Cross-cultural communication CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION NONVERBAL COMMUNIACTION.
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Cross-cultural communication CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION NONVERBAL COMMUNIACTION
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Transcript of Cross-cultural communication CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION NONVERBAL COMMUNIACTION.
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CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION
NONVERBAL COMMUNIACTION
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on A Communications ModelA Communications Model
Channel
Sender Message Audience
Feedback
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TALKING WITHOUT TALKINGTALKING WITHOUT TALKING
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION - NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION - COMMUNICATING WITHOUT WORDSCOMMUNICATING WITHOUT WORDS
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Body LanguageBody Language
• Although language is the single
most important element in
communication, it is by no
means the only one.
• It has been said that
communication is only 20%
verbal while the rest is
intonation, body language, etc.5
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on How Men React When They See A Pretty GirlHow Men React When They See A Pretty Girl
• The American lifts his eyebrows
• The Italian presses his forefinger into his cheeck and whistles
• The Greek strokes his cheek
• The Brazilian puts an imaginary telescope to his eye
• The Frenchman kisses
his fingertips
• The Arab grasps his beard.
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on Seven Main Elements Of Body LanguageSeven Main Elements Of Body Language
• Facial expressions
• Gaze and eye-contact
• Posture
• Gestures
• Proximity
• Touching
• Appearance
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on KINESICSKINESICS
• Communicating through body movements
• Facial expressions
• Body posture
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Facial ExpressionsFacial Expressions• Facial expressions are the most important
aspect of body language. Your face is highly visible, it is mobile and flexible, and is capable of indicating your innermost feelings to other people.
• E.g. your likes and dislikes, or a subtle ‘happy’ face can display your joy at a rival’s misfortune even if you are expressing your deepest sympathy.
• Emotions are also often displayed in facial expressions even when you would prefer to hide them.
• Your face = a spontaneous communicator of messages!
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on Gaze And Eye-ContactGaze And Eye-Contact
In many Western countries, particularly in the business culture, direct eye contact is
standard procedure. While eye contact can imply sincerity and honesty in other
cultures just as it does in e.g. the US, in many Asian countries, including Japan,
looking straight into someone’s eyes could be considered intimidating or a sign of
aggression.
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PosturePosture
• How you move your body, • how you stand or sit and the position of your limbs, • all reflect your attitudes and feelings about yourself and towards others.
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on GesturesGestures
In certain circumstances you can use gestures to replace the need for words.
Indeed, it might be the only way of communicating is by gestures, especially if
you are trying to communicate with someone who does not speak your own
language or any other language you know.
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It is quite often the subconscious gestures, of which you are unaware, that
reveal a great deal about your innermost thoughts. Reading and
interpreting these unintended gestures can provide a greater
understanding of the communication that is taking place.
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on PROXEMICS PROXEMICS
• The use space to communicate
• The personal bubble of space - nine inches to over
twenty inches
• North Americans prefer more distance than from
Latin and Arab cultures
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on ProximityProximity
Think about how much personal distance you generally prefer
and then think about the different you encounter on a daily basis
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TouchingTouchingThink about how much touching behaviour is appropriate in your culture, under what
circumstances, and with whom.
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on Shaking HandsShaking Hands
• Germany and the United States have firm handshakes, with the German being very brief and the US being about three to four seconds
• France, Guatemala, and Japan have more limp handshakes
• Singapore has a longer handshake (10+ seconds)
• Women should be the first to offer a hand for a handshake in New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea, or Taiwan
• In South Korea, more respect is shown by cupping your left hand under your right forearm, as if supporting your right forearm during the hand shake
• A traditional bow may be used in China, Hong Kong, or Japan
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on Shaking HandsShaking Hands
• Traditional greeting in
– India is namaste - place the hands in a praying position, palms together with the fingers just beneath the chin, bow and say “namaste”
– Thailand: place, the hands, palms together, in front of the chin, bow the head to touch the top of the fingers, and say “wai”
• Women may greet other women by patting the right forearm or shoulder in Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, or Panama
• Countries with Hindu and Muslim religions forbid public contact between men and women. When in these countries, follow your host’s cue to determine if religious tradition will be followed.
• Women should wait for a man to offer his hand first in a Hindu or Muslim country, if a western handshake is going to be used
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AppearanceAppearance• Your self- image is reflected through your
– appearance – Dress: appropriate for the occasion – Grooming: hair, beard, make up, etc.
• Your personal appearance often creates an initial impression that sometimes is very difficult to change.
• Your personal appearance is of importance when you consider body language because it is an aspect over which you have considerable control.
• Although very little can be done about the shape, features and size of your body, much can be done about what you wear, how you wear it and the total picture of how you look.
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Done for The Day
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