Cosmos Cements Limited -...

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ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT

ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR(At S. No. 43, as per NABET list of Accredited Consultant Organization)

Corporate Office: - L-G-6, Lower Ground Floor, Corporate Park, Gopal Bari, Ajmer Road, Jaipur 01

Phone: - 01414013996, 4016996, Fax No.:- 0141 4026996

Email [email protected], web site: - www.enkayenviro.com

Form - 1(Extension of validity of Environmental Clearance)

ForEstablishment of Integrated Project of

2.0 mio TPA Capacity Greenfield Cement Plant,27 MW Captive Power Plant at Salang under Sutnga Elaka

and2.3 mio tpa Limestone Mines covering 230 ha area

atSutanga-Nongkhlieh Ridge, Khliehriat,

Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya

Environmental Clearance Granted VideLetter No. - J-11011/417/2008- IA II (I) dated 25th 2009

August 2014

Cosmos Cements Limited

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FORM 1(As per New Notification of M.O.E.F dated 1-12-2009 vide SO 3067 (E)

BASIC INFORMATION

S. No. Item Details

1. Name of the Project/s Cosmos Cements Ltd.

2. S. No. in the schedule As per EIA Notification 14th and

its subsequent amendments thereof, this project

Project.

Cement: S. No. 3 (b); Category A

Mine: S. No. 1 (a); Category A

Captive Thermal Power Plant: S. No. 1 (d);

Category B

3. Proposed capacity/ area/ length/ tonnage to

be handled/ command area/ lease area/

number of wells to be drilled

PlantArea - 160 ha.

Cement Plant: 2.0 MMTPA (Cement) & 1.44

MMTPA (Clinker)

Captive Thermal Power Plant: 27 MW

MineArea - 230 ha.

Captive Mine: 2.3 MMTPA of ROM

4. New/ expansion/ modernization New

Extension of Validity of Environmental Clearance granted vide MoEF F. No. J-11011/417/2008-IA.II(I) dated 25th August 2009.Enclosed as Annexure - I.

5. Existing capacity/ Area etc. Not applicable as it is a Greenfield Project.

6. Category of

7. Does it attract the general condition? If yes

please specify.

No

8. Does it attract the specific condition? If yes

please specify.

No

9. Location The project area is situated near Village

Salang Area under Sutnga Elaka, Tehsil -

Khliehriat and District - Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya.

The proposed project falls within toposheet no.



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83C/7 & 83C/11. The location of the project area

with respect to latitude and longitude is given

below:-

PlantLatitude (N): 250 250

Longitude (E): 920 920

Mine LeaseLatitude (N): 250 250

Longitude (E): 920 920

Plot/ Survey/ Khasra No Not Available as whole Meghalaya is a Non-

cadastral State.

Village Salang Area under Sutnga Elaka

Tehsil Khliehriat

District East Jaintia Hills - The district was carved out of

Jaintia Hills district on 31st 2012.

State Meghalaya

10. Nearest railway station/ airport along with

distance in Kms.

Railway Station: Badarpur (Assam) ~ 125 km,

SSE by road

Airport: Shillong ~ 135 km, NW by road

11. Nearest town, city, district headquarters

along with distance in kms.

Town: Khliehriat ~ 21.0 km, WNW by road

City: Shillong ~ 119.0 km, WNW by road

District HQ: Jowai ~ 33.0 km, WNW by road

12. Village panchayaths, Zilla parishad, Municipal

Corporation, Local body (Complete postal

addresses with telephone nos to be given)

Village Panchayat: Sutunga

Zila Parishad: Earlier Jowai Now Khliehriat

Plant: Salang Area Under Sutnga Elaka,

Khliehriat, East Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya.

Mine: Sutanga-Nongkhlieh Ridge Under Sutnga

Elaka, Khliehriat, East Jaintia Hills District,

Meghalaya.

13. Name of the applicant Cosmos Cements Ltd.

14. Registered address Ferndale Complex, Block III, Keating Road,

Shilong-793001, Meghalaya.

15. Address for correspondence

Name Mr. U.R. Raju

Designation (Owner /Partner/ CEO) Director

(Authorized Signatory)



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Address Project ProponentCosmos Cements Limited

11th - 12th Floor, Hansalaya Building, 15,

Barakhamba Road, New Delhi

ConsultantEnkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd.

L-G-6, Lower Ground Floor, Corporate Park,

Gopal Bari, Ajmer Road, Jaipur 302 001

Pincode Project Proponent:- 110 001

Consultant:- 302 001

E- mail Project Proponent:- [email protected]

Consultant:- [email protected]

Telephone no. Project Proponent:- 011- 23457268

Consultant:- 0141 - 4013996, 4016996

Fax no. Project Proponent:- 011 - 23324136

Consultant:- 0141 - 4026996

16. Details of Alternative sites examined, if any

location of these sites should be shown on a

topo sheet.

Limestone is the raw material for the Integrated

cement plant. The area is mineral specific. Thus,

plant is proposed at optimum location and no

alternative site has been taken into

consideration.

17. Interlinked projects No

The proposed project is an Integrated Cement

Plant (2.0 MTPA Cement Plant (25% OPC, &

75% PPC) and 1.44 MTPA of Clinker), Captive

Power Plant (27 MW) at Sutunga Elaka with

Captive Limestone Mine (2.30 MTPA of ROM;

230 ha.) at Sutnga Nongkhlieh Ridge, Khlierit,

Jaintia Hills district, Meghalaya.

18. Whether separate application of interlinked

project has been submitted?

No

Environmental Clearance has been granted for

Integrated Project (25.08.2009) prior to MoE&F

Office Memorandum no. J-11013/ 41/2006-IA.II

(I) dated 24.12.2010. Hence, no separate

application was submitted.

19. If yes, date of submission Not Applicable



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20. If no, reason It is an integrated project and EC has been

granted by MoEF.

The proposed project is submitted for the extension of the validity of EnvironmentalClearance issued by MoEF vide letter No. J-11011/417/2008- IA II (I) dated. 25th August 2009.

21. Whether the proposal involves approval/

clearance under: if yes, details of the same

and their status to be given.

(a) The Forest (Conservation)Act, 1980

(b) The Wild Life (Protection)Act, 1972

(c) The CRZ Notification, 1991

NAa) NOC has been obtained from Office of the

Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council:

Jowai for establishment/ setting up of Cement

plant and CPP vide letter no.

JHADC/FOR/1/2009/ 3322-3324 dated 11th

Sept. 2009, stating entire area of Cement

Plant and ML area as non-forest Area

(Enclosed as Annexure-II A).

A Letter has also been obtained from

Divisional Forest Officer, Jaintia Hills Division,

Jowai, vide letter no. JH/VFR/CP/2010-

11/563/B/1895 dated 5th March, 2013

(Enclosed as Annexure-II B) stating that the

project as well as mine area falls in non -

forest area; supported by Joint Inspection

Team (JIT) Report.

b) Not Applicable

c) NA Applicable

22. Whether there is any Government Order/

Policy relevant/ relating to the site?

Yes

Mining lease area of 230 ha. was granted by

Govt. of Meghalaya, vide order no.

MG.113/2007/92 dated 09.06.2010 for a period

of 30 years.

23. Forest land involved (hectares) No, forest land is involved.



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24. Whether there is any litigation pending

against the project and/or land in which the

project is propose to be set up?

(a) Name of the court

(b) Case No

(c) Orders/ directions of the court, if any and

its relevance with the proposed project.

No litigation is pending against the project in the

court of law to the best of our knowledge.

25. Expected cost of the project Estimated Cost at the time of grant of EC: Rs

1009.15 crores.

Revised Estimated Cost of project: Rs. 1500

crores.

(II) Activity

Construction, operation or decommissioning of the Project involving actions, which will cause physical changes in the locality (topography, land use, changes in water bodies, etc.)

S. No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/No

Details thereof (with approximate quantities /rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

1.1 Permanent or temporary change in

land use, land cover or topography

including increase in intensity of

land use (with respect to local land

use plan)

Yes Land UseThe total Mining area of 230 ha is classified as

community land. Existing land use of plant site (160

ha.) is fallow land and mining area (230 ha.) is

community land. There will be permanent change in

land use which will be confined in acquired area.

Land use will be changed to industrial, residential

and greenbelt.

Land CoverAt places, rocks are exposed and available soil is

very thin giving appearance of an eroded land.

Impact will be significant but confined to project site

only.

TopographyIt is hilly area with 1210 MSL to 960 MSL (i.e. 250

m). Impact on topography will be significant and

confined to the project area.

Water BodiesThere are no water bodies existing within the project



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site except some seasonal nallahs. Kwai River flows

in the west of the project site which will be one of

the sources of water supply.

VegetationThe area is basically an open grass land

interspersed with small patches of artificial grove

like pure pine plantation of varying density. At

present the mine area covered mostly with seasonal

invasive weeds, herbs, small and big shrubs.

However, some tree species are also coming out

from crevices of Karsts topography of limestone

localized in small patches mixed with few bamboo

clumps and saplings of local tree species.

Afforestation / greenbelt development will be done

during and after mining. As per the green belt

development program 1,29,000 saplings are

proposed to be planted in 38 ha. of mine area, 53

ha. of plant area and 38 ha. of additional area

outside the project site.

1.2 Clearance of existing land, vegetation

and buildings?

Yes Not so significant at the plant site. The layout is

planned in such a way that there is minimal clearing

of vegetation. Pine clusters, existing in the area, will

be maintained.

In the ML area, there will be clearing of bushes,

shrubs and few trees as per the Mining Schedule

approved by IBM. Therefore, any significant impact

on the physical environment from the proposed

project is not envisaged. It will be compensated with

proposed green belt within the ML area and plant

area.

There is no structure or building existing in the

project area.

1.3 Creation of new land uses? Yes Industrially productive land;

Plantation & green belt.

Total Project Area 390 ha.

Plant Area 160 ha. [65 ha. (Plant Area and



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Roads) + 30 ha. (Colony with infrastructure) + 12

ha. (Parking Area) + 53 ha. (Greenbelt)]

Mine Area 230 ha [183 ha. (Excavated Area) + 1

ha. (Built up Area) + 8 ha. (Roads) + 38 ha.

(Greenbelt)].

At the end of mining, 180 ha of land shall be

developed for community use/grassland.

1.4 Pre-construction investigations e.g.

bore houses, soil testing?

Yes Done

1.5 Construction works? Yes New Set up; No construction work has been taken

over yet. Partial ground leveling works carried out.

The construction activities will have permanent

localized change in the physical environment of the

site.

Total Area Under Construction 116 ha.

Plant Area 107 ha. [65 ha. (Plant Area and

Roads) + 30 ha. (Colony) + 12 ha. (Parking Area)]

Mine Area 9 ha [1 ha. (Built up Area) + 8 ha.

(Roads)]

1.6 Demolition works? No No existing construction in the plant/ mining area.

Therefore, no demolition work will be carried out.

1.7 Temporary sites used for construction

works or housing of construction

workers?

Yes As far as practicable local people will be employed

as construction workers.

Temporary sites/ housing of construction workers

will be provided on-site with amenities like - power,

water, road, medical, RO Water for Drinking,

Sanitary, Canteen and Shops, if required.

1.8 Above ground buildings, structures or

earthworks including linear structures,

cut and fill or excavations

Yes New set up. No construction work has been taken

over yet. Only partial ground leveling work has been

carried out.

Construction of plant, CPP, Township and allied

infrastructure facilities will be developed over an

area of 160 ha.

Mining Lease is granted over an area of 230 ha out

of which 183 Ha area is proposed to be under

mining activity up to the conceptual phase.



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1.9 Underground works including mining

or tunneling?

No There will be no underground mining activities.

The mining will be carried out by opencast fully

mechanized method.

1.10 Reclamation works? Yes At the end of life of mine, the excavated area (183

ha.) will be leveled and developed as grassland and

left for community purpose.

1.11 Dredging? No Not applicable

1.12 Offshore structures? No Not applicable

1.13 Production and manufacturing

processes?

Yes Cement Plant:

Cement @ 2.0 million tonnes per annum will be

produced with state-of-art dry process technology.

CPP:

A coal based captive Power Plant of 27 MW

capacity.

Limestone Mining:

Conventional, Fully mechanized open cast mining is

proposed.

1.14 Facilities for storage of goods or

materials?

