CSIS - Asia Military Balance 2010 14 Sep 2010

8/7/2019 CSIS - Asia Military Balance 2010 14 Sep 2010

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THE MILITARY BALANCEIN ASIA: 1990-2010

A Quantitative Analysis

Anthony H. CordesmanArleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy

And Robert [email protected]

September 14, 2010
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Cordesman and Hammond: The Asian l Military Balance in 1990-2010 9/14/10 Page 2

The 2010 Asian Military Balance

Contents

THE 2010 ASIAN MILITARY BALANCE .............................................................................................................. 2

SECTION 1: ................................................................................................................................................................. 5

MILITARY EXPENDITURES AND MANPOWER FOR MAJOR ASIAN POWERS ....................................... 5

FIGURE 1.1: MILITARY EXPENDITURES BY THE MAJOR ASIAN POWERS AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP: 2000-2009 .... .. 6 FIGURE 1.3: TOTAL MANPOWER IN MAJOR ASIAN MILITARY FORCES IN 2010 .......................................................... 8 FIGURE 13A: TOTAL ACTIVE MILITARY MANPOWER IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 2010 ............................................. 8

SECTION 2: ................................................................................................................................................................. 9

ARMY MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT FOR MAJOR ASIAN POWERS ...................................................... 9

FIGURE 2.1: ARMY MANPOWER IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS ...................................................................................... 10

FIGURE 2.2: ARMY MANPOWER IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 1990, 2000, 2005 AND 2010 ........................................ 10 FIGURE 2.3: ARMY EQUIPMENT IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS ...................................................................................... 11 FIGURE 2.4: MAIN BATTLE TANKS IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 1990, 2000, 2005 AND 2010 .......... .......... ........... ..... 12 FIGURE 2.5: MAIN BATTLE TANKS IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 2010 ....................................................................... 13 FIGURE 2.6: ARMORED FIGHTING VEHICLES IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 2010 ......................................................... 14 FIGURE 2.7: LAND WEAPONS IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 2010 ................................................................................ 15 FIGURE 2.8.: ARTILLERY STRENGTH IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 2010 .................................................................... 16

SECTION 3: ............................................................................................................................................................... 17

NAVAL MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT FOR MAJOR ASIAN POWERS .................................................. 17

FIGURE 3.1: NAVY MANPOWER IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS ...................................................................................... 18

FIGURE 3.2: NAVY MANPOWER IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 1990, 2000, 2005 AND 2010 ........................................ 18 FIGURE 3.3: NAVY EQUIPMENT IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS ...................................................................................... 19 FIGURE 3.4: NAVAL SURFACE COMBAT SHIPS IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 2010 ..................................................... 22 FIGURE 3.5: SUBMARINE WARFARE CAPABILITIES IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 2010 .............................................. 23

SECTION 4: ............................................................................................................................................................... 24

AIR FORCE MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT FOR MAJOR ASIAN POWERS .......................................... 24

FIGURE 4.1: AIR FORCE MANPOWER IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS .............................................................................. 25 FIGURE 4.2: ASIAN AIR FORCE MANPOWER IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS : 1990, 2000, 2005 AND 2010 ........... ........... 26 FIGURE 4.4: FIXED WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS BY TYPE: 2010 ...................................... 28 FIGURE 4.5: ROTARY WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT IN MAJOR ASIAN POWERS BY TYPE : 2010 .......... ........... .......... .... 29

SECTION 5: ............................................................................................................................................................... 30

US FORCES IN THE PACIFIC .............................................................................................................................. 30

FIGURE 5.1: US FORCES IN THE PACIFIC IN 2010: EQUIPMENT BY TYPE AND LOCATION ......................................... 31 FIGURE 5.2: US FORCES IN THE PACIFIC IN 2010: FORCES BY ROLE AND LOCATION ............................................... 33

SECTION 6: ............................................................................................................................................................... 35

NUCLEAR CAPABLE FORCES IN THE PACIFIC ............................................................................................ 35


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FIGURE 6.1: US AND ASIA NUCLEAR CAPABLE FORCES ........................................................................................... 36 FIGURE 6.2: CHINESE MISSILE FORCES : 2010 .......................................................................................................... 39

SECTION 7: ............................................................................................................................................................... 40

THE MILITARY BALANCE IN NORTHEAST ASIA ......................................................................................... 40

FIGURE 7.1: NORTHEAST ASIAN MILITARY MANPOWER IN 2010 ............................................................................. 41

FIGURE 7.2A: ARMY MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN NORTHEAST ASIA ................................................................. 42 FIGURE 7.2B: NORTHEAST ASIAN MODERN MAIN BATTLE TANKS VERSUS TOTAL HOLDINGS : 2010 ........ ........... .. 44 FIGURE 7.2C: NORTHEAST ASIAN ARMORED FIGHTING VEHICLES : 2010 ................................................................ 45 FIGURE 7.2D: NORTHEAST ASIAN MODERN AFVS (MBT S, APCS, AIFVS) VERSUS TOTAL HOLDINGS OF OTHERARMORED VEHICLES : 2010 ..................................................................................................................................... 46 FIGURE 7.2E: NORTHEAST ASIAN ARTILLERY STRENGTH : 2010 .............................................................................. 47 FIGURE 7.3A: NAVY MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN NORTHEAST ASIA ................................................................. 48 FIGURE 7.3B: NORTHEAST ASIAN NAVAL COMBAT SHIPS : 2010 .............................................................................. 51 FIGURE 7.3C: NORTHEAST ASIAN NAVAL COMBAT SHIPS BY CATEGORY : 2010 ..................................................... 52 FIGURE 7.3D: NORTHEAST ASIAN SUBMARINES BY TYPE : 2010 .............................................................................. 53 FIGURE 7.4A: AIR FORCE MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN NORTHEAST ASIA ......................................................... 54

