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CURRICULLUM VITAE

PROFESSOR GODWIN PARMENA KAAYA

PRESENT ADDRESS: University of Nairobi, College of Biological & Physical Sciences,

School of Biological Sciences, Chiromo Campus, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, KENYA.

PHONES: Office: 442121 ext. 2459

Cell: +254-711708087

E-mails: gkaaya@uonbi.ac.ke; mskaaya@yahoo.co.uk, gkaaya@hotmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

• Marital status: Married

Citizenship: Tanzanian

Citizenship of wife & children: Kenyans

Number of children: Four ACADEMIC RECORD 1972 : Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine (BVM) : University of Nairobi, Kenya, Large & Small Animal Medicine and Animal Production.

Courses: Anatomy, histology, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, bacteriology, pathology, virology, parasitology, veterinary entomology, animal production, ecology, reproduction, obstetrics, medicine and surgery. 1975 : Master of Science (MSc) : Department of Veterinary Pathology &Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya. Courses: Virology, bacteriology, pathology and parasitology.

Thesis title: Experimental Trypanosomiasis: A study of the pathology of Trypanosoma congolense in the goat, with a special emphasis on the pathogenesis of the anemia. 1979 : Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) : Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of

Guelph, Ontario Veterinary College, Canada. Courses: Clinical Pathology (clinical biochemistry & hematology), medical immunology, cell biology and radiation biology. Dissertation title: Development of bovine hemopoietic culture systems in vitro and their application in bovine trypanosomiasis.

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Post-doctoral training 1979 : Medical immunology, cell culture and entomology, University of Guelph, Canada. (5 months). 1979 - 1980 : Insect cellular immunology, Department of Zoology, University of Wales at Swansea, UK. (9 months ). 1984 – 1985 : Insect humoral immunology, Department of Microbiology, University of Stockholm, Sweden.(6 months ). 1998 : Techniques in isolation and culture of entomopathogenic nematodes, Kimron Veterinary Institute and the Volcani Centre, Israel. (3 weeks). CAREER POSITIONS HELD

2012 –To date: PROFESSOR, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, KENYA. Courses taught

Undergraduate courses. SZL 101- Invertebrate Zoology, 1st year both at Chiromo and Kenya Science Campuses (over 400 students) SZL 401- History and Philosophy of Biology, 4th year course Postgraduate courses SZL 578-Parasite Physiology and Principles of Chemotherapy [MSc] SZL 509-General Vertebrate Zoology [MSc] Additional responsibility: Internal moderator for undergraduate and postgraduate examinations in the School of Biological Sciences. 2008-2011. PROFESSOR & Executive Dean, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources,

University of Namibia.

Courses taught Parasitology (3rd year undergraduate) Animal Science students Animal Health (3rd year undergraduate) Animal Science students Anatomy & Physiology (3rd year undergraduate) Animal Science students Environmental Physiology (MSc Rangeland Resource Management Students)

2000-2007: PROFESSOR & HEAD, Department of Biology, University of Namibia (UNAM). Courses taught:

Human Biology (2nd year undergraduate) to BSc, Education, and Pre-Medical Students Scientific Communication (4th year undergraduate) BSc students Topics in Animal Physiology (3rd year undergraduate) BSc students Comparative Animal Physiology ( 3rd year undergraduate) BSc, Pre-Medical and Education students

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l99l –1999: Principal Research Scientist, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE),Nairobi, Kenya. 1987 - l99l : Senior Research Scientist, ICIPE , Nairobi, Kenya. 1980 – 1986 :Research Scientist ,ICIPE ,Nairobi, Kenya. 1978 – 1980 :Post-doctoral Research Fellow, ICIPE , Nairobi, Kenya. 1974 -1975 : Part-time Tutor, Department of Veterinary Pathology & Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya. 1972- 1973 : Regional Veterinary Officer, Tanga Region,Tanzania. ADMINISTRATIVE , ACADEMIC & PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS 2007-2011: Member of UNAM Steering Committee for the establishment of Graduate School.

2005- 2011: UNAM representative to the African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect

Science (ARPPIS) and ARPPIS Academic Board Member at the International Centre of Insect

Physiology & Ecology, (ICIPE), Nairobi, Kenya.

2005- 2009: Team Leader for the South Africa-Norway Tertiary Education

Development Programme (SANTED)-The Biological Sciences Component.

2005 (October): Served as member of International Review Team for the Department of

Biological Sciences at the University of Botswana. 2003: Appointed reviewer for research proposals submitted for funding to the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa. 2002-2006 : Seminar Coordinator, Faculty of Science at UNAM. 2002-2005: Representative of the Faculty of Science to the UNAM Post-graduate Committee 2001-2007: HEAD, Department of Biology, UNAM. 2001-2006 : Chairman, Faculty of Science Post-graduate Training Committee. 2001- 2011 : Representative for the African Acarology Association (AAA), Southern African Region and member of the AAA Executive Board.

1999- 2011 : Member of the University Senate (UNAM)

1995- 1999: Coordinator, Ticks & Tick-borne Disease Scientific group of the Nairobi Cluster 1996- 1998 : Coordinator, ICIPE / ACIAR Tick Modeling Project

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1992 : Appointed regular reviewer for THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN FRONTIER SCIENCE PROGRAMME (FRANCE) research proposals. 1992 : Appointed regular reviewer for papers submitted to JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY, (USA), for publication. 1991 –1999 : Programme Leader, Livestock Ticks Research Programme, ICIPE

1990- 1993 : Chairman, ICIPE Contracts & Tender Committee 1988- 1991 : Coordinator, Insect Pathology Course for ARPIS Ph.D. Program, ICIPE

1988- 1991 : Research Leader, Biological Control Sub-Program, ICIPE 1987-1990: Vice-Chairman, ICIPE Property Survey Board 1985: Member of the organizing committee for World Protozoology Congress 1981-1986: Member of ICIPE Mbita Point Clinic Board of Management 1977-1978 : Coordinator, IDRC Hematology Laboratory, EAVRO, Muguga, Kenya MEMBERSHIP OF SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES

1. Kenya Veterinary Association (KVA)

2. African Association of Insect Scientists (AAIS) 3. Society for Invertebrate Pathology (SIP)

4. East African Society for Parasitologists (EASP) 5. Tanzania Entomological Association (TEA). 6. Tanzania Veterinary Association (TVA). 7. Acarological Society of America (ASA). 8. International Society of Biometricians , Namibia branch. 9. Parasitological Society of Southern Africa (PARSA) 10. Society for Tropical Veterinary Medicine (STVM) 11. African Acarology Association (AAA)

MEDAL AWARDS FOR OUTSTANDING WORK 1991: Awarded the ICIPE MEDAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH for outstanding research on tsetse fly immune mechanisms. 2004: Awarded Medal for outstanding contribution to Acarology (ticks) in the African Continent at the third AAA symposium, January 10-16, Cairo, Egypt.

