools to carry out design spiral activities– Centralised control of design process– Access to parametric data and files– Instant reflection of any design change in all design
objectives– Result visualisation– Data analysis & decision supportIntegrated
tools and data
Design iterations/versions
Data dependency analysis
Comparison of design versions
![Page 17: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
RBD Implementation / Tool integrationProjects: - SAFEDOR (www.safedor.org) Integration of design (NAPA) and risk estimation (fire and flooding risks by SSRC) and various simulation (evacuation, smoke/heat propagation by SSRC) tools for carrying out Risk Based Design - VIRTUE (www.virtual-basin.org) Integration of various CFD and design tools for comprehensive hydrodynamic optimisation; coupling RANSE and potential codes - BESSTIntegration of design and risk estimation tools for sensitivity analysis
Publications: 1. Vanem E., Puisa R., and Skjong R., ‘Standardized risk models for formal safety assessment of maritime transportation’, in Proceedings of the ASME 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, May 31 – June 5, 2009, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.2. Puisa, R. and Vassalos, D., 'Design for safety with minimum life-cycle cost', 10th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles, St. Petersburg, Russia, 2009.3. Puisa, R. and Vassalos, D. ‘Deriving parametric models for goal-based design of ship concepts’, in the International Conference on Computer Applications in Shipbuilding (ICCAS 2009), 1-3 September 2009, Shanghai, China.
![Page 18: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Multi-objective / Multi-criteria design optimisation
Global parametric modelSoftware integration is key to
carry out optimisation in RBD
![Page 19: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Multi-objective / Multi-criteria design optimisation
Projects: • SAFEDOR (www.safedor.org) Optimisation of passenger ships (cruisers and ropax) towards maximum safety level (flooding + fire risks), maximum space functionality, minimum building and operational costs, maximum earnings• VIRTUE (www.virtual-basin.org) - Propeller – rudder – hull optimisation- Cavitating propeller optimisation with new developed cavitaiton models (RANSE + panel codes)
Publications:
Tsakalakis, N., Vassalos, D. and Puisa, R., ‘Goal-based subdivision and layout’, in 10th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles, St Petersburg, 2009.
![Page 20: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamicsProjects: - EFFISES (Air-lifted catamaran) Air-hydrodynamics, dynamic stability, wash wave prediction, 3d planing
Fn=0.50, Tao=0.275
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
-4 -2 0 2 4
x/a
Non
-dim
ensi
onal
fr
ee s
urfa
ce
Re, presentRe , Doctors 'Im , presentIm , Doctors '
13.514.5
15.516.5
17.518.5
19.520.5
21.5
0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 1.10cushion height (m), Qin0=75m^3/s
Xg (m
, mea
sure
d fr
om s
tern
)stable
unstable
![Page 21: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Publications:– Xie N, Vassalos D, Jasionowski A, Sayer P: “A Seakeeping analysis for an air-
lifted catamaran”, Ocean Engineering, vol 35, pp1512-1520, 2007.– Xie N, Vassalos D, Jasionowski A: “A study of hydrodynamics of 3d planing
surface”, Ocean Engineering, vol.32, pp1539-1555, 2005.– Xie N, Jasionowski A, Vassalos D: “Evaluation of wash wave of the air-lifted
catamaran”, PRADS’04, 2004, Germany.– Xie N, Jasionowski A, Vassalos D: “A numerical method for prediction of wash
waves of SES”, Journal of Ship Mechanics, vol.8, No.6, 2004.– Xie N, Vassalos D: “Performance analysis of 3D hydrofoil under free surface”,
Ocean Engineering, vol.34, pp1257-1264, 2007– Vassalos D, Xie N, Jasionowski A, Konovessis D: “Stability and safety analysis of
the air-lifted catamaran”, Journal of Ship and Offshore Structures, vol.3, No.2, pp91-98,2008.
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 22: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Projects: - COMPASS Performance of High Speed Craft, hydrofoil, Resistance prediction with 3D panel method, yacht, multi-hull, hydrofoil, motion prediction with ride control, etc.
