Cultural tourism in shahpur

Cultural Tourism Development (with special reference to Shahpur)

By - Preeti. S Introduction

Shahpur is a Taluk headquarter situated 77km south of Gulbarga and 549km north of Bangalore. Tradition aver that this was the same sagar, headquarter of sagar, the headquarter of sagarnadu, which was ruled by emperor Sagar of puranic fame and that the near by hill itself is the Sagaradri. The Shahpur fort is belived by some to be the one constructed by emperor Sagar.

Located on the hill at shahapur, this fort of Sagarnadu was probably constructed during the Kalyani chalukya period; later on further strengthen under the rule of Adil Shahi kings.

This appears to have been the same as Sagar, the administrative center of Sagar-300 and Sagar-500, mentioned in ancient inscriptions.

Later on under the Muslims, it accrued the name Nasaratabad and further later appears to have become Shahpur.

Seven Persian inscriptions have so far been reported from this place.

Belonging to the period between 1555 and 1857, this inscription helps to trace the past history of Shahpur.

The mountain to the south of the Shahpur itself is the Sagaradri as recorded in the Mandakini-mahatme and it several scared spots.

The Shahpur fort is located on the hill Shahpur this fort of sagarnadu was probably constructed during the Kalyana Chalukya period, later on further strengthened under the rule of Adil Shahi kings. It seems to have suffered an attack of the Mughals also. During the time of the Nayakas of Surapura, two more rows of fortification were added and gateways built. Thus expanded from time to time for about 800 yrs, this is a hill fort having eight fortification walls standing at a height of 600 feet from the ground level and it has the credit of being the longest fort in the whole District. Krishnadevaraya appears to have held this fort for some time after defeating

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the Adil Shahis. It is noteworthy in this connection that Aliya Ramaraya had the title Sagara-Sankramanaraya.

1.2 Objectives:

To study the history and geography of Shahapur

To know the cultural activities of Shahapur.

To understand the importance, concept & impacts of cultural tourism.

To know the important attractions in shahapur.

To study the near by attractions of Shahapur.

To find out the role of community assistance programmes for the development of Cultural tourism.

To deeply study the benefits of undertaking National and Regional tourism planning.

To study the promotional activities to develop cultural tourism in shahapur.

To understand the problems related to tourism destination to develop cultural tourism in Shahapur.

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1.3 Research Methodology

Following methods shall be used for data collection

Primary data.Primary data are original sources from which one can directly collect data that have not been previously collected, Questionnaires, interview & observation methods shall be used for primary data collection.

Secondary data.These are sources congaing data which have been collected & compiled for another purpose, the secondary data shall be collected through library, literature review, review of previous works in the related field, review of books, tourism department publications, internet, journals, Etc.

1.4 Limitations

As per my academic project I visited Shahpur and my research is limited up to the geographical area of Shahpur only and my study is related to the Shahpur tourist destination and also near by attractions which are close to the Shahpur.

This project report covers the geographical area of Shahpur city only and also it mentions the deep research or study done on the Shahpur as tourist destinations to know the attractions and to promote cultural tourism in Shahpur.

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2.1 History of Shahpur

Shahpur is a taluk headquarter situated 77km south of Gulbarga and 549km north to the Bangalore. Tradition aver that this was the Sagara, the headquarter of Sagarnadu, which was ruled over by emperor Sagar of puranic fame and that the near by hill itself is the Sagaradri.

This appears to be belived the same as sagar, the administrative center of sagar-300 and sagar-500, mentioned in the ancient inscriptions.

Later on under the Muslims, it accrued the name Nasaratabad and further later appears to have become Shahpur.The mountain to the south of Shahpur itself is the Sagaradri as recorded in the Mandakini-mahatme and it has on it several scared spots.

Seven Persian inscriptions have so far been reported from this place. Belonging to the period of between 1555 and 1857, these inscription help to trace the past history of Shahpur. The four inscription belonging to Ibrahim Adil Shah lying on the gateways of the fort of Shahpur reveal that it was then it was then it was then know as Nasaratabad. In addition they also give details about the construction of those gateways. The remaining three inscriptions belong to the period 1799-1857 and pertain to the construction of a mosque and Ashur khana.

The Shahpur fort is believed by to be constructed by emperor Sagara located on the hill of Shahpur, this fort of Sagaragadu under the rule of Adil Shahi kings. It seema to have attack an of the mughals also. During the time of nayakas of surapur, two more fortification was added and the gateways build. Thus expanded from time to time for about 800yrs, this is a hill fort having eight fortification walls standing at a height of 600 feet from the ground level and it has the credit of being the longest fort in the whole district.

These tirthas include Charabeshveshvara’s Gadddige, Mauneshvara anushthana, Pandavarakallu, Bhimanagavi, Gavi Ranganatha, Siddlingeshwara, Goggammambe, Nagabassapa, Anjinaya, Diggi Sangamanatha, and Chanadasaheb, Tavarekere, Mandakini tirtha, Nilammana bhavi ect.At the foot hill

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of the Shahpur a sculpture of an eighteen armed Chamundi in terrific from belonging to the Kalyani Chalukya period has been discovered .

The Ekadandi matha of the Vishvakarma community is also here and it possess a copper-plate inscription of the time of Krishnadevaraya.

The historical place such as Shirval, Sannathi, Gogi etc. Are very near to Shahpur and can be reached by good roads.

2.2 Demography, Geography and other features of Shahapur Taluk

Geographical Position: -

Shahpur Taluk is one of the ten taluks of the district. The taluk is bounded by: Jewargi Taluk in the North, Yadgir Taluk in the East, Raichur District in the South and Shorapur taluk in the West.

The geographical area of the Taluk is 1694 Sq.Kms. It is located at a distance of 80 kms from district headquarter of Gulbarga.

Soil : -The district is grouped under North-Eastern Transition and Dry Agro-

Climatic Zone having an extensive plateau with an elevation of 365-610 meters above sea level. The soils in the district are mainly categorized as shallow to medium black clay in major areas of North Eastern Dry Zone and red laterite in the remaining area of North Eastern Transition Zone - Aluvial soils are found on the banks of two major rivers of Krishna and Bheema.

Rivers: - The Krishna River in its South separates it from Raichur district. Bheema

River is the natural boundary on the East of the taluk.

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Climate: - The climate is generally dry and healthy. The seasons are in the pattern

of those generally in the Deccan. The summer starts from the middle of February and continues until end of June. The South-West monsoon follows thereafter and extends upto the end of September. The period from December to middle of February is the winter season.

The Normal rainfall in Shahpur is 723 mm. During 2004, the rainfall was 595.2 mm. The minimum temperature is between 14 °c to 15°c in December and maximum temperature range between 42°c to 45°c in summer.

