CURRICULUM VITA

Professor Dr. Yosr Ezz El-Din Gamal

NAME AND ADDRESS

Family name : GamalName : Yosr Ezz El - DinHome address : 3, El Mosikar Ali Ismaiil Street –Midan El-Misaha El-Dokki Flat No. 6A.Mailing address : National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences,

NILES, Cairo University. El - Giza , Egypt.Tel.- Office : 00202 – 5675272 Fax- Institute: 00202 – 5718981 Mobile: 01001074012Tel. - Home: 02 37166245Email address : ygamal@niles.edu.eg - Gamaly@ Yahoo.Com

PERSONAL DATA1

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF LASER ENHANCED SCIENCES

Cairo Univ.

Nationality : EgyptianDate and place of Birth : 23rd April 1943 , Alexandria, Egypt. Sex : FemalePresent Position :Professor of laser physics - National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences Cairo University,El Gizah,Egypt.

ACADEMIC QUALIFICATION

Field (Physics)

Year University

B. SC. 1964 Faculty of Science, Alexandria University Egypt.

M. SC. 1969 Faculty of Science, Alexandria UniversityEgypt.

M.SC. 1975 University College of Swansea, University of Wales.UK.

Ph.D. 1978 University College of Swansea, University of Wales, UK.

Title of Thesis : Some Problems on the interaction of laser radiation with matter.

Topics of the Thesis: i) Developing a theoretical model for the ionization of gases by powerful pulses of laser radiation, through cascade ionization processes depending on the electron energy gain by inverse Bremsstrahlung mechanism to study of the phenomena associated with the breakdown of gases by laser radiation,

ii) Theoretical modeling of the instantaneous ionization of gases by brief flashes of laser radiation through multiphoton ionization mechanism.

Ph.D. Advisor: Prof. Colyn Grey MorganDepartment of physics University College of Swansea, Singleton park Swansea SA2 8PP, South Wales, UK

Dr.Colin EvansDepartment of physics University College of swansea, Singleton park Swansea SA2 8PP, South Wales, UK

Major research field: Numerical Modeling for studying (i) the phenomenon of breakdown of gases, liquids and solids by high power laser radiation basing on the solution of the time dependent Boltzmann equation( Fokker Plank equation) considering the processes of Multi-

2

photon ionization and Inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption leading to cascade ionization,(ii) laser ionization based on resonance saturation (LIBORS)of alkali metal vapors , to investigate the instantaneous ionization of the vapor through collisional processes including :Associative ionization, Penning ionization electron impact excitation and ionization of the vapor atoms. The electron heating takes place through super elastic collisions .Energy pooling collisions acts to populate the highly excited states which contributes in the penning ionization process. The exact correlation between the cross-section of each process and the electron energy is considered.(iii) Investigation of Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy.(iv)Ultrafast phenomenon in the breakdown of dielectrics by laser radiation which consider the optical and mechanical effects of the laser interaction.References :

Professor Lotfia El - NadiDepartment of physics faculty of science, Cairo University, El - Giza, Egypt.Professor Gérard Mourou,Director,NSF Center for Ultrafast Optical Science .1006 IST, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd., Ann Aror, Mt48109 USATel: 734 763 4877 Fax : 734 763 4876 Professor S. L. ChinDepartment of Physics and COPL Laval University - Quebec , Qc GIK 7P4, Canada.Tel: 418-656-3418 Fax: 418-656-2623

Knowledge of languages :

English (FLE level British Council Egypt)French (Primary - secondary school level)Arabic (Mother tangue language)

Teaching Experience :

A. Courses taught at Cairo University * Quantum Electronics ( B.Sc. students ) . * Electricity, Magnetism and Radiation Physics

(for medical students ) . * Molecular spectroscopy ( B.Sc. students ) . * Laser Physics ( M.Sc. students ) . * Ionization Physics ( M.Sc. students ) . * Plasma Physics ( M.Sc. students ) .

B. Courses taught in other institution (Undergraduat students)

* General physics I. * General physics II.

3

* Advanced Optics . * Wave Optics . * Selected Topics . * Research project .

