curtain wall

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CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMCURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

Submitted by, ABIDHA KARTHU.E.K SYANECE002

Under the guidance of, Mrs. RAMYA.K.M Asst. Prof. of Civil Engg SIMAT,Vavanoor1

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CONTENTCURTAIN WALL SYSTEMIntroductionHistoryWhat is curtain wall?Components of curtain wallFunctionsTypes of Installation systemsLoadsRain screen PrincipleMaintanance and RepairExpectations Case studiesConclusionReferences

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INTRODUCTIONCURTAIN WALL SYSTEMAcurtain wallsystem is an outer covering of a building Also called Hanging wallInfluential developments in the history of modern architecture.Wide usage today

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HISTORYCURTAIN WALL SYSTEMExterior walls of the building take load of entire structurewide spread use of structural steel and later reinforced concreteIt made use of small columns to support large loads No requirement of exterior wallsMade it as much as lighter Wide use of light materials like glassCurtain walls are born

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WHAT IS CURTAIN WALL?CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMDefinition Acurtain wallsystem is an outer covering of a building in which the outer walls are non-structural, but merely keep the weather out and the occupants in.

Fig 1:Curtain wall5

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMLight weight wall systems installed outside of building structureThe name derives from the idea that the wall is thin and hangs like a curtain on the structural frameDesign to resist wind and rainAlso accommodate building drift and seismic movementsSkin of the buildingSeperator between interior and outdoor environments

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CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

Fig 2:Concept of Curtain wall7

COMPONENTS OF CURTAIN WALLCURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

Fig 3:Components8

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMCurtain wall mullion-Vertical componentCurtain wall transom-Horizontal componentGlass

TransparentWide spread usageLight weight9

OTHER MATERIALSCURTAIN WALL SYSTEMFabric veneer

Less expensiveFaster to installEasy to modifyLow densityLight weight

Fig 4: Fabric veneer10

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMStone veneer

Fig 5:Stone veneerThin blocks of 3-4 inchesShould have proper shape and sizeAesthetic appearance11

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMPanelCURTAIN WALL SYSTEM12

It may be aluminium, aluminium composite or copper

Fig 6:Panels12

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMLouvers

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM13

Installed at ventilation and fresh air required areaAllow to filter outside airFig 7:Louvers13

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMWindows and Vents


It gives both glaze and ventilation to the buildingFig 8:Windows and Vents14

FUNCTIONS

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMProtecting the interior from environmental effects Natural lightingProvide occupant comfort Keeps water outThey are expected to perform acceptably when exposed to natural disasters

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TYPES OF INSTALLATION SYSTEMSStick-built curtain wall system

Unitized curtain wall system

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMInstalled piece by piece at siteThermal expansion and contraction of mullions are accomodated by expansion jointsSystem components are shop fabricated and shipped

Units are shop fabricated and pre-assembledUnits are designed so that the horizontal and vertical members in adjacent units interlock to form common mullions and rails

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CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM Greater degree of on site adjustments Low shipping costLower degree of site adjustmentsHave greater degree of quality control resulting from shop fabricationLower field installation costEnsure progress of projectShorter construction period

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CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM18DISADVANTAGESToo many loss parts and components on sitePoor acoustics and thermal insulationRequires different trade menMore onsite labours requiredLonger onsite assembly time

DISADVANTAGES High skilled labours requiredHigh shipping costNeed higher degree of protection of units when transportationRequirement of expensive lifting equipments on site



LOADSCURTAIN WALL SYSTEMDead loadWind loadSeismic loadSnow loadThermal loadBlast load

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RAINSCREEN PRINCIPLECURTAIN WALL SYSTEMEquilibrium of air pressure between exterior and interior of the curtain wallMinimizes the force which drives moisture through outer wallExternal cladding must be able to perform structurally against wind loads when pressure equalization occurs

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CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMPROBLEMDifferences in air pressure push water into cladding

SOLUTION Pressure equalization chamber

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CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

24Fig 9:Equalization chamber

MAINTANANCE AND REPAIRCURTAIN WALL SYSTEMAluminum frames are generally painted or anodizedCare must be taken when cleaning areas around anodized material Application of fluoropolymer thermosetAnodized aluminum frames cannot be re-anodized in place, but can be cleaned and protected by proprietary clear coatingsUse of specially textured matte stainless steel surface finishesUse of Stainless steel curtain walls

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EXPECTATIONSCURTAIN WALL SYSTEMUse of transparent elements Use architectural glass or other glazing productsConserve energyProvide occupant comfort Innovation of self cleaning glass

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CASE STUDIESCURTAIN WALL SYSTEM27

1)BURJ KHALIFA,DUBAICURTAIN WALL SYSTEM28Unitized panels With a surface area of 1.2 million square feetComprises roughly 28,000 prefabricated panelsDouble-layer glass set within extruded aluminum frames

Fig 10:Burj Khalifa,Dubai

2) OTERPRISE SQUARE, 26 NATHAN ROAD, HONG KONG, CHINACURTAIN WALL SYSTEM2927-storey office towerSemiunitized curtain wallOperatable windowsLouvresCurved feature coverssplayed glass skin Contract value:$1,400,000

Fig 11: Oterprise Square

3) CALAKMUL, SANTA FE, MEXICO


Four-sided Structural Stick System Curtain Wall Aluminium panels for 6-storey officeOrnate office building and exhibition centre with award-winning design. Contract value:$1,600,000

Fig 12: Calakmul, Santa Fe

4) CHENG LOONG PLAZA, TAIPEI,TAIWAN

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM31Unitized Curtain Wall29-storey office buildingfull curtain wall envelopeHigh performance glass and aluminium panels. Contract value:$3,000,000

Fig 13: Cheng Loong Plaza

5)LIPPO CENTRE,HONG KONG,CHINA


Twin 46 and 44 storey office towers Stick curtain wall with ventsContract value:$4,500,000

Fig 14:Lippo Centre, Hong Kong

CONCLUSIONCURTAIN WALL SYSTEMCurtain wall is an essential part of building today,because of its functions,light weight,rapid constructions and also signicant aesthetic freedomIt is a major and unique invention in Civil Engineering field

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REFERENCESCURTAIN WALL SYSTEM34Light weight curtain walls- Problems&recent treands ,Richard L. Hess S.E. and Aswin Rangaswamy,ASCE 2004

Numerical Simulation and Verification of CurtainWall Systems under Shock Pressure M. Nawar; H. Salim, A.M.ASCE, B. Lusk; and S .Kiger, F.ASCE

Curtain Wall Designs for Wind and Blast:Three Case Studies Charles D. Clift, F.ASCE

. Kiger, F.ASCE

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

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curtain wall

Engineering

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