Cyber Crime

University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences Lahore

Report Of Corporate Law

Submitted By:

Ali Hassan (2012-bba-005)

Fiza Fatima (2012-bba-009)

Hina Asif (2012-bba-014)

Subimitted To:

Sir Adil Aftab Kashmiri

CyberCrime

Table of Contents

Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………..

Types of Cyber Crime …….……………………………………………………………………….

Reasons of Cyber Crime ………………………………………………………………………….

Laws for Cyber Crime in Pakistan….…………………………………………………………

Rate of Cyber Crime in Pakistan ……….…………………………………………………....

Steps taken by the Government..............................................................

Top Countries with higher rate of Cyber Crime ………………………………………

Introduction

Cyber crime is the one of the biggest threats all over the world. Almost all countries,

including developing countries, are combating these threats with extreme legal

measures. They have completed their legislation and now there are laws to tackle

cyber criminals. Unfortunately Pakistan is one of the few countries where cybercrime

laws are still in the pipeline waiting for implementation.

“Activity in which computers or networks are a tool, a target, or a place of criminal

activity”

History:

In 1820, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, a textile manufacturer in France, produced the loom.

This device allowed the repetition of a series of steps in the weaving of special fabrics.

This resulted in a fear amongst Jacquard's employees that their traditional

employment and livelihood were being threatened. They committed acts of sabotage

to discourage Jacquard from further use of the new technology.

Types of Cyber Crime Hacking

Software privacy

Credit card fraud

Email spoofing Virus dissemination

Financial crime

Online gambling

Stealing identities Violating privacy

Theft of personal data

Fraud

Child pornography

Cyber stalking

General Reasons Of cyber Crime: General Mischief Lack of legal evidence

Lack of resources

Easy to excess

Negligence Loss of evidence

Revenge

Protest

Laws for Cyber Crime in Pakistan: Prevention of Electronic crime ordinance, 2009

The Electronic Transaction Ordinance 2002

Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA Ordinance 2002)

Freedom of information Ordinance 2002

The Telegraph Act 1885

Electronic / Cyber Crime Bill 2007

1. Electronic Transaction Ordinance 2002:

The Electronic Transactions Ordinance (ETO), 2002, was the first IT-relevant legislation created by national lawmakers.

A first step and a solid foundation for legal sanctity and protection for Pakistani e-Commerce locally and globally.

Laid the foundation for comprehensive Legal Infrastructure.

It is heavily taken from foreign law related to cybercrime.

There are 43 sections in this ordinance

It deals with following 8 main areas relating to e-Commerce.

Recognition of Electronic Documents

Electronic Communications

Digital Signature regime and its evidential consequences

Web Site & Digital Signatures Certification Providers

Stamp Duty

Attestation, notarization, certified copies

Jurisdiction

Offences

2. Electronic/Cyber Crime Bill 2007:

“Prevention of Electronic Crimes Ordinance, 2007″ is in force now

It was promulgated by the President of Pakistan on the 31st December 2007

The bill deals with the electronic crimes included:

Cyber terrorism

Data damage

Electronic fraud

Electronic forgery

Unauthorized access to code

Cyber stalking

Cyber Spamming

Punishments:

Under this law there are defined punishment for the offence.

3. Prevention of Electronic Crime Ordinance: Prevention of Electronic Crime Ordinance 2007

Prevention of Electronic Crime Ordinance 2008



On December 31, 2007, the then president Pervez Musharraf promulgated a law

called The Prevention of Electronic Crimes Ordinance (PECO) 2007 which lapsed in

2010. The new PECO 2012 is still under debate in the National Assembly and is being

tweaked / redrafted by the Standing Committee in consultation with other industry

stakeholders.

4. Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority

Ordinance (PEMRA): Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority Ordinance 2002

Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority amended Ordinance

2007

5. Freedom of Information Ordinance 2002

6. The Telegraph Act 1885

Rate Of Cyber Crime In Pakistan:

Cyber crime is the one of the biggest threats all over the world.

Like any other country of the world, Cyber Crime is on rise in Pakistan. Pakistan

might have seen a boom in the usage of internet and smartphone in past 10 years

but this has also lead into criminal use of this technology.

