Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity...
Transcript of Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity...
Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity Area in Japan
Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity Area in Japan
The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc Osaka, Japan
Fumiaki Ishida
iiESI Asian WS(2014.11.17)
- Contents - 1
1. Utility’s Roles and Smart Grid
2. The Utility’s Approach (a) Approach to large-scale solar power interconnection
(b) Installation of Smart Meter (c) Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na Science City
3. Conclusion
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Power plants
2Basic Roles of Grid (Power System) and Utility
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Power plants Grid (power system)
Safety + 3”E”; uHigh quality [Energy Security] - Frequency (60±0.1Hz (95% or higher) ) - Voltage (101±6V, 202±20V) - High reliability uInexpensive [Economy]
uLow carbon [Environment]
Customers
“S”+ 3 “E”s
Increased recently
Target Amount of Solar Power Generation in Japan 3
Target raised (2009) 60% residential
40% nonresidential
80% residential
20% nonresidential
20% nonresidential
80% residential
70% residential
30% nonresidential
The concept is to install PV panels on all newly built houses and on 50,000 already standing houses
28GW
14GW
1.4GW
ca.40-fold increase from 2005 53GW
ca.20-fold increase from 2005
PV [GW]
per year
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
4Installation amount of Renewable Energy in Japan
* Except for big-hydro 25
Feed-in Tariff
19.8 20
Inst
alla
tion
amou
nt(G
W)
5
10
15
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
13.9
6.9 4.9 3.6 2.6 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.1 0.9
12.6 10.5
9.0 7.7 6.9 6.4 5.8
4.7 4.1 3.4
0
Fiscal Year
Photovoltaic Wind power Geothermal Mid- & small-hydro power Biomass
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
5 KEPCo’s Smart Grid Vision
- Safety, low-carbon, and improvement of our customers’ conveniences - Efficient, high-quality and reliable grid using new technologies (e.g. ICT, batteries)
LegendPower plants ■Ensure supply-demand Power system
balance adjustment by Communication lines (for power) Pumped-Nuclear Thermal Hydro storage developing solar power generation Communication lines (for general)
■Maintenance and renewal of forecast technology Central Load Electricity rate transmission facilities for the
calculation center ■Visualize energy usage Dispatch center On-line notice purpose of enabling stable interconnection using SmartMeter of low carbon power sources
Trunk line system Customers interconnecting substation AMI
■Improvement of supply-Heat pump hot
Inverter Battery demand balance adjustment water heater
by controling with batteries Distribution PV panels
Automation System Dispatch control center
Smart meter etc. MeasurementControl Wind EV
■Advanced Distribution Mega-solar Distribution substation Automation System
Dispersed power source
Switches with SVR: Step Voltage Regulator Battery built-in SVC: Static Var Compensator) Inverter Remote controlled sensors SVR/SVC ©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
- Contents - 6
1. Utility’s Roles and Smart Grid
2. The Utility’s Approach (a) Approach to grid issues in case of large-scale
penetration of PVs (b) Installation of Smart Meter (c) Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na Science City
3. Conclusion
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
7 Grid issues with large-scale penetration of PVs
100
sunny 80
Fluctuation
Surplus Out
put
Outp
ut 〔%〕
60
40
cloudy
rainy
20
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Time of day
16 18 20 22 0
Pumping-up
Load curve
太陽光
Solar power
Pumped hydropowergeneration
0 2 4 6 8
Existing power supply
(Time of day) 10 12 14 18 2016 22 24
Reverse power flow
Voltage Rise
PV panel
:Current
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
7
8 Development of the new demand-supply balancing system with batteries
<Outline>
Solar power generation
Hydroelectric power
Thermal power
Output instruction
Present output
Demand-Supply control system Substation
Wind power
Inverter Battery
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
9 Development of the new demand-supply control system using batteries
(Study point) ・Coordination with thermal and hydro power stations and SOC management of batteries ・Battery characteristic such as life-length, loss, SOC measurement
Ishizukawa S/S Frequency Input Control unit
Charge/Discharge control signal Charging Discharging
Discharge 60.1 Frequency PCS: 250kVA
〔H
z〕
60
Batteries59.9 ChargeNi-MH: 100kWh
3m 59 60
61Demand Supply Sakai Solar Power Station
5m 6m(10MW) Frequency adjustment ©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Voltage Rise Problems of Distribution Lines 10
Power Flow from substation Reverse power flow from PVs
Distributing substations
Transformer
PV
107 V
95 V App
ropr
iate
vo
ltage
rang
e
without reverse power flow
Exceeding 107 V
with reverse power flow
When the voltage of distribution lines goes beyond the standard range (101±6V), the PVs output are automatically restricted soon. ⇒ The more PVs are installed, the more PVs output are restricted.
