CORRELATION OF THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AND SIERRA … · CV DP}}}}}-----Probable equivalents of the...

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? ? ? ? ? ? ? Bear Mountains Fault Melones Fault Calaver as Shoo Fly Fault Sonora Fault ? ? ? ? Z378 Z314 Z140 Z140 Z204 Z196 Z164 Z193 Z140 Z168 Z205 Z162 Z162 Z159 Z423 Z388 Z409 Z385 Z368 Z385 Z385 Z164 Z163 Z162 Z163 Z165 Z162 Z166 Z304 Z177 Z216 Z170 Z162 Z280 Z173 Z164 Z190 Z199 Z198 Z148 Z151 Z162 Z166 Z182 Z200 Z196 Z116 Z163 Z150 Z147 Z149 Z88 Z86 Z103 Z146 Z138 Z96 Z117 Z151 Z151 Z118 Z112 Z97 Z98 Z123 Z100 Z100 Z93 Z98 Z91 Z105 Z108 Z111 Z115 Z111 Z76 Z99 Z114 Z115 Z124 Z110 Z103 Z90 Z113 Z102 Z112 Z93 Z116 Z93 Z104 Z88 Z93 Z88 Z90 Z199 Z214 Z161 Z90 Z161 Z89 Z169 Z207 Z202 Z172 Z168 Z167 Z95 Z167 Z155 Z198 Z158 Z163 Z103 Z164 Z181 Z148 Z174 Z174 Z156 Z186 Z161 Z169 Z154 Z149 Z~132 Z~116 Z~119 Z~102 Z~108 Z~113 Z~210 Z~210 Z~201 Z~160 Z120 Z130 Z110 Z125 Z117 Z118 Z124 Z120 Z270-305 Z191-225 Z168 Z118 Z270-305 Z118 Z270-305 Z115 Z102 Z116 Z120 Z115 Z150-190 Z190-225 Z190-305 Z157 Z170 Z169 Z98 Z125 Z154 Z121 Z120 Z114 Z100 Z97 Z101 Z100 Z100 Z102 Z113 Z102 Z112 Z111 Z114 Z111 Z112 Z106 Z128 Z110 Z110 Z86 Z99 Z108 Z97 Z97 Z103 Z103 Z165 Z112 Z115 Z100 Z91 Z83 Z87 Z85 Z108 Z104 Z98 Z98 Z159 Z170 Z152 Z125 Z94 Z86 Z97 Z98 Z100 Z143 Z150 Z207 Z209 Z168 Z159 Z161 Z158 Z163 Z142 Z133 Z170 Z175 Z~165 Z160 Z166 Z141 Z142 Z128 Z159 Z159 Z159 Z142 Z142 Z97 ? Z286 Gibson Pk Granite Pk Monument Pk Walker Point Z~169 Orleans Mtn Youngs Pk Antelope Mtn Quartzite White Rock Z 156 Wimer Jacksonville Z 154 Greyback Z~160 Grants Pass Z 139 Chetco complex Z~155-160 Squaw Mtn Z~160 Gold Hill Z 148 Z 174 Ashland Z~161 Buckskin Peak H 148 Thompson Ridge Z 162 Coon Mtn complex Z 142 & 145 Bear Mtn complex Slinkard Z 162 Vesa Bluffs H 165 Summit Valley Z 150 Pony Peak Z 146 Wooley Creek Z 162 Heather Lake H 167 Skookum Gulch Z ~567 Somes Bar Z 193-208 Z 149 Z 153 Yellow Butte h 138 Russian Peak Z~159 Craggy Pk b 136 Forks of Salmon Z ~174 English Pk Z~160-164 Deadman Pk Z 141-145 Castle Crags Rb/Sr 162.5+/-11.5 China Creek Caribou Mtn H 138 Canyon Cr Z141-145 z 160-170 Horseshoe Lake b 133 Sugar Pine h 137 Denny complex Z ~168 East Fork h 149 b 164 Porcupine Lake Z 404 Bonanza King Z 431 China Mtn Z 415 Z 149 C P gabbro H 418 & 439 Pit River Stk Z 260 Mule Mtn Z 400 Shasta Bally Z 136 Price Creek Z ~170 Pigeon Point h 169 & 171 Ironside Mtn Z 170 Ammon Ridge Z 147-151 Saddle Gulch h 189 Glen Creek Z 147-151 Bear Wallow Z 193 Wildwood Z 169 Basin Gulch Z 170 Beegum Z 207 White Rock Z 193 Star Mtn Z 198 Hogback Mtn p~167 Kettle Mtn p~120-130 Mono Lake Bishop Yosemite Village San Andreas fault Bakersfield Fresno Merced Auburn Chico Marysville Truckee Feather River Inn Lake Tahoe Almanor L. Susanville Bridgeport Lone Pine Visalia Mojave Quincy Garlock fault Redding Yreka Medford Red Bluff Kaweah ophiolitic melange Kings River ophiolite Tuolumne ophiolitic melange Bear Mountains ophiolitic melange Somerset Standard Coloma Pine Hill Penryn Yuba Rivers Swede Flat Bald Rock Merrimac Cascade Concow Grizzly Bucks Lake Wolf Creek Haypress Creek Bowman Lake Emigrant Gap PLUTONIC ROCKS, divided into: Sierra Nevada batholith; mainly 125 Ma to 82 Ma; mid-Early ~140 Ma (U/Pb); early Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) ~150 Ma (U/Pb); late Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian) ~160 Ma (U/Pb); early Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) ~170 Ma (U/Pb); late Middle Jurassic (Bathonian-Callovian) ~200 Ma (U/Pb); mid-Early Jurassic (Sinemurian) Greater than ~370 Ma (U/Pb); Late Devonian or older U/Pb date not available, or conflicting data If Ichthyosaur fossil locality (Triassic) T Tethyan fossil fauna (Permian) in limestone blocks in Eastern Hayfork terrane, Mc McCloud fossil fauna (Permian) If Scale 1:1,000,000 Mc Mc Mc RAS T T T T If Dated intrusive (age color) of small or unknown extent, Z151 Sample locality, with "Z" indicating zircon, followed by U/Pb age (Ma): In the Klamath Mountains, "H" indicates 40 Ar/39Ar age measured on hornblende; "h" indicates K/Ar on hornblende; "b" indicates K/Ar on biotite; "p" indicates K/Ar on plagioclase; and "R" indicates Rb/Sr on whole rock: U/Pb dates are correlated with the geologic time scale of Palmer and Geissman (1999) DP DP ML AR AR MA ML ML CQ LC LC FC AR FrC AR FC FC SC SC FC FC SC CV CV CV M M M M TOM Guadalupe SUPERJACENT ROCKS Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks; locally present but not shown in much of central Sierra Nevada Cretaceous overlap assemblages, including Hornbrook Formation (Kh), Chico Formation (Kc), and the Cretaceous part of the Great Valley sequence (Kgv). SUBJACENT ROCKS OF KLAMATH MOUNTAINS Northern Sierra terrane Soda Ravine terrane; slaty argillite with tectonic blocks of Permian and Late Triassic limestone Butt Valley subterrane; thrust block of Taylor Fm. and Late Triassic conglomerate and limestone Taylorsville sequence: Late Devonian to Pennsylvanian; depositional on Shoo Fly complex; includes Jurassic volcanic arc units: Early to Middle Jurassic; includes Kettlerock and Mt. Jura sequences, Calaveras terrane; late Paleozoic and/or Triassic chert-argillite melange Central belt: Includes Fiddle Creek terrane (FC), Slate Creek terrane (SC), Lake Combie terrane (LC) American River terrane (AR), Mount Ararat terrane (MA), Cool Quarry terrane (CQ), French Creek terrane (FrC), Mother Lode terrane (ML), Tuolumne ophiolitic melange (TOM), Jasper Point and Penon Blanco Fms. and unassigned serpentiniferous melange Smartville complex (including Pine Hill complex) Jurassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks Red Ant Schist; Triassic(?) metamorphic age Roof pendants in Sierra Nevada batholith Kings-Kaweah ophiolitic melange of Saleeby and Sharp (1980) Don Pedro terrane; pre-Jurassic melange overlain by Jurassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks Feather River terrane: mostly serpentinized peridotite and related ultramafic and mafic rocks; includes Devils Gate ophiolite (vertical pattern) Foothills belt Mainly slaty sedimentary rocks of the Upper Jurassic Mariposa Fm and similar rocks; upper Oxfordian and lower Permian volcanic arc sequence; includes Goodhue, Arlington, and Reeves Fms. Late Jurassic fossil locality; mainly late Oxfordian to early Kimmeridgian Buchia concentrica and Callovian to early Kimmeridgian ammonites (Diller, 1907; Imlay, 1959 and 1961; red localities from S.A. Paterson, written commun., 2001) Kimmeridgian; interfinger with and overlie upper part of Logtown Ridge Fm and similar volcanics; depositional and Tuttle Lake and Sailor Canyon Fms. Grizzly, Sierra Buttes, Taylor and Peale Fms.; pattern also includes small areas of rocks (labeled LT) of Late Triassic Pit Fm. and Hosselkus Limestone (small uncolored area at eastern If locality) Kc Kc Kc Kc Terrane boundary Cretaceous (Hauterivian) to mid-Late Cretaceous (Campanian) or east of Sierra Nevada on older Jurassic volcanic formations and melange(?); locally contain ammonites and Buchia concentrica; generally ~130 Ma (U/Pb); mid-Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian) Plutonic rocks east and south of Sierra Nevada Mesozoic to Precambrian sedimentary, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks Sheet 1: Map showing accreted terranes and plutons of the Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada Compiled by William P. Irwin 2002 EXPLANATION OF MAP UNITS Redding subterrane Trinity subterrane: Mostly serpentinized peridotite; intruded by Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic plagiogranite and gabbro; locally overlain by patches of mafic volcanic rocks Yreka subterrane: includes early Paleozoic Gazelle Fm., Moffett Creek Fm., Duzel Phyllite, schist of Skookum Gulch (which includes blocks of Early Cambrian plutonic rock), and the Antelope Mountain Quartzite (dark overprint) of late Neoproterozoic age (Lindsley-Griffin and others, 2002) Eastern Klamath terrane Central Metamorphic terrane; Devonian metamorphic rocks; includes Abrams Mica Schist and Salmon Hornblende Schist, and unnamed rocks in the Yreka-Scott Valley area Fort Jones terrane (aka Stuart Fork terrane); Triassic(?) metamorphic age North Fork terrane Eastern Hayfork subterrane Western Hayfork subterrane Undivided Hayfork terrane and correlative(?) rocks in Oregon Hayfork terrane Rattlesnake Creek terrane Condrey Mountain terrane; schistose metasediments, amphibolite, May Creek terrane; schistose metasedimentary rocks and amphibolite; Western Klamath terrane; includes Smith River, Rogue Valley, Dry Butte, and Briggs Creek subterranes T Mc Mc If T T DGO RAS DGO Early Triassic conodont locality in Calaveras Fm. (Bateman and others, 1985) Kh Kgv Kgv SUBJACENT ROCKS OF SIERRA NEVADA Jurassic volcanic arc sequence: Early to Middle Jurassic; includes Potem Fm., Bagley Andesite, and Arvison Fm. Triassic units include: Modin Fm., Brock Shale, Hosselkus Limestone , and Pit Fm. Permian arc sequence includes: Bully Hill Rhyolite, Dekkas Andesite, Nosoni Fm., McCloud Limestone, and upper part of Baird Fm. Bragdon Formation: Mississippian age poorly constrained; probably unconformable on underlying early Paleozoic arc Early Paleozoic arc sequence: Middle Devonian and older; includes Kennett Fm., Balaklala Rhyolite, and Copley Greenstone This map combines and modifies two Open-File maps (OF 99-374; Klamath Mountains: and OF 01-299; Sierra Nevada) that had been compiled and modified mainly from Jennings (1977), Harwood (1992), Irwin (1994), Jayko (1988), Graymer and Jones (1994), Edelman and Sharp (1989), Schweickert and others (1999), Saucedo and Wagner (1992), Saleeby and Sharp (1980), and Wagner and others (1981), but also various other sources. For detailed lists of sources for the isotopic age data see Irwin and Wooden (1999 and 2001). Isotopic age data for the Klamath Mountains are from Albers and others (1981), Everenden and Kistler (1970), Fraticelli and others (1985), Gray (1985), Hacker and Ernst (1993), Harper and others (1994), Hotz (1971), Kistler (1999), Lanphere and Jones (1978), Lanphere and others (1968), Lanphere in Irwin (1985), Renne (1987), Saleeby and Harper (1993), Saleeby and others (1982), Wallin (1990), Wallin and Metcalf (1998), Wooden in Irwin and Wooden (1999), Wright (1981), Wright and Fahan (1988), and Yule (1996). The isotopic age data for the Sierra Nevada are from Bateman (1992), Chen and Moore (1979; 1982), Edelman and others (1989), Girty and others (1995), Guglielmo (1993), Saleeby (1982), Saleeby and Berman (1979), Saleeby and Sharp (1979; 1980), Saleeby and others (1987a; 1987b; 1987c; 1989a; 1989c), Stern and others (1981), Wooden and others (1999), and Wooden in Irwin and Wooden (2001). RAS } } } } } ---------------Probable equivalents of the Central Metamorphic terrane occur locally as micaceous, feldspathic, and amphibolitic schists along the Feather River terrane (Hacker and Peacock, 1990) and blueschist; probably pre-Late Jurassic cut by ~160 Ma plutons Galice Fm.; mildly slaty argillite and graywacke of the Smith River and Rogue Valley subterranes; locally contains Buchia concentrica; correlative with Mariposa Fm. Shoo Fly Complex; includes four thrust slices of Ordovician(?) to pre-Late Devonian rocks; the structurally lowest slice (dark overprint where mapped by D'Allura and others (1977)) is the Lang sequence, which is mainly quartzite and pelite and may be correlative with the Neoproterozoic Antelope Mountain Quartzite CORRELATION OF THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AND SIERRA NEVADA c c c c folded and faulted into rocks of the Central belt and western Foothills belt Cold Fork Flt Coast Range Flt South Fork Flt SUBJACENT ROCKS EAST AND SOUTH OF SIERRA NEVADA Complex the Lake Tahoe sequence of probable Devonian, Mississippian, and Jurassic ages LT LT LT LT Note: Colored volcanic pattern is shown only on dominantly volcanic units of