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PROJECT PROPOSAL WRITING AND COORDINATION 2010: Developed a research proposal funded by NEPAD on survey of ticks and tsetse flies in

Namibia. EURO 30,000. 2005-2009- Developed and coordinated a project entitled : SANTED “NEW” II- ANIMAL,

PLANT & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (APES) ( SAR. 3 M) and coordinated it for 5 years.

2004-2011: Developed and Coordinated 4 year proposal (Grant No. TA-MOU-03-C22-008) with Israeli colleagues on evaluation of biocontrol potentials of entomopathogenic fungi for tick control at UNAM, funded by USAID (US $200,000). 1997-1999 : Developed and successfully coordinated a proposal (TA-MOU-97-C17-032) with Israeli colleagues on evaluation of biocontrol potentials of entomopathogenic nematodes for tick Control at ICIPE, funded by USAID (US $200,000) 1996-1998 : Developed and successfully coordinated a proposal entitled: “validation of the Australian model of the tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in Kenya and investigation of its use to facilitate collaboration with NARS at ICIPE, funded by ACIAR (A$ 120,000) 1991-1995 : Developed proposal with ICIPE colleagues funded by UNDP- entitled:

Development of efficient and environmentally-acceptable tsetse and tick control strategies for the tropical developing world” Global/90/006/A/01/42 (US $. 2 M). I coordinated the tick component for 5 years.

1988- 1992-Developed proposal with ICIPE entitled on “efficient and environmental tsetse and ticks control strategies” and participated in the research activities on tsetse and trypanosomosis. Funded by EU (US$ 2 M). POSTGRADUATE STUDENT SUPERVISION AND EXTERNAL EXAMINER POSITIONS I served as external examiner for the following postgraduate students

1. Jeyanthi Brinda Princess Gopalraj. PhD dissertation 2016. Acquired resistance to the tick species Amblyomma hebraeum, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi in goats. University of Limpopo-Medunsa Campus, Republic of South Africa.

2. Abonyo Esther Adhiambo, 2010. MSc. Thesis. Effects of Metarhiziumanisopliae application

on the diversity of plants and selected insect species associated with Odontotermes termite mounds at MPLA Research Centre-Laikipia District (Central Kenya). Kenyatta University.

3. Diana Margaret Leemon 2009. PhD Dissertation: Evaluation of Metarhizium anisopliae for

biopesticide control of livestock ectoparasites, University of Queensland, Australia.

4. Ohaga Spala Oduor. 2007. PhD Dissertation: Optimization of Semio-chemicals for Savannah

Tsetse Control through “push” , “pull” and” push-pull “tactics in Kenya, Kenyatta University,

November 2007.

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5. Sylvance Okeyo Okoth. 2006. PhD Dissertation: Transmission dynamics and epidemiology of

Rhodesian sleeping sickness in allopatric populations of Glossina pallidipes of Kenya.

Kenyatta University, November 2006.

6. Matlhahane Molifi Oriel Thekisoe, 2003. MSc. Thesis: An investigation of a strategy for the

vaccination of free ranging chickens against Newcasle Disease in Qwa-Qua, South Africa.

School of life sciences, University of the North, qua-qua campus, S. Africa.

7. Motloang, M.Y.2002. BSc (Hon) Thesis: Characterization and identification of Amblyomma

hebraeum and Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi tick gut antigens by SDS-PAGE. School of life

sciences, University of the North, qua-qua campus, S. Africa.

8. Nyaile, S.F.C.2002. BSc (Hon) Thesis: Disease –causing agents in free-ranging poultry from the

qua-qua district of the free state province, South Africa. School of life sciences, university of the

north, qua-qua campus, S.Africa.

9. Tsotetsi, A.M. 2002. MSc Thesis: Parasitic helminthes of veterinary importance in cattle and

small stock in the northeastern free state, South Africa. School of life sciences, University of

the North, qua-qua campus, S. Africa.

10. Makoni, F.S.N. 2002. MSc Thesis: An assessment of water and sanitation facilities and

related diseases among poor urban communities in Zimbabwe. School of life sciences,

University of the North, qua-qua campus, S.Africa.

11. Leeto, P.M.2002. MSc Thesis: Experimental vaccine studies against induced murine

cutaneous leishmaniasis. School of life sciences,University of the North, qua-qua campus,

S. Africa.

12. Musengya, M.J. 1997. M.Sc Thesis: In vitro feeding of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus

(Neumann) and its application in the production of Theileria parva (Theiler) sporozoite stabilates. Kenyatta University, Kenya.

13. Saraswathi, A.1995. PhD Dissertation : Biology and Control of Tabanus triceps (Thunberg)

(Dipteria: Tabanidae) using Bacillus thuringiensis as a potent larvicidal agent, University of Annamalai, India.

14. Nduhiu,A.W. 1992. PhD Dissertation : The effects of Deltamethrin 'Pour on' control

technique on Glossina pallidipes Austen population structure and incidence of

Trypanosomiasis in cattle, University of Nairobi, Kenya.

15. Ndegwa, P.N.1990. Msc Thesis: Cyclical Development of Trypanosoma (Nannomonas)

congolense Broden in Glossina morsitans centralis Machado, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead and Glossina brevipalpis Newstead, University of Nairobi, Kenya.

16. Oduma, J.A. 1989. PhD Dissertation: Isolation and characterization of cauda epididymal

cellular androgen binding protein, University of Nairobi, Kenya

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I served as external examiner for the following universities

2001-2005 :External Examiner, University of the North, Republic of south Africa.

2011-2015: External Examiner, University of Swaziland, southern Africa

2013-to date: External examiner University of Rwanda

Postgraduate tutor

1984 – 1994: I participated in ICIPE- ARPPIS-Postgraduate training program by giving lectures

,practicals and examinations to students from various African Universities in insect pathology and

invertebrate immunology. UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT PROJECTS SUPERVISION I have supervised over 100 undergraduate student research projects.

MSC STUDENT SUPERVISION

1. Phyllis Munyiva Isaiah. 2016. Thesis: Survey of tick species and their abundance at ILRI’S

Kapiti plains estate, Makueni County, Kenya. University of Nairobi, (ongoing).

