Cruise Report

NT14-02

Sagami Bay, Iheya North knoll field, South-West Japan

Proposal title

Sea Trail of performance of observation AUV "JINBEI"

Proposal title

Verification of the hydrothermal circulation mode using DC resistivity and Electro-magnetic method

R/V Natsushima

14 Feb 2014- 28 Feb 2014

Contents

1. Cruise information and summary of NT14-02 cruise

2. List of Participants

3. Ship Logs

4. 4. Instruments

4.1. AUV JINBEI

4.2 OBEM

5. Operation report and preliminary results

5.1 AUV JINBEI

5.2 OBEM recovery

5.3 Bathymetric survey

Appendix

R/V Natsushima

Cruise summary of NT14-02 cruise

Cruise information Cruise number NT14-02 Name of the cruise R/V Natsushima Chief scientist Tadahiro Hyakudome (MARITEC, JAMSTEC) Representative of the Science Party 1

Tadahiro Hyakudome (MARITEC, JAMSTEC) Title of the cruise

Sea Trial of Maneuverability and Survey Ability of AUV "JINBEI"

Representative of the Science Party 2 Takafumi Kasaya (SRRP, JAMSTEC)

Title of the cruise Verification of the hydrothermal circulation mode using DC resistivity and Electro-magnetic method

Cruise period 14 Feb 2014 – 28 Feb 2014Ports of call Yokosuka (Sumitomo Heavy Industry)

– Yokosuka (Sumitomo Heavy Industry) Research Area Sagami bay and Iheya (Fig.1)

Fig.1 Ship tracks of this cruise.

Cruise proposal 1” Sea Trial of Maneuverability and Survey Ability of AUV "JINBEI"”

We took place performance tests for the AUV "JINBEI" such as maneuverability test,survey ability and acoustic telemetry. And we confirmed every functions of the AUVafter improvement and maintenance. But, we understood that we cannot recover theAUV with safety using equipment of the NATSUSHIMA at the launch and recover training. So we cancel the sea trail of the vehicle.

Cruise proposal 2”Verification of the hydrothermal circulation model using DC resistivity andElectro-magnetic method”

It is very important for the study of the origin and formation of hydrothermal deposit to detect the subsurface hydrothermal circulation system. In Iheya North knoll field,seismic survey and deep-sea drilling study had carried out. However, their result havenot been fully elucidated the whole hydrothermal circulation system. Geophysicalexploration method based on the electromagnetism is very sensitive to the conductivefluid and mineral resources. Therefore, we have carried out the DC resistivity surveyand magneto-telluric (MT) survey around Iheya North knoll filed. In this cruise, wetried to recover six ocean bottom electro-magnetometers (OBEMs) for the MT survey,and were succeeded the recovery operation perfectly. We will obtain the resistivitystructure of this area to analyze OBEM’s data.

2. List of Participants

NT14-02 list of participants (2014/02/14-2014/02/17)