Yes The details of storage facility required for the plant

is given below:-.

a. Limestone Pre blending Stockpile - 50 kT for 7

days

b. Correctives

i. Shale / Clay 7 kT for 15 days

ii. Mill Scale - 2 kT for 15 days

iii. Sandstone - 10 kT for 15 days

c. Raw Meal - 15 kT for 2 days

d. Coal 2 X 16 kT for 60 days

e. Clinker - 50 kT for 10 days

f. Gypsum - 10 kT for 30 days

g. Fly Ash - 5 kT for 3 days

h. Cement Silos 3 X 7.5 kT for 4 days

The waste to be generated during mining includes

clay & shale, which is present in the form of a thin to

thick layer over limestone. The limestone to waste

(Shale) recovery ratio 1:0.80 during plan period.

Considering shale as a corrective, about 15-20 mio t



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shale shall be utilized for manufacturing clinker

during the mine life. The remaining reject shall be

stacked separately or utilized for preparing road,

ramp and filling of non-mineralized portion for ease

of mining. Ultimately the rejects dump shall be

converted into an elevated plain ground and

developed into community use/ grassland.

1.15 Facilities for treatment or disposal of

solid waste or liquid effluents?

Yes Facilities for treatment of solid waste and liquid

effluents will be provided.

Cement Kiln Dust and cement dust collected in

all pollution control devices will be recycled.

Municipal Solid waste from plant & colony will

be collected, segregated and organic fraction

will be composted and the inorganic fraction will

be compacted and stacked suitably at

earmarked place.

Effluent treatment plant will be provided to treat

the process water and treated water shall be

used for green belt development and dust

suppression.

Sewage treatment Plant will be provided to treat

the sewage generated from plant & colony and

treated water shall be used for green belt

development and dust suppression.

Fly ash from CPP will be utilized in cement

manufacturing.

Refractory bricks lining in the kiln have high

recycling values and will be disposed off to

external vendors for their use in other

industries.

Mining:

Solid waste generated during mining shall be

stacked in dump yard or utilized for preparing

road, ramp and filling of non-mineralized portion

for ease of mining. Ultimately the rejects dump

shall be converted into an elevated plain ground



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and developed into of community

use/grassland.

1.16 Facilities for long term housing of

operational workers?

Yes A separate residential township is planned with

modern amenities.

However, for wastewater treatment, STP is

proposed. Proper disposal of Municipal Solid waste

will be carried out. Green belt development will

further enhance the air quality of the area. Hence,

extent of impact will be minimum and confined

within project area only.

1.17 New road, rail or sea traffic during

construction or operation?

Yes Increase in road/rail traffic during construction &

operation phases is envisaged due to movement of

man, machinery during construction phase and

transport of raw materials and finished product

during operation phase.

Not major, except Plant and township internal

roads. The roads will be properly maintained. Water

sprinkling and plantation along the haul and paved

road will be done to minimize the dust dispersion.

Hence, the impact on physical environment will be

insignificant.

1.18 New road, rail, air waterborne or other

transport infrastructure including new

or altered routes and stations, ports,

airports etc?

No Not Applicable

1.19 Closure or diversion of existing

transport routes or infrastructure

leading to changes in traffic

movements?

No Not Applicable

1.20 New or diverted transmission lines or

pipe lines?

Yes Although the proposed power plant will have a CPP

of 27 MW, arrangements will be made to source

power through 132 KV grid substation of Meghalaya

State Electricity Board (MSEB) at Khliehriat sub-

station which is approx. 8 km (crow fly distance)

away from the proposed site.

1.21 Impoundment, damming, culverting, Yes The run-off from the lease area will be suitably



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realignment or other changes to the

hydrology of watercourses or

aquifers?

collected through garland drains and will be stored in

sedimentation pond for further utilization in mine.

However, all measures will be taken not to disturb

the natural drainage system of the surrounding

area.

1.22 Stream crossings? No Not Applicable

1.23 Abstraction or transfers of water form

ground or surface waters?

Yes The total water consumption of the project is about

2125 m3/day, which can be met from ground

water/Kwai River, which is close to the plant site or

by the natural water springs in the region.

Detail of water consumption is given below:-

I. Cement Plant - 1,500 KLD

II. CPP 275 KLD

III. Mine 100 KLD

IV. Residential Colony 250 KLD

CCL obtained GW NOC for abstraction of ground

water from CGWA vide letter no 21-4(41)/NER/CGWA/2012-217 dated 5th Feb 2013 to

the tune of 1955 KLD considering reuse of 170 KLD

treated water for greenbelt development. Enclosed as Annexure- III

1.24 Changes in water bodies or the land

surface affecting drainage or run-off?

Yes There are no water bodies at the project site.

Changes in water bodies: NoNo major surface water body in the project area.

Land surface affecting drainage: YesMineral excavation will lead to the change in

topography of the area, and the present landform.

Establishment of the project will affect the surface

drainage pattern; however, the drainage will be

channelized to the nearest stream/ sump.

Land surface affecting run-off: YesThe run-off from the lease area will be collected

through garland drains. The changes in land runoff

pattern will not be significant; however, slight

changes are anticipated due to mineral excavation.

Run-off water in the project area will be channelized



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to the nearest stream/ sump.

1.25 Transport of personnel or materials

for construction, operation or

decommissioning?

Yes Construction phase: - As far as possible, local

people will be deployed, however for people coming

from far off places, temporary housing will be

provided along with other necessary infrastructure

facilities and services. As far as possible locally

available construction materials will be used.

Operation Phase: - As far as possible, local people

will be employed. However, there is a provision of a

colony with modern facilities for the employees.

Limestone (major raw material) will be sourced from

the adjacent captive mines.

1.26 Long-term dismantling or

decommissioning or restoration

works?

No At the conceptual phase 183 ha. area will be leveled

and developed as grassland for community

purpose.

However, for cement plant no long term dismantling/

decommissioning is proposed.

1.27 Ongoing activity during

decommissioning which could have

an impact on the environment?

No Not Applicable

1.28 Influx of people to an area in either

temporarily or permanently?

Yes Temporary influx of the people from the surrounding

areas will be observed during the construction and

operation of the project till the life of project. The

project presents vast opportunity of employment

under various cadres viz. Management,

supervisory, skilled workmen, semi-skilled workmen

and unskilled workmen. The estimated direct

employment in the plant & CPP will be around 447

persons. The mining operations will employ about

75 people. As far as possible local people will be

given priority in employment

1.29 Introduction of alien species? No No alien species will be introduced.

The plant species used for plantation will be native

and selected in consultation with the Forest

Department and local people.

1.30 Loss of native species or genetic Yes There may be a temporary loss of diversity as large



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diversity? scale construction activity will take place, but it will

be compensated/ restored by green belt

development once the plant is commissioned. The

density of species will increase to a large extent.

1.31 Any other actions? No --

2. Use of Natural resources for construction or operation of the Project (such as land, water, materials or energy, especially any resources which are non-renewable or in short supply):

S. No. Information/checklist confirmation Yes/No

Details thereof (with approximate quantities /rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

2.1 Land especially undeveloped or

agricultural land (ha)

Yes 160 Ha of land for plant & Colony is fallow land, and

230 ha land of mining is community land. No

agricultural land is involved in the project activities.

2.2 Water (expected source & competing

users) unit: KLD

Yes The total water consumption of the project is about

2125 m3/day, which can be met from ground water/

Kwai river, which is close to the plant site or by the

natural water springs in the region.

CCL obtained GW NOC for abstraction of ground

water from CGWA vide letter no 21-

4(41)/NER/CGWA/2012-217 dated 5th Feb 2013.

Enclosed as Annexure III.

2.3 Minerals (MT) Yes Limestone (5,850 TPD), Shale/ Clay (405 TPD) and

sandstone (650 TPD) will be obtained from

proposed captive Mine, and adjacent to the cement

plant. Mill scale (125 TPD), Gypsum (335 TPD),

Coal (900 TPD) and Fly ash (1535 TPD) will be

procured from outside the plant area and will be

transported by road.

2.4 Construction material stone,

aggregates, sand / soil (expected

source MT)

Yes The project site will have concrete work for

administrative building, office, security room etc.

Timber will be avoided in construction. The building

materials required will be coarse aggregate, fine

aggregate, structural steel, bricks etc. Sand will be

procured from local vendors.

2.5 Forests and timber (source MT) No Not Applicable

2.6 Energy including electricity and fuels Yes The power demand for the proposed plant has been



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(source, competing users) Unit: fuel

(MT), energy (MW)

estimated as 25 MW. The power requirement will be

met by a proposed 27 MW Coal based Captive

Power Plant, generating power at 11 KV.

Arrangement shall also be made for sourcing power

through 132 kV grid substation of Meghalaya State

Electricity Board at Khliehriat, through a single

circuit line, which is approx. 8 km (crow fly distance)

away from the proposed site.

Total fuel consumption (Coal) for plant will be 900

TPD. Fuel required for mining will be 3000 ltrs/day.

2.7 Any other natural resources (use

appropriate standard units)

No --

3. Use, storage, transport, handling or production of substances or materials, which could be harmful to human health or the environment or raise concerns about actual or perceived risks to human health.

S. No. Information/ Checklist confirmation

Yes/No

Details thereof (with approximate quantities/ rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

3.1 Use of substances or materials, which

are hazardous (as per MSIHC rules) to

human health or the environment

(flora, fauna, and water supplies)

Yes PlantUsed oil and grease, fuel oil, HSD will be generated

which will be stored properly in a separate labeled

area in leak proof containers and finally it will be

sent to the CPCB authorized vendors for its proper

disposal.

Hazardous Waste Management & Transboundary

Rules 2008 and Batteries (Management &

Handling) Rule, 2001 will be followed.

MineANFO for blasting operation. Blasting will be done

under supervision of certified blaster.

3.2 Changes in occurrence of disease or

affect disease vectors (e.g. insect or

water borne diseases)

No --

3.3 Affect the welfare of people e.g. by

changing living conditions?

Yes The proposed project will directly/ indirectly develop

the area by providing employment opportunities.

With the proposed development in and around the



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area, there will be many supporting facilities/

infrastructure eventually leading to the development

of the area.

The estimated direct employment in the plant & CPP

will be around 447 persons. The mining operations

will employ about 75 people. In addition to it,

company will also undertake CSR activities in the

affected area for welfare of locals.

Apart from direct employment, the indirect

employment generated by way of transportation,

workshops, petty contractors, shopkeepers and

other casual employment allied activities is expected

to be about 1000 which will have a greater beneficial

impact on the living conditions and socio-economic

conditions of the local people living therein.

3.4 Vulnerable groups of people who

could be affected by the project e.g.

hospital patients, children, the elderly

etc.,

No There are no vulnerable groups nearby the Project

site, which could get affected due to project

operations. Under its CSR plans the local people will

be benefitted at large in terms of enhanced medical

facilities/ frequent health check-up camps and allied

activities.

3.5 Any other causes No Nothing is significant

4. Production of solid wastes during construction or operation or decommissioning (MT/month)


Details thereof (with approximate quantities/ rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

4.1 Spoil, overburden or mine wastes Yes Shale will be used as corrective and about 15-20

mio t shale shall be utilized for manufacturing

clinker during the mine life. The remaining reject

shall be stacked separately or utilized for preparing

road, ramp and filling of non-mineralized portion for

ease of mining. Ultimately the rejects dump shall be

converted into an elevated plain ground and

developed into community use/ grassland.

4.2 Municipal waste (domestic and or

commercial wastes)

Yes Municipal solid waste will be generated @ 0.5

Metric ton per day. Daily House-to-House collection



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system in township and canteen will be employed.

Collected waste will be segregated into

biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste.

Biodegradable waste will be composted and used

as manure. Non-degradable waste will be stacked

suitably at earmarked place.

4.3 Hazardous wastes (as per Hazardous

Waste Management Rules)

Yes Waste oil & grease drained out of gearboxes and

other equipment, and scrapped automobile batteries

shall be disposed off by selling to CPCB authorized

recycler/ vendors.

4.4 Other industrial process wastes Yes Ash from CPP will be used in cement manufacturing

process

Cement PlantDust collected from air pollution control equipment

will be recycled in the cement manufacturing.

Power PlantFly ash (48 TPD) and Bed ash (8 TPD) will be

generated from the power plant. Generated fly ash

will be used in PPC manufacturing whereas bed ash

will be used as boiler bed material.

4.5 Surplus product No No surplus product will be generated.

4.6 Sewage sludge or other sludge from

effluent treatment

Yes ETP Sludge @ 5 MT per annum- stacked suitably at

identified place.