Administrative Division: - The district has three sub-divisions, namely Gulbarga, Sedam and Yadgir.

Yadgir Sub division includes Yadgir, Shahpur and Shorapur taluk. The sub-division headquarters of Shahpur is located at Yadgir

Shahpur taluk consists of 36 Gram Panchayats, 5 Hoblies, 145 inhabitant villages. Have 2 towns & 1 Municipality.

Population and Occupational Structure: - The total populations of Shahpur as per 2001 census are 293518 of which

148319 are male and 145199 are female. The urban and rural population is 43699 and 249819 respectively. The density of population in the taluk is 173 per sq.kms. The sex ratio of the taluk is 979 compared to 966 in the district. The literacy rate in the taluk is 38.8% as against district average of 50.00While reviewing the occupational distribution of population in Shahpur Taluk as per 2001 census, it is revealed that, the main and marginal category of workers constitute 75.79% and 24.21% respectively. The non-workers constitute 55.43% of the total population. Considering the workers in different sectors, it was found that cultivators accounted for 33.17%. Agricultural laborer 41.76%, Forestry, Fisheries and other activities accounted for 1.92% and other services

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constituted 23.15% to the total workers. Of the total workers, male constitute 59.15% while 40.85% represent female workers. In the district the male workers constitute 60.2% and female workers form 39.8%

Area and Land Utilization Pattern: - The land utilization pattern of Shahpur Taluk during 2004-05 was as

under:

Table .2.1Statement showing Land Utilization in Shahpur Taluk as on 2003 – 04

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Sl. No.

Category Area in Ha.

(2004-05)

1 Forest 4995

2 Land put to non-agriculture use

12307

3 Barren 3456

4 Cultivable waste 1411

5 Permanent pastures 3350

6 Trees and Groves 67

7 Fallow land 22146

8 Net area sown 111760

Total 1,59,492


Table 2.2 indicates that about 70.07% of the total area was under agriculture which confirms the agrarian economy of the taluk. Further, the Barren area, Land put to non-agri use and fallow land constituted 37,906 hectares which is about 23.77% of the total area, can be utilized for the development of the industry.

Income: - The income is a good indicator of economic development achieved by

various sectors of the economy in an area/district. However, the sectoral composition of the taluk wise income in respect of Sedam Taluk is not available. Hence, the sectoral composition of the district as a whole is analyzed in the following paragraphs, which more or less depict of the economy of the taluk at constant prices in 1993-94 prices. The per capita gross domestic income of the district was Rs 2, 80,420.00 Lakhs and this accounted to 3.88% of the total gross domestic income of Rs.72, 32,038.00 Lakhs of the state. The sect oral composition of the district is presented in the table.

SECTORAL COMPOSITION OF GROSS DISTRICT INCOME OF GULBARGA DISTRICT AT CONSTANT (1993-94) PRICES

TABLE2.2

District State

Sl. No.

Sectors Rs. In lakhs

% to total income

(Rs. In lakhs)

1 Agriculture including Animal Husbandry

83141 29.65 1505902

2 Forestry and logging 5296 1.89 103311

3 Fishing 334 0.12 29909

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4 Mining and quarrying 4341 1.55 56839

5 Manufacturing 26388 9.41 1453983

6 Construction 31364 11.18 529310

7 Electricity, gas & water supply

5209 1.86 159763

8 Railways 1045 0.37 30967

9 Transport by other means 7568 2.70 217837

10 Storage 74 0.03 1827

11 Communication 13853 4.94 341523

12 Trade, hotels and restaurants

27209 9.70 957844

13 Banking and Insurance 7425 2.65 453576

14 Real estates, ownership of dwellings, business and services

20975 7.48 491803

15 Public Administration 10692 3.81 260651

16 Other Services 36507 13.02 636993

Total 280420 100.36 7232038

RESOURCES OF SHAHPUR TALUK

Portrays the resources endowment – natural & human

It is of vital importance to study the various resources available in an area before embarking upon the identification of industries, having scope for development in that area. It is a well-known fact that the industrial

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development of an area depends to a great extent on its resource endowment and its proper exploitation and utilization. In this chapter, the resources of Shahpur Taluk have been analyzed and this would lead to justification of resource based industries in the Taluk. The resources of the area can be distinctly classified into the following categories.

(a) Material Resources

(b) Human Resources.

Agricultural Marketing: - The agriculture produces grown in the area are generally brought to the regulated market for fetching better prices for the farmers. In Shahpur Taluk, there is 1 regulated market & 3 sub-regulated markets for transaction of crops. The total transaction for agriculture produce that has taken place during 2004-05 was Rs.1669.14 Cores as against Rs. 41,403.67 Cores transacted in the district.

Horticulture: - The soil and climate of the taluk are favorable for growing horticultural

crops in the taluk. The farmers are not coming forward to increase area under horticulture crops due to the absence of marketing conditions and cold storage facilities. The production of horticulture crops may go up if some cold storage facilities are established and some fruit processing units are started in the taluk.

Forest:- The Taluk has no significant forest resources. The forest area in the taluk constitutes 3.13% of the total geographical area. Even the district forest area accounts for only 4% of the total geographical area of the district. The Taluk as well as the district do not have any significant minor or major forest produce.

Water Resources and Irrigation: -

The irrigation facilities have improved in the Taluk though not significantly.

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Irrigation Facilities in Shahpur Taluk during the year 2004-05

Area in Hectares

Sl.No

Sources Taluk% to Districts

District

1 Canals 52446 35.81 1,49,074

2 Tanks -- -- 3,324

3 Wells 346 1.11 31,410

4 Borewell 174 2.41 7,208

5 Lift Irrigation -- -- 1068

6 Others 376 8.91 4220

Fisheries: - Since Shahpur is a land-locked Taluk, inland fisheries are the only source of

fish catch. However, the fisheries resource is insignificant in the Taluk as well as in the district. The Districts fish catch is around 4,358 Tones during 2004-05. During 2004 – 2005 the fish catch in the Taluk was 730 MT.

Animal Husbandry: - Shahpur Taluk has a live stock population of 328297 numbers as against the

district total of 2239870 (14.66% of the district). The Poultry population in the taluk is the highest in the district.

Minerals: - Shahpur Taluk is some what rich in minerals.

Human Resources: Availability of natural resources in a particular area is not alone sufficient

for industrial development. There should be adequate availability of skilled manpower among its human resources to exploit natural resources.

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Population: - According to 2001 census, the population of Shahpur Taluk was 2, 93,518,

consisting of 1, 48,319 males and 1, 45,199 females. The taluk has 2, 49,819 rural population and 43,699 urban population. The urban population of the taluk constitutes only 14.89% of the total population of the Taluk.