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 23: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
NACA4412, h/c=1.0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0
Fc
CL
present
2D - Yeung
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 24: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
• Publications:– Xie N, Vassalos D, Sayer P: “The Effect of lift on the wave-making resistance of
multi-hull craft”, International Shipbuilding Progress, vol. 54, No.2-3, pp83-95, 2007.
– Xie N, Vassalos D: “A study of effect of steady flow on unsteady motion of high speed craft”, Proceedings of International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean Conference, 2005.
– Xie N, Vassalos D: “Performance analysis of 3D hydrofoil under free surface”, Ocean Engineering, vol.34, pp1257-1264, 2007
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 25: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Projects: - VIRTUE (www.virtual-basin.org) Prediction of roll hydrodynamic property of ship with RANSE
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6
w '
b44
Model test - Yeung (1998)
Model test - Vugts (1968)
RANSE - present
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 26: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
• Publications:– Xie N, Vassalos D, Lee B S: “Prediction of roll hydrodynamics of cylinders fitted
with bilge keel with RANSE”, Journal of Ship Mechanics, vol.10, No.6, pp839-847, 2007.
– Xie N, Vassalos D: “Numerical prediction of hydrodynamics of plate in forced roll oscillation on the free surface”, to be published.
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 27: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Projects: - SHIPARRESTOR (FP7) Performance simulation of a marine salvage system consists of disabled tanker, sea anchor and towing line in wind, wave and current; • Research contents:
– Determination of environment force (including 2nd order wave force);– Simulation of behaviour of the ship-anchor-line system in wind, wave and current;– Prediction of drifting velocity of the distressed ship before and after using the
salvage system;– Estimate of extreme loads in the towing line during the operation.
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 28: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Parachute sea anchor TankerTowing line
100kt, w ith 30m sea anchor
0.0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Vw(kn)
V(kn
)
Hs=2.5m
Hs=3.5m
Hs=4.5m
D=30m, 150kt
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Vw(kn)(k
N))
Hs=2.5mHs=3.5mHs=4.5m
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 29: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamics
Small Particle Hydrodynamics SPH
This meshless code could solve strong nonlinear free surface flows easily and efficiently. With parallel technique, 3D case with millions of particles could come true. Sloshing, slamming and flooding cases have been investigated so far.
![Page 30: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamics
Sloshing wave height3D sloshing
T(s)
F(N
)
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.0250
2000
4000
6000
8000
Slamming forceWedge slamming Ship slamming
![Page 31: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamics
Passenger/RoRo ship flooding
3D Instant flooding
Wave height in damaged compartment
![Page 32: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamics
Projects: - VIRTUE (http://www.virtual-basin.org)
Publications: L.Shen, D,Vassalos, Applications of 3D Parallel SPH for Sloshing and Flooding. P. 723-733, 10th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles
![Page 33: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamics
161
Box
744 1248 1228
550
1000
496
Box
Water
496
403
496
161
H4 H3 H2 H1
Water
H4 H3 H2 H1
1150
1000
Door
Numerical investigation on the impact of dam break flow on a structure
![Page 34: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamicsNumerical study on tank sloshing
WaterH1 H3H2
570
300
20285
20
Horizontal motion
150
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20-0.010
-0.008
-0.006
-0.004
-0.002
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.010
0.012
t (s)
(m
)
Present computation Analytical solution Experimental result
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
t (s)
(m
)
Present computation Analytical solution Experimental result
![Page 35: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamicsNumerical simulation of water flooding into a damaged compartment
![Page 36: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Marine hydrodynamics
Projects: - VIRTUE (http://www.virtual-basin.org) - SHOAL (www.bmt.org/News/?/3/0/510)
Publications: Gao, Z., Vassalos, D., Gao, Q., “A multiphase CFD method for prediction of floodwater dynamics”, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles, St. Petersburg, p. 307-316, 2009
![Page 37: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
SHOAL (www.roboshoal.com) SHOAL is a collaborative project under FP7 Its main objective is the searching and monitoring of Harmful contaminants, other pollutants and leaks in vessels in port using a swarm of robotic fish.