FIGURE 7.4B: NORTHEAST ASIAN FIXED WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY BRANCH : 2010 .......... ........... .......... ........... 55 FIGURE 7.4C: NORTHEAST ASIAN FIXED WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY TYPE : 2010 ............................................... 56 FIGURE 7.4D: NORTHEAST ASIAN ROTARY WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY BRANCH : 2010....................................... 57 FIGURE 7.4E: NORTHEAST ASIAN ROTARY WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY TYPE: 2010 ........................................... 58 FIGURE 7.4F: NORTHEAST ASIAN MODERN AIR FORCE COMBAT AIRCRAFT VERSUS TOTAL COMBAT AIRCRAFT : 2010 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 59

SECTION 8: ............................................................................................................................................................... 60

THE MILITARY BALANCE IN THE TAIWAN STRAITS ................................................................................ 60

FIGURE 8.1A: COMBAT GROUND FORCES : 2010 ....................................................................................................... 61 FIGURE 8.1B: MAJOR GROUND UNITS : 2010 ............................................................................................................ 62

FIGURE 8.2A: COMBAT NAVAL FORCES : 2010 ......................................................................................................... 63 FIGURE 8.2B: CHINESE NAVAL UNITS : 2010 ............................................................................................................ 64 FIGURE 8.3A: COMBAT AIR STRENGTH : 2010 .......................................................................................................... 65 FIGURE 8.3B: MAJOR AIR UNITS : 2010 .................................................................................................................... 66

SECTION 9: ............................................................................................................................................................... 67

THE MILITARY BALANCE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ......................................................................................... 67

-FIGURE 9.1: SOUTHEAST ASIAN ACTIVE MILITARY MANPOWER IN 2010 ............................................................... 67 FIGURE 9.1: SOUTHEAST ASIAN ACTIVE MILITARY MANPOWER IN 2010 ................................................................ 68 FIGURE 9.2A: ARMY MANPOWER IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ............................................................................................ 69 FIGURE 9.2B: ARMY EQUIPMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ............................................................................................. 70

FIGURE 9.2B: ARMY EQUIPMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA (CONTINUED ) ...................................................................... 72 FIGURE 9.2C: SOUTHEAST ASIAN MODERN MAIN BATTLE TANKS VERSUS TOTAL HOLDINGS : 2010 .................. .... 73 FIGURE 9.2D: SOUTHEAST ASIAN ARMORED FIGHTING VEHICLES : 2010 ................................................................ 74 FIGURE 9.2E: SOUTHEAST ASIAN MODERN AFVS (MBT S, APCS, AIFVS) VERSUS TOTAL HOLDINGS OF OTHERARMORED VEHICLES : 2010 ..................................................................................................................................... 75 FIGURE 9.2F: SOUTHEAST ASIAN ARTILLERY STRENGTH : 2010 .............................................................................. 76 FIGURE 9.3A: NAVY MANPOWER IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ............................................................................................. 77 FIGURE 9.3B: NAVY MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA .................................................................. 78 FIGURE 9.3B: NAVY MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA (CONTINUED ) ........................................... 79


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FIGURE 9.3C: SOUTHEAST ASIAN NAVAL COMBAT SHIPS : 2010 ............................................................................. 82 FIGURE 9.3D: SOUTHEAST ASIAN NAVAL COMBAT SHIPS BY CATEGORY : 2010 ..................................................... 83 FIGURE 9.3E: SOUTHEAST ASIAN SUBMARINES BY TYPE : 2010 ............................................................................... 84 FIGURE 9.4A: AIR FORCE MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA .......................................................... 85 FIGURE 9.4B: AIR FORCE MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ......................................................... 86 FIGURE 9.4B: AIR FORCE EQUIPMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA (CONTINUED ) ............................................................... 86 FIGURE 9.4C: SOUTHEAST ASIAN FIXED WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY BRANCH : 2010 .......................................... 88 FIGURE 9.4D: SOUTHEAST ASIAN FIXED WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY TYPE : 2010 ............................................... 89 FIGURE 9.4E: SOUTHEAST ASIAN MODERN AIR FORCE COMBAT AIRCRAFT VERSUS TOTAL COMBAT AIRCRAFT : 2010 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 90 FIGURE 9.4F: SOUTHEAST ASIAN ROTARY WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY BRANCH : 2010 ........... .......... ........... ....... 91 FIGURE 9.4G: SOUTHEAST ASIAN ROTARY WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY TYPE : 2010............................................ 92

SECTION 10: ............................................................................................................................................................. 93

THE MILITARY BALANCE IN SOUTH ASIA .................................................................................................... 93

FIGURE 10.1: SOUTH ASIAN ACTIVE MILITARY MANPOWER : 2010 ......................................................................... 94 FIGURE 10.2A: ARMY MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN SOUTH ASIA ....................................................................... 95