2. Cornelius Tiampati Manyuele 2013: Thesis: Prevalence and diversity of hydatidosis in sheep in

olokurto division-Narok county. University of Nairobi

3. Andrews, L.R. 2010. Thesis: A Situational Analysis of Livestock Production in Liberia.

University of Namibia.

4. Korsor, M. 2010. Thesis: An investigation of the potential of small ruminant production to

livelihoods of rural farmers in Lofa County, Liberia: A case study of Voinjama District. University of Namibia .

5. Peace Imologhome, 2009: Thesis: Seasonal difference in nutrition for zebra (a grazer/non-

ruminant) and springbok (a mixed-feeder/ruminant) in Etosha National Park, Namibia,

University of Namibia .

6. Marius Hedimbi, 2005. Thesis : Pathogenicity of the entomogenous fungus Metharhizium

anisopliae to ticks . University of Namibia .

7. Joseph Nalianya, 1999 : Thesis: Evaluation of neem products for control of the tick

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus: Moi University, Kenya.

8. Ben Mutayoba, 1988: Thesis: Susceptibility of the small East African breed of goats from different localities, to Trypanosoma congolense with emphasis on residual fertility. University of Nairobi.

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PHD STUDENT SUPERVISION

1. Hundessa Wakuma Bayissa 2016. Dissertation. Fungal entomopathogens for aphid

management: variability in pathogenicity, species attributes and interactions with other natural enemies. PhD, University of Nairobi.

2. Renatus Peter Shilangale, 2014: Dissertation. Prevalence, serotypes and antimicrobial

resistance pattern of salmonella isolated from beef and animal feed in Namibia. PhD,

University of Namibia.

3. Amoo (Mrs).2015.Dissertation .A study of apparent immunity to Malaria among the San People

of Namibia. PhD, University of Namibia.

4. Patricia N. Petrus .2011. Dissertation . Characterization and Production Performance of Native Chickens in Northern Namibia, PhD , University of Namibia.

5. Hon. Dr. Richard Nchabi Kamwi,(Namibian Minister of Health & Social Services): 2006.

Dissertation: Malaria Situation in Namibia: A study of vector species and effectiveness of the

past and current control strategies in selected parts of Namibia. PhD, University of Namibia.

6. Eunice Misiani .1999. Dissertation : The role of arthropod vectors in the transmission of

lumpy skin disease. PhD., Kenyatta University.

7. Rosebella O. Maranga. 1997: Dissertation: Development of innovative biological

control method for the Bont tick, Amblyomma variegatum using pheromone-baited traps contaminated with entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana. Ph.D Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture, Science & Technology.

8. Esther Sebitosi. 1997. Dissertation. The Physiology of the tick Rhipicephalus

appendiculatus in relation to the transmission of Theileria parva. Ph.D., Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria.

9. Sekouba Bengaly. 1993. Dissertation: Studies on cellular and humoral immune responses of

Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus to infection by pathogens and

parasitoids. PhD. University of Ghana.

10. Solomon Gebre. 1992. Dissertation : Studies on the role of natural resistance in stabilizing

tick population and tick-borne diseases in different cattle breeds in Ethiopia. Ph.D. University of Addis Ababa.

11. Mutambara, E. 1992. Dissertation : Comparison of cellular and humoral immune responses

of cereal stem borers Chilo partellus, Busseola fusca, and the legume pod borer, Maruca

testulalis to some bacterial infections. Ph.D., University of Zimbabwe.

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12. Koffi Dossa. 1992. Dissertation : Studies on natural resistance and the effects of parasitism on the sustainability of resistance against the tick Ambloymma variegatum. Ph.D., University of Ghana.

13. Abu-Zinid I.M.I, 1991. Dissertation : Predation of tsetse flies in the vicinity of traps used for

control of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Nguruman, Kenya. Ph.D., University of Khartoum.

14. Malik A. Muhamed.1991. Dissertation: Studies on pathological aspects and biocontrol

potential of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Deuteromycetes: fungi imperfecti) to legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Ph.D., University of Khartoum.

15. Davis Cole J.A.O. 1990. Dissertation: Aspects of the mating behavior of Glossina morsitans

Westwood and Glossina pallidipes Austen. Ph.D., University of Sierra Leone.

16. Esther N. Mwangi. 1990. Dissertation. The role of predators, parasitoids and pathogens in

regulating natural populations of the free-living stages of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and other livestock ticks and some aspects of the ticks' ecology Ph.D. , Kenyatta University.

PUBLICATIONS IN PEER-REVIEWED INTERNATIONAL JOURNALS

1. KAAYA, G. P. AND HEDIMBI, M. (2017). Pathophysiological effects Neem tree (Azadirachta

indica) derivatives to Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, the tick vector for Theileriosis (East

Coast Fever). Journal of Entomology and Nematology, Vol 8 (2), pp.11-18.

2. WAKUMA BAYISSA, SUNDAY EKESI, SAMIRA A. MOHAMED, GODWIN P. KAAYA,

JOHN M. WAGACHA, RACHID HANNA AND NGUYA K. MANIANIA (2017).

Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra. Journal of Pest Science, Volume 90 (1), 355–368

3. RENATUS SHILANGALE , GODWIN KAAYA AND PERCY CHIMWAMUROMBE

(2016). Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella strains isolated from beef in

Namibia. British Microbiology Research Journal 12(1): 1-6,

4. WAKUMA BAYISSA, SUNDAY EKESI, SAMIRA A. MOHAMED, GODWIN P. KAAYA, JOHN M. WAGACHA, RACHID HANNA AND NGUYA K. MANIANIA (2016). Interactions among vegetable-infesting aphids, the fungal pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) and the predatory coccinellid Cheilomenes lunata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).

Biocontrol Science and Technology, 26 (2) , 274-290. 5. RENATUS P. SHILANGALE, GODWIN P. KAAYA AND PERCY M. CHIMWAMUROMBE

(2015). Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonella isolated from beef in Namibia. European

Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety 5(4): 267-274.

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6. WENDY C. TURNER1, PEACE IMOLOGHOME, ZEPEE HAVARUA, GODWIN P. KAAYA, JOHN K.E MFUNE, IRVIN D.T. MPOFU AND WAYNE M. GETZ1 (2013). Soil ingestion, nutrition and the seasonality of anthrax in herbivores of Etosha National Park.

Ecosphere, 4 (1), 1-19.