Role of SSRC: Analysis and validation of hydrodynamic performance of robotic fish Simulation of robotic fish movement Experiment studies of robotic fish motion Assessment of robotic fish design
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 38: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
• Q. Gao, D. Vassalos “The Study of Hull-Propeller Interaction by RANSE”, the 6 th International Workshop on Ship Hydrodynamics, Jan 9-12, 2010, Harbin
• Q. Gao, D. Vassalos “Simulation of wave effect on ship hydrodynamics by RANSE”, STAB, St Petersburg, June, 2009
• Q. Gao, D. Vassalos, “Computational Hydrodynamic Derivatives by Numerical PMM”, RINA MARINE-CFD, Southampton, 26 March 2008
• Q. Gao, D. Vassalos “Computational hydrodynamic derivative”, ISOPE-2007 Lisbon Paper No 2007-JSC-152• Q. Gao, V. Shiganov, D. Vassalos “Numerical Simulation of Yaw Effect”, 4th International Conference on Marine
Hydrodynamics, Mar. 2005, Southampton • Q. Gao, “Numerical Simulation of Damage Ship Flooding”, 7th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium, Hamburg,
Oct. 2004• Q. Gao, Dracos Vassalos “Numerical Simulation of Free Surface Flow around KCS”, International Symposium on
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Shanghai, Sep. 2003L.Shen, D,Vassalos, Applications of 3D Parallel SPH for Sloshing and Flooding. P. 723-733, 10th International
Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean VehiclesGao, Z., Vassalos, D., Gao, Q., 2009. A multiphase CFD method for prediction of floodwater dynamics. In: Proceedings
of the 10th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles, St. Petersburg, 307-316.
Marine hydrodynamics
![Page 39: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Wave crest at stern
Wave crest at midship
Manoeuvring
Sea anchor
Cableship
current
wave
wind
wave
Y/LX
/L-4-20246810
-4
-2
0
2
4 Free driftTowed by sea anchor
time
[de
g]
wav
e[m
]
0 50 100 150 200-20
-10
0
10
20
-4
-2
0
2
4rollwave
Parametric roll in head sea
Y/L
X/L
-6-4-20246
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
0
2
4
6
8
wave
Turning circle in waves
![Page 40: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Manoeuvring
Projects:- SafeCrafts : Development of novel LSA system
- Assessment of manoeuvring behaviour in severe weather- ShipArrestor : Development of novel savage system
- Performance of salvage system by ship motion simulation- SAFEDOR (www.safedor.org)
- Benchmark test for parametric roll phenomenon
Publications: N/A
![Page 41: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Systems availability
Integrated platform combining probabilistic stability framework with Boolean toolbox for qualitative and quantitative assessment of availability of onboard systems and functions.C
A
{& A {| B C}}
![Page 42: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Systems availability Quantification of spatially distributed systems by means of unavailability rates and performance for static and dynamic structures.
System/Design Existing New New+RCO†
Emergency 0.49 0.68 0.55
Machinery [Deck/Cargo] 0.62 0.66 0.34
Navigation 0.17 0.51 0.01
Propulsion 0.36 0.68 0.33
Steering 0.45 0.33 0.01
![Page 43: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Systems availability
• Real-time system assessment for decision support platform in service and emergencies.
• Real-time automatic and semi-automatic action design for crisis management and casualty mitigation (e.g. Bilge/Ballast actions within iStand survivability module).
• Interactive restoring-actions module for system/function restoration.
![Page 44: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Systems availabilityProjects:
Publications:
SAFEDOR WP 3.4 – Tool developmentSAFEDOR WP 6.12 – Application to the Preliminary Approval processiStand – Development and implementation of real-time functionality and restoration services.