the above stratigraphic columns Central belt melange, and Kaweah ophiolitic melange PLUTONIC ROCKS, divided into: Sierra Nevada batholith; mainly 125 Ma to 82 Ma; mid-Early ~140 Ma (U/Pb); early Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) ~150 Ma (U/Pb); late Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian) ~160 Ma (U/Pb); early Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) ~170 Ma (U/Pb); late Middle Jurassic (Bathonian-Callovian) ~200 Ma (U/Pb); mid-Early Jurassic (Sinemurian) Greater than ~370 Ma (U/Pb); Late Devonian or older U/Pb date not available, or conflicting data If Ichthyosaur fossil locality (Triassic) T Tethyan fossil fauna (Permian) in limestone blocks in Eastern Hayfork terrane, Mc McCloud fossil fauna (Permian) 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 Kilometers Scale 1:1,000,000 10 0 20 40 60 80 Miles Dated intrusive (age color) of small or unknown extent, Z151 Sample locality, with "Z" indicating zircon, followed by U/Pb age (Ma): In the Klamath Mountains, "H" indicates 40 Ar/39Ar age measured on hornblende; "h" indicates K/Ar on hornblende; "b" indicates K/Ar on biotite; "p" indicates K/Ar on plagioclase; and "R" indicates Rb/Sr on whole rock: U/Pb dates are correlated with the geologic time scale of Palmer and Geissman (1999) SUPERJACENT ROCKS Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks; locally present but not shown in much of central Sierra Nevada Cretaceous overlap assemblages, including Hornbrook Formation (Kh), Chico Formation (Kc), and the Cretaceous part of the Great Valley sequence (Kgv). SUBJACENT ROCKS OF KLAMATH MOUNTAINS Northern Sierra terrane Soda Ravine terrane; slaty argillite with tectonic blocks of Permian and Late Triassic limestone Butt Valley subterrane; thrust block of Taylor Fm. and Late Triassic conglomerate and limestone Taylorsville sequence: Late Devonian to Pennsylvanian; depositional on Shoo Fly complex; includes Jurassic volcanic arc units: Early to Middle Jurassic; includes Kettlerock and Mt. Jura sequences, Calaveras terrane; late Paleozoic and/or Triassic chert-argillite melange Central belt: Includes Fiddle Creek terrane (FC), Slate Creek terrane (SC), Lake Combie terrane (LC) American River terrane (AR), Mount Ararat terrane (MA), Cool Quarry terrane (CQ), French Creek terrane (FrC), Mother Lode terrane (ML), Tuolumne ophiolitic melange (TOM), Jasper Point Fm. (JP), Penon Blanco Fm. (PB), and unassigned serpentiniferous melange Smartville complex (including Pine Hill complex) Jurassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks Red Ant Schist; Triassic(?) metamorphic age Roof pendants in Sierra Nevada batholith Kings-Kaweah ophiolitic melange of Saleeby and Sharp (1980) Don Pedro terrane; pre-Jurassic melange overlain by Jurassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks Feather River terrane: mostly serpentinized peridotite and related ultramafic and mafic rocks; includes Devils Gate ophiolite (vertical pattern) Foothills belt Mainly slaty sedimentary rocks of the Upper Jurassic Mariposa Fm and similar rocks; upper Oxfordian and lower Permian volcanic arc sequence; includes Goodhue, Arlington, and Reeves Fms. Late Jurassic fossil locality; mainly late Oxfordian to early Kimmeridgian Buchia concentrica and Callovian to early Kimmeridgian ammonites (Diller, 1907; Imlay, 1959 and 1961; red localities from S.A. Paterson, written commun., 2001) Kimmeridgian; interfinger with and overlie upper part of Logtown Ridge Fm and similar volcanics; depositional and Tuttle Lake and Sailor Canyon Fms. Grizzly, Sierra Buttes, Taylor and Peale Fms.; pattern also includes small areas of rocks (labeled LT) of Late Triassic Pit Fm. and Hosselkus Limestone (small uncolored area at eastern If locality) Terrane boundary Cretaceous (Hauterivian) to mid-Late Cretaceous (Campanian) or east of Sierra Nevada on older Jurassic volcanic formations and melange(?); locally contain ammonites and Buchia concentrica; generally ~130 Ma (U/Pb); mid-Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian) Plutonic rocks east and south of Sierra Nevada Mesozoic to Precambrian sedimentary, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks Sheet 1: Map showing accreted terranes and plutons of the Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada Compiled by William P. Irwin 2003 EXPLANATION OF MAP UNITS Redding subterrane Trinity subterrane: Mostly serpentinized peridotite; intruded by Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic plagiogranite and gabbro; locally overlain by patches of mafic volcanic rocks Yreka subterrane: includes early Paleozoic Gazelle Fm., Moffett Creek Fm., Duzel Phyllite, schist of Skookum Gulch (which includes blocks of Early Cambrian plutonic rock), and the Antelope Mountain Quartzite (dark overprint) of late Neoproterozoic age (Lindsley-Griffin and others, 2002) Eastern Klamath terrane Central Metamorphic terrane; Devonian metamorphic rocks; includes Abrams Mica Schist and Salmon Hornblende Schist, and unnamed rocks in the Yreka-Scott Valley area Fort Jones terrane (aka Stuart Fork terrane); Triassic(?) metamorphic age North Fork terrane Eastern Hayfork subterrane Western Hayfork subterrane Undivided Hayfork terrane and correlative(?) rocks in Oregon Hayfork terrane Rattlesnake Creek terrane Condrey Mountain terrane; schistose metasediments, amphibolite, May Creek terrane; schistose metasedimentary rocks and amphibolite; Western Klamath terrane; includes Smith River, Rogue Valley, Dry Butte, and Briggs Creek subterranes DGO Early Triassic conodont locality in Calaveras Fm. (Bateman and others, 1985) SUBJACENT ROCKS OF SIERRA NEVADA Jurassic volcanic arc sequence: Early to Middle Jurassic; includes Potem Fm., Bagley Andesite, and Arvison Fm. Triassic units include: Modin Fm., Brock Shale, Hosselkus Limestone , and Pit Fm. Permian arc sequence includes: Bully Hill Rhyolite, Dekkas Andesite, Nosoni Fm., McCloud Limestone, and upper part of Baird Fm. Bragdon Formation: Mississippian age poorly constrained; probably unconformable on underlying early Paleozoic arc Early Paleozoic arc sequence: Middle Devonian and older; includes Kennett Fm., Balaklala Rhyolite, and Copley Greenstone This map combines and modifies two Open-File maps (OF 99-374; Klamath Mountains: and OF 01-299; Sierra Nevada) that had been compiled and modified mainly from Jennings (1977), Harwood (1992), Irwin (1994), Jayko (1988), Graymer and Jones (1994), Edelman and Sharp (1989), Schweickert and others (1999), Saucedo and Wagner (1992), Saleeby and Sharp (1980), and Wagner and others (1981 and 1991), and various other sources. For detailed lists of sources for the isotopic age data see Irwin and Wooden (1999 and 2001). Isotopic age data for the Klamath Mountains are from Albers and others (1981), Everenden and Kistler (1970), Fraticelli and others (1985), Gray (1985), Hacker and Ernst (1993), Harper and others (1994), Hotz (1971), Kistler (1999), Lanphere and Jones (1978), Lanphere and others (1968), Lanphere in Irwin (1985), Renne (1987), Saleeby and Harper (1993), Saleeby and others (1982), Wallin (1990), Wallin and Metcalf (1998), Wooden in Irwin and Wooden (1999), Wright (1981), Wright and Fahan (1988), and Yule (1996). The isotopic age data for the Sierra Nevada are from Bateman (1992), Chen and Moore (1979; 1982), Edelman and others (1989), Girty and others (1995), Guglielmo (1993), Saleeby (1982), Saleeby and Berman (1979), Saleeby and Sharp (1979; 1980), Saleeby and others (1987a; 1987b; 1987c; 1989a; 1989c), Stern and others (1981), Wooden and others (1999), and Wooden in Irwin and Wooden (2001). RAS CV DP } } } } } ---------------Probable equivalents of the Central Metamorphic terrane occur locally as micaceous, feldspathic, and amphibolitic schists along the Feather River terrane (Hacker and Peacock, 1990) and blueschist; probably pre-Late Jurassic cut by ~160 Ma plutons Galice Fm.; mildly slaty argillite and graywacke of the Smith River and Rogue Valley subterranes; locally contains Buchia concentrica; correlative with Mariposa Fm. 124° 122° 120° M O D O C P L A T E A U C O A S T R A N G E S S A L I N I A N B L O C K G R E A T V A L L E Y K L A M A T H M T N S S I E R R A N E V A D A S a n A n d r e a s F a u l t 42° 40° 38° 36° OREGON CALIFORNIA NEVADA P A C I F I C O C E A N Medford Eureka Redding Chico San Francisco Sacramento Bakersfield Shoo Fly Complex; includes four thrust slices of Ordovician(?) to pre-Late Devonian rocks; the structurally lowest slice (dark overprint where mapped by D'Allura and others (1977)) is the Lang sequence, which is mainly quartzite and pelite and may be correlative with the Neoproterozoic Antelope Mountain Quartzite CORRELATION OF THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AND SIERRA NEVADA c c c c folded and faulted into rocks of the Central belt and western Foothills belt B A S I N A N D R A N G E SUBJACENT ROCKS EAST AND SOUTH OF SIERRA NEVADA the Lake Tahoe sequence of probable Devonian, Mississippian, and Jurassic ages Note: Colored volcanic pattern is shown only on dominantly volcanic units of the above stratigraphic columns Central belt melange, and Kaweah ophiolitic melange South Fork Flt Coast Range Flt JP PB This map is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product,or firm names in this report is for descriptive uses only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 120 39 119 38 118 117 37 36 117 35 118 119 121 40 122 124 123 42 42 41 40 43 43 124 41 123 ALBIAN APTIAN BARREMIAN HAUTERIVIAN VALANGINIAN BERRIASIAN MAASTRICHTIAN CAMPANIAN CENOMANIAN TITHONIAN KIMMERIDGIAN OXFORDIAN CALLOVIAN BATHONIAN BAJOCIAN AALENIAN TOARCIAN PLIENSBACHIAN SINEMURIAN HETTANGIAN NORIAN CARNIAN LADINIAN ANISIAN OLENEKIAN GIVETIAN EIFELIAN EMSIAN FAMENNIAN FRASNIAN SANTON./CONIAC. TURONIAN 65 Ma 99.0 144 161 180 206 227 245 290 323 364 412 Separation episode Western Klamath episode Rattlesnake Creek episode Western Hayfork episode Eastern Hayfork episode North Fork episode Fort Jones episode Central Metamorphic episode DEVONIAN MISS. PENN. TRIASSIC JURASSIC CRETACEOUS PERMIAN Early Middle Late Early L E M Late Early Middle Late Early Late 112 121 127 132 137 150 154 164 169 176 190 195 202 221 380 400 391 370 242 234 93.5 89.0 83.5 71.3 Copley Greenstone Balaklala Rhyolite Kennett Fm. Bragdon Fm. Baird Fm. McCloud Limestone Nosoni Fm. Dekkas Andesite Pit Fm. Brock Shale Hosselkus Limestone Modin Fm. Arvison Fm. Bagley Andesite Potem Fm. Bully Hill Rhyo. and Swearinger Slate Hosselkus Limestone Pit Fm. Reeve Fm. Goodhue Fm. Arlington Fm. PEALE FM Chert mbr Lower mbr Taylor Fm Sierra Buttes Fm. Grizzly Fm Shoo Fly Complex ? ? ? ? ? REDDING SUBTERRANE STRATIGRAPHY OF STRATIGRAPHY OF NORTHERN SIERRA TERRANE ? ? ? SILURIAN AND OLDER ? ? ? ? 70 Ma 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 70 Ma 80 90 110 120 130 140 150 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 Taylorsville sequence Permian volcanic arc sequence Triassic sequence Jurassic volcanic arc units Kettlerock and Mt. Jura sequences, and Tuttle Lake and Sailor Canyon Formations } } } } } Histogram of dated plutonism in Klamath Mountains Histogram of dated plutonism in Sierra Nevada Sierra Nevada Batholith 100 160 (after Harwood, 1992) Geologic Time Scale is after Palmer and Geissman (1983) except for ages of boundaries from Callovian to Tithonian which are after Pessagno and Blome (1990) RHAETIAN 210 248 INDUAN TATARIAN ARTINSKIAN SAKMARIAN ASSELIAN GZELIAN KASIMOVIAN MOSCOVIAN BASHKIRIAN SERPUKHOVIAN VISEAN TOURNAISIAN UFIMAN- KAZANIAN 252 256 KUNGURIAN 260 269 282 296 303 311 327 342 354 PRAGHIAN LOCKHOVIAN 417 Ultramafic and ~160 Ma granitoid rx Rand Schist U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SHEET 1 0F 2 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN-FILE REPORT 02-490

Transcript of CORRELATION OF THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AND SIERRA … · CV DP}}}}}-----Probable equivalents of the...