STP Sludge @ 10 MT per Month- utilized as

manure in greenbelt development

4.7 Construction or demolition wastes Yes PlantWaste will be generated during construction

activities. The wastes will be utilized for filling low

lying area in the plant premises and making internal

roads.

MineNo significant waste will be generated.

4.8 Redundant machinery or equipment Yes Occasional- after 20-25 years

4.9 Contaminated soils or other materials Yes Top soil was not found in the lease area except the

thin layer of soil at few places. The top soil will be

stored in 2.0 ha. area outside the lease and proper



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care will be taken. As the mineral is nontoxic in

nature, it will not contaminate the soil.

4.10 Agricultural wastes Yes No agricultural waste will be generated. However

Horticultural Waste from Lawns/Garden.

4.11 Other solid wastes Yes Dust/ Cement Dust (770 TPD ) will be generated

from the cement manufacturing process which will

be collected through air pollution control devices

and recycled back to the cement manufacturing

process.

Refractory Bricks (720 TPA) will be replaced due to

wear and tear, once in year. These have high

recycling values, hence will be sold to outside

agencies.

Solid waste @ 1 TPD generated from-Regular Road

Sweeping collection comprises of a mixture of

limestone dust, clay and soil. Civil and construction

debris/ rubbish (Occasionally). These wastes will be

collected and transported through tractor/ lorry and

will be dumped in the low lying area, which are

devoid of mineable reserves. The area thus filled

up/ reclaimed shall be used for plantation purpose.

5. Release of pollutants or any hazardous, toxic or noxious substances to air (Kg/hr)


Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

5.1 Emissions from combustion of fossil

fuels from stationary or mobile

sources

Yes There will be emission from combustion of fossil

fuels from stationary or mobile sources which are:-

CPP boiler- SPM 1.87 g/s, SO2 28.4 g/s, NOx

11.52 g/s

DG sets- SPM 0.54 g/s, SO2 9.0 g/s, NOx 0.59 g/s

Kiln/Vertical Roller Mill- SPM 7.36 g/s, SO2 65.2

g/s, NOx 23.14 g/s

There will also be gaseous emission from

transportation.

All measures will be taken to restrict the emission

within MoEF/CPCB/SPCB norms.



19

5.2 Emissions from production processes Yes Details of the emission from industrial process of

cement plant and mining are as below:-

PlantCPP boiler- SPM 1.87 g/s, SO2 28.4 g/s, NOx

11.52 g/s

DG sets- SPM 0.54 g/s, SO2 9.0 g/s, NOx 0.59 g/s

Kiln/Vertical Roller Mill- SPM 7.36 g/s, SO2 65.2

g/s, NOx 23.14 g/s

Crusher- SPM 0.28 g/s

Cooler- SPM 2.78 g/s

Cement Vertical Roller Mill- SPM 5.13 g/s

Packer (2 nos.)- SPM 0.26 g/s

Coal mill- SPM 1.01 g/s

ESP and bag filters will be used to control the

emissions.

MineDrilling- SPM 0.151 g/s

Blasting- SPM 1.167 g/s

Hauling- SPM 71.39 g/s

Limestone Handling & Loading- SPM 0.068 g/s

The different measures taken to control the dust

emissions are:-

Water sprinkling on haul roads

Wet drilling

Limiting the speed of the vehicles

Regular maintenance of vehicles/ equipment.

Materials will be covered with tarpaulin sheets

during transportation.

Plantation along the road as green barrier.

5.3 Emissions from materials handling

including storage or transport

Yes Fugitive emissions will be generated from handling

of materials:-

Plant-Packer (2 nos.)- SPM 0.26 g/s

MineHauling- SPM 71.39 g/s

Limestone Handling & Loading- SPM 0.068 g/s



20

Mineral from the crusher to the plant will be

transported via conveyer belt. Thus, fugitive

emission due to internal transportation of raw

materials will not be significant. While, there will be

fugitive emissions generated during loading,

unloading and storage etc. Movement of vehicles

like dumpers, trucks, tankers etc. will also generate

dust. Bag filters and regular water sprinkling on haul

road, will suppress the dust particles and prevent

them from getting air-borne. Covered silo will be

used for storage of material.

5.4 Emissions from construction activities

including plant and equipment

Yes There will be fugitive emission during construction

phase but that will be temporary in nature and

mitigating measures suggested shall be followed.

5.5 Dust or odours from handling of

materials including construction

materials, sewage and waste

Yes Included in Section 5.2

No odor is envisaged from the project activities

5.6 Emissions from incineration of waste No No waste material will be incinerated in the proposed project.

5.7 Emissions from burning of waste in

open air (e.g. slash materials,

construction debris)

No Not Applicable

5.8 Emissions from any other sources No No other source is significant.

6. Generation of Noise and Vibration, and Emissions of Light and Heat:

S. No. Information/ Checklist confirmation

Yes/No

Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates, wherever possible) with source of information data with source of information data

6.1 From operation of equipment e.g.

engines, ventilation plant, crushers

Yes PlantVarious equipment like mills, pumps, draft fans,

compressor, Boiler feed pump, generator, air

compressor, cooling tower, coal mill etc are the

sources of noise in the cement plant. Generally, the

generated noise level varies from 77 to 100 dB(A).

MineOperation of heavy earth moving machines and

allied mining operations such as transport,



21

workshop activities, etc. shall produce noise in the

mining area. Noise is produced due to mining

equipment such as compressors, shovels, dozers,

etc. and by mining produced due to movement by

different equipment deployed in mines are given

below:.

Wheel Loader- 95 (Max), 80 (Min), 85 (Mean) at

Trailer- 80 (Max), 75 (Min), 77 (Mean) at 10m away

from truck on up gradient

Dozer- 90 (Max), 80 (Min), 85 (Mean) at 5m away

Drill-

cabin

Proper Maintenance of the equipment & machines,

green belt development and personal protective

measures will be used to minimize the harmful

effect of the noise.

6.2 From industrial or similar processes Yes There will be generation of noise due to running of

various equipment like mills, pumps, draft fans,

compressor, Boiler feed pump, generator, air

compressor, cooling tower, coal mill etc for

industrial process in the range of 77 to 100 dB(A).

Resultant noise level will mingle with the

background noise levels (assumed to be 75 dB (A)

at 30 m during day time and 70 dB (A) at 100 m

during night time). The above noise levels worked

out are without mitigative measures. With the

mitigative measures, the noise levels will be further

restricted within very short distance from the source.

The operators/ personnel working near the noise

sources in the plant will be provided with earmuffs

and earplugs.

6.3 From construction or demolition Yes The general noise levels due to construction

activities such as working of heavy earth moving

equipment and machinery installation may

sometimes go up to 90 dB(A) at the work sites in



22

daytime during construction phase. The workers in

general shall be likely to be exposed to an

equivalent noise level of 80-90 dB (A) in 8-hour shift

for which all statutory precautions as per the law will

be implemented. Use of proper personal protective

equipment shall further mitigate any adverse impact

of noise to the workers.

By using standard practice of operation, these

impacts can be minimized and made insignificant.

Impacts on the noise levels will be temporary for

short duration and reversible in nature.

6.4 From blasting or piling Yes Instantaneous noise is generated from blasting.

Noise of blast is site specific and depends on the

type and quantity of explosive, dimension of drill

hole, degree of compaction in the hole and rock

type. Blasting shall be carried out in accordance

with MMR 1961 and the Indian Explosive Act, 1984.

Blasting shall be done with the use of delay

detonators in the day light. Vibration and noise shall

be kept within the required limits by proper blasting

system with use of optimal charges, control of

delay, and resorting to muffled blasting. Peak

particle velocity will not exceed as provided in

circular (Tech) (S&T) circular no. 7 of 29.08.1997.

noise level should not exceed 85 dB(A) as per

DGMS norms.

6.5 From construction or operational

traffic

Yes Noise will be generated due to operation of

machineries and equipments used in the mining &

cement manufacturing process. However, the

expected noise levels will be maintained within the

DGMS norms

6.6 From lighting or cooling systems No Not envisaged

6.7 From any other sources No Not Applicable

7. Risks of contamination of land or water from releases of pollutants into the ground or into sewers, surface waters, groundwater, coastal waters or the sea:

S. No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/ Details thereof (with approximate quantities/



23

No rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

7.1 From handling, storage, use or

spillage of hazardous materialsYes In the project, there is no generation of hazardous

material except the used oil from various

machineries. This used oil and ETP Sludge will be

handled properly. Used oil will be stored in the

closed containers and ultimately sent to the CPCB

authorized vendor or may be used in kiln after

obtaining necessary permission. The ETP sludge

will be suitably stacked at identified site.

ANFO Mixture is proposed to be used for blasting

purpose. Due care will be taken to avoid risk during

handling, storage, use or spillage of explosives.

Explosives will be stored in magazine in compliance

with Explosives Act. Blasting will be done under the

supervision of certified blaster

7.2 From discharge of sewage or other

effluents to water or the land

(expected mode and place of

discharge)

No The industrial as well as domestic waste water will

be treated by ETP and STP respectively and the

treated water will be used in green belt development

and dust suppression etc. Zero discharge will be

maintained.

7.3 By deposition of pollutants emitted to

air into the land or into water

No Air pollutants emitted from different activities can

cause contamination of soil. But, following

measures will be adopted to minimize pollutant

deposition.

PlantDuring various industrial activities like Material

handling & transfer, Vehicle traffic at site, Gypsum

storage, Clinker storage, Product storage, Clinker

Hopper, Clinker Silo, Fly ash Silo, Ball Mill,

Packaging Plant fugitive dust will be generated.

Following measures will be adopted to minimize the

same:

High efficiency ESP and bag house will be

installed to control the emission within the

prescribed limits.



24

Enclosed belt and bucket conveyors, bag filters

will be provided at the transfer points.

Concreting roads.

Covered unloading hoppers with atomized water

spray system.

Silo for storage of raw materials and products.

Green belt development (33%) shall be

maintained.

Proper maintenance of vehicles will be done

regularly.

Periodic air quality monitoring within & outside

premises will be carried out to check and comply

within the prescribed norms / limits from time to

time.

MineDuring operation phase there will be emissions

generated from excavation, loading and unloading

and mineral handling and transportation. Measures

like controlled blasting, wet drilling, water sprinkling,

green belt development etc. will be adopted to

minimize the same.

7.4 From any other sources No No other sources are involved

7.5 Is there a risk of long term build up of

pollutants in the environment from

these sources?

No There will be no long-term buildup of pollutants in

the environment, however periodic monitoring will

be carried out for continuous improvement.

8. Risk of accidents during construction or operation of the Project, which could affect human health or the environment


Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

8.1 From explosions, spillages, fires etc

from storage, handling, use or

production of hazardous substances

Yes Risk of fire due to leakage/spillage from oil storage

tanks and risk of explosion of CPP boiler.

Risk assessment study report attached as

Annexure-IV.

Risk due to storage of explosives at the magazine

proposed for mining activities. Risk due to blasting



25

activities in mines.

Explosives will be handled with utmost care in

compliance of conditions imposed by Chief

Controller of Explosive & Metalliferous Mines

Regulation, 1961. Only competent and authorized

persons will be allowed to handle the explosives as

per MMDR, 1961 and permission

8.2 From any other causes No MineThe risks of accident are anticipated from operation

of equipments, land sliding etc. No loose stone or

debris will be allowed to remain near the edges of

excavation and along the sides of haul road.

However, good safety practices will be applied at

the mine site. All precautionary measures will be

adopted and use of protective equipments will be

mandatory. However, to deal the minor incidences

and accidents, first aid measures at site will be

provided.

PlantThe following measures will be implemented:-

Fire detection alarm will be installed.

Auto power off system will be installed.

Personal protective equipment (spats, boots,

gloves, helmets with face shield or goggles

against flying sparks) will be provided.

Health surveillance will be conducted as per

Factory Act.

8.3 Could the project be affected by

natural disasters causing

environmental damage (e.g. floods,

earthquakes, landslides, cloudburst

etc)?

No The study area is located in Seismic Zone-V as per

IS 1893 (Part-I)-2002. All the plant structures will be

designed accordingly in compliance of same.

9. Factors which should be considered (such as consequential development) which could lead to environmental effects or the potential for cumulative impacts with other existing or planned activities in the locality



26

S. No.Information/Checklistconfirmation

Yes/NoDetails thereof (with approximate quantities/ rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

9.1 Lead to development of

supporting facilities, ancillary

development or

development stimulated by the

project which could have

impact on the environment

e.g.:

(roads, power supply, waste

or waste water treatment,

etc.)

