Creativity and bipolar illness
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Transcript of Creativity and bipolar illness
duygudurummerkezi
Rasit Tahsin
Stigmatising Mania in Both Ways: Either as Genius or Nuts?
E. Timuçin OralBakırköy State Hospital for Psychiatric & Neurological Diseases
Mood Disorders Outpatient Unit
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Funny Political Pictures:
“not all of them necessarily have psychiatric diagnoses
of course”
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Stigma is still an important problem for people, and not
only mentally handicapped people but everybody may
need help against it in his entire life…
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Public attitudes today – worse than in the 1950s
Phelan et al 1997
Proportion of respondents in a public survey that described a mentally ill person as being violent
“the perception of people with psychosis as being dangerous is stronger today than in the past”
195013%
199631%
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Power and confusion surrounds stigmatising terms in the media
23 September 2003
Early edition Later edition
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Metaphors in mental illness:influence on public attitudes
Finken 1997
In 40-60% of newspapers the term was used metaphorically
In no case of use was the connotation positive
A study of German language newspapers examined use of the term ‘schizophrenia’
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
• Science has not so far found a way to prevent all mental illness or cure it
• Stigma is not only a pernicious consequence of mental illness, it is also a risk factor for disease and a direct cause of disability & handicap
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
• Science has not so far found a way to prevent all mental illness or cure it
• Stigma is not only a pernicious consequence of mental illness, it is also a risk factor for disease and a direct cause of disability & handicap
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
• Science has not so far found a way to prevent all mental illness or cure it
• Stigma is not only a pernicious consequence of mental illness, it is also a risk factor for disease and a direct cause of disability & handicap
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
• Science has not so far found a way to prevent all mental illness or cure it
• Stigma is not only a pernicious consequence of mental illness, it is also a risk factor for disease and a direct cause of disability & handicap
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Discrimination against thosewith a mental disorder increases
in society
Negative stereotypes prevalentamong the public will be triggered
Stresses the negative effectsof mental illness
Patients not held responsible fortheir illness, leading to moreaccepting attitudes in society
Improves patients’ understandingof the problem and improves
access to help
Provides orientation for patientsand families
Does the ‘mental illness’ label have any help?
YES NO
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Trust theperson to
take care ofyour child
Have thepersonmarry
into yourfamily
Rent aroom to the
person
Make friendswith theperson
Start workwith theperson
Steps of social distance
Lauber et al 200406 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Attitude Against Mental Illness in University Students (n= 325)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Against beingfriens
Can not work Should not marry
Substance useAlcohol useSchizophreniaDepressionBipolar
Against being neighbors
Should not be a parent
Alkan et al 2004
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
“With whom you shared your illness and what did they do?”
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10
20
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60
70
80
90
100
1° Relatives 2° Relatives Close friends Friends Close collegues Collegues Neighbors
Who knows illnessStaying away
55 Bipolar Patients%
Alkan-Vahip-Çam 2004
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
If God created human in his own image, does this mean that God has a mental illness? If not so,
who created mentally handicapped people?
Norman Sartorius
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
WritersHans Christian Andersen Honore de Balzac James Barrie Arthur Benson (H) William Faulkner (H) F. Scott Fitzgerald (H) Lewis Grassic Gibbon (SA) Nikolai Gogl Maxim Gorky (SA) Kenneth Graham Graham Greene Ernest Hemingway (H, S) Hermann Hesse (H, SA) Henrik Ibsen William Inge (H, S) Henry James William James Charles Lamb (H) Malcolm Lowry (H, S) John Bunyan Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) Joseph Conrad (SA) Charles Dickens Isak Dinesen (SA) Ralph Waldo Emerson Herman Melville Eugene O'Neill (H, SA) John Ruskin (H)Mary Shelley Jean Stafford (H)Robert Louis Stevenson Leo Tolstoy Ivan Turgenev Tennessee Wiilliams (H) Mary Wollstonecraft (SA) Emile Zola Virginia Woolf (H, S)
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
PoetsAntonin Artaud (H) Konstantin Batyushkov (H, SA) Charles Baudlaire (SA) Thomas Lovell Beddoes (S) John Berryman(H, S) William Blake Aleksandr Blok Barcroft Boake (S) Louis Bogan (H) Rupert Brooke Robert Burns George Gordon (Lord Byron) Thomas Campbell Paul Celan (S) Thomas Chatterton (S) John Clare (H) Harley Coleridge Samuel T ColeridgeWilliam Collins (H) William Cowper (H, SA) Hart Crane (S) George Darley John Davidson (S) Emily DickinsonErnest Dowson T S Eliot (H) Sergey Esenin (S) Robert Fergusson (H) Afanasy Fet (SA) Anne Finch, Countess of Winchilsea Edward FitzGerald John Gould Fletcher (S) Gustaf Froding (SA, H) Oliver Goldsmith Adam Lindsay Gordon (S) Thomas Gray Nikolai Gumilyov (SA) Robert Stephen HawkerFriedrich Holderlin (H) Gerard Manley HopkinsVictor Hugo Randal Jarrell (H, S)
