Cyto Samples Fix

8/7/2019 Cyto Samples Fix

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y Examples of Commonly Ordered Testsy ThinPrep Pap and conventional Papy Respiratory tract brushes, washes and bronchoalveolar lavage

y Gastrointestinal tract brushes and washes collected anywherealong the GI tract

y Genitourinary tract voided urines, catheterized urines, brushesand washes collected from anywhere along the GU tract

y Fluids - pleural, peritoneal or pericardialy

Sentinel lymph node touch preparation evaluationy Fine needle aspiration services - superficial and deep)y Cerebral spinal fluidsy Breast nipple smearsy Miscellaneous smears brushes and fluids


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y The cytology service prepares and evaluates cells from anyanatomic site in order to diagnose pathologic conditions. Themost common test performed in cytology is the Pap test. Cells ofthe uterine cervix are sampled using a brush and/or scraper andare deposited in either a liquid preservative (ThinPrep Pap) orsmeared on a slide (conventional Pap).

y Non-gynecologic specimens are obtained from any otheranatomic site with a brush, scraper or washing technique. Non-gynecologic specimens can be obtained from the respiratorysystem (bronchial brushes and washes), gastrointestinal system(brushes or washes), genitourinary system (voided urines,catheterized urines, brushes and washes), fluids (from thepleural space, peritoneal space or pericardial space). TheCytology laboratory also receives, prepares and interprets scrapepreparations of sentinel lymph nodes in an intraoperative setting


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y The material obtained should be gently spread ontofrosted end glass slides and rapidly air dried. The

slides must be clearly labelled in pencil with thepatients name and date of birth and the site ofaspiration. Slides must be completely dry before theyare put into transport boxes. If fluid is aspirated thiscan be put in a blood bottle containing EDTA (pinktop blood bottle).


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y Sputum, bronchial washings/lavages

y The whole specimen should be sent in a wide

mouthed, screw-capped container or trap and shouldreach the laboratory the same day. Sputum specimensshould be three early morning sputums taken onsuccessive days before breakfast to avoid

contamination with food or toothpaste.


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y Nasal, pharyngeal swabs, buccal smears andbronchial brushings

y Bronchial brushings and swabs/buccal smears shouldbe smeared gently onto frosted end glass slides andfixed immediately with cytology fixative. Allow 10minutes before putting the slide in the transport box.

The slides must be clearly labelled in pencil with thepatients name and date of birth.


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y Washings and lavage specimens

y The whole specimen should be sent in a wide

mouthed, screw capped container and should reachthe laboratory the same day.

y Endoscopic Brushings

y Brushings should be smeared gently onto frosted end

glass slides and fixed immediately with cytologyfixative. Allow 10 minutes before putting the slide inthe transport box. The slides must be clearly labelledin pencil with the patients name and date of birth.


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y Types of suitable samples include: voided, catheter,bladder washings and ileal loop urine. Specimens arecollected in 300 ml bottles labelled FOR URINECYTOLOGY ONLY.

y The bottle contains fixative (alcohol and glacial aceticacid). Complete voided specimens are required.Midstream urine is not suitable for cytology as cells are

often passed at the beginning and at the end ofvoiding. Early morning urine is also unsuitablebecause it contains degenerate cells, causing difficultyin interpretation.


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fixativesy To preserve the structure of the cell as close to the

normal structure, & still allow the further staining

proceduresyWet fixed

yAir dried

y Cytoplasmic fixatives

y Nuclear fixatives


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Routine fixativesy 95% ethanol

y 100% methanol

y 95% denatured alcoholy 85% isopropanolol

y Time 10 15 min


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y Coating fixative

yAerosol sprays- cyto spray

y Spray from 10 to 12 inchesy Dry for 10 mins

y Poly ethylene glycol fixative

y 95% ethyl alcohol 50ml

y Ether 50ml

y Poly ethylene glycol 5g


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y Diaphane fixatives

y 95% ethyl alcohol 3 parts

y Diaphane 2 parts


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y Special purpose fixatives

y Buffered nuetral formalin

y Bouins fluidy Picric acid


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Nuclear fixativesy Zenkers

y cornoys


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Preservation of fluidsy Preserve under refrigeration for up to 12 hrs

y Urine and CSF can not be

y 50% ethanoly 95% ethanol for gastric aspirates

y 10 % formalin


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Cyto Samples Fix

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