Page 1: CORRELATION OF THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AND SIERRA … · CV DP}}}}}-----Probable equivalents of the Central Metamorphic terrane occur locally as micaceous, feldspathic, and amphibolitic

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Bear Mountains Fault Melones Fault

Calaveras

Shoo Fly

Fault

Sonora Fault

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Z378

Z314

Z140

Z140

Z204

Z196

Z164

Z193

Z140

Z168

Z205

Z162

Z162 Z159

Z423

Z388 Z409Z385

Z368Z385

Z385Z164

Z163

Z162

Z163

Z165

Z162

Z166

Z304

Z177Z216

Z170 Z162

Z280

Z173

Z164

Z190Z199

Z198

Z148

Z151

Z162

Z166

Z182

Z200Z196

Z116Z163

Z150

Z147

Z149

Z88

Z86

Z103

Z146

Z138

Z96

Z117

Z151

Z151

Z118

Z112

Z97

Z98

Z123

Z100

Z100 Z93

Z98

Z91

Z105

Z108

Z111Z115

Z111

Z76

Z99

Z114

Z115

Z124Z110

Z103

Z90

Z113

Z102

Z112Z93

Z116

Z93

Z104

Z88

Z93

Z88

Z90

Z199

Z214

Z161Z90

Z161

Z89

Z169 Z207

Z202

Z172

Z168

Z167

Z95

Z167

Z155

Z198

Z158

Z163

Z103Z164

Z181

Z148

Z174

Z174

Z156

Z186

Z161

Z169

Z154 Z149

Z~132

Z~116

Z~119

Z~102

Z~108

Z~113

Z~210

Z~210

Z~201

Z~160

Z120

Z130Z110

Z125Z117

Z118

Z124Z120

Z270-305Z191-225

Z168

Z118

Z270-305

Z118

Z270-305

Z115

Z102

Z116

Z120

Z115Z150-190Z190-225

Z190-305

Z157Z170

Z169

Z98Z125Z154

Z121

Z120

Z114

Z100

Z97Z101

Z100

Z100

Z102

Z113

Z102

Z112Z111Z114

Z111Z112 Z106 Z128

Z110

Z110 Z86

Z99Z108

Z97

Z97

Z103Z103

Z165Z112

Z115

Z100Z91

Z83Z87

Z85

Z108

Z104

Z98

Z98

Z159

Z170

Z152

Z125

Z94

Z86

Z97

Z98

Z100

Z143

Z150

Z207Z209

Z168

Z159

Z161

Z158

Z163

Z142

Z133

Z170

Z175

Z~165

Z160

Z166

Z141 Z142

Z128

Z159

Z159

Z159

Z142

Z142

Z97

?

Z286

Gibson Pk

Granite Pk

Monument Pk

Walker PointZ~169

Orleans Mtn

Youngs Pk

Antelope Mtn Quartzite

White RockZ 156

Wimer

JacksonvilleZ 154

GreybackZ~160

Grants PassZ 139

Chetco complexZ~155-160

Squaw Mtn

Z~160

Gold HillZ 148

Z 174AshlandZ~161

Buckskin PeakH 148

Thompson RidgeZ 162

Coon Mtn complexZ 142 & 145

Bear Mtncomplex Slinkard

Z 162

Vesa BluffsH 165

Summit Valley Z 150

Pony PeakZ 146

Wooley CreekZ 162

Heather LakeH 167

SkookumGulchZ ~567

Somes BarZ 193-208

Z 149Z 153

Yellow Butteh 138

Russian PeakZ~159

Craggy Pkb 136

Forks of SalmonZ ~174

English PkZ~160-164

Deadman PkZ 141-145

Castle CragsRb/Sr 162.5+/-11.5

ChinaCreek

Caribou MtnH 138

Canyon CrZ141-145z 160-170

Horseshoe Lakeb 133

Sugar Pine h 137

Denny complexZ ~168

East Forkh 149b 164

PorcupineLake Z 404

Bonanza King Z 431

China MtnZ 415

Z 149

C P gabbroH 418 &439

Pit River StkZ 260

Mule Mtn Z 400Shasta Bally

Z 136

Price Creek Z ~170

Pigeon Pointh 169 & 171

Ironside MtnZ 170

AmmonRidgeZ 147-151

Saddle Gulchh 189

Glen CreekZ 147-151

Bear WallowZ 193

WildwoodZ 169

Basin GulchZ 170

BeegumZ 207

White RockZ 193

Star MtnZ 198

Hogback Mtnp~167

Kettle Mtnp~120-130

Mono Lake

Bishop

YosemiteVillage

San Andreas fault

Bakersfield

Fresno

Merced

Auburn

Chico

Marysville

Truckee

FeatherRiver Inn

LakeTahoe

Almanor

L.

Susanville

Bridgeport

Lone Pine

Visalia

Mojave

Quincy

Garlock

fault

Redding

Yreka

Medford

Red Bluff

Kaweah ophiolitic melange

Kings River ophiolite

Tuolumne ophiolitic melange

Bear Mountains ophiolitic melange

Somerset

Standard

Coloma

PineHill

Penryn

YubaRivers

SwedeFlat

BaldRock

Merrimac

Cascade

Concow

GrizzlyBucksLake

WolfCreek

HaypressCreek

BowmanLake

EmigrantGap

PLUTONIC ROCKS, divided into:

Sierra Nevada batholith; mainly 125 Ma to 82 Ma; mid-Early

~140 Ma (U/Pb); early Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)

~150 Ma (U/Pb); late Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)

~160 Ma (U/Pb); early Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)

~170 Ma (U/Pb); late Middle Jurassic (Bathonian-Callovian)

~200 Ma (U/Pb); mid-Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)

Greater than ~370 Ma (U/Pb); Late Devonian or older

U/Pb date not available, or conflicting data

If Ichthyosaur fossil locality (Triassic)

T Tethyan fossil fauna (Permian) in limestone blocks in Eastern Hayfork terrane,

Mc McCloud fossil fauna (Permian)

If

Scale 1:1,000,000

Mc

Mc

McRAS

T

T

T

T

If

Dated intrusive (age color) of small or unknown extent,

Z151 Sample locality, with "Z" indicating zircon, followed by U/Pb age (Ma): In the Klamath Mountains, "H" indicates 40 Ar/39Ar age measured on hornblende; "h" indicates K/Ar on hornblende; "b" indicates K/Ar on biotite; "p" indicates K/Ar on plagioclase; and "R" indicates Rb/Sr on whole rock: U/Pb dates are correlated with the geologic time scale of Palmer and Geissman (1999)

DP

DP

ML

ARAR

MA

ML

ML

CQ

LCLC

FC

AR

FrC

AR

FC

FC

SC

SC

FC

FC

SC

CV

CV

CV

MM

M

M

TOM

Guadalupe

SUPERJACENT ROCKS

Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks; locally present but not shown in much of central Sierra Nevada

Cretaceous overlap assemblages, including Hornbrook Formation (Kh), Chico Formation (Kc), and the Cretaceous part of the Great Valley sequence (Kgv).

SUBJACENT ROCKS OF KLAMATH MOUNTAINS

Nor

ther

n Si

erra

terr

ane

Soda Ravine terrane; slaty argillite with tectonic blocks of Permian and Late Triassic limestone

Butt Valley subterrane; thrust block of Taylor Fm. and Late Triassic conglomerate and limestone

Taylorsville sequence: Late Devonian to Pennsylvanian; depositional on Shoo Fly complex; includes

Jurassic volcanic arc units: Early to Middle Jurassic; includes Kettlerock and Mt. Jura sequences,

Calaveras terrane; late Paleozoic and/or Triassic chert-argillite melange

Central belt: Includes Fiddle Creek terrane (FC), Slate Creek terrane (SC), Lake Combie terrane (LC) American River terrane (AR), Mount Ararat terrane (MA), Cool Quarry terrane (CQ), French Creek terrane (FrC), Mother Lode terrane (ML), Tuolumne ophiolitic melange (TOM), Jasper Point and Penon Blanco Fms. and unassigned serpentiniferous melange

Smartville complex (including Pine Hill complex)

Jurassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks

Red Ant Schist; Triassic(?) metamorphic age

Roof pendants in Sierra Nevada batholith

Kings-Kaweah ophiolitic melange of Saleeby and Sharp (1980)

Don Pedro terrane; pre-Jurassic melange overlain by Jurassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks

Feather River terrane: mostly serpentinized peridotite and related ultramafic and mafic rocks; includes Devils Gate ophiolite (vertical pattern)

Foot

hills

bel

t

Mainly slaty sedimentary rocks of the Upper Jurassic Mariposa Fm and similar rocks; upper Oxfordian and lower M

Permian volcanic arc sequence; includes Goodhue, Arlington, and Reeves Fms.

Late Jurassic fossil locality; mainly late Oxfordian to early Kimmeridgian Buchia concentrica and Callovian to early Kimmeridgian ammonites (Diller, 1907; Imlay, 1959 and 1961; red localities from S.A. Paterson, written commun., 2001)

Kimmeridgian; interfinger with and overlie upper part of Logtown Ridge Fm and similar volcanics; depositional

and Tuttle Lake and Sailor Canyon Fms.

Grizzly, Sierra Buttes, Taylor and Peale Fms.; pattern also includes small areas of rocks (labeled LT) of

Late Triassic Pit Fm. and Hosselkus Limestone (small uncolored area at eastern If locality)

Kc

Kc

Kc

Kc

Terrane boundary

Cretaceous (Hauterivian) to mid-Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

or east of Sierra Nevada

on older Jurassic volcanic formations and melange(?); locally contain ammonites and Buchia concentrica; generally

~130 Ma (U/Pb); mid-Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian)

Plutonic rocks east and south of Sierra Nevada

Mesozoic to Precambrian sedimentary, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks

Sheet 1: Map showing accreted terranes and plutons of the Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada

Compiled by William P. Irwin2002

EXPLANATION OF MAP UNITS

Red

din

g su

bter

rane

Trinity subterrane: Mostly serpentinized peridotite; intruded by Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic plagiogranite and gabbro; locally overlain by patches of mafic volcanic rocks

Yreka subterrane: includes early Paleozoic Gazelle Fm., Moffett Creek Fm., Duzel Phyllite, schist of Skookum Gulch (which includes blocks of Early Cambrian plutonic rock), and the Antelope Mountain Quartzite (dark overprint) of late Neoproterozoic age (Lindsley-Griffin and others, 2002)

Eas

tern

Kla

mat

h te

rran

e

Central Metamorphic terrane; Devonian metamorphic rocks; includes Abrams Mica Schist and Salmon Hornblende Schist, and unnamed rocks in the Yreka-Scott Valley area

Fort Jones terrane (aka Stuart Fork terrane); Triassic(?) metamorphic age

North Fork terrane

Eastern Hayfork subterrane

Western Hayfork subterrane

Undivided Hayfork terrane and correlative(?) rocks in OregonH

ayfo

rk te

rran

e

Rattlesnake Creek terrane

Condrey Mountain terrane; schistose metasediments, amphibolite,

May Creek terrane; schistose metasedimentary rocks and amphibolite;

Western Klamath terrane; includes Smith River, Rogue Valley, Dry Butte, and Briggs Creek subterranes

T

Mc

Mc

If

TT

DGORAS

DGO

Early Triassic conodont locality in Calaveras Fm. (Bateman and others, 1985)

Kh

Kgv

Kgv

SUBJACENT ROCKS OF SIERRA NEVADA

Jurassic volcanic arc sequence: Early to Middle Jurassic; includes Potem Fm., Bagley Andesite, and Arvison Fm.

Triassic units include: Modin Fm., Brock Shale, Hosselkus Limestone , and Pit Fm.

