cover Energy Summit - India Energy · PDF fileMr. G.R. Srinivasan, Advisor, Nuclear Power...

Dr. Anil KakodkarChairman, Nuclear Group, IEF

Mr. K L ChughChairman, Renewables

& Environment Group, IEF

Mr. S C TripathiFormer Secretary, P&NG

Mr. Anil RazdanFormer Secretary, Power

Mr. V SubramanianSG & CEO, INWEA &

Former Secretary, MNRE

Mr. P S BamiPresident, IEF

Mr. H L BajajFormer Member,

Appellate Tribunal for Electricity

Dr. (Mrs.) Jyoti ParikhED, IRADE

Mr. V RaghuramanEx-Principal Adviser,

CII

Amarjit Singh Secretary General, IEF

Mr. V P Singh Convener, Nuclear Group, IEF

Dr.(Mrs.) Malti Goel Convener, Renewables & Environment Group, IEF

Amarjit Singh, MBE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We are grateful to Shri. V. Narayanasamy, Hon'ble Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs, Prime Minister's Office, Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, Dr. Srikumar Banerjee, Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission, Mr. Gireesh B Pradhan, Secretary, MNRE, Distinguished Speakers, Delegates and Sponsors for their participation and support which made the conference highly successful and constructive.

Our special thanks to the members of the Organising Committee for their guidance and leadership.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgements ………………………………………………………………….......................................................... i

Programme …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..................... 01

Conclusions ………………………………………………………………………………........................................................ 03

Summary Note – Nuclear Energy Conclave …………………………………………………………................................ 04

Summary Note- Renewable Energy Conclave………………………………………………………............................... 08

Key Addresses

qWelcome Remarks- Mr. Anil Razdan, Former Secretary, Power & Chairman, Power Group, IEF………………………………………………………………………………….................................. 09

qTheme Address- Dr. Anil Kakodkar, Former, Chairman, AEC & Chairman, Nuclear Group, IEF…………………………………………………….............................................................. 10

qSpecial Address- Mr. Gireesh B Pradhan, Secretary, MNRE………………………………........................ 13qAddress by- Mr. G R Srinivasan, Advisor, Nuclear Power Business, GMR Energy Ltd…………......... 16qAddress by- Mr. P.S. Bami, President, IEF.................................................................................... 18qSpecial Luncheon Address- Dr. Srikumar Banerjee, Chairman, AEC……………………...................... 20qValedictory Address by Hon’ble Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office

Mr. V. Narayanasamy …………………………..…………………………........................................................30Address by-Dr. Malti Goel, Convener, Renewable Energy & Environment Group........................ 31

Key Presentations

rMr. S. A. Bhardwaj, Director (Tech), NPCIL…………………………………………………............................. 33rMr. Steve Kidd, Deputy Director General, WNA……………………………………………........................... 40rMr. R.C. Dhup, ED (IT & Nuclear),NTPC…………………………………………………................................... 46rProf. R. Rajaraman, Emeritus Professor of Physics, School of Physical Sciences,

Jawaharlal Nehru University…………………………........................................................................... 50rMr. Ken Jackson, Managing Director, Nuvia India Pvt. Ltd………………………..................................56rMr. N. P. Singh, Scientist-G/Advisor, MNRE……………………………………...........................................62

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PROGRAMME

Theme: Strategies for Quantum Increase in Non-Fossil Power Issues & Challenges

Inaugural Session Introductory RemarksMr. Amarjit Singh, Secretary General, IEFWelcome AddressMr. Anil Razdan, Chairman, Power Group, IEF & Former Secretary (Power)Theme AddressDr. Anil Kakodkar, Chairman, Organising CommitteeSpecial AddressMr. Gireesh B. Pradhan, Secretary, MNREAddressMr. G.R. Srinivasan, Advisor, Nuclear Power Business, GMR Energy Ltd.Vote of ThanksMr. P.S. Bami, President, IEF

01

NUCLEAR ENERGY CONCLAVE

Plenary I : Issues and Challenges for Capacity Addition in Nuclear EnergyIssues: Land Acquisition, Industry Readiness, Size of plant at one location, Technology Issues and choice of Reactors, Project Management, Value addition in India, Project site and Environmental Clearance, Manufacturing Capacities.

Chairman - Mr. S. A. Bhardwaj, Director (Tech), NPCILDistinguished Speakers - Mr. Steve Kidd, Deputy Director General, WNA

Mr. R.C. Dhup, ED (IT & Nuclear), NTPCMr. G.R. Srinivasan, Advisor, Nuclear Power Business, GMR Group

Rapporteur Mr. V P Singh, Convener, Nuclear Group

Plenary II : Future of Nuclear Power Plants Issues: Lessons from Fukushima, Safety, Regulations, Legal framework – Liability, Human Resources

Chairman - Mr. S.S. Bajaj, Chairman, Atomic Energy Regulatory BoardDistinguished Speakers - Mr. Patrick Teyssier, Director - Marketing and Strategy, Areva

Prof. R. Rajaraman, Emeritus Professor of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityMr. Ken Jackson, Managing Director, Nuvia India Pvt. Ltd.

Rapporteur Mr. Krishan Kumar, Group Director, Cethar Ltd.

Luncheon Address by Dr. S. Banerjee, Chairman, AEC

11th Sustainable Energy Summit Programme

RENEWABLE ENERGY CONCLAVE – CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL

Welcome Address byMr. K L Chugh, Chairman, Renewable Group, IEF

Keynote Address byDr. D. Majumdar, CMD, IREDA

Remarks & Vote of ThanksDr. (Mrs.) Malti Goel, Convener, Renewable Group, IEF

Plenary I: SOLAR ENERGY

Mission, Target and Achievements

Chairperson - Dr. (Mrs.) Jyoti Parikh, ED, IRADEDistinguished Speakers - Mr. Amit Kumar, Head (North & Central), Tata BP Solar India Ltd. Rapporteur Dr. (Mrs.) Malti Goel, Convener, Renewable Group

Plenary II: OTHER RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES ESPECIALLY WIND & BIOMASS

Chairman - Mr. V. Subramanian, Former Secretary, MNRE & SG, InWEADistinguished Speakers - Mr. N. P. Singh, Scientist-G/Advisor, MNRE

Mr. Mahesh Vipradas, Head- Regulatory Affairs, Suzlon Energy Ltd.Rapporteur Ms. Lydia Powell, ORF VALEDICTORY SESSION

Welcome Remarks Dr. Anil Kakodkar, Chairman, Organising Committee, Nuclear Group, IEF