(M.Sc. & Ph.D. Students) * Atomic Physics and spectroscopy. * Molecular spectroscopy. * Advanced quamtum optics Lab. * Laser Physics. * Introduction to atomic and molecular spectroscopy.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE : *Professor – department of laser application in metrology, photochemistry and agriculture, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University 2013- up to now. *Professor at the Girl’s faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University–Jeddah Saudi Arabia

2001 – 2013.*Vice Dean for Postgraduate studies and research-National Institute of Laser Enhanced

Sciences, Cairo University 1998 - 2001.*Vice Dean for Environment and Society Services -National Institute of Laser Enhanced

Sciences, Cairo University 1995 - 1998.*Professor -Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt. 1993- 1995.*Associate Professor - Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, United Arab Emirates

University, UAE.1988- 1993. * Associate Professor - Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University,

Egypt.1987- 1988.* Assistant Professor - Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University,

Egypt.1978- 1987.* Assistant Lecturer - Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University,

Egypt.1972 - 1974.* Demonstrator-Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University,

Egypt.1964 - 1972. Membership in Scientific Societies :

* Physical and mathematical society of Egypt (1964). * Physical society of Egypt (1964). * Topical society of laser science of Egypt (1987). * The American Physical society USA (1988-1994). * IEEE Plasma Science USA (1998).

* European Society of Photobiology (1997). * Optical Society Of America OSA (2002).

Membership in National / International committees :

4

* Elected member of the IUPAP working group on Women in Physics USA 1999.* Full member of the Third World Organization for Women in Science (TWOWS) ICTP- Trieste- Italy 1999.* Senior associate of the ICTP-Trieste,Italy 1996-2009.* Member of the laser, Atomic, and Molecular Physics group "LAMP " , Trieste, Italy 1989.* Member of the laser science topical group of the APS,USA 1988-1994.* Member of the laser science atomic and molecular group of the APS, USA 1988-1994.* Member of the Malaysian Institute of physics, Malaysia 1988.* Scientific secretary of the Journal of Laser Science & Tech, of Egypt 1987.* Associate member of the ICTP - Trieste , Italy 1986- 1996.

VISITING PROFESSOR:

*Research on laser interaction with gases , Department of Physics University College of Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, South Wales,U K., Prof. Dr. C. Grey Morgan and Dr. Colin Evans, UK Aug. - Nov. 1980.

*Computations on laser induced breakdown of gases, ICTP, under the Federation agreement scheme, Trieste, Italy, Aug. 1982.

*Research work on laser interaction with gases, Department of Physics University College of Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, South Wales, U K., Prof. Dr. C. Grey Morgan and Dr. Colin Evans, UK Aug. - Oct. 1983.

*Research work on the calculation of multiphoton ionization probability, Aime Cotton Laboratories Orsay, Prof. M. Crance and Dr.Merille, France, Sep. - Dec. 1985.

*Research work on numerical modeling of laser induced ionization based on resonance saturation of Alkali vapor atoms, Swansea, UK Jul. - Oct. 1987.

*Training on Laser system operation at Laser Ionic Company Orlando Florida USA 12-22 August 1995.

*Research work on numerical modeling and experimental study of propagation of ultra fast Laser pulses in atmospheric air – Center of Optics, Photonic and Laser (COPL) Prof. S.L. Chin Laval University Quebec, Canada 7-22 June 1998.

*Research work on numerical modeling and experimental study of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy in distelled water. A cooperation project between NILES Cairo university and university of Tunis II, the atomic and molecular Laboratory, faculty of science. The project supported by the office of the external activities (NET- 45, 2000-2003) 27th July-5th August 2003. *Research work on numerical modeling and experimental study of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy in distelled water. A cooperation project between NILES Cairo

5

university and university of Tunis II, the atomic and molecular Laboratory, faculty of science. The project supported by the office of the external activities (NET- 45, 2000-2004) 22nd July-2nd August 2004.

PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS(a) Conferences:

*XVI ICPIG Düsseldorf, West Germany, Aug. 29, 1983.Submitted work:-Secondary ionization processes in laser– induced cascade ionization. Yosr E.E-D Gamal and M. Abdel Harith.

*International laser Science Conference ILS - 1, Dallas, U.S.A., Nov. 19, 1985.Submitted work :- Ruby laser induced breakdown of Argon.Yosr E.E-D Gamal, I. M. Azzouz and M. El - Nady.

* XVIII ICPIG, Swansea, UK Jul. - Oct. 1987.Submitted work :- Breakdown of molecular oxygen by brief pulses of laser radiation.Yosr E.E-D Gamal.

*Third Tropical College on Applied Physics, Laser and Plasma Technology, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Jun. 1988.Submitted work:- Investigation of electrical breakdown of electronegative gases by laser radiation.Yosr E.E -D Gamal and H. M. Abdel - Moneim.

*International Conference on Multiphoton processes ICOMP - V. Sep. 24 -28, 1990.Submitted work:-Investigation of breakdown of rare gases by short pulses of 1.06 mm laser radiation.Yosr E.E- D Gamal and M.S. Shafik.