Permian arc sequence includes: Bully Hill Rhyolite, Dekkas Andesite, Nosoni Fm., McCloud Limestone, and upper part of Baird Fm.Bragdon Formation: Mississippian age poorly constrained; probably unconformable on underlying early Paleozoic arcEarly Paleozoic arc sequence: Middle Devonian and older; includes Kennett Fm., Balaklala Rhyolite, and Copley Greenstone

This map combines and modifies two Open-File maps (OF 99-374; KlamathMountains: and OF 01-299; Sierra Nevada) that had been compiled and modified mainly from Jennings (1977), Harwood (1992), Irwin (1994), Jayko (1988), Graymer and Jones (1994), Edelman and Sharp (1989), Schweickert and others (1999), Saucedo and Wagner (1992), Saleeby and Sharp (1980), and Wagner and others (1981), but also various other sources. For detailed lists of sources for the isotopic age data see Irwin and Wooden (1999 and 2001). Isotopic age data for the Klamath Mountains are from Albers and others (1981), Everenden and Kistler (1970), Fraticelli and others (1985), Gray (1985), Hacker and Ernst (1993), Harper and others (1994), Hotz (1971), Kistler (1999), Lanphere and Jones (1978), Lanphere and others (1968), Lanphere in Irwin (1985), Renne (1987), Saleeby and Harper (1993), Saleeby and others (1982), Wallin (1990), Wallin and Metcalf (1998), Wooden in Irwin and Wooden (1999), Wright (1981), Wright and Fahan (1988), and Yule (1996). The isotopic age data for the Sierra Nevada are from Bateman (1992), Chen and Moore (1979; 1982), Edelman and others (1989), Girty and others (1995), Guglielmo (1993), Saleeby (1982), Saleeby and Berman (1979), Saleeby and Sharp (1979; 1980), Saleeby and others (1987a; 1987b; 1987c; 1989a; 1989c), Stern and others (1981), Wooden and others (1999), and Wooden in Irwin and Wooden (2001).

M

RAS

CV

DP

}} }

}}

---------------Probable equivalents of the Central Metamorphic terrane occur locally as micaceous, feldspathic, and amphibolitic schists along the Feather River terrane (Hacker and Peacock, 1990)

and blueschist; probably pre-Late Jurassic

cut by ~160 Ma plutons

Galice Fm.; mildly slaty argillite and graywacke of the Smith River and Rogue Valley subterranes; locally contains Buchia concentrica;correlative with Mariposa Fm.

Shoo Fly Complex; includes four thrust slices of Ordovician(?) to pre-Late Devonian rocks; the structurally lowest slice (dark overprint where mapped by D'Allura and others (1977)) is the Lang sequence, which ismainly quartzite and pelite and may be correlative with the Neoproterozoic Antelope Mountain Quartzite

CORRELATION OF THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AND SIERRA NEVADA

c

c

cc

folded and faulted into rocks of the Central belt and western Foothills belt

Cold Fork Flt

Coast R

ange Flt

South Fork Flt

SUBJACENT ROCKS EAST AND SOUTH OF SIERRA NEVADA

Complex

the Lake Tahoe sequence of probable Devonian, Mississippian, and Jurassic ages

LT

LT

LTLT

Note: Colored volcanic pattern is shown only on dominantly volcanic units of the above stratigraphic columns

Central belt melange, and Kaweah ophiolitic melange

PLUTONIC ROCKS, divided into:

Sierra Nevada batholith; mainly 125 Ma to 82 Ma; mid-Early

~140 Ma (U/Pb); early Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)

~150 Ma (U/Pb); late Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)

~160 Ma (U/Pb); early Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)

~170 Ma (U/Pb); late Middle Jurassic (Bathonian-Callovian)

~200 Ma (U/Pb); mid-Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)

Greater than ~370 Ma (U/Pb); Late Devonian or older

U/Pb date not available, or conflicting data

If Ichthyosaur fossil locality (Triassic)

T Tethyan fossil fauna (Permian) in limestone blocks in Eastern Hayfork terrane,

Mc McCloud fossil fauna (Permian)

10 0 20 40 60 80 100 Kilometers

Scale 1:1,000,000

10 0 20 40 60 80 Miles

Dated intrusive (age color) of small or unknown extent,

Z151 Sample locality, with "Z" indicating zircon, followed by U/Pb age (Ma): In the Klamath Mountains, "H" indicates 40 Ar/39Ar age measured on hornblende; "h" indicates K/Ar on hornblende; "b" indicates K/Ar on biotite; "p" indicates K/Ar on plagioclase; and "R" indicates Rb/Sr on whole rock: U/Pb dates are correlated with the geologic time scale of Palmer and Geissman (1999)

SUPERJACENT ROCKS

Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks; locally present but not shown in much of central Sierra Nevada

Cretaceous overlap assemblages, including Hornbrook Formation (Kh), Chico Formation (Kc), and the Cretaceous part of the Great Valley sequence (Kgv).

SUBJACENT ROCKS OF KLAMATH MOUNTAINS

Nor

ther

n Si

erra

terr

ane

Soda Ravine terrane; slaty argillite with tectonic blocks of Permian and Late Triassic limestone

Butt Valley subterrane; thrust block of Taylor Fm. and Late Triassic conglomerate and limestone

Taylorsville sequence: Late Devonian to Pennsylvanian; depositional on Shoo Fly complex; includes

Jurassic volcanic arc units: Early to Middle Jurassic; includes Kettlerock and Mt. Jura sequences,

Calaveras terrane; late Paleozoic and/or Triassic chert-argillite melange

Central belt: Includes Fiddle Creek terrane (FC), Slate Creek terrane (SC), Lake Combie terrane (LC) American River terrane (AR), Mount Ararat terrane (MA), Cool Quarry terrane (CQ), French Creek terrane (FrC), Mother Lode terrane (ML), Tuolumne ophiolitic melange (TOM), Jasper Point Fm. (JP), Penon Blanco Fm. (PB), and unassigned serpentiniferous melange

Smartville complex (including Pine Hill complex)

Jurassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks

Red Ant Schist; Triassic(?) metamorphic age

Roof pendants in Sierra Nevada batholith

Kings-Kaweah ophiolitic melange of Saleeby and Sharp (1980)

Don Pedro terrane; pre-Jurassic melange overlain by Jurassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks

Feather River terrane: mostly serpentinized peridotite and related ultramafic and mafic rocks; includes Devils Gate ophiolite (vertical pattern)

Foot

hills

bel

t

Mainly slaty sedimentary rocks of the Upper Jurassic Mariposa Fm and similar rocks; upper Oxfordian and lower M

Permian volcanic arc sequence; includes Goodhue, Arlington, and Reeves Fms.

Late Jurassic fossil locality; mainly late Oxfordian to early Kimmeridgian Buchia concentrica and Callovian to early Kimmeridgian ammonites (Diller, 1907; Imlay, 1959 and 1961; red localities from S.A. Paterson, written commun., 2001)

Kimmeridgian; interfinger with and overlie upper part of Logtown Ridge Fm and similar volcanics; depositional

and Tuttle Lake and Sailor Canyon Fms.

Grizzly, Sierra Buttes, Taylor and Peale Fms.; pattern also includes small areas of rocks (labeled LT) of

Late Triassic Pit Fm. and Hosselkus Limestone (small uncolored area at eastern If locality)

Terrane boundary

Cretaceous (Hauterivian) to mid-Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

or east of Sierra Nevada

on older Jurassic volcanic formations and melange(?); locally contain ammonites and Buchia concentrica; generally

~130 Ma (U/Pb); mid-Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian)

Plutonic rocks east and south of Sierra Nevada

Mesozoic to Precambrian sedimentary, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks

Sheet 1: Map showing accreted terranes and plutons of the Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada

Compiled by William P. Irwin2003

EXPLANATION OF MAP UNITS

Red

din

g su

bter

rane

Trinity subterrane: Mostly serpentinized peridotite; intruded by Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic plagiogranite and gabbro; locally overlain by patches of mafic volcanic rocks

Yreka subterrane: includes early Paleozoic Gazelle Fm., Moffett Creek Fm., Duzel Phyllite, schist of Skookum Gulch (which includes blocks of Early Cambrian plutonic rock), and the Antelope Mountain Quartzite (dark overprint) of late Neoproterozoic age (Lindsley-Griffin and others, 2002)

Eas

tern

Kla

mat

h te

rran

e

Central Metamorphic terrane; Devonian metamorphic rocks; includes Abrams Mica Schist and Salmon Hornblende Schist, and unnamed rocks in the Yreka-Scott Valley area

Fort Jones terrane (aka Stuart Fork terrane); Triassic(?) metamorphic age

North Fork terrane

Eastern Hayfork subterrane

Western Hayfork subterrane

Undivided Hayfork terrane and correlative(?) rocks in OregonH

ayfo

rk te

rran

e

Rattlesnake Creek terrane

Condrey Mountain terrane; schistose metasediments, amphibolite,

May Creek terrane; schistose metasedimentary rocks and amphibolite;

Western Klamath terrane; includes Smith River, Rogue Valley, Dry Butte, and Briggs Creek subterranes

DGO

Early Triassic conodont locality in Calaveras Fm. (Bateman and others, 1985)

SUBJACENT ROCKS OF SIERRA NEVADA

Jurassic volcanic arc sequence: Early to Middle Jurassic; includes Potem Fm., Bagley Andesite, and Arvison Fm.

Triassic units include: Modin Fm., Brock Shale, Hosselkus Limestone , and Pit Fm.

Permian arc sequence includes: Bully Hill Rhyolite, Dekkas Andesite, Nosoni Fm., McCloud Limestone, and upper part of Baird Fm.Bragdon Formation: Mississippian age poorly constrained; probably unconformable on underlying early Paleozoic arcEarly Paleozoic arc sequence: Middle Devonian and older; includes Kennett Fm., Balaklala Rhyolite, and Copley Greenstone

This map combines and modifies two Open-File maps (OF 99-374; KlamathMountains: and OF 01-299; Sierra Nevada) that had been compiled and modified mainly from Jennings (1977), Harwood (1992), Irwin (1994), Jayko (1988), Graymer and Jones (1994), Edelman and Sharp (1989), Schweickert and others (1999), Saucedo and Wagner (1992), Saleeby and Sharp (1980), and Wagner and others (1981and 1991), and various other sources. For detailed lists of sources for the isotopic age data see Irwin and Wooden (1999 and 2001). Isotopic age data for the Klamath Mountains are from Albers and others (1981), Everenden and Kistler (1970), Fraticelli and others (1985), Gray (1985), Hacker and Ernst (1993), Harper and others (1994), Hotz (1971), Kistler (1999), Lanphere and Jones (1978), Lanphere and others (1968), Lanphere in Irwin (1985), Renne (1987), Saleeby and Harper (1993), Saleeby and others (1982), Wallin (1990), Wallin and Metcalf (1998), Wooden in Irwin and Wooden (1999), Wright (1981), Wright and Fahan (1988), and Yule (1996). The isotopic age data for the Sierra Nevada are from Bateman (1992), Chen and Moore (1979; 1982), Edelman and others (1989), Girty and others (1995), Guglielmo (1993), Saleeby (1982), Saleeby and Berman (1979), Saleeby and Sharp (1979; 1980), Saleeby and others (1987a; 1987b; 1987c; 1989a; 1989c), Stern and others (1981), Wooden and others (1999), and Wooden in Irwin and Wooden (2001).

M

RAS

CV

DP

}} }

}}

---------------Probable equivalents of the Central Metamorphic terrane occur locally as micaceous, feldspathic, and amphibolitic schists along the Feather River terrane (Hacker and Peacock, 1990)

and blueschist; probably pre-Late Jurassic

cut by ~160 Ma plutons

Galice Fm.; mildly slaty argillite and graywacke of the Smith River and Rogue Valley subterranes; locally contains Buchia concentrica;correlative with Mariposa Fm.

124° 122° 120°

M O D O C P L A T E A U

C O A

S T R A N

G E S

S A L I N I A N B L O C K

G R E A

T V A

L L E Y

K L A

M A

T H

M T N

S

S I E R R

A N

E V A

D A

S a n A n d r e a s F a u l t

42°

40°

38°

36°

OREGON

CALIFORNIA

NEVADA

P A C

I F I C O

C E A

N

Medford

EurekaRedding

Chico

San Francisco

Sacramento

Bakersfield

Shoo Fly Complex; includes four thrust slices of Ordovician(?) to pre-Late Devonian rocks; the structurally lowest slice (dark overprint where mapped by D'Allura and others (1977)) is the Lang sequence, which ismainly quartzite and pelite and may be correlative with the Neoproterozoic Antelope Mountain Quartzite

CORRELATION OF THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AND SIERRA NEVADA

c

cc

c

folded and faulted into rocks of the Central belt and western Foothills belt

B A S I N A N D R A N G E

SUBJACENT ROCKS EAST AND SOUTH OF SIERRA NEVADA

the Lake Tahoe sequence of probable Devonian, Mississippian, and Jurassic ages

Note: Colored volcanic pattern is shown only on dominantly volcanic units of the above stratigraphic columns

Central belt melange, and Kaweah ophiolitic melange

South Fork Flt Coast R

ange Flt

JP

PB

This map is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use oftrade, product,or firm names in this report is for descriptive uses only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

120

39

119

38

118

117

37

36

11735

118

119

121

40

122

124123

4242

41

40

4343124

41

123

ALBIAN

APTIAN

BARREMIAN

HAUTERIVIAN

VALANGINIAN

BERRIASIAN

MAASTRICHTIAN

CAMPANIAN

CENOMANIAN

TITHONIAN

KIMMERIDGIANOXFORDIAN

CALLOVIANBATHONIANBAJOCIAN

AALENIAN

TOARCIAN

PLIENSBACHIAN

SINEMURIAN

HETTANGIAN

NORIAN

CARNIAN

LADINIAN

ANISIAN

OLENEKIAN

GIVETIAN

EIFELIAN

EMSIAN

FAMENNIAN

FRASNIAN

SANTON./CONIAC.TURONIAN

65 Ma

99.0

144

161

180

206

227

245

290

323

364

412

Separation episode

Western Klamath episode

Rattlesnake Creek episode

Western Hayfork episode

Eastern Hayfork episode

North Fork episode

Fort Jones episode

Central Metamorphic episode

DE

VO

NIA

NM

ISS.