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Poets IISamuel Johnson John Keats Henry Kendall (H) Velimir Khlebnikov (H) Heinrich Von Kleist (S) Walter Savage Landor Nikolaus Lenau (H) J.M.R. Lenz (SA) Mikhail Lermontov Vachel Lindsay (S) James Russell Lowell Robert Lowell (H) Hugh MacDiarmid (H) Louis MacNeice Osip Mandelstam (H, SA) James Clarence Mangan Vladimir Mayakovsky (S) Edna St Vincent Millay (H) Alfred de Musset Gerard de Nerval (H, S) Boris Pasternak (H) Cesare Pavese (S) Edgar Allan Poe (SA) Ezra Pound (H)Alexander Pushkin Laura Riding (SA)Theodore Roethke (H) Delmore Schwartz (H)Anne Sexton (H, S) Percy Bysshe Shelley - (SA)Christopher Smart (H) Torquato Tasso (H)Sara Teasdale (H, S) Alfred, Lord tennysonDylan Thomas Edward ThomasFrancis Thompson George Trakl (H, S)Marina Tsvetayeva (S) Walt WhitmanSylvia Plath (H, S)
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Painters
Ralph Barton (S) Francesco Bassano (S) Ralph Blakelock (H) Francesco Borromini(S) Richard Dadd (H) Edward Dayes (S) Paul Gauguin (SA) Theodore Gericault Vincent van Gogh (H,S) Arshile Gorky (S)Philip Guston (H) Benjamin Haydon (S) Carl Hill (H) Ernst Josephson (H)George Innes (SA) Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (H, S) Edwin Landseer (H) Wilhelm Lehmbruck (S) John Martin Charles Meryon (H) Michaelangelo Buonarroti Adolphe Monticelli Edvard Munch (H) Jules Pascin (S) Georgia O’Keefe (H) Raphaelle Peal (H) Jackson Pollock (H) George Romney Dante Gabriel Rossetti (SA) Mark Rothko (S) Nicolas de Stael (S) Pietro Testa (S) Henry Tilson (S) George Frederic Watts Sir David Wilkie Anders Zorn
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Musicians
Anton Arensky Hector Berlioz (SA) Anton Bruckner (H) Jeremiah Clarke (S) John Dowland Edward Elgar Carlo Gesualdo Mikhail Glinka George Frederic Handel Gustav Holst Charles Ives Otto Klemperer (H) Orlando de Lassus Gustav Mahler Modest Mussorgsky Sergey Rachmaninoff Giocchino Rossini Alexander ScriagbinPeter Tchaikovsky Peter Warlock (S)Hugo Wolf (H, SA) Bernd Alois Zimmerman (S)
Robert Schumann (H, SA)
Irving Berlin (H) Noel Coward Stephen Foster Charles Mingus (H) Charles Parker (H, SA) Cole Porter (H) Bud Powell (H) Kurt Cobain (S 1994)
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Living BP
Buzz Aldrin Francis Ford Coppola Patty Duke Larry Flynt Linda Hamilton Peter Gabriel Peter Nolan LawrenceKate Millett Ilie Nastase Charley Pride Axl RoseTed Turner Jean-Claude Van DammeGordon Sumner
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Are all creative artists Bipolar?
ALMOST
but it is not necessary to named as Bipolar
to be certified as creative
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
You have some schizophrenia and some psychological
depressions and much more sir
Prof Shrink
Yihhouuou I became an artist. I’ll paint, carve,
write poems, novels now
Prof Shrink
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
If somebody has any idea about depression or bipolar illness, you can
easily understand it from his/her work
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Lady Lazarus I have done it again.
One year in every ten I manage it-----
The nose, the eye pits, the full set of teeth? The sour breath Will vanish in a day.
Soon, soon the fleshThe grave cave ate will beAt home on me
And I a smiling woman.I am only thirty.And like the cat I have nine times to die.
This is Number Three.………………………………………………………
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
………………………………………………………
The first time it happened I was ten.It was an accident.
The second time I meantTo last it out and not come back at all.I rocked shut
As a seashell.They had to call and callAnd pick the worms off me like sticky pearls.
DyingIs an art, like everything else.I do it exceptionally well.
I do it so it feels like hell.
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Is it necessary to be in the manic or depressive episode to create in BPD; if so which episode is it?
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
54 artists and 33 healthy volunteers
Mood Disorders in artists and in their relatives is significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.001)
A significant positive correlation was found between artistic creativity and mood episodes (p < 0.001)
The Relationship Between Mood and Artistic Creativity (Mumcu et al 1998)
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Diagnosis Control Artist
No Rx 25 % 75.8 5 % 9.3
Adjustment Disorder with Anxiety 1 % 3.0
BP I 12 % 22.2
BP II 21 % 38.9
Adjustment Disorder with Depression 2 % 6.1
Dysthymia 1 % 1.9
Alcohol-Substance Abuse 1 % 1.9
Schizo-affective 3 % 5.6
Cyclothymia 2 % 3.7
Somatoform Disorder 1 % 3.0 1 % 1.9
UP-D 3 % 9.1 8 % 14.8
GAD 1 % 3
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
No correlation% 2
% 15
% 23% 45
increase in depression/mania% 15
% 15
% 30% 44
% 11
Mumcu et al, 1998
increase in euthymia
increase in depressionincrease in mania /hypomania
decrease in mania /hypomania No correlation
decrease in depression decrease in euthymia
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Fill my eyesO Lithium sunsetAnd take this lonesome burdenOf worry from my mind
Take this heartacheOf obsidian darknessAnd fold my darknessInto your yellow lightI've been scattered I've been shatteredI've been knocked out of the raceBut I'll get betterI feel your light upon my face
Heal my soulO Lithium sunsetAnd I'll ride the turning worldInto another night
See mercury falling...
06 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi