Covalent Bonds Review Reactivity – Electron configuration – Stability Chemical bond Lewis dot...
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Transcript of Covalent Bonds Review Reactivity – Electron configuration – Stability Chemical bond Lewis dot...
![Page 1: Covalent Bonds Review Reactivity – Electron configuration – Stability Chemical bond Lewis dot symbol.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0221a28abf838cd3502/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Covalent Bonds
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Review
• Reactivity– Electron configuration – Stability
• Chemical bond• Lewis dot symbol
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Covalent bond
• Bond in which two valence electrons are shared by two atoms– Occurs with elements close to each other on the
periodic table– Ex: H2O, NH3 (ammonia), CH4 (methane)
– Between a nonmetal and a nonmetal
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3 Types of Covalent Bonds
• Single Covalent Bond• Double Covalent Bond• Triple Covalent Bond
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3 Pencil Demo for Single, Double and Triple Covent bonds
• Make as many observations as you cani.e. facial expressions, body position, muscles
used, noises made, force or energy exerted, etc.
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Single Covalent Bonds
• Each atom shares one pair of electrons• Each atom shares 2 electrons• Longest bond• Weakest bond of the three
H—H
Lewis Structur
e
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Double Covalent Bonds
• In a double bond, each atom shares two pairs of electrons
• Each atom shares 4 electrons• Medium length bond• Medium strength bond
Lewis Structur
e
O2
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Triple Covalent Bond
• In a triple covalent bond, each atom shares three pairs of electrons
• Each atom shares 6 electrons• The shortest bond• The strongest bond• Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur can form
double and triple covalent bonds
N2
Lewis Structur
e
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Strength of Covalent Bond
• Several factors control bond strength—Number of shared electrons-the more
electrons shared, greater the bond—Size of the atom—Bond length – the greater the bond length,
the weaker the bond
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SubstanceMolecule• Two or more atoms
chemically bonded together
Compound• Two or more elements
chemically bonded together
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MoleculesDiatomic
CO
HCl
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Memeorize Diatomic Elements
– elements that exist as two
H2, O2, N2, Cl2, Br2, I2, F2
– HONClBrIF– Magnificent 7-don’t forget H
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MoleculesPolyatomic
O3
H2ONH3
CO2
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CompoundMolecular Compound
HCl CO
H2ONH3
CO2
Binary Molecular Compound
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Covalent Molecule Properties
• Covalent molecular solids tend to be soft solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature
• Low melting and boiling points• Poor conductors of heat and electricity• Non-electrolytes – do not conduct electricity
in water