PEN

N.

TR

IASS

ICJU

RA

SSIC

CR

ETA

CE

OU

SPE

RM

IAN

Ear

lyM

idd

leL

ate

Ear

lyL

EM

Lat

eE

arly

Mid

dle

Lat

eE

arly

Lat

e

112

121

127

132

137

150154

164

169

176

190

195

202

221

380

400

391

370

242

234

93.589.0

83.5

71.3

Copley Greenstone

Balaklala Rhyolite

Kennett Fm.

Bragdon Fm.

Baird Fm.

McCloud Limestone

Nosoni Fm.Dekkas Andesite

Pit Fm.

Brock Shale

Hosselkus Limestone

Modin Fm.

Arvison Fm.

Bagley Andesite

Potem Fm.

Bully Hill Rhyo.

and

Swearinger Slate

Hosselkus LimestonePit Fm.

Reeve Fm.Goodhue Fm.

Arlington Fm.

PEA

LE

FM Chert

mbr

Lower mbrTaylor Fm

Sierra Buttes Fm.Grizzly Fm

Shoo FlyComplex

?? ? ??

REDDING SUBTERRANE

STRATIGRAPHY OF

STRATIGRAPHYOF

NORTHERN SIERRATERRANE

? ? ?

SILURIAN AND OLDER

? ? ??

70 Ma

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

230

240

250

260

270

280

290

300

310

320

330

340

350

360

370

380

390

400

410

420

70 Ma

80

90

110

120

130

140

150

170

180

190

200

210

220

230

240

250

260

270

280

290

300

310

320

330

340

350

360

370

380

390

400

410

420

Taylorsville sequence

Permian volcanicarc sequence

Triassic sequence

Jurassic volcanicarc units

Kettlerock and Mt. Jura sequences, and Tuttle Lake andSailor Canyon Formations

}}

}

}

}Histogram of dated plutonism in Klamath Mountains Histogram of dated plutonism

in Sierra Nevada

Sierra Nevada Batholith

100

160 (after Harwood, 1992)

Geologic Time Scale is after Palmer and Geissman (1983) except for ages of boundaries from Callovian to Tithonian which are after Pessagno and Blome (1990)

RHAETIAN 210

248INDUANTATARIAN

ARTINSKIAN

SAKMARIAN

ASSELIAN

GZELIAN

KASIMOVIAN

MOSCOVIAN

BASHKIRIAN

SERPUKHOVIAN

VISEAN

TOURNAISIAN

UFIMAN-KAZANIAN

252256

KUNGURIAN 260

269

282

296

303

311

327

342

354

PRAGHIAN

LOCKHOVIAN417

Ultramafic and ~160 Ma granitoid rx

Rand Schist

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIORU. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SHEET 1 0F 2U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIORU. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

OPEN-FILE REPORT 02-490

Page 2: CORRELATION OF THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AND SIERRA … · CV DP}}}}}-----Probable equivalents of the Central Metamorphic terrane occur locally as micaceous, feldspathic, and amphibolitic

Shoo Fly Complex

Oceanic subduction complex

Fea

ther

Riv

erte

rran

e

Permian-Tr

iassic

oceanic

subducti

on complex

Permian

volcanic arc

sequence

Taylo

rsville

sequence Shoo Fly Complex

Shoo Fly Complex

Shoo Fly Complex

Shoo Fly Complex

Shoo Fly Complex

Shoo Fly Complex

Shoo Fly Complex

Proto Calaveras terrane

Red

Ant

Sch

ist

Fea

ther

Riv

er te

rran

e

Cen

tral

belt

?

??

Bear Mountains Fault

Mel

ones

Fau

lt

CalaverasSho

o Fly

faul

t

Sonor

a Fa

ult

?

?

??

?

?

?

Calaveras terrane

Calaveras terrane

Calave

ras

terra

ne

Calave

ras

terra

ne

Calave

ras

terra

ne

Calave

ras

terra

ne

Oceanic subduction complex

Early Jurassic volcanic arc

Middle Jurassic volcanic arc

Middle Jurassic volcanic arc

Don P

edro

terra

ne

Don P

edro

terra

ne

Don P

edro

terra

ne

Cal

aver

as

terra

ne

Cal

aver

as

terra

ne

Cal

aver

as

terra

ne

Cal

aver

as

terra

ne

Cal

aver

as

terra

ne

Son

ora

Faul

t

Mel

ones

Fau

lt

SE

PAR

ATIO

N (

aka

PIC

KE

TT

PE

AK

) E

PIS

OD

E

Man

y re

gion

al te

cton

ic e

lem

ents

rel

atin

g to

this

tim

e fr

ame

are

com

plex

and

con

trov

ersi

al

(see

Dic

kins

on a

nd o

ther

s, 1

996;

and

God

frey

and

Kle

mpe

rer,

1998

) an

d th

e ca

use

of th

e ~

140

Ma

plut

onis

m is

not

cle

ar. P

erha

ps th

e pl

uton

ism

is e

vide

nce

of a

sub

duct

ion

zone

now

bur

ied

in th

e G

reat

V

alle

y or

eve

r fu

rthe

r w

est a

long

the

Coa

st R

ange

Oph

iolit

e-Fr

anci

scan

bou

ndar

y. T

he ~

140

Ma

plut

ons

of th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns w

ere

mor

e cl

osel

y al

igne

d N

-S w

ith th

ose

of th

e S

ierr

a N

evad

a pr

ior

to

sepa

ratio

n of

the

two

prov

ince

s. T

he K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns b

lock

mov

ed w

este

rly a

long

the

tren

d of

the

Col

d F

ork

faul

t (se

e B

lake

and

oth

ers,

199

9). D

urin

g th

is le

ft-la

tera

l mov

emen

t, th

e G

reat

Val

ley

over

lap

sequ

ence

was

dep

osite

d on

the

Kla

mat

h bl

ock.

The

sou

thw

este

rn p

art o

f the

seq

uenc

e on

the

Kla

mat

h bl

ock

is a

s ol

d as

Val

angi

nian

. To

the

nort

heas

t, w

here

it u

ncon

form

ably

ove

rlies

the

eros

iona

l sur

face

of

the

136

Ma

Sha

sta

Bal

ly B

atho

lith,

it is

Hau

teriv

ian.

In c

ontr

ast,

the

sout

h si

de o

f the

Col

d F

ork

faul

t is

the

Eld

er C

reek

terr

ane

whi

ch c

onsi

sts

of th

e no

rth-

tren

ding

Coa

st R

ange

oph

iolit

e an

d th

e ov

erly

-in

g st

rata

of t

he G

reat

Val

ley

sequ

ence

on

the

east

. The

low

er p

art o

f the

Gre

at V

alle

y se

quen

ce a

few

m

iles

sout

h of

the

faul

t is

Upp

er J

uras

sic

and

is c

lear

ly m

uch

olde

r th

an th

e ~

140

Ma

plut

ons.

On

both

si

des

of th

e fa

ult,

the

stra

ta o

f the

Gre

at V

alle

y se

quen

ce a

re s

ucce

ssiv

ely

youn

ger

up-s

ectio

n to

the

east

unt

il th

ey a

re T

uron

ian

in a

ge o

n bo

th s

ides

of t

he fa

ult a

nd a

re c

once

aled

to th

e ea

st b

y Te

ham

a F

m. (

Plio

cene

). O

n th

e w

est,

Fran

cisc

an r

ocks

wer

e su

bduc

ted

bene

ath

the

Wes

tern

Kla

mat

h an

d E

lder

Cre

ek te

rran

es, d

evel

opin

g th

e bl

uesc

hist

faci

es P

icke

tt P

eak

terr

ane

as a

met

amor

phic

sel

vage

al

ong

the

Wes

tern

Kla

mat

h te

rran

e an

d C

oast

Ran

ge o

phio

lite,

spa

nnin

g th

e E

lder

Cre

ek fa

ult.

The

S

outh

For

k M

ount

ains

Sch

ist o

f the

Pic

kett

Pea

k te

rran

e yi

elds

isot

opic

age

s (m

ainl

y K

-Ar)

of ~

120

Ma

(Lan

pher

e an

d ot

hers

,197

8), b

ut e

arly

mor

e de

eply

sub

duct

ed p

arts

of t

he te

rran

e m

ay w

ell b

e ol

der.

AC

KN

OW

LED

GM

EN

T

T

hank

s to

R.W

. Gra

ymer

, R.W

. Kis

tler,

and

J.G

. Moo

re, f

or h

elpf

ul s

ugge

stio

ns th

at

impr

oved

this

rep

ort.

RE

FE

RE

NC

ES

CIT

ED

B

arro

w, W

endy

, and

Met

calf,

R.V

., 20

02, C

entr

al M

etam

orph

ic te

rran

e, n

orth

ern

Cal

iforn

ia:

G

eoch

emic

al e

vide

nce

of a

mid

-oce

an r

idge

orig

in: G

eolo

gica

l Soc

iety

of A

mer

ica,

Abs

trac

ts w

ith P

rogr

ams,

v. 3

4, n

o. 5

, p. 4

3.B

atem

an, P

.C.,

Har

ris, A

.G.,

Kis

tler,

R.W

., an

d K

raus

kopf

, K.B

., 19

85, C

alav

eras

rev

erse

d:

W

estw

ard

youn

ging

is in

dica

ted:

Geo

logy

, v. 1

3, n

o. 5

, p. 3

38-3

41.

Bla

ke, M

.C.,

Jr.,

Har

woo

d, D

.S.,

Hel

ly, E

.J.,

Irw

in, W

.P.,

Jayk

o, A

.S.,

and

Jone

s, D

.L.,

1999

,

Geo

logi

c m

ap o

f the

Red

Blu

ff 30

' x 6

0' q

uadr

angl

e, C

alifo

rnia

: U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey,

Geo

logi

c In

vest

igat

ions

Map

I-25

42, s

cale

1;1

00,0

00, w

ith te

xt 1

5 p.

Blo

me,

C.D

. and

Irw

in, W

.P.,

1983

, Tec

toni

oc s

igni

fican

ce o

f Lat

e P

aleo

zoic

to J

uras

sic

radi

olar

-

ians

in th

e N

orth

For

k te

rran

e, K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns, C

alifo

rnia

, in

C.H

. Ste

vens

, ed.

,

Pre

-Jur

assi

c ro

cks

in w

este

rn N

orth

Am

eric

an s

uspe

ct te

rran

es: S

ocie

ty o

f Eco

nom

ic

P

aleo

ntol

ogis

ts a

nd M

iner

alog

ists

, Pac

ific

sect

ion,

p. 7

7-89

.

Bon

d, G

.C.,

and

Dev

ay, J

.C.,

1980

, Pre

-Upp

er D

evon

ian

quar

tzos

e sa

ndst

ones

in th

e S

hoo

Fly

For

mat

ion,

Nor

ther

n C

alifo

rnia

; Pet

rolo

gy, p

rove

nanc

e, a

nd im

plic

atio

ns fo

r re

gion

al

te

cton

ics:

Jou

rnal

of G

eolo

gy, v

. 88,

p. 2

85-3

08.

D’A

llura

, J.A

., M

oore

s, E

.M.,

and

Rob

inso

n, L

., 19

77, P

aleo

zoic

roc

ks o

f the

nor

ther

n S

ierr

a

Nev

ada,

in S

tew

art,

J.H

., S

teve

ns, C

.H.,

and

Frits

che,

A.E

., ed

s., P

aleo

zoic

pal

eoge

o-

grap

hy o

f the

wes

tern

Uni

ted

Sta

tes:

Soc

iety

of E

cono

mic

Pal

eont

olog

ists

and

Min

eral

-

ogis

ts, P

acifi

c S

ectio

n, P

acifi

c C

oast

Pal

eoge

ogra

phy

Sym

posi

um 1

, p. 3

95-4

08.

Dic

kins

on, W

.R.,

Hop

son,

C.A

., an

d S

alee

by, J

.B.,

1996

, Alte

rnat

e or

igin

s of

the

Coa

st R

ange

Oph

iolit

e

(Cal

iforn

ia):

Intr

oduc

tion

and

impl

icat

ions

, in

GS

A T

oday

: Geo

logi

cal S

ocie

ty o

f Am

eric

a,

v.

6, n

o. 2

, p. 1

-10.

