cross s

Drawing by Wilma Lanney

I a ross 1 Os ski s By Dale E. Shaffer

H ISTORIANS PERFORM A TASK of recording, in an objective and factual way, information

about the past. This involves people, places, events and things - good and bad. One topic of local his­tory not often written about is the Ku Klux Klan.

To begin my research, I talked. with numerous older residents who remember Ku Klux Klan activ­ity in the area. None had been a member, but all recalled incidents involving the organization; namely, parades, burning crosses, fireworks, white robes, acts of violence and being approached on the street to join. One person even remembered the Klan phonograph records that were played at meetings.

There was, indeed, a certain amount of excite­ment connected with parades and cross burnings. Many good citizens, both professionals and blue collar workers, saw nothing wrong with paying $10 to join an organization boasting of principles that sounded so patriotic and all-American.

But when these good citizens saw some of their fell.ow klansman carrying guns, and using a revolver for a gavel at meetings, they quickly ended their participation. Their white robes were thrown into attic trunks and never used again.

Historically, klan activity in northeastern Ohio began gathering momentum in the early 1920s. By June 1923 the Salem organization had a member­ship of about 1,000 men. East Liverpool had four times that many. Almost every city in Columbiana County had its group of klansmen.

To gain a basic understanding of the extent of KKK activities during the years of 1923 through 1925, it is necessary to review news accounts about the organization's meetings, ceremonies and initia­tions. What follows are some paraphrased excerpts from factual articles describing events relating to the klan.

March 31, 1923 - Fiery crosses

Mahoning County hills were ablaze with flaming crosses of th.e Ku Klux Klan Saturday night (Maren 31) when a grand assembly of members was held. In all, 45 of the klan standards were raised. Blazing crosses could be seen at numerous points in Youngstown, Struthers, Lowellville, Canfield, Aus­tintown, Boardman, Petersburg, New Castle and Scienceville.

Aerial bombs and star flares were also used in the pyrotechnic display held at 9:30 in the evening. Officials of the klan said there was no violence and that the display was merely part of the ceremony

which preceded initiation. In North Jackson the skies were illuminated by

five huge fiery cro~ses. This was acco~panied by the setting off of a score of bombs. Residents were awakened, and fearing warfare between rum run-

ners and village constables, called county officials to the scene.

May 8, 1923 - First KKK activities in Salem

The first activities of the knights of the Ku Klux Klan in Salem took place on Tuesday night (May 8) when several hundred members of the organiza­tion participated in a meeting inside a Main Street building. It was open to the public. At the close of the meeting a large dass of candidates was accepted into the group. The out-of-town speakers addressed members on "A Pure Americanism."

At this time membership was about 500 men. The meeting on May 8, 1923 marked the first activ­ity of the kfan since its organization, although sev­eral fiery crosses, the embfem of the klan, had been burned in recent months throughout Columbiana, Mahoning and Stark Counties, in the vicinity of Salem. Salem klansmen took part in these outdoor activities.

May 8, 1923 - Initiation at North Benton

More than 5,000 klansmen participated last night (May 8) in an initiation ceremony at North Benton. Hundreds of automobiles formed a cavalcade to the village. At 6 p.m. the klan appeared on a small hill. Soon, hundreds of cars passed through part of the village toward the field.

Robed figures patroled roads, directing traffic along the highway. Cars of klansmen were placed in a large circle to illuminate the entire area and protect against intruders. Guards in robes pre­vented trespassers from approaching within an eighth of a mile of the place.

Five hundred candidates were initiated into the klan. A gigantic fiery cross, which could be seen for miles, illuminated the field of ceremonies. Traffic on Route 62 between Salem and Alliance was directed over to North Benton towards the meeting by robed klan members. May 20, 1923 - Distribution of 'The Fiery Cross'

Late Monday evening (May 20) hundreds of copies of "The Fiery Cross," the official knights of the klan newspaper, were distributed in various sections of Salem. Residents found copies on their doorsteps Tuesday morning.

Turn to KKK on page 4

Racism's ugly head By Lois Firestone

If there was any hint of racism in the small town of Salem in the 1940s, I wasn't aware of it. Certainly there was none in our school life. I first saw how intimidating and unsettling life could be for blacks, thoU:gn, when I went away to school in 1950, to Ohio University. Athens was a sleepy town then, resting in a valley in the southern Ohio hills.

I'd been at the university only a few weeks when my Mom and Dad, knowmg how home­sick I was feeling, made the 5~ hour trip on a Saturday morning to visit me. I took them to one of the few restaurants then in the town, an old-fashioned eatery along the main street but away from the campus.

Although few people were seated in the dining room, a "reserved" card was displayed in the center of every table. But when the hostess saw us, she quickly removed one of the signs and ·guided us to the table. ''Why the reserved sign?" I asked, and she shrugged and answered that they were there to keep "the coloreds" out. Furious, we left, and I never did go back there.

Dale Shaffer's story of the KKK revived that memory. And this one: Not too many months after that incident had passed when I was sitting in a journalism class taught by the School of Journalism's founder, George Starr Lasher. The U.S. Supreme Court had a few days before ruled that segregation was unlawful, and demanded that school children be integrated. This was an historic moment in the country's history, he reminded us, and one we mustn't forget. Years would pass before segregation was wiped out, he said, but the opinions of those judges was the beginning of the end of the final remnants of slavery.

Yesteryears A weekly historical journal

Published by the Salem News Founded June 8, 1991 161 N. Lincoln Ave. Salem, Ohio 44460

Phone (216) 332-4601

Thomas E. Spargur publisher/ general manager

Harry L. Stewart managing editor

Lois A. Firestone editor

Marcia M. Hazel advertising executive

Published weekly, single copy 50 cents, home deliv­ered - per year. All carriers, dealers and distributors are indepentent contractors free from control, hence, the News is not responsible for advance payments or representatives. Second class postage paid at Salem, Ohio. For change of address: Postmaster, send form 3579 to the Salem News. The Saiem News reserves the right to adjust subscription rates during your subscription period upon giving you thirty day notice.