Yes Township is proposed for about 400 families.

The project will generate direct employment for

about 522 persons. The indirect employment for

about 1000 persons will be generated by the way

of transportation, workshops, petty contractors,

shopkeepers and other casual.

Ancillary Development (transportation,

workshops, petty contractors, shopkeepers.

The livestock-rearing pattern is likely to change in

the vicinity of the plant from holding of goats and

sheep to an increase in cows and buffalo rearing.

A moderate increase in poultry farming is also

likely to meet the increased demand for eggs and

poultry items.

Development of cement based industries such as

Hume pipes, cement concrete poles, cement

concrete prefab structures etc. because of regular

availability of cement from the plant within the

state.

Development of HDPE/Jute bags manufacturing

units.

9.2 Lead to after-use of the site,

which could have an impact

on the environment

No --

9.3 Set a precedent for later

developments

No --

9.4 Have cumulative effects due

to proximity to other existing

or planned projects with

similar effects

No There is no likelihood of cumulative effect due to

transportation of minerals.

(III) Environmental Sensitivity

S.No. AreasName/Identity

Aerial distance (within 15 km.) Proposed project location boundary



27

1 Areas protected under

international conventions,

national or local legislation for

their ecological, landscape,

cultural or other related value

None None within the 15 km radius

2 Areas which are important or

sensitive for ecological reasons

- Wetlands, watercourses or

other water bodies, coastal

zone, biospheres, mountains,

forests

Saipung RF~ 10 km, E

Kwai River ~ 4.3 km, SW

Nallah near plant site ~ 0.67 km, W

3 Areas used by protected,

important or sensitive species

of flora or fauna for breeding,

nesting, foraging, resting, over

wintering, migration


4 Inland, coastal, marine or

underground waters

Kwai River ~ 4.3 km, SW

5 State, National boundaries None None within the 15 km radius

6 Routes or facilities used by the

public for access to recreation

or other tourist, pilgrim areas

National Highway (NH) no 44

8.5 km, W from site (aerial distance)

21 km from plant site (by road)

18 km from mine lease (by road)

7 Defense installations None None within the 15 km radius

8 Densely populated or built-up

area

None Nearest densely habituated village is Latyrke (1120

population as per 2011 census) which is 5 km

towards NW from the proposed project site

9 Areas occupied by sensitive

man-made land uses

(hospitals, schools, places of

worship, community facilities)

None Nearest Medical FacilitiesKhliehriat PHC ~ 12.4 km, WNW.

Jowai Civil Hospital ~ 31.80 km, NW.

Nearest Educational FacilitiesJaintia Eastern College, Khliehriat ~ 12.5 km, NW.

10 Areas containing important,

high quality or scarce

resources (ground water

resources, surface resources,

None Mineral: limestone: Available in abundance around

the lease & study area

Entire Jaintia hills is classified as safe zone by

CGWA, New Delhi



28

forestry, agriculture, fisheries,

tourism, minerals)

11 Areas already subjected to

pollution or environmental

damage. (those where existing

legal environmental standards

are exceeded)


12 Areas susceptible to natural

hazard which could cause

the project to present

environmental problems

(earthquakes, subsidence,

landslides, erosion, flooding or

extreme or adverse climatic

conditions)

Seismic

Zone V

The study area is located in Seismic Zone - V as

per IS 1893 (Part-I)-2002. All the plant structures

will be designed accordingly in compliance of the

same.



RISK ASSESSMENT

1.2 RISK ASSESSMENT

The main objective of risk analysis study is to identify the potential hazards, assess the impact of all probable accidental hazards and mitigating measures to reduce hazards from the coal based captive thermal plant. The objective of Risk Assessment includes:

Identification of hazards at proposed coal based captive power plant

Assessment of the impact of accidental hazards from the facilities to men and material at and around proposed coal based captive power plant

Recommendations necessary for mitigating measures based on risk analysis.

1.2.1 APPROACH & ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES USED

Risk Analysis broadly comprises of the following steps:

Identification of Hazards and Selection of Scenarios

Effects and Consequence Calculations

Likelihood Estimation Risk Summation

Measures for Risk Mitigation

Hazard Identification is the essential first step in Risk Analysis. It is also an important step in various safety studies and many techniques are available for hazard identification. The most relevant to risk analysis is the review of release sources. For each release scenario a set of consequences chain is developed showing escalation of events.

Effects & Consequence Estimation is done to determine the potential for damage or injury from selected scenarios. The incidents outcomes are analyzed using release rate, pool fire and dispersion and explosion models. Software EFFECTS developed by TNO, The Netherlands, based on Yellow Book has been used for physical effects calculation. For estimation of consequences Green Book has been referred to.

Likelihood Estimation is required to estimate the frequency or probability of occurrence of an incident. Estimates have been obtained from historical incident data on failure frequencies.



Risk summation is done by combining the consequences and likelihood of all incident outcomes from all selected incidents to provide a measure of risk. The Risk to people from existing and proposed facilities is presented in the form of Individual Risk of fatality. The risk to environment is presented in terms of cumulative frequency versus released quantity and annual oil spill rate.

Figure 1.1: Risk Analysis Scheme

Major risk contributors have been identified and recommendations are made for risk reduction.

1.2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS

The starting point of a risk analysis study is the identification of hazards and selection of scenarios that are then addressed for further analysis.

Hazard is defined as a chemical or physical condition that has the potential for causing damage to people, property or the environment. A number of techniques are available for hazard identification depending upon the depth and objective of study.

Accidental release of flammable liquids or toxic gas can result in severe consequences like fire, vapour cloud explosion (VCE) or toxic vapour cloud. Delayed ignition of flammable vapours can result in blast overpressures covering large area. Toxic clouds may cover yet larger distances; due to the lower concentration threshold value for potentially lethal situations in relation to those in case of explosive clouds.

In contrast, fires have localized consequences. The extent of damage to people depends on the heat flux and duration of exposure. Fires can be put out or contained in most cases, but there are few mitigating actions one can take once a vapour cloud gets released. Major accident hazards arise, therefore, consequent upon the release of flammable or toxic vapours.

In general, proposed coal based captive thermal plant does not involve any hazardous chemical process, which can create potential risk to personnel and property at site and

Identification of Accident Scenarios

Frequency of Accident Scenarios

Calculation of Physical Effects

Probability of Physical Effects

Calculation of Overall Frequency

Calculation of Damage Probability of Damage

Risk Quantification

Risk Evaluation

Risk Reduction



surroundings. However, few hazardous materials, like, fuel oil and gases, like, chlorine and hydrogen will be handled at coal based power plant, that can create potential hazardous situations in the unlikely event of accidental release.

1.2.2.1 Hazards Handled at Coal Based Power Plant

It is essential to have comprehensive information on the hazardous process and chemicals handled at the proposed captive power plant. For risk assessment, hazard identification is first step. Various hazardous activities at the proposed captive power plant are described below:

Oil Handling System

Light Diesel Oil (LDO) /Furnace Oil (FO) will be used to light up boilers and may be used for supporting combustion at low loads and during short falls of solid fuel. LDO and FO will be stored in tanks with capacity of 5 kl and 1 kl, respectively.

Release of LDO/FO from storage tank can create pool fire hazard, if an ignition source is available.

Chlorination

At coal based power plant, chlorine is used for controlling the microbiological growth in circulation water system and stored in standard size of toner cylinders. Chlorine toners will be stored at isolated place in the plant with adequate safety provisions as per Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 and amendments thereafter.

On an accidental release, chlorine can create a hazardous situation in the form of toxic vapour cloud. Chlorine gas is a toxic gas and about 2.5 times heavier than air hence, tends to spread at floor levels, drains, pits, etc.

Hydrogen Gas

In thermal power plant, hydrogen gas is used for generator (turbine) cooling and is generated in the power stations by electrolysis method using sodium hydroxide solution as electrolyte in a separate plant. Hydrogen gas with oxygen can create explosion hazard, if it gets ignition sources.

Boilers and Ash Handling System

At coal based thermal plant, boiler can create explosion hazard and subsequently pressure wave. Explosion in boiler is possible due to accumulation of an explosion mixture caused by:

Improper sequence of operation,

Insufficient ignition energy supplied, when compared to actual requirement,

Firing with improper fuel-air ratio,

Almost all the inter locks and protections for boiler are generally converted under combustion control system, though which the master fuel-trip relay is actuated.

1.2.2.2 Characteristics of Hazard Substances at Coal based Thermal Power Plant



Chlorine Gas

Chlorine is a toxic gas (B. P. is -34 oC). In liquefied form chlorine is a clear amber dense liquid. The gas is greenish-yellow, about 2.5 times as dense as air, and non-flammable. Liquid chlorine causes severe irritation and blistering of skin. The gas has a pungent suffocating odour and is an irritant to the nose and throat. It is an extremely powerful vesicant and respiratory irritant.

Typically exposure to chlorine concentrations of 3 - 6 ppm results in a stinging and burning sensation in the eyes. Exposures for 0.5 -1 hour to concentrations of 14 - 21 ppm cause pulmonary oedema, pneumonitis emphysema and bronchitis. This is usually associated with marked bronchospasm, muscular soreness and headache. Whilst there is inevitably a variation in individual susceptibility, typically 4 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be breathed for one hour without damage, 40-60 ppm is dangerous for a 30-minute exposure and a concentration of 1000 ppm is likely to be fatal after a few breaths.

Hydrogen Gas

Hydrogen is a colorless and odorless gas. It is a flammable and explosive gas and results in violent reaction with air. It forms sensitive explosive mixers with bromine and chlorine. Lower and upper explosive limits of hydrogen gas area (LEL & UEL) are 4.1 % and 74.2 %, respectively.

Hydrogen gas is a chemically stable gas and incompatible with water. No chemical reaction occurs with common materials but low temperature causes most materials to become very brittle.

Hydrogen gas can enter the human body though skin and inhalation. If atmosphere does not contain enough oxygen, inhalation can cause dizziness, unconsciousness or even death. Contact of liquid with eyes or skin causes freezing similar to burns.

Liquid Petroleum (LDO)

The liquid hydrocarbons (LDO) are not pure components and are mixtures of a large number of hydrocarbons of varying carbon number. Therefore, no stream has a definite boiling point but instead each has a boiling range. A particular stream may be defined in terms of the various carbon number cuts it contains as specified by its initial and final boiling points.

The hazard posed by these hydrocarbons is largely that of fire. These liquid hydrocarbon streams give rise to only pool fires upon ignition, with the heat radiation hazard. From experience it may be concluded that releases of these hydrocarbons will not give rise to off-site consequences.

1.2.2.3 Scenarios for Consequence Analysis

Various hazardous scenarios are described below:

For consequence analysis following scenarios has been considered for risk assessment:

Leakage of Chlorine from Ton Cylinder

Pool fire in Dyke of LDO Tank Scenario No. Description Outcomes Consequence

1 Catastrophic Failure in Largest Connection (1/4”) of Toner Cylinder

Release of Chlorine

Toxic Cloud

2 Rupture followed by ignition in LDO Pool fire Thermal



Tank Radiation

1.2.3 EFFECTS AND CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS

The released quantity will depend on failure size and the duration of release. On release of chlorine from toner, toxic cloud will be formed and dispersed towards wind direction. While release of petroleum oil (LDO), a fixed or spreading pool may be formed, which may or may not ignite. If immediate ignition takes place a pool fire will take result. Delayed ignition may also lead to vapour cloud explosion / flash fire, if release quantities/surface area are significant.

1.2.3.1 Dispersion of Toxic Clouds

The IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) and Time Weighted Average (TWA) concentration values have been taken as the criteria for chlorine release.

1.2.3.2 Pool Fire

Fixed Pool: A leak or spill of sufficient size of flammable liquid from tanks will result in an accumulation of liquid in dyke area.

Spreading Pool: Leak or spill of flammable liquid from piping will result in spreading pool.

If immediately ignited, the resulting fire is known as fixed or spreading pool fire. Objects coming in contact with the flame, fixed or spreading pool will be severely damaged or destroyed and personnel exposed to flame will suffer extensive burn injuries. Objects and personnel outside the actual flame volume may also be affected or injured by radiant heat. The extent of damage or injury depends on the heat flux and duration of fire and exposure. If a large area of the body receives second and third degree burns, it can result in fatalities.

If the over ground tanks leak and the discharged petroleum products are contained within the dykes of the tank farms, these could result in a fixed pool fire, if they are not transferred into another empty tank or are ignited before any emergency action occurs. Hazards associated with a burning pool fire will be localised.

