CrossRef: Using metadata CrossRef: Using metadata CrossRef: Using metadata CrossRef: Using metadata and identifiers to improve and identifiers to improve and identifiers to improve and identifiers to improve scholarly communicationsscholarly communicationsscholarly communicationsscholarly communications

Ed PentzExecutive Director, CrossRef

Chair, ORCID BoardBoard Member, International DOI Foundation

Photo: `R4cH3L on Flickr

• CrossRef: membership association of publishers

• Founded for strategic reasons: services best achieved collaboratively

• 16 member board of directors from membership

• Broad church: Commercial, societies, non-profits, university presses, OA publishers – 66% non-profit

• All subjects: STM, humanities, social science, professional

• A powerful NETWORK

Strategic .orgStrategic .orgStrategic .orgStrategic .org

Technical Technical Technical Technical InfrastructureInfrastructureInfrastructureInfrastructure

• Unique identification

• Persistent citation and linking - DOIs

• Managed system – no broken links

• Content discoverable

Provides an organizational

foundation for widespread linking

• One agreement with CrossRef

is a linking agreement with all

other CrossRef participants

• Membership association for

cooperative development of a

digital linking infrastructure

• Business model neutral

Services•Cross-publisher reference linking

•Cross-publisherCited-by linking

•Cross-publisher metadata feeds

•Cross-publisher plagiarism screening

•Cross-publisherupdate identification

•Cross-publisherfunder identification

•Cross-publishertext and data mining

Powered by

iThenticate

0

10,000,000

20,000,000

30,000,000

40,000,000

50,000,000

60,000,000

70,000,000

20022003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Lots of content

Journals, 54,495,157

Standards, 131,652

Books, 8,764,312

Conferences, 3,810,759

Components, 1,714,767

More than journals

0

275,000,000

550,000,000

825,000,000

1,100,000,000

200220032004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Est

Lots of users getting to content

5,375 participating organizations

1,906 libraries

Identifiers + Metadata

Services + Community

=

Powerful system for collaboration: persistent linking, discoverability, trust

A standard way of reporting funding sources for published scholarly research

National Institutes of Health

NIH? N.I.H.? National Institute of Health?

Abbreviations, misspellings, translations...

Funding bodies cannot easily track the published output of funding

Publishers cannot easily report which articles result from research supported by specific funders or grants

Institutions cannot easily link funding received to published output

Lack of standard metadata for funding sources makes it difficult to analyse or data mine

Why does this matter?

Publishers

Relationship with authors submitting

manuscripts

Established publishing and peer-review

systems

Funders

Relationship with researchers funded by

agencies

Established award systems and research management processes

FundRef Registry

8,000 funder names and ID numbers from curated Elsevier SciVal registry, donated to FundRef

Hosted by CrossRef, available under CC0

Will be added to and updated

Publishers to use this list to ensure consistency

www.crossref.org/fundref/fundref_registry.html

DOI

FundingSource

Award Number

DOI

FundingSource

Award Number

Look up funding data

http://search.crossref.org/fundref

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5993-8592

ORCID

Live ORCID iDs - 964,638

Works with unique DOIs - 2,222,880

ORCID iDs in CrossRef - 134,386

Data

Data

Data

Data

http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001975

Collaboration: DOI Community

Collaboration: DOI Community

Multiple IDs & Orgs• CrossRef DOIs

• DataCite DOIs

• Japan Link Center DOIs

• Other DOI Registration Agencies

• Funder IDs

• ORCID IDs

• [License metadata]

APIs essential

• Combination of free and “for fee” APIs

• Charge for services - not data

• http://api.crossref.org/

http://api.crossref.org/works?filter=has-orcid:true

Identifiers + Metadata

Services + Community

=

Powerful system for collaboration: persistent linking, discoverability, trust