Cost-Benefit of Passive Fire Protection in Steel Framed Buildings · 2019. 4. 9. · Cost-Benefit...
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Student: Kiana Nieves Advisor: Spencer Quiel, PhD, PE Cost-Benefit of Passive Fire Protection in Steel Framed Buildings Acknowledgement(s): David and Lorraine Freed Undergraduate Research Symposium, Lehigh Univ. Clare Booth Luce Program, Lehigh University INTRODUCTION Every building has a fire protection requirement based on the type of construction (occupancy, usage, etc.). Currently, a prescriptive approach is use to design fire protection of buildings. Performance based design, or structural fire engineering, is an emerging approach to fire protection which requires an engineer to have the primary role in design. This new approach could allow for fire protection to be optimized based on how the structural elements would perform under fire conditions. A realistic fire curve could allow for the reduction of passive fire protection on filler floor beams (i.e. secondary framing) and, ultimately, decrease construction costs and positively affect the construction schedule. Goal: To assess the cost-benefit of passive fire protection applied to secondary framing members of a Type I-B office building. Lehigh University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering q Type I-B Construction q 8-Story Mixed-Use Building q 12 ft story-height q 15ft x 15ft Compartment Size q Window Opening on 1 Wall q 3 Secondary Framing Members: q W14x22, W16X26, W18X35 W14x22 Fire with Sprinklers CONCLUSIONS Considering the construction implications and the influence of passive (insulation) vs. active (sprinklers) protection, it may be possible to reduce the amount of fire protection on secondary framing members and still maintain an acceptable level of life safety (i.e. with conservative time of egress) during a fire event. REFERENCES q AISC Design Guide 19: Fire Resistance q 2018 International Building Code q ASCE Standard 29-05 q ASTM Standard E119-14 q 2017 UL Fire Resistance Directory q Amy Kordosky, M.S. Structural Eng. Thesis, Lehigh Univ., 2017 METHODS Gather building costs, plans, and information Estimate cost of overall fire protection and the contribution from primary and secondary framing members Build a sample compartment in Ozone and compare exposure to fire curves with and without sprinklers. Analyze data and evaluate fire protection on secondary framing members Ozone Program FUTURE WORK q Evaluate the influence of the slab-beam composite interaction on the fire resistance of secondary filler beams. q Determine damage thresholds that correspond to engineered levels of fire protection. q Use cost and labor estimates as variables in fire protection selection based on engineered performance. Fire with No Sprinklers W16x26 W18x35 EXAMPLE BUILDING COST ESTIMATING Passive Protection, Primary Framing: $105,200 Passive Protection, Secondary Framing: $67,800 Active Protection (Sprinklers, Alarms, etc.): $154,600 Overall Fire Protection: $327,600 FILLER BEAM ANALYSIS 1991 Fire at One Meridian Plaza, Philadelphia, PA 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 50 100 150 200 Temperature (℃) Time (min) Fire Curve Unprotected Fully Protected Half Protected 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 50 100 150 200 Temperature (℃) Time (min) Fire Curve Unprotected Fully Protected Half Protected 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 0 50 100 150 200 Temperature (℃) Time (min) Fire Curve Unprotected Fully Protected Half Protected 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 50 100 150 200 Temperature (℃) Time (min) Fire Curve Unprotected Fully Protected Half Protected 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 0 50 100 150 200 Temperature (℃) Time (min) Fire Curve Unprotected Fully Protected Half Protected
Transcript of Cost-Benefit of Passive Fire Protection in Steel Framed Buildings · 2019. 4. 9. · Cost-Benefit...
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Student: Kiana Nieves Advisor: Spencer Quiel, PhD, PE
Cost-Benefit of Passive Fire Protection in Steel Framed Buildings
Acknowledgement(s):David and Lorraine Freed Undergraduate Research Symposium, Lehigh Univ.
Clare Booth Luce Program, Lehigh University
INTRODUCTIONEvery building has a fire protection requirementbased on the type of construction (occupancy,usage, etc.). Currently, a prescriptive approach isuse to design fire protection of buildings.Performance based design, or structural fireengineering, is an emerging approach to fireprotection which requires an engineer to have theprimary role in design. This new approach couldallow for fire protection to be optimized based onhow the structural elements would perform underfire conditions. A realistic fire curve could allowfor the reduction of passive fire protection on fillerfloor beams (i.e. secondary framing) and,ultimately, decrease construction costs andpositively affect the construction schedule.
Goal: To assess the cost-benefit of passive fire protection applied to secondary framing members of a Type I-B office building.
Lehigh University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
q Type I-B Constructionq 8-Story Mixed-Use Buildingq 12 ft story-heightq 15ft x 15ft Compartment Size
q Window Opening on 1 Wallq 3 Secondary Framing Members:
q W14x22, W16X26, W18X35
W14
x22
Fire with Sprinklers
CONCLUSIONSConsidering the construction implications and the influence ofpassive (insulation) vs. active (sprinklers) protection, it may bepossible to reduce the amount of fire protection on secondaryframing members and still maintain an acceptable level of lifesafety (i.e. with conservative time of egress) during a fire event.
REFERENCESq AISC Design Guide 19: Fire Resistanceq 2018 International Building Codeq ASCE Standard 29-05q ASTM Standard E119-14q 2017 UL Fire Resistance Directoryq Amy Kordosky, M.S. Structural Eng. Thesis, Lehigh Univ., 2017
METHODS
Gather building costs, plans, and information
Estimate cost of overall fire protection and the
contribution from primary and secondary
framing members
Build a sample compartment in Ozone and compare exposure to fire curves with and
without sprinklers.
Analyze data and evaluate fire protection on secondary
framing members
Ozone Program
FUTURE WORKq Evaluate the influence of the slab-beam composite interaction
on the fire resistance of secondary filler beams.q Determine damage thresholds that correspond to engineered
levels of fire protection.q Use cost and labor estimates as variables in fire protection
selection based on engineered performance.
Fire with No Sprinklers
W16
x26
W18
x35
EXAMPLE BUILDING
COST ESTIMATINGPassive Protection, Primary Framing: $105,200Passive Protection, Secondary Framing: $67,800Active Protection (Sprinklers, Alarms, etc.): $154,600Overall Fire Protection: $327,600
FILLER BEAM ANALYSIS
1991 Fire at One Meridian Plaza,
Philadelphia, PA0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 50 100 150 200
Tem
pera
ture
(℃)
Time (min)
Fire Curve
Unprotected
Fully Protected
Half Protected
0
100
200
300
400
500
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1000
0 50 100 150 200
Tem
pera
ture
(℃)
Time (min)
Fire Curve
Unprotected
Fully Protected
Half Protected
0
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0 50 100 150 200
Tem
pera
ture
(℃)
Time (min)
Fire Curve
Unprotected
Fully Protected
Half Protected
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0 50 100 150 200
Tem
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ture
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Time (min)
Fire Curve
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Fully Protected
Half Protected
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0 50 100 150 200
Tem
pera
ture
(℃)
Time (min)
Fire Curve
Unprotected
Fully Protected
Half Protected