Dill

er, J

.S.,

1907

, The

Mes

ozoi

c se

dim

ents

of s

outh

wes

tern

Ore

gon:

Am

eric

an J

ourn

al o

f Sci

ence

,

ser.

4, v

. 23,

p. 4

01-4

21.

Ede

lman

, S.H

., an

d S

harp

, W.D

., 19

89, T

erra

nes,

ear

ly fa

ults

, and

pre

-Lat

e Ju

rass

ic a

mal

gam

atio

n

of th

e w

este

rn S

ierr

a N

evad

a m

etam

orph

ic b

elt,

Cal

iforn

ia:

Geo

logi

cal S

ocie

ty o

f Am

eric

a

Bul

l., v

. 101

, p. 1

420-

1433

.E

delm

an, S

.H.,

Day

, H.W

., an

d B

ickf

ord,

M.E

., 19

89, I

mpl

icat

ions

of U

-Pb

zirc

on a

ges

for

the

tect

onic

setti

ngs

of th

e S

mar

tvill

e an

d S

late

Cre

ek c

ompl

exes

, nor

ther

n S

ierr

a N

evad

a, C

alifo

rnia

:

Geo

logy

, v. 1

7, p

. 103

2-10

35.

God

frey

, N.J

. , a

nd K

lem

pere

r, S

.L.,

1998

, Oph

iolit

ic b

asem

ent t

o a

fore

arc

basi

n an

d im

iplic

atio

ns fo

r

cont

inen

tal g

row

th: T

he C

oast

Ran

ge/G

reat

Val

ley

ophi

olite

, Cal

iforn

ia: T

ecto

nics

,

v. 1

7, n

o. 4

, p. 5

58-5

70.

Gra

ymer

, R.W

. and

Jon

es, D

.L.,

1994

, Tec

toni

c im

plic

atio

ns o

f rad

iola

rian

cher

t fro

m th

e P

lace

rvill

e B

elt,

S

ierr

a N

evad

a F

ooth

ills,

Cal

iforn

ia: N

evad

an-a

ge c

ontin

enta

l gro

wth

by

accr

etio

n of

mul

tiple

terr

anes

: G

eolo

gica

l Soc

iety

of A

mer

ica

Bul

l., v

. 106

, p. 5

31-5

40.

Hac

ker,B

.R.,

and

Pea

cock

, S.M

., 19

90, C

ompa

rison

of t

he C

entr

al M

etam

orph

ic B

elt a

nd T

rinity

terr

ane

of th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns w

ith th

e F

eath

er R

iver

terr

ane

of th

e S

ierr

a N

evad

a, i

n

Har

woo

d, D

. S.,

and

Mill

er, M

. M.,

eds.

, Pal

eozo

ic a

nd e

arly

Mes

ozoi

c pa

leog

eogr

aphi

c

rela

tions

; Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

, an

d re

late

d te

rran

es: G

eolo

gica

l Soc

iety

of

A

mer

ica

Spe

cial

Pap

er 2

55, p

. 75-

92.

She

et 2

: Suc

cess

ive

accr

etio

nary

epi

sod

es o

f the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

and

nor

ther

n pa

rt o

f Si

erra

Nev

ada,

s

how

ing

rela

ted

plu

toni

c, v

olca

nic,

and

met

amor

phic

eve

nts

Icht

hyos

aur

Tria

ssic

Tria

ssic

Icht

hyos

aur

124°

122°

120°

M O

D O

C

P

L A

T E

A U

C O A

S T

R

A N

G E

S

S A L I N

I A N

B L O

C K

G R E

A T

V

A L

L E

Y

K L A M A T H

M

T N S

S I E R

R A

N E V

A D

A

S a n A n d r e

a s F a u l t

42° 40

°

38°

36°

OR

EG

ON

CA

LIF

OR

NIA

NEVADA

P A C I F I C

O C E

A N

Med

ford

Eur

eka

Red

din

g

Chi

co

San

Fran

cisc

o

Sacr

amen

to

Bak

ersf

ield

Taylo

rsville sequence

Taylo

rsville sequence

Taylo

rsville sequence

Taylo

rsville sequence

Taylo

rsville sequence

Taylo

rsville sequence

Taylorsville sequence

CO

RR

EL

AT

ION

OF

TH

E K

LA

MA

TH

MO

UN

TAIN

S A

ND

SIE

RR

A N

EV

AD

A

By

Will

iam

P. I

rwin

INT

RO

DU

CT

ION

Thi

s re

port

gra

phic

ally

por

tray

s th

e br

oadl

y pa

ralle

l tec

toni

c de

velo

pmen

t of t

he K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns a

nd S

ierr

a N

evad

a fr

om e

arly

Pal

eozo

ic t

o E

arly

Cre

tace

ous

tim

e. It

is d

edic

ated

to

J.S

. Dill

er o

f the

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y w

ho, d

urin

g hi

s pi

onee

r fie

ld s

tudi

es a

cen

tury

ago

, rec

og-

nize

d si

gnifi

cant

sim

ilarit

ies

betw

een

thes

e tw

o im

port

ant p

rovi

nces

. The

rep

ort i

s ba

sed

mai

nly

on

the

num

erou

s pu

blis

hed

repo

rts

of th

e fie

ld a

nd la

bora

tory

stu

dies

by

vario

us g

eolo

gist

s an

d st

uden

tsdu

ring

the

last

cen

tury

, and

to a

less

er e

xten

t on

my

own

field

wor

k w

hich

has

bee

n su

bsta

ntia

l in

the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

but

min

imal

in th

e S

ierr

a N

evad

a. F

or b

revi

ty, r

equi

red

by th

e fo

rmat

of t

his

repo

rt, l

ittle

of t

he e

xten

sive

lite

ratu

re p

erta

inin

g to

thes

e tw

o pr

ovin

ces

is r

efer

ence

d. T

his

repo

rt

is p

relim

inar

y in

nat

ure

and

was

pre

pare

d as

an

aid

to fu

rthe

r st

udy

of th

e te

cton

ic r

elat

ions

be

twee

n th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns a

nd S

ierr

a N

evad

a.

Thi

s re

port

con

sist

s of

two

shee

ts: S

heet

1, M

ap s

how

ing

accr

eted

terr

anes

and

plu

tons

of

the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

and

Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

and

She

et 2

, Suc

cess

ive

accr

etio

nary

epi

sode

s of

the

Kla

mat

h m

ount

ains

and

nor

ther

n pa

rt o

f Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

sho

win

g re

late

d pl

uton

ic, v

olca

nic,

and

m

etam

orph

ic e

vent

s.

The

map

on

She

et 1

was

com

pile

d an

d m

odifi

ed fr

om tw

o O

pen-

File

map

s (I

rwin

and

Woo

den,

199

9 an

d 20

01)

whi

ch h

ad b

een

com

pile

d an

d m

odifi

ed m

ainl

y fr

om J

enni

ngs

(197

7), H

arw

ood

(199

2), I

rwin

(19

94),

Jay

ko (

1988

), G

raym

er a

nd J

ones

(19

94),

Ede

lman

and

S

harp

(19

89),

Sch

wei

cker

t and

oth

ers

(199

9), S

auce

do a

nd W

agne

r(19

92),

Sal

eeby

and

Sha

rp

(198

0), W

agne

r an

d ot

hers

(19

81),

and

var

ious

oth

er s

ourc

es. F

or d

etai

led

lists

of t

he s

ourc

es fo

r th

e is

otop

ic a

ge d

ata

used

in S

heet

s 1

and

2, s

ee Ir

win

and

Woo

den

(199

9 an

d 20

01).

O

n S

heet

2, t

he a

ccre

tiona

ry e

piso

des

are

show

n se

quen

tially

fro

m le

ft to

rig

ht in

two

tiers

of

figu

res.

Epi

sode

s fo

r th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns a

re in

the

uppe

r tie

r; c

orre

lativ

e ep

isod

es o

f the

S

ierr

a N

evad

a ar

e di

rect

ly b

elow

in th

e lo

wer

tier

. The

seq

uenc

e s

how

n fo

r th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns

is m

odifi

ed fr

om I

rwin

and

Man

kine

n (1

998)

and

Irw

in a

nd W

oode

n (1

999)

. The

epi

sode

s a

re

nam

ed fo

r th

e ac

cret

ing

terr

anes

of t

he K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns, b

ut th

ose

nam

es m

ay n

ot b

e su

itabl

e fo

r re

fere

nce

to th

e co

rrel

ativ

e ep

isod

es o

f the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada.

In th

e fig

ure

for

each

epi

sode

, a

heav

y bl

ack

line

repr

esen

ts th

e ac

tive

sutu

re th

at s

epar

ated

oce

anic

cru

stal

roc

ks o

n th

e le

ft fr

om

the

earli

er a

ccre

ted

terr

anes

on

the

right

.

Plu

tons

are

par

ticul

arly

use

ful f

or ti

min

g th

e ac

cret

iona

ry e

piso

des.

The

pre

accr

etio

nary

pl

uton

s, w

hich

com

mon

ly r

epre

sent

the

root

s of

oce

anic

vol

cani

c ar

cs, a

re s

how

n in

the

accr

etin

g oc

eani

c cr

usta

l roc

ks to

the

left

of th

e he

avy

blac

k lin

e. T

he a

ccre

tiona

ry p

luto

ns c

onsi

st o

f ro

ck th

at

has

been

sub

duct

ed a

nd r

emob

ilize

d as

mag

ma

durin

g th

e ac

cret

iona

ry p

roce

ss a

nd in

ject

ed in

to

an o

verly

ing

earli

er a

ccre

ted

terr

ane

on th

e rig

ht o

f the

hea

vy b

lack

line

. Thu

s, is

otop

ic d

atin

g of

the

accr

etio

nary

plu

tons

(pr

efer

ably

U/P

b da

tes

mea

sure

d on

zirc

on e

xtra

cted

fro

m th

e pl

uton

ic r

ock)

pr

ovid

es a

use

ful b

asis

for

assi

gnin

g ag

es to

the

accr

etio

nary

epi

sode

s. M

any

plut

ons

are

root

less

at

dep

th, a

s th

ey te

nd to

be

trun

cate

d by

the

subd

uctio

n zo

ne s

utur

es o

f you

nger

acc

retin

g te

rran

es.

V

olca

nic

depo

sits

res

ultin

g fr

om a

ccre

tiona

ry e

piso

des

appa

rent

ly a

re u

ncom

mon

exc

ept f

or

thos

e de

posi

ted

on th

e ba

ckst

op te

rran

es. I

n th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns, t

he E

aste

rn K

lam

ath

terr

ane,

w

hich

con

sist

s of

the

Yre

ka, T

rinity

and

Red

ding

sub

terr

anes

, was

the

back

stop

for

the

Cen

tral

M

etam

orph

ic a

nd y

oung

er a

ccre

tiona

ry e

piso

des,

and

dis

play

s a

rem

arka

ble

reco

rd o

f sed

imen

ta-

tion,

vol

cani

sm a

nd p

luto

nism

from

Silu

rian-

Dev

onia

n to

Jur

assi

c tim

e. In

the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

the

corr

elat

ive

back

stop

was

the

Nor

ther

n S

ierr

a te

rran

e w

hich

sho

ws

a si

mila

r lo

ng r

ecor

d of

vol

cani

sm

in th

e Ta

ylor

svill

e, P

erm

ian,

and

Jur

assi

c vo

lcan

ic a

rc s

eque

nces

.

Dur

ing

som

e ac

cret

iona

ry e

piso

des

the

subd

uctin

g oc

eani

c ro

cks

wer

e dy

nam

ical

ly m

eta-

mor

phos

ed to

sch

ist a

long

the

sutu

re z

one

bene

ath

the

ove

rrid

ing

accr

eted

terr

anes

. Exa

mpl

es o

f th

is in

the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

are

the

Dev

onia

n S

alm

on a

nd A

bram

s S

chis

ts o

f the

Cen

tral

Met

a-m

orph

ic te

rran

e, t

he T

riass

ic(?

) sc

hist

of t

he F

ort J

ones

terr

ane

, and

the

Ear

ly C

reta

ceou

s S

outh

F

ork

Mou

ntai

n S

chis

t tha

t str

uctu

rally

und

erlie

s K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns te

rran

es a

long

muc

h of

the

wes

tern

edg

e of

the

prov

ince

. The

For

t Jon

es te

rran

e an

d S

outh

For

k M

ount

ains

Sch

ist w

ere

met

a-m

orph

osed

und

er b

lues

chis

t-fa

cies

con

ditio

ns. I

n th

e S

ierr

a N

evad

a, s

chis

t tha

t is

corr

elat

ive

with

th

e C

entr

al M

etam

orph

ic te

rran

e is

pre

sent

in p

atch

es a

long

the

Fea

ther

Riv

er te

rran

e (s

ee H

acke

r an

d P

eaco

ck, 1

990)

; the

Tria

ssic

(?)

Red

Ant

Sch

ist i

s co

rrel

ativ

e w

ith th

e F

ort J

ones

terr

ane;

but

a

corr

elat

ive

of th

e S

outh

For

k M

ount

ain

Sch

ist i

s no

t pre

sent

.