The extent of injury to people depends on the heat flux and duration of exposure. The extent of damage to property or environment depends on the size of the pool and the duration of fire.

Spreading Pool Fire

Thermal Radiation from Pool Fire

Thermal radiation hazards result from the ignition and subsequent burning of flammable liquid. The severity of the hazard is a function of the flame size, heat flux and exposure time. There are two concerns with thermal radiation, namely its impact on humans and the potential for the development of secondary fires.

Thermal effect data relates to bare skin. People wearing heavy clothes or protected by buildings would be much less likely to be injured. Also, in hot sunny climates, it may be necessary to add solar radiation intensity to that estimated by consequence models to determine total radiation exposure from an incident. In general, error in thermal effects is likely to be less than errors in estimating explosion and toxic effects.

The following damage criteria for 1% fatality distances has been used:



Fires: heat radiation 12.7 kW/m2 during 20 sec

Following effect – distances have also been calculated:

10 kW/m2 - high damage risk 3 kW/m2 - low damage risk 1 kW/ m2 - no damage risk (safe)

Scenario 1: Largest Connection (Catastrophic Failure) Failure of Chlorine Toner Cylinder

Outcome: Toxic Vapour cloud of Chlorine

Scenario Description

Catastrophic failure (¼” connection) of the chlorine toner cylinder results in a release of chlorine gas. The released chlorine will flash vigorously. A toxic vapour cloud will be formed which will be dispersed in the prevailing wind direction.

TNO software EFFECT 2.1 has been used to calculate the release rate and atmospheric dispersion of chlorine. Release of pressurized liquefied Cl2 gas through hole was considered to calculate the release rate.

a. Release Rate (Release of Pressurized Liquefied Gas from Vessel)

Parameters Input: input parameters are given in Table 1.1.

Temperature 25oCPressure Equilibrium Vapour Pressure Volume of ton cylinder 0.72 m3

Leak size ¼” Outcome of Release RateAverage flow rate 0.69 kg/s Duration of release 600 s Total mass released 433.2 kg

Table 1.1: Input Parameters Release of Chlorine

b. Atmospheric Dispersion

For dispersion calculation of released chlorine, heavy gas dispersion (horizontal jet) model of TNO, EFFECT 2.1 software was used. Dispersion calculations were carried out for 1 PPM (time weighted average) and 10 PPM (IDLH-immediately dangerous for life & health) at various stability classes. Dispersion results are given in following paragraphs:

Chlorine Cloud Size and Location for 1-PPM (TWA) Concentration in Extremely Unstable Atmospheric Conditions


Catastrophic failure (¼” connection) of the chlorine ton cylinder results in a release of Cl2.To calculate the release rate “vapour release from vessel through pipe” has been considered. The released Cl2 will flash vigorously or entrained. A toxic vapour cloud will be formed which will be dispersed in the prevailing wind direction. For atmospheric dispersion of chlorine “heavy gas dispersion-horizontal jet model” has been used.

Chlorine Leakage Source Information



Cl2 in ton Cylinder : 930 kg

Leak Size : (1/4”) 0.00635 m

Initial Cl2 Temperature : 30oC

Cl2 release time : 600 s

Cl2 release rate at 600 s : 0.04 kg/s

Total Cl2 release in 600 s : 29.44 kg

Diameter of expended Jet : 0.0099 m

Atmospheric Conditions

Temperature : 30oC

Average Wind speed : 1 m/s

Stability Conditions : A

Model Output Information

Size of Cl2 cloud and its location with Cl2 concentration of 1 PPM (TWA) at cloud boundary.

Time t After Start

of Cl2Release

Maximum Width of Vapour Cloud

(m)

Maximum Length of

Vapour Cloud (m)

Minimum Distance to Threshold

Concentration (m)


Concentration (m)

100 74 88 1 89 200 94 213 1 214 400 94 319 1 320 600 94 319 1 320 601 No 1 ppm concentration contour found

Note: 1. All distance are from the location of release source of chlorine. 2. Threshold concentration of Cl2 is 1 ppm at cloud boundary

Chlorine Cloud Size and Location for 1-PPM (TWA) Concentration in Neutral Atmospheric Conditions





Leak Size : (1/4”) 0.00635 m

Initial Cl2 Temperature : 30 oC








Temperature : 30oC


Stability Conditions : D



Time t After Start of Cl2

Release

Maximum Width of

Vapour Cloud (m)

Maximum Length of

Vapour Cloud (m)


Concentration (m)


Concentration (m)

600 125 427 1 428 800 125 859 1 860

1000 138 898 215 1113 1500 81 461 1119 1580 1589 11 63 1449 1512 1590 No 1 ppm concentration contour found


Chlorine Cloud Size and Location for 1 - PPM (TWA) Concentration in Extremely Stable Atmospheric Conditions





Leak Size : (1/4”) 0.00635 m







Temperature : 20oC


Stability Conditions : F






Release

Maximum Width of

Vapour Cloud (m)

Maximum Length of

Vapour Cloud (m)


Concentration (m)


Concentration (m) 600 147 178 1 179 800 146 435 1 436

1000 157 630 1 631 1500 169 1035 113 1148 2000 167 1247 477 1669 2500 149 1261 894 2155 3000 105 965 1551 2516 3318 15 149 2301 2451 3319 No 1 ppm concentration contour found


Chlorine Cloud Size and Location for 10-PPM (IDLH) Concentration in Extremely Unstable Atmospheric Conditions





Leak Size : (1/4”) 0.00635 m







Temperature : 30oC


Stability Conditions : A


Size of Cl2 cloud and its location with Cl2 concentration of 10 PPM (IDLH) at cloud boundary.




Release


(m)

Maximum Length of

Vapour Cloud (m)


Concentration (m)


Concentration (m)

100 22 62 1 63 200 22 62 1 63 400 22 62 1 63 600 22 62 1 63 601 No 10 ppm concentration contour found

Note: 1. All distances are from the location of release source of chlorine. 2. Threshold concentration of Cl2 is 10 ppm at cloud boundary

Chlorine Cloud Size and Location for 10-PPM (IDLH) Concentration in Neutral Atmospheric Conditions



Chlorine Leakage Sources Information


Leak Size : (1/4”) 0.00635 m







Temperature : 30oC


Stability Conditions : D




Release


(m)

Maximum Length of

Vapour Cloud (m)


Concentration (m)


Concentration (m)

100 35 42 1 43 400 52 338 1 339




Release


(m)

Maximum Length of

Vapour Cloud (m)


Concentration (m)


Concentration (m)



Chlorine Cloud Size and Location for 10-PPM (IDLH) Concentration in Extremely Stable Atmospheric Conditions





Leak Size : (1/4”) 0.00635 m







Temperature : 20oC


Stability Conditions : F




Release

Maximum Width of

Vapour Cloud (m)

Maximum Length of

Vapour Cloud (m)


Concentration (m)


Concentration (m)

600 114 172 1 173 800 114 382 1 383

1000 110 456 66 522




Release

Maximum Width of

Vapour Cloud (m)

Maximum Length of

Vapour Cloud (m)


Concentration (m)


Concentration (m)


Note: 1. All distance are from the location of release source of chlorine. 2.Threshold concentration of Cl2 is 10 ppm at cloud boundary

c. Rupture followed by ignition in LDO (Pool fire)

In this scenario, rupture of nozzle (dia 2“) with 5 kl tank has been considered. It is assumed that the pool will spread within the bund area and filled with released liquid. If ignition source is available, only pool fire is possible. The consequence calculations in this scenario include:

Effective Pool Area, Combustion Rate on immediate ignition of pool,

Heat radiation distance to 15 kW/m2, 12.7 kW/m2, 10 kW/m2, 3 kW/m2 and 1 kW/m2.

The consequence results are tabulated below.

Parameters LDO Tank Release Rate (k/s) 4.63 Pool Diameter (m) 2.8 Combustion Rate (kg/s) 0.66 Heat Radiation DistanceFor (12.7 kW/m2) 3.9 For 10 kW/m2) 4.8 For (3 kW/m2) 11.0 For safe distance (1 kW/m2) 17.9

On release LDO from over ground tanks, fixed pool will be formed in bund area. The safe distance from tanks, defined as the distance to 1 kW/m2 heat flux level, extends from 17.9 m.

1.2.4 OCCUPATIONAL RISK INVOLVED IN COAL BASED POWER PLANT

Coal based thermal power plant deals with various hazards, which have potential to pose occupational risk. These hazards can pose threat to occupational health risk of personnel engaged in the hazardous operations. Some major occupational risk involved in operation of power plants with necessary safety and preventive measures are described below:

1.2.4.1 Coal Dust Emissions from Coal Handling System



Coal handling systems are major sources of coal dust emissions and can create occupational risk to personnel engaged in coal handling activities. Inhalation of coal dust by personnel engaged coal handling could pose occupational health problems.

Pneumoconiosis results from the inhalation of coal dust from coal handling plant. The two forms of coal pneumoconiosis and complicated pneumoconiosis of progressive massive fibrous (PMF) are common. In simple pneumoconiosis, nodules are produced in the upper part of the lungs, particularly around bronchioles. Dyspnoea and chronic bronchitis are symptoms associated with forms of the disease although they may not occur until the nodules are well advances. In PMF, which may occur together with simpler pneumoconiosis, the nodules are larger and more fibrotic.

1.2.4.2 Occupational Risk due to Chlorine Gas from Chlorination Process

Chlorine is toxic gas and 2.5 heavier then air. It does not immediately disperse in atmosphere. As per NIOSH, 10 ppm concentration is immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH). Chlorine can cause occupational risk in the form of burning of eyes, nose, mouth; lacrimation (discharge of tears), rhinorrhea (discharge of thin mucus); cough, choking, substernal (occurring beneath the sternum) pain; nausea, vomiting; headache, dizziness; syncope; pulmonary edema; pneumonitis and hypoxemia (reduced oxygen in the blood).

1.2.4.3 Occupational Risk due to Hydrogen Gas used in Generator Cooling

Hydrogen is used in cooling of generators and considered as explosion hazard. Hydrogen gas can enter in human body by skin and inhalation. If atmosphere does not contain enough Oxygen, inhalation of hydrogen can cause dizziness, unconsciousness or even death. Contact of hydrogen with eyes or skin cause freezing similar to burn.

1.2.4.4 Occupational Risk Due to High Noise Generation

At coal based thermal power plant, many operations such as generators, turbine, blowers, ID fans, etc generate high noise levels, which can pose occupational risk to personnel working in high noise areas. High noise affects human beings in a number of ways disturbing works, rest, sleep and communication. It can damage hearing and can cause physiological and psychological conditions.

Interference with the Communication

In high noise area, speech interference is a major source of annoyance. The annoyance may range from simple interference with speech in the home to communication interference in the work place causing inefficiency and potential danger from accidents, e.g. inability to hear a fire alarm because of noise.

Disturbance of Sleep

Noise may cause personnel to experience difficulty in falling asleep and may awaken people already asleep or affect their sleep patterns. Studies have shown that disturbance of sleep becomes apparent as ambient noise levels exceed about 35 dB(A) equivalent continuous sound level (leq).

Stress



Constriction of the blood vessels can be produced by noise and high level disturbances including hypertension have been found in noise exposed workers. Personnel exposed to noisy environments have higher prevalence to peptic ulcers and other stress induced conditions.

Damage to Hearing

The main physiological effect of high noise is that the inner ear becomes damaged either acutely, due to sounds of very high intensity such as explosions or gradually as result of long term exposure to high noise levels. A person exposed to a noise level of over 80 dB (A) for up to eight hours will experience a hearing loss for several hours. Within few hours, the hearing will be back to normal. People exposed to high noise levels in excess of 100 dB(A) for an eight hour period can show a temporary threshold shift of up to 40 dB(A).

1.2.5 FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE

Frequency of occurrence of incident is important in risk analysis. Failure frequencies may be classified as generic and those synthesised for a particular situation, especially, more complex systems, by drawing Fault Trees which make use of generic failure frequencies of components of a system or its subsystems. Generic failure frequencies are preferred, wherever these are available, as these reduce variances arising out of analyst judgement in the failure frequency estimation.

The classical method of calculating the failure rate of an isolatable section of equipment or a chosen set of equipment items is to count the different items and associated line lengths. The failure rate for a certain item is then broken down into the correct proportions for required release rate bands. The overall frequency for a particular set of equipment is then:

Ft = F N Where: Ft = total failure frequency/per year/per unit F = individual item frequency/per year N = number of items or length of piping unit

Scenarios selected for Risk Summation have been discussed and listed above.