Yesteryears · Saturday, June 22, 1991

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Two more Burchfield mysteries to solve Let us know if you can identif!t the sites of these two Charles Burchfield paintings. "Snow Patterns" (top), depi.ding an industrial

scene, was done somewhere in th1s area in 1920. ""Evening" was painted on May 22, 1919 at another unkown loi:al site. Burchfield (1893-1967), one of Amerii:a's best known watercolorists, lived in Salem from 1898 to 1921. The Columbus Art Museum plans a retrospective exhibit of his works in 1993. ·

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aine is first Theresa Kaine, Salem High's brilliant distance

runner, became the first SHS athlete in 58 years to win a state meet championship when she captured the 3200-meter :run earlier this month.

In addition, Theresa ran second in the 1600-meter run. She docked a school record 11:19.29 in the 3200 and ran 5:09.73 in the 1600. In 1990 she had placed third in both state meet events. The only other SHS girl to ever score a point in the state carnival was Janet Bettis who was sixth in the 800 in 1979.

Theresa scored 18 points to place Salem fifth in the Girls Division II meet. She is a power runner who prefers to run her rivals into the ground rather than beat them with a big "kick" at the end of the race. She ran second for a mile in the 3200 and then stepped up the pace to win by a comfort­able 4.4 seconds.

She won the 3200 four years straight in the Col­umbiana County meet and had been supremely confident she would win in the state meet.

Her victory in Columbus capped an outstanding week for the daughter of Dr. Patricia Kaine. On June 1 she was awarded a Salem High School Alumni Association scholarship of $4,000 for main­taining a 3.8 grade average during her high school career. She was awarded a track scholarship by Ohio State University where she will enroll in the fall.

The last SHS athlete to win a state meet title was Wayne "Muscles" Russell, who won the shot put in 1933. There have been 15 state meet events won by Salem athletes, five of whom won more than once. Russell Myers set a state meet record in the discus in 1916 and Lowell "Rib" Allen set meet records in the pole vault in both 1927 and -1928.

Bill Robusch won grueling victories in the high jump and pole vault in 1920. Ed Beck took two firsts and a second in the pole vault in 1930-32. Myers won three times in 1915-16 in the discus and shot put and George Leyda won the 440 and long jump in 1914.

Salem's state champions: 1914 - George Leyda, 440, 54.0 sec. 1914 - George Leyda, long jump, 20 ft. Yi in. 1915 - Russell Myers, discus, 100 ft. 5 in. 1916 - Russe11 Myers, shot put, 42 ft. 10Yi in., a

state meet record. · 1920 - Bill Robusch, high jump, 5 ft. 9 in. 1920 - Bill Robusch, pole vauft, 11 ft. 1927 - Lowell Allen, pole vault, 12 ft., a state

meet record. 1928 - Lowell Allen, pole vault, 12 ft. 10Yi in., a

state meet record. 1930 - Ed Beck, pole vau~t, 11 ft. 8 in. 1931 --.,- Harold Walker, mile, 4:36.4. 1931 - Bill Smith, discus, 121 ft. 1-2/5 in. 1932 - Ed Beck, pole vault, 11 ft. 8 in. 1933 - Wayne Russell, shot put, 46 ft. 6Yi in. 1991 - Theresa Kaine, 3200, 11:19.29, school

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People in the area called them the Pole Vault Twins, Salem High School athletes Lowell "Rib" Allefi(left) and Keith "Mutt" Roessler (risht) in the late 1920s when the two athletes captured trophies in track meets everywhere. Allen, who lives in Boardman, set a state meet record in pole vault in 1928 with a 12 ft. 10 in. jump, upsetting the state record he made the year before with a 12 ft. vault. Roessler, who resides along 550 Fair Ave., came in second in the state in the pole vault in 1928.

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This caricature of William I oseph Simmons shows the Klan leader in his ceremonial robes. Simmons led the first revival of the KKK in 1915 and was responsible for its phenomenal growth in the 1920s. He 6acked white supremacy and pledged crusades against Jews, Catholics and immigrants.

Late Saturday night (May 18) residents in the ~icinity of Black~urn Ip.11 reported seeing a huge fiery cross burmng. It stood about 10 feet high. This marked the first outdoor activity of Salem klansmen in this area.

June 2, 1923 - Cross burning in Salem

Saturday nights were a popular time for burning crosses in Safem. The explosion of a number of bombs heralded the burning last Saturday night (June 2) of another huge cross by Salem knights of the Ku Klux Klan. This was the third cross to have been burned in klan ceremonials here on succes­sive Saturday nights.

Residents in the vicinity of Fifth Street, east of Garfield A venue (North Lincoln) were startled by the explosion of a number of bombs shortly after 9 p.m. A 30-foot cross then burst into flames. This lit up the sky for a considerable distance.

It attracted scores of people. A cordon of 25 klansmen stood guard until the flames had died away. The burning lasted about 45 minutes and there was no interference.

At this time in history, the Salem klan had a growing membership of about 750 men. In some cities it was customary to bum a cross each time 50 new members were received.

June 5, 1923 - Large meeting in Salem

More than 500 people attended an open meeting Tuesday night (June 5) of the Salem Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. A national lecturer addressed the -crowd on "A True Americanism." He defended the klan's principles in a stirring speech in which he appeafed to his audience to be 100 percent American.

This was one of the largest meetings held by klansmen since they organized in Salem. The meet-

Hooded kl.an raiders attack a black family in a surprise raid on their cabin home in the dark of night in this lithograph depicting the Reconstruction era after the Civil War.

Political satirist Thomas Nash penned this cartoon showing northern outrage over the increasing Ku Klux Klan attacks in this 1874 drawing in Har­per's Weekly.

ing was held on the third floor of a Main Street building. Many people had to be turned away because of crowded conditions.

At the close of the meeting, 250 new members were added to the rolls. This brought total mem­bership in Salem to about 1,000. June 9, 1923 - Inter county meeting at East

Palestine Shortly before 7 p.m. Saturday, June 9, 1923, a

delegation of nearly 50 automobiles containing klansmen from Alliance and Canton passed through Salem enroute to East Palestine. An inter county KKK meeting was to be held there. The leading car carried five robed klansmen, all unmasked. An electric fiery cross was carried on the front of the car, flanked by American flags on each side.

