Cruise Planning and Cruising Course Chapter 12 Emergencies and Medical United States Power Squadrons...
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Transcript of Cruise Planning and Cruising Course Chapter 12 Emergencies and Medical United States Power Squadrons...
Cruise Planning and Cruising Course
Chapter 12Emergencies and Medical
United States Power Squadrons ®
Instructors and Students Please Note:Post-release corrections, notes, and updates are posted at:http://www.usps.org/national/eddept/cp/main.htmPlease check the site in order to have the best available materials.
Slide 2
Summary – Part I
Severe weather Equipment damage Fire Collision Man overboard Sinking Abandoning ship Other
Summary – Part II
Seasickness Diarrhea Sunburn Injuries Stings Shock Hyperthermia Hypothermia CPR First Aid Kit
Slide 3
Severe Weather
Weather “windows”• Cruising when the weather is favorable• Minimize schedule demands
Plan action before severe weather• PFD’s• Foul weather gear• Jacklines and harnesses• Secure boat gear on deck or remove below
During storm• Know your position• Maintain radio watch
Slide 4
Equipment Damage
Engine loss• Drop anchor, if possible• Maintain spare parts and tools onboard• Insurance policy that includes towing
Rudder loss• Drop anchor, if possible• Emergency tiller• Spare parts
Dismasting• Regular inspections to prevent loss• Tools
Slide 5
Fire
Fire extinguishers Types of fire
• Type A• Type B• Type C
Spontaneous combustion• Ignition with or without spark• Control storage of soaked rags
Slide 6
Collision
Shipping lanes• Large ships in narrow channels cannot
maneuver• Small vessels often not observed
Contact commercial vessels Use your vessel’s electronics to avoid
collision Keep a lookout!
Slide 7
Man Overboard
Drills are important Practice for the event
• Difficult to see a person in the water
From a powerboat, difficult to hear the person overboard
In sailboats, use the quick-stop method Determine how you will retrieve the
person
Slide 8
Man Overboard
Slide 9
Sinking
Plug holes to reduce inflow Dewatering is failing or has failed Issue Mayday calls
• Use DSC radio• Call on channel 16• Know boat’s position
Prepare to abandon ship
Slide 10
Abandoning Ship
Life raft vs. dinghy EPIRB onboard Check equipment on life raft Emergency kit (ditch bag) Navigation equipment too “Step up into the life raft”
Slide 11
Other Emergencies
Grounding• Severity will depend upon location
Fouled propeller• Crab and lobster pots abound• Stop engines or drop sails• Anchor if possible• Go overboard to cut line
Loss of Electrical Power• Consider backup means
Slide 12
Part II - Medical PreparednessSeasickness
Boat motionsickness Symptoms
• Skin pallor• Cold sweating• Headache• Dizziness• Nausea and vomiting
Several over the counter medications available• Try different ones• Use before boarding
Slide 13
Diarrhea
Food and water contamination Viral or bacterial Dehyration Over the counter medications can reduce
and halt bowel movements
Slide 14
Sunburn
Sunlight is essential to the body Excessive sun causes burn Protection is key
• Clothing• Lotions: SPF 30 is sufficient
Protect eyes with sunglasses For burns, aloe based lotions
Slide 15
Injuries
Bumps, bruises, fractures, cuts, and burns Wounds
• Fish hooks, knife cuts, scrapes• Stop bleeding first• Use soap and water to clean a wound• Then bandage
Fractures• Splinting to immobilize
Burns• Use cold water• Ointment• If severe, use non-adhering pads and bandage
Slide 16
Stings
Jellyfish and related groups are numerous If stung, …
• Remove tentacles• Use stiff card to scrape the skin clean• Apply alcohol to neutralize remaining toxins• Take pain reliever for discomfort
Some species are different• Portuguese Man-of-War or Bluebottle
Not a jellyfish, but a colony of organisms called siphonophore Remove tentacles with gloves and treat with salt water,
followed by hot water
• May require emergency medical treatment for severe pain
Slide 17
Shock
Severe injury can bring on shock A condition where the circulatory system
collapses See emergency medical treatment
immediately While waiting for help,
• Place in a reclined position and elevate feet (unless a head injury)
• Cover victim with blankets to increase body temperature
• Have victim take sips of water• Try to keep victim awake
Slide 18
Hyperthermia
Overheating of the body Heat cramps
• Painful contractions of the muscles• Caused by salt loss
Heat exhaustion• Loss of fluids or insufficient intake• Symptoms are profuse sweating, nausea, or
dizziness• Rest in cool place and drink liquids• Apply cool, wet cloths to cool the body
Slide 19
Hyperthermia
Heat stroke or sun stroke• Sweating ceases and body temperature rises• Symptoms include nausea, vomiting and
headache• Very high body temperature (105 degrees
plus)• Cool victim as soon as possible• Seek emergency medical care
Prevention is key• When perspiration begins, drink plenty of
liquids
Slide 20
Hypothermia
Body temperature is too cool Commonly associated with man
overboard situations Symptoms include mental confusion,
drowsiness and slurred speech Get person onboard and in dry, warm
clothes Warm the body slowly Can affect elderly and small children in
cold weather on land
Slide 21
CPR and First Aid
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)• Course offered by the American Heart
Association and the American Red Cross• USPS has partnered with these organizations• First aid training is usually part of the program
First Aid Kit• Must have for any type of cruising• Kits available for cruise types
Slide 22
Extra Slides
Slide 23
Losing Power
Three causes of engine/power shutdowns •Fuel problems
Trash or water present•Electrical system problems
Dead battery Dirty spark plugs
•Cooling system problems Closed seacock Weeds in strainer Damaged impeller
24
Broken Rigging
Temporary Repairs
25
Steering Failures
Jury-rigged rudders
Self Steering
26
Steering Failures
Emergency tiller
Using engines
27
Plug the Hole
Check the bilge• Seacocks and hoses
Wooden plugs• Tapered softwood
Heel and cover • Sails, cushion or
mattress
28
Taking On Water
Uses the Engine water pump to augment the normal bilge pumps
29
Slide 30
Questions ? … Comments