7. KAAYA, G.P. AND HEDIMBI, M. (2012). The use of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria

bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, as bio-pesticides for tick control. International Journal of

Agricultural Sciences, Vol 2 (6), 245-250.

8. SHILANGALE, R.P., DI GIANNATALE, E., CHIMWAMUROMBE, P.M. AND KAAYA, G.P.

2012). Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Salmonella in Animal feed produced in

Namibia. Veterinaria Italiana, Vol. 48 (2), 125‐132.

9. KAAYA G.P., KADHILA-MUANDINGI, P.N., LOTFY, H.R. AND MSHIGENI, K. (2012).

Incorporation of seaweed in mushroom cultivation substrates and mushroom iodization.

African Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 7(25), pp. 3673-3676.

10. KAMWI, R.N., MFUNE, J.K., KAAYA, G.P. AND JONAZI, J.B. (2012). Seasonal variation in

the prevalence of malaria and vector species in northern Namibia. Journal of Entomology and Nematology, Vol. 4 (5), pp 42-48.

11. HEDIMBI, M., KAAYA, G.P. AND CHINSEMBU, K.C. (2011). Mortalities induced by

entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae to different ticks of economic importance

using two formulations. International Research Journal of Microbiology: Vol. 2, 141-

145.

12. KAAYA, G.P., SAMISH, M., HEDIMBI, M., GINDIN, G. AND GLAZER, I. (2011). Control

of tick populations by spraying Metarhizium anisopliae conidia on cattle under field conditions.

Experimental and Applied Acarology, 55: 273-281.

13. HEDIMBI, M., KAAYA , G.P., SAMISH, M., GINDIN, G., AND GLAZER, I. (2011).

Pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae to the red-legged tick,

Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi. Journal of Entomology and Nematology, Vol 3(7), 68-72.

14. HEDIMBI, M., KAAYA, G.P. SINGH, S., CHIMWAMUROMBE, P.M., GINDIN, G.,

GLAZER, I. AND SAMISH, M.( 2008). Protection of metarhizium anisopliae conidia from ultra-violet radiation and their pathogenicity to Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi ticks. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 46: 149-156.

15. SOLOMON, G. AND KAAYA, G. P. (2008). Prevalence of camel ticks and haemoparasites in

Southern rangelands of Ethiopia. Discovery and Innovation, Vol. 20, 10-13.

16. KUBASU, S.S.,MAKOKKHA,G.L. AND KAAYA, G.P. (2007). Biological differences within Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann (AKARI: IXODIDAE) Populations in Kenya.

Journal of the Eqyptian Society of Parasitology Vol 37 (2) 411-418.

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17. KAAYA, G.P., SAXENA, R.C. AND GEBRE, S. (2007). The potential of Neem products for control of economically-important African ticks. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, Vol 4 (1) , 95-104. 18. SEBITOSI, E.K. AND KAAYA, G.P. (2006). Effect of bovine blood fractions on the

infectivity of Theileria parva to bovine blood lymphocytes. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, Vol. 3 ( 2) , 287-295. 19. MARANGA, R.O., HASSANALI, A., KAAYA, G.P AND MUEKE, J.M. (2006). Performance of a Prototype Baited-trap in Attracting and Infecting the Tick Amblyomma variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae) in Field Experiments. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 38, 211 – 218.

19. MARANGA, R.O., KAAYA, G.P., MUEKE, J.M. AND HASSANALI, A (2005)

Effects of combining the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on the

mortality of the tick Amblyomma variegatum (Ixodidae) in relation to seasonal changes. Mycopathologia , 159, 527 – 532.

20. SOLOMON GEBRE, SILESHI MEKONNEN, KAAYA GODWIN, TILAHUN TEKLE,

YILMA JOBRE (2004). Prevalence of ixodid ticks and trypanosomosis in camels in southern

rangelands of Ethiopia. Ethiopian Veterinary Journal 2, 23-31.

21. KAAYA, G.P. (2003). Prospects for innovative methods of tick control in Africa

Insect Science and Its application, Vol. 23, No.1, 59-67.

22. MARANGA, R.O., HASSANALI, A., KAAYA, G. P AND MUEKE, J. M. (2003). Attraction of Amblyomma variegatum (ticks) to the attraction-aggregation- attachment pheromone with or without carbon dioxide in the field.

Experimental and Applied Acarology ,29: 121-130.

23. SOLOMON GEBRE AND GODWIN G. P. KAAYA.( 2001). Studies on the development and

survival of Rhiphicephalus pulchellus and Amblyomma gemma under field condition in

Ethiopia. Ethiopian Veterinary Journal , 28-44.

24. KAAYA, G. P. (2000). The potential of anti-tick plants as components of integrated tick

control strategy. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 916 : 576-582. 25. KAAYA, G. P. (2000). Laboratory and field evaluation of entomogenous fungi for tick control. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 916 : 559-564. 26. KAAYA, G. P., SAMISH, M. AND ITAMAR, G. (2000).Laboratory Evaluation of Pathogenicity of Entomogenous nematodes to African tick species. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci , 916: 303-308. 27. KAAYA, G. P AND HASSAN, S.M. (2000). Entomogenous fungi as promising biopesticides for tick control. Experimental and Applied Acarology,24: 913-923.

28. SOLOMON, G., KAAYA, G. P., GEBREAB, F., GEMETCHU, T. AND TILAHUN, G.

(1998). Population studies on ticks feeding on indigenous cattle and incidence of tick-borne parasites in Didtuyura ranch in southern Ethiopia. Insect Science and Its Application,

