Côte d’IvoireConnor Lee

Côte d’Ivoire: Basic FactsOfficial Name: Republic of Côte d’Ivoire

Government: Presidential Republic

Official Language: French

Independence: August 7, 1960 from France

Post-Colonial Rule: 1960s-1970s

Félix Houphouët-Boigny

One Party Rule

1979 – cocoa producer

Post-colonial stability

Ethnic harmony

Economic success

1980s and Early 1990s

World recession and local drought

Crime in Abidjan dramatically rose

Introduction of multi-party system

1993, Houphouët-Boigny’s death

Successor: Henri Konan Bédié

Secured re-election by jailing opposition

Ivoirité Defined Ivoirian nationality

Excluded many immigrants and the Muslim minority in the north

Opposite to Houphouët-Boigny’s approach

Excluded his rival Alassane Ouattara

1999 Coup d'état Bédié excluded any possible

opponents from the army

Robert Guéï replaced Bédié

Reduction in crime and corruption

2000 Presidential Election Constitution excluded Alassane Ouattara

Guéï was replaced by Laurent Gbagbo

Explosion of political tension

No legitimate democratic institution

First Ivorian Civil War 2002 troop mutiny into civil war by FNCI

Most fighting ended 2004, but peace agreement made 2007

More civil unrest followed

2010 Presidential Election Alassane Ouattara recognized internationally as

winner of the October 2010 election

Laurent Gbagbo’s supporters charged fraud on the northern departments of the election

Gbagbo and Ouattara each had their own inauguration

Many refugees fled the country

Second Ivorian Civil War The 2010 Presidential Election led to another civil

war

After four months, Ouattara’s forces overtook the south and captured Gbagbo

Ouattara finally took office in May 2011

Laurent Gbagbo was sent to the International Criminal Court in November 2011

Personalistic Rule Félix Houphouët-Boigny hailed for creating a

model state but failed at having a sustainable model after his death

Henri Konan Bédié saw deterioration of his state

Neopatrimonial favoritism and clientelism exposed when economy declined

Robert Guéï preferred promoting unity and development under single-party regime

Laurent Gbagbo placed political and economic resources on the side of non-Muslims

Rankings HDI in 2013 - 0.452 (171st /187)

Gini in 2008 - 41.5 (medium)

World Bank Corruption Ranking in 2011 – 38th/49 African countries

Transparency International in 2014 – 32/100 115st/175 22nd/47 in Sub-Saharan Africa

Millennium Challenge Corporation

American Government Agency

Delivers Aid on the basis of countries who qualify on levels of: Economic freedom Investing in its people Ruling justly

Côte d’Ivoire’s level of corruption does not satisfy the requirement in the “Ruling justly” category

Côte d’Ivoire’s Future Doudou Diène, an independent expert on Human

Rights in the country, reported to the United Nations

He recognized that what’s needed is building an inclusive democracy supported by equitable justice

Justice will be built on democratic reconstruction and national reconciliation

Bibliography http://africanworldpolitics.site.wesleyan.edu/2014/

09/23/neo-patrimonialism-and-political-culture-cote-divoire/

http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=45155#.VUJt-61Vikp

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13287216

http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/cotedivoire

http://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/answer/overview_of_corruption_and_anti_corruption_in_cote_divoire

http://www.hrw.org/world-report/2014/country-chapters/cote-d-ivoire 17