Scientists

HYAKUDOME TADAHIRO

MATSUURA MASAMI

YOSHIUME TSUYOSHI

OCHI HIROSHI

NAMBU YOSHINOBU

KOMUKU TETSUYA

WATANABE YOSHITAKA

NAKATANI TAKESHI

OOWATARI YUKI

NIIKURA JUNYA

KIDA YUKIHIRO

KITADA KAZUYA

KANAYAMA KAZUHIRO

ABE MASAYOSHI

Marine technician

IWAMOTO HISANORI

R/V NATSUSHIMA Crew

Captain

Chief Officer

2nd Officer

3rd Officer

Chief Engineer

1st Engineer

2nd Engineer

Jr.2nd Engineer

3rd Engineer

Chief Electronics Operator

2nd Electronics Operator

Boat Swain

MASUJIMA HIROAKI

KATO HIROYUKI

KATSUMATA MOTOI

FUJII SYUNSUKE

KANEDA KAZUHIKO

TADOOKA NAOHITO

MURAKAMI MORIHIKO

GIBU DAISUKE

YAMAGUCHI KATSUTO

NASU TOKINORI

KURAMOTO YOSHIKAZU

HOSOKAWA SEIJI

Able Seaman CHIMOTO TSUYOSHI

Able Seaman ISOBE HIDEO

Able Seaman MIYASHITA TAKUYA

Sailor UZUKI SHINSUKE

Sailor NAKANISHI TORU

Sailor MOTOOKA YUTA

No.1 Oiler IKEDA TOSHIKAZU

Oiler YOSHIDA KATSUYUKI

Oiler UEDA MASANORI

Oiler TANAKA MASAKI

Oiler SATO DAIKI

Oiler SHIMOHATA SHOTA

Chief Steward MATSUMOTO ISAO

Steward FUKUMURA HIDEO

Steward ONOUE TASUNARI

Steward HIRAYAMA KAZUHIRO

Steward KUBOTA RYU

NT14-02 list of participants (2014/02/17-2014/02/25)

Scientists

KASAYA TAKAFUMI

KITADA KAZUYA

NITTA SUEHIRO

KIYOSAWA MASAHARU

Marine technician

IWAMOTO HISANORI

R/V NATSUSHIMA Crew

Captain

Chief Officer

2nd Officer

3rd Officer

Chief Engineer

1st Engineer

2nd Engineer

Jr.2nd Engineer

3rd Engineer

Chief Electronics Operator

2nd Electronics Operator

3rd Electronics Operator

Boat Swain

Able Seaman

Able Seaman

Able Seaman

Sailor

Sailor

Sailor

No.1 Oiler

Oiler

Oiler

Oiler

Oiler

MASUJIMA HIROAKI

KATO HIROYUKI

KATSUMATA MOTOI

FUJII SYUNSUKE

KANEDA KAZUHIKO

TADOOKA NAOHITO

MURAKAMI MORIHIKO

GIBU DAISUKE

YAMAGUCHI KATSUTO

NASU TOKINORI

ISHIWATA HIROKI

KURAMOTO YOSHIKAZU

HOSOKAWA SEIJI

CHIMOTO TSUYOSHI

ISOBE HIDEO

MIYASHITA TAKUYA

UZUKI SHINSUKE

NAKANISHI TORU

MOTOOKA YUTA

IKEDA TOSHIKAZU

YOSHIDA KATSUYUKI

UEDA MASANORI

TANAKA MASAKI

SATO DAIKI

Oiler SHIMOHATA SHOTA

Chief Steward MATSUMOTO ISAO

Steward FUKUMURA HIDEO

Steward ONOUE TASUNARI

Steward HIRAYAMA KAZUHIRO

Steward KUBOTA RYU

3. Ship Logs

Date Local Time Description Position/Weather/Wind/Sea

condition

14-Feb-14 08:00 scientists onboard 2/14 12:00 (UTC+9h)

09:00 departure from Sumitomo heavy indus., Yokosuka 35-08.1N,139-27.6E

10:00-10:20 lecture for life of shipboard life and safety snow

10:20-11:30 meeting for JINBEI launch and recovery process North-7 (near gale)

drift at westward off Miura pen. 5 (sea rough)

4 (Moderate average)

Visibly: 1'

15-Feb-14 11:00 left off westward off Miura pen. for Yokosuka No.4 2/15 12:00 (UTC+9h)

13:45 let go anchor at Yokosuka No.4 35-06.0N,139-40.0E

15:00-17:00 JINBEI launch and recovery test cloudy

North-5 (fresh breeze)

3 (sea slight)

3 (Moderate short)

Visibly: 8'

16-Feb-14 12:15 heaving anchor, for Sagami bay 2/16 12:00 (UTC+9h)

16:00-17:30 JINBEI launch and recovery test 35-19.8N,139-40.5E

fine but cloudy

NNW-7 (near gale)

4 (sea moderate)

2 (Low swell long)

Visibly: 8'

17-Feb-14 04:00 left off Sagami bay for Yokosuka No.4 2/17 12:00 (UTC+9h)

07:00 let go anchor at Yokosuka No.4 35-19.9N,139-40.2E

14:00-16:00 got to the shore Sumitomo heavy indus. fine but cloudy

12 scientists disembarked, 3 scientists embarked ESE-2 (light breeze)

1 (calm)

1 (Low swell sea)

Visibly: 8'