Address by Shri V. Narayanasamy, Hon’ble Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office

Vote of ThanksMr. P S Bami, President, IEF

02

NUCLEAR POWER: SOME CONCLUSIONS

qNPP’s meet the world requirement of huge quantity of clean and competitive energy and need to be promoted as important element of Indian Energy Mix.

qGetting the public on board is very important for success of Nuclear Programme. National consensus should be built for development.

qForums like IEF should help to allay the fears of the public on Nuclear Energy through conferences, publications, etc.

qNuclear Energy is associated with radiation. Radiation is omnipresent and can be measured accurately. Radiation comes from two sources – Cosmic rays from galaxy (Solar System) and from earth like uranium and thorium.

qAs galaxy radiation can not be controlled, the radiation levels therefore, have to be as close to Natural earth radiation levels.

qAs against Average Annual Radiation Exposure (micro SV) of 3000 (natural + man – made ) the radiation from Indian Nuclear Power Plants during 201 was 0.42 to 39.6 micro SV to the persons near plant boundaries. This is insignificant and radiation from NPP’s really a non-issue.

qNuclear Power Plants have the problem of high capital cost, higher financing cost and spent fuel disposal issues. Technologies should be developed to mitigate these. With growing new starts the capital cost may come down with volume growth. China announced that future NPP will coat $1200/kw vis-a vis $1600/kw before foe AP 1000 reactors.

qAbsence of international supply chain is also an issue in growth of NPP.

qLocal value addition will make NPP cost competitive in capital cost and tariff structure.

qNuclear Power gives clean energy as it balances the energy needs and CO2 emissions.

qPost Fukushima many countries including Japan, China, UK and USA are developing Nuclear Power.

qBesides PHWR’s, India needs to develop the state of the art technologies – Generation III & Generation III + Reactor technologies. One should therefore develop technologies that use nuclear or solar energy to carry out splitting of water to produce hydrogen, recycle of carbon dioxide along with hydrogen to produce artificial hydrocarbon substitutes, use biomass and hydrogen again to produce artificial hydrocarbons and move towards hydrocarbons that are non-fossil in origin.

qWaste Disposal Technologies like Irradiation of waste with high energy particles may be the ultimate waste disposal solution.

03

Nuclear Conclave

04

Renewable Energy Conclave

RENEWABLES: SOME CONCLUSIONS

(i) The 12th Five Year Plan target for Renewables has been fixed at 46,000 MW, which is almost ten fold increase over the 11th Plan achievement. Hence the challenges are also multiplied a factor of ten. A strong review of policy support system would be required.

(ii) Investment is low in R&D in Solar and other renewable energy technologies. Policies need to be evolved to meet Human Resource challenges. It would be desirable to have strong domestic manufacturing base, so that the target of sustainable energy is successfully met in the long-run.

(iii) There are many challenges in Solar PV, which would require attention for achieving the Mission targets. ‘Smart’ PV system design for load sharing during peak power demand should be developed.

(iv) Infrastructure development, particularly in reference to renewable energy sources, is important for providing access in rural areas and for meeting urban needs. Future scenario of development should be evolved within the framework of socio-ecological research.

(v) Micro-CHPs as systems for electricity generation by solar and winds, and by solar-solar are flexible and emerging as an extension of cogeneration approach for application to building sector. Cromasum Micro Generator Technology (MCT) is the next generation high performance solar collector for roof top integration. Similarly, Heliodynamic Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector (CLFR) is a combined solar PV and heating system. Its heat is used for preheating water in a coal fired plant, while PV for generating electricity.

(vi) Shifting the focus to understand application of renewable energy as climate change mitigation option and developing decision making tools towards optimization.

(vii) Solar energy being high growth industry requires coordinated effort for interlinking state policies, national policies, guidelines for industry, incentives and investments etc. A dedicated organization for technology innovation in Clean Energy development, particularly solar energy can help accomplishing the massive targets of the Mission.

SUMMARY PROCEEDINGS

INTRODUCTORY SESSION (Sustainable Energy Source – Nuclear and Renewable)

1. Mr. Anil Razdan

• The Sustainable Energy Summit- The Nuclear and Renewable Conclave- raises the issue as to how much power from Nuclear can be obtained; can it be basic energy source leaving peak load to Solar.

• Nuclear Power is a tremendous energy source but unfortunate public controversy is being created. Nuclear Power is needed by the country and work being done NPCIL is focus on meeting growing power needs of the country.

• There are costs involved to Solar and Nuclear and country needs both the sources of power for various applications.

2. Dr. Anil Kakodkar

• Sustainable Energy issues are central to mother earth and climate change- critical for survival of mankind.

• A serious debate on Nuclear Energy has started in the country including power plants like Kudankulam which is ready and no body raised issues prior to Fukushima.

• Fukushima has forced nuclear industry to have a relook for strengthening the safety measures further. Countries have taken their own decision to continue with Nuclear Power.

• In India, per capita energy consumption is so low that it requires maximum addition of energy sources to provide adequate electricity to its people, industry for a healthy economic growth. These needs can be fulfilled by Nuclear Power as in the long run availability of fossil fuels and petroleum fuels is limited.

• Energy issues are very critical and their criticality will grow with time.

• Nuclear energy and Solar energy are the two key sources of critical importance, challenge is to make large contribution to the energy mix.

05

Nuclear Conclave

• We necessarily need to find more energy. A time will come when we would need to produce these or equivalent energy forms using other forms of primary energy. Dependence on coal for this purpose would be a step in negative direction. One should therefore develop technologies that use nuclear or solar energy to carry out splitting of water to produce hydrogen, recycle of carbon dioxide along with hydrogen to produce artificial hydrocarbon substitutes, use biomass and hydrogen again to produce artificial hydrocarbons and move towards hydrocarbons that are non-fossil in origin.

• It is in this context that we should look at the serious debate that is going on in the country in the context of nuclear and as Mr. Anil Razdaan said particularly in the context of Kudankulam. I myself have gone there in past may be more than half a dozen times. Every time one saw an extremely positive and friendly neighbourhood. It is very unfortunate that severe unease has been created by Fukushima where in fact not a single fatality has taken place as a result of the reactor accident and where I don’t expect any serious health consequence in years to come as a result of radiation exposure seen by the population (because although it has been higher than normal, it is not at a level where a serious health consequence can be expected).

• It would be interesting to look at situation in different countries post Fukushima. Japan is relooking but is continuing with Nuclear energy; China’s Nuclear energy is growing fast. UK is going ahead with Nuclear power, USA has restarted.

