Costa Rica - World Bankspappssecext.worldbank.org/sites/indc/PDF_Library/CR.pdf · 2016. 10....

Costa Rica

Acknowledgments

The (I)NDC Content Briefs were produced by the Climate Policy

Team of the World Bank Climate Change Group. The team was led

by Sebastian Wienges and Ana Bucher under the supervision of

Stephen Alan Hammer. Detail analysis of country (I)NDC was

provided by Tom Witt, Jiawei Song, Karan Chouksey (mitigation

components), Yin Qiu, Yunziyi Lang, and Prajwal Baral (adaptation

components). The team is grateful for all comments and

suggestions received from regional and sector specialists

regarding the presentation and synthesis of relevant information.

© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN | Costa Rica | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Introduction In response to a growing interest in understanding (Intended) Nationally DeterminedContributions ((I)NDCs) and with regard to the ultimate goal of supporting countries'implementation of their national climate targets, the World Bank Climate Policy Team (WBCPT) has

reviewed all developing countries (I)NDCs' submitted to the UNFCCC. The (I)NDC Content Brief

aims to provide a summary analysis of existing and instead country mitigation and adaptation

policies and plans, commitments and targets, implementation strategies and sector priorities,

associated costs and conditionalities, and stated gaps and needs, among other issues.

The (I)NDC content briefs are created solely on the basis of information from submitted(I)NDCs and makes no inferences about robustness, quality, or viability of intended policiesor actions.

The (I)NDCs review will help implementing organizations like the World Bank Group (WBG) identify

and familiarize with a range of country priorities in terms of sectoral engagement, and needs in

terms of capacity building, technology transfer, and financing. Based on this comprehensive

mapping exercise, the WBG will develop a useful, easytouse, and interactive database and briefs

of all (I)NDCs to inform a wide range of WBG initiatives and client engagement processes, including

the development of Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) and Country Partnership Frameworks

(CPFs), and at a later stage respond to the more specific requests from all WBG Global Practices

(GPs), regions, and country units for the identification of potential development opportunities,

analytical studies and technical assistance to support countries' implementation of planned policies

and actions. Indepth summaries of (I)NDCs by sectors and regions will be prepared at a later stage.

In regards to Adaptation, although no global adaptation mechanism is established, the ParisAgreement parties are required to engage in adaptation planning and implementation of actions

which include preparation of adaptation plans. The Adaptation section of a large number of

submitted (I)NDCs, aims to increase development planning and scale the ability of countries to

adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse

gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten sustainable development. In

addition to requested finance, the implementation of country commitments is largely tied to

significant amounts of external assistance to support development and execution of adaptation

plans. Although subsequent (I)NDCs are not explicitly required to have an adaptation component,

the process will ensure increased resilience is recognized under the UNFCCC and climate finance

mobilization is enhanced with an aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and mitigation flows.



Table of Contents

I Overall Planning and Preparation Process

II Mitigation

Economywide Targets

Economywide Policies

Mitigation Actions and Policies

III Adaptation

Adaptation Targets

Adaptation Context

Adaptation Actions and Policies

Acronyms

BAU Business as Usual NAMA Nationally Appropriate MitigationActions

CIFPPCR Climate Investment Funds PilotProgram for Climate Resilience

NAP National Adaptation Plan

DRM Disaster Risk Management NAPA National Adaptation Programmesof Action

INDC Intended Nationally DeterminedContributions

REDD+ Reducing emissions fromdeforestation and forestdegradation and the role ofconservation, sustainablemanagement of forests andenhancement of forest carbonstocks in developing countries

LEDS Low Emission DevelopmentStrategy

LULUCF Land Use and Land Use Changeand Forestry

|

|

|



Overall Planning and

Preparation Process

How reliable is the prioritization of the (I)NDC? How serious is thegovernment about implementing policies and actions to achieve the (I)NDCtargets?

Political decision of adoption of INDC at:Head of state level

Interministerial level

Parliament

Ministry LevelMINISTRY OFENVIROMENT ANDENERGY

Technical development of INDC through a participatory processStakeholder involvement YES

Multisector commision YES

Have development benefits been assessed and considered in the planningprocess?

Are there climate policies and actions already in place/under development?

LEDS YES

NAMAS

NAPA


$N/A

(in Billion USD)

TOTAL COST OF

IMPLEMENTATION (mitigation and adaptation)


Existing policies:National Adaptation Plan (NAP) (In Preparation)

National Climate Change Strategy

Green and Inclusive Development policy

Has the INDC development been supported by a development partner?Technical support GERMANY THROUGH GIZ

Financial support

Implementation Plans and Needs

Specific requests for international provision of means of implementation:

Technology Transfer YES

Financial support YES

Capacity Building YES

Does the INDC intend the private sector to be involved in theimplementation of the NDC?

Are carbon pricing/international market mechanisms intended?YES

Are there any barriers identified?