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18:59-66. 29. SOLOMON, G. AND KAAYA, G. P. (1998). Development, reproductive capacity and survival of Amblyomma variegatum and Boophilus decoloratus in relation to host resistance and climatic factors under different field conditions. Veterinary parasitology, 75:241-253. 30. DOSSA, S. C., ESSUMAN, S. AND KAAYA, G. P. (1998). Characterization of Amblyomma variegatum tick saliva and salivary gland antigens inducing anti-tick immunity in Boran cattle. International Journal of Acarology, 24, 149-157. 31. SEBITOSI, E. N., KAAYA, G. P., YOUNG, A. S. AND AGBEDE, R. I. S. (1998). Lectins in brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus: Detection and partial characterization. International journal of Acarology, 24:159-164. 32. KAAYA, G. P. AND MWANGI, E. N. (1998). Control of livestock ticks in Africa: Possibilities of biological control using the entomogenous fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium “PERSPECTIVE”, (Eds. Coons, L. and Rothschild, M.), Vol. 1, PP 5-16, United Litho. 33. MWANGI, E. N. AND KAAYA, G. P. (1997). Prospects of using parasitoids (Insecta) for tick management in Africa. International Journal of Acarology, 23: 215-219. 34. MWANGI, E. N., HASSAN, S. M., KAAYA, G. P. AND ESSUMAN, S. (1997). The impact of Ixodiphagus hookeri, a tick parasitoid on Amblyomma variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae) in a field trial in Kenya. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 21: 117-126. 35. KAAYA, G. P. (1996). Mortality and pathology in tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) treated with Neem extracts. Tanzania Veterinary Journal, 16, 58-65. 36. SOLOMON, G. AND KAAYA, G. P. (1996). Comparison of resistance in three breeds of cattle against African Ixodid ticks. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 20, 223-230. 37. KAAYA, G.P., MWANGI, E.N. AND OUNA, E. (1996). Prospects for biological control of livestock ticks, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Amblyomma variegatum with the entomogenous fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 67, 15-20. 38. DOSSA, S.C., KAAYA, G.P., ESSUMAN, S., ODULAJA, A. AND ASSOKU, R.G.K. (1996). Acquisition of resistance to the tick Amblyomma variegatum in Boran cattle, Bos indicus and the effects of Trypanosoma congolense and Babesia bigemina on the resistance. Veterinary Parasitology, 62, 317 - 330. 39. KAAYA, G.P., MWANGI, E.N. AND MALONZA, M.M. (1995). Acaricidal activity of Margaritaria discoidea plant extracts against the ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Amblyomma varigatum. International journal of Acarology, 21, 123 - 129. 40. MWANGI, E.N., KAAYA, G.P., AND ESSUMAN, S. (1995). Natural and experimental infection of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus with pathogens and their potential for control of ticks. Journal of African Zoology, 109, 151 - 160. 41. KAAYA, G. P. AND MUNYINYI, D. (1995). Biocontrol potentials of the entomogenous fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for tsetse flies, Glossina spp. at developmental sites. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 66, 237 - 241. 42. MWANGI, E.N., ESSUMAN, S., KAAYA, G.P., NYANDAT, E., MUNYINYI, D. AND KOMONDO, M. G. (1994). Repellence of the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus by the grass Melinis minutiflora. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 27, 211 - 216.

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43 .MWANGI, E. N., KAAYA, G.P. AND KIMONDO, M.G. (1994). Infection of Amblyomma variegatum with a hymenopteran parasitoid in the laboratory and some aspects of its basic biology. Journal of Biological Control, 4/2, 101-104. 44. KAAYA, G.P. (1994 ). Achieving Sustainable Crop Production in Africa: Roles of pesticides and biological control agents in integrated pest management. Insect Science and Its Application, 15(2), 223-234. 45. KAAYA, G.P., SESHU REDDY, K.V. AND KOKWARO, E.D. (1993). Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Serratia marcescens to the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus. Biocontrol science and technology, 3, 177-187. 46. MWANGI, E.N., NEWSON, R. M. AND KAAYA, G.P. (1993). A new hymenopteran species of parasitoid isolated from the Bont tick, Amblyomma variegatum. Discovery and Innovation, 5, 331-335. 47. DAVIS-COLE, J.O.A., MORGAN, H. G., CHAUDHURY, M.F.B. AND KAAYA, G.P. (1993). Some aspects of sexual receptivity and refractory behavior in female Glossina morsitans Morsitans Westwood. Insect Science and its Applications 14, 723-727. 48. KAAYA, G.P. (1992). Non-chemical agents and factors capable of regulating tick populations in nature: A mini Review. Insect Science and Its Application, 13, 587-594. 49. MWANGI, E.N., DIPEOLU, O.O., KAAYA, G.P., NEWSON, R.M., AND HASSAN S.M. (1991). Predators, parasitoids and pathogens of ticks. A review.Biocontrol Science and Technology, 1, 147-156. 50. MWANGI, E.N., NEWSON, R.M. AND KAAYA, G.P. (1991). Drop-off patterns for engorged adult females, nymphs and larvae of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Insect Science and Its Application, 12, 629-633. 51. MWANGI, E.N., NEWSON R.M. AND KAAYA, G.P. (1991). Predation of free-living engorged female Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 12, 153-162. 52. KAAYA, G.P., KOKWARO, E.D. AND MURITHI, J. (1991). Mortalities and lesions in adult Glossina morsitans morsitans experimentally infected with Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Discovery and Innovation 3, 55-60. 53. KAAYA, G.P. AND OKECH, M.A. (1990). Microorganisms associated with tsetse in nature: Preliminary results on isolation, identification and pathogenicity. Insect Science and Its Application: 11, 443 - 448. 54. KAAYA, G.P. AND OKECH, M. A. (1990). Horizontal transmission of mycotic infection in adult tsetse, Glossina morsitans morsitans. Entomophaga 35: 46 - 57. 55. KAAYA, G.P. (1989). A review of the progress made in recent years on research and understanding of immunity in insect vectors of human and animal diseases. Insect Science and Its Application 10: 751 - 769. 56. KAAYA G.P. (1989). An assessment of antibiotic potentials of insect antibacterial factors. Insect Science and Its Application 10: 341 - 346.

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57. JURA, W.G.Z.O. AND KAAYA, G.P. (1989). Subcellular degeneration of mycetomal endocytobionts in tsetse, Glossina morsitans morsitans inoculated repeatedly with Escherichia coli. Current Microbiology, 19: 347 - 351. 58. KAAYA, G.P. AND DARJI, N. (1989). Mortality in adult tsetse, Glossina morsitans morsitans caused by entomopathogenic bacteria. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 54: 32 - 38.

59. KAAYA, G.P. (1989). Glossina morsitans morsitans: Mortalities caused in adults by Experimentalinfection with entomopathogenic fungi. Acta Tropica 46: 107 - 114.