FIGURE 10.2B: SOUTH ASIAN MODERN MAIN BATTLE TANKS VERSUS TOTAL HOLDINGS : 2010 .......... ........... ....... 96 FIGURE 10.2C: SOUTH ASIAN ARMORED FIGHTING VEHICLES : 2010 ...................................................................... 97 FIGURE 10.2D: SOUTH ASIAN MODERN AFVS VERSUS TOTAL HOLDINGS OF OTHER ARMORED VEHICLES : 2010 .. 98 FIGURE 10.2E: SOUTH ASIAN ARTILLERY STRENGTH : 2010 ..................................................................................... 99 FIGURE 10.3B: SOUTH ASIAN NAVAL COMBAT SHIPS : 2010 ................................................................................. 102 FIGURE 10.4A: AIR FORCE MANPOWER AND EQUIPMENT IN SOUTH ASIA .............................................................. 103 FIGURE 10.4B: SOUTH ASIAN FIXED WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY BRANCH : 2010 .............................................. 104 FIGURE 10.4C: SOUTH ASIAN FIXED WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY TYPE : 2010 ................................................... 105 FIGURE 10.4D: SOUTH ASIAN MODERN AIR FORCE COMBAT AIRCRAFT VERSUS TOTAL COMBAT AIRCRAFT : 2010............................................................................................................................................................................... 106 FIGURE 10.4E: SOUTH ASIAN ROTARY WING COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY BRANCH : 2010 .......................................... 107 FIGURE 10.4F: SOUTH ASIAN ATTACK AND ARMED HELICOPTERS BY TYPE: 2010 ............................................... 108


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Section 1:

Military Expendituresand Manpower for

Major Asian Powers


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Figure 1.1: Military Expenditures by the Major Asian Powers as a Percentage of GDP:2000-2009 1

1 Based on data provided by SIPRI Military Expenditure Database , Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. http://www.sipri.org/databases/milex . Data for North Korea is unavailable.
http://www.sipri.org/databases/milexhttp://www.sipri.org/databases/milexhttp://www.sipri.org/databases/milexhttp://www.sipri.org/databases/milex


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Figure 1.2: Military Expenditures by the Major Asian Powers: 2000-2009 2

(In $US Billions, 2008)

2 Based on data provided by SIPRI Military Expenditure Database , Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. http://www.sipri.org/databases/milex . Data for North Korea is unavailable.
http://www.sipri.org/databases/milexhttp://www.sipri.org/databases/milexhttp://www.sipri.org/databases/milexhttp://www.sipri.org/databases/milex


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Figure 1.3: Total Manpower in Major Asian Military Forces in 2010 3

Military Manpower (1,000s)China India Japan North

KoreaRussia South

KoreaActive 2170 1315.45 215.56 1185 662 657

Reserve 0 1155 41.6 665 0 0

Figure 13a: Total Active Military Manpower in Major Asian Powers: 2010 4 (in thousands)

3 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010). Figures do not include equipment used for training purposes. Some equipment and personnelfigures are estimates. All equipment figures represent equipment in active service.4 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010).


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Section 2:

Army Manpower andEquipment for Major

Asian Powers


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Figure 2.1: Army Manpower in Major Asian Powers

Army and Army Reserve Manpower (1,000s)China India Japan North

Korea

Russia South

KoreaActive 1600 1129.9 138.4 950 360 560

Reserve 0 960 40 600 0 0

Figure 2.2: Army Manpower in Major Asian Powers: 1990, 2000, 2005 and 2010 5 (in thousands)

5 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010).


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Figure 2.3: Army Equipment in Major Asian Powers

China Japan North

Korea

South

Korea

India Russia

Air Defense 7990 840 21064 1480 5895

Air defense, guns 7700 11000 330 2395

Air defense, man portable 10000

Air defense, surface-to-air missile 290 740 1138 3500

Surface-to-surface missile 100 64 12

Aircraft 10 293

Aircraft, transport 293

Aircraft, utility 10

Anti-Tank 7460 3600 1700 58

Anti-tank, guns 260 58Anti-tank, missile 7200 630

Anti-tank, ramped craft logistic 2740 1700

Anti-tank, rocket launcher 230

Artillery 17830 1880 17900 10774 11258 25301

Artillery, multiple rocket launcher 2400 100 2500 185 208 3976

Artillery, self-propelled 1280 210 4400 1089 20 6010

Artillery, towed 14000 420 3500 3500 4510 12765

Artillery, mortar 150 1150 7500 6000 6520 2550

Helicopter 499 423 424 222 1278

Helicopter, assault 12

Helicopter, attack 126 200 60 635

Helicopter, search and rescue 7

Helicopter, special operations 6

Helicopter, support 278 53 21

Helicopter, transport 643

Helicopter, utility 88 170 337 210

Personnel Carrier 4440 850 2500 2880 1786 31230

Armored infantry fighting vehicle 1140 40 1455 15330

Armored personnel carrier 3300 850 2500 2840 331 9900Armored combat vehicle 6000

Reconnaissance 100 110 2000

Tank 7550 880 4060 2750 4047 22800

Tank, light 1000 560 150

Tank, main battle 6550 880 3500 2750 4047 22650


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Figure 2.4: Main Battle Tanks in Major Asian Powers: 1990, 2000, 2005 and 2010 6 (in thousands)

6 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010). Figures do not include equipment used for training purposes. Some equipment figures areestimates. All equipment figures represent equipment in active service.


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Figure 2.5: Main Battle Tanks in Major Asian Powers: 2010 7 (Number in active service)



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Figure 2.6: Armored Fighting Vehicles in Major Asian Powers: 20108(Number of MBTs, Lt Tanks, RECCE, AIFVs, and APCs in active service)



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Figure 2.7: Land Weapons in Major Asian Powers: 2010 9 (Number in active service)



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Figure 2.8.: Artillery Strength in Major Asian Powers: 2010 10 (Number in active service)



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Section 3:

Naval Manpower andEquipment for Major

Asian Powers


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Figure 3.1: Navy Manpower in Major Asian Powers

Navy and Navy Reserve Manpower (1,000s; Figures include Naval Aviation and Marines)China India Japan North

KoreaRussia South

Korea

Active 255 58.35 42.4 46 142 33

Reserve 0 55 0.9 65 0 0

Figure 3.2: Navy Manpower in Major Asian Powers: 1990, 2000, 2005 and 2010 11 (in thousands)



