Corruption, security and peace
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Corruption, security and peace Mark Pyman [email protected] UNODC, Lima Dec 3-5 th 2018 The Security Sector Police Services Gendarmerie Armed Forces Intelligence Services Border guards & customs Private security, militias Relevant Ministries
Transcript of Corruption, security and peace
Corruption, security and peace
Mark Pyman [email protected] UNODC, Lima Dec 3-5th 2018
The Security SectorPolice ServicesGendarmerieArmed Forces
Intelligence ServicesBorder guards & customsPrivate security, militias
Relevant Ministries
The security sector and corruption
Vast quantities of assets that are easy to steal
Security forces can be Predator rather than Protector
Military capability is negated by corruption
Conflict is perpetuated by corruption
Defence & Security are easy sources of VQA
Equipment
Food & fuel
Salary chain
Off-budget
Private armies
Extortion
Corruption prevention in defence & security
Sector focus & expertise
PFM standards in security
Sector-specific priorities
International standards
International norms
Corruption prevention in defence & security
Professional standards
Poor practices
Secrecy and confidentiality rules are way out of order. They favour internal convenience and therefore corruption.
Corruption control inside police forces is routinely poor, in almost all countries
Poor oversight: of spending, of military-owned businesses, of state-owned suppliers
Parliamentary oversight of defence/police is usually weak
Whistleblowing is in its infancy in the security sector.
Poor transparency of defence budget and defence spendingCorruption is recognised but not yet actioned as a central issue in stability/fragility/conflict/reconstruction policy
Corruption prevention in defence & security
Professional standards
Good practices
Low percentage of secret defence budgets
Integrity initiative throughout a military force (e.g. Colombia)
National Procurement apex organisation, meeting weekly
Detailed comparative metrics of corruption vulnerability
Public Expenditure Reviews of the Security sector
Expertise groups assisting Ministries & forces
Civil society/Journalist attention to defence corruption cases
Improved practices within arms companies: use of agents, due diligence, compliance, whistle-blowing (e.g. Lockheed, Thales)
Publication of audit findings in defence/police
Corruption risks and issues in peace agreements
Corruption prevention in defence & securityProfessional standards
Example: Colombia
Suggestions for UNCAC 7-2
Mark Pyman [email protected] UNODC, Lima Dec 3-5th 2018
• Establish a FATF equivalent entity: A Security Integrity Task Force? Structured like FATF, with 20 good practice recommendations, a similar non-binding organisation format, and voluntary membership?
• Establish an international good governance defence framework. See TI proposal
• Follow up the UNODC Sept 2018 UNSC briefing on “Maintenance of International Peace and Security: Corruption and Conflict” with proposals.
• Propose anti-corruption centres of expertise in other sectors that also suffer from VQA corruption. For example: Electricity and Power Generation; Telecomms; Banking; Culture and tourism.
• Propose national anti-corruption plans and draft the substantive contents list