• We must realize that many countries especially in the west, the situation is quite different than emerging countries- their population is stable, per capita consumption is at a saturated level and in reality these is no need for additional generation.

3. Mr. G B Pradhan:

• 40 million households in India do not have access to electricity. The per capita energy consumption in India is very low- (India 800 KWH vis-à-vis China 1800KWH).

• 30,000 MW Planned additions in XII Plan. Present Solar bids are being received at much lower levels upto Rs.12/kwh. Solar energy would achieve grid parity by the end of XII Plan by 2017.

• Quantum increase in outlay- from `4000 crs in XI Plan to `40,000crs in XII plan is required. Biomass sources have to be scaled up.

• Issues in Renewable are – grid connectivity, transmission and evacuation and strong cutting edge of technology base in products in products like storage technology.

06

Nuclear Conclave

4. Mr. G R Srinivasan:

• India has four energy pillars for meeting energy needs of the country including - Fossil Fuels- Renewable- Nuclear- Energy ConservationAll the pillars, supplement each other and there is no competition among all the pillars.

• India needs Nuclear Power because of

- No other long term bulk energy source are available- Sustainability- Intergeneration equity (not to exhaust one source only)

• Nuclear Power renaissance will continue as evident from the actions of many nations.

• Public Acceptance and Liability are the issues in the nuclear field and these need to be openly discussed and public should be educated.

07

Nuclear Conclave

Mr. V P Singh, Convener, Nuclear Group, IEF

08

Renewable Energy Conclave

SUMMARY PROCEEDINGS

In the combined Inaugural Session Shri Gireesh S. Pradhan, Secretary, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy delivered the Special Address. Dr. Anil Kakodkar gave the Theme Address. Mr. Anil Razdan, Chairman, Power Group, IEF & Former Secretary (Power) gave welcome remarks and Shri P. S. Bami, President, IEF moved the Vote of Thanks.

Shri K. L. Chugh, Chairman, Renewable Group, IEF welcomed the participants in the Renewable Energy Conclave and made brief remarks. Shri Amarjit Singh, Secretary General coordinated the programme in two Plenary Sessions, Session I on Solar Energy and Session II on Other Renewable Energy Sources especially Wind and Biomass. Dr. (Mrs.) Malti Goel, Convener, Renewable Group/Environment and Former Adviser, DST gave introductory remarks on the theme and presented five point technical agenda for quantum jump in renewable energy sector.

The eminent speakers in the Sessions were; Dr. D. Majumdar, CMD, IREDA; Dr. Ms Jyoti Parikh, Executive Director IRADE; Dr. V. Subramanian, Former Secretary, MNRE; Dr. N. P. Singh Scientist-G/Advisor, MNRE, & SG, In WEA; Mr. Mahesh Vipradas, Head-Regulatory Affairs, Suzlon Energy Ltd. And Mr. Amit Kumar, Head (North & Central), Tata BP Solar India Ltd.

The renewable energy sector is getting emphasized as a low carbon strategy and the new policy guidelines such as Renewable Purchase Obligations (RPO) and Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) are in place to give boost to industry. The presentations and discussions were held on the recent developments in policy; need to address the challenges in R&D to harness the full potential of renewable energy, future of LEDs and about the Government’s proactive role in development of an indigenous solar industry in India.

In India Renewable Energy Research and Development has been receiving attention since late 1970s. The MNRE, then Commission Additional Sources of Energy (CASE) came into existence in 1981 as a separate administrative structure from the Department of Science & Technology. As on October 2011, the share of Renewable Energy installed capacity has become 11% (equivalent to 22022 MW) in the total electricity installed capacity of 182 GW. India is among top ten countries in world in solar based installed capacity. Under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission has set a target of reaching grid connecting power of 20,000 MW by 2022. New bidding processes and new incentive schemes are in the pipeline. Significant reduction in the cost of solar power is expected to bring in grid parity by 2017.

A new Mission on Biofuels is proposed along the lines of Solar Mission The. MNRE is giving new thrust to R&D in identified areas and a National Biofuels Fund is taking shape under the National Biofuels Policy. Wind energy development is on the road to success and generation based incentives are in place.There is a need to review policy of evacuation.

Dr. (Mrs) Malti Goel, Convener, Renewable Energy & Environment Group, IEF

KEY ADDRESSES

Welcome Remarks by Mr. Anil Razdan, Former Secretary Power & Chairman, Power Group, IEF

A very good morning to you ladies and gentlemen, distinguished participants, distinguished speakers on the dais, Dr. Anil Kakodkar, Mr. Girish Pradhan, Mr. G.R Srinivasan, Mr. B.S Bami and Mr. Amarjit Singh and distinguished delegates. We are assembled here to discuss the renewables and the nuclear part of the power for India’s energy profile, the low carbon or no carbon area that we wish to pursue. Renewables in India have had a very good beginning because we were the first country to form a Ministry for Renewable. Very clearly, I think, the mandate, was to promote understood New and Renewable Energy. The Ministry has charted extremely ambitious plans and I think very good breakthroughs, particularly in respect of solar power has emerged and we are trying to develop an indigenous solar industry in India. We had great proponents of solar power who were willing to bring technology from abroad, but where was the pitfall, we would be paying large amounts of royalty for technology, repairs and maintenance. The other part of renewables not so much of wind, I mean wind of course is very important but solar power advantage is that the cost of solar power is getting reduced rapidly. There was an interesting discussion whether in peaking power we can introduce solar to replace the other power. Yes we need to look at these options, we need to see how systems are going to react to that situation. I am sure that today’s deliberations will thrash out these issues in detail. Dr. Anil Kakodkar needs no introduction. He has been a distinguished colleague also in the Department of Atomic Energy that he was at the helm of affairs for long. It is very unfortunate that a project which did not find any objection from people has suddenly became controversial, When Dr. G.R Srinivasan was my chairman, I accompanied the Russian delegation to the site and all that you could see was sea beyond these shores. And of course, the Nuclear Power Corporation did a tremendous work there to develop that project to see that the area got all the benefits that it could bring about the best technologies, and safer systems. Suddenly we have a situation today where people are finding all kinds of faults with it. Of course if we agree to disagree with any point of view, then I think the answer is obvious. What is the point of a debate, a debate has to lead to a rational and open discussion. Nuclear power can give us tremendous amounts of energy, there is a cost to renewable as well as nuclear because all along we have developed technology on fossil fuels. I think I would not say more at the moment you have got a very distinguished and eminent people with us today, but I would only say that when we discuss any public controversies, we should keep in mind that this country needs energy, it needs power and those who were engaged in the process are as much very patriotic Indians as others.