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Figure 3.3: Navy Equipment in Major Asian Powers

China Japan NorthKorea

SouthKorea

India Russia

Aircraft 346 159 13 94 100Aircraft, anti-submarine warfare 4 4 43

Aircraft, bomber 50 17

Aircraft, fighter 84 30

Aircraft, fighter ground attack 138 11

Aircraft, maritime patrol 4 80 20

Aircraft, maritime patrol anti-submarine warfare

8

Aircraft, reconnaissance 13

Aircraft, search and rescue 7

Aircraft, tanker 3Aircraft, training 122 63 22

Aircraft, transport 66 9 37 10

Aircraft, utility 5

Aircraft Carrier 1

Amphibious 83 5 10 111 10

Amphibious assault vehicle 102

Landing platform, dock 1

Landing ship, medium 56 10 5

Landing ship, tank 27 5 8 5

Corvettes 5 28 24

Corvette 5 28 4

Corvette, with guided missile 20

Cruiser 1

Cruiser with guided missile 1

Destroyers 28 44 10 8 5

Destroyer 4

Destroyer, with guided missile 28 40 10 8 5

Frigates 52 8 3 9 12 9

Frigate 3 1 9Frigate, with guided missile 52 8 9 11

Helicopter 86 133 29 107 63

Helicopter, airborne early warning 9

Helicopter, anti-submarine warfare 13 91 24 54 31

Helicopter, assault 25 6

Helicopter, mine countermeasures 9


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Helicopter, search and rescue 40 18 5

Helicopter, support 8 3 26

Helicopter, training 8

Helicopter, utility 4 5 39

Landing Craft 160 20 244 39 6

Air cushion vehicle 10 6 3

Landing craft, medium 20 12 18 10

Landing craft, personnel light 96

Landing craft, tank 6

Landing craft, utility 130 2 6

Landing craft, vehicles and personnel 130 20

Landing ship, assault

Mine Warfare, Counter 68 32 24 9 16 9

Mine countermeasures

Mine countermeasures, support 4Mine countermeasures, vessel 4 9

Mine hunter, coastal 24 6

Mine sweeper, auxiliary

Mine sweeper, coastal 4 25 3

Mine sweeper, drone 46

Mine sweeper, ocean 14 3 10

Offshore patrol vessel, withhelicopter

6

Mine Warfare, Layer 1 1

Patrol and Coastal Combatants 253 7 317 76 22 16Fast patrol craft with SSM 83 6 18 1 16

Fast patrol craft, coastal 93 19

Fast patrol craft, inshore 75 7

Guided missile patrol craft 16

Patrol craft 6

Patrol craft, coastal 27 15

Patrol craft, inshore 50 158

Patrol hydrofoil, with SSM 1

Patrol hydrofoil, with Torpedo 100

Personnel Carrier 180 750

Armored personnel carrier 180 750

Reconnaissance 60

Submarines, Strategic 3 4

Submarine, ballistic-missile, nuclear-fuelled

3 4

Submarines, Tactical 62 16 43 13 17 20


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Submarine, attack, diesel, non-ballistic missile launchers

1

Submarine, attack, nuclear-powered 6 1 11

Submarine, diesel 1

Submarine, diesel, coastal 21

Submarine, diesel, inshore 2Submarine, diesel, with ASWcapability

54 16 22 11 16 9

Tank 100 60 160

Tank, light 100

Tank, main battle 60 160


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Figure 3.4: Naval Surface Combat Ships in Major Asian Powers: 2010 12 (Number in active service)



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Section 4:

Air Force Manpowerand Equipment for

Major Asian Powers


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Figure 4.1: Air Force Manpower in Major Asian Powers

Air Force and Air Force Reserve Manpower (1,000s)China India Japan North

KoreaRussia South Korea

Active 315 127.2 34.76 189 160 64

Reserve 0 140 0.7 0 0 0


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Figure 4.2: Asian Air Force Manpower in Major Asian Powers: 1990, 2000, 2005 and2010 14

(inthousands)



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Figure 4.3: Air Force Equipment in Major Asian Powers

China Japan NorthKorea

SouthKorea

India Russia

Air Defense 16600 208 3400 1900

Air defense, guns 16000Air defense, man portable 3050

Air defense, static 38

Air defense, surface-to-air missile 300

Air defense, surface-to-air missile,self-propelled

300 1900

Air defense, surface-to-air-missile,towed

208 312

Aircraft 2446 599 1052 701 1126 1909

Aircraft, airborne early warning 12 14 1

Aircraft, bomber 82 80 116

Aircraft, electronic warfare 10 11 4

Aircraft, fighter 1100 250 388 467 96 725

Aircraft, fighter ground attack 283 152 536 807

Aircraft, reconnaissance 120 10 47 3 119


Aircraft, surveillance 3

Aircraft, tanker 18 4 6 20

Aircraft, training 522 240 215 150 271 92

Aircraft, transport 296 40 217 33 213 30

Aircraft, utility 10Helicopter 80 52 302 259 326 60

Helicopter, attack 20 20

Helicopter, reconnaissance 103


Helicopter, support 56 10 202 8 178


Not specified 60

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 100


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Figure 4.4: Fixed Wing Combat Aircraft in Major Asian Powers by Type: 2010 15

(Number in active service)

15 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London: Routledge, 2010). Data foreach aircraft type represent the sum of all active service aircraft in Army, Navy and Air Force inventories. Figures do not include equipment usedfor training purposes. Some equipment figures are estimates. All equipment figures represent equipment in active service.