The taluk population is about 9.37% of that of the district i.e. 31, 30,922 persons. The density of the population of the taluk is 173 persons per Sq. km. compared to the district average 192 persons per Sq. km. The literacy rate of the taluk constitutes 38.8% with literacy rate among men 49.9% and Female 27.5%.

Unemployed Registered: - The details of persons with education, registered in employment register in

the district for the year 2004-05 are noted below.

Indicates the registered unemployed persons category-wise in Gulbarga District Employment exchange during the year 2004-05. It is reported that male unemployed persons is gradually decreasing from year to year. In case of Female unemployed persons, it is also showing decreasing trend. This indicates the scope for employment is gradually increasing because of the different projects implemented in the district, besides scope created for self –employment. The same thing is confirmed if we review the registered unemployed persons in Shahpur Taluk during the year 2004-05.

Infrastructure:- Availability of sufficient infrastructure facilities like land, factory

accommodation, railways, Roads, Airlines, Post offices, financial institutions are essential for development of industry in an area. While thinking infrastructure development, it can be kept in view to provide urban facilities in Rural Areas (PURA) as the present President of India envisaged in his vision 2020 on resurgent Rural India. The PURA consisting of four connectivity of the village cluster through quality road and transport; electronic connectivity through tele-communications with hi band width, fiber optics cables reaching rural areas from urban cities and through internet ‘Kiosks’ knowledge connectivity through education, vocational

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training for farmers, artisans and craft men and entrepreneurship programme; these three connectivity leading to economic connectivity through starting of enterprises with the help of banks; micro-credit and marketing the products. It is in this context, the present infrastructure facilities available in the taluk as well as in the district are analyzed below and further improvement of the same will be discussed later.

The infrastructure facilities are classified into two broad categories i.e. physical infrastructure and social infrastructure.

(a) Physical Infrastructure: - It is mentioned earlier that 15763 hectares of land not available for

‘cultivation’ and fallow land constitute 22146 hectares in Shahpur Taluk. That is to say 37906 hectares of land in the taluk can be allotted for setting up of industries.

Roads: -

Proper road network is very essential for acquiring raw materials from different sources as per the requirement of existing and new industries. The same also helps in marketing of the finished products of the industries located in an area.

The road network of Shahpur Taluk is placed in table

Table 1.3Total Road length in Shahpur Taluk during 2004-05

Sl. No

Type of Road Taluk % District

1 State Highways 114.00 10.42 1094.00

2 Major District Roads

142.00 8.20 1731.73

3 Village Roads 514.07 9.24 5560.97

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4 Other District Roads

8.00 12.27 65.20

5 Municipality Road 12.00 1.45 824.89

Total790.07 8.52 9, 276.79

There is no national highway in the taluk as well as in the district. This is a serious draw back for the development of trade, commerce and industry of the taluk as also that of the district.

The length of the surface road in the taluk is 256.00 Kms constituting 9.06% of that of the district i.e. 2826 kms.

Road Transport : -

Road transport plays a vital role in industrial development of an area. There are various kinds of road transport available in the taluk right from bullock cart to heavy goods carrier vehicle. Category wise number of vehicles registered in Shahpur Taluk as on 31-3-2005 placed below in the table.

Table1.4 Category wise number of vehicles in Shahpur Taluk as on 31-3-2005

Sl.No Type of Vehicle Taluk % District

1 Scooters/Motor Cycles 5476 5.19 105470

2 Cars 245 5.02 4885

3 Lorries (Goods Vehicles) 241 4.40 5479

4 Omni Bus 238 1067 2231

5 Cabs 30 6.94 432

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6 Auto Rickshaws 396 5.64 7025

7 Tractors & Trailers 1689 11.10 15217

8 Ambulance 1 2.94 34

9 Others 482 6.78 7114

Total 8,798 5.95 1,47,887

The road transport position in the taluk is reported to be not satisfactory. The vehicles of the taluk constitute only 5.95% of that of the district.

Railways: -

The taluk has no rail line.

Air Transport: - Neither the Taluk nor Gulbarga district has air transport facility. However, there is a proposal for an airport in Gulbarga.

Communication: -

Post and telecommunication facilities available in Shahpur Taluk are given below:

Table 1.5Postal & Telecommunication Network in Shahpur Taluk

As on 31.3.2005

Sl.No. Category Numbers

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Taluk % District

1 Post Offices 52 8.36 622

2 Telegraph Office Nil Nil 2

3 Telephone Exchange16 10.00 160

4 Telephones 3987 5.17 77184

It has been reported that telephone net in the taluk is only 5.17% of that of the district. Besides, it is reported that there is a very large no. of mobile phones from Hutch, Airtel, BSNL, Reliance, Spice, etc. across the various sections of the population in the taluk which is very significant and has made the communication speedier, easier, reliable and more economical.

Power :-

145 villages in Shahpur Taluk have been electrified. There are 3 power receiving stations in the taluk. They are at Gogi (1x5 MVA), Sagar (1x5 MVA), and Wadigera (1x5 MVA).

There is future plan to establish 1 more power receiving station at Bendegumbli (2x5 MVA) in the taluk.

Table provides details about category-wise number of electric connections and units consumed in Shahpur Taluk as on 31-3-2005.

Table1.6

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Category-wise number of consumers and consumption of Electricity in Shahpur Taluk as on 31-03-2005

Consumption of units in lakhs

Sl.No. Category

No. of Consumers Taluk District

Taluk District

1 House Consumption

35557 423002 117.36 1546.38

2 Industrial Consumption

841 10145 29.01 503.39

3 Commercial Consumption

2292 40099 15.13 450.36

4 I.P. Sets 2050 46055 184.10 1178.79

5 Others 148 2717 36.80 669.22

Total 40,938 5,22,018 382.40 4,348.14

Industrial Estate and Area: -

Availability of readymade factory sheds/developed area facilitates setting of industries since all entrepreneurs are not capable of developing their own lands or construct their fact The Karnataka Small Scale Industries Development

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Corporation has constructed industrial sheds in the district for encouraging industrialization.

Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) acquired 253.85 acres land in Kapanoor and Mundargi and created 320 industrial plots of which, only 9 plots are presently vacant for allotment. KIADB has further acquired 620 acres land in Nandur Kesaratgi and has taken up development of 200 acres under Phase-I.