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Key Addresses 11th Sustainable Energy Summit

Theme Address byDr. Anil Kakodkar, Homi Bhabha Chair Professor & Chairman, Nuclear Group, IEF

Shri Girish Pradhan, Secretary, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Shri Anil Razdaan, Chairman Power Group, India Energy Forum and Former Secretary, Ministry of Power, Shri. Bami, Shri G.R Srinivasan, Shri Amarjit Singh, distinguished participants, invitees, ladies and gentlemen. I am present here also as a host. I have kind of agreed and decided to participate in the activities of India Energy Forum because I feel the issue of sustainable energy needs to be handled from a variety of platforms. Shri Anil Razdaan was discussing about getting people along. There are of course active professionals in the government, in the industry and in the society, who are doing their bit in terms of addressing energy issues before the country. India Energy Forum is one platform where there is a wealth of experience. People who have devoted their life to energy issues, and certainly to me this forms a kind of a wise men’s group and so with a very selfish interest I have decided to join this group.

We did expect honourable minister of State in Prime Minister’s Office Mr. Narayanaswamy as well as Dr. Srikumar Banerjee, Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission to be here along with Mr. Girish Pradhan who is already here. Unfortunately because of other pressing engagements they are not here at this moment, but I believe Dr. Banerjee would be here at lunch time and he is going to talk to the group over lunch and Shri Narayanaswamy, MOS PMO would be here with us for the concluding session.

We all are here to discuss the energy issues. They have already become very critical. As time passes, I think the criticality of energy issues is only going to intensify both in terms of sustainability as well as protection of mother earth, its environment and stability of its climate. And from these points of view, sustainability as well as climate change, I think nuclear energy and solar energy- the two key subjects for today’s discussion, are of crucial importance. Both have their own challenges particularly in terms of taking them to a level of making large contribution to India’s energy requirements. And I personally believe that the key to addressing these challenges is in fact to empower country’s professionals, empower country’s industry and to do things in a manner that is most appropriate to Indian conditions and needs. We need to realise a degree of autonomy and self reliance in these endeavours. Many times this term self reliance is misunderstood. Self reliance does not mean that you create an iron curtain around you and say that I will do everything myself and not look at others. That is not the meaning of self reliance. Meaning of self reliance to my mind is to be able to conduct our business in a manner where we decide our destiny with a degree of autonomy in our decision making and do not allow any vulnerabilities to set in. Within these parameters of course we should derive maximum benefit through collaborations, through interactive working, through inter dependence and so on. And that is exactly the way we should be moving both in the context of nuclear as well as in my view in the context of solar energy.

Our discussions today would obviously cover all key issues that need to be addressed in the context of these two energy forms. Nuclear and solar are clearly the only two large sources which have the capability of meeting country’s energy requirement for quite some time in future. We should look upon these two sources not just as the means of producing electricity but in my view also as primary energy

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11th Sustainable Energy Summit Key Addresses

sources. I also want to stress here that there are - and it may not be very easily visible to everyone - several core technologies which have relevance to both nuclear and solar and which over a period of time could enable us to move towards a fossil carbon free energy supply for the country. For using these two sources as primary energy, we should have a whole gamut of technologies and industry activities which will meet the requirements of energy usage in different forms, be it electricity, be it fluid fuel or any other form on which we can run the gadgets for our daily lives. We have several end appliances where we necessarily need fluid energy such as petroleum, diesel, kerosene, aviation turbine fuel etc. all of which have fossil origin. Indications are that we are already around the oil peak. A time will come when we would need to produce these or equivalent energy forms using other forms of primary energy. Dependence on coal for this purpose would be a step in negative direction. Eventually this whole thing would lead to fluid energy supply in the form of hydrogen in tune with the transition on the demand side when instead of cars running on diesel or petrol you would have most of the cars running on hydrogen. This is already beginning to happen and one visualises that this will happen on a much larger scale in future. So to my mind I think we should prepare ourselves to that future. And if we do that then I think it addresses the sustainability issue and it also addresses the issue of climate change. Now dreaming like this is fine, but we need to back it up with firm action, firm action in terms of development of relevant technologies, firm actions in terms of implementation of those technologies and we are talking about implementation on a scale where thousands of crores of investments is involved. And so this implementation has to be done keeping the commercial viability as an important criteria at all times and that is the big challenge in energy development for our country and indeed energy development anywhere else.

It is in this context that we should look at the serious debate that is going on in the country in the context of nuclear and as Mr. Anil Razdaan said particularly in the context of Kudankulam. I myself have gone there in past may be more than half a dozen times. Every time one saw an extremely positive and friendly neighbourhood. It is very unfortunate that severe unease has been created by Fukushima where in fact not a single fatality has taken place as a result of the reactor accident and where I don’t expect any serious health consequence in years to come as a result of radiation exposure seen by the population (because although it has been higher than normal, it is not at a level where a serious health consequence can be expected).

It would be interesting to look at situation in different countries post Fukushima. Let us begin with Japan itself. Japan has borne the brunt of this event. So they are obviously in a greater trauma than any other country. They are certainly going to re-look at their energy mix but I haven’t heard any statement which says that they will phase out nuclear. Look at China they paused for a very short while, it may be a few weeks and the whole programme is back on rails and it is moving on extremely fast. The energy development in China including nuclear it is growing at a very fast pace. About a year back when I had gone to China, I was told that they are commissioning one power station, (that includes all types of power stations), every week and that still continues. The share of nuclear that they are now targeting is higher than what was visualised may be two or three years back. Take the case of United Kingdom. In United Kingdom, thanks to the North Sea oil which they found some decades ago, nuclear had taken a backseat. But now that North Sea has exhausted, nuclear has come back centre stage. And in fact there have been decisions taken in the United Kingdom for going ahead with nuclear power stations in post Fukushima era. United States, everybody talks about that they have not built a new power station for several years. But there have been decisions taken to start new nuclear builds in the United States and that continues in post Fukushima era. Much is made out about the German decision to phase out nuclear. We must recall that

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11th Sustainable Energy SummitKey Addresses

they had a phase-out decision in place and looking at the energy situation, prior to Fukushima; they were in fact in the process of revisiting that old decision. They were in the process of continuing some of the older reactors for longer period of time after their refurbishment. Post Fukushima of course they have gone back to the old decision, so it is not as if something new has happened even in Germany. Above all I think we should recognise that the situation in country like India or for that matter other emerging economies and situation in Western Europe and North America, are quite different. In these later countries, the population is stable, the per capita electricity consumption is at a saturated level and in reality there is no need for net additional electricity generation in those countries. They need new power plants, but they need new power plants essentially to replace those which have to be phased out because they have outlived their lives or because of whatever reasons. That is not the situation in a country like India. In fact in India additional energy requirement to reach a reasonable quality of life is much higher than any other country including China. The reason for that is that China’s per capita energy consumption today is already a few times higher than what it is in India. So the incremental addition that China requires is much lower than the incremental addition that India would require. And so I think we must realise that India’s energy situation is far more critical as compared to any other country in the world. We must shape our energy policies and our actions to implement that energy policy in a manner that is consistent with our requirements. Otherwise, sometimes it looks to me that this great debating society that we have converted ourselves to is creating more harm than good and I think this is better understood sooner than later.

