TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS AN EVOLUTION IN ELECTRIC FIELD:

WHAT IS TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS?

• It is the technology for next generation of optoelectronic devices that employs wide band gap semiconductors for the realization of invisible circuits. Oxide semiconductors are very interesting materials, because they combine simultaneously high/low conductivity with high visual transparency.• Ex:You are travelling in a car and you want to watch a movie or video play. Now the glass

shields i.e window panels will turn into a TV screen and this is possible with this technology.

BIRTH PLACE OF TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS?

• The transparent electronics that were pioneered at Oregon State University may find one of their newest applications as a next-generation replacement for some uses of non-volatile flash memory . Researchers at OSU have confirmed that zinc tin oxide, an inexpensive and environmentally benign compound, has significant potential for use in this field, and could provide a new, transparent technology where computer memory is based on resistance, instead of an electron charge.• This resistive random access memory, or RRAM, is referred to by some researchers as a

"memristor." Products using this approach could become even smaller and faster.• Flash memory has taken us a long way with its very small size and low price. . "But it's

nearing the end of its potential, and memristors are a leading candidate to continue performance improvements."• Transparent electronics offer potential for innovative products that don't yet exist, like

information displayed on an automobile windshield, or surfing the web on the glass top of a coffee table.

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••ABOUT MEMRISTORS

.Memristors(RRAM) have a simple structure,are able to program and erase information rapidly.

.These stores data with electrical resistance.

.It is a transparent compound appears to offer good performance and light weight.

.The new research also shows that zinc tin oxide can be used not only for memristors but also for thin film transistors(TFT).

.TFT used in manufacture of led , lcd displays.

Zinc tin oxide and amorphous oxide play key role.

ZTO and amorphous oxide optically transparent and electrically conductive.

INDIUM and GALLIUM are highly expensive.

ZTO is inexpensive and environment benign compound.

OXIDES PLAY KEY ROLE

COMBINING TRANSPARENCY WITH ELECTICAL CONDUCTIVITY

• A transparent material is an insulator which possesses completely

filled valence and empty conduction bands.

• Hence their is a need to combine transparency with electrical

conductivity.

CARRIER GENERATION IN TCO

TWO METHODS

1) SUBSTITUTIONAL DOPING

2)OXYGEN REDUCTION

CARRIER GENERATION IN TCO (CONTD..)

SUBSTITUTIONAL DOPING

• Doping with aliovalent ions.

• For example ZnO films have been prepared by doping with group III(AL.GA,) , IV(SI,GE) and VII elements giving rise to wide range of electrical conductivities

OXYGEN REDUCTION

• In this method oxygen is removed from the metal oxide.

• This removal of oxygen removes two extra electrons in the crystal.

TRANSPARENT ELECTRONIC DEVICES

TRANSPARENT PASSIVE DEVICES

TRANSPARENT ACTIVE DEVICES

TRANSPARENT THIN FILM RESISTORS

TRANSPARENT THINFILM INDUCTORS

TRANPARENT THIN FILM CAPACITORS

TRANSPARENT THIN FILM TRANSISTOR

(TTFI)(TTFT)

APPLICATIONS

Transparent laptopTransparent mobileTransparent T.VTransparent smart window

Transparent smart cards.

“Head-mount displays" where the lenses of goggles or eyeglasses serve as displays.

Windowpanes with transparent solar cell Can be used for energy harvesting.

Heads-up displays (HUD) showing driver support

FUTURE SCOPE

CONCLUSION

Oxides a new class of material can be used for manufacturing of transparent devices.

These see-through devices can prove a boon to the technology.

This will also help in development on flexible, non-breakable electronics.

THANK YOU

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