CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s...
-
Upload
georgia-gibson -
Category
Documents
-
view
242 -
download
2
Transcript of CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s...
![Page 1: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CUIN 6371Models of Teaching
Fall, 2003
Howard L. JonesDay 5
Inductive Strategies…
Hilda Taba’s Efforts
![Page 2: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Information ProcessingInformation Processing
Inductive - Jerome Bruner/
Hilda Taba Deductive - David Ausubel Inquiry - J. J. Schwab/J. Richard Suchman
Jean Piaget/ L. Kohlberg
Memory - R. Atkinson/J. Levin/J. Lucas
Creativity - W. J. J. Gordon
![Page 3: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Most Common The “Guided Tour”Teaching Pattern Approach
• Providing Information
• Verification of information
• Application of Information
(after Renner)
![Page 4: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Most Common The “Guided Tour”Teaching Pattern Approach
• Providing Information
• Verification of information
• Application of Information
(after Renner)
![Page 5: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Part ofPart of
LearningLearning is is Identifying Identifying Patterns!Patterns!
Dealing with Dealing with categories!categories!
![Page 6: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Another Teaching Pattern (after Karplus)
Students
Explore
ExplainBy creating and
dealing with
Categories ApplyPersonal Investigative Approach
![Page 7: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
And these categories are
Concepts – we group objects and events and people around us into classes … respond to class membership rather than uniquenesses
Rules or Generalizations – combinations of concepts that - when applied - can allow for behavior with
predictable results
![Page 8: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Hilda Taba’s Postulates
Thinking can be taught
But it is a special kind of thinking -
Inductive Thinking
![Page 9: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Balloons, we have balloons…
![Page 14: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Another Teaching Pattern (after Karplus)
Students
Explore
ExplainBy creating and
dealing with
Categories ApplyPersonal Investigative Approach
![Page 15: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Processes of Investigation
Observing Classifying Measuring Communicating Inferring Predicting Hypothesis Formation
![Page 16: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Hilda Taba’s Postulates
Thinking can be taughtThinking is an active transaction
between the individual and dataThought Processes are sequential
Concept Formation, Interpretation of Data
Application of Principles
![Page 17: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What do we know about
The Pilgrims?
![Page 18: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
THANKSGIVING BEERThose Pilgrims stopped at Plymouth in the first place
for the same reason that Bubba Billy Bob
pulls into the Quickie Mart. To wit: They were out of beer. Source: Beer Drinkers of America avers they were headed for the friendlier climes of Virginia but the beer was about gone (“our supplies were much spent, especially our beer,” a Mayflower passenger wrote).
BDA notes also that beer was good shipboard nourishment because it was nutritious and kept well.
![Page 19: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Concept Development
1. What do you know? What did you read? see?
2. Do any of these items seem to belong together? Why?
3. Could some of these items belong in more than one group?
4. What names could we give these groups?
![Page 20: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Concepts Via Bruner and Taba
Concept Attainment
Teacher Provides Examples and Non-Examples of the category that (s)he wants students to grasp
Usually, teacher provides label for new concept
Students “unpack” their thinking that led them to the concept
Concept FormationTeacher elicits examples
from studentsStudents provide labels for
the categories (concepts)
…and focus on why they put the groups together and why they named the concept
![Page 21: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Conditions of Learning Concepts(after Robert Gagne’)
External Presentation of
examples representative of the concept
Instructions to elicit a common link
Verification of concept Reinforcement REPETITION NOT
NEEDED
Internal
Discriminate between examples and non-examples
![Page 22: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Concepts Via Bruner and Taba …both teach concepts, but
Concept Attainment
Directed primarily at how concepts are learned
Concept Formation
Builds upon what the student knows. “Understandings are built, not acquired.”
![Page 23: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Data Retrieval Chart
![Page 24: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Pil
grim
s
Texans
![Page 25: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
And…
The American Revolution
![Page 26: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Pil
grim
sA
mer
ican
Rev
olut
ion
;
![Page 27: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Musical selection is played…”What are some different things that you heard?
Show parts of “The Patriot”…”When you hear the word revolution, what comes to mind?”
Several newspapers are examined…”What are some things that you see in the editorial section?”
Vegetables shared with class…”Describe the vegetables using your senses of taste, sight, and smell.”
![Page 28: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Interpretation of Data
1. What did you see..read? What differences and similarities do you see?
2. How do you account for the similarities and differences? What does this mean?
3. What can you say generally?
![Page 29: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Generalizations/Principles/Rules
Broad Level of ApplicationLack mention of specific
persons, places or thingsContains two or more
concepts and includes the relationship between the concepts
![Page 30: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
When groups are oppressed they tend to want to leave or rebel
When people want freedom they will make dramatic changes
Often when groups of people are unhappy with their leadership new leaders emerge
A determined minority can change the course of history
Differences of belief lead to conflict
![Page 31: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
As the size of a place changes the kinds of goods and services found in that place tend to change.
When two or more societies interact, each tends to acquire some of the characteristics of the other society.
When two or more groups of people wish to use the same land in different ways, a conflict usually results.
![Page 32: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Inductive Processes
Generalization
data data data conglomerate conglomerate conglomerate
data data data data data data data data conglomerate
data
data data data data data data data data data data data data
data data data
![Page 33: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Finding Concepts and Generalizations
Joel Barker…
“The Power of Paradigms”
![Page 34: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Concepts Generalizations
Paradigm Effect Paradigm Paralysis Paradigm Pioneers Paradigm Change Innovations Paradigm Shift Paradigm Flexibility
People resist changeNew ideas disrupt the status quoYour successful past can block the
futureIdeas of today take us to tomorrowWhen a paradigm shifts everything
and everyone goes back to zeroParadigms affect your judgmentPeople who present successful
paradigms are often outsiderChange tends to start from the
edge
![Page 35: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Rule and Generalization Learning(including Defined Concepts)
External Conditions
Teacher informs student what is expected
Teacher invokes recall of component concepts
Student makes statement of generalization/rule in own words
Student demonstrates generalization/rule in another situation
Reinforcement
Internal Conditions
Mastery of component concepts
![Page 36: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
And the Pennsylvania Farmers?
![Page 38: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
1791 … Western Pennsylvania
Terrible transportation to eastern buyers Farmers found it profitable to turn much of the
corn and rye crop to whiskey Federal Tax in 1791 on whiskey makers 1792..tax removed from smallest stills in
Virginia and North Carolina
What do you predict would happen?(and Daniel Shays?)
![Page 39: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Application of Generalizations1. Predicting…What would happen if…?
2. Why? What makes you think this will happen?
3. What would be needed for that to happen? Under what conditions?
And if it didn’t happen?
![Page 40: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Assimilation
Accommodation
![Page 41: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Generalization: When people feel they are not being governed in their best interests, they tend to attempt to change the government to reflect these interests
People
Pilgrims
EnglishColonistsUnited States
PennsylvaniaFarmers
Year Gov’t Gov’tPolicy
People’sInterest
ChangeAttempts Results
Alternate: When people become unhappy with their government, they will usually try to change the government.
![Page 42: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Jigsaw II
![Page 43: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Data Retrieval ChartPlato Aristotle Locke Greene
Purpose of school
Role of teacher
Curriculum
Schools and society
Truth
And don’t forget John Dewey and Lev Vygotsky
![Page 44: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
And our generalization is …
![Page 45: CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Howard L. Jones Day 5 Inductive Strategies… Hilda Taba’s Efforts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061605/56649cff5503460f949d0082/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Next Time
How to teach rules and generalizations DEDUCTIVELY (and effectively)
The work of David Ausubel