18-Feb-14 transit to research area 2/18 12:00 (UTC+9h)

33-54.5N,136-42.0E

cloudy

NW-7 (near gale)

5 (sea rough)

4 (Moderate average)

Visibly: 8'

19-Feb-14 transit to research area 2/19 12:00 (UTC+9h)

13:00-13:45 onboard seminar 32-13.5N,132-12.0E

cloudy

NNW-7 (near gale)

5 (sea rough)

5 (Moderate long)

Visibly: 7'

20-Feb-14 transit to research area 2/20 12:00 (UTC+9h)

28-32.5N,128-59.0E

cloudy

North-6 (strong breeze)

4 (sea moderate)

4 (Moderate average)

Visibly: 8'

21-Feb-14 04:00 arrived at research area 2/21 12:00 (UTC+9h)

08:02 released XBT 27-52.0N,126-54.0E

12:58 send release command to OBEM B1 fine but cloudy

13:58 OBEM B1 on deck NNE-4 (moderate breeze)

14:45 send release command to OBEM B3 3 (sea slight)

15:59 OBEM B3 on deck 4 (Moderate average)

16:31 send release command to OBEM B4 Visibly: 8'

17:41 OBEM B4 on deck

19:20­ MBES and plume survey

22-Feb-14 -05:12 MBES and plume survey 2/22 12:00 (UTC+9h)

06:48 send release command to OBEM B2 27-43.0N,127-02.0E

07:51 OBEM B2 on deck fine but cloudy

08:25 send release command to OBEM B5 North-4 (moderate breeze)

09:22 OBEM B5 on deck 3 (sea slight)

09:46 send release command to OBEM B6 3 (Moderate short)

10:39 OBEM B6 on deck Visibly: 8'

11:19-20:09 MBES and plume survey

22:11­ MBES

23-Feb-14 -09:48 MBES 2/23 12:00 (UTC+9h)

10:31 released XBT 27-23.5N,127-11.5E

11:01­ MBES and plume survey fine but cloudy

NE-3 (gentle breeze)

2 (sea smooth)

2 (Low swell long)

Visibly: 8'

24-Feb-14 -18:07 MBES and plume survey 2/24 12:00 (UTC+9h)

27-26.0N,127-24.0E

fine but cloudy

East-4 (moderate breeze)

3 (sea slight)

2 (Low swell long)

Visibly: 8'

25-Feb-14 08:30 disembarked by boat at Naze port, AMAMI

OOSHIMA 2/25 08:30 (UTC+9h)

AMAMI OOSHIMA

4. Instruments

4.1. AUV JINBEI

Fig.2 AUV “JINBEI”

Specifications of the Fuel Cell SystemType : AUV Size : 4 x 1.1 x 1.0 m Weight : 1,700 kg Maximum Depth : 3,000m Cruising Speed : 0.7 – 3.0 knots Min Cruising Alt. : 30 m Min Turning Radius : 20 m Endurance : 10 hours (@ 2 knots) Communication : Acoustic, Optical, Satellite & Wireless LAN Navigation System : INS, DVL, Depth censor, Altimeter & SSBL

4.2 Ocean bottom electro-magnetometer (OBEM)

The OBEM system can measure time variations of three components of magnetic field, two

components of horizontal electric field, the instrumental tilts, and temperature. It mainly consists of

one 17-inch glass sphere, sensor unit in aluminium/titanium pressure housing and electrode arm unit

with arm holding mechanism (Fig. 4.2.1). The glass sphere involves data logger and a lithium

battery pack. The sensor unit has a high-accuracy fluxgate magnetometer, tiltmeter and thermometer.

The electrodes are Ag-AgCl equilibrium type made by Clover Tech. For electric field, four voltage

differences between the electrodes on the tip of the pipes and the ground electrode are measured. The

electrodes were monitored their self-potentials in laboratory in advance of the seafloor observation

and pairs that the coherence is high enough were selected, in order to reduce the noise due to the

voltage drift of electrodes themselves. A transponder unit, radio beacon and a flashlight are also

mounted on the OBEM. The acoustic system can communicate with the SSBL system and it is easy

for us to detect its position in the sea or on the seafloor. There are a transponder unit mounted on the

OBEM system. This transponder unit, of which the acoustic and the pressure case units are

combined, has a 2-year battery life.