Link list:• Costa Rica INDC Factsheet (projected per capita emissions): http://www.climateenergycollege.net/files/site1/factsheets/CostaRica_INDCFactsheet_UoMPRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf • Climate Action Tracker Costa Rica (assessment of Costa Rica's INDC): http://climateactiontracker.org/countries/costarica.html


http://www.climate-energy-college.net/files/site1/factsheets/CostaRica_INDCFactsheet_UoM-PRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf

http://climateactiontracker.org/countries/costarica.html

-25% (-44% below the BAU)

n/a

n/a

n/a


Mitigation

ECONOMY-WIDE TARGETS

Conditionality: INDC page link

Unconditional part of mitigation target:Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:Estimated costs for implementation:

Coverage of Gases: CO , CH , N O, HFCs, PFCs, SF

Other Targets: balance 021 emissions at the same level of 2005

POLICIES:

TARGET YEAR

2030TARGET TYPE

9.374Absolute Emission Reduction

(MtCO2eq per year)

2012

N/A(in Billion USD)

COST OFIMPLEMENTATION

TARGET YEAR

2030TARGET TYPE

-25%Absolute Emission ReductionCompared to Base Year (%)

2012

N/A(in Billion USD)


TARGET YEAR

2030TARGET TYPE

-44%Relative Emission Reduction

Compared to BAU (%)

2012

N/A(in Billion USD)


2 4 2 6

2

Enhance carbon sinks

The National Low Carbon Livestock Strategy

The VIIth National Energy Plan 2015-2031

The VIIth National Energy Plan 2015-2030


n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a


MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESLULUCF/FORESTRY

Policies: INDC page link

Enhance carbon sinks P. 12

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:


Emission reduction potential:

Plans:

LULUCF/Forestry: General P. 12

REDD+ P. 13

Reforestation P. 12


http://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Costa%20Rica/1/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf#page=12





MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESAGRICULTURE Plans:

Livestock P. 12

Agriculture: General P. 7




n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a


MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

LIVESTOCKPolicies: INDC page link

The National Low Carbon Livestock Strategy P. 13



Technology needs:








n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a



SOLID WASTEActions: INDC page link

Integrated Waste Management system P. 14



Technology needs:









MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESTRANSPORT Plans:

Public Transport P. 7

Rail P. 12

Non-Motorized Transport P. 12

Transport: General P. 8






n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a



PUBLIC

TRANSPORTActions: INDC page link

Implement an Integrated Public Transportation System P. 13



Technology needs:









MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESENERGY Plans:

Energy Efficiency P. 7

Energy: General P. 8

Renewable Energy




n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a



ENERGY

EFFICIENCYPolicies: INDC page link

The VIIth National Energy Plan 2015-2030 P. 8



Technology needs:








n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a



RENEWABLE

ENERGYTargets: INDC page link

100% renewable in energy mix by 2030 P. 2



Technology needs:






Policies: INDC page link

The VIIth National Energy Plan 2015-2031 P. 8



Technology needs:










MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESINDUSTRIES Plans:

Industries: General P. 12



N/A

N/A


Adaptation

ADAPTATION TARGETS

ADAPTATION CONTEXT

Existing National Development/Resilience Policies and Plans

National Communications

NAPs YES

NAPAS

CIF-PPCRs

Sectoral Strategies

Cross-cutting

GREEN AND INCLUSIVEDEVELOPMENT POLICYNATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGESTRATEGY

Conditionality:

Unconditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional upon international provision of meansof implementation

TARGET YEAR

2030N/A

(in Billion USD)



n/a

n/a

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a


ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

DISASTER RISK

MANAGEMENT (DRM)

MONITORING AND

EVALUATION

SYSTEM

Policy: INDC page link

P. 16

Finalizing its National Disaster Risk Management Policy 2016-2030 with thefollowing pillars Risk Reduction, Disaster Response and Readiness, andDisaster Recovery, with climate change adaptation as a cross-cutting issue.

Actions:

CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Design of a national vulnerability monitoring program for infrastructureduring floods, drought, landslides and sea level rising.

P. 17

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:




n/a

n/a







SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

POVERTY

REDUCTION

Policy: INDC page link

P. 16

Green and Inclusive Development (GDI)

Actions:


Promote Green and Inclusive Development (DVI), which favors theimplementation of sustainable productive systems, in rural areas with lowerhuman development indexes and vulnerable to climate change in priorityproductive territories over a 10 year period between 2016 and 2026.

P. 16

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation












HEALTH

HEALTH SERVICES

AND ASSESSMENT

Target: INDC page link

By 2030, increase the sewer and storm drain coverage, maintenance andsustainability up to a 90%;

Set an environmental health surveillance program by 2018.




n/a

n/a

n/a







ENVIRONMENT

ECOSYSTEM AND

BIODIVERSITY

Actions:

UNCONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

National Protected Area System (SINAC) was established which, today,

covers 26.5% of the national territory, reforesting and private land forestmanagement was promoted and facilitated;

Environmental Services Payment program was created and land usechanges of forest lands were prohibited by law;

FONAFIFO’s Environmental Services Payments program and the ForestCertification program as a mechanism to promote the sustainabledevelopment forest resources and effective protection of water sourcesfor all 81 counties of Costa Rica; the promotion of the National BiologicalCorridor System and the National Protected Areas System (SINAC).

P. 17

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





adaptation fund

n/a

n/a







CROSS-CUTTING AREA

CAPACITY

BUILDING AND

KNOWLEDGE

TRANSFER

Actions:

UNCONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Since 2014, Fundecooperación has been implementing a program financedby the Adaptation Fund which will provide resources and technicalassistance to over 30 community based adaptation projects.

P. 16

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







WATER

WATER SUPPLY

Actions:


Community based Adaptation seek looking to empower the population toface climate change impacts, by increasing the resilience agricultureproducers, developing safeguards for securing water supply and sustainablecoastal zone development.

P. 16

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







COASTAL ZONE

COASTAL

MANAGEMENT

Actions:



P. 16

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







AGRICULTURE

CLIMATE SMART

AGRICULTURE

Actions:



P. 16

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





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