With hundreds of people grouped around the gates and fences of the fair grounds at East Pales­tine, and others lining the streets of the city, sever­al thousand knights gathered Saturday night (June 9) for the first inter county "naturalization" held in Columbiana County. Nearly 2,500 men were ini­tiated into the klan by a dozen state officers of the organization.

A large majority of the klansmen attending were robed, but unmasked. Their white robes made a glaring spectacle in the flares of crosses and red fire. Representatives of the press were invited to attend the ceremonies, escorted about the grounds by armed guards. They were permitted to witness the initiation from a distance.

From 5:30 to 10 p.m. there was a steady stream of automobiles coming into the city. Initiation cere­monies began at 11 p.m. and lasted for more than an hour. Two bands furnished music and local klansmen served a hot lunch.

Delegations came from 16 cities and towns throughout Ohio, including East Palestine, Salem, Youngstown, Warren, Canton, Alliance, Sebring, Cleveland, Columbus, Lisbon, East Liverpool, Lee­tonia, Wellsville, Chester, Newell and Salineville. There were also klansmen from Pittsburgh and New Castle, Pa.

Light for the affair was furnished by huge cros­ses, the largest of which was about 50 feet high. It was in front of this one that the initiation (naturali­zation) ceremonies were held.

Co. Gibson of Columbus was the principal speaker. He urged the newly elected klansmen to live up to the klan's principles."The first klans­man/' he said, "was He who gave his life on the cross for mankind. It is His life that we are trying to pattern after, and it is His principles that we stand for."

He went on to tell his audience that the klan stood for law and order and denounced those who

Tum to next page ~

persist in violating the law. Other speakers were klansmen who told about the work of the klan in their districts.

The largest delegation, which had about 4,000 men, was from East Liverpool. Salem sent about 1,000 men.

One of the most impressive sights of the evening was the parade of candidates. Headed by the bands playing "Onward Christian Soldiers," the men marched to the scene of the ceremony while members applauded wildly.

Streets of East Palestine presented a circus day appearance. Policemen, aided by klansmen, directed traffic. No accidents were reported.

At the fair grounds American flags were in abundance. Armed guards were posted around the entire field, with sentries on guard at frequent intervals between the fair grounds and the city. Only members of the klan were permitted to enter the grounds.

This inter county meeting marked the beginning of another drive for members in adjoining counties. Officials predicted that within a short period of time, the organization would number 25,000 mem­bers in Columbiana County.

Two years later, we find the klan still operating with a sizable membership.

June 7, 1925 - Religious service

Under the auspices of the klan, a religious ser­. vice was held on Sunday at 2:30 p.m. at Eagleton'·s Glens. Rev. George of Sandusky preached the sermon.

June 8, 1925 - Named school superintendent

On the evening of June 8 George McCord, an avowed klansman, was elected superintendent of schools in Akron. He was chosen, after a bitter fight, by other klan members on the board. Mr.

McCord had previously been dismissed as superin­Aug. 25, 1925 - Klan declares new purposes

The klan held a national "konklave" on Aug. 25-30 at Buckeye Lake. The organization dedicated itself to new purposes; namely, "the saving of America from the threat of a pagan civilization, and the restoration of the Protestant church to

·Christ." According to Clyde W. Osborn, grand dragon of

the realm of Ohio, "the Klan has abandoned the first phase of its activities - attacks upon un­American influences - which caused it to be con­demned as anti-Catholic and anti-Jew. The pur­poses of these attacks has been accomplished, for the public conscience in every state has been aroused. The Klan now turns to a more serious purpose - the purging of the Protestant church of its false leadership that is rapidly leading the nation to agnosticism."

Klan activity in the area was at its highest during the several ~ears of t~e early 1920s. ~rom then ~n, interest declined. National membership reached its peak in th~ mid-.1920s with about 4.5 .million. T~en, internal d1ssens1on and the revelations of wide­spread corruption began weakening the klan's power. -

The fatal blow came in 1925 when the grand dra­gon of Indiana was convicted of second degree murder. He .took his revenge by giving details of corrupt state politics. Disilfusioned members fled the klan in droves and by 1930 membership had shrunk to fewer than 10,000 .. Those of us growing up in Salem in the 1930s saw no evidence that the organization had even existed. .

But in the 1990s - 70 years later - the klan is still in the news. In December 1990 the U.S . Knights of the Ku Klux Klan received permissi<?n in Cincinnati to sPt un a 10-foot cross on Fountam Square for one hour -on a Saturday morning. The cross was not to be set afire. Application for the permit was made one day after a federal judge said the city had to allow the Jewish candefabrum alongside a holiday display that included Christ­mas trees.

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tendent at Springfield, Ohio after seven stormy years in office.

The vote for McCord was four to three.· The three who vote.cl against his election immediately resigned. They hacf fought hard to keep the klan out of the school system. Joseph B. Hanan, a board member and exalted cyclops of Summit County klansmen, made an address stating that the grand dragon of Ohio had nothing to do with the deci­sion of the Akron school board. Aug, 14, 1925 - Klan's plan for Protestant home

On. Aug. 14, 1925 the Columbiana County Ku Klux Klan made plans to purchase a large farm near Lisbon and establish a Columbiana County Protestant Home. The grounds were to be trans­formed into a picnic area, and open to all Protes­tant churches and Protestant organiztaions in the county.

A county meeting of the klan was scheduled for the evening of Aug. 18 in Sullivan's Field, just west of the county fairgrounds. There would also be a big parade of the nooded order through the streets of Lisbon.

(Editor's note: The Front Page from the Past on page 8 is a Salem News from September 17, 1923. It features two stories about the Klan. The newspaper was donated by Salem resident Brett Spooner. The black streak is a result of the deterioration of the page.)