Coming to this particular meeting, we have two segments, one on nuclear energy and the other on solar energy. Nuclear in turn is divided in two parts, one related to challenges to capacity addition and there is going to be discussion on land acquisition, industry readiness and the whole set of related issues; and the second related to the future of nuclear power plants particularly in the context of Fukushima. What safety lessons we have learnt and so on and so forth. In the second segment dealing with renewable energy, we going to have a comprehensive discussion essentially on solar but also on other aspects of renewable energy and I am very happy that Mr. Girish Pradhan, Secretary, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy is here with us and also Mr. Subramaniam is here who is the former Secretary of Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. So all in all it looks to me that we have a very fruitful day ahead and let us look forward to some meaningful conclusions at the end of the day. With the integrated wisdom based on long years of experience that is present here, I am confident that the conclusions reached at the end of the day would be credible and of value.Thank you very much.

12


Special Address by Mr. Girish Pradhan, Secretary, MNRE

First of all let me thank the Energy forum for having given me this opportunity to interact with all of you this morning. Friends, you have all heard Dr. Kakodkar lay out the broad canvass for the deliberations of the forum. I would like to focus a little more on part that pertains to the Ministry that I am serving right now. And before I do that I will take something that he said towards the end of his extremely thought provoking talk which is basically an issue of energy access and energy security. Friends, he just mentioned the per capita energy consumption in India. Let me put it in some figures; we are at around 800 units. China today is at almost 1800 the world average is around 2005. So this forms the basic tenet, the basic challenge, the basic issue that we are all facing is a question of providing commercial energy to our population at a particular level. Now that itself involves the use of and the access to all forms of energy. And in this context whether it is nuclear energy or even some amount of fossil based energy that would be mandated for achieving basic level that we need to reach to give the large part of our population energy access. Forty million households in this country do not have access to commercial energy that is a very large proportion. So let us look at the whole debate and I would recommend that these deliberations do keep that in mind.

Turning now again to renewable I think Mr. Anil Razdaan had mentioned that India was one of the first countries in the world to form a separate administrative structure in the Ministry for Non-Conventional or Renewable energy. That of course being true, we must all admit that the progress has been there but has been at a pace where I think none of us in this room would feel very happy about. In that context the coming five years which is the twelfth plan period is going to be very crucial. We have already started of on a certain very important roadmaps whether it is the Jawaharlal Nehru Solar Mission or the emphasis on a biomass and wind energy, the twelfth plan will be a crucial period in which renewable will need to be accelerated and consolidated. So in that context we have a very ambitious target, we are targeting almost 30,000 megawatts by the end of the twelfth plan. The Jawaharlal Nehru Solar Mission which was part of the National Action Plan on Climate Change that the Prime Minister has announced has a target of reaching grid connected power of 20,000 megawatts by 2020-2022, the first of that would be over next year. We are in the next phase I think March 2013 when we would have in place at least a thousand, megawatts of grid connected solar power. Now there has been a tremendous, response to a unique kind of a scheme that the Ministry of Renewable Energy and the Ministry of Power jointly had put in place which was also helped by a worldwide phenomenon which saw a rapid decline in the cost of solar power and especially on the PV side there has been a dramatic fall which we have been able to ride the crest on. I would like to share with you that from a feed in tariff which the regulator had fixed at almost 17.90. We right now have been able to get bids for 12 rupees and the present bidding that has been put in place may show even more dramatic result. At least we hope so. So all these ladies and gentlemen, leading to the conclusion that grid parity would be faster to achieve on the solar side probably by say around 2017, by the end of the 12th plan would be a target which we would try to achieve, may be earlier if we are very lucky.

The context in which we are viewing renewable I think needs to be understood. For the large part of our population especially in rural areas they do not consider their village to be electrified unless they get

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grid connected power. This is a fact of reality, So that is a very important element that we have to keep in mind. And again it gives in with something that I mentioned about the level of electricity consumption per capita. So that is a crucial element and there of course nuclear plays a very vital role. So how do we view renewables, basically right now at the present context renewable will play a vital role in providing basic access in terms of lighting in terms of very basic things that a large part of our population needs. And to that extent the issues of off grid renewable sources serving a very small population are the ideal solution. Now where is the hitch, the hitch is in two segments, one in terms of business model which we have not really been able to build. If we are able to build a business model around the mini grid the off grid solution, a large part of the problem would be addressed. The second is the question of financing you know unfortunately renewable are tagged along with the so-called bigger brother which is the power sector and the financing agencies, institutions apprise renewable projects almost on the same lines that they are apprising conventional power projects. There is a problem and, there is an issue because you need to apprise these projects in a different context.

The second and the most important thing which of course large part of the responsibility of government is that the eleventh plan which, I think had a plan outlay of like four thousand crores for renewable. I am afraid everybody sitting in this room will join me in saying that you know that really is not a kind of an outlay that you are looking for when you need to push renewable in a large way. So this time we are proposing and because a quantum increase is what I think is part of the topic, we have proposed a real quantum increase and proposed at least a ten fold rise in the outlay. So that is what from our side we would try to tell the planning commission that if you want a quantum increase in the renewable sector the you know you will have to as they say put your money where your mouth is and increase the financial. Outlay for the 12th five year plan very substantially.

Next year is also the United Nations year of sustainable energy and in that context too, we in India are planning to sharpen the focus on renewable there is a whole area of wind as well as biomass that we need to look at in a slightly different context to may be scale up models and put in place business models which can take this thing forward.