60. KAAYA, G.P. (1989). Suppression of fecundity in tsetse flies, Glossina morsitans morsitans by antibiotics, bacterial and trypanosome infections. OAU/ISCTRC, 2l0 - l6. 61. MUTAYOBA, B.M., GOMBE, S., WAINDI, E.N.AND KAAYA, G. P. (1989). Comparative trypanotolerance of the small East African breeds of goats, from different localities, to Trypanosoma congolense infection. Veterinary Parasitology 31: 95 - 105. 62. MUTAYOBA, B.M., GOMBE, S., KAAYA, G.P. AND WAINDI, E.N. (1988). Effects of chronic experimental Trypanosoma congolense infection on the ovaries, pituitary, thyroid and adrenal glands in female goats. Research in veterinary science 44: 140 - 146. 63. MUTAYOBA, B.M., GOMBE, S., KAAYA, G.P. AND WAINDI, E.N. (1988). Trypanosome- induced gonadal dysfunction: Evidence of higher residual fertility in trypanotolerant small east African goats. Acta Tropica 45: 225 - 237. 64. MUTAYOBA, B.M., GOMBE, S., WAINDI, E.N. AND KAAYA, G.P. (1988). Depression of ovarian function and plasma progesterone and oestradiol - 17B in female goats chronically- infected with Trypanosoma congolense. Acta Endocrinologica (Copenh) 117: 477 - 484. 65. KAAYA, G.P. AND DARJI, N. (1988). The humoral defense system in tsetse: Differences in response due to age, sex and antigen types. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 12:

255 - 268. 66. KAAYA, G.P., DARJI, N. AND OTIENO, L.H. (1987). Effects of bacteria, antibacterial compounds and trypanosomes on tsetse reproduction and longevity. Insect Science and Its Application 8: 217 - 220. 67. KAAYA, G.P., BOMAN, H.G. AND FLYG, C. (1987). Insect immunity: Induction of cecropin and attacin-like antibacterial factors in the haemolymph of Glossina morsitans morsitans. Insect Biochemistry 17: 309 - 315. 68. KAAYA, G.P., OTIENO, L.H., DARJI, N. AND ALEMU, P. (1986). Defense reactions of Glossina morsitans morsitans against different species of bacteria and Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Acta Tropica 43: 31 - 42. 69. KAAYA, G.P., RATCLIFFE, N.A. AND ALEMU, P. (1986). Cellular and humoral defenses of Glossina (Diptera: Glossinidae): Reactions against bacteria, trypanosomes and experimental implants. Journal of Medical Entomology 23: 30 - 43.

70. KAAYA, G.P. AND DARJI, N. (1986). Humoral immunity in tsetse: Differences in response due to sex and age of tsetse, species and doses of immunizing agents and the in vitro

effects of temperature and bacterial factors. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 10: 627 – 628.

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71. WHITELAW, D.D., KAAYA, G.P., MOULTON, J.E., MOLOO, S.K. AND MURRAY, M. (1985). Susceptibility of different breeds of goats in Kenya to experimental infection with Trypanosoma congolense. Tropical Animal Health and Production 17: 155 - 165. 72. KAAYA, G.P. AND ALEMU, P. (1984 ). Further observations on survival and fertility of Glossina morsitans morsitans maintained on immunized rabbits. Insect Science and Its Application 5: 443 - 446. 73. KAAYA, G.P. AND ALEMU, P. (1982 ). Fecundity and survival of tsetse maintained on immunized rabbits. Insect Science and Its Application 3: 237 - 241. 74. KAAYA, G.P. AND RATCLIFFE, N.A. (1982). Comparative study of haemocytes and the associated cells of some medically important Dipterans.Journal of Morphology 173: 351 - 365. 75. ODINDO, M., TURNER, D.A., OTIENO, W.A. AND KAAYA, G.P. (1981). Cuticular lesions: Non-infectious integumental disease of Glossina spp. Insect Science and Its Application 2: 213- 217. 76. KAAYA, G.P., AND OTIENO, L.H. (1981). Haemocytes of Glossina: I. Morphological classification and the pattern of change with age of the flies. Insect Science and Its Application 2: 175 - 180. 77. KAAYA, G.P., MAXIE, M.G. AND VALLI, V.E.O. (1981). Cryopreservation of bovine hemopoietic progenitor cells in liquid nitrogen. Cryobiology 18: 119 - 124. 78. KAAYA, G.P. AND MAXIE, M.G. (1980). The kinetics of haemopoietic differentiation assayed by in vitro bone marrow culture in endotoxin-treated and in anemic calves. Research in Veterinary Science 29: 63 - 67. 79. KAAYA, G.P., TIZARD, I.R., MAXIE, M.G. AND VALLI, V.E.O. (1980). Inhibition of leukopoiesis by sera from Trypanosoma congolense infected calves: Partial characterization of the inhibitory factor. Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie 31: 232 - 238. 80. KAAYA, G.P. AND ODUOR-OKELLO, D. (1980). The Effects of Trypanosoma congolense infection on the testis and epididymis of the goat. Bulletin of animal Health and production in Africa, 28: 1-5. 81. KAAYA, G.P., MAXIE, M.G., VALLI, V.E.O. AND LOSOS, G.J. (1979). Bovine granulocyte/macrophage and erythroid colony culture: Characteristics of the colonies and the assay systems. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine, 43: 448 – 457. 82. KAAYA, G.P., VALLI, V.E.O., MAXIE, M.G. AND LOSOS, G.J. (1979). Inhibition of bovine bone marrow granulocyte/macrophage colony formation in vitro by serum collected from cattle infected with Trypanosoma vivax and T. congolense. Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie, 30: 230 – 235. 83. KAAYA, G.P., VALLI, V.E.O., AND MAXIE, M.G. (1978). Bovine erythrocytic, granulocytic, and macrophage colony formation in culture. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine, 42: 322 – 326.

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84. KAAYA, G.P., WINGVIST, G. AND JOHNSON, L.W. (1977). Clinico-pathological aspects of Trypanosoma congolense infection in goats. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 25: 397 – 408.

BOOK CHAPTERS

1. M. Hdedimbi, G.P.Kaaya, S. Singh, P.M. Chimwamurombe, G. Gindin, I. Glazer, and M. Samish

(2009). Protection of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia ftom ultra-violet radiation and their pathogenicity to Rhipicephalus evertsi everstsi ticks. In” DISEASES OF MITES AND TICKS, Eds.Jan Bruin, Leo, P.S van der Geest, PP. 149-156, Springer-Science + Business media E-ISBN: 978-1-4020-9695-2

2. KAAYA, G.P. (1993). Inducible humoral antibacterial immunity in insects. In "INSECT

IMMUNITY" Ed. Pathak, J.P.N., pp. 69-89, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Ltd, New Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta.

3. KAAYA, G.P. (1993). Biological Control: An environmentally-safe alternative to chemical

Pesticides. In "community-based environmentally-safe Pest Management", pp. 19-33, Eds. R.K. Saini and P.T. Haskell.

4. OTIENO, L.H., ODINDO, M.O., KAAYA, G.P. AND BANDA, H.K. (1990). Virus particle

infection in laboratory-reared Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae). In "Sterile Insect Technique for Tsetse Control and Eradication, pp. 173 - 178, IAEA, VIENNA, STI/PUB/830.