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elen Carey made an idea become a reality By Dale E. Shaffer

FEW PEOPLE. IN SALEM have not been affected by what Helen Smith Carey did 96 years ago in

establishing the Salem Public Library. A native of Philadelphia, she came to Salem after

her marriage to Ashbel Carey: Thr'?ughout h~r entire life in Salem she was actively mterested m the town's welfare and progress.

In 1895 a group of 40 men and women were meeting regularly, calling themselves "The Mon­day Night Club." They met for reasons of self­improvement. Reference books were needed, so they began developing a basic collection for their

. library. In March, Mrs. Carey called a meeting at her

home to consider the subject of starting a /ubHc library that would serve everyone. She ha little encouragement and faced mai:iy objections to J;he idea. There had been two previous efforts to mam­tain a public libra9' and both ~ad f~iled. More~JVer, times were hard m 1895, makmg it a rather mop-portune time to initiate such an underta~ing. .

But this idea of providing Salem residents with educational opportunity was very dear to the hearts of both Mrs. Carey and her husband. With his wholehearted support for the/roj~ct, de~p~te the indifference of many peopl~ an t~eir pes~1rms­tic outlook, she pursued the idea with persistent enthusiasm.

In April 1896 the Salem Library Association, a stock company offering shares for $25 each, was incorporated. Witnesses who signed were Helen S. Carey, Alice MacMillan, Millie V. Bonsall, W. C. Boyle, Josephine Tabor, Warren W. Hole and Her­bert H. Sharp. Ashbel Carey was elected president and J. B. Strawn was appointed secretary. All of these names are well known Jo local historians.

The charter specified that the fund established through the sale of stock could be used only for the purchase of books. An expenditure of $1,200 pro­vided for about 1,200 books to star~ the colle.ction.

Stockholders held their first meeting at the YMCA (Pioneer Block on the northeast corner of Garfield Avenue and Main Street). Elected to the board were W. F. Deming, G. C. S. Southworth, F. J. Mullins, Elizabeth Brooks, Alice MacMillan, Jose­phine Tabor and Helen Carey. Mrs. Carey was appointed librarian (unpaid), and a number .of other public-spirited women volunteered to assist her.

The library opened on March 18, 1896 in a room at the rear of the second floor of the Gurney Block (old Strauss location) on Broadway A venue. Rent was $5 a month which was paid for by subscrip-

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tions from non-stockholders and donations. A contract with the Board of Education, calling

for a fee of $100 per year, provided high school students with free use of the library. Stockholders also had free access while others paid an annual fee of $2. Hours were 3 to 5 p.m. on- Wednesdays and 3 to 8 p.m. on Saturdays.

In 1898 the Ohio legislature passed a law author­izing local boards of education to levy a tax of three-tenths to five-tenths mills for support of existing free public libraries. The library trustees immediately declared the Salem library free. A levy of five-tenths mills was then established. This produced about $1,000 in 1899.

Having outgrown its original quarters by 1898, the library moved into a larger room in the Gurney building. In 1900 another move was made, this time into two rooms i.n the Pioneer Block.

By 1903, more space was needed. There was. no possibility that the city could afford a new bmld­ing, so Mrs. Carey wrote to Andrew Carnegie, tell­ing him of Salem's need for a library facility. The response was immediate. It provided a generous offer of $17,500 Oater increased to $20,000) for a new building. Carnegie's only request was that the library should be a tax-supported institution, with an annual amount expended upon it equal to at least one-tenth of the initial cost of the building.

Land on East State Street was purchased June 19, 1903, the date of the deed. On Aug. 31, 1905 the Salem Public Library dedicated its new home. Col­onial in design, the structure cost $20,000. In tri­bute to the donor, the name Carnegie appears in front.

When the new facility opened, it had a book col-

Turn to next page ~

~ ''rll - 7 <!--;: •

J-E-L-L-0 has sha y past, but gels today By Linda Rosenkrantz _Copley News Service

When, on April Fool's Day, a group of historians and social scientists gathered at the Smithsonian Institution of American History to hold a semi­facetious conference on Jell-0 History (including a Jell-Off cooking contest and seminars on such sub­jects as "JeU-0 as Technological System," "Jell-0 Wrestling" and "Jell-0 and Jack Benny") they were, nonetheless, acknowledging the fact that this packaged powder has become a cultural icon, sometfong collectors of advertiques have known for a long time.

Although gelatin dates back at least to 1682, when a Frenchman named Denis Papin recorded his research on the subject (he succeeded in remov-

lection of 6,061 volumes. During the first eight months of 1905, a total of 15,836 volumes circulated.

Mrs. Carey resigned in April 1920 and was suc­ceeded by Miss Anna Cook, her associate. She was then made president of the Board of Trustees and held that position until her death on Nov. 17, 1926.

A bronze plaque in memory of Mrs. Carey was placed in the library vestibule on June 6, 1929. It bears the inscription: "In memory of Helen S. Carey, whose sincere devotion and untiring efforts made possible the Salem Carnegie Library."

Mrs. Carey yrovided for a memorial in her will in the name o her husband. The money from her

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in~ .the glutinous ~aterial from animal bones by bmlmg, thus producmg pure protein), it was, of all people, Peter Cooper, inventor of the locomotive Tom Thumb and patron of the arts, who obtained the .first patent for a gela,tin dessert in 1845. -

Fifty years later, a cough medicine manufacturer ~ame~ Pearl ~ixy Wait happened on Cooper's l~vention and m 1897 began producing an adapta­tion of Cooper's gelatin dessert. It was Wait's wife, May David Waitt who came up with the name Jell­o. W~en the Jell-0 business didn't really gel, Wait

sold it for the grand sum of $450 to his neighbor Francis Woodward's Genesee Pure Food Co. '

Finally, at the turn of the century, through ~oodward's determination and ·advertising tech­ruques, the dessert caught the public's fancy and,

estate was used to build a south wing which was used as a reading and reference room prior to the 1984 remodeling. Beneath it was the assembly room which was rented out for meetings and social gatherings. The Carey addition was completed at a cost of $23,291.12 and opened the public on March 21, 1931.