The other issue that I would like to flag at this time which is going to be a major stumbling block is that with the increase in terms of the quantum of grid connected renewable power you are going to have an issue on transmission and evacuation because that area has been somehow neglected by many of us. We have been so concerned with the transmission and evacuation of conventional power. In fact I was just sharing with Mr. Anil Razdaan that the transmission and evacuation for Koodankulam is well on its way. So we really hope that but it is in the conventional context that the transmission and evacuation has been looked at. That needs to be changed because we have very large quantum of grid connected solar, wind power coming up which should be evacuated and transmitted to areas where it really can be consumed. So that is an area that needs to be focused and looked at in the twelfth five year plan and got on top of.

So a large amount of investment will need to go into this particular area of transmission and evacuation. I think the other side of the coin is basically in terms of again the financing of the renewable, it is quite possible that you know we can look at renewable energy in the off grid mode for rural areas have been taken under the priority sector lending which will of course enhance the access to financial resources. But we need to definitely focus far greater financial resources on renewable and on that sector if we have to make a dent by the end of the 12th five year plan.

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The other area that I would like to touch upon is in terms of having a domestic base strong enough to sustain the programmes in the future. Dr. Kakodkar referred to technology. The question is basically that we would be in a position to get cutting edge technology in case we want to make a difference here. So that that is one of the things which I think the developed world needs to you know look at very carefully. The context in which renewable is being pursued and looked at in the developed world as Dr. Kakodkar had touched upon is quite different from the way we look at renewable sources of energy in a country like India which is developing and which is as deprived in terms of energy access as we are. So the access to cutting edge technology is vital, for example, in the sphere of storage I mean that is one of the major issues that renewables face is storage. Now there is a lot of work being done in India but a lot of work is being done also in the United States as well as Europe on storage systems. Now, if that kind of cutting edge technology in terms of storage is made available to a country like India, then you know we would have a different totally different picture. The need to create a large domestic manufacturing base, for example in solar what we need is to have a domestic base here in the country to sustain a programme which we are planning to take by the year 2020 of 20,000 megawatts of grid connected solar power. Now this is a huge programme, this is probably one of the biggest programmes in the world and the most ambitious. And you know we have the first phase is by the grace of god is quite on track and we will be able to achieve the target. Just to share a small statistics with you, at the end of 2009 we had two megawatts of grid connected solar power. Today we have over 160 megawatts. So you know we have really got a quantum jump and by 2012, we hope to put in position almost between 300 and 400 megawatts of grid connected solar power. In terms of quantum jump, ladies and gentlemen, yes this does amount to a quantum jump. But sustaining a programme like of 20,000 megawatts needs a very strong large domestic manufacturing base.

We cannot get away from the fact that it is mandated even in our national solar mission policy. So that is something that we are going to be very strongly pursuing. I am sure, ladies and gentlemen, you are going to have a very fruitful discussion in the Energy Forum on two very vital issues, nuclear and renewable, both areas are vital to any kind of progress that we would like to achieve on energy front and crucial for both energy security and energy access. I thank you, I thank the organisers and thank you for your patient hearing that you are doing to me.

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Address by Mr. G.R Srinivasan, Advisor, Nuclear Power Business, GMR Group

Dr. Kakodkar, Mr. Razdan, Mr. Pradhan, Mr. Bami, Mr. Amarjit Singh, distinguished participants, at the outset I would like to thank the forum for it pointing out that in the morning session I am what the Railway say RAC, Reservation Against cancellation because Dr. Banerjee couldn’t come but I understand he is coming later. So I hope I will justify the expectation of the forum. I would like to touch upon some contemporary subjects something connected with nuclear and sustainable development and reiterate at the risk of repetition, what Dr. Kakodkar said. I am an energy man but also a nuclear man, so I must do justice to nuclear also. First thing is I have just finished fifty years in the nuclear industry. When I was the Director, Health Safety, Environment and public acceptance in NPCIL, there was a writ case on Kaiga one and two, and luckily for us the court dismissed the case. There is a case now on Kaiga three and four, I read the stipulation they are the same except a few things added on Fukushima. There is also a case in Supreme Court they are subjudice, so I don’t want to talk on the case but I just want to mention that the same people are raising the same issues and the answers are the same. So I think we should all take a scientific and rational view in the interest of the nation to go ahead with the energy planning. For example with 20 nuclear power plants are operating seven under construction, 3000 manufacturers, hundred big APC contractors completing fifty years of viable safe, secure operation. I think it is too late to ask whether we need nuclear or not for India. The question should be constructive debate on what to do how to improve and expedite thorium technology and put it into the industrial domain. As you know thorium can give 300 thousand megawatts for three hundred years. How do we close the gap by 2050 about eighty thousand megawatts including all other sources which essentially have to be nuclear. However, we placed to have a roadmap for the global nuclear power three to four times the volume of what the IT is now. It could be a big manufacturing hub, big service provider, exporting nuclear power plants. My estimate is more than one crore job in India. How do we accelerate the three stage programme? how do we increase the nuclear share? These are the questions I think one should debate rather than asking questions now after fifty years whether nuclear is required or not. Coming to energy mix each country has to have its own strategy on energy mix depending on more than ten or twelve factors. In my opinion at the risk of repetition I would say India should have four pillars, one thermal, including coal, gas, and liquid fuel, other renewable including hydro, other nuclear and the fourth energy conservation increasing energy intensity having smart grids, demand side control. People say that if you do one of them nuclear is not required. All these four are independent; they have their own special characteristics advantages which we must take off. If they are able to stick to these four energy sources we would have told we prove that there is no competition among these. It is only the people who are creating competition between these. Country like India needs all the four sources, all the four attempts. So I think we have to make sure that we put an emphasis. I am afraid planners, some of the people have worked in various group have to detail out the long term plans, they can’t talk on air, you have to really find out whether you do have enough adequate capacity in each of these sources and find to mix. And then they will find that each of these is important and nuclear has to meet about seventy to eighty thousand megawatt by 2050. Now, this is about the energy planning. I would just want to touch about one of the eight or nine requirements why India needs nuclear apart from being the only alternate bulk source known, I would specify bulk source because renewable is there but it is not a