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced Distribution Automation system 11
In addition to the feature of conventional distribution automation system, new function is added.・Monitor and control of power quality (mainly voltage) by sensor switches・Step Voltage Regulator by remote control
Outline of Advanced Distribution Automation system
Distribution Automation Server
Distribution substations
Photovoltaic power
Distribution line
Communications network
Measurement Measurement
Measurement
Control Control
Sensor switch Remote control type of Step Voltage Regulator (SVR)
Photovoltaic power Customer
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Overview of Distribution Automation System (DAS) 12
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Sales office
communication network for DAS
Substation
Remote control (on/off)
Remote control order from the sales office • Reduction of outage duration, and minimization of outage areas • Automatic power transmission except for the fault section
<Control>
•Transmitting some operational information of automatic Sectionalizing switch and substation to the sales office. •Monitoring the current and voltage information.
<Supervision>
<Control> Automatic section switch
Slav
e C
ontr
ol u
nit
If there is no voltage,VSs open.
*1 lock:If there is no voltage for 0.5~5.5s after it re-close, it will be locked and will not re-close again.
After 7 seconds,VS re-close.
Locked
13 DAS Operation Sequence
Sub Station Section Section Section Section
VS1 VS2 3 VS3 4 VS41 2
0m 00s Fault occurs CB-trips VSs-open
1m 00s relay closes CB
1m 07s VS1- re-close VS5
Lineman goes to section 3, 1m 14s VS2- re-close and searches the fault point CB-trips VSs open(VS2 locked*1) and restore.
DAS system automatically runs.
1m 14s+α DAS automatically close VS4 Section 5
Automatically close VS4 & VS6 to supply section 4 & 5 & VS6 to supply non-fault 4m 14s relay re-close CB VS6 sections, 4 and 5 4m 21s VS1 – re-close
・VS2 has already locked and not re-closed ・fault section 3 is isolated
CB
6m 00s relay reset ©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
- Contents - 14
1. Utility’s Roles and Smart Grid
2. The Utility’s Approach (a) Approach to large-scale solar power interconnection
(b) Installation of Smart Meter (c) Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na Science City
3. Conclusion
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
KEPCo’s Smart Meter (Plug-in module type) 15
Conventional Smart Meter ・Integrated structure ・3unit structure Communication unit
Proper communication media can be selected.
Metering unit � Certification is only for this unit � Plug-in structure realize no
live-line work
Switching unit (option) � Switching function is achieved
by SW-unit � On/Off is switched remotely
Same size
- Plug-in module structure frees us from live-line work !! - SW unit or other value-added function unit can be
installed if necessary
3 million Smart Meters are deployed (As of August, 2014)©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Unit Case
Switching Unit (Option)
Structure of KEPCo’s Smart Meter 16
Unit Case
Communication Unit
Metering Unit
Metering Unit
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
17 Outline of KEPCo’s Advanced Metering Infrastructure
Remote meter reading - Improving operational efficiency. - Reducing injury accident risk for meter readers - Solving hard-to–access meter problem
Electric Charge calculation Wireless (for detached houses) based on 30-min usage data
Smart Meter at the Data Center Concentrator
Communication network
Select appropriate - Charge-free communication network communication system - Automatically configured ad-hoc network Data Center based on the WHM
installation environment
Smart Meter
Service Office Concentrator
PLC (for multi dwelling building) Fiber optics KEPCO’s own network
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Visualization of Energy Consumption 18
[Purpose] ◆ Send utility bills to our customers (not posting) ◆ Support energy saving for our customers
◆ Customers can check the bill anytime, anywhere. - Charge information will be sent. - Able to access via PC or Cell Phone - Able to check the purchase rate generated by Solar Panel.
- Able to check last 24 months data. - Able to compare with the bill (last month, last year)
◆ Compare with the bill with the others - Show CO2 emission
◆ Show the simulation result of energy saving ◆ Make the power saving target, and record ◆ Able to download the usage data (.csv, .pdf)
1 hour interval electricity consumption is shown.
(For the customers where smart meter is deployed)
Graph of utility bill and usage data
[Customer’s Voice] (Woman, 40s) “This service is very useful and we are happy we can check our utility bill and interval usage data via internet.”