Through the years the library has had a far­reaching influence on the education and culture of the community. It stands today as a- monument and tribute to the vision, courage and dedication of its first librarian - Helen Carey. Her public store­house of knowledge is available for everyone to enjoy.

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in 1902, sales reached $250,000 jumping to just under $1 million four years later.

It is the advertising and packaging, of course, that interest the collector. Woodward f>egan adver­tising his product in 1901, taking out small ads in

cooking magazines and publishing little recipe pamphlets, which were both handed out in groce­ries and mailed out to prospective buyers.

In 1904, Woodward commissioned artist Franklin King to design a trademark, and it was thus that King's daughter, Elizabeth, dubbed "The Jell-0 Girl," joined the Campbell Kids, Aunt Jemima, Mr. Peanut and all the others in the Advertising Icon Hall of Fame.

Over the years, Jell-0 campaigns have featured the work of such major artists as Norman Rock­well, Maxwell Parrish (a 1924 recipe booklet called "Polly Put the Kettle On and We'll All Have Jell-0," illustrated by Parish is a prize collectible), and Rose O'Neill, creator of the Kewpie doll. O'Neill refined the Jell-0 Girl and workea on the project for nine years (1908-1917), contributing signed ads to such periodicals as Ladies Home Journal and Har­per's Bazaar, as well as designing and illustrating Jell-0 recipe books, all of which are in great demand by collectors today.

Beginning in 1932, General Foods conducted a massive radio campaign for Jell-0, first on a prog­ram called "General Foods Cooking School of the Air," next, three times a week, on the 15-minute ''Wizard of Oz Radio Show," and finally, the one most of us remember best, the Sunday night Jack Benny program, which, starting in 1934, was brought to you by J-E-L-L-0.

Linda Rosenkrantz edited Auction and authored five books, including "Auction Anti­ques Annual." Write Collect, c/o Copley News Service, PO Box 190, San Diego, CA 92112-0190.

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· :Yesteryears -SaturtflU), Ju:ne 22, 1991

This building was known as Lycium Hall during the Civil War. Later Mont Cook bought it, put his name on its top, and used it fer his saloon ana billiard parlor. This photo may have been taken about the time artist Charles Burchfield used it as a topic for his 1918 painting titled "Three Days of Rain", shown on the right.

Burchfield' s Salem scene now keeps company with Picassos By DICK WOOTTEN

"Three Days of Rain," a gloomy painting by Charles Burchfield dating from 1918, depicts a water-soaked day in town. Five ghost-like people stare from their windows while a courageous soul stands at the store entrance as if he's hesitant about opening his umbrella and walking out into the rain. Even the soggy tree, with its small branches dangling down seems defeated by the weather. Across tlie street is the rear of an empty­looking building and beyond that is some vague desolate landscape.

Burchfield tried to create a mood in his paint­ings and this one certainly has that. The fact that he would soon be going into the army to train to be a World War I doughboy may have depressed him. Where was it painted?

I was familiar with the painting and had lived in Salem for three years before I made the connec­tion - or rather, the connection was made for me. A young man knocked on my door one Saturday and said he had just taken a bus to Salem from Alabama. An artist himself, he said he came here to see where Burchfield painted. I

asked if he had seen the Burchfield painting at the Atlanta Art Museum and he whipped out his notebook and showed me a drawing he had made of it.

Then he said, "I notice coming into Salem on the bus the building in "Three Days of Rain."

It was the Endres Gross building on the south­east corner of East State and Penn Ave. But it wasn't exactly that building in the picture. There was a column in the comer of the building with openings on two sides. An elderly man in Salem swore to me that the building never had such an, opening.

Brett Spooner of Salem provided proof. He has a old photo, showing a MOO.el T, and the building with the column and openings. The store at the corner was the Salem Lighting Company. Electric lights with glass globes are displayed in the front window. The triangular peak above the bay win­dows on the right are snown plus the balconies, which are now missing from the building.

To improve on the painting's composition, Bur­chfield did a bit of architectural rearranging. He pushed the balconies further to the right so they

are over the store; He ignored the fancy filigree decorating the surface of the building and opted for square posts jutting up from the balconies instead of the fancy onion-shaped one resembling the top of bed posts. The rest of the painting was from his imagination. The defeated tree, the emp­ty adjacent building and the wide-open space in the back were added. to intensify tile painting's gloomy mood.

That is the great fun in comparing Burchfield' s paintings of local buildings with the actual build­ings. You see where his realism ends and his imagination begins.

The painting is now in the Phillips Collection in Washington D.C. Duncan Phillips was a wealthy art collector in the early part of the 20th century. He filled his brick mansion with art and sculp­ture by such artists as Renoir, Van Gogh, Cezanne and Picasso and a number of top American artists. Now that mansion is a popular museum, a must-see stop for art lovers.

So, Burchfield' s gloomy painting of a building in downtown Salem is in some pretty good company.

I mar

The G. L. Miller clothing store at the corner of East Walnut Street and the Public Square in Lisbon. The building with its distinctive architecture was built by John Briggs in 1818.

Lisbon had been the Columbiana County seat for entire lower floor, measuring 3,000 square feet, was only 15 years in 1818 when John Briggs put up a filled with gentlemen's "furnishings." These brick building for his mercantile establishment included suits, shirts, ti.es, gloves, and, as the huge across from the Public Square. bowler on the store's facade shows, a variety of

Dubbed the "Round Comer," the unique struc- men's headgear. ture with the unusual curved facade has been a Miller calfed his shop "The Big Oothing House" landmark in the village for decades and, over those and claimed in newspaper advertisements that yea:s, has been occupied by a variety of "The most complete lines in Men's and Boys' wear busmesses. . are always found here in Up-to-date styles. The

One of them was G. L. Miller who operated a · ··people who desire cloths that tit, and perfectly tail­haberdashery on the site in the early 1900s. The ored garments, are delighted with their purchases

at the 'Round Comer,' where the strictly one price is adhered to and all goods warranted as represented." Reader has second thoughts

Mary Lodge of 745 N. Lincoln Ave. in Salem ran across this undated article in her grandmother

scrapbook, clipped from a newspaper, likely in the 1890s:

"A certain man got mad at the editor and stopped his paper. The next week he sold all his com at 4 .cents below the market price; his property was sold ·for taxes because he didn't read the sher­iff's sales; he lost $10 betting on Mollie McCarthy ten days after Ten Broeck had won the race; he was arrested and fined $8 for going hunting on Sunday, simply because he didn't know it was Sunday; and he paid $300 for a lot of forged notes that had been advertised two weeks and the public cautioned not to negotiate them."