In a

dditi

on to

the

sim

ilarit

ies

in th

e se

quen

ces

of a

ccre

tion,

plu

toni

sm, v

olca

nism

, and

m

etam

orph

ism

, str

ong

ties

betw

een

the

two

prov

ince

s ar

e al

so p

rovi

ded

by p

aleo

ntol

ogic

dat

a. T

heP

erm

ian

McC

loud

fusu

linid

faun

a of

the

Red

ding

sub

terr

ane

also

is p

rese

nt in

the

Nor

ther

n S

ierr

a te

rran

e. R

are

Teth

yan

fusu

linid

s ar

e fo

und

in P

erm

ian

limes

tone

of t

he E

aste

rn H

ayfo

rk te

rran

e of

th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns a

nd a

lso

in li

mes

tone

blo

cks

in th

e C

entr

al B

elt o

f the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada.

Ic

hthy

osau

r fo

ssils

hav

e be

en c

olle

cted

from

the

Tria

ssic

of b

oth

the

Red

ding

sub

terr

ane

and

Nor

ther

n S

ierr

a te

rran

e. J

uras

sic

amm

onite

s an

d th

e pe

lecy

pod

Buc

hia

conc

entr

ica

occu

r in

bot

h th

e G

alic

e F

orm

atio

n of

the

wes

tern

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

and

the

Mar

ipos

a F

orm

atio

n of

the

wes

tern

Sie

rra

Nev

ada.

Eve

nts

that

pre

cede

d th

e C

entr

al M

etam

orph

ic e

piso

de p

rior

to S

iluria

n-D

evon

ian

time

are

not c

lear

ly u

nder

stoo

d an

d ar

e no

t sho

wn

in th

e su

cces

sion

of d

iagr

ams

on S

heet

2. T

he o

ldes

tro

cks

of th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns a

re N

eopr

oter

ozic

and

they

pre

date

the

Cen

tral

Met

amor

phic

epi

-so

de b

y po

ssib

ly a

hun

dred

mill

ion

year

s or

mor

e. T

hey

incl

ude

ophi

oliti

c ro

cks

of th

e Tr

inity

sub

-te

rran

e an

d th

e A

ntel

ope

Mou

ntai

n Q

uart

zite

of t

he Y

reka

sub

terr

ane

(see

Man

kine

n an

d ot

hers

, 20

02).

In th

e S

ierr

a N

evad

a, c

orre

lativ

es o

f the

anc

ient

oph

iolit

ic r

ocks

may

be

part

of t

he F

eath

erR

iver

terr

ane.

Alth

ough

Neo

prot

eroz

oic

foss

ils h

ave

not y

et b

een

foun

d in

the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

pet

ro-

logi

c st

udy

show

s th

e qu

artz

ite o

f the

Lan

g se

quen

ce is

clo

sely

sim

ilar

to th

e A

ntel

ope

Mou

ntai

nQ

uart

zite

(se

e B

ond

and

Dev

ay, 1

980)

. Cor

rela

tion

of th

e tw

o qu

artz

ite fo

rmat

ions

is a

lso

sugg

este

d by

the

sim

ilarit

y of

thei

r po

sitio

ns in

the

accr

etio

nary

seq

uenc

e.

Har

woo

d, D

.S.,

1992

, Str

atig

raph

y of

Pal

eozo

ic a

nd lo

wer

Mes

ozoi

c ro

cks

of t

he N

orth

ern

Sie

rra

te

rran

e, C

alifo

rnia

: U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y B

ull.,

195

7, 7

8 p.

Hin

ds, N

.E.A

., 19

33, G

eolo

gic

form

atio

ns o

f the

Red

ding

-Wea

verv

ille

dist

ricts

, nor

ther

n C

alifo

rnia

:

Cal

iforn

ia J

ourn

al o

f Min

es a

nd G

eolo

gy, v

. 29,

no.

1-2

, p. 7

7-12

2.H

otz,

P.E

., La

nphe

re, M

.A.,

and

Sw

anso

n, D

.A.,

1977

, Tria

ssic

blu

esch

ist f

rom

nor

ther

n C

alifo

rnia

and

nort

h-ce

ntra

l Ore

gon:

Geo

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, v. 5

, no.

11,

p. 6

59-6

63.

Imla

y, R

.W.,

1959

, Suc

cess

ion

and

spec

iatio

n of

the

Pel

ecyp

od A

ucel

la in

Sho

rter

Con

trib

utio

ns to

Reg

iona

l Geo

logy

: U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey

Pro

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l Pap

er 3

14-G

,, p.

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, 19

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Imla

y, R

.W.,

1961

, Lat

e Ju

rass

ic a

mm

onite

s fr

om th

e w

este

rn S

ierr

a N

evad

a, C

alifo

rnia

in S

hort

er

C

ontr

ibut

ions

to R

egio

nal G

eolo

gy:

U.S

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logi

cal S

urve

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nal P

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28

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win

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94, G

eolo

gic

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Mou

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alifo

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Ore

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urve

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isce

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Inve

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E.A

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98, R

otat

iona

l and

acc

retio

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lutio

n of

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mat

h M

ount

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nd O

rego

n, fr

om D

evon

ian

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rese

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me:

U.S

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logi

cal S

urve

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pen-

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4.Ir

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s of

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h M

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eolo

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01, M

ap s

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ons

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terr

anes

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he S

ierr

a N

evad

a,

C

alifo

rnia

, with

a ta

bula

tion

of U

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isot

opic

age

s: U

.S. G

eolo

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Ope

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Jayk

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pen-

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7, m

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Cre

tace

ous

met

amor

phic

age

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he

S

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For

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ount

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n th

e no

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Gra

ham

, S.S

., ed

s., G

eolo

gic

Fie

ld T

rips

in

N

orth

ern

Cal

iforn

ia:

Cal

iforn

ia D

ivis

ion

of M

ines

and

Geo

logy

, Spe

cial

Pub

licat

ion

SP

-119

, p. 3

3-79

.W

agne

r, D

.L.,

Jenn

ings

, C.W

., B

edro

ssia

n, T

.L.,

and

Bor

tugo

, E.J

., 19

81, G

eolo

gic

map

of t

he

Sac

ram

ento

qua

dran

gle:

Cal

iforn

ia D

ivis

ion

of M

ines

and

Geo

logy

, Reg

iona

l Geo

logi

c M

ap

S

erie

s, M

ap N

o. 1

A, s

cale

1:2

50,0

00.

Wag

ner,

D.L

., B

ortu

gno,

E.J

., an

d M

cJun

kin,

R.D

., 19

91, G

eolo

gic

map

of t

he S

an F

ranc

isca

n-S

an J

ose

qu

adra

ngle

, Cal

iforn

ia: C

alifo

rnia

Div

isio

n of

Min

es a

nd G

eolo

gy, R

egio

nal G

eolo

gic

Map

Ser

ies,

M

ap N

o, 5

A, s

cale

1:2

50,0

00.

CE

NT

RA

L M

ETA

MO

RP

HIC

EP

ISO

DE

T

he E

aste

rn K

lam

ath

terr

ane,

con

sist

ing

of th

e Y

reka

, Trin

ity, a

nd R

eddi

ng s

ubte

rran

es, w

as

the

nucl

eus

of th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns d

urin

g S

iluria

n-D

evon

ian

time.

Dur

ing

the

Cen

tral

Met

amor

phic

ep

isod

e, th

e oc

eani

c cr

usta

l pro

tolit

hs (

schi

st p

atte

rn)

of th

e C

entr

al M

etam

orph

ic te

rran

e, in

clud

ing

met

abas

ites

repr

esen

ting

MO

RB

(B

arro

w a

nd M

etca

lf, 2

002)

, wer

e su

bduc

ted

bene

ath

the

Kla

mat

h nu

cleu

s. R

emob

iliza

tion

of th

e su

bduc

ted

rock

s re

sulte

d in

gab

broi

c in

trus

ions

(Z

431

-401

Ma)

into

the

perid

otiti

c Tr

inity

sub

terr

ane

and,

at a

hig

her

leve

l, th

e de

velo

pmen

t of a

vol

cani

c ar

c (p

urpl

e vo

lcan

ic

patte

rn)

repr

esen

ted

by th

e C

ople

y G

reen

ston

e an

d B

alak

lala

Rhy

olite

of t

he R

eddi

ng s

ubte

rran

e. T

he

volc

anic

roc

ks a

re in

trud

ed b

y a

coge

netic

gra

nito

id p

luto

n, th

e M

ule

Mou

ntai

n st

ock

(Z~

400

Ma)

. The

sc

hist

s of

the

Cen

tral

Met

amor

phic

terr

ane

yiel

d D

evon

ian

isot

opic

met

amor

phic

age

s (R

b/S

r 38

0 M

a:

K-A

r 39

0-39

9 M

a) th

at a

re s

omew

hat y

oung

er th

an th

e re

leva

nt S

iluria

n-D

evon

ian

plut

ons:

Thi

s m

ay

refle

ct th

e di

ffere

nce

in d

atin

g m

etho

d, o

r th

e sa

mpl

ed s

chis

ts m

ay r

epre

sent

a la

te s

tage

of s

ubdu

c-tio

n. T

he o

ldes

t gra

nito

id r

ocks

(Z

567

Ma)

in th

e E

aste

rn K

lam

ath

terr

ane

are

exot

ic b

lock

s of

un

know

n pr

oven

ance

in th

e S

kook

um G

ulch

mel

ange

of t

he Y

reka

sub

terr

ane

and

are

too

old

to

have

bee

n ge

nera

ted

by th

e C

entr

al M

etam

orph

ic e

piso

de.

T

he N

orth

ern

Sie

rra

terr

ane

is b

road

ly c

orre

lativ

e w

ith th

e E

aste

rn K

lam

ath

terr

ane;

the

Fea

ther

Riv

er te

rran

e re

pres

entin

g th

e Tr

inity

sub

terr

ane,

the

Sho

o F

ly C

ompl

ex r

epre

sent

ing

the

Yre

ka s

ubte

rane

, and

the

Tayl

orsv

ille

sequ

ence

rep

rese

ntin

g th

e R

eddi

ng s

ubte

rran

e. O

nly

a fe

w r

em-

nant

s of

sch

ist t

houg

ht e

quiv

alen

t to

the

Cen

tral

Met

amor

phic

terr

ane

are

foun

d lo

cally

alo

ng th

e le

ngth

of

the

Fea

ther

Riv

er te

rran

e (s

how

n sc

hem

atic

ally

on

Fig

. 1).

Acc

retio

nary

plu

tons

in S

ierr

a N

evad

a ar

e th

e B

owm

an L

ake

bath

olith

(Z

409-

385

Ma)

, whi

ch in

trud

es th

e S

hoo

Fly

Com

plex

, and

the

Wol

f Cre

ek

stoc

k (Z

~37

8 M

a) w

hich

intr

udes

the

Sie

rra

But

tes

Fm

. (A

dis

crep

ancy

bet

wee

n th

e pa

leon

tolo

gic

age

of th

e S

ierr

a B

utte

s F

m. a

nd th

e is

otop

ic a

ge o

f the

Wol

f Cre

ek s

tock

is d

iscu

ssed

by

Har

woo

d, 1

992)

.T

he S

ierr

a B

utte

s F

m.,

a D

evon

ian

volc

anic

uni

t gen

erat

ed b

y th

is e

posi

de, i

s in

the

low

er p

art o

f the

Ta

ylor

svill

e se

quen

ce a

nd is

dep

ositi

onal

in p

lace

s on

the

Sho

o F

ly C

ompl

ex th

ough

loca

lly u

nder

lain

by

the

Griz

zly

Fm

. Ass

ocia

ted

volc

anic

uni

ts a

bove

the

Sie

rra

But

tes

are

the

Tayl

or F

m. a

nd th

e lo

wer

m

embe

r of

the

Pea

le F

m. w

hich

ran

ge in

to E

arly

Mis

siss

ippi

an in

age

.

FO

RT

JO

NE

S E

PIS

OD

E

Oce

anic

cru

stal

pro

tolit

hs o

f the

For

t Jon

es (

aka

Stu

art F

ork)

terr

ane

(red

sch

ist p

atte

rn)

wer

e su

bduc

ted

bene

ath

the

Cen

tral

Met

amor

phic

and

Eas

tern

Kla

mat

h te

rran

es. T

he a

ge o

f the

For

t Jon

es

terr

ane

is n

ot k

now

n pa

leon

tolo

gica

lly. O

nly

vest

iges

of r

adio

laria

ns a

re fo

und

in s

ome

of th

e le

ast

met

amor

phos

ed c

hert

. B

lues

chis

t fac

ies

rock

s in

the

nort

hern

par

t of t

he te

rran

e yi

elde

d K

-Ar

isot

opic

ag

es o

f ~22

0 M

a (H

otz

and

othe

rs,1

977)

. No

prea

ccre

tiona

ry p

luto

ns h

ave

been

foun

d in

the

accr

etin

g ro

cks.

The

old

est p

luto

n th

at in

trud

es th

e F

ort J

ones

terr

ane

is th

e R

ussi

an P

eak

plut

on (

Z~

159

Ma)

. H

owev

er, i

n R

eddi

ng s

ubte

rran

e th

e ac

cret

iona

ry P

it R

iver

sto

ck (

Z 2

60 M

a) in

trud

es B

aird

Fm

(M

iss.