*XX ICPIG, PISA, Italy, July 12 - 16 , 1991.Submitted work :- Modeling of resonance ionization in laser excited metallic vapor.Yosr EE- D Gamal, S.S. Montasser and M.A. Mahmoud.

*The sixth international conference on resonance ionization spectroscopy and its applications. RIS - 92 May, 24 - 29, 1992, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA.Submitted work:- Kinetics of ionization of Sodium Vapor with laser radiation.Yosr E.E - D Gamal and M.A. Mahmoud.

*Conference on gas discharges and their application (GD -92) 13 -18 Sep. 1992, Swansea, UK.Submitted work:-On the effect of laser pulse length on the threshold of breakdown of Argon.Yosr E.E - D Gamal and I.M. Azzouz.

*3rd. international conference 8-14 January 1995, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.On Solar Energy Storage and Applied Photochemistry.

*XXII ICPIG New Jersey USA.31 July -4 August 1995. Hobken. N.J.USA.Submitted work:-Investigation of Breakdown of Argon with a wide range of Laser Frequencies.

6

Yosr E.E.-D Gamal and I.M.Azzouz.*2nd International Conference on Laser and applications, Advances in Science, Medicine and

Technology, 16-19 September 1996,NILES, Cairo University.Egypt.Submitted work:-“ Study of Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy of Gases “M.H. Mohmoud, M.O.Omara . Yosr E.E.- D Gamal.

*4 Th workshop on Plasma and Laser Physics, Sonesta Hotel, Naser City, Cairo Egypt.26-29 Feb.1997.Submitted work:-“ Self Focusing and associated Phenomenon induced by high intensity Q-Switched Nd: YAG Laser Beam in Water.W.Tawfik, A. Abd El-Fattah. Yosr E.E -D Gamal and L-El.Nadi.

*XXIII ICPIG Toulouse-France July 17-22 1997.Submitted work:-“Computational study of the effect of wavelength dependence on the threshold intensity in Laser induced breakdown of N2 “ . J. Daoud , A. Abd El-Fattah and Yosr E.E-D. Gamal .

*ICOPS 98, North Carolina USA. 1st - 4 th June 1998.Submitted work:-Studies of Ionization Cesuim Atoms by Laser Induced Resonance Excitation .Yosr E.E -D. Gamal, M.A. Mahamoud and H. Abd.El Hafez .

*International Workshop on ultrafast intense pulse propagation and its applications Quebec, Canada, Laval University 19 th-20 th June 1998 . Submitted work:-Theoretical modeling of Laser induced breakdown in Gases and comparison with most recent experiments .Yosr E.E- D. Gamal.

*3rd International Conference on Laser and applications, Advances in Science, Medicine and Technology, 15-17 November 1998, NILES, Cairo University, Egypt.Submitted work:-"On the study of the electron Kinetic processes in the breakdown of argon by Laser Radiation ".Yosr E.E-D Gamal, L- EL Nady, M.O. Omara and Bassam Ghazoulin.

* XXIV ICPIG Worsaw - Poland July 11-16 1999 Submitted work:-"study of breakdown of Molecular oxygen by 1064 ,532 ,355 and 266 nm Laser Radiation ".Yosr E.E-D Gamal,Abd El-Naser Abou El-Fotouh and Jamal M. Daoud.

* LIBS 2000 , Tirrenia,8-12 October 2000Submitted work:-"study of the Effect of loss processes in laser –induced breakdown in Nitrogen by a wide range of laser wavelenghts".Yosr E.E-D Gamal, I.M. Azzouz and Jamal M.Daoud.

* XXV ICPIG Nagoya - Japan July 17-22 2001Submitted work "Investigation of the expansion dynamic in laser produced aluminum plasma "Yosr E.E-D Gamal, Afaf M. Abdel Hameed, G.H.Abou-Koura, I.M. Azzouz.

7

(b) Schools , Colleges & Workshops:

* Winter school on physical chemistry, UNARC, Alexandria, Egypt, Jan. 9 - 15, 1981.** Symposium on laser and its applications, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, Dec. 1982.* Winter school on laser, atomic and molecular physics, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, Jan. - March,

1983.** Winter school on laser and its application, Faculty of Science, Assiut University and Cairo

University, Assuan, Egypt. Jan. 1984.* Winter school on laser, atomic and molecular physics, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, Jan. - March,

1985.* Spring college on plasma physics, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, May - Jun, 1985.* Patra school on laser and its applications, Amman Jordan. Sept. 1985.**Winter school on laser and its application, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Assuan,

Egypt. Jan.1986.* Workshop on fiber optics communications, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, Feb. - March, 1986.* Summer workshop in condensed matter, atomic and molecular physics, ICTP, Trieste, Italy

(visit as associated member). Jul.- Sep.1986.**Workshop on plasma physics and laser technology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Feb.