Karnataka State Small Industries Development Corporation Ltd. (KSSIDC) has created plots and sheds in Industrial areas in the district and they are as under:

b) Social Infrastructure:

Education: - Education plays a vital role in the industrial development, since every industry needs skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled workers. The smooth functioning/ running of the industries depend upon the supply of suitable persons by the educational institutions in an area. It is worth to be mentioned that there is sufficient number of basic education to meet the basic need of education. There are no engineering / medical / dental colleges in Shahpur Taluk. However these colleges are concentrated in Gulbarga. In addition the Artisan Training Institute in the district provides training in the trade of Carpentry, General Engineering / Black Smith, electrician etc., to produce skilled workers who can be employed by the industry or start their own ventures. The agriculture graduates available from the agricultural college in the district can establish Agri clinics in the Taluk.

There are also traditional artisans in the taluk as well as in the district.

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Health and Family Welfare: - Medical facilities play a crucial role for the smooth functioning of industries. Workers employed in the industries need to be provided with proper medical as and when required to keep them fit. During 2004-05, there were 2 hospitals, 12 primary health centers, 1 community heath centre, 6 dispensaries & 55 family planning Sub centre with 158 beds in Shahpur taluk.

Trade, Commerce and Marketing: -

Marketing has assumed great importance today. The liberalization in the Indian economy has created acute competition in the marketing of products. Manufacturer has now to produce the items which consumer’s desire, sold them the required quality and quantity at a desired place where it is convenient to them to purchase. There exists good Market Potential within the taluk, in the district as well as in the neighboring districts. Besides, the large population of the district provides good scope for the market of consumer goods. With a gradual increase in the per capita income, the purchasing power has increased which created scope for marketing of the products. Railways connect Gulbarga to big cities like Mumbai, Chennai.

2.3 Concept of cultural tourism

Cultural tourism' is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or region's culture, specifically the lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas, the history of those peoples, their art, architecture, religion(s), and other elements that helped shape their way of life. Cultural tourism includes tourism in urban areas, particularly historic or large cities and their

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cultural facilities such as museums and theatres. It can also include tourism in rural areas showcasing the traditions of indigenous cultural communities (i.e. festivals, rituals), and their values and lifestyle. It is generally agreed that cultural tourists spend substantially more than standard tourists do. This form of tourism is also becoming generally more popular throughout the world, and a recent OECD report has highlighted the role that cultural tourism can play in regional development in different world regions.

Culture of south India in each city is associated with a specialty. The multifaceted city of Gulbarga is renowned for its Indo-Islamic monuments, structures in stone and bas-reliefs. The Sharanabasaweshwara shrine and the Kwaza bandenawaz Darga in Gulbarga are must a visit for the travelers to the cultural destination. The beauty and elegance of the craftsmanship of shirval need no mention. The skills of craftsmen’s happens to be centuries old, and famed the world over. Tour towards the Shirval a heritage village. The trip to Shahpur reveals the beauty of the ancient culture of India through the architecture in its temples, forts and monuments. The Rock Fort, with exclusive rights of 'darshan' to the sleeping Buddha is amongst the many places of interest in the city. The view of the sleeping Buddha is mesmerizing experience.

Cultural tourism in Shahpur is the predominant factor behind Shahpur’s meteoric rise in the tourism segment in recent years, because from time immemorial, Shahpur has been considered the land of ancient history, heritage, and culture.

The developing relationship between culture and tourism

During most of the 20th century, tourism and culture were viewed as largely separate aspects of destinations. Cultural resources were seen as part of the cultural heritage of destinations, largely related to the education of the local population and the underpinning of local or national cultural identities. Tourism, on the other hand, was largely viewed as a leisure-related activity separate from everyday life and the culture of the local population. This gradually changed towards the end of the century, as the role of cultural assets in attracting tourists and distinguishing detestations from one another become more obvious. In particular, from the 1980s onwards “cultural tourism” became viewed as a major source of economic development for many destinations.

The growing articulation between culture and tourism in Shahpur was stimulated by a number of factors:

Demand- Increased interest in Shahpur culture, particularly as a source of identity and

differentiation in the face of globalization. - Growing levels of cultural capital, stimulated by rising education levels- Aging populations in developed regions.

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- Postmodern consumption styles, emphasizing personal - Development rather than materialism. - A desire for direct forms of experience (“life seeing” rather than Sightseeing). - Growing importance of Shahpur’s intangible culture and the role of image and

atmosphere. - Increased mobility creating easier access to other cultures.

Supply

- Development of cultural tourism to stimulate jobs and income. - Cultural tourism was seen as growth market and “quality” tourism. - An increasing supply of culture as a result of regional development. - The growing accessibility of information on culture and tourism through new

technologies.

- The emergence of new nations and regions eager to establish a distinct identity. - A desire to project the external image of regions and nations.

- Cultural funding problems related to increasing cultural supply.

Cultural tourism is particularly attractive because of the raft of benefits it can deliver to local communities. According to the National Trust for Historic Preservation in the U.S., these benefits include:

- Creating jobs and businesses. - Increasing tax revenues. - Diversifying the local economy. - Creating opportunities for partnerships. - Attracting visitors interested in history and preservation. - Increasing historic attraction revenues. - Preserving local traditions and culture. - Generating local investment in historic resources. - Building community pride in heritage. - Increasing awareness of the site or area's significance.

The diversity of approaches to the relationship between tourism and culture underlines the problems of definition which exist in this field. Because culture touches every aspect of human life, it can be argued that everything is cultural. According to this view, all tourism might be considered as “cultural tourism”, because “all movements of persons satisfy the human need for diversity, tending to raise the cultural level of the individual and giving rise to new knowledge, experience and encounters” (UNWTO 1985). This broad approach is not very useful because it does not allow us to identify those forms of culture which are particularly important for tourism, and vice versa.

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Richards (1996) suggested that early approaches to the relationship between tourism and culture tended to be based on the “sites and monuments” approach, where the cultural attractions of a country or region were basically seen as the physical cultural sites which were important for tourism. This approach informed the compilation of the Cultural Tourism Inventory for Europe in the 1980s, for example. Gradually, however, a broader view of culture in tourism emerged (Box 2.2), which included the performing arts (Hughes, 2000), crafts (Richards, 1999), cultural events, architecture and design, and more recently, creative activities (Richards and Wilson, 2006) and intangible heritage (UNESCO) (Figure 2.3).

This has also stimulated a move away from product-based to process- based or “way of life” definitions of culture. Tourists increasingly visit destinations to experience the lifestyles, everyday culture and customs of the people they visit.