"He then paid a big Irishman with a foot like a derrick to. kick him all the way to the newspaper office, where he paid four years' subscription in advance, and made the editor sign an agreement to knock him down and rob him if he ever ordered his paper stopped again."

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Bicycling was part of the social change taking place in 1907 The Quaker influence in the Salem area had pretty much subsided by the late 1890s and early 1900s and a somewhat daring gaiety took its place -ladies belonging to the Cheesecloth Social supper club, for instance, paraded to meetings clad in styl­ish dresses made only from cheesecloth. And more and more people were becomins "sportsly inclined," forming tennis and swimming clubs and enjoying bicycling. Kids liked the speeay transpor­tation because they could quickly pedal to forbidden parts of town with their parents none the wiser,

. but both men and women alike enjoyed the cycle, too. The circa 1907 photograph above was taken as nine contenders were poised for the starting gun in a. bicycle race which started at the intersection of Salem's Broadway and State Street. In the undated photo at right, a local music teacher, Esther Boone enjoys an outing along a country lane with Will P. Carpenter, the treasurer of the W. H. Mullins Co.

- 'Yesteryears Sa.turdmj, June 22, 1991

Photo courtesy of Salem Community Hospital

Doctors caring for the sick people of the area gather in rooms at the new Salem Yengling and T. T. Church; (back row, left) f. M. McGeorge, H. K. Yaggi, City Hospital in late 1913 shortly after the liospital opened to elect Dr. A. W. Alex Cruikshank, E. J. Schwartz, Paul E. Barckoff, Jesse Stur8eon, W. f. B"lack­Schiller president of the Salem City Hospital Association a few months after the bum and W. D. Sigler. Dr. T. f. Lyle is missing from the picture. In the first hospital opened along East State Street. The physicians are (front row, from 24 hours after the hospital opened its doors two operations were scheduled and left) ]. S. Gallagher, S. M. Sallume, Stanton Heck, President Schiller, A. C. 13 patients admitted.

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::Yesteryears Saturaay, June 22, 1991

uthor spins tales of • tnona, By Lois Firestone

H ENRY LANZA, AN IMMIGRANT from Piacenza, Italy, was a true renaissance man

- an artist, woodcarver, carpenter, gardener, and steam engine builder. He plied his trade for a time in the late 1890s as an organ decorator at the Barc­khoff Organ Works in Salem. He lived to be 80 and when he died in 1920 he was decorating a church in Erie, Pa.

Boats and canoes from the Mullins Company in Salem were rented out to boaters at Lake Pfacentia, his resort, which was replete with a dance palace; at North Georgetown. One of these larger water crafts were outfitted with a steam engine Henry

- built to handle large crowds of passengers. Henry and Josephine had a daughter, Rena, who

studied Eclectic snorthand and the newly-invented typewriter at the Salem Business College. After she was graduated she got a job as a stenographer with W.H. Mullins at his Salem manufacturing firm.

"Typing and stenography was new and mysteri­ous to the average citizen of that time and a num­ber of her friends and neighbors introduced her thusly, 'Meet Miss Rena; Rena is a typewriter,' " her son Eugene Fryan recounts in his book, "Clyde! Not on the Head!" which casts a humor­ously nostalgic look back to his growing up. years

· in Winona and Salem. For years, Eugene had kept the letters he and his

mother wrote to each other during the Depression years when Clyde and Rena Fryan lived in New Jersey, thinking to someday write about life during those lean years before World War II when people worked for $15 a week.

Then, five years ago, after his wife Lucille had passed away, he decioed to write a book about his life for his descendents. The result is what people call "a good read" - the well written stories flow. The spry 85-year-old writer kept to a schedule when he was writing; every evening, he sat down at the electric typewriter he set up in a corner of his Mentor home for a few hours, often referring to events and people he'd remembered earlier in the day:. The result is 270 pages of humorous glimpses of the life of a fami!J over decades.

Winona was a Quaker town when the Fryans who were devoted Catholics moved there in 1907, and Eugene remembers how some of the families shunned them, crossing the street to walk on the other side until they were safely past the Fryan house. "I have a lot of dear memories of Winona, although I was about six or so when we moved to Salem," he reminisces. "Sledding down a snowy hill on an old fashioned wooden sled and smash­ing my finger against a tree. Frances and I in a Christmas skit at the Guerney church where I recited 'But just before Christmas, I'm as good as I can be.' Frances sang, 'This letter is for my Papa.' I

The roster of students at St. Paul's School in Salem in 1912. Author Eugene Fryan is seventh from the left in the middle row and his sister Frances is first on left in top row.

was either good at it or lucky because we were still around for a long time afterwards."

"Ma's favorite people in all history were Jesus, Teddy Roosevelt, and Doctor Cope, in that order. Doctor Cope was the small town doctor with horse and buggy, and available at all hours for house calls. He was a Quaker, with a good sense of humor ... Back between 1910 and 1920, the town of Winona had outside toilets, no city water, and no gas for heating or cooking. The stoves were all coal or wood and the lighting was all coal oil lamps. I remember Pa used to light his cigarettes just by holding them over the lamp globes. All the farms, a short distance from town, had the same prob­lems. The only electricity they had was in the tele~ phones, and the telephones had party lines, usually seven or eight. Each party had its own ring, so many longs and so many shorts."