CONFERENCE PAPERS

1. BAYISSA, H. W., EKESI, S., KAAYA, G.P., MOHAMED, S., WAGACHA, J.M., AND MANIANIA, N.K.

(2014). Fungal strains selection and scree house evaluation of the virulent isolates against aphids

on crucifer and okra vegetables. In: 47th Annual Meeting of the Society for Invertebrate

Pathology and International Congress on Invertebrate Pathology & Microbial Control, 3-7 August,

Mainz, Germany.

2. BAYISSA, H. W., EKESI, S., MOHAMED, S.A., KAAYA, G.P., WAGACHA, J.M, HANNA, R. AND

MANIANIA, N.K. (2015). Broad based virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against aphid pests

of crucifers and okra. In: 21st Meeting and Conference of the African Association of Insect

Scientists, 19-23, October, Cotonou, Benin

3. KAAYA G.P. AND HEDIMBI, M. (2009). Evaluation of fungal entomopathogens as a component

of integrated tick management. Proc. AGRISSON Congress, Oshakati Country Hotel, July 1-2,

2009

4. KAAYA G.P.(2009). Derivatives of Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) have potential for control of

African tick species of economic importance. Proc. AGRISSON Congress, Oshakati Country

Hotel, July 1-2, 2009.

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5. KAAYA G.P., KANDILA-MUANDINGI, P.N., LOTFY EL-SAYED, H.R, AND MSHIGENI, K.

(2009). Determination of optimum ratios of seaweed in mushroom cultivation substrates and

ability of mushrooms to absorb iodine. Proc. AGRISSON Congress, Oshakati Country Hotel, July

1-2, 2009.

6. KAAYA ,G.P. (2009). Development of innovative method based on fungal entomopathogens for

control of the economically-important African ticks. 22nd World Association for the Advancement

of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP, 2009) Conference, August 08-13, Calgary, Canada.

7. KAAYA ,G.P. (2009). Neem (Azadirachta indica): Its potential for control of African ticks of

economic importance. 22nd World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology

(WAAVP, 2009) Conference, August 08-13, Calgary, Canada.

8. HEDIMBI, M., KAAYA G. P. AND CHIMWAMUROMBE P. M. (2009). Infections and

mortalities induced by Metarhizium anisopliae in various developmental stages of the red-legged

tick Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi using 2 formulations. Journal of the South African

Veterinary Association, 80 (2) p 129.

9. KAAYA, G.P. 2007. Entomopathogenic fungi with potential for tick control: A comparison of laboratory and field observations. PARSA 2006 , Windhoek, Namibia, September 25-27, 2006.

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association , 78(2), p 103.

10. HEDIMBI, M., KAAYA, G.P. SINGH, S. AND CHIMWAMUROMBE , P. 2007. Improvement of fungal formulations for tick control using oils and sunscreens. PARSA 2006 , Windhoek, Namibia, September 25-27, 2006.

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association , 78(2), p 102. 11. KIBUKA-SEBITOSI, E. AND KAAYA, G.P. 2006. The potential of lectins in the prevention

and control of tick-borne diseases. PARSA 2006 , Windhoek, Namibia, September 25-27, 2006. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association , 78(2), p 104.

12. KAAYA, G.P. 2006. The role of parasitic wasps in integrated tick management.

Proc. PARSA Conference, Magoebaskloof Hotel, Limpopo Province, RSA.

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 77 (2) p. 95.

13. KAAYA, G. P. 2004. The potential of Neem products for the control of African ticks.

Proc. PARSA Conference, 12-15 September 2004,Manyane, Pilansberg National Park,

RSA. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association (2005) 76 (3), 176.

14. KAAYA, G. P. 2004. Biocontrol of ticks using entomogenous fungi: Development of

cheap fungal culture methods. In proc. 3rd African Acarology Symposium, 11-15, January,

Cairo, Egypt .16.

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15. MARANGA, R.O., KAAYA, G.P., MUEKE,J. M. AND HASSANALI, A. (2004).

Performance of a prototype baited trap in attracting and infecting Amblyomma

variegatum (Fabricius, 1794) in field experiments. In proc. 3rd African Acarology

Symposium, 11-15, January, Cairo, Egypt p.40.

16. KAAYA, G.P. 2002. Novel methods in the control of ticks. Proc. PARSA Conf, Golden

Gate Highlands National Park, RS.Africa, October 07-11, pg 55-56. Journal of the

South African Veterinary Association (2003) 74 (3), 90-91

17. MMARANGA, R.O. KAAYA, G.P. MUEKE, J.M AND. HASSANALI, A (2001). Mortality of

Amblyomma variegatum (Fabricus, 1794) exposed to M. anisopliae and B. bassiana in traps

baited with attraction-aggregation-attachment pheromone combined with CO2 in the field .

Second African Acarology Symposium, ICIPE, Nairobi, Kenya, 3-7 December, 2001.

18. MARANGA, R.O., KAAYA ,G.P., MUEKE ,J.M. AND HASSANALI, A.(2001). Effect of

combining the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, on the mortality of

Amblyomma variegatum (Fabricus, 1794) .2nd African Acarology Symposium, ICIPE, Nairobi,

Kenya, 3-7 December, 2001.

19. MARANGA, R.O., HASSANALI, A. KAAYA ,G.P. AND MUEKE, J.M.(2001).The

attraction of Amblyomma variegatum to the aggregation-attachment pheromone with/without

CO2 in the field . 2nd African Acarology Symposium, ICIPE, Nairobi, Kenya, 3-7 December.

20. KAAYA,G.P.(2000).The potential of pathogenic fungi for tick control. Proceedings of the

parasitological society of southern African (PARSA) conference, September 27-30,

University of Orange Free State, Bluefontein, R. S. Africa. Journal of the South African

Veterinary Association (2001) 72 (2), 113.

21. KAAYA, G.P., SAXENA, R.C AND SOLOMON, G. (1999). Evaluation of Neem products for

control of the major African tick species. Proceedings of International Neem Conference,

Nov.20-Dec.3, ICIPE, Mbita Point Field Station, Kenya. 22. SEBITOSI, E., KAAYA, G. P., MWOOTHE, T., WORZAMA S., AND AGBEDE, R. I. S.,

(1998) Factors influencing vector/parasite transmission of Theileriosis in Africa. Intern. Conf. Assoc. Institutions of Trop. Vet. Med. Harare, Zimbabwe 12-19 September.