1987.*Summer workshop in condensed matter, atomic and molecular physics, ICTP, Trieste, Italy

(visit as associated member). Aug.- Sep.1987.* Third tropical college on applied physics, laser and plasma technology, Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia Jun. 1988.* Summer workshop in condensed matter, atomic and molecular physics, ICTP, Trieste, Italy

(visit as associated member). Jul.- Aug.1990.* Summer workshop in condensed matter, atomic and molecular physics, ICTP, Trieste, Italy

(visit as associated member). Jul.-Aug.1991.* Winter college on new Laser sources -Trieste -Italy (Participaut) 12 Feb.-1st March 1996.* 2nd International conference on laser and its application NILES, Cairo University 13th –17th

September 1996 Cairo, Egypt.* Winter college on Quantum optics: novel Radiation Sources - Trieste -Italy - 3rd-21 march

1997.* Autumn College on Plasma Physics Trieste -Italy 13 October-7 November, 1997.* Winter college on optics - Trieste Italy 9-27 Feb.1998.***Training Course on Laser Science and its applied Technologies organized by NILES,

Cairo University in cooperation with ICS–UNIDO, Trieste -Italy, Cairo 9-21 November 1998.

***The 3rd international conference on laser and its application in medicine, science and technology 14th –16th November 1998.

*Winter college on spectroscopy and its application Trieste -Italy 8-26 Feb.1999.

8

*ICS Training course on Laser diagnostics in Combustion processes Trieste -ICS 1-5 March 1999.

**Workshop on laser applications organized by NILES, Cairo University, Egypt, and 4th –8th Feb.2000.

***Training course on industrial laser application organized by NILES, Cairo University in cooperation with ICS- UNIDO, Trieste, Italy, Cairo, Egypt, 27th May- 8th June 2000.

***Training course on laser diagnostics of combustion processes organized by NILES, Cairo University in cooperation with ICS- UNIDO, Trieste , Italy, Cairo, Egypt, 18th Nov.- 22nd Nov. 2000.

***4th Euro-Mediterranean conference on laser a photobiology application NILES, Cairo University 13th -16th Feb. 2001-Cairo Egypt.***The 4th international conference on laser and its application NILES, Cairo University 31st March-5th April 2001.*Winter College on spectroscopy and its application Trieste -Italy 7-22 Feb.2003.*Winter college on Physics of Nano-Devices Trieste-Italy 10th-21st July,2006.

* Participant ** Member of the organizing Committee.*** Local Organizer.

List of M.Sc. Theses under Supervision of

Professor Dr. Yosr Ezz El-Din Gamal at Cairo University

DegreeTitleDate Record/award

Name

M.ScTheoretical study of cascade Ionization Breakdown under the influence of laser radiation .

19861- Iftitan Azzouz.

M.ScLoss processes control breakdown of gases by laser radiation .1987

2- Nagwa Mohamed Abd El Moneam.

M.ScInteraction of laser radiation with gases .19873- Galila Abd El- Latef Mohamed .

M.ScLaser propagation in Vaporous and Liquids

4-1995 6/5/1996

4- Walid Tawfik Younis.

M.ScStudy of laser induced breakdown in gases 6/8/1996

5- Basam Mohamed Gazolin.

M.ScLaser induced ionization and escalation 25/12/1995 6-Hosien Abd El- Hafiz.

9

in alkali metal vaporous.22/9/1997

M.ScElectric discharge in gases and gas mixture.

3/9/1997

7- Olodia Aaid Taha

M.ScInvestigation of charateristion of plasma induced by laser radiation.

4-1995 26/5/1998

8- Mohamed Abd El- Satar Hafiz Moh.

M.ScSpectroscopic investigation of the Interaction of Laser with Gases.

6-19959- Mohmoud Hanafi Mahmoud.

M.ScDiagnostic of plasma produced by pulsed electric discharge in gases using laser spectroscopy.

1996 1998

10- Abd El-Aleem Hefiny Mohamed.

M.ScLaser induced damage in solids 1996 6/1/1998

11- Sanaa Ahmed Mahmoud Moh.

M.ScInvestigation of plasma dynamics induced by laser radiation.

10/12/1995 14/4/1996

12-Abd El-Moneim Abd Alla Abd Alla El- Kamhaoi .

M.ScStudy of numerical model of the ionization precouss associaled with interaction of laser with gases

16/4/1995 27/4/2000

13-Wesam El-Din Salah El-Din

M.ScThe Aesthetic & Technical Dimensions for using laser in Modern Sculpture & its Plasric Benfets.