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Figure 4.5: Rotary Wing Combat Aircraft in Major Asian Powers by Type: 2010 16 (Number in active service)

16 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010). Data for each aircraft type represent the sum of all active service aircraft in Army, Navy and AirForce inventories. Figures do not include equipment used for training purposes. Some equipment figures areestimates. All equipment figures represent equipment in active service.


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Section 5:

US Forces in thePacific


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Figure 5.1: US Forces in the Pacific in 2010: Equipment by Type and Location 17

Pacific Command (PACOM) Headquartered in Hawaii

GuamAbbreviation Definition Quantity

SSN Submarine, nuclear powered 3

JapanAbbreviation Definition Quantity

CVN Carrier, nuclear powered 1

CG Cruiser, with guided missiles 2

DDG Destroyer, with guided missiles 8

LCC Amphibious command ship 1

MCM Mine countermeasures 2

LHD Amphibious assault ship 1

LSD Landing ship, dock 2

South KoreaAbbreviation Definition Model

MBT Main battle tank M-1 Abrams

MBT Main battle tank M-2/M-3 Bradley

MBT Main battle tank M-109

HEL, ATK Helicopter, attack AH-64 Apache

HEL, TPT Helicopter, transport CH-47 Chinook

HEL, UTL Helicopter, utility UH-60 Black Hawk

ARTY, MLR Artillery, multiple rocket launcher MLRS

AD, SAM Air defense, surface-to-air missile MIM-104 Patriot

AD, SAM Air defense, surface-to-air missile FIM-92A Avenger

PacificAbbreviation Definition Quantity

SSBN Submarine, nuclear powered, with ballistic missiles 8

SSGN SSN, with dedicated, non-ballistic missiles 2

SSN Submarine, nuclear powered 26

CVN Carrier, nuclear powered 3

17 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010). Figures do not include equipment used for training purposes. All equipment figures representequipment in active service.


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CG Cruiser, with guided missiles 9

DDG Destroyer, with guided missiles 18

FFG Frigate, with guided missiles 10

MCM Mine countermeasures 2

LHD Amphibious assault ship 4

LHA Landing ship, assault 1

LPD Landing platform, dock 4

LSD Landing ship, dock 4


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Figure 5.2: US Forces in the Pacific in 2010: Forces by Role and Location

JapanQuantity Role

Army

1 HQ (9th Theater Army Area Command)

Navy

7th Fleet

1 HQ (7th Fleet)

Air Force

1 HQ (5th Air Force)

1 FTR WING with

2 FTR SQN with a total of 18 F-16 Fighting Falcon

1 FTR WING with

1 AEW SQN with 2 E-3B Sentry1 SAR SQN with 8 HH-60G Pave Hawk

2 FTR SQN with a total of 24 F-15C/D Eagle

1 LIFT WING with 10 C-130H Hercules

2 C-12J

Marines

1 DIV (3rd)

1 FTR SQN with 12 F/A-18D Hornet

1 TKR SQN with 12 KC-130J Hercules

2 SPT HEL SQN with 12 CH-46E Sea Knight

1 SPT HEL SQN with 12 MV-22B Osprey

3 SPT HEL SQN with 10 CH-53E Sea Stallion

1 SPEC OPS GRP

South KoreaQuantity Role

Army

1 HQ (8th Army)

1 HQ (2nd In Div)

1 HBCT

1 CBT AVN BDE

1 ARTY BDE

1 AD BDE

Air Force

1 HQ (7th Air Force)

1 FTR Wing, with


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1 FTR SQN with 20 F-16C/D Fighting Falcon

1 FTR SQN with 12 A-10 Thunderbolt II

12 OA-10 Thunderbolt II

1 FTR Wing, with

1 FTR SQN with 20 F-16C/D Fighting Falcon

1 SPEC OPS SQN


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Figure 6.1: US and Asia Nuclear Capable forces 18 United States

Quantity Role/Type

Navy

14 Ohio SSBN 730

each with up to 24 UGM-133A Trident D-5 strategic SLBM Air Force

6 SQN with 71 B-52H Stratofortress

each with up to 20 AGM-86B nuclear ALCM and/or AGM-129A nuclear ACM

2 SQN with 19 B-2A Spirit

each with up to 16 free-fall bombs

4 B-52 test heavy BBR

1 B-2 test heavy BBR

9 SQN with 500 LGM-30G Minuteman III

each with a capacity of 1-3 MIRV Mk12/Mk12A per missile

RussiaQuantity Role/Type

Navy

5 Delta III each with 16 RSM-50 Stingray strategic SLBM

6 Delta IV each with 16 RSM-54 Skiff strategic SLBM

2 Typhoon each with 40 RSM-52 Sturgeon strategic SLBM

1 Yury Dolgoruky

Strategic Rocket Force Troops

3 Rocket armies in 12 divisions

with 430 missiles and 1,605 nuclear warheads

Strategic Missiles

68 RS-20 Satan

180 RS12M Sickle

72 RS18 Stiletto

50 Topol-M, silo based

15 Topol-M, road mobile

1 REGT RS-24

Long-Range Aviation Command - 37th Air Army

By Role2 Heavy divisions with 4 regiments operating 79 BBR

in total carrying up to 856 LRCM

By Type

18 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010). Figures do not include equipment used for training purposes. Some equipment and personnelfigures are estimates. All equipment figures represent equipment in active service.


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60 MSL produced between 1993-1999

Up to 20 SS-150 Prithvi I/SS-250 Prithvi II

SS-350 Dhanush

PakistanQuantity Role/Type

Strategic Nuclear Forces

105 105 Hatf-1

Abdali/Hatf-2

50 50 Hatf-3

Up to 10 Shaheen-1/Hatf-4

Up to 25 Hatf-5/Ghauri

Ghauri II


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Figure 6.2: Chinese Missile Forces: 2010 19

19 Based on Appendix 1 in Office of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress, Military and Security Developments Involving the Peoples Republic of China 2010, August 2010.