"After awhile, all eight members knew who was being called and they would all listen in. They woufd give themself away every once in a while. For instance, my Aunt EIIa would call someone to

. Tum to next page ~

. TO 'lt'.HOU IT w:Y. CONCERit;

i Th1e Till introduce Jl1ss Rena Le.~a who

has been it~ ttY et;!Pl.oY "for the past year, during·the. last three montha ••

or which ishe has been acti~1g es stenographer. ' I ce.n cheertul.l.J'

r~corcnend her ae e rapid, skillful, 1nduntr1oue. and ca.ret'Ul ateno8_1"~P~er _

and shall alway:! be pleased to hear or her suece&S ..

·~ .. ,_

W. H. Mullins sigrzed this recommendation letter for his stenographer, Rena Lanza in 1896, no doubt written on the new invention, tht:: typewriter.

remember hunting mushroo~ with my father. He r-----......... ....;;;. ________ ___;;~~;.;..;.;.;;....... ........ ______ -:::::===;::--------~,

.-C:LYri:E!· :,, LIMITED SUPPLY You'll treasure this limited edition coffee mug imprinted with the front page from the premier edition of-Yesteryears. Now avaliable to all subscribers at $2.95 each and non-subscribers for $5.95 each. Souvenir mugs may be purchased at the Salem News office or mailed directly to you. *Mail orders please add $2.00 for shipping and handling.

Mail to: Yesteryears P.O. Box268 Salem, Ohio 44460

(NAME.~---------~ ADDRESS ________ _ CITY ____ STATE __ ZIP __ _

":NOTON : THE.HEAD!

CLYDE! NOT ON THE HEAD!

By Gene Fryan Nostalgic, humerous, recollections

of Ute in Salem & Winona from 1906 through the war years.

Available at

l§!!!k=-··'/'_,;:, ._··-~'---"""""Cheshire Booksellers in Salem or by mail send .

s15 plus s1.so postage & handling to: GENE FRYAN

9468 Jackson St. Mentor, Ohio 44060

216·352-3049

~?~~-. .:--~( ~ \ I I ~ii\..._~~ ' \* I -~ .. -v iJ · • ~-~ 1 '2_., 0 Q ---',, -~~ - · <;,r:f. ~ tv, -,~· ~~ ~ · ·· r(~.,., (!:) ~-f. r (Cl(? _,1 est:eryears ;)_ Q -:::! Y. , , _. , -:;; ~"'St . ~ ~1 ... ~~.:. ;. c: ~ ~ 15

Saturday, June 22, 1991 C."' · 21 ~· . ~ · ~Y - i ~ ~ =-- ,

50 years ago rea sports • In

Compiled by Bekkee Panezott Dick Johnson and his father Edward Johnson

carried off first and second prizes respectively at the season's first tournament, a flag event at Valley Golf Club.

Robert Buckholdt and Lloyd Fowler were first­prize winnners in a two ball best ball twosome tourney at the Salem Golf Club. Playing with full handicap, the winners turned in a 71-10, net 61.

A picked Salem softball team will do battle with the General Fireproofing softball team of Youngs­town at Centennial Park. Members of the Salem squad are Bob Jefferiesi Charlie McCloskey, Greenisen, Chuck Sweitzer, Paul Stratton, Dick McArtor, Michael Guappone, John Zines, Dale Ritchie, "Red" Hull, Charles Schaeffer, "Shorty" Borton and William Guappone. George "Sim'' Ear­ly is manager. (General Fireproofing nosed out the Salem All-Stars 2-1.)

Kenny Bruderly led the Salem China to a two-hit shutout victory over the Carroll Club 12-0. Umpire Ray Reasbeck, whipping down to third base to cover a dose play in the game, stepped on a base­ball bat. He is expected to be off crutches in about a week.

Hurling the Steel Workers Organizing Committe (SWOC) Club to a 2-1 victory over Mullins for the latter's first defeat of the season, Orrie "Haas" Wright last night hung up his second no-hit pitch­ing performance of the season and boosted his team into a three-way tie for first-place in the Class A circuit at Centennial Park.

George Mrugal, driving a Model A Ford for the Red Steer Restaurant, won the Salem Jalopy races before nearly 400 people. Mrugal compiled a total of 16 .points. Duke Pilch, driving a Model A for Jackson's Service Station, took second place with 10 points and Roy Lippiatt, driving a Ford V8 for Gray's Body Shop, took third with nine points.

The Salem Blue Sox, defeated Negley, 6-4, in a game at Negley. Herman "Red" Allison hit a dou­ble and a single while pitching a four-hitter for the Salem club.

The team of Joe Kelley, William Windle and Richard and Walter Strain was the winner of the best ball foursome, played under one-half handi­cap at the Salem Golf Club. In second place were Clifford Greenisen, John T. Burns, L.W. Knox and N.I. Walken with a collective score of 73 minus 6, net 67.

"Potter," flying to the loft of Andy Shack of Sebring, was the winner of the 200-mile old bird race flown yesterday from Dayton, with "Alapeec­ka Jr." flying to the loft of C. W. Cozad, placing second, and "Jehu" from the loft of Sam Paxson winning third diploma.

The Salem polo team suffered its first defeat of the se~son when it was handed a 7-3 setback by North Hills at Pittsburgh. Tony Sheen scored two of the Salem ~oals and Pete Votaw one.

(EDITORS NOTE: The Salem News is grateful to Robert Dixon of the Salem Alum­ni Association and Joseph Nonno of Salem for their help in identifying the SWOC Club and to Michael Guappone of Salem for pro­viding ·first names of fellow team members of Salem All-Stars.)