740,000 Customers joined(2014.3)
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Visualization of Energy Consumption 19
Show utility bill and energy usage (in ranking format)
Show the energy saving simulation result by replacing Eco-friendly home appliances (such as refrigerator, air-conditioner,…)
Based on Type of House, Number of Rooms、Number of Family members)
Your rank is shown
Customer’s rank after replacing home appliance
Utility bill saving effect of home appliance replacement
Saving Result (Whole Year)
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
- Contents - 20
1. Utility’s Roles and Smart Grid
2. The Utility’s Approach (a) Approach to large-scale solar power interconnection
(b) Installation of Smart Meter (c) Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na Science City
3. Conclusion
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
21 Japanese Demonstration Projects of Smart Community
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Yokohama City: A large scale demonstration of HEMS with 4,000 houses
Toyota City: A large scale installation of 4,000 PHVs
Kei-han-na Science City (“Kei”=Kyoto, “han”=Osaka, “na”=Nara)
<Kansai EP joined>: Demonstration of 700 houses in
Kitakyushu City:
a normal residential area. (Demand Response (DR) using Smart Meter)
Demonstration of dynamic pricing model in a local grid
n Demonstration Project of Next Generation Energy and Society System n Energy utilization including electricity, heat and unused energy n Demonstration and combination of local transportation system modernization and
citizen’s lifestyle innovation
DR Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na 22
Tablet
Smart meter
Home
Notice of dates for CPP
Power consumption
Remaining points
WLAN
30-min usage data
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
CPP(Critical Peak Pricing) Method
DR Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na 23 Simulated points CPP(Critical Peak Pricing) Method Starting pts.
◆ A simulated point system instead of the regular contracted rate ◆ Simulated point system ( C D ) ✔ All participating residents were given points at the start. 0✔ When customers consumed power during peak hours,
Simulated point system
CPP day CPP day
Days
Remaining pts.
points were deducted at a rate as follows; - On normal days : 20 P / kWh. ( TOU ) - On CPP days : 2x(40P/kWh), 3x(60P/kWh), 4x(80P/kWh)
◆Participating household were divided into four groups, with each group being subject to specific DR measures.
Notification
・Visualization
・Visualization・Advance-
・Visualization・TOU・CPP
A
B
C
D ・Visualization・TOU・CPP
.
Summer Winter Peak hours Weekday 1 p.m. - 4 p.m. (3hours) Weekday 6 p.m. - 9 p.m. (3hours)
Term [2012] Jul.23 - Sep.28[2013] Jul. 8 - Sep.18 (46 Weekdays) [2012] Dec.17 - Feb.28
[2013] Dec. 2 - Feb.13 (46 Weekdays)
Requirement maximum temperature ≧ 30℃ maximum temperature ≦ 14℃
Repeat 15 - 16 (40P, 60P, 80P x 5 - 6 each) 21 – 24 (40P, 60P, 80P x 7 – 8 each) Starting Pts. 7,000 P 16,000 P
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
DR Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na 24
2012 2013
S
cons
(Pow
er consumption)
0.26kWh※ ▲7.3% ▲11.3% ▲13.6% ▲15.9% 20P
40P 60P 80P
cons
0.29kWh※ ▲7.6% 20P ▲3.7%
40P ▲5.5% 60P
▲7.1% 80P
umm
Control
umption
TOU CPP
Control p
umption
TOU CPP
er
power ※30min. average power consumption during DR
ower
in proj
in project (DR method)
ect
Winter
Control pow
er consum
ption in project
0.55kWh※
TOU CPP
▲14.5%
▲2.6% ▲4.9% ▲7.2% 20P 40P 60P 80P C
ontrol power
consumption in project
0.55kWh※
TOU
▲14.6% 20P ▲1.8%
40P
CPP
▲3.6% 60P
▲5.4% 80P
Effect 2012 to 2013 (Summer) 2012 to 2013 (Winter) Winter to Summer TOU 2013 ≒ 2012 2013 ≒ 2012 Winter ≒ Summer x 2 CPP 2013 ≒ 2012 x 1/3 or 1/2 2013 < 2012 Winter << Summer
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
- Contents - 25
1. Utility’s Roles and Smart Grid
2. The Utility’s Approach (a) Approach to large-scale solar power interconnection
(b) Installation of Smart Meter (c) Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na Science City
3. Conclusion
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
Conclusion 26
■ S (Safety) + 3E (Energy security, Economy, Environment) will continue to be the priority mission in pursuing the best energy policy in the future. We the KEPCO will also advance our Smart Grid construction
with S+3E as the premise.
■ As we pursue the road toward the Smart Grid, the following points must be emphasized: ① That our grid will accommodate large-scale renewable
energy generators; and ② That our energy conservation methods do not sacrifice
our customers’ conveniences.
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.
27
Thank you for your kind attention
©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.