Fig. 4.2.1 OBEM system

Concepts of the type the OBEM system are miniaturization, a high sampling rate, easy

assembly and recovery operations, and low costs of construction and operation. The arm holding

mechanism, which electrode arm is folded when OBEM is in surfacing (Fig. 4.2.2), enable recovery

operation even by the small ship that do not equip A frame (Kasaya et al., 2006; Kasaya and Goto,

2009).

Fig. 4.2.2 Electrode arm-holding mechanism of type A OBEM

References Kasaya, T., T. Goto, and R. Takagi, Marine electromagnetic observation technique and

its development –For crustal structure survey-, BUTSURI-TANSA, 59, 585-594 (in Japanese with English abstract), 2006.

Kasaya, T., and T. Goto, A small OBEM and OBE system with an arm folding mechanism, Exploration Geophysics, 40, 41-48, 2009.

5. Operation report and preliminary results 5.1 JINBEI experiment

Test Point: Port at Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ship refuge cause of bad sea condition

- Training of scenario simulator

2014 February 15 Test Point: Yokosuka 4 ward

- Training for new Launch and Recovery System - Functional tests for the vehicle

2014 February 16 Test Point: Near Hatsushima Island

- Training for new Launch and Recovery System

2014 February 17 Port at Sumitomo Heavy Industries

- Replace researcher

Figure 5.1.1 recovery scene

5.2 OBEM recovery operation

We carried out a recovery operation of six OBEMs (Fig. 5.2.2) deployed in MR13-E02 cruise at 21 and 22 Feb. 2014. We send an acoustic release signal from R/V Natsushima, and all OBEMs were recovered perfectly. The estimated accent rate was approximately 43 m/min base on the SSBL system. Figure 5.2.1 shows the recovery operation of an OBEM on deck. After the recovery operation, the clock of OBEM was compared with the GPS clock. We also downloaded all data from six OBEMs completely.

Figure 5.2.1 Photo of the recovery operation.

Figure 5.2.2 Site map of deployed OBEMs.

Table 5.2.1 Information of the OBEMs.

Site

ID

OBEM

ID

Deployed

time (JST)

Deployed

Latitude

Deployed

Longitude

Landed

time (JST) Landed Latitude

Landed

Longitude

Depth

(m)

B1 JM109

2013/11/30

14:07 27-51.53N 126-53.55E

2013/11/30

14:40 27-51.7769N 126-53.7060E 1251.7

B2 JM100

2013/11/30

16:06 27-44.09N 126-55.19E

2013/11/30

16:39 27-44.3259N 126-55.3392E 1479.3

B3 JM103

2013/11/30

12:27 27-50.48N 126-46.99E

2013/11/30

12:56 27-50.6716N 126-47.1980E 1389.5

B4 JM105

2013/11/30

10:05 27-47.45N 126-46.96E

2013/11/30

10:34 27-47.6028N 126-47.1261E 1475.4

B5 JM108

2013/11/30

17:41 27-47.37N 126-59.74E

2013/11/30

18:10 27-47.6095N 126-59.9238E 1317.0

B6 JM110

2013/12/5

15:27 27-47.28N 127-02.88E

2013/12/5

16:00 27-47.4315N 127-03.1333E 1335.5

Table 5.2.1 Information of the OBEMs.

site

ID

OBEM

ID Landed Latitude

Landed

Longitude Depth

Send release command

time (JST) On deck time (JST)

B1 JM109 27-51.7769N 126-53.7060E 1251.7 2014/2/21 12:58 2014/2/21 13:53

B2 JM100 27-44.3259N 126-55.3392E 1479.3 2014/2/22 06:48 2014/2/22 07:51

B3 JM103 27-50.6716N 126-47.1980E 1389.5 2014/2/21 14:45 2014/2/21 15:59

B4 JM105 27-47.6028N 126-47.1261E 1475.4 2014/2/21 16:31 2014/2/21 17:41

B5 JM108 27-47.6095N 126-59.9238E 1317.0 2014/2/22 08:25 2014/2/22 09:22

B6 JM110 27-47.4315N 127-03.1333E 1335.5 2014/2/22 09:46 2014/2/22 10:39

5.3. MBES survey

We have conducted a bathymetric survey to reveal the detailed morphological features in