Quoting a Cyber Crime Unit (CCU) official, newswire reported that 62 cases were

reported to the unit in 2007, 287 cases in 2008 and the ratio dropped in 2009 but

in 2010 more than 312 cases were registered in different categories of cyber

crimes. According to official data, 15 FIRs were registered at the cyber crime cell in

2011, and 10 such cases have been registered so far in 2012.

It has increased much more in the years 2013 and 2014. Rather than making good

and constructive use of information technology, people are more interested in its

misuse.

In Pakistan, the security agency that is making all efforts to fight the menace is

Federal Investigation Agency (FIA)

National Response Centre for Cyber Crime

Steps Taken By Government:

The misuse of VoIP in 2014 is five times more than the previous year To deter this

misuse, this year government adopted a strategy and asked PTA (Pakistan

Telecommunication Authority) to provide data regarding the peak DSL

connections which are used for VoIP based activities, because, a DSL connection is

always easily traceable. Although, government remained successful in their mission

in locating the culprits, but against this measure , felons started using EVO USBs

and Dubai based satellites for making themselves hidden under the shield of

mobility but government also tried to trap them through Human Intelligence, GSM

locators and other such ways.

Moreover, government also made rigorous efforts to trap credit card frauds and

our most successful effort in this regard was when government caught such

companies which were making credit cards and stealing the data of customers in

connivance with bank staff.

E.g. government caught a group which had the back end information of almost

0.75 million (7.5 lac) bank account holders in a single laptop and there government

recovered the credit card writer machine and also the back end data on the basis

of which that group used to rob people.

Government also caught such cases in which the petrol pump workers were being

paid Rs.200 per day to secretly swap the credit card of customers through a

machine which copied the data of their credit cards and over the night that credit

limit of the card was being transferred to UK.

Government are taking preventive measures to minimise these kind of crimes in

our society but the success rate in terms of Facebook is nearly 70%. Although,

government have shutdown many Facebook accounts but in case of doctored

photographs the culprits use cyber cafes for making the fake accounts

Another thing government have observed is the increase in kidnapping for ransom

through these cyber tools. You will be astonished to know about this case in which

a person got kidnapped from Shahdra (Lahore) and his family started receiving

emails, audio and video clips from Afghanistan. They were told to transfer ransom

money to a foreign account number based in Afghanistan

The detection power of FIA is now five times better as compared to the previous

years but still I think there is a lot to be done and government have to put a lot

more efforts along with additional new devices like GSM locator which helps in

tracking the exact location of a mobile phone/SIM, to control such crimes.

FIA arrested 4 foreigners for defrauding people via Facebook

Director FIA Punjab Usman Anwar has said in a recent press conference that the

agency has recently caught 4 foreigners who were defrauding Pakistani people on

the Facebook by using fake profiles.

FIA to Launch Cyber Crime SMS Alert Service

“6000” is the number where the victim is supposed to send the details of any

website or organization that happens to be involved in malicious activity on the

cyberspace. FIA has already an email complaint cell having email id as

[email protected]

FIA Deputy Director arrested for conducting Cyber Crime

Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) has arrested its own Deputy Director. According

to initial reports D.D Noman Bodla was conducting an illegal online business.

He was pin pointed and authority took action, Director FIA confirmed. Noman

Bodla was arrested on the directions of Director General FIA.

FIA has recently increased its monitoring in the cyber world and taken strict actions

to fight the menace of cyber crimes in Pakistan.

Cyber Security Council Bill presented by Mushahid Hussain (Senator Mushahid

Hussain Syed has out-shined PML-N government by presenting a Cyber Security

Council Bill 2014 in the Senate. In the bill, it has been asked to form a council that

will take up the issue of cyber security. The bill also tells us about functions and

proposes power of the council as well. Council will be tasked to draft policy and

guidelines to all the factions of society to safeguard themselves against the grave

situation of cyber insecurity both domestically and internationally.

Top 20 Countries with the highest rate of cyber

crime:

United States Of America

China

Germany

Britain

Brazil

Spain

Italy

France

Turkey

Poland

India

Russia

Canada

South Korea

Taiwan

Japan

Mexico

Argentina

Australia

Israel

Cyber Crime

Law

Transcript of Cyber Crime