Take a cultural tour to Shahpur to understand what makes the region so interesting and beautiful. The people of Shahpur belong to different religions, caste and faith and even within it have their own set of beliefs and practices that guide them in their lives. Each of these cultural practices has its own importance and charm. On a cultural trip to Shahpur, tourist will not only discover the intricacies of each of these cultures individually but will also understand the culture. Shahpur finds its root extend to that time which don't even exist in the yellow books of history or in the researches of historians. As the time passed, different shades of traditions and rituals have been adding to the Shahpur culture and heritage resulting in a multi hued culture which Shahpur proudly boasts of. People following different religions, caste and faith coming from various region and state have made a nice amalgamation of diverse culture enriching the Shahpur’s culture even more. Shahpur's culture is like a rainbow of multiple facets which accommodates Fairs, folkdances, Festivals, in itself which have gained recognition and fame from allover the world. It is not a very easy task to uncover the multiple feathers of Shahpur culture co existing with each other for centuries. tourist have to be prepared to spend some quality time in the region and travel a lot if you are really keen to get an in depth knowledge of the culture of Shahpur. For those who do not have much of a time, there is really nothing to worry about because even a brief glimpse of the culture of Shahpur is absolutely pleasurable. Shahpur has had many rulers over the centuries and all of them made an impact on Shahpur's culture. One can see the influence of various cultures in dance, music, festivities, architecture, traditional customs, food, and languages. It is due to the influence of all these various cultures that the heritage and culture of Shahpur is exhaustive and vibrant. This richness in culture goes a long way in projecting Shahpur as the ultimate cultural tourism destination given boost to tourism in culture in Shahpur.

According to this point of view Shahpur has rich cultural recourses to attract tourist towards its most sensational tourist destinations and typical tradition of Shahpur will force the tourist to think about its culture and the tourist will enjoying the tradition of this mesmerizing land of culture and tradition. Shahpur unique culture has societal moral values and ethics which should be pass to one generation to another to construct healthy environment in the society. Here tourist will refresh their mind by getting the facilities and by participating in the local culture

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like the fair of Lord Sri Charabasweshwara, and also they will get traditional cuisines like Shahpur roti, Shenga holige, Dal tadaka, and snacks like pancharangi, Chuda, chatpata sprout etc.

2.4 Attractions of Shahpur city

Shahpur is famous for Temples, Forts, URANIUM Ore and Birth place for Worlds costielest Diamond KOHINOOR.

The main attractions are as follows:

1. Charabaseshvera temple.2. Siddlingeshwara temple.3. Diggi Sangmeshwara temple, (origin place of Siddeshwara temple

of solapur Maharashtra)4. Shahpur fort.5. Sleeping Buddha.6. Melgiriparvatha.

Charabaseshvera temple

The Charabasaveshwara gadagi is located below the shelaventeshvara betta. The meaning of the charabasaveshwara is “chara-means to roam, and basaveshvara-is the name”. This temple has the Samadhi (graveyard) of lord Charabasaveshwara who was a great philosopher and saint. Earlier he was a cloth seller means merchant and always helps the people who are in poor condition not having food to eat and cloths to ware. Any time he uses to provide food to the people who don’t even have food to satisfy the hunger.

While he was in death bed he said that make his Samadhi (graveyard) below the shelaventeshvara betta (mountain) and died in the year 1922.

After his death the all the people of Shahpur and the near by regions devotees came together and fulfilled his wish by constructed a shrine where he said to build. After some time they kept the murthi of Charabasaveshwara in

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garbagruha (Sanctum) because many devotees use to visit here so they build whole temple having mantapa and gopura.

The shrine consists of a sanctum, sabhamantapa and a Dravidian gopura.

By seeing the worship of devotees and daily devotees comes from far away places for that they constructed rest rooms and a kitchen room and food is cooked here it is known as Dasoha where food is provided daily to the devotees who come to offer there rituals and any time one can get food to fulfill the empty stomach. Drinking water facility is also there a well is constructed.

Now also Dasoha system is still practicing and will continue in future also.

Shahpur is famous for Chara Basaveshvara temple which is surrounded by hills in all directions and its annual function "Jatre", which is celebrated in the month of April every year. Thousands of People gather for this special event. They believe that Charabasava will provide good health, wealth & prosperity to whole family. The main attraction of this occasion is "bullock festival", thousands of bullocks from different parts of surrounding districts gather here for trade, which used to take place for nearly 10 days.

At present the whole management of temple is under Sri Bassaya.

Shahpur Fort

. By the side of Charabasava Temple. A Large Fort is there. As per the Historians the construction period of this fort was between 950AD to 1100 AD. Till the attack of Aurangzeb’s General, we don't know the pre history of this fort. Fort has got seven gates, many Canons and caves till date. MANDAKINI LAKE within the fort and the "LOTUS LAKE" or the "THAVARKERI" Beside the Fort surrounded by four hills.

TheShahpur fort is believed by to be constructed by emperor Sagara located on the hill of Shahpur, this fort of Sagaragadu under the rule of Adil Shahi kings. It seems to have attack of the Mughals also. During the time of nayakas of surapur, two more fortification was added and the gateways build.

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. During the time of nayakas of surapur, two more fortification was added and the gateways build.

Thus expanded from time to time for about 800yrs, this is a hill fort having eight fortification walls standing at a height of 600 feet from the ground level and it has the credit of being the longest fort in the whole district. Krishnadevaraya appears to have held this fort for some time after defeating the AdilShahis.

Sleeping Buddha

The founder of Buddhism religion was the Goutham Buddha who was the son of a king suddhadana and queen Maya. He got married to yashodra and had a son rahul.

By seeing the suffering of the people(a sick man, old man and dead body carried by four persons etc) he argue in him to end the sufferings in human life then he went and sat under a pepal tree(bodhi tree)in bodh gaya in Bihar and got nirvana/enlighten Buddha he was called by others.

He was famous for his saying “buddham sharnam ghachammi” and for the astangika marga/path ways:-right understanding, knowledge, concentration, action, living, efforts, and attentiveness.

So here also a nature’s creation is there in the form of Buddha.

On the way from Shahpur to Bhimarayanagudi in the Sagardri mountain range lying to the left is the naturally formed rock shape of the Sleeping Buddha, looking up at the sky attracts the tourists.

This nature’s art depecting Buddha with wide forehead, sharp nose and broad chest is really astonishing.

Sleeping Buddha is nature’s creation by hills. In a particular point all four hills together looks like "Sleeping Buddha” It is one of the natures wonder on the earth. It is popular attraction of Shahapur.

Other near by attractions to Shahpur city

1. Shiravala (Shirwal):

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Is the place of historical importance situated about two km interior on the right bank of the river Bhima, and 15km north-east of Shahpur, the taluk headquarters. It is believed to be the birth places of Sirhyalasetti of the shaiva puranic fame.There are forty-six monuments at the site. These include five wells, seven Koshthagaras/mathas and thirty four temples. Most of them are in groups while some are scattered around. Most of these monuments are of the Rastrakuta period. This is only site containing such a large group of monuments of this period. Most of the temples are in dilapidated condition and are not in worship.Shirval continued to be an important town during the period the Chalukya of Kalyana. An inscription of the Shirval dated 1137A.D. during the rule of Bhulokamalla Somesavara III in which Shirval maintained as Sirivolal ruled by Mahamalleshwara Sovidevarasa.