Commercial use: 1. Safe Return To Port compliance for concept design of cruise vessel2. Integration with onboard DSS
J. Cichowicz, D. Vassalos, J.Logan “Probabilistic Assessment Of Post-Casualty Availability Of Ship Systems”, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles, Sankt-Petersburg, Russia
![Page 45: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Fire consequence simulation • Modelling Fire and Smoke
propagation using the Zone Model concept employed in different software (CFAST, Raeume etc…)
Upper Layer
Fire
Lower Layer
0.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200
Time, s
Tem
pera
ture
, C
Low er Layer Temperature
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200
Time, s
Hei
ght,
m
Layer Height
0.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
700.00
800.00
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200
Time, s
Tem
pera
ture
, C
Upper Layer Temperature
Temperature histories
Smoke layer history
![Page 46: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Fire consequence simulation • Modelling Fire Spread and
Smoke propagation using Field Models or CFD (FDS, Fluent etc…)
Fire
Fire
Finite Volume Discretization
Temperature contours
![Page 47: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Fire consequence simulation • Fire and Smoke propagation simulated by
FDS
Fire room
EXIT
EXIT
Fatalities
Fire simulation integrated with evacuation models to get fatalities
Smoke propagation
![Page 48: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Fire consequence simulation
Projects: • SAFEDOR (design, regulation and operation for safety) http://safedor.org/
• FIREPROOF (probabilistic framework for onboard fire safety) Publications:
• Azzi, Camille and Vassalos, Dracos (2008), “Design for Fire Safety of RoPax Ships”, Interferry Conference, Hong Kong.
• Azzi, Camille and Vassalos, Dracos (2009), “Design for Shipboard Fire Hazards Assessment”, 10th International Marine Design Conference, Trondheim, Volume 1: pp. 476-488.
![Page 49: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Evacuation simulation:Evi (Evacuability index) software• Evaluation of evacuation time• Identification of potential bottlenecks • Evaluation of accommodations layout
at the design stage to aid for easy evacuation.
• Building “what if” scenarios for:– Training purposes – Effective planning procedures – Decision support strategies for
crises situations• Videos can be used to familiarise
passengers with the ship environment (3D virtual environment that replicates the ship).
![Page 50: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Evacuation simulation:Evi (Evacuability index) software
• Simulations are achieved through variables that describe passengers profile (number, age, gender...) and distribution for the time of the day or night.
• Crew can be assigned particular tasks (search cabins, control spaces....)
• Some features:– Playback recordings as video– Interactions during the simulation: Blocking or
unblocking of doors, assign a task to a specific crew member.
– Include fire data – Include flooding data – Could be coupled to a passenger tracking system
(concluding preliminary tests in MarNIS project)
![Page 51: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Evacuation simulation:Evi (Evacuability index) software
Projects: • Safecrafts : Safe abandoning of passenger ships. http://www.safecrafts.org• MarNIS: Maritime Navigation information services. http://www.marnis.org/home.asp• Floodstand: Integrated Flooding Control and Standard for Stability and Crises
Management.http://www.tkk.fi/Units/Ship/Research/FloodStand/Public/index.html Publications:
1. Evacuation Notation – a New Concept to Boost Passenger Evacuation Performance in the Cruise Industry, M. Dogliani, T. Strang, D. Vassalos and the Evacuation Group of the Ship Stability Research Centre (SSRC), Compit 04, Sigüenza, Spain, May 2004.
2. Effectiveness of Passenger Evacuation Performance For Design, Operation & Training using First-Principles Simulation Tools, D. Vassalos, L. Guarin, M. Bole, J. Majumder, G. C. Vassalos and H.S. Kim, Escape, Evacuation & Recovery, Lloyds Lists Events, London, March 2004.
3. Advanced Evacuation Analysis - Testing the Ground on Ships, D. Vassalos, L. Guarin, G. C. Vassalos, M. Bole, H.S. Kim and J. Majumder, Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, August 2003, Greenwich. Evacuability of Passenger Ships at Sea, D. Vassalos, G. Christiansen, H.S. Kim, M. Bole and J. Majumder, SASMEX 2002.
4. A Mesoscopic Model for Passenger Evacuation in a Virtual Ship-Sea Environment and Performance-Based Evaluation, D. Vassalos, H.S. Kim, G. Christiansen and J. Majumder, Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, April 4-6, 2001, Duisburg.