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bulk source. Dr. Kakodkar pointed out many of the things, Germany of course is definitely planning to phase out and he pointed out. I just want to point out two more small points with Germany one is the fact that they have got only half percent growth on power. The total installed capacity a little more than a lakh megawatt because the population is stable, more important is they are running out of uranium so nuclear is no more an independent source of energy for them. If you take the other three countries USA, they are putting a 80,000 plant in Walktel, they are reviving a watts power plant, and they have permission applied for many nuclear power plants. So don’t think that USA is not pushing for nuclear. UK has announced that at Inkle point in APR, Canada has announced for more power plants in Darlington. So out of the eleven nations, we have six which are live including India which is going ahead with it and the remaining going. So this is going to offer a tremendous global opportunity to India, one shouldn’t forget about it. A few issues which are contemporary I have been asked to be brief. I will just touch upon two points taking advantage of the parliament session going on. One is the aggressive steps which many countries are taking. The other day I read Russia and France combining upon the liability issue which is something being discussed now. The public acceptance and liability all these are very important. In fact nuclear which is safe which is seen to be safe is only accepted by the public and liability is an issue which is of great importance to public acceptance and it is very important to convince the public. I thought the Act and the rule combined is the best that can be done addressing almost each issues of Bhopal. It is fast, within five months you get the compensation. It is hassle free because of the single window dispensation, adequate because of an independent compensation deciding mechanism and no discrimination. But I want to point out two cases of anomalies here. One, if you put these three accidents as the test case for the liability acts and rules that have been passed, it is proved that TMI and Chernobyl were operator issues and not designed and Fukushima was a beyond design based accident for which the designer cannot be caught. In fact it behaved much better than what it was designed for earthquake and it proved it.

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Vote for ThanksMr. P.S. Bami, President, IEF

Dr. Anil Kakodkar, Mr. Anil Razdan, Shri Girish Pradhan, Mr. G.R Srinivasan, my colleague, Amarjit , Dr. Bajaj, Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission and Mr. V. Subramaniam, Former Secretary, MNRE and honoured guests, participants, and speakers, I find a lot of speakers are here. First of all let me thank Dr. Kakodkar who has been the chairman of the Organising Committee, he has been associated with us in the previous conferences. I am very glad he mentioned about the sustainable energy, it is a mission of India Energy Forum. And along with our power conferences we have been able to organise a green energy or nuclear energy conference as an associated programme. Sir, you are an eminent scientist and you have honoured us to be the Chairman of Nuclear committee. I think you are known that you know the self reliance on thorium is your dream. We wish you that this dream comes true during our life time. You have received a number of awards, I mean Padmashri, Padma Bhushan, Dr. Kakodkar has given you in a capsule form what is going to happen during this conference. Why we organised this conference, let me tell you. We felt that the civil society has to come forward and well informed debate should take place. People have opinions and at this platform they can ask our experts, here is the public also which can interact with our experts. And I think you have highlighted sir in your brief remarks that you know that no single casualty has taken place as a result of the Fukushima. But I think it has not been publicised sir. The general opinion is all that the 15,000 deaths have taken place due to the Tsunami are being attributed to the nuclear disaster. In the civil society agitations which are going on partly political, but what is our response sir to these agitations which are going on. Recently the Prime Minister sent the Hon,ble Minister and other groups are going over there, but this kind of general opinion in the public my only idea is sir that you have to take certain concrete steps in order to convince the people that nothing is wrong with the nuclear programme, no accidents of this nature have taken place in India. Whatever has happened outside has a very very small casualty effect and no country, even as you rightly said sir, even Japan is not left out. You have said USA, Germany they have left it long behind. So I think this whole issue of the what is the entire programme on, what actions have been taken by the government, what programme what teams we have been sent to the various plants nothing is being published.

Sir. Girish sahib I am extremely grateful to you that you have been a part of our initiatives and also have something more common in you. We are both Stephanian sir. So I can have some claim on you and I think you are in a very short while grasped the whole issue of renewable energy admirably. And I think we are in safe hands sir, we wish you good luck that you have achieved what you have indicated in a smaller way that what is going to happen that in a short four five years you will achieve something great. Sir we are also grateful to Mr. Srinivasan, he is a very eminent scientist and has a lot of experience and I think sir I only want to bring out one or two points. Civil Liability Bill I do not know whether any supplier is going to say except what we are saying because no other country the supplier of the equipment accepts the liability. We have put today a limit of 2000 crores or 2002 crores. But if you know a supplier of equipment, I have been in the power sector sir, we have found it very difficult to prove latent defects in any equipments. Of course I don’t know where nuclear prove latent effect. How are you going to fix this liability and what we are doing is we are driving. So I think you have to find a solution sir. This is an issue which to my mind and also you

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know on the regulatory side that I think doctor sahib is here he is going to speak but the bill has to go through that is very important because thirdly the point which I used where we conclude you need private sector investment. You know the amount of money which is required in the twelfth plan itself is so much that I think no government will be able to bring about that kind of money. So unless you open up bring about you know an environment and the private sector can. Today the private sector I can tell you sir, because our policies private sector is shying away I think money is no problem. They have brought it up, ultra mega projects four thousand each how many have come but today we are in a jam because what has happened on the coal side.

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Special Luncheon Address by Dr. Srikumar Banerjee, Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission

Dr. Banerjee gives a very comprehensive presentation on Nuclear Energy at the 11th Sustainable Energy Summit. He answered all the possible issues which skeptics raise about the viability of the nuclear power. These included:

• Why Nuclear Energy?

• Can renewable energy resources meet the demands of electricity in India?

• Are some countries abandoning nuclear energy?

• Is the environment around nuclear power plant excessively radioactive?

• Indian Three Stage Programme vis-à-vis Imported Technology

• Why don’t we use thorium right away?

• Why international cooperation in Nuclear Power Programme?

• What is the progress in International Civil Nuclear Cooperation?

• After Fukushima is there any change in our Nuclear Power Programme?

• How to ensure safety of various imported technologies?

• What is the solution for high level radioactive waste?

Full presentation follows

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Shri V Narayanasamy, Hon’ble Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office

In his address, V Narayanasamy, Minister’ Office, Parliamentary Affairs and also SEC member, said that government is committed to commence its nuclear power programme since India aims to supply 25 percent of its electricity from nuclear sources by 2050.

India’s somber fuel situation, with an shortage of fossil fuels is driving the nuclear investment for electricity for 2020, when 1094GWe of base load capacity is expected to be required. India desperately needs to provide for its energy needs.

He hoped for a breakthrough in the 99-day anti-Kudankulam nuclear project agitation, saying the atmosphere in the coastal Tamil Nadu town was "changing slowly".

"A pro-nuclear agitation has started in Kudankulam... the atmosphere is changing slowly,"

He said he was in regular touch with the Tamil Nadu government, which was cooperating with the Centre on the issue.