the mid Okinawa Trough. Bathymetry data was collected by the multi-beam echo sounder (MBES)

using the SeaBat 8160 system equipped on board R/V Natsushima. The obtained data were

calibrated based on the sound speed profile in the water column based on expendable

bathythermograph (XBT). The ship speed was 3-6 knot and the track spacing was 0.3 to 0.8

nautical mile to maintain the data quality. The resulting bathymetric map is illustrated in Fig. 5.3.1

and the survey lines are listed in Table 5.3.1.

Figure 5.3.1 Multinarrow beam bathymetric map of the mid Okinawa Trough. The black lines

are survey lines during the cruise.

Table 5.3.1 List of MBES survey lines

Appendix R/V Natsushima

Ocean research vessel Natsushima was built as a support vessel of submersible SHINKAI 2000 in 1980s. R/V Natsushima was reconstructed as a support vessel of Hyper Dolphin.

General information about NATSUSHIMA Length:67.4m Bow thruster: 4T/1.4T×220kw/110kw×1 1 Width:13.0m Maximum speed:12.0kt Depth:6.3m Duration:5000 mile Max capacity: 55 persons (18 scientists) Gross Tonnage:1739t Main prop: Variable pitch propeller 2 axis×4 Wing CPP,540N

Research equipment (1) MBES Bathymetric data were collected by the SEABAT 8160 (RESON). The SEABAT is a multibeam survey system that generates data for and produces wide-swath contour maps and side scan images. It transmits a sonar signal from projectors mounted along the keel of the ship. The sonar signal travels through the sea water to the seafloor and is reflected off the bottom. Hydrophones mounted across the bottom of the ship receive the reflected sonar signals. The system electronics process the signals, and based on the travel time of the received signals as well as signal intensity, calculate the bottom depth and other characteristics such as S/N ratio for echoes received across the swath. Positioning of depths on the seafloor is based on GPS and ship motion input. The data is logged to the hard disk for post processing which allows for additional analysis. Plotters and side scan graphic recorder are also included with system for data recording and display. Max depth: 3000 m Frequency: 50 kHz Number of beams: 126 Swath angle: 150 degree (depend on depth) Each beam width: 1.5 x 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, or 6.0 degree Minimum resolution: 1.4, 2.9, 8.9 cm (depend on above beam width) Maximum transmit rate:15 ping/sec

(2) PDR

This can record a water depth at right below and make contour map together withnavigation data.Max depth: more than 3000mRecord Range: 200～800m (changeable)Frequency: 12kHz +/-5%Output: more than110dB (0dB unbar at 1m)Directivity: conical beam patternBeam width: 15deg. +/-5 deg. (-3dB)Pulse width: 1, 3, 10, 30msec

(3) XBT equipment XBT profile a vertical water temperature by free-fall probe.

Maximum measurable depth:1830m Measure range:-2 deg.～+35 deg.

(4) Navigation equipment Position of the ship is measured by DGPS within about 3m error. ROV and transponder are measured by acoustic positioning system.

(5) Laboratory There are laboratories at the back part of second deck. Each room has AC100V power supply and LAN network. The video of HPD diving and deck-camera video are distributed to the laboratories and every cabin. • Second laboratory: There are two desktop PCs (windows and Mac), equipment for video editing, color copy with printer, meeting desk and white board. Hi-definition video of HPD is distributed to this laboratory. You can copy from a digital data to HDD and DVD-R. • Third laboratory: There are two sinks, refrigerator (-80deg. low temperature refrigerator, Incubator, domestic refrigerator, ice maker, ice crasher) and filtrate water system (Milliq Integral). And sea water for experiment is supply to the sink. • Dry laboratory: There are a work desk and a shelf for baggage. This room has 4 beds to be used as a private one in case that there are many researchers.

At the work deck, there are rock-cutter rooms • Rock-cutter room: There are a rock cutter and two grinders. And exclusive

video player is set to describe rocks with playing video of ROV diving.