Name: _______________________________________________ Period: __________

Age of Exploration and Absolutism Unit Reading

Directions: Look over the whole Unit Reading before starting, remember you need the # packet

1. Read the inserts below – Cervantes, Hobbes, Locke2. Section A: Answer the questions based on the Age of Exploration / Age of Discovery3. Section B: Answer the questions focused on pages 11 thru 24 (# packet)4. Section C: Complete the Change Over Time (COT) chart for the provided time period, see directions 5. Section D: Complete the questions about the Thirty Years’ War, will need textbook

Section A: Remember to use complete sentences and specific details as evidence, avoid generalizations 1. Using THREE key examples, describe the impact Columbian Exchange had on European landscape.

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The frontispiece of Leviathan, by Thomas Hobbes, 1651. Leviathan was a justification for absolutism (the exercise of unrestricted power by a government). In it, Hobbes argued that human beings have an inherent tendency toward aggressiveness and competitiveness that puts one and all in a life-and- death struggle and that requires the intervention of a monarch whose powers are unlimited. Hobbes most innovative aspect was his presentation of human nature, rather than divine right, as the basis of royal rule. This engraving shows the

Don Quixote and his squire Sancho Panza. Don Quixote de la Mancha was the greatest work of Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616). When first published in 1605, it was intended as a parody about chivalry. The protagonist is a knight who repeatedly fails, but persists in his battle against injustice. The work fuses Renaissance humanist ideas with the disillusionment

John Locke (1632-1704) was an English philosopher and political theorist. In his Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690), which dealt with how the mind arrives at knowledge, Locke rejected the notion of innate ideas, and posited instead a dependence on sensual experience and reflection. In Two Treatises on Civil Government, he argued, in opposition to Hobbes, that humankind is happy, good, and rational by nature. More importantly, he proposed that governments be based on consent,

2. Identify and explain TWO significant impacts that exploration, 1450 to 1650, had on the European economy. Identify and explain ONE significant impact exploration, 1450 to 1650, had on the Americas, namely the Caribbean (West Indies).

3. What stood out to you about the Age of Exploration? – list two points, you may bullet

Section B: Remember to use complete sentences and specific details as evidence, avoid generalizations

4. What was the main theme of the passage Astride the World: The Age of Monarchies? This may be one detailed sentence

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5. Choose one of the monarchs below and explain TWO ways in which he embodied the dynastic struggles that were occurring in the mid to late 16th and early 17th centuries. Choose ANOTHER monarch and explain ONE way in which he demonstrates the new national monarchies. Francis I Henry VIII Charles V

6. Identify TWO key factors that Louis XIV utilized to demonstrate his embodiment of the Divine Right of Kings and then by focusing on the Palace of Versailles use ONE specific example to explain how his residence him to “exert political control” over the French nobles.

7. What was the Edict of Nantes? Why did Louis XIV revoke it? This may be one detailed sentence

8. What family was Peter the Great from, what dynasty? – one word answer needed

9. Analyze TWO factors that explain why there was a discrepancy between what Peter the Great envisioned as a newly westernized Russia and what his legacy would be. Choose ONE action that Peter the Great took to subdue the boyars and connect this to one of the two factors.

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10. Document A: Mercantilism and War

Define Mercantilism:

Who was Jean-Baptiste Colbert?

What was the main idea of Colbert’s memorandum to Louis XIV? This may be one detailed sentence

11. Document B: Absolutism and Patriarchy

Define Patriarchy and Divine Right of Kings, how are they connected?

What is the main idea of Boussuet’s article? This may be one detailed sentence

Section C: CSPER – Change Over Time (seeing the changes that occur and discovering connections) fill this out as well as you can, we will discuss and complete as a class, you need to start it, Provide three facts per box, I provided some examples to guide you

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1598 to 1715 (death of Louis XIV) - - - France and England

Why choose 1598 as the entry point? Why choose 1715 as the exit point?

Culture –Art

Literature

Art – the emergence of Mannerism gave way to Baroque art (also the name of the era) – Baroque art truly represented the rise of the power of the monarchs and their power – i.e. Louis XIV and the Palace of Versailles, Protestant and Catholic art clearly diverged with the focuses varying depending upon what country one lived in In literature Don Quixote was published which was parody of chivalry and the nobility, Hobbes and Locke published their great works, Montaigne published his works before this, but established the foundation of the modern essay The emergence of Scientific Societies – England (under Charles II) The Royal Society in 1662 and in France The French Royal Academy of Louis XIII (focused on art) gave way to the study of Art and ScienceThe emergence of the Modern Theatre occurred with Shakespeare (before chart) however its height of popularity happened in the late 16th century and early 17th century – no need to add anymore

Social –GenderFamily

Children

Period will witness the emergence of the middle class – will not be fully established until the mid to late 1700’sThe raising of children will change – remember the various docs you read for the first DBQMid Wives will give way to doctors (more hospitals will be established) – this will limit the independent economic roles of women and their role in the public sphere Serfdom still exists in large parts of Europe, England has moved towards peasantryThe Witch Craze / Witch Hunts emerged – large scale persecution of witches (mostly women)There will be a focus on etiquette (remember handout) and roles of men and womenThe increase of orphanages also demonstrated the rise of premarital sex since individuals were marrying later (those below the nobility – no need to add anymore

Political

Economic

Religion

Key Changes(for you)

List One

Key Continuities(for you)

List One

Section D: Briefly answer the questions; however use complete thoughts and specific facts

12. Briefly explain the causes of the Thirty Years’ War - This may be one detailed sentence

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13. Briefly explain the four periods of the Thirty Years’ War – You may bullet

The Bohemian PeriodDates

The Danish PeriodDates

The Swedish PeriodDates

The Swedish – French PeriodDates

14. Define the Treaty of Westphalia and explain what it did for various groups in Europe - This may be one detailed sentence

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