1998

12/2000

14- Sayeda Mahmoud Khalil.

M.ScStudy of breakdown of helium gases by 248nm Laser radiation.

1999

2003

15- Ghadah Saber Abd El-Motagally.

All Theses are in the field of Interaction of Laser with gases except no.14. which is in art. In addition to 6 M.SC. theses still under consideration from 2013 up to now.

Besides 10 M.SC. theses are awarded on the period 2002-2012. at the Girl's Faculty of Science, King Abdulazziz University Jeddah,KSA. Total: (31)

List of Ph.D. Theses under Supervision of

Professor Dr. Yosr Ezz El-Din Gamal at Cairo University

DegreeTitleDate Name

10

Record / award

Ph.DMirage effect as thermal device for plasma induced by pulsed laser radiation

19/6/1984 4/3/1991

1-Magdy Moh. Omar Emara .

Ph.DTheoretical Modelling of Laser induced resonance Ionization of metalic Vapours.

31/1/1988 8/12/1991

2-Mohamed Abd El- Hamyd Mahmoud

Ph.DA general Mathematical Modelling of Physical Processes Leading to laser-Induced breakdown in gases.

14/10/1987 15/1/1992

3-Iftitan Mohamed Azouz.

Ph.DNumerical modeling for studying electrical breakdown of gases by laser radiation

17/12/1995 30/5/1998

4-Gamal Mahmoud Daoud.

Ph.DStudy of the Photon –Molecular Interaction Dynamics Using Short Laser Pulses : Zeke Spectroscopy.

30/7/1996 27/7/2000

5-Walid Tawfik Yones.

Ph.DStudy of physical phenomena associated with interaction of laser radiation with matter.

7/4/1999

2002

6-Afaf Moustfa Abd El- Hamyd.

Ph.DAssessment of the proliferative activity of oral mucoeal tissues of Diabetic experimental rats following Co2 lasu therapy by immunohistochemical & histopathology Studies.

1999

2002

7- Ali Mohamed El Hosiene Saafan.

Ph.DThe Influence of Plasma Parameters on the Efficiency of Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy.

2000-20058-Hesham Imam Mahmoud

All Theses are in the field of Interaction of Laser with gases except no.7. which is in Medicine.Besides 4 Ph.D.theses are awarded at the Girl's Faculty of education during the period 2003-2012.

Total : (12)Publications

1-L. F. Abou Hadid, Yosr EE - D Gamal ,and A. El - Rayany (1976): “The triton binding energy by a repulsive core potential", Proceeding of the mathematical and physical society of Egypt, No. 41, 39 - 45.

2-C. J. Evans and Yosr E.E - D Gamal (1980): “Laser induced breakdown of helium ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 13, 1447 - 57.

11

3-Yosr E.E-D Gamal and Abdel Harith (1981):" Molecular gas breakdown by short Laser pulses ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 14, 2209 - 14.

4-Yosr E.E - D Gamal and Abdel Harith (1983): “Secondary ionization processes in laser induced cascade ionization ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 16, 1901 - 06.

5-C. J. Evans and Yosr E.E - D Gamal (1984 ): " Breakdown of helium under single mode Ruby Laser irradiation ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 17, 691 - 8.

6-Yosr E.E- D Gamal, I.M. Azzouz and M. El - Nady (1986): “Ruby laser induced breakdown of argon”, Advances in laser science -1, Proceeding of AIP conference, December 1985 Dallas USA, No. 1, 46, page 578 - 9

7-Yosr E.E - D Gamal and I.M. Azzouz (1987) :" Influence of the collision frequency of the electron energy distribution function in laser - induced discharge in argon ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 20, 187 - 192.

8-Yosr E.E- D Gamal and N.M. Abdel - Moneim (1987):" Theoretical study of electrical breakdown in nitrogen by laser radiation at 1.06 µm", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 20,187 - 61.

9-N.M. Abdel - Moneim, Yosr E.E- D Gamal, M. El- Nady, and L. El- Nadi (1987): “Secondary ionization processes in laser induced breakdown in molecular gases ", J. Laser Sc. & Toc. 1, 37 - 43.

10-L. El - Nadi, L. Z .Ismail, Yosr E.E - D Gamal, and G. Abdel - Latif (1987): " Laser induced breakdown in N2 - methanol gas mixtures ", J. Laser Sc. & Toc. 1, 22 - 26.

11-Yosr E.E- D Gamal (1988) : " The breakdown of molecular oxygen by brief pulses of laser radiation ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 21, 1117 - 20.

