Creating a Vibrant Future for Michigan\'s Cities: Why Urban Revitalization Matters
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Transcript of Creating a Vibrant Future for Michigan\'s Cities: Why Urban Revitalization Matters
Margaret Dewar Urban and Regional Planning Program
University of Michigan
February 12, 2010
Remaking the City after Abandonment
Three questions:
1. What do abandoned sections of cities become?
2. Why are these the outcomes? What makes a difference in these outcomes?
3. What should the city become?
Residential Properties in DetroitNumber (000) Percent
Vacant structures 30.8 9Vacant lots 91.5 27Total 343.9 100
What do abandoned sections of cities become?
Source: Detroit Residential Parcel Survey, D3, Sept. 2009
What do abandoned sections of cities become?
Created by M. Khanna & S. Bailey; data from Detroit Planning & Development Department, 2006.
What do abandoned sections of cities become?
Figure-ground showing structures in Brightmoor, DetroitSource: Doherty et al., A Land Use Plan for Brightmoor (Urban & Regional Planning, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 2008)
What do abandoned sections of cities become?
“Homesteads” in Brightmoor, DetroitSource: Doherty et al., A Land Use Plan for Brightmoor (Urban & Regional Planning, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 2008)
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
Public ownership ?
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
Detroit Auctioned Flint Auctioned
49.6%47.5%
0.5%
1.4%
1.1%
33.6%
58.8%
3.4%
4.0%
0.2%
Vacant LandIncorporated with adjacent homeowner’s propertyPart of new developmentIncorporated with adjacent non-residential propertyStructures predating foreclosure
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
37.0% of Auctioned Properties78.0% of Vacant Land
Detroit Flint
46.2% of Auctioned Properties78.6% of Vacant Land
Vacant with no use
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
Vacant LandIncorporated with adjacent homeowner’s propertyPart of new developmentIncorporated with adjacent non-residential propertyStructures predating foreclosure
Detroit Auctioned Detroit Sold From Inventory
49.6%47.5%
1.4%
1.1% 0.5%
35.2%
26.1%
27.1%
10.1%1.5%
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
33.6%
58.8%
3.4%4.0%
0.2%
Vacant LandIncorporated with adjacent homeowner’s propertyPart of new developmentIncorporated with adjacent non-residential propertyStructures predating foreclosure
15.5%
29.3%46.6%
8.6%
Flint Auctioned Genesee Land Bank
Detroit Cleveland
33.2%
32.7%
9.6%
24.6%0.5%
52.0%
23.5%
24.0%
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
2.0% of properties sold
New development – housing
Detroit
45.0% of properties sold
Cleveland
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
Community-based developers’ reuse of city-owned land purchased for development
Detroit Cleveland(1983-May 2006) (1988-May 2005)
Number of city-owned properties purchased for development 2756 3393 Per 10,000 parcels of city property 71.2 208.2 Per 10,000 city residents 29.0 70.9% of these properties remaining unused 29.2 27.3 % of properties purchased before 2004 remaining unused 22.5 4.6
Sources: Calculations derived from data in Detroit City Property Inventory System and Cleveland City Register, State of Michigan Revitalife records, U.S. Bureau of the Census 2000, GIS maps from Detroit Planning & Development Department and Cleveland Planning Commission, aerial photos of both cities.
The Record
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
Why have Cleveland community-based developers been so much more successful than those in Detroit in reusing property?
The community development system:Political support
– The relationship with city council– The mayor’s agenda– City departments
IntermediariesWorking relationships
The Explanation
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
What makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment?
Cleveland’s local intermediaries
• Michigan State University Land Policy Institute
• Ginsberg Center, University of Michigan
• Associate Provost, University of Michigan
• Center for Local, State and Urban Policy, University of Michigan
• Detroit Local Initiatives Support Corporation
• Lincoln Institute of Land Policy
Thank you to many people in Flint, Cleveland, and Detroit who helped us with data and taught us about the cities.
Thank you for financial support to:
Thank you to 18 research assistants.
Questions?