This important historic village was a famous Shaiva centre and was known as Southern Varanasi or Dakshina Varanasi. It was a home of religion (Dharmada mane) and first or earliest town which was known as Adipattana.

The temples which are still in good condition are

1. Nanny temple

2. Nadayya temple

3. Sugnyaneshwara temple

4. Mallikarjuna temple

5. Ishwara temple

6. Siddheshwara temple

2. Sannathi (sonthi):

Sannathi is situated 48 km south-west of chitapur, the taluk headquarters, 56km north-west of yadagir and 19km north of Shahpur, this place can be reached easily by a boat from shirival on the river bank. Old Stone Age tools and major rock edicts of Ashoka have been reported from here, and Buddhiststupa remains of the shatavana period have been discoveries have certainly added to the fame of the place but it is Chandralamba temple that is the chief center of attraction for the tourists.Being one of the chief Buddhist centers in the state, Sannathi is the oldest Buddhist center of Karnataka, and the credit of bringing to light this site goes to Kapthral krishnarao.

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The Chandrala-Pramesvari temple at Sannati is an elevated mounted and the excavation of this temple complex is likely to reveal important aspects of the Maurya rule. In Karnataka, the highest numbers of Shatavana inscriptions are found in Sannati. These inscriptions mention the Shatavana kings siri Satakarni Vasishthiputra, Siri Pulamayi and Shatavahana Agnisarama, who ruled during 2nd -4th century.In fact the damaged Ashokan inscriptions on the pitha of the goddess Kalika were discovered during the renovation of the temple. There are also the remains of the Shatavana remains in the Kanaganahalli region on the river; being admist these sites, Sannati has great historical significance and bring light its significance aspects.

3. Surpur(Surpura, Shorapure): Is a place of historic important and a taluk headquarter, situated 110km south to Gulbarga, and 500km from Bangalore and 50km from yadgiri. Here the palagers families that raised their head after the fall of Vijayanagara, the Nayakas of Surapura belonging to the gosala-vamsa who ruled from 1636-1858 were important.Surapur, located on the in a hilly forted area, belonged in the past to Sagar-nadu and it flourished as the capital under the Nayakas.The fort, bastions, gateways, palace. Temple of Gopalaswamy, Ashur Khana, mosque, Dargah, bazer, Taylor’s Bunglow ect. Are northway structures in Surapur that pertain to the time of Nayakas of Surapura.The main attraction is Gopalaswamy temple. Which has a spacious sabamantapa, carries on it beautiful and attractive stucco sculptures. The annual fair of Gopalswamy temple takes place on Gokulashtami.There is also a Methodist Church for the Christians.The banglow is well known for the structure of its construction, which astounds the visitors; this is now being used as rest room.

Melgiriparvatha

Melgiriparvatha is a beautiful place the name only says an area surrounded by the mountains with huge stones which is 8km away from Siddlingeshwara temple. One can experience a lot in the form of adventure/trucking activity.The specialty of this parvatha is that it encompasses a cave which is surrounded by huge stones and greenery with full of silence and peace.

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Another interesting thing about this parvatha is ones tourist/people go there they get excited while entering into the cave which has a deity (shivlinga).Here one can enjoy and relax a lot by viewing the scenery of sunset and looking at the calmness of that place with in the stones itself.The best season to visit melgiriparvatha is in winter season (November- January) because tourist/people can protect themselves from the sunlight.By the tourism point of view it can be considered both as cave tourism and adventurous tourism because the cave is exactly located in between the mountains surrounded by huge stones so tourist/people has to pass the mountain region in the form of trucking.That’s why here both type of tourism should be encouraged.

Chapter- 3

3.1 Cultural Tourism Impact Assessment:

If we are to truly understand the impacts of cultural tourism we must develop and use tools which will allow us to know the objective of any cultural tourism planning and development process must be to minimize

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negative impacts and ensure that the benefits are realized in an equitable manner.

I recognize the problems associated with doing this but there are approaches which will assist in this impact assessment process.

The nature of these dimensions can be illustrated by looking at both the positive as well as negative effects.

Benefits of Cultural Tourism

Increased resources for the protection and conservation of natural and cultural heritage resources.

Increased income from Tourism expenditure. Increased employment opportunity Increased tax base. Improve in fracture and also economic development. Producing potential of local people. Increased community visibility leading to other economic

development opportunities.

There are also a number of potential costs or disadvantages

Much of tourism employment is seasonal in nature. Employment in this field is often low paying. Tourism development can produce inflation. Development can lead to increased cost( land, food, services )etc

Increased taxes.

Traffic or congestion can lower the attractiveness of a community or region.

3.2 Importance of Planning Tourism:

Planning tourism at all level is essential for achieving successful tourism development and management. Without planning it may create unexpected and unwanted impacts. Tourism is also a still a relatively new type of activity in many

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places. So some Government, ASI and often private sector have little or no experience in how to develop tourism properly.

First Tourism should be planned in national and regional level here planning is concerned with tourism development policies, structure plans, standard facility, instructional factors and all the other elements necessary to develop and manage tourism.

There are several benefits of undertaking national and regional tourism planning.

These advantages include:

Establishing the overall tourism development objective and policies-what is tourism aiming to accomplish and how these aims can be achieved.

Developing tourism so that its natural and cultural resources are indefinitely maintained and conserved for future as well as present.

Integrating tourism into the overall development policies and patterns of the country or region, and establishing close linkage between tourism and other economic sectors.

Providing a rational basic for decision- making by both the public and private sectors.

Making possible the coordinated development of all the many elements of tourism sector.

Optimizing and balancing economic, environmental and social benefits of tourism, with equitable distribution of these benefits to the society, while minimizing the possible problems of tourism.

Providing a physical structure which guides the location, types and extent of tourism development of attractions, facility, services and infrastructure.

Establishing guidelines and standards for preparing detailed plans of specific tourism development areas with and reinforce, one another, and for the appropriate design of tourist facilities.

Laying the foundation for effective implantation of the tourism development policy and plan and continuous management of tourism sector, by providing necessary organizational and other instructional frame work.

Providing the framework effective coordination of the public and private sector efforts and investment in developing tourism.

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Offering a baseline for the continuous monitoring of the progress of tourism development and keeping it on track.