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give them a redpe for something she was cqoking, and suddenly sbe would hear se

1veral voices at

once saying, "Oh, wait, Efla, 'til I get a paper and pencil!' "

Salem in 1913 was a great place for a child, Eugene remembers: "H had a population of about five thousand and was situated far enough from the large cities to make it profitable for big cir­cuses, carnivals, and hawkers with any l<ind of novelties. Patent medicine men with their kerosene lights flaming were to be seen at the corner of Main and Broadway every Saturday night. Their patent medicine cured most ant ailment. I have seen Kickapoo Indian snake oil poured right through a shoe to cure an aching corn. There was usually a man with a musical instrument to draw the crowds and the sales went on. There were indi­vidual side show tents exhibiting freaks. I remem­ber a 'Jack-A-Loop-A,' a petrified eight foot giant. Even at the time it seemea to me that it was made from a big rock, but I did not think they would He about it, so I accepted it as a fact." ·

"World WarI was a big event in my life. I went to St. Paul's Catholic School where the pupils were predominately Irish. Irish Priest, Irish Nuns, and most of the congregation of the church. In school, we had prayers each morning, sang hymns and than Irish songs, usually ending with Mother Macree. For a long time, I thought she was a part of the holy family, an aunt or s6mething ... "

"The first motion picture I ever saw was at the Nickelodeon which was located across from the fire department building (the town hall). I remem­ber there was an Isaly's there years later ... A couple of years later Salem had two theatres. The Family Theatre and the Opera House. We divided our time between the two places. The Family Theatre had movies and Vaudeville, and it was quite a thrill when the picture ended and the stage lit up."

Readers can pick up Eugene's book at the Che­shire Booksellers for $15, or they can write to him at 9468 Jackson St., Mentor, Ohio 44060, enclosing the $15 plus $1.50 for postage and handling. His telephone number is 216-352-3049.

Nemo Self-Reducing No. 333 is a real bargain. It has a low top and medium skirt. Made in dur able pink or white coutil; si:es 24 to 36-and costs only $3.CC.

It your dealer can't gee it, send name. ad dress si::e and $3. "\\.' e.'11 send the corset Nemo Hygienic~.?ashion. lnst:tute -20 E. 16th St., Kew York (Dept. S.l

Author Eugene Fryan is shown with a copy of his book, "Clyde! Not on the Head!"

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---"~·~ ___ s_Z:_~_;~;_;_~:Jl_ne_i_2~-~-~-1 ..... ~ ~-

ey ju s are hi hly collectible items ~

ts By James G. McCollam

Copley News Service Q. Enclosed is a picture of a jug that is marked

"Doulton-Lambeth-Rd. No. 4818." It is decorated with a ship with the head of a

wolf on the sail. Above the ship is the word "Special," below is "Highland Whiskey."

Would this be considered a collector's item? What is its value? When was it made?

A. This is definitely a collector's item. The British Registry number indicates that the design was registered in 1884; it could have been made several years after that date.

It is listed in Warman' s "English & Continental Pottery & Porcelain" at $75.

Q. The enclosed mark is on the bottom of a covered jar. It is 9 inches high and is decorated with seashells and seaweed.

I would appreciate any information you can provide.

Since 1904

It has locomotive No. 318E, baggage car No. 310, Pullman car No. 309, observation car No. 312, over 20 pieces of track and a transformer.

A. This train set was made in the 1930s and would probably sell for $600 to $700 in good condition.

Q. We have a stoneware pitcher commemorat­ing the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary. It is 5 inches high and marked "Royal Doulton."

I assume it's a collectible, so I would like to know its value.

A. Doulton & Co. Ltd. in Burslem, England made this pitcher for the George V coronation in 1911. It would probably sell for $165 to $185.

BOOK REVIEW

A. This mark was used by Griffin, Smith and Hill in Phoenixville, Pa. during the late 1800s. They produced some of the most popular Majolica made in this country.

Based on your description, my estimate of its value would be about $250 to $300.

"Lyle, There's a Fortune in Your Attic" by Anthony Curtis, published by Perigee Books, $12.95 at your local bookstore.

This is a different kind of price guide, it catalogs the kind of items that really make collecting profitable.

Would you believe a Royal Doulton jug at $7,000? - a $10,000 guitar? - an $85,000 settee? All were made in the fast 100 years! Q. Can you terr me the age and value of my

stoneware crock? / All items are illustrated, priced and researched. Send your questions aoout antiques with pic­

ture, a detailed description, a stamped, self­addressed envelope and $1 per item to James. G.

It is straight sided and decorated with blue leaves. It is stamped "Red Wing Union Stone­ware" in an oval and holds 2 gallons. ,

A. Your crock was made in Red Wing, Minn. in the early 1900s. '

It would probably sell for about $75 to $&5. Q. Can you tell me the value of a Lionel "Bay

States" electric train set?

McCollam, PO Box 1087, Notre Dame, IN 46556. AU questions will be answered but published pictures cannot be returned.

McCollam is a member of the Antique Apprais­ers Association of America.

Normally a producer of enameled iron fixtures, E!jer's Salem, Ohio. plant is now devoted to the job of making the munitions of Victory.

The Ford City plant is making vitreous_ china fixtures for cantonments, \v:;;r plants, war housing and other import3nt construction.

When peace comes, both plants will be doing their share to aid the construction industry in its big job of creating employment for our returning heroes

ELJER CO. FORD CITY, PA.

Eljer fixtures on War Duty Eljer fixtures are installed in the following war plants and projects: Technical Radio Schools, Boca Ration, Fla Air Force Command, Homestead, Fla. Kodak Optical Works, Rochester, N.Y. General Motors Building, Indianapolis, Ind. Camp Beauregard, Alexandria, La. Training School & Air Base, Futtport, Miss. Indiantown Gap Hospital. Indiantown Cap, Pa Alliancer Support Glider Base, Alliance, Neb. Lincoln Air Base, Lincoln, Neb. Special Mechanics' School, Chanute Field, Iii. Deer Park State Hospital, Deer Pam, N.Y. Camp Crowder. Mo. Fort George G. Meade, Md. Patterson Field Hospital, Fairfield, Ohio Merchant Marine Training School, Fort Schuyler, New York Cleveland Airport, Cleveland, Ohio Alcoa Plancor Plant, Mead, Wash. Glenn Martin Borrber Plant Housing Project, Md. Camp Atterbury, Columbus, Ind. Sunflower Ordnance Works, DeSoto, Kans. 2nd WAC Training Area Center, Daytonas Beach, Florida

.•• AND MANY MORE

Since 1904

Plumbingware This advertisement appeared in Plumbing & Heating Journal and

Domestic Engineering, September 1943 921 S. Ellsworth Ave., Salem, Ohio