Safe operating procedures, proper maintenance and safety precaution reduced the frequency of occurrence of such incident.

Frequency of leakage of chlorine from ton cylinder 2.0 x 10 –5 per year. Safety precaution taken in storage and handling of chlorine ton cylinders will further reduce the probability of occurrence of leakage of chlorine gas.

The data sources referred for failure frequency is E & P Forum (Oil Industry International Exploration & Production Forum) Frequency database from TNO and Failure frequency data from the Rijmond Report (COVO Study). Frequency of rupture in storage tank is 1 x 10 -6 /yr. Probabilities of ignition are 0.065, 0.065 and 0.87 for immediate ignition, delayed ignition and no ignition, respectively.

1.2.6 RISK ESTIMATION

Risk is defined as the unwanted consequence of a particular activity in relation to the likelihood that this may occur. Risk thus comprises of two variables: magnitude of consequences & the probability of occurrence.

A risk analysis provides a measure of the risks resulting from a particular facility or activity. It thus finds application as a decision making tool in situations where judgment has to be



made about the tolerability of the risk posed by an existing/proposed activity. However, risk analysis produces only numbers, which themselves provide no inherent use. It is the assessment of those numbers that allows conclusions to be drawn and recommendations to be developed. The normal approach adopted is to relate the risk measures obtained to risk acceptance criteria.

Risk criteria, if they are to be workable, recognize the following:

There is a level of risk that is so high that it is considered unacceptable or intolerable regardless of the benefits derived from an activity.

There is also a level of risk that is low enough as to be considered negligible. Levels of risk in between are to be considered tolerable subject to their being reduced As Low As is Reasonably Practicable (ALARP). (The meaning of ALARP is explained in the following sub-section.)

The above is the formulation of the, now well-established, three tier structure of risk criteria and risk control.

The risk criteria simply attempt to establish whether is risk is “tolerable”. Below is a list of words generally in use and their meaning.

ACCEPTABLE RISKS: Since risks in general are unwelcome no risk should be called “acceptable”. It might be better to say that the activity may be acceptable generally, but the risks can only ever be tolerable.

TOLERABLE RISKS: are risks the exposed people are expected to bear without undue concern. A subtle difference is made out here between Acceptable Risks and Tolerable Risks though these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

NEGLIGIBLE RISKS: are risks so small that there is no cause for concern and there is no reason to reduce them.

The ALARP Principle

The ALARP (As Low As is Reasonably Practicable) principle seeks to answer the question “What is an acceptable risk?” The definition may be found in the basis for judgment used in British law that one should be as safe as is reasonably practicable. Reasonably practicable is defined as implying “that a computation must be made in which the quantum of risk is placed on scale and the sacrifice involved in the measures necessary for averting the risk (whether in money, time, or trouble) is placed on the other, and that, if it be shown that there is a gross disproportion between them – risk being insignificant in relation to the sacrifice – the defendants discharge the onus upon them”.



Intolerable level

The ALARP region

Negligible risk

Tolerable if cost of reduction would exceed the improvement gained

Broadly acceptable region

(No need for detailed working to demnstarate ALARP)

(Risk is undertaken only if a benefit is desired)

Tolerable only if risk reduction in impracticable or if its cost is grossly disproportionate to the improvement gained

Intolerable Region

Risk cannot be justified on any grounds

Figure 1.2: ALARP Criteria In this chapter results of Risk Summation are presented as following:

Risk of fatality in terms of Individual Risk levels

Risk to environment in terms of cumulative frequency versus released quantity and annual release rate.

Individual Risk

Individual risk (IR) is the probability of death occurring as a result of loss of containment at an installation or a transport route expressed as a function of the location from such activity. Such a risk actually exists only when a person is permanently at that spot.

For a pool fire, the individual risk from a given scenarios at a given location can be completed as shown below:

Individual Risk = Accident probability x release probability x ignition probability x response faction

Response fraction is defined as the fraction of people at that location who are likely to suffer fatality. The individual risk from all scenarios considered at the same given relation need to be sunned up to arrive at the over all individual risk.

The individual risk at a certain location inside a plant is result of the accumulation of risks connected with all possible scenarios. The calculation of individual risk assumes that the contributors of all incident out come cases are additive. Thus, the total individual risk at a point is equal to the sum of the individual risks, at that point, of all incident outcome cases associated with the plant.

IR x, y = I =1 n IR x, y, I IR x, y = the total individual risk of fatality at geographical location x, y (changes of fatality) IR x, y, i = the total individual risk of fatality at geographical location x, y from incident outcome case I (changes of fatality per year)



n = the total no. of incident outcome cases considered in the analysis. Now the individual risk of fatality at particular geographical location is calculated by the following equation,

IR x, y, I = Pa. Ps. Pw.fr Where

Pa = accident probability (per year) Ps = Weather stability probability Pw = Wind direction probability Fr = response fraction

The individual risk may also present by using the results of these equations at very geographical locations surrounding the facility in the form of ISO Risk Contour.

TNO software model RISKCURVES has been used for computation of individual risk and plotting of FN curve for Societal Risk. The RISKCURVES program package is a very powerful tool to combine the probabilities and consequences of all the release scenarios into and then add them.

All of the information required for individual risk calculation is also required for societal risk estimation. Additionally information on the population surrounding the terminal is also required.

The results of Risk Analysis are often reproduced as Individual Risk. Individual Risk is the probability of death occurring as a result of accidents at a fixed installation or a transport route expressed as a function of the distance from such an activity.

There are as yet no specified risk acceptance criteria in our country for Individual Risk levels. A review of risk acceptance criteria in use in other countries indicates the following:

For fixed installations Official Individual Risk Criteria have been developed by various countries and the review indicates that Individual Risk of fatality to the members of the public outside the installation boundaries may be adopted as higher 10-5 per year (in populated areas) for intolerable risk and lower than 10-6 per year for negligible risk. The region in between is the so-called ALARP region where risk is acceptable subject to its being As Low As Reasonably Practicable (the ALARP principle).

The individual risks from an activity are the result of the cumulative of risks connected with all possible scenarios.

The individual risk level of 10-6 /yr to public from the proposed coal based power plant will be tolerable limits.

In case of transfer pipelines jetty to IOCL PLT, the Individual Risk Contours run parallel and close to the pipelines. Individual Risk of 10-6 per year from release scenarios will approximately 100 m from the pipeline and it runs away from populated area. Therefore, the individual risk from transfer pipelines system is tolerable as it lies within ALARP region.

Societal Risk

For societal risk, the risk can be calculated per segment (where all of the basic variables such as population density remain constant and then summed. The number of people affected by each incident outcome case in given segment is given by:

Ni = Cai x PD x PDi

Where



Ni = Number of fatalities resulting from incident outcome case.

Cai = Consequence area associated with incident out come case

PD = Population density for segment PFi = Probability of fatality for incident outcome case

The individual risk values for each location when combined with population at that location gives the group risk at that location i.e. the probability of certain number of victims per year. For an identifiable community, total group risk can be obtained by adding the values for all the locations comprising that community. The group risk can be obtained by adding the values for all the locations comprising that community. The group risk is represented as F-N curve, which plots the cumulative frequency per year (F) of a given number of fatalities (N) or less.

1.2.6.1 Findings of Risk Summation

The individual risk from proposed coal based captive power plant is tolerable as it lies within ALARP region as it is below the criterion of individual risk not to exceed 10-6 per year in populated areas.

Societal Risk Contours

The off site societal risk level (out side the plant boundary) lies in the broadly acceptable region and can be considered as negligible.

1.2.7 RISK MITIGATION MEASURES

1.2.7.1 Handling of Chlorine

Safety provisions to be made in storage of Chlorine toners, to prevent/control the minor leakage are as follows:

Provide paper type or ammonia torch chlorine gas detectors

Leak detectors should be provided in tonner storage area. Emergency repair kits for rectifying leaks in different part of tank.

Chlorine absorption system to neutralize chlorine, as the valve mounted Cl2 sensors should be provided to activate the blowers. The blowers will blow out the chlorine to absorber where 20 % w/v caustic soda solution (NaOH) will convert the chlorine to NaCl.

Canister type gas masks should be available.

Provide Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be provided and personnel should be trained about the use and maintenance of SCBAs

Siren should be ready to warn people in case emergency.

Eye washers should be provided near the storage of chlorine and strategic location to wash eyes in case of irritation due to leakage of chlorine.

Phensedyl syrup and throat lozenges for oral application should be provided. On-site and off-site emergency management plans should be developed to take the action in the event of leakage of chlorine.

Safe operating procedures should be formulated specific to chlorine gas handling and distributed to concerned plant personnel.



An edited version of on-site management plan may be published in the form of pocket booklet and circulated to the all personnel of the plant.

The plant should explore the possibilities for mutual aid agreement with near by industry (if any).

1.2.7.2 Control Measures to reduce the Occupational Risk Due to High Noise

Following control measures/ safe guards are suggested, to reduce the occupational risk from high noise generation:

By selecting equipment, machines and technology generating low noise levels.

Use of ear muffs and plugs by the personnel engaged in high noise areas Providing acoustic enclosures to the high noise generating machine and equipment wherever is possible.

Wherever acoustic enclosures are not possible, soundproof cabin should be provided for personnel engaged in high noise area.

Provide silencers on engines wherever is possible. Provide barrier (wall, curtain, etc.) around the noise generation source wherever is possible.

1.2.7.3 Major Safeguards for Hydrogen Generation and Handling System

Major safeguards for hydrogen handling system should include safety arrangement as described below:

Hydrogen gas is normally filled in 45 litres capacity cylinders at a pressure of 150 kg/cm2 by using compressors. The compressors should have safety valves at each stage of compression. If pressure rises the gas will be released to the atmosphere through flame arrestor.

Flameproof light fittings and power sockets should be provided to avoid arcing.

No smoking caution board should be exhibited in all areas on hydrogen area. No welding or gas cutting work should be permitted to a distance of 50 feet on all sides of the plant.

1.2.7.4 Safe Guard to Control Dust Emissions

Major safeguards, which shall be followed to control, the coal dust emissions in coal handling system are as follows:

Installation of appropriate dust collection system to capture the coal dust particles from coal handling system.

Scrubbing of coal dust emissions before discharging into the atmosphere.

Provision relevant Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) like face shield to the personnel engaged in coal handling activities.

1.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

The objective of onsite and offsite Disaster Management Plan (DMP), for the proposed cement plant, coal based captive power plant and mines is:

To ensure safety of people, protect the environment and safeguard commercial considerations.



Immediate response to emergency scene with effective communication network and organized procedures.

Obtain early warning of emergency conditions so as to prevent damage to personnel, assets and environment.

Safeguard personnel to prevent injuries or loss of life by: o Protecting personnel from hazard. o Evacuating personnel from an installation when necessary and minimize the

impact of the event on the installation and the environment by: Minimizing the hazard as much as possible Minimizing the potential for escalation Containing any release

1.3.1 DEFINITIONS

Disaster

Disaster is a sudden calamitous event, bringing great damage, loss or destruction.

Disaster Management

It is the most comprehensive plan which states who does what, when and how before, during and after a disaster.

Incident

Incident may be defined as an emergency situation of any critical deviation in the process control or otherwise that may lead to a major accident /potential emergency and disaster.

Emergency

Emergency may be defined as any incident of process deviation that if uncontrolled may lead to a major accident /disaster with potential short term and/or long term risk damage consequence to life and property in and /or around the factory and where the situation has arisen that the control of which requires external help and controls.

Hazard

Hazard may be defined as “the potential of an accident ”. Hazard exists in man and the system of materials and machines.

Accident

An accident may be defined as “ an undesirable and unplanned event with or without or major damage consequence of life and /or property”.

Risk

Risk of an accident may be defined as the chance or probability or likelihood of an accident being caused in a given man-material –machine system.

1.3.2 MAIN COMPONENT OF THE ON – SITE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Disaster Management Plan does not cover the natural disasters and sabotage activities. However, duties and responsibilities given in this DMP may be followed to deal with



emergencies, arising out of natural disasters and subrogate activities. The main components of Disaster Management Plan are as follows:

1.3.2.1 Emergency Response Organization

Following officers of the plant will be responsible for coordination, in case of emergency situation in any section of the cement plant and CPP:

Chairman - Safety : Site Controller Head - Operation : Incident Controller Employee who gives the first information about the incident/ accident

: Primary Controller

Head - Personnel : Liaison Officer In - Charge of Security Personnel : Emergency/Communication Officer Medical Officer

1.3.2.2 Responsibility of Key Personnel

Site Controller

Chairman (Safety) or his deputy will assume overall responsibility. As soon as he is informed of the emergency, he shall proceed to the Emergency Control Center (ECC) and his duties shall be:

To assess the magnitude of the incident and decide if employees need to be evacuated from assembly points.