The planned approach to developing tourism at the national and regional levels is now widely adopted as a principle, although implementation of the policies and plans is still weak in some places. Many countries and regions of countries have plans, but should undertaking planning in the near future. In some countries, plans had previously been prepared but these are now outdated. They need to be revised based on present day circumstances and likely future trends. Founded on accumulated experience, the approaches and techniques of tourism planning are now reasonably well understood. There is considerable assurance that, if implemented, planning will bring substantial benefits to an area.

3.3 Role of community assistance program for tourism development in Shahapur

In response to the growing recognition of the socio-culture impacts of the tourism and the need to better direct tourism planning towards satisfying the specific needs of local communities as well as the optimizing the visitor experience, the concept of community-based tourism planning emerged in 1980s as a potential means of balancing the needs of tourist with those of local people in destination areas.

The community approach to planning is essentially a bottom –up form of planning where local residents of shahapur are incorporated into tourism plans, ideally, where local residents of shahapur also play an active role in planning and managing tourism.

The purpose of this approach is to ‘empower’ local communities so that;

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o They do not feel exploited by tourism or that their society and culture is being commodified;

o They enjoy some degree of control over the rate and nature of tourism development;

o Their economic and social needs from the basis objective of tourism planning;

o They have some control over local resources ando They benefits directly from tourism development.

Not only it is difficult to encourage wide spread public participation, but local political structure may discourage the handling over of power to the community at large. At the same time, community or public involvement in shahapur may lengthen the planning process, while other stakeholder such as the land owner of local business or local landowners may seek to dominate on decision-making process.

In other words, tourism planning, whether at the site, or regional scale, is most usually undertaken accordingly sustainable development.

3.4 Cultural Tourism development in shahapur

The Tourism that focuses upon the rich past of people or areas as preserved and portrayed in monuments, historic sites, architecture and artifacts is commonly called as “Cultural Tourism”.

Cultural tourism is recognized as potent force for preserving, maintaining and conserving the originality of a place so here Shahpur is considered as cultural area

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to develop cultural tourism. It means enrichment aesthetic and affective experiences or the quality of the life. It enhances the culture of itself in Shahpur and manifesting it self into resources for tourism development, along with the total physical setting and preserving monuments, cultural temples along with the revitalization of local music, dance and festivals .

As for the supply of cultural tourism is concerned, the statistical units to be concerned to be found at enterprise level. The local unit level and the kind of activity unit level. Cultural tourism is not only limited to urban areas it is also related to the region. So the Shahpur location has activities related to culture like recreational, cultural (fairs and festivals) and sporting activities which are the main source for cultural development of tourism in Shahpur.

However, attending language courses, exhibitions, cultural meetings and part taking in guided tours can also be considered as a part of cultural tourism development in Shahpur.

Culture is also a dynamic and living phenomenon. Moreover such definitions focuses on the demand approach to identify the cultural tourism in Shahpur as both demand and supply must be taken into account. Thus Shahpur encompasses all cultural sites and cultural activities around it which is undertaken to develop it as cultural tourism in Shahpur to attract and promote destination.

3.5 Role of cultural tourism in local people development:-

Cultural tourism can be said as dynamic tourist activity, where one closely tied to physical activities. Cultural tourism in urban areas, particularly their culture and also include the showcasing the tradition of indigenous cultural tradition (i.e. fairs and festivals). Culture tells us about the way of life of a particular community which helps to know about a community, region or a nation. Cultural heritage should pass from one generation to other which acts as role models for the younger generation.

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So tourism activity in Shahpur which is concerned with the development of the destinations which have rich value of heritage, culture along with some adventure activity.

Shahpur have rich resources in tourism especially in cultural tourism because so many saints and philosophers blessed this land and made a significant contribution in cultural development like Sri Lord Charabasava who enriched the culture of Shahpur by his Dasoha philosophy. Shahpur people’s wear traditional clothes which are also major attractions for tourists like men’s wear Dothi, Jubbah and a traditional hat and women’s wear Ilkal saree. Shahpur rote, Sajji roti, pundi pallya, Shenga hollige, shenga hindi, godi huggi, pancharangi……………..

Shahpur celebrate colorful festivals where the people were gathering and their rituals are worth to see. Shahpur famous fair is Sri charabasaweshwar fair in that the people are worshiping Lord Sri Charabasweshwara the fair is celebrating for one week and the peoples of Shahpur and surrounding area including other part of Karnataka and other states people also participate in the fair, the fair offers different rituals…………………

Every year cattle fair is held on the occasion on the 5 th day of Ugadi at Lord Sri Charabasweshwara temple ground. In this fair people from far places bring their cattle decorated with beautiful clothes, ornaments and colors to attract the buyers.

So by seeing the fair and workshop of the devotees we can prove that Shahpur city can be developed as cultural tourism to attract the tourist and to promote the destination to develop tourism and wide spread the destination.

Here cultural tourism development plays an important role in local people development like they get satisfied with both direct and indirect benefits of the tourism. First off all local people improve there standard of living because if the destination develop then automatically flow of tourist increase and by this communication also improves among themselves by this people of Shahpur can get employment and proper utilizations of human resources of this region take

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place. At last cultural exchange take place and can spread there culture in other place and among the destination. Cultural tourism builds community pride in the people’s minds by that the precious culture of that community will survive for long time and the moral values of that culture will help to build healthy environment in the society, it benefits are creating awareness among the local people and tourist about the destination helps to protect the available resources, and increase the career opportunity also income in the form of different types taxes (i.e. service tax, luxury tax etc). Helps to improve the economic benefits and infrastructure. So over all it promotes the destination and helps to protect the culture, tradition for present and future generation.

3.6 Towards assessing the potential to promote the Shahpur destination

As we all know that the Tourism industry is the fastest growing industry in the world and Tourism is the activity which is concerned with the people traveling to other place from there normal residential for the purpose of recreational, pleasure, enjoyment, and educational purpose and stay with payable accommodation for 2-4 days this is known as tourism.

So the main elements of tourism are

1. Transportation.2. Attraction.3. Accommodation.

If the destination possesses all this above elements then that destination can be developed as a tourism destination in that only categories are there we can develop a destination as Heritage, cultural, adventurous, theme park etc according to the features and by knowing the physical conditions of that place the destination can be developed. In this topic it mentions key idea how to develop and market the destination.

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Assessing your potential areas for development of tourism in your area is an essential step to promote the destination may be in national or regional level. Evaluate your assets in these five areas:

These can be said as the main elements of tourism to develop the destination and increase the potential of tourist inflow.

1. Attractions.2. Visitors’ service.3. Organizational capabilities.4. Protection.5. Marketing.

Now start by listing the resources, but not only enumerates assets but also to evaluate the potential, quality and level of services in that place (Shahpur cit)

Being accessing your attractions list the sites that are currently open to the public or that add to the story of Shahpur. Also look at sites that are eligible for the national register normally 50yrs old and significant for its natural beauty association with an event or person like sleeping Buddha which is a natural view in the mountain and also melagiriparvatha in Shahpur.