12-Yosr E.E- D Gamal (1989): "On stepwise ionization processes in electrical breakdown of molecular gases by laser irradiation ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 22, 385 - 389.

13-Yosr E.E- D Gamal and H.M. Abdel - Moneim (1990): “Investigations of electrical breakdown of electronegative gases by laser irradiation ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 23, 851 - 855.

14-Yosr E.E- D Gamal, M. S. Shafik and H.M. Abdel - Moneim (1991): “Secondary ionization processes in laser induced breakdown of electronegative gases laser irradiation ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 24, 1328 - 32.

15-Yosr E.E- D Gamal, S. S. Montasser and M. A. Mahmoud (1991) : "Modeling of resonance ionization in laser exited metallic vapor " Proceeding of ICPIG XX PISA, Italy, 8 - 12 July, Vol. 6, page 1259 .

16-Yosr E.E- D Gamal and M. S. Shafik ( 1992 ) : " Investigations of breakdown of rare gases by short pulses of 1.06 m laser radiation ", Appl. Phys. Comm.11( 2&3 ) 183 - 193.

17-Yosr E.E- D Gamal, I.M. Azzouz (1992): " On the effect of laser pulse length on the threshold of breakdown of argon", Proceeding of GD 92 conference 13 - 18 September, Swansea, UK .

18-Yosr E.E- D Gamal and M. S. Shafik (1993):" Electrical breakdown in argon by powerful pulses of ultraviolet laser radiation ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 26, 1- 6.

19-Yosr E.E- D Gamal, M. S. Shafik and M.M. Khalil (1993): “An investigation of the wavelength -dependence of the threshold intensity of laser induced breakdown of molecular hydrogen ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 26, 1993 - 40.

20-M.A. Mahmoud and Yosr E.E-D Gamal (1995): " Modeling of collisional ionization in laser excited sodium atoms " Journal of the Physical Society of Japan Val. 64, no 12 ,December P.4 653-4659.

21-Yosr E.E- D Gamal and I.M. Azzouz (1995): “Investigation of breakdown of argon with a wide range of laser frequencies", Proceeding of ICPIG XXII, 31st July – 4th, August, Volume 4,Page 205, Hopken, Newjeresy, USA.

22-Waleed Tawfik, M.M. Omara, Yosr E.E - D Gamal and L. El - Nadi (1995) : " Bulk and surface effects in liquids due to interaction of high power pulsed laser beams ", Proceeding of Femtochemistry: The Lausanne Conference, Sept. 4th –8th , Lausanne Switzerland, Abstract PageG5.page 483-490. (World science: Singapore, New Jersey, London-Hang Kong).

12

23-Walied Tawfik, M. M. Omar Yosr E.E-D Gamal and EL-Nadi (1997)," Photo dissociation of H2O molecule in intense Laser field “Proceeding of solar energy storage conference, “Solar 97Cairo, Egypt 1st –6th Jan.,1997.

24- Jamal M. Daoud , Abdel Naser Abou El - Fotouh and Yosr E.E-D Gamal (1997): " Numerical study of the Wavelength dependence on the threshold intensity in Laser induced breakdown of N2 " proceeding of ICPIG XXIII July 17-22 Toulouse - France . Volume V page -88.

25-MA Khedr, A. A. Hefny, H.Hamdy and Yosr E.E.D Gamal (1998): :" Characteristics of Dc and pulsed hollow cathode glow discharge " Abstract book IEEE ICOPS1-4,June North Raleigh, Raleigh North Carolina, U.S.A.

26-Yosr E.E- D Gamal, M. S-D Shafik and Jamal M. Daoud (1999) :" Numerical investigation of the dependence of the threshold Intensity irradiance on the Wavelength in Laser induced breakdown in N2 "J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 32, 4,423-429.

27-Yosr E.E-D Gamal, L- EL Nady, M.O. Omar, Bassam. Ghazoulin and Khalid Abd El Sabour (1999): "On the study of the electron Kinetic processes in the breakdown of argon by 0.53 m and 0.248 m Laser Radiation ", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys, 32, 1633-1639.

28-Yosr E.E-D Gamal, A. Abou Elfotouh, and Jamal M. Daoud (1999)." Study of breakdown of molecular Oxygen by 1064, 532,355 and 266 nm Laser radiation" Proceeding of ICPIG XXIV July 11-16 Warsaw -Poland .Volume II Page 115.

29-M.Hanafy, M. M.Omar and Yosr E.E-D Gamal (2000) :"study of laser induced breakdown Spectroscopy of gases ", Radiation Physics and chemistry, 57,11-20.