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Section 7:The Military Balance

in Northeast Asia


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Figure 7.1: Northeast Asian Military Manpower in 2010 20 (in thousands)

20 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010). Some personnel figures are estimates.


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Figure 7.2a: Army Manpower and Equipment in Northeast Asia 21

Army and Army Reserve Manpower (1,000s)China Japan North

KoreaSouthKorea

Taiwan

Active 1600 138.4 950 560 200

Reserve 0 40 600 0 1500

Army EquipmentChina Japan North Korea South Korea Taiwan

Air Defense 7990 740 21000 1468 1078

Air defense, guns 7700 11000 330 400


Air defense, surface-to-air missile 290 740 1138 678

Aircraft 10Aircraft, utility 10

Anti-Tank 7460 3600 1700 58 1560

Anti-tank, guns 260 58

Anti-tank, missile 7200 630 1060

Anti-tank, ramped craft logistic 2740 1700 500

Anti-tank, rocket launcher 230

Artillery 17830 1880 17900 10774 1765

Artillery, multiple rocket launcher 2400 100 2500 185 300

Artillery, self-propelled 1280 210 4400 1089 405

Artillery, towed 14000 420 3500 3500 1060

Artillery, mortar 150 1150 7500 6000

Helicopter 499 423 424 220

Helicopter, attack 126 200 60 101


Helicopter, special operations 6

Helicopter, support 278 53 21 9



Personnel Carrier 4440 850 2500 2880 1175Armored infantry fighting vehicle 1140 40 225

Armored personnel carrier 3300 850 2500 2840 950

Reconnaissance 100



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Tank 7550 880 4060 2750 1831

Tank, light 1000 560 905

Tank, main battle 6550 880 3500 2750 926


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Figure 7.2b: Northeast Asian Modern Main Battle Tanks versus Total Holdings: 2010 22 (Number in Active Service)

22 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010). Data includes both Army and Marine inventories. Figures do not include equipment used fortraining purposes. Some equipment figures are estimates. All equipment figures represent equipment in activeservice.


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Figure 7.2c: Northeast Asian Armored Fighting Vehicles: 2010 23 (Number of Tanks, OAFVs, APCs, RECCE, in active service)



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Figure 7.2d: Northeast Asian Modern AFVs (MBTs, APCs, AIFVs) versus Total Holdingsof Other Armored Vehicles: 2010 24




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Figure 7.2e: Northeast Asian Artillery Strength: 201025(Number in active service)



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Figure 7.3a: Navy Manpower and Equipment in Northeast Asia

Navy and Navy Reserve Manpower (1,000s; Figures include Naval Aviation and Marines)China Japan North

KoreaSouthKorea

Taiwan

Active 255 42.4 46 33 45

Reserve 0 0.9 65 0 67

Navy EquipmentChina Japan North Korea South Korea Taiwan

Aircraft 346 159 13 32

Aircraft, anti-submarine warfare 4 32

Aircraft, bomber 50

Aircraft, fighter 84

Aircraft, fighter ground attack 138

Aircraft, maritime patrol 4 80

Aircraft, maritime patrol anti-submarine warfare

8



Aircraft, tanker 3

Aircraft, training 122 63

Aircraft, transport 66 9

Aircraft, utility 5

Amphibious 83 5 10 111 223

Amphibious assault vehicle 102 204

Landing platform, dock 1Landing platform, helicopter

Landing ship, dock 2

Landing ship, medium 56 10 4

Landing ship, tank 27 5 8 13

Command Ships 1

Amphibious command ship 1

Corvettes 5 28

Destroyers 28 44 10 4

Destroyer 4

Destroyer, with guided missile 28 40 10 4

Frigates 52 8 3 9 22

Frigate 3

Frigate, with guided missile 52 8 9 22

Helicopter 86 133 29 20

Helicopter, anti-submarinewarfare

13 91 24 20


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Helicopter, assault 25

Helicopter, mine countermeasures 9

Helicopter, search and rescue 40 18

Helicopter, support 8 3


Helicopter, utility 4 5

Landing Craft 160 20 244 39 290

Air cushion vehicle 10 6 3

Amphibious assault ship

Landing craft, heavy

Landing craft, medium 20 12 18 10 170

Landing craft, personnel light 96

Landing craft, tank 6

Landing craft, utility 130 2 20

Landing craft, vehicles andpersonnel 130 20 100

Mine Warfare, Counter 68 32 24 9 12

Mine countermeasures, support 4

Mine countermeasures, vessel 4

Mine hunter, coastal 24 6

Mine sweeper, coastal 4 25 3 8


Mine sweeper, ocean 14 3 4

Mine Warfare, Layer 1 1

Patrol and Coastal Combatants 253 7 317 76 73Fast patrol craft with SSM 83 6 18 1 61

Fast patrol craft, coastal 93 19 8

Fast patrol craft, inshore 75

Guided missile patrol craft 16 4

Patrol craft 6

Patrol craft, coastal 27

Patrol craft, inshore 50 158

Patrol hydrofoil, with SSM 1

Patrol hydrofoil, with Torpedo 100

Personnel Carrier 180

Armored personnel carrier 180

Submarines, Strategic 3

Submarine, ballistic-missile,nuclear-fuelled

3

Submarines, Tactical 62 16 43 13 4

Submarine, attack, diesel, non- 1


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ballistic missile launchers

Submarine, attack, nuclear-powered

6

Submarine, diesel 1

Submarine, diesel, coastal 21

Submarine, diesel, inshore 2Submarine, diesel, with ASWcapability

54 16 22 11 4

Tank 100

Tank, light 100


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Figure 7.3b: Northeast Asian Naval Combat Ships: 2010 26 (Number in active service)

26 Based primarily on material in International Institute for Strategic Studies , The Military Balance 2010 (London:Routledge, 2010). Data for patrol crafts includes standard, fast and hydrofoil patrol craft types. Figures do notinclude equipment used for training purposes. Some equipment figures are estimates. All equipment figuresrepresent equipment in active service.