"Both the governments (Centre and Tamil Nadu) will find a way out and within a short time we will resolve the issue... very shortly a breakthrough will be there," he said.

Mr. Narayanasamy said that the PM had send him as his emissary to the Tamil Nadu government after protests broke out in mid-August against the two 1000 MWe nuclear power plants being built by Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited with Russian collaboration.

He had meetings with Chief Minister J Jayalalithaa and the protesters in and around Kudankulam who had expressed concern over safety aspects of the nuclear power project, livelihood issues and environment matters.

The Centre and the state government had set up two different panels to address concerns over safety and environment impact of the Rs 13,000 crore project raised by the protesters.

• Public awareness is being increased to address the Kudankulam. • Public is gradually feeling the need of Nuclear Energy Fukushima is blown out of proportion. • Common perception that Nuclear is “Atom Bomb” needs to be eliminated. • Coal is a problem for import CO2 problems, transportation etc. and Nuclear is the solution. • Government had taken all the steps to ensure security. There included a Regulation Bill and a

Liability Bill.

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Concluding RemarksDr Malti Goel, Convener, Renewable Energy & Environment Group

Respected Dr R. L. Chug, Dr. D. Majumdar, Shri PS Bammi, Dr. Jyoti Parikh on the Dias and fellow delegates for the Summit. It is a privilege for me to present brief Remarks and Vote of Thanks for the 11th Green Energy Summit, organized by India Energy Forum. I am grateful to the Forum for this opportunity. We have a Green Energy Summit every year and this is 11th in the series. The theme of the conclave is Renewable Energy: Challenges and Potential.

Energy sector is in greater chaos today than ever before. The economy is having high growth rate and climate change considerations are getting integrated in energy policies. I would like to put before you a five point agenda to address the theme of the Summit. The first point of five point agenda is nothing but sourcing of Renewable Energy.

I. Sourcing of Solar Power

In India, Renewable Energy research & development especially Solar energy have been receiving attention since 1970s. MNRE then, Commission for Additional Sources of Energy (CASE) came into existence in 1981 as a separate entity from the Department of Science & Technology. Today it can be said that wind energy is already on the road to success. Under the National Mission programme solar as well as biofuels are receiving new thrusts. India is one among top ten countries of the world in solar based installed capacity. In Solar PV Power the current focus of research is changing from 'Dumb' PV to 'Smart' PV. It is called Dumb because of great variations in electricity produced as a result of weather changes. However, Dumb PV cannot be dispatched centrally though power operators, we need Smart PV. There are many challenges, which would require attention for achieving this goal.

The second agenda point is 2. Infrastructure with regard to decentralized supply

Infrastructure development, particularly in reference to renewable energy sources always takes a back seat. We are familiar with infrastructure needs of grid connected power supply. Contrary to popular belief, in the decentralized mode of operation, it requires a strategy which can be based on future scenario of development within the framework of socio-ecological research. Due to intermittent nature of solar energy cost-effective storage becomes highly essential. Hybrid systems and a coupling of generators and service providers are required to be built for a sustainable energy supply.


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The next major agenda is3. Combined Heat and Power Systems

Combined Heat and Power systems can make a significant contribution toward sustainability, by increasing energy efficiency. We all agree that improving efficiency of energy use on demand side is possible up to 25 percent and would reduce CO2 emissions by same amount. Systems for electricity generation by solar and winds are flexible and need to be complimented by additional sources of electricity such as Natural gas. In addition, Micro-CHP is emerging as an extension of cogeneration approach for application in building sector. Micro generator Technology is the next generation high performance solar collector for roof top integration. Another example is Heliodynamic Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector (CLFR), a combined solar PV and heating system device. Its heat is used for preheating water say in a coal fired plant, while generating electricity.

The fourth point is 4. Research on Knowledge Based Technology Decisions

Understanding science of climate change has a research focus in countries across the world. From science to application of renewable energy as climate change mitigation option, would require further study. Solar energy accomplishments reduce CO2 emissions and achieving mission targets that can leads to cut in coal imports. However, there is hardly any research on social aspects of energy systems. How to select most appropriate option available at a place by considering local factors, besides those on issues related to cost reduction and decentralized solution, is a key question?, which need attention.

And the final Agenda point is 5. Clean Energy Policy Framework

Solar energy is high growth industry today. A dedicated organization for technology innovation and RD&D in CLEAN ENERGY, particularly solar energy can help accomplishing the gigantic targets set. A great deal of coordinated effort is required for interlinking State policies, National policies, Industry guidelines, incentives and investments. If there are some uniform guidelines to incentivize the growth of industry, whether it is nuclear or renewable, it would give a boost to clean and sustainable energy.

With these few remarks, we are once again thankful to India Energy Forum. Shri Amarjit Singh of India Energy Forum deserves special thanks for the Summit programme. We also thank our supporters to make it possible.

THANK YOU

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11th Sustainable Energy Summit Presentation of Mr. S. A. Bhardwaj, Director (Tech), NPCIL

11th Sustainable Energy SummitPresentation of Mr. S. A. Bhardwaj, Director (Tech), NPCIL

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11th Sustainable Energy SummitPresentation of Mr. Steve Kidd, Deputy Director General, WNA

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11th Sustainable Energy Summit Presentation of Mr. Steve Kidd, Deputy Director General, WNA

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11th Sustainable Energy SummitPresentation of Mr. R.C. Dhup, ED (IT & Nuclear), NTPC

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11th Sustainable Energy Summit Presentation of Mr. R.C. Dhup, ED (IT & Nuclear), NTPC

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11th Sustainable Energy SummitPresentation of Mr. R.C. Dhup, ED (IT & Nuclear), NTPC

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11th Sustainable Energy Summit Presentation of Mr. R.C. Dhup, ED (IT & Nuclear), NTPC

11th Sustainable Energy SummitPresentation of Prof. R. Rajaraman, Emeritus Professor of Physics, JNU

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11th Sustainable Energy Summit Presentation of Prof. R. Rajaraman, Emeritus Professor of Physics, JNU

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11th Sustainable Energy SummitPresentation of Mr. Ken Jackson, Managing Director, Nuvia India Pvt. Ltd

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11th Sustainable Energy Summit Presentation of Mr. Ken Jackson, Managing Director, Nuvia India Pvt. Ltd

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11th Sustainable Energy SummitPresentation of Mr. N. P. Singh, Scientist-G/Advisor, MNRE

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11th Sustainable Energy Summit Presentation of Mr. N. P. Singh, Scientist-G/Advisor, MNRE

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