30-Yosr E.E-D Gamal, F. Abdellatif and G. Abdellatif (2000): "Influence of Secondary ionization Processes on the breakdown of Nitrogen by a Wide range of Laser Wavelengths.” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys, 33, 9, 1126-1133.

31-Yosr E.E-D Gamal, I.M. Azzouz and Jamal M. Daoud (2000): “Study of the effect of loss processes in Laser-Induced breakdown in nitrogen by a wide range of Laser wavelengths". LIBS2000 ,8-12 October, Book of Abstract, Page 44, Pisa, Italy.

32M.A Khedr, M.A.Hafez, F.F. Elaksher and Yosr E.E-D Gamal, (2000): “Life time measurement of Plasma associated with laser ablation ". Proceeding of the second international conference on basic sciences and advanced technology 5th –8th November, Assuit, Egypt.

33- Walid T. Mohamed, Yosr E.E D. Gamal and E.W.Schlag (2001): "Lifetime enhancement of Rydberg ZEKE states of Benzene" Book of abs. of PPPS (2001) Las- Vegas 17th-22nd June Nivada, USA.

34- Afaf M. Abdel Hameed, G.H.Abou-Koura, I.M. Azzouz and Yosr E.E-D Gamal (2001) “Investigation of the expansion dynamic in laser produced aluminum plasma “Proceeding of XXV ICPIG 17th-22nd July Nagoya – Japan,2,p243.

35-Yosr EE-D Gamal and M. O. Omara (2001): “Study of the electron kinetic processes in laser induced breakdown of electronegative gases over an extended wavelength range" Radiation Physics and chemistry, 62,361-370.

36- Yosr EE-D Gamal and I. M. Azzouz (2001): "Theoretical analysis of the breakdown of neon induced by 248mm laser radiation " J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys ,34,1-7.

37-Lotfia El Nadi, Latifa Alhouty, and Yosr EE-D Gamal (2002). ”Ultra fast lasers to determine molecular biological structures” Orally presented at the V-International Femtochemistry conference 2nd-6th September 2001, Toledo, Spain, published World Science,755.

38-Hafez M A, M. A. Khedr, F. F. Elaksher and Y E Gamal (2003):”Characteristics of Cu plasma produced by a laser interaction with a solid target”. Plasma sources Sci. Technel. 12, 185-198.

39-Afaf M. Abdel Hameed, G.H.Abou-Koura, I.M. Azzouz and Yosr EE-D Gamal (2003):” Study of recombination processes during the expansion phase of Ti-plasma produced by picoseconds of an Nd: YAG laser radiation”. Journal of Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 205,271-275.

13

40-J.Ben-Ahmed, N.Terzi, Z.Ben-Lakhdar, Yosr Gamal and G. Taieb (2003): "Spectroscopic studies and plasma analysis of laser induced breakdown in water’. Abstract book of the First Cairo Conference on :Plasma Physics& Applications 11th -15th. October, 2003.

41-Lotfia El-Nadi, Ahmed M.Farag, Ashraf El Sherbiny,Yosr E. Gamal(2004)"Two photon absorption cross-section of new fluoro-phore compounds".AIP Conference Proceedings MTPR-04, 4-9 April ,Cairo University,Cairo,Egypt,p249.

42-Walid Tawfik, Magdy M. Omar, Yosr E Gamal and Lotfia El-Nadi (2004),"Ultrafast Moving Bubbles Initiated During The Propagation Of Focused Laser Pulses in Water" AIP Conference Proceedings MTPR-04,4-9 April C airoUniv,Cairo,Egypt,p280.

43-Y.E.E. Gamal, M.A. Mahmoud, and H.A. Abdel-Rahnam (2005), "Modeling of laser induced excitation and ionization in cesium atoms", Journal of quantitative spectroscopy & radiative transfer 90, 29-41.

44- M.A. Mahmoud, Y.E.E. Gamal, H.A. Abd El-Rahnam (2006),"Ion formation in laser irradiated cesium vapor", Journal of quantitative spectroscopy & radiative transfer 102,241-250.

45-H. Imam, G. Abdellatif, V. Palleschi, M.A Harith and Yosr E E-D Gamal (2007) ''Dynamics

of Spatially and Temporally Resolved Laser Induced Plasma''. AIP Proceeding of the Second International Conference on “Modern Trends in Physics Research”, MTPR -06, April 6-11, (2006), V

888, Page 421.