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Figure 7.3c: Northeast Asian Naval Combat Ships by Category: 2010 27 (Number in active service)



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Figure 7.3d: Northeast Asian Submarines by Type: 2010 28 (Number in active service)



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Figure 7.4a: Air Force Manpower and Equipment in Northeast Asia

Air Force and Air Force Reserve Manpower (1,000s)China Japan North

KoreaSouthKorea

Taiwan

Active 315 34.76 189 64 45

Reserve 0 0.7 0 0 90

Air Force EquipmentChina Japan North Korea South Korea Taiwan

Air Defense 16600 208 3400

Air defense, guns 16000


Air defense, static 38


Air defense, surface-to-air missile,

self-propelled

300

Air defense, surface-to-air-missile,towed

208 312

Aircraft 2446 599 1052 701 446

Aircraft, airborne early warning 12 14 6

Aircraft, bomber 82 80

Aircraft, electronic warfare 10 11 4 2

Aircraft, fighter 1100 250 388 467 244

Aircraft, fighter ground attack 283 152 69

Aircraft, reconnaissance 120 10 47 8


Aircraft, surveillance 3

Aircraft, tanker 18 4

Aircraft, training 522 240 215 150 78

Aircraft, transport 296 40 217 33 39


Helicopter 80 52 302 259 35

Helicopter, attack 20

Helicopter, reconnaissance 103


Helicopter, support 56 10 202 8 34Helicopter, utility 24 80 48 1

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 100


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Figure 7.4b: Northeast Asian Fixed Wing Combat Aircraft by Branch: 201029(Number in active service)



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Figure 7.4c: Northeast Asian Fixed Wing Combat Aircraft by Type: 2010 30 (Number in active service)



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Figure 7.4d: Northeast Asian Rotary Wing Combat Aircraft by Branch: 2010 31 (Number in active service)



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Figure 7.4e: Northeast Asian Rotary Wing Combat Aircraft by Type: 2010 32 (Number in active service)



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Section 8:The Military Balance

in the Taiwan Straits


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Figure 8.1a: Combat Ground forces: 2010 34

34 Based on Appendix 1 in Off ice of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress, Military and Security Developments Involving the Peoples Republic of China 2010, August 2010.


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Figure 8.1b: Major Ground Units: 2010 35



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Figure 8.2a: Combat Naval Forces: 2010 36



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Figure 8.2b: Chinese Naval Units: 2010 37



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Figure 8.3b: Major Air Units: 2010 39



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Section 9:

The Military Balancein Southeast Asia

-


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Figure 9.1: Southeast Asian Active Military Manpower in 2010 40 (In thousands)



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Figure 9.2a: Army Manpower in Southeast Asia 41

Army and Army Reserve Manpower (1,000s)Australia Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia

Active 27.461 75 233 25.6 80

Reserve 15.315 50

Army and Army Reserve Manpower (1,000s)Vietnam Thailand Malaysia Singapore Philippines

Active 412 190 80 50 80

Reserve 50 300 100



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Figure 9.2b: Army Equipment in Southeast Asia 42

Australia Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia

Air Defense 48 413 123

Air Defense, guns 413 60

Air Defense, man portable 48

Air Defense, surface-to-air missile 48 15

Aircraft 11


Amphibious 42

Amphibious landing craft 42

Anti-Tank 1302 135 912

Anti-tank, ramped craft logistic 1302 135 260

Anti-tank, rocket launcher 584Anti-tank, man portable 60

Anti-tank, self-propelled 8

Artillery 566 428 1010 62 436

Artillery, multiple rocket launcher 28 18

Artillery, self-propelled

Artillery, towed 270 400 135 62 164

Artillery, mortar 296 875 254

Helicopter 127 71 20




Helicopter, utility 61 37 20

Patrol and Coastal Combatants 52

Patrol craft, riverine 12

Patrol boat, riverine 40

Personnel Carrier 1728 260 367 50 879

Armored infantry fighting vehicle 257 70 11 44


Light forces vehicle 697Reconnaissance 142 314

Tank 149 170 350 35 74

Tank, light 20 350 10 26



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Tank, main battle 149 150 25 48


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Figure 9.2b: Army Equipment in Southeast Asia (Continued)

Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam

Air Defense 105 202

Air Defense, guns 30 202

Surface-to-air missile 75

Aircraft 4 93


Aircraft, training 33


Aircraft, utility 1 10

Anti-Tank 320 498 12000

Anti-tank, guns 12000

Anti-tank, missile 30 318

Anti-tank, ramped craft logistic 290 180

Artillery 282 335 2473 3040

Artillery, multiple rocket launcher 710

Artillery, self-propelled 18 20 30

Artillery, towed 242 125 553 2300

Artillery, mortar 40 192 1900

Helicopter 173


Helicopter, support 6Helicopter, training 3

Helicopter, utility 159

Personnel Carrier 605 1280 950 1680

Armored infantry fighting vehicle 85 300

Armored personnel carrier 520 1280 950 1380

Reconnaissance 22 32 100

Tank 65 546 848 1935

Tank, light 65 350 515 620

Tank, main battle 196 333 1315


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Figure 9.2c: Southeast Asian Modern Main Battle Tanks versus Total Holdings: 2010 43 (Number in active service)



