DK

COUNTRYPROFILE DENMARK

CONTENTS<<COUNTRY>>

IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook, Talent & Digital 2020: summaries

WORLD COMPETITIVENESSRANKING 2020

All data are available from theWorld Competitiveness Online.

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BASIC FACTSCapital

Land area (square km '000) 432019

Exchange Rate (per $) 6.6692019

Population - market size (millions) 5.812019 47

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions) 348.12019 37

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$) 55,0272019 14

Real GDP growth (%) 2.42019 25

Consumer price inflation (%) 0.732019 17

Unemployment rate (%) 5.102019 34

Labor force (millions) 2.932019 47

Current account balance (% of GDP) 7.862019 6

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn) 114.52018 41

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP) -1.862019 59

PEER GROUPS RANKINGSEUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries) POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (34 countries)

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL

DENMARKOVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries) Rank

Copenhagen

CHALLENGES IN 2020Provide support to distressed companies through the difficult

times with coronavirus.

Confederation of Danish Industry

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

6 7 68

2

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

15

24 2327

41

4

40

1 2 41

8 8

1 3 4 59

2 1

Dom

estic

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Inte

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Empl

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Pric

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Publ

ic F

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Tax

Polic

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Inst

itutio

nal F

ram

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k

Busi

ness

Leg

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tion

Soci

etal

Fra

mew

ork

Prod

uctiv

ity &

Effi

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Labo

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arke

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Fina

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Man

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ent

Prac

tices

Att

itude

s an

d V

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Basi

c In

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Tech

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gica

l Inf

rast

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Scie

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Hea

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Educ

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Economic Performance Government Efficiency Business Efficiency Infrastructure

3 4 35

1

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

5 6 57

2

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

• Provide support to distressed companies through the difficult times with coronavirus.

• Boost investments in green growth.• Focus on boosting activity after the crisis through fiscal stimulus

that increases the long-term growth potential (e.g. infrastructure, digitalization, tax cuts).

• Reduce taxation on companies to increase investments and strengthen competitiveness.

• Support Danish companies in their sales to export markets.

Provided by:Confederation of Danish Industry

IMPROVEMENTSWCY 2019

WCY 2020 DECLINES

WCY 2019

2.1.02 Government budget surplus/deficit (%) 0.51 3.66 1.1.18 Gross fixed capital formation - real growth 5.05

1.1.15 Real GDP growth per capita 0.86 1.93 2.5.02 Homicide 0.98

3.2.14 Labor force long-term growth 0.88 1.85 4.1.07 Population - growth 0.56

2.3.08 Exchange rate stability 0.045 0.006 1.4.09 Youth unemployment 9.37

1.1.14 Real GDP growth 1.4 2.4 2.3.07 Foreign currency reserves per capita 12,271

1.2.02 Current account balance 6.13 7.86 2.5.12 Unemployment rate - gender ratio 1.05

1.4.08 Long-term unemployment 1.10 0.80 4.5.08 Higher education achievement 46.6

1.4.04 Employment - long-term growth 2.67 3.29 3.3.17 Venture capital 6.66

4.3.18 Number of patents in force 792.9 961.2 1.5.01 Consumer price inflation 0.71

3.3.10 Stock market capitalization (%) 105.71 127.46 4.5.10 Student mobility inbound 5.96

4.2.16 High-tech exports (%) 11.56 13.86 1.1.20 GDP per capita 60,767

4.4.23 Environment-related technologies 1.01 1.20 3.2.06 Working hours 1,404

2.4.18 Immigration laws 5.46 6.32 4.5.01 Total public expenditure on education 6.5

3.3.07 Regulatory compliance (banking laws) 7.17 8.10 4.3.05 Business expenditure on R&D (%) 1.97

3.4.05 Corporate boards 6.74 7.54 4.4.19 Forest area growth 4.3

COMPETITIVENESS EVOLUTION & ATTRACTIVENESS INDICATORS

DENMARKCOMPETITIVENESS EVOLUTION

3.35

11,508

1.10

44.8

6.44

0.73

5.84

1.95

The criteria below highlight the 15 biggest Improvements and the 15 biggest Declines in the overall performance of the economy. They are

determined by the largest percentage changes in the value of each criterion from one yearbook to the next.