23. SEBITOSI, E. AND KAAYA, G. P, (1998). Factors influencing transmission of Theileriosis in Africa. The first Acarology Symposium Pretoria, South Africa, 22-25 November 1998. 24. KAAYA , G. P. AND SAXENA, R. C. (1997). Prospects for the control of ticks using Neem compounds. Proceedings of Uganda Veterinary Association Annual Conference, Kampala, 20-21, November 1997. 25. KAAYA, G. P. (1997). Evaluation of a fungal formulation for control of ticks in vegetation. Proc. Tanzania Vet.Association Annual Conference, Arusha, 2-4, December 1997. 26. KAAYA, G. P. (1997). Biocontrol potentials of entomogenous fungi for the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Amblyomma variegatum. Proc. Invert. Path. Conf. Aug. 24-29, Banff, Canada.

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27. KAAYA, G. P. (1996) INSECT IMMUNE MECHANISMS: Their roles in vectorial capacity and efficacy of biological control agents. Proceedings of Tanzania Entomological Association conference, September 24-26, Arusha, Tanzania. 28. KAAYA, G. P. (1995). Biological control of livestock ticks using entomogenous fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Proceedings of Tanzania Veterinary Association Scientific conference, Arusha, 5 - 7 December 1995. 29. KAAYA, G.P. AND MWANGI, E.N. (1994). The potential of indigenous botanicals for tick control in Africa. Proceedings of 12th Tanzania Veterinary Association scientific conference, Arusha, Tanzania, November 29 to December 1, 1994. 30. MATUMBARA-MABVENI, A.R.S. AND KAAYA, G.P. (1994). Antibacterial activity in Crop- borers haemolymph: Implications for biological control. Proceedings of third International Conference on Tropical Entomology, October 30 to November 4, 1994, Nairobi, Kenya. 31. MWANGI, E.N., KAAYA, G.P. AND ESSUMAN, S. (1994). Studies on Ixodiphagus hookeri, a parasitoid of Amblyomma variegatum in Kenya. Proceedings of 9th International Congress of Acarology, Columbus, Ohio, USA, July 17-22. 32. KAAYA, G.P., AND MWANGI, E.N. (1994). Biocontrol potentials of Entomogenous fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for livestock ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Amblyomma variegatum. Proceedings of 9th International Congress of Acarology, Columbus, Ohio, USA, July 17 - 22. 33. KAAYA, G.P. (1993). The role of indigenous plant extracts in integrated control of African livestock ticks. Proceedings of 9th International Veterinary Hemoparasite Disease Conference, October 6-9, Merida, Mexico, paper No. 35. 34. KAAYA, G.P. (1992). Prospects for biological control of tsetse and livestock ticks using entomophathogenic fungi. Proceedings of 10th Tanzania Veterinary Association Scientific Conference, Arusha, Tanzania, December 1-3, 1992. 35. KAAYA, G.P. AND MWANGI, E.N. (1992). Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for tsetse Glossina morsitans and ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Proceedings of Society for Invertebrate pathology conference, August 16-21, 1992, Heidelberg, Germany 36. KAAYA, G.P. (1991). Biological control agents and other natural factors as regulators of tick populations. Proceedings of 9th Tanzania Veterinary Association Conference, Arusha, Tanzania,

3-5 December 1991. 37. KAAYA, G.P. AND SESHU-REDDY, K.V. (1991). Pathogenity and biocontrol potentials of entomopathogens Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Serratia marcescens for the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus. Proceedings of Annual Meeting of the Society for Invertebrate Pathology, August 4-8, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA.

38. KAAYA, G.P. (1991). Microorganisms associated with tsetse in nature and their pathogenicity tests. Proceedings of Annual Meeting of Society for Invertebrate Pathology, August 4 - 8, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA. 39. KAAYA, G.P. (1990). Pathogenicity and biocontrol potentials of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for tsetse Glossina morsitans morsitans. Proceedings of Vth International

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Colloquium on Invertebrate Pathology and Microbial control, August 20 - 24, Adelaide, Australia, p. 106.

40. KAAYA, G.P. (1990). Humoral antibacterial immunity in tsetse. In "Molecular and Physiological Basis of Vector Parasite Interactions and Its Epidemiological Implications". P.7, Dormy House Hotel, Broadway, Worcestershire, February 18-21, United Kingdom. 41. KAAYA, G.P. (1989). Laboratory evaluation of biocontrol potentials of entomopathogenic fungi for tsetse. Proceedings of the 7th Tanzania Veterinary Association Scientific Conference, Arusha, Tanzania, December 5 - 7, p. 89-93. 42. KAAYA, G.P. (1989). Humoral immunity in tsetse. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Molecular Insect Science, October 22 -27, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A., p. 56.

43. KAAYA, G.P. (1989). Antibiotic properties of insect antibacterial factors. Proceedings of the 8th Annual Joint Scientific Conference, Arusha, Tanzania, February 22 – 24. 44. KAAYA, G.P. AND DARJI, N. (1988). Pathogenicities of different entomopathogenic bacteria for adult tsetse Glossina morsitans morsitans. Proceedings of the XVIII International Congress of Entomology, Vancouver, BC. Canada, July 3 - 9 P. 256. 45.KAAYA, G.P. (1986). Future prospects of biological control of tsetse. The Kenya Veterinarian 10(2) P.5. Proceedings of Scientific Meeting of Nairobi Cluster and Kenya Veterinary Association, ILRAD, Nairobi, Kenya, 21-22 October 1986.

46. KAAYA, G.P. AND DARJI, N. (1986). Humoral immunity in tsetse: Differences in response due to sex and age of tsetse, species and doses of immunizing agents and the in vitro effects of temperature and bacterial factors. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 10: 627 - 628. Proceedings of ISDCI Conference on Molecular Aspects of Invertebrate Immunology, 28 - 30, September 1986, Berlin. 47. KAAYA, G.P., BOMAN, H.G., FLYG, C. AND OTIENO, L.H. (1986). Characteristics of acquired humoral immunity in tsetse flies, Glossina morsitans morsitans. In "FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY", pp. 547. (Proceedings of the 4th International colloquium of Invertebrate pathology, August 18 - 22, Veldhoven, The Netherlands 48. KAAYA, G.P., OTIENO, L.H. AND DARJI, N. (1985). Cellular and humoral immunity in Glossina. Developmental and comparative immunology 9: 177. Proceedings of ISDCI invertebrate immunology conference, 17 - 20, September 1984, Montpellier, France.