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Figure 9.2d: Southeast Asian Armored Fighting Vehicles: 201044(Number of Tanks, OAFVs, APCs, RECCE in active service)



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Figure 9.2e: Southeast Asian Modern AFVs (MBTs, APCs, AIFVs) versus Total Holdingsof Other Armored Vehicles: 2010 45




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Figure 9.3b: Navy Manpower and Equipment in Southeast Asia


Air Defense 150

Air Defense, guns 150

Aircraft 47

Aircraft, maritime patrol 24


Amphibious 3 29

Amphibious assault vehicle

Landing platform, dock 3

Landing platform, helicopter 2Landing ship, tank 1 26

Artillery 62

Artillery, multiple rocket launcher 12

Artillery, towed 50

Corvettes 23 10

Corvette 23 2

Corvette, with guided missile 8

Frigates 12 7 2

Frigate 8

Frigate, with guided missile 4 7 2

Helicopter 40 37 12

Helicopter, anti-submarine warfare 16 9



Helicopter, anti-submarine/anti-surfacewarfare

6

Landing Craft 27 54 115

Landing craft, heavy 6

Landing craft, medium 21 115

Landing craft, utility 54

Mine Warfare, Counter 11 11 4

Mine countermeasures, vessel 4

Mine hunter, coastal 6

Mine sweeper, coastal 2 9



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Armored infantry fighting vehicle

Armored personnel carrier 24 24

Submarines, Tactical 4

Submarine, diesel, with ASW capability 4


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Figure 9.3c: Southeast Asian Naval Combat Ships: 2010 47 (Number in active service)



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Figure 9.3e: Southeast Asian Submarines by Type: 2010 49 (Number in active service)



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Figure 9.4B: Air Force Manpower and Equipment in Southeast Asia


Aircraft 205 35 256 44 97

Aircraft, airborne warning and control system 6Aircraft, bomber 39

Aircraft, fighter 14 25 22 29

Aircraft, fighter ground attack 71 49 28

Aircraft, lift 33


Aircraft, reconnaissance 4 2

Aircraft, tanker 2

Aircraft, training 10 101 10 32



Aircraft, forward air control 12


Helicopter, anti-submarine warfare 20

Helicopter, search and rescue 10 3


Helicopter, training


Figure 9.4b: Air Force Equipment in Southeast Asia (Continued)

Air Force EquipmentPhilippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam

Air Defense 36

Surface-to-air missile 36

Aircraft 81 167 307 279

Aircraft, airborne early warning 4

Aircraft, anti-submarine 4

Aircraft, fighter 140Aircraft, fighter ground attack 99 64


Aircraft, tanker 9

Aircraft, training 44 41 123 43

Aircraft, transport 17 9 57 28



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Figure 9.4c: Southeast Asian Fixed Wing Combat Aircraft by Branch: 2010 50 (Number in active service)



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Figure 9.4d: Southeast Asian Fixed Wing Combat Aircraft by Type: 2010 51 (Number in active service)



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Figure 9.4e: Southeast Asian Modern Air Force Combat Aircraft versus Total CombatAircraft: 2010 52




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Figure 9.4f: Southeast Asian Rotary Wing Combat Aircraft by Branch: 2010 53 (Number in active service)



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Section 10:

The Military Balancein South Asia


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Figure 10.1: South Asian Active Military Manpower: 2010 55 (In thousands)



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Figure 10.2a: Army Manpower and Equipment in South Asia 56

Army and Army Reserve Manpower (1,000s)India Pakistan Burma Bangladesh Sri Lanka

Active 1129.9 550 375 126.153 117.9

Reserve 960 1.1

Army EquipmentIndia Pakistan Burma Bangladesh Sri Lanka

Air Defense 5895 4890 46 184 27

Air defense, guns 2395 1900 46 164 27

Air defense, surface-to-air missile 3500 2990 20

Aircraft 124 6




Anti-Tank 14400 1060 238 40

Anti-tank, guns 200 60

Anti-tank, missile 10500

Anti-tank, ramped craft logistic 3700 1000 238 40

Artillery 11258 4291 238 815 960

Artillery, multiple rocket launcher 208 52 30 22

Artillery, self-propelled 20 260 472

Artillery, towed 4510 1629 128 343 154

Artillery, mortar 6520 2350 80 784

Helicopter 222 161Helicopter, assault 12


Helicopter, support 54


Landing Craft 2

Amphibious, unspecified 2

Personnel Carrier 1786 1266 325 226 279

Armored infantry fighting vehicle 1455 62


Reconnaissance 110 115 15Tank 4047 2461 255 240 62

Tank, light 105 8

Tank, main battle 4047 2461 150 232 62



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Figure 10.2d: South Asian Modern AFVs versus Total Holdings of Other ArmoredVehicles: 2010 59




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Figure 10.4a: Air Force Manpower and Equipment in South Asia

Air Force and Air Force Reserve Manpower (1,000s)India Pakistan Burma Bangladesh Sri Lanka

Active 127.2 45 15 14 28

Reserve 140 2

Air Force EquipmentIndia Pakistan Burma Bangladesh Sri Lanka

Air Defense 150


Aircraft 1126 379 99 74 29

Aircraft, airborne early warning 1

Aircraft, electronic warfare 2

Aircraft, fighter 96 233 58 8 3

Aircraft, fighter ground attack 536 104 22 59 13

Aircraft, reconnaissance 3 15

Aircraft, tanker 6

Aircraft, training 271


Aircraft, utility 4






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Figure 10.4d: South Asian Modern Air Force Combat Aircraft versus Total CombatAircraft: 2010 64




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CSIS - Asia Military Balance 2010 14 Sep 2010

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