To maintain continuous review of possible development and to assess in consultation with Incident Controller as to whether the shutting down of plant or part of plant and evacuation of persons is required.

To exercise direct operational control over the areas other than affected.

To give necessary instructions to Liaison Officer and Emergency Officer regarding the help to be obtained from outside agencies like fire brigade, police and medical. To advice Liaison Officer to pass necessary information about the incident to news media and ensure that the evidences are preserved for inquiries to be conducted by statutory authorities.

To liaison with senior officials of Police, Fire, Medical, MSPCB and Factory Inspectorate

To issue authorized statement to news media.

Incident Controller

The HOD of affected department shall have overall responsibility for controlling the incident and directing the personnel. Section-in-charge of the affected department shall assume the responsibility of Incident Controller in the absence of HOD of the affected department. His duties during emergencies shall be:

Immediately rush to the ECC and report to the Site Controller and take overall charge and rush to scene.

To act as Site Controller till the latter arrives.



To direct all operations within the affected area.

To inform Emergency Officer about the emergency, Control Center and assembly point. To direct all operators within the affected areas with priorities for safety of personnel, to minimize damage to the plant and environment and to minimize loss of material.

To ensure safety of personnel and minimize damage to the plant/properties etc.

To inform In-charge (Electrical) to switch off the supply and ask for the alternate supply if necessary.

To ensure that the workers of the affected areas are evacuated to the appropriate assembly point.

To provide advice and information to fire squad, security officer and local fire services when they arrive

To ensure that all non-essential persons are sent to the assembly point.

To report all significant developments to the Liaison Officer. To arrange for preservation of evidence to facilitate any enquiry regarding the causes etc.

Primary Controller

The Primary Controller is the employee who gives the first information about the incident/ accident. He will be responsible:

To inform the Security Office (main gate) /Sr. Engineers/ Shift In Charges / HOD of section of the Department/Section from the nearest available telephone about the location and the nature of incident.

To assist fire brigade in their operation and assist in clearing any obstruction coming in way of fire extinguishers.

To carry out all instructions from Incident Controller.

Emergency /Communication Officer

Section-in-charge (Security & Safety) shall act as Emergency/Communication Officer. He shall work from Emergency Control Center (ECC) and maintain communication between relevant personnel. On receipt of the information he will immediately rush up to the scene and his responsibility will be:

To apprise the Site Controller of the situation, based on the information received and to suggest the evacuation of personnel from assembly points, if needed.

To arrange for suitable persons to act as runners/messengers in case of failure to communication system.

To carry out any other works as assigned by Site Controller/Incident Controller.

Assuming full responsibility in organizing fire fighting and security measures. Providing latest information to the Incident Controller.

Deputing one Sr. Security for assisting the Site Controller.

Co-ordinate with the external fire service as and when they arrive and direct them as required.

To give instructions to security guards to cordon off area as required by Incident Controller.



To handle unauthorized persons inside the affected area and inside the plant during emergency.

Liaison Officer

The Head (Personnel) will act as a Liaison Officer. On hearing the fire siren/alarm, he will rush to the ECC and will act as per the instruction of the Site Controller. His responsibilities shall be:

To arrange additional help if required and inform relatives.

To control traffic inside factory and arrange alternate transport if need arises.

To arrange for relief of personnel and organize refreshment /catering facility, in case the duration of emergency is prolonged.

To inform relatives of affected employees at the earliest.

To issue authorized statements to news media and ensure that evidence is preserved for enquires to be conducted.

Medical Officer

On hearing the emergency siren/alarm or phone message, the Medical Officer with first aid team will report to the Incident Controller. His responsibility will be:

To ensure that ambulance will be made available at the ECC.

If the ambulance leaves the ECC, it should be informed to Incident Controller. If the ambulance leaves with patient, the name and other particulars, hospital, destination etc. should be informed to the Incident Controller. To inform the Chief at the hospital about the casualty reaching hospital for treatment.

To keep necessary first aid medicines and artificial respiration equipment ready.

To inform doctors at other places to be ready, for attending serious injury and burns cases, if required.

Shift-in-Charge (Security)

Shift-in-Charge shall be responsible:

To arrange the necessary help as requested by Incident Controller/ Primary Controller.

To inform Section-in-Charge (Security).

To switch on the Emergency Siren, if instructed by Incident Controller/Primary Controller.

To rush ambulance to the accident site with fire brigade along with available trained security persons.

Departmental Heads

The Departmental Heads of the nearby areas of the incident will report to the Incident Controller and provide assistance as required.

1.3.2.3 Emergency Procedures

Based on the QRA study, procedures are defined as per guidelines to be followed in case of any emergency as given below:



1.3.2.4 In Case of Fire/Explosion

Noticing Person

Immediately on noticing the incident, the noticing person should:

Identify himself and location of incident.

Inform shift-in-charge about the nature of incident.

Inform the Security & Time office about the incident.

Hold on until the message is repeated to ensure proper communication.

Switch off the electrical main in the nearby area.

Stop all the machinery that is running in the storage area, if possible. Inject fire extinguishers to extinguish the fire.

Be on or near the incident site till the fire service personnel arrive to guide them

In case of fire in electrical equipment or installations, inform electrical Shift-in-charge about the nature and place of fire.

Shift-in-Charge/ Operator

On receipt of the message / noticing the incident the Operator should:

Switch on the emergency siren for few minutes (If not already switched on by the noticing person)

Inform over phone to fire/security and Central Control Room (CCR)

Give the location and brief description of fire

Close down all out going line of HSD/LSHS/Sludge oil or Coal. Keep vigil/ watch over the fire

Try to extinguish or prevent it from the further spreading with available resources, in case of fire.

Move out the LSHS/HSD/Sludge oil tankers/Coal Lorry/Wagon placed for unloading by informing Stores. Do not allow unauthorized persons at scene.

Security Personnel

On receipt of message over phone about the incident the security personnel should:

Note down the location/ details of incident.

Inform Senior Personnel Officer/ Duty Officer.

Stop the visitors/ contractors/ customers to enter inside the plant. Be at telephone for receiving any message.

Organize the workers to assemble at the safe assembly point.

Security Officer

On hearing the emergency siren/alarm or on receiving the message over phone, he will:

Proceed to the emergency assembly point along with sufficient security personnel. Act as per the instruction of Site Controller.



Cordon off the area.

Not allow the unauthorized person in to the oil storage area/Coal yard.

Prevent crowding of the people around the scene of incident. Inform:

o Duty Officer o Head (Production) o Head (Maintenance) o Head (Personnel)

Keep ambulance ready.

Inform nearby fire service as required by Site Controller or Emergency Officer.

Head (Civil)

On hearing the emergency siren/alarm/message over phone he should rush to the emergency assembly point and report to the Incident Controller. He should

Ensure continuous water supply for fire fighting.

Depute responsible person for continuous water flow for fire fighting.

Rush to the Control Center for further activity if any as per the instruction of the Site Controller.

Maintain continuous water supply for fire fighting till further instruction from Emergency Officer.

In-charge – Transport

On hearing the emergency siren/alarm or on receipt of the message, the Transport In-charge should

Contact the Emergency Control Center (ECC). Depute a representative to ECC.

Plan for deployment of vehicles whenever / wherever necessary.

Head (Material/Store)

On hearing the emergency siren/ alarm/ message over phone, he will rush to the emergency assembly point and report to the Incident Controller. He will

Move away the tanker / wagon / lorry, if any. Stop the incoming vehicles.

Give the quantity of the oil stored, coal stored etc.

Head (Electrical)

On hearing the emergency siren/alarm/message over phone, he should rush to the emergency assembly point and report to the Incident Controller. He will:

Check the electrical connections in the affected area.

Ensure the availability of the electrical supply if the lines are affected.

Arrange for alternate supply.

Tele-Communication In Charge



On hearing the emergency siren/alarm/message he will

Rush to the Emergency Control Center and report.

Ensure proper working condition of the entire communication systems such as PA system, local and P&T phone and wireless sets.

1.3.3.5 In Case of Accident

During the time of any accident or emergency condition, the person present has to inform the Shift-in-Charge immediately which shall be followed by:

Shift-in-Charge will inform the responsible Department Head, Time Office and Security Personnel. According to the seriousness of the accident the Department Head will arrange duty doctors, ambulance and inform the Personnel department.

The department head will immediately report to the spot and collect the cause of accident.

The department head will make a final report. The cause of accident shall be analyzed and rehabilitation measures shall be implemented.

The workmen shall be advised to work with more safety measures.

1.3.3.6 Emergency Shutdown Procedure

If necessary, full or partial shut down of the plant should be followed under the judgment of the Incident Controller or the Site Controller. On hearing the emergency siren/message over phone, the following procedure will be followed to shutdown the plant.

The Operation/Maintenance department will stop incoming and outgoing HSD/ LSHS/ Gas/ Sludge oil supply or coal supply.

If the unloading of HSD/ LSHS/ Gas/ Coal is in progress that will be stopped and vehicle/ wagon, will be sent out of the area. Head (Operations) will stop all the production/maintenance activity if necessary.

Loading of cement will be stopped and the vehicles will be sent out.

The individuals designated for the emergency preparedness will carry out the work as assigned to him as per the checklist.

1.3.3.7 Declaring the Major Emergency

The declaration of major emergency puts all personnel/agencies on action and the running system may be disturbed which may be very costly at times or the consequences may be serious, therefore such declaration should not be decided on whims or immature judgment or without proper thought. Because of scale of activity, which will be activated after the declaration of major emergency, it is advisable to restrict the authority to declare it. However, it is not necessary, to limit this authority to the Incident Controller and his appointed deputy.

It may be advisable, therefore, to invest the authority to declare a major emergency in a number of nominated people. They should be selected on the basis of their knowledge and experience. Nominated person/persons will advise the Incident Controller or the Site Controller to declare the emergency.



The joint decision to declare major emergency may be taken but it should be as early as possible and without wasting any time.

1.3.3.8 Evacuation Procedure

Personnel not required will usually be evacuated from the incident site and also from adjacent areas. Evacuation should be to predetermined assembly points in a safe part of the plant. Assembly points need to be clearly marked. The plan should designate someone to record all personnel arriving at assembly point so that the information can be passed to the ECC.

Personnel required to be transported for the purpose of medical care or for better shelter should be transported with care and facilities.

On hearing the emergency siren / alarm, the employees of the connected area, where they are working should stop their work and rush to the safe assembly point.

Head (Operation) is responsible for stoppage of production and evacuation of employees if necessary. He will also, ensure the stoppage of production and the evacuation of employees from the area with the help of all production heads.

1.3.3.9 Communication System

Any person noticing an emergency should be able to raise or cause to be raised the first Floor Level Emergency Alarm (FLEA). All employees must be trained to operate such emergency alarms. Siren shall be provided to indicate the emergency. This siren is different from regular sirens in use with hauling arrangement and is audible throughout the plant.

1.3.3.10 Telephone Message

After hearing the emergency alarm and emergency declaration or even while first receiving the emergency message on phone, a telephone operator (or Communication Officer) has to play an important role. He should be precise, sharp, attentive and quick in receiving and noting the message and then for immediate subsequent action of further communication.

1.3.3.11 Communication of Emergency

There should be an effective system to communicate emergency (a) inside the plant i.e. to the workers including key personnel and essential workers, on duty and inside during normal working hours (b) to the key personnel and essential workers not on duty and outside during normal working hours. (c) to the outside emergency services and to the government authorities (d) to the neighboring firms and the general public in the vicinity.

Communication to the Outside Emergency Services and Authorities

Once the declaration is made, it is essential that the outside emergency services if they have not already been called in, be informed in the shortest possible time.

The emergency must be immediately communicated to the Government Authorities such as local Factory Inspectorate, Collectorate, Police and District Emergency Authority.



The statutory information to above authorities must be supplied beforehand so that they can be well prepared to operate their off-site emergency control (contingent) plan. As per their advice to consultation the onsite plan should be modified and updated.

Internal telephone numbers should be listed as per format given in Table 1.2.