Then identify the cultural resources in your community (i.e.) in Shahpur working with folklorist and culture of an area is often shaped by natural resources which are the right next door to serve as a resource for community in Shahpur like lotus lake and melagiriparvatha, sleeping Buddha which act as a sports or recreational activity that attract the tourist to Shahpur.

Next aspect is of visitor’s service which encompasses the basic elements most travelers need: place to eat, park, sleep, go to rest room and get gasoline. It also includes the services which make traveling more enjoyable. It means take a look at the Shahpur areas for lodging, restaurant, shops, and infrastructure. In this it should include sign boards to direct the visitors to attract, ATM or credit card machines, along with currency exchange office all round to develop

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the physical infrastructure with easy access to transportation. To access your organizational capabilities, identify all the local organizations that are involved in tourism, preservation, the art, humanity and economic development and other related fields. The main purpose of assessment is to scout the possibilities –potential support-for identifying or establishing a primary provider organization that can focus local energies at a single group.

The protection of our areas is a major concern. Protection in this context means the full array of measures needed to protect the value of historic, culture and natural assets. At the assessment stage, find out what protection local zoning ordinances, preservation ordinances, and city, country or even regional land use plans already offer. Which measures need to be strengthenened?

Financial Resources the question of finance a culture tourism initiative has no easy answer. Your goal is long term, stable funding. It improves if you build a strong local consensus, for then the problem of funding becomes one many people help solve.

Before you look for funding, draw up a financial plan. A good financial plan takes both hard and soft costs into account.

1. Hard costs, such as the cost of restoring a historic building, are the most obvious and easiest to estimate.

2. Just as the soft which include the staffing of the cost with the organization, of interpreting and maintaining the local sites, and of marketing.

Other options where they can look for funding there are some possibilities to explore: public funds, both grants and loans, available from federal, state and local government; private establishments including corporations, foundations and non-profit organizations, individuals for memberships, specific grants and endowments.

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Next step is the protection of your areas assets is a major concern. Protection in this context means the full array of measures needed to protect the value of historic, cultural and natural assets. At the assessment stage, find out what protection local zoning ordinances, preservation ordinances, and city, country or even regional land use plans already offer. Which measures need to strengthened?

At last marketing it is the integral part of successful promotion of the product (i.e.) the destination it is the main product of the tourism industry.

This assessment or marketing plan includes an inventory of all marketing related activities which are currently in place.

1. Assess all available demographic information about who comes to visit the area, how much they spend, and what they want. Talk with your state travel office, state division of economic development, local chambers of commerce to gather information that can help to learn more about your visitors.

2. Assess the promotional materials. Pull together the copies of all broachers, maps, guides and so forth that are already available. What kind of image they do convey? Do they promote the destination? Are the material effective, informative, accurate, attractively presented? And to look the up the itineraries.

3. What travel-related associations do to the local sites? What information and resource do they provide to enhance the marketing efforts?

4. All together compile all those above components along with the trade shows, conferences, educational tour, and sales missions to develop and market your destination(Shahpur as a marketing destination)

After analyzing the marketing plan try to manage the tourism resources may be in the form of culture, heritage or natural is a big job, one that involve not only producing tangible improvements to places and structures but also coordinating many activities and maintaining the projects simultaneously to keep the job reasonable and feasible and to develop a management plan.

Finally drew the new people and money into your community, develop a multi-year, many-tiered marketing plan. Try to seize opportunities to partner with local, regional, state, or national groups.

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Success for marketing of the destination includes four components:

1. Public relations, which is a cost-effective way to pass on your message through via the media about the attractions in your destination and also about the promotional activities done to attract the tourist.(related to Shahpur city for marketing the destination)

2. Advertising, an effective method of marketing to targeted audiences (includes the people, travelers, students and the consumers) use print advertising(news paper, pomplates, and magazines), electronic advertising (like in television and in radio and in web sites) consumer advertising which directly reaches the tourist and trade advertisement which reaches the travel industry and at last graphics most effective sign is map to highlight the key attractions or major features of single attraction.

These are the above promotional activities or the development activities which should take place to promote the region/destination for marketing in the field of tourism industry.

Chapter-4

4.1 Findings:

Infrastructure is not satisfactory to the tourists and there is no proper sign boards to show the way to visit attractions and standard of the hotels have to be still developing.

Lack of basic amenities like toilet and drinking water facility.

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Can’t find professional guide near the tourist destination.

No proper way to visit Fort and the Fort is in ruined condition.

The pathway to visit melagiriparvatha is very congested and rocky.

There is no proper place to watch the Sleeping Buddha and no proper way to visit it.

The flow of local people is more compared to the outsider or visitors.

4.2 Suggestions:

As per my visit to Shahpur, by seeing the attractions and the physical conditions of the monuments and the Shahpur city I would like to give some suggestions;

To create awareness among the tourist and local people about the tourism resources and the importance of Cultural Tourism to promote Shahpur as a major tourist destination.

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ASI and the GOVERNMENT should take measures to rebuild the Fort.

Proper roads should be constructed so that visitors can visit melagiriparvatha and fort without problem.

Along with the road plantation should be done so that the travelers can take rest under the tree.

Watching tower should be build to view the sleeping Buddha.

A sign board should be there indicating be aware of monkeys before entering the Diggi Sangmeshwara temple.

Concerned authority should provide basic facilities like toilet and drinking water facility near to all attraction places.

Boating facility should be provided in Louts Lake and Charabasaveshwara Lake.

At last efforts should be there by the local people and the ASI and the Government to develop Cultural heritage tourism in Shahpur.

4.3 Conclusion

At last I would like to conclude that this Project Report which has the deep study/research of the destination Shahpur city where Shahpur can be developed as Cultural tourism destination by knowing the features and geography of that destination.

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Now a day’s Cultural tourism is the subset of tourism concerned with a country, /region’s especially its customs social practices and tradition (fairs and festival) values and their lifestyle.

So as per my visit to Shahpur I would like to mention that Shahpur is a beautiful place surrounded by the mountains and greener with some adventurous activity. So here Shahpur as a Cultural tourism destination has every thing to attract the tourist and develop the destination. This report also has the study on features, resources, promotional activities, to market the destination along with the planning steps, community assistance programme and cultural tourism’s impacts.

Finally there is much opportunity to develop Shahpur as ‘Cultural tourism destination” and it has other near by attraction which are also considered as Cultural tourism destination places are Shirval, Shahpur and Surpur.

So local people, government and the ASI should have a glance on the destination so that it adds a grace to the tourism field.

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Cultural tourism in shahpur

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