WCY 2020

4.2

KEY ATTRACTIVENESS INDICATORSFrom a list of 15 indicators, respondents of the Executive Opinion Survey were asked to select 5 that they perceived as the key

attractiveness factors of their economy. The chart shows the percentage of responses per indicator from the highest number of responses

to the lowest.

1.24

0.43

10.00

59,951

1,388

6.4

0.0%4.2%9.3%11.0%16.1%17.8%33.1%36.4%38.1%39.0%39.8%44.1%62.7%68.6%72.9%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Competitive tax regimeCost competitiveness

Competency of governmentQuality of corporate governance

Access to financingDynamism of the economy

Open and positive attitudesStrong R&D culture

Business-friendly environmentEffective labor relations

Effective legal environmentReliable infrastructure

Skilled workforceHigh educational level

Policy stability & predictability

WORLD COMPETITIVENESSDIGITAL RANKING 2020

All data are available from theWorld Competitiveness Online.

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Alpha AlphaLabelBeta BetaLabel Gamma GammaLabel1 2 2 2 2 2 24 4 4 2 2

6.5 4 4 2 28.5 4 4 2 211 4 4 2 2

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

8 5 4 4 3

8 8 8 6 6

12 10 10 11 9

6 1 1 2 1

OVERALL

Future readiness

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS

EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries) POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (34 countries)

COMPETITIVENESS & DIGITAL RANKINGS

Technology

DIGITAL TRENDS - OVERALL

DENMARK

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

OVERALL & FACTORS - 5 years

Knowledge

8

54 4

3

67

6

8

2

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Digital

Competitiveness

53 2 2 1

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

64 3 3 2

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

6 4 9 15

9 4 23 63

1 2 5 1

Knowledge Talent Training & education Scientific concentration

Technology Regulatory framework Capital Technological framework

Future readiness Adaptive attitudes Business agility IT integrationThe direction of the triangle indicates the performance change from the last year: improved or stabledeclined

Overall Factors Sub-Factors

N.B. This graph provides only a comparison of the country’s performance in the two rankings.

u Overall top strengths

w Overall top weaknesses

Subfactors 2016 2017 2018 2019 20208 6 6 6 4

7 5 3 6 9

18 19 14 17 15

Talent Rank Rank Rank

Educational assessment PISA - Math 12 u 1 9 International experience 10 6 u 1 Foreign highly-skilled personnel 19 27 33 Management of cities 2 4 w 49 Digital/Technological skills 5 w 45 19 Net flow of international students 7 22 w 38 27

Subfactors 2016 2017 2018 2019 20209 8 8 10 4

26 25 22 27 23

8 5 5 8 6

Regulatory framework Rank Rank Rank

Starting a business 26 w 46 2 Enforcing contracts 13 6 8 Immigration laws 20 11 9 Development & application of tech. 3 u 1 8 Scientific research legislation 4 13 7 Intellectual property rights 1 w 35 29

Subfactors 2016 2017 2018 2019 20205 1 5 1 2

15 11 6 10 5

10 11 5 1 1

Adaptive attitudes Rank Rank Rank

E-Participation 9 3 u 1 Internet retailing 4 30 5 Tablet possession 19 2 12 Smartphone possession 10 12 8u Attitudes toward globalization 1 3 -

Training & education Scientific concentration

Talent

Robots in Education and R&D

IT integration

Business agility IT integration

Scientific concentration

Capital Technological framework

FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES

DENMARK

FUTURE READINESS

TECHNOLOGY

Technological framework

Opportunities and threats E-GovernmentWorld robots distribution Public-private partnerships