Department Designation Telephone Number Office Residence

Plant President Operation Head Process HOD (P&QC) In-charge (Production) In-charge (Quality Control) Packing Plant HOD (Packing) In-charge (Sales) Section In-charge (Sales accounting) Power Plant HOD (TPP) Stores HOD Material In-charge (Stores) Electrical HOD (Electrical) In-charge (Electrical) Mechanical HOD (Mech.) In-charge (Mech.) Infrastructure HOD (Inst.) In-charge (Inst.) P&A HOD (P&A) In-charge (P&A) Section In-charge (Security) Section In-charge (Safety) Fire Service/ Ambulance Main gate/ Security office Section In-charge (Medical)/ Doctor Nurse Nurse Nurse

Table 1.2: Emergency Internal Telephone Numbers

Statutory Communications

Under the statutory provisions, information is required to be given to the following:

The workers

The general public and neighboring firms

District Emergency Authority Factory Inspectorate

Meghalaya State Pollution Control Board

1.3.4 ASSEMBLY POINTS

Emergency assembly point shall be identified in case of fire in the oil storage area/ coal yard in the proposed plant. The key personnel and the responsible personnel will report to



the Incident Controller at this point, after getting suitable instruction from the Site Controller and act as per instructions of Incident Controller.

The maintenance personnel will directly report here, information will be passed on to the Site Controller and Liaison Officer from here over phone and through special messenger. This area will be under the control of Incident Controller.

A safe assembly point, which is located near the main entrance of the plant, which is far away from the probable hazardous location shall be identified. On hearing the emergency siren all employees connected with the hazardous location will be assembled in this location and act as per the instruction of the Site Controller. During emergency no one will be allowed to go to the hazardous location.

1.3.4.1 Roll Call

The employees attending duty will be known through the punch card and the records (on daily basis) of other employees (contractors and others) will be available at the gate with security. At the time of emergency the attendance will be verified with the people assembled in the safe assembly and emergency assembly point.

Contractors should maintain a similar list of personnel on site. Record is also maintained of the arrival and departure of visitors, together with the names of those they have called to see which will prove useful in establishing their whereabouts in the emergency. Visitors should wherever practicable, be accompanied on site by a responsible member of the work staff.

In the immediately affected area, the Incident Controller should arrange for a search to be made for any casualty by fire brigade. Nominated work personnel should record the names and other details of casualties taken to respective reception areas and the location, e.g. hospital.

At the Emergency Control Center, a nominated person should be posted to collate the lists, check them against the nominal role of these believed to be missing. Where missing people could have had cause to be at the affected area, the Incident Controller should be informed and arrangement shall be made for further search.

1.3.4.2 All Clear Siren / Alarm

If the indication of the emergency is over and on hearing all clear signal, all employees will report back to their jobs excepting personnel who are instructed to stay back for necessary jobs at the scene of incident. The Incident Controller is responsible for giving all clear signal after assessing the entire area conditions.

1.3.4.3 Restarting

The Incident Controller with his team of operation and Head (Engg), will inspect the area thoroughly and give instruction to start the plant as per restarting procedure in consultation with Site Controller and the Emergency Officer.

1.3.5 ACTION ON THE SITE

Though the scope of the on site plan is to prepare for and activate the emergency –time-activities so that the emergency, arisen as a result of the failure of the pre emergency control measure, can be controlled and contained within the shortest time. Following three



stage activities are suggested as they are co-related and provide better plan for emergency preparedness, emergency actions and subsequent actions and subsequent follow up.

1.3.5.1 Pre-Emergency Activities

The following are the details of pre-emergency activities.

Internal Safety Survey

It is to be conducted to identify various hazards in plant premises as per details given below:

To check protective equipment for workability.

To check various safety installation / facility available at site for workability. To check fire system, fire water pumps, sprinkler from an ejectors, spray system, etc.

To suggest extra requirement / modification to make system more reliable.

Third Party Survey

The survey is to be conducted by a ‘Third Party” i.e experts /consultants from outside:

To study and identify various hazards. To conduct survey on available safety equipment/ appliances.

To check in built safety system for its adequacy.

To suggest modifications/ additions in the system, if necessary.

Prepare Vessel Testing

Following testing are recommended and records of the same should be maintained:

The mandatory testing of the boiler once in a year under the Boiler Act. Testing various equipment under statutory obligations.

Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)

NDT is recommended to draw an action plan for replacements/ repairs as per the past record and to maintain plan/section-wise record to compare with the past period.

Safety/ Relief Valves Testing

It is necessary:

To prepare the list of safety/ relief valves in plant.

To prepare a periodic schedule for their testing and to maintain records.

To draw action on replacement /repairs and to implement it.

Fire System testing

To prepare list of fire hydrants, fire applications, fire pumps, water monitors, automatic fire alarms, smoke detectors and other available appliances and maintain the record.

To draw testing schedules and record the findings.

To replace /modify defective equipment / accessories.

To check fire pumps capacities, delivery, pressure and auto-start /stop systems periodically.



To draw schedule on running, standby equipment etc. for workability/ and appliances under fire service for operability.

Mutual Aid Scheme

Mutual aid scheme will be available for:

Fire Fighting:

Medical Help: from Govt. Hospital

External Technical Support

Dy. Chief Controller of Explosive

Dy. Chief Inspector of Factories Specialist / Consultant

Mock Drill

Minor mock drills to be conducted for training the persons internally. Major mock drills to be conducted after informing State Authority, Press, and Police for handling the situation effectively. The objective of the mock drill is:

To conduct periodic drills as to check the performance of man and equipment.

To know the drawbacks in the system for its corrective action.

Mock Fire Response drill will be conducted inside the plant once in six months to ensure awareness about “FIRE MISHAP” among employees.

Training

Security staff shall be trained on fire fighting. Fire fighting refresher course shall be conducted. Fire demonstration and drills shall be conducted. The Fire extinguishers shall be maintained by the Security Staff. Periodical inspection shall be carried out for the working condition of the extinguishers. The workers will be trained for using extinguishers.

Some of the employees and the security staff shall be trained in first aid, in the in-house First Aid Training Programme. Selective employees will be given intensive training on first aid by reputed organization and will act as first aid team in emergency situation.

Emergency/Protective Equipment

Personal protective equipments such as helmets, asbestos apron, leather apron, asbestos suit, asbestos gloves, leather gloves, asbestos shoes, safety shoe, gum boots, safety belts, safety goggles, ear muff, respirator etc. shall be made available to the workers as per requirements.

First Aid Kit with medicine, resuscitator, Self breathing apparatus and Torch light shall be provided at different locations as per requirements.

Recommended list of Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) for the proposed plant is given in Table 1.3.

Sn Personal Protective Equipment Numbers 1 Self Containing Breathing Apparatus 6 2 Gas Mask 10 3 Fire Suits 2



Table 1.3: Recommended List of Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs)

Communication System

It is necessary:

To maintain internal / external communication system in good working order.

To maintain telephone system between fire station and off sites in working conditions.

To modify the siren sound for emergency

To install wind cocks/wind recorders inside the plant area at prominent locations to record wind direction and velocity.

Emergency Lights

These are necessary:

To check and maintain the emergency lights in control rooms and selected plant areas.

To keep sufficient number of torches /batteries available in control rooms.

To keep mobile diesel operated power generating set standby in case of failure of normal power supply during emergency.

Emergency Control Room

An administrative building like the Security Office may be identified as Emergency Control Center (ECC). Approach to the Control Center from any part of the factory should be very easy. Any assistance required to the emergency area should be able to reach fast from the Control Center. In case of any emergency all key personnel and other responsible personnel will assemble here and act as per directives of the Site Controller.

Since the Control Center is proposed to be located near the main entrance, it will also be helpful to guide the external agencies like fire service etc., Monitoring the employees’ movement during emergency shall also be easy. ECC shall be equipped with the following:

Site Plan List of key person and their Telephone no.

List of Govt. Officials / external agencies and their Telephone no.

Communication system

Personal Protective equipments

First Aid Kit

Emergency Plan Paper pad and pencil

Site plan indicates the following:

Work Center

Fire hydrant System

Update Road System Emergency assembly Point

Safe assembly point

Control Center



First Aid Center

Fire Zone

The Control center shall be well equipped with the communication system such as:

PA system

Telephone Auto and P & T

Wireless sets

Hospital Facilities

Equip the hospital/health center with necessary equipment/medicines

To keep the blood group record of all the employees. To train the Doctors for handling emergency situation/ casualties.

To keep liaison with city hospitals and other hospitals in the area.

To keep the list of the blood donors ready.

The Security office shall be provided with a first aid kit. First aid boxes shall be made available in all departments. The employees and security staff shall be trained in first aid. A team of first aiders will provide first aid during emergency.

Fire Fighting Facilities Available

Foam extinguishers and fire hydrant shall be made available to meet any fire incident in the plant.

1.3.5.2 Post Emergency Activities

Post emergency activities comprise of steps taken after the emergency is over so as to establish the reasons of the causation of the emergency and preventive measures. The steps involved are:

Collection of records.

Conducting inquiry and concluding preventive measures.

Making insurance claims. Preparation of inquiry reports with recommendations.

Rehabilitate the affected persons within the plant and outside the plant.

To restart the plant.

1.3.5.3 Off – Site Emergency Plan

As per risk assessment studies, the possibility of “offsite” emergency situation are ruled out as the project is not likely to pose any off site emergency and hence this plant does not call for any preparation of an off site emergency plan.

However, considering extreme situation, District Authorities including police (Address and telephone numbers of external Authorities are given below will be informed about any “Off-Site” emergency situation arises. Address and telephone numbers of external authorities are given in Table 1.3.

Sn External Authorities Address Telephone



Sn External Authorities Address Telephone 1 District Collector Collector Office, Jowai 2 Superintendent of Police S.P. Office, Jowai 3 Chief Medical Officer CMO Office, Jowai 4 Inspector of Factories & Boilers I.F.B. Office, Shillong 5 District Transport Office D.T.O. Office, Jowai 6 Tahsildar Tahsil Office, Jowai 7 Fire Brigade Shillong 8 In charge-Fire Brigade Fire Brigade, Shillong 9 SHO - Police Station Police Station

Table 1.4: Address And Telephone Numbers of External Authorities

1.4 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN - MINES

The mining operation shall be carried out under the management control and direction of a qualified Mines Manager holding a first class manager’s certificate of competency to manage a metalliferous mine granted by Director General of Mines (DGMS), Dhanbad. DGMS has been issuing a number of standing orders, model standing orders and circulars to be followed by the mines management for management of risks associated with mine operations. However, the following hazards may be possible during normal operation of mines:

Slope failure at the mine faces

Accident due to explosives

Accident due to sabotage in the magazine

In order to avoid the above said hazards, the following precautions/ measures would be implemented:

All safety precautions and provisions of Metalliferous Mine Regulation, 1961 shall be strictly followed during all mining operations

Working of mine as per approved mining plan and regular review and update of the mining plan, if needed Cleaning of mine faces on regular basis

Provision of magazine at a safe place with fencing and necessary security arrangements

Handling of explosives, charging and blasting shall be done by competent persons only Preventive maintenance and regular testing of all mining equipment as per the manufacturer’s guidelines

Proper handling of the hazardous chemicals and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) shall be made available to ensure safety within the mine

Entry of unauthorized persons shall be prohibited

Provision of fire fighting and first-aid in the mining office



Provision of all safety appliances such as safety boots, helmets, goggles, etc. to workers and regular inspection of the same

Training and refresher courses for all employees on regular basis as per Mines Vocational Training Rules

Awareness of safety and disaster through competitions, posters and other similar drives

The following facilities, which are proposed at the plant shall also be available at the mines

Public address system

Telephones/ Mobile handsets Runners/ messengers

Emergency alarm

Fire fighting equipments & accessories with trained manpower

Ambulance at plant

Full fledged dispensary at plant site Training center

1.4.1 CARE AND MAINTENANCE DURING TEMPORARY DISCONTINUANCE

When the mine is temporarily discontinued due to any unforeseen circumstances the following care and maintenance shall be undertaken:

Notice to be served to all the concerned authorities

The mining pit area shall be covered by temporary fencing All access roads / openings to the pit/face shall be closed by parapet wall as per rule.

Warning shall be display on “Notice Board” at appropriate places Security personnel shall be posted at every danger point.

No unauthorized person shall be allowed to enter into the mine without prior permission of the management. All men and machinery shall be withdrawn from the mine and shall be kept in a compact and safe place.



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