46-Khaled Elsayed, Hisham Imam, Fatma Madkour,Galila Meheina, Yosr E. Gamal, (2008) “Laser-induced breakdown Spectroscopy technique in identification of ancient ceramics bodies and glazes” Published in the Proceeding of the Third International Conference on “Modern Trends in Physics Research”, MTPR -08. April 2008,Cairo University, Egypt.

47- Gamal, Y. E. E. - D., "Studying the role of threshold intensity dependence on vibrational losses in the breakdown of molecular nitrogen by wide range of laser wavelengths", http://publications.ictp.it, 2008.ic2008079p.pdf

48- H. Imam, G. Abdellatif, and Yosr E E-D Gamal (2010). "Studying the role of Ambient Conditions of laser induced Al-plasma“. Journal of The Koarean Physical Society Vol. 56 ,No 1, p 1-8.

49- M.A.Mahmoud and Y.E.E.Gamal (2010 ). “Effect of Energy Pooling collisions in formation of a Cesium Plasma by Continuous - Wave Resonance Excitation”. ”. J. Optica Applicata, (Poland) Vol., XL , No 1,129-141.

50 -Yosr EE-D Gamal and M. M. Omar (2011) ."On the role of loss mechanisms in determining the threshold irradiance for N2 breakdown by the first four harmonics of a Nd:YAG laser".Egyptian Journal Of  Physics, Vol. 41,No 2,  P 1-P 18.

51-Yosr E. E-D Gamal, Khaled A. Elsayed, M.A. Mahmoud (2012)." Numerical investigation of the electron dynamic dependence on gas pressure in the breakdown of hydrogen by KrF laser radiation", Journal of Optics& laser technology,44 , 2154 - 2160.

52-M.A.Mahmoud and Y.E.E. Gamal (2012) ."Kinetics of plasma formation in Sodium Vapor Excited by Nanosecond Resonant Laser Pulses ". Indian J Phys ,86(7):659–666. 53- M.A. Mahmoud and Y.E.E. Gamal,(2012). " Computational Study of Resonantly Ionizing Rubidium

Vapor by Nanosecond Laser Pulses r". Journal of Modern Physics, 3, 927-934. 54- Lailah H. Gaabour ,Yosr EE-D Gamal and G. Abdellatif and (2012). "Numerical Investigation of

the Plasma Formation in Distilled Water by Nd-YAG Laser Pulses of Different Duration " . Journal of Modern Physics, 3, 1683-1691.

55- Kholoud A. Hamam , Haifaa M. AL-Ghamdi and Yosr E E-D Gamal (2012)" Theoretical investigation of argon plasma formation induced by laser radiation". Life Sci J;9(4):4815-4822] (ISSN:1097-8135).

14

56- Kholoud A. Hamam , Galila. Abdellatif and Yosr E E-D Gamal (2013) " Numerical study of the threshold intensity dependence on wavelength in laser spark ignition of molecular hydrogen combustion". Journal of Modern Physics,4,3,311-320.

57-Gaabour, L., M. M. Badahdah, and Y. E. E. - D. Gamal, "Studying the Role of the Physical Processes dependence on gas pressure in The Breakdown of Molecular Oxygen by 1064 nm Laser Radiation", Life Science Journal, vol. 10, issue 4, pp. 2548-2556, 2013.

58-Gamal, Y. E. E. D., and G. Abdellatif, "investigation of the threshold intensity versus gas pressure in the breakdown of helium by 248 nm laser radiation", applied physics B, vol. 117, issue 1, pp. 103-111, 2014.

59-Gamal, Y. E. E. D., E. H. mohamed abd Mahmoud, and N. D. A. Dawood,"numerical investigation of the threshold intensity dependence on gas pressure in the breakdown of xenon br different laser wavelengths",the European Physical Journal D, vol. 68, issue 206, pp. 1-9, 2014.

60-M.A.Abdelati, M. A. Mahmoud, and Y.E.E.Gamal, "numerical investigation of the triatomic ions formation during laser ionization based on resonance saturation", Journal of applied mathematics and physics, vol. 2, issue -, pp. 1123-1129, 2014. 

61-Gamal, Y. E. E. D., L. H. Jaabour, and K. A. Hamam, "study of threshold intensity depends on the physical processes in the breakdown of N2 by co2 laser radiation", physica scripta, vol. 2014, issue T161, pp. 1-5, 2014

62- Omar, M. M., A. M. Aboulfotouh, and Y. E. E. Gamal, "On The Study of Threshold Intensity Dependence on The Gain and Loss Processes in Laser Induced Spark Ignition of Molecular Hydrogen   ", 4th International Congress in Advances in Applied Physics and Materials Science (APMAS 2014) , Turkey, AIP Conf. Proc. 1653, pp. 1– 12,

15