IT & media stock market capitalization Communications technology

Regulatory framework

Capital

KNOWLEDGE

Entrepreneurial fear of failure

Agility of companies Cyber securityUse of big data and analytics Software piracyKnowledge transfer

Adaptive attitudes

Business agility

Venture capital Internet bandwidth speedInvestment in Telecommunications High-tech exports (%)

Funding for technological development Mobile Broadband subscribersBanking and financial services Wireless broadbandCountry credit rating Internet users

Training & education

Employee training Total expenditure on R&D (%)Total public expenditure on education Total R&D personnel per capitaHigher education achievement Female researchersPupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education) R&D productivity by publicationGraduates in Sciences Scientific and technical employmentWomen with degrees High-tech patent grants

WORLD TALENTRANKING 2020

All data are available from theWorld Competitiveness Online.

Visit our eShop

Alpha AlphaLabel Beta BetaLabel Gamma GammaLabel1 2 2 2 2 2 24 4 4 2 2

Value

6.4 % 6 15,346 US$ 6 11.91 ratio 13 11.31 ratio 25 6.90 Survey [0..10] 4u 7.80 Survey [0..10] 1 47.63 % 13 8.88 Survey [0..10] 3

Value

w 97.30 index 53u 8.32 Survey [0..10] 1u 8.22 Survey [0..10] 1u 8.09 Survey [0..10] 1 9.78 Survey [0..10] 2 6.58 Survey [0..10] 19 58,896 US$ 5 227,770 US$ 16w 29.43 % 61 9.15 Survey [0..10] 1 10.35 micrograms 14

Value

1.31 % 21 7.14 Survey [0..10] 6 8.10 Survey [0..10] 2 6.69 Survey [0..10] 10 7.29 Survey [0..10] 4 8.71 Survey [0..10] 4w 22.20 % 39 8.83 Survey [0..10] 2 8.31 Survey [0..10] 2u 9.19 Survey [0..10] 1 5.76 number 11 501 Average 17

Investment & Development 2020 Rank

Health infrastructure meets the needs of society

2020 Rank

Total public expenditure on education Percentage of GDP

ApprenticeshipsEmployee training is a high priority in companies

Readiness 2020 Rank

Educational assessment - PISA PISA survey of 15-year olds

Appeal

Exposure to particle pollution Mean population exposure to PM2.5, Micrograms per cubic metre

Labor force growth Percentage change

Index of a basket of goods & services in the main city, including housing (New York City = 100)

Skilled labor is readily available

Cost-of-living index

Female labor force Percentage of total labor force

Pupil-teacher ratio (secondary education) Ratio of students to teaching staff

are sufficiently implemented

Total public exp. on education per student Spending per enrolled pupil/student, all levels

Pupil-teacher ratio (primary education) Ratio of students to teaching staff

Management education meets the needs of the business community

Language skills are meeting the needs of enterprises

Student mobility inbound Foreign tertiary-level students per 1000 inhabitants

Primary and secondary education meets the needs of a competitive economy

Graduates in Sciences % of graduates in ICT, Engineering, Math & Natural Sciences

University education meets the needs of a competitive economy

Finance skills are readily available

International experience of senior managers is generally significant

Competent senior managers are readily available

Justice is fairly administered

Gross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, US$

Remuneration of management Total base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$

Effective personal income tax rate Percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita

Attracting and retaining talents is a priority in companies

Worker motivation in companies is high

Brain drain (well-educated and skilled people) does not hinder competitiveness in your economy

Quality of life is high

Foreign highly-skilled personnel are attracted to your country's business environment

Remuneration in services professions

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

IMD World Talent Ranking 2020

DENMARK

2 2 2 2 2

1 1 1 1

2

11

10

7

11

8

4 4

8

6 6

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Overall

Investment &Development

Appeal

Readiness

2

82

6

Investment & Development

Appeal

Readiness

The direction of the triangle indicates the performance change from the last year: improved or stabledeclined

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IMD WORLDTALENTRANKING 2020

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