5. Passenger Evacuation in a Virtual Ship-Sea Environment and Performance-Based Evaluation, D. Vassalos , H.S. Kim, G. Christiansen, Cruise and Ferry, May 2001.
![Page 52: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Crashworthiness assessment Striking body surface
analysis; calculation of principle radii of curvature
Struck body surface definition with respect to striking body’s
principle radii of curvature
Calculation of the available kinetic energy of the striking
ship
Calculation of the rupture energy of the side shell
Comparison of the available kinetic energy and the
rupture energy
Is rupture occurring?
Calculation of breach size, penetration and penetration
potential
Calculation of deflection of the side shell; penetration
potential is above 1.0 in this case
Yes No
0 10 200
10
20
30
Damage length (HARDER)Damage height (HARDER)Damage length (CRASED)Damage height (CRASED)
Striking bow of ROPAX on a ROPAX
Penetration, [m]
Dam
age
Leng
th &
Dam
age
Hei
ght,
[m]
0 10 200
10
20
Damage length (HARDER)Damage height (HARDER)Damage length (CRASED)Damage height (CRASED)
Striking bow of ROPAX on a Tanker
Penetration, [m]
Dam
age
Leng
th &
Dam
age
Hei
ght,
[m]
![Page 53: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Crashworthiness assessment
Projects: N/A
Publications: • (Mermiris & Vassalos, 2007a), “A Generic Approach to Breach Size Assessment
Following a Ship-Ship Collision Event”, Mermiris, G. and Vassalos, D., The Asialink-EAMARNET International Conference on Ship Design, Production and Operation, Harbin, China, pp. 38-43, 17-18 January, 2007
• (Mermiris et al., 2007b), “First-Principles Collision Analysis for Design”, Mermiris, G., Vassalos, D. and Konovessis, D., 1st International Conference on Marine Structures (MARSTRUCT 2007), pp. 217-223, Glasgow, UK, 12-14 March, 2007
![Page 54: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Residual strength assessment
Chart Title
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0 300000 600000 900000 1200000 1500000
Time, [sec]
Cra
ck le
ngth
, [m
]
Upper shel l Lower shell
Number of cycles, [cycles]
Stiffener location: 0.137 m
14days 16hrs3days
Retardation of crack propagation
Side shell damage
Chart Title
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000
Time, [sec]H
alf c
rack
leng
th, [
m]
With a hole Without hole
Number of cycles, [cycles]
Stiffener location: 0.1195 m
1day 18.5hrs 2days 2hrs 3days3hrs
Retardation of crack propagation
Retardation of crack propagation
Bottom damage
![Page 55: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Residual strength assessment
Projects: - Surfacing System for Ship Recovery (SuSy)
Publications: N/A
![Page 56: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Databases in design & operation • Advanced Marine Accident/Incident Database Development
![Page 57: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Databases in design & operation
Data Mining/ KnowledgeDiscovery
Tasks
Induction
Clustering
Classification
Association
Characterization
UncertainReasoningTechniques
ArtificialNeural
Networks
BayesianNetworks
FuzzyLogic
Rough SetTheory
GeneticAlgorithms
Integration
Marine Accident/Incident
Database
Risk-based Design
Projects: - Probabilistic Framework for Onboard Fire Safety (FREPROOF)
• Data Mining for risk model construction
Bayesian Network risk model
![Page 58: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Databases in design & operation
Projects: - Probabilistic Framework for Onboard Fire Safety (FIREPROOF)
Publications: - "Data Mining of Marine Accident/Incident Database for Use in Risk-based Ship Design", Vassalos, D., Cai, W. and Konovessis, D., 10th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles (STAB 2009), pp. 209 – 218, St. Petersburg, Russia, 22 - 26 June, 2009
![Page 59: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Energy efficiency of ships & ship systems
![Page 60: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Energy efficiency of ships & ship systems
Projects: N/A
Publications: N/A
![Page 61: D. George Mermiris University of Strathclyde-Glasgow](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102322/54543156af795978688b4749/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)