-P

enn.

), a

nd a

cha

in o

f sev

eral

irre

gula

r lin

ear

intr

usio

ns o

f qua

rtz-

augi

te d

iorit

e (t

he "

Red

ding

dik

e" o

f H

inds

, 193

3) e

xten

ds n

orth

war

d 15

or

mor

e m

iles.

The

"R

eddi

ng d

ike"

intr

udes

mos

tly a

long

the

cont

act b

etw

een

the

Bai

rd F

m a

nd th

e M

cClo

ud L

imes

tone

, loc

ally

eng

ulfin

g th

e M

cClo

ud L

imes

tone

an

d lo

cally

intr

udin

g th

e N

oson

i Fm

and

Dek

kas

And

esite

(H

inds

, 193

3). T

he "

Red

ding

dik

e" is

evi

dent

ly

Per

mia

n or

you

nger

, and

may

wel

l be

the

feed

er fo

r th

e N

oson

i-Dek

kas-

Bul

ly H

ill (

Per

mia

n-Tr

iass

ic(?

))

volc

anic

form

atio

ns (

blue

pat

tern

). A

lthou

gh th

e F

ort J

ones

epi

sode

orig

inal

ly w

as c

onsi

dere

d Tr

iass

ic

beca

use

of th

e is

otop

ic a

ge o

f the

blu

esch

ist (

Irw

in a

nd M

anki

nen,

199

8), I

t is

here

in r

egar

ded

as P

erm

ian-

Tria

ssic

(?)

beca

use

accr

etio

n of

the

For

t Jon

es te

rran

e pr

obab

ly c

ause

d th

e P

it R

iver

sto

ck a

nd"R

eddi

ng

dike

" in

trus

ions

as

wel

l as

the

Nos

oni-D

ekka

s-B

ully

Hill

vol

cani

c se

quen

ce o

f the

Red

ding

sub

terr

ane.

In

the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

the

accr

etin

g oc

eani

c ro

cks

wer

e m

etam

orph

osed

to th

e Tr

iass

ic(?

) R

ed

Ant

Sch

ist (

red

schi

st p

atte

rn).

Whe

ther

the

Red

Ant

Sch

ist d

evel

oped

ben

eath

a s

ubst

antia

l sla

b of

ea

rly P

aleo

zoic

sch

ist s

uch

as th

e C

entr

al M

etam

orph

ic te

rran

e is

not

cle

ar, a

s on

ly s

mal

l am

ount

s of

th

e ea

rly s

chis

t are

foun

d al

ong

the

Fea

ther

Riv

er te

rran

e (s

ee H

acke

r an

d P

eaco

ck, 1

990)

. Fur

ther

mor

e,

the

pres

ent d

istr

ibut

ion

of th

e R

ed A

nt S

chis

t is

perp

lexi

ng b

ecau

se m

uch

of it

now

app

ears

to b

e in

the

east

ern

part

of t

he F

eath

er R

iver

terr

ane

rath

er th

an w

est o

f it a

s sh

own

diag

ram

atic

ally

in F

igur

e 2.

P

erha

ps b

oth

the

pauc

ity o

f out

crop

of t

he e

arly

sch

ist a

nd p

rese

nt p

ositi

on o

f the

Red

Ant

Sch

ist a

re

the

resu

lt of

sub

stan

tial p

ost-

accr

etio

n te

cton

ic d

islo

catio

ns.

P

luto

ns r

elat

ed to

the

For

t Jon

es e

piso

de a

re n

ot e

vide

nt in

the

Nor

ther

n S

ierr

a te

rran

e. H

ow-

ever

, vol

cani

sm is

rep

rese

nted

by

the

Per

mia

n vo

lcan

ic a

rc s

eque

nce

(blu

e vo

lcan

ic p

atte

rn)

whi

ch

incl

udes

the

Arli

ngto

n, G

oodh

ue, a

nd R

eeve

For

mat

ions

, and

whi

ch u

ncon

form

ably

ove

rlies

the

Tayl

ors-

ville

seq

uenc

e. O

ther

cor

rela

tive

feat

ures

of t

his

gene

ral t

ime

fram

e in

clud

e th

e P

erm

ian

fusu

linid

faun

a of

the

McC

loud

Lim

esto

ne o

f the

Red

ding

sub

terr

ane,

whi

ch is

als

o fo

und

in th

e R

eeve

Fm

and

Sod

a R

avin

e un

it of

the

Nor

ther

n S

ierr

a te

rran

e. T

riass

ic ic

hthy

osau

r fo

ssils

are

foun

d in

the

Hos

selk

us

Lim

esto

ne o

f the

Red

ding

sub

terr

ane

and

also

in th

e H

osse

lkus

Lim

esto

ne a

nd S

oda

Rav

ine

unit

of

the

Nor

ther

n S

ierr

ra te

rran

e.

NO

RT

H F

OR

K E

PIS

OD

E

Oce

anic

cru

stal

pro

tolit

hs o

f the

Nor

th F

ork

terr

ane

wer

e ac

cret

ed to

the

For

t Jon

es a

nd e

arlie

r te

rran

es o

f the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

. The

pro

tolit

hs in

clud

ed o

phio

lite,

sed

imen

tary

and

maf

ic v

olca

nic

rock

s, r

adio

laria

n ch

ert a

nd m

inor

lim

esto

ne, a

nd r

ange

d fr

om P

aleo

zoic

to J

uras

sic.

The

you

nges

t was

ra

diol

aria

n ch

ert o

f Ear

ly J

uras

sic

(Plie

nsba

chia

n) a

ge (

Blo

me

and

Irw

in, 1

983)

, whi

ch is

the

prin

cipa

lba

sis

for

the

appr

oxim

ate

age

assi

gned

to th

is e

piso

de. N

o pl

uton

s cl

early

rel

ated

to th

is e

piso

de a

re

know

n. H

owev

er, a

bund

ant v

olca

nic

rock

s (g

reen

pat

tern

) of

the

Arv

ison

Fm

and

Bag

ley

And

esite

in

the

Low

er J

uras

sic

of th

e R

eddi

ng s

ubte

rran

e ar

e co

rrel

ativ

e w

ith th

e N

orth

For

k ep

isod

e. A

ccor

ding

to

Ren

ne (

1987

), s

ome

rock

s ea

rlier

con

side

red

to b

e B

agle

y A

ndes

ite a

re a

ctua

lly s

mal

l sto

cks

of d

iorit

e

accr

etio

nary

intr

usiv

es.

In th

e so

uthe

rn p

art o

f the

bel

t the

~20

0 M

a pl

uton

s in

trud

e th

e Ja

sper

Poi

nt

and

Pen

on B

lanc

o F

ms

(Sal

eeby

, 198

2). A

s in

the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

the

~16

0 M

a pl

uton

s ar

e w

ide-

spre

ad, i

ntru

ding

sev

eral

sm

all t

erra

nes

of th

e C

entr

al b

elt (

incl

udin

g th

e D

on P

edro

) as

wel

l as

the

Cal

aver

as a

nd N

orth

ern

Sie

rra

terr

anes

to th

e ea

st. T

he D

on P

edro

terr

ane

is h

erei

n sh

own

as p

art o

f th

e C

entr

al b

elt (

aka

Tuol

umne

Riv

er te

rran

e) fo

llow

ing

Ede

lman

and

Sha

rp (

1989

) de

spite

wea

k ev

iden

ce fo

r th

e Ju

rass

ic a

ge a

ssig

ned

to th

e vo

lcan

ic a

nd s

edim

enta

ry u

nit o

f the

Don

Ped

ro a

nd fo

r th

e co

ntro

vers

ial e

xist

ence

of t

he s

outh

ern

part

of t

he S

onor

a fa

ult.

In th

e N

orth

ern

Sie

rra

terr

ane,

the

ande

sitic

vol

cani

c Tu

ttle

Lake

Fm

., w

hich

unc

onfo

rmab

ly o

verli

es th

e S

ailo

r C

anyo

n F

m.,

may

be

gene

tical

ly r

elat

ed to

the

Em

igra

nt G

ap p

luto

n (1

63-1

64 M

a) o

f thi

s ac

cret

iona

ry e

piso

de (

see

Har

woo

d,

1992

).

Dur

ing

a la

te s

tage

or

shor

tly fo

llow

ing

the

Rat

lesn

ake

Cre

ek e

piso

de o

f bot

h pr

ovin

ces,

La

te J

uras

sic

volc

anic

arc

s re

pres

ente

d by

the

Rog

ue a

nd L

ogto

wn

Rid

ge F

ms.

eru

pted

wes

t of t

he

accr

etio

nary

sut

ures

, and

wer

e fo

llow

ed b

y w

ides

prea

d de

posi

tion

of th

e ov

erly

ing

clas

tic G

alic

e an

d M

arip

osa

Fm

s. T

hese

vol

cani

c an

d cl

astic

form

atio

ns a

re d

escr

ibed

as

prea

ccre

tiona

ry u

nits

in th

e fo

llow

ing

epis

ode.

WE

ST

ER

N K

LAM

ATH

EP

ISO

DE

In

the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

the

prot

o S

mith

Riv

er a

nd R

ogue

Val

ley

subt

erra

nes

wer

e su

bduc

ted

bene

ath

the

Rat

tlesn

ake

Cre

ek te

rran

e al

ong

the

Bea

r Wal

low

and

cor

rela

tive

faul

ts. T

he S

mith

Riv

er

subt

erra

ne c

onsi

sts

of th

e Jo

seph

ine

ophi

olite

ove

rlain

by

thin

-bed

ded

volc

anop

elag

ic s

trat

a w

hich

in

turn

are

ove

rlain

by

Gal

ice

Fm

. (bl

ack

stip

ple

patte

rn).

Zirc

ons

from

pla

giog

rani

te o

f the

oph

iolit

e yi

eld

a C

allo

vian

age

(16

2 M

a; S

alee

by, 1

987)

. The

vol

cano

pela

gic

stra

ta c

onta

in m

id-m

iddl

e O

xfor

dian

rad

io-

laria

ns (

Pes

sagn

o an

d B

lom

e, 1

990)

. The

Rog

ue V

alle

y su

bter

rane

con

sist

s m

ainl

y of

Rog

ue F

m a

nd th

e co

nfor

mab

ly o

verly

ing

Gal

ice

Fm

. The

Rog

ue F

m c

onsi

sts

of b

asal

tic a

nd a

ndes

itic

rock

s th

at r

epre

sent

a

volc

anic

arc

. Zirc

on fr

om tu

ff in

the

Rou

ge F

m i

ndic

ates

an

Oxf

ordi

an a

ge (

157

Ma;

Sal

eeby

, 198

4)

and

that

the

Rog

ue is

com

para

ble

in a

ge to

the

volc

anop

elag

ic u

nit t

hat o

verli

es th

e Jo

seph

ine

ophi

olite

. T

he G

alic

e F

m. a

t the

type

loca

lity

in th

e R

ogue

Val

ley

subt

erra

ne c

onta

ins

mid

-mid

dle

Oxf

ordi

an r

adio

-la

rians

at i

ts b

ase

whe

re it

res

ts o

n R

ogue

Fm

, and

hig

her

in th

e G

alic

e ar

e am

mon

ites

and

Buc

hia

conc

entr

ica

of m

iddl

e O

xfor

dian

to e

arly

Kim

mer

idgi

an a

ge (

Pes

sagn

o an

d B

lom

e, 1

990)

. Lar

ge ir

regu

-la

ritie

s in

the

pres

ent t

race

of t

he a

ccre

tiona

ry s

utur

e w

ere

caus

ed b

y po

st-a

ccre

tion

defo

rmat

ion

and

loca

l ero

sion

of t

he u

pper

pla

te, s

o th

at th

e G

alic

e F

m. o

f the

acc

retin

g pl

ate

is s

een

to h

ave

been

sub

-du

cted

man

y m

iles

east

war

d be

neat

h th

e R

attle

snak

e C

reek

terr

ane.

The

Sum

mit

Val

ley

(150

Ma)

and

P

ony

Pea

k (1

46 M

a) a

ccre

tiona

ry p

luto

ns c

ut b

oth

the

Gal

ice

Fm

and

ove

rlyin

g R

attle

snak

e C

reek

te

rran

e (S

alee

by a

nd H

arpe

r, 19

93),

con

stra

inin

g th

e ag

e of

the

accr

etio

nary

sut

ure.

The

~16

0 M

a pl

uton

s in

the

Rat

tlesn

ake

Cre

ek te

rran

e ab

ove

the

accr

etio

nary

sut

ure

pres

umab

ly w

ere

trun

cate

d by

th

e un

dert

hrus

ting

and

now

are

roo

tless

. The

onl

y ~

160

Ma

plut

on s

how

n in

the

prot

o W

este

rn K

lam

ath

terr

ane

is to

nalit

e of

the

Che

tco

com

plex

of t

he D

ry B

utte

sub

terr

ane,

but

its

poss

ible

rel

atio

n to

the

Rog

ue v

olca

nic

arc

is n

ot c

lear

.

The

trac

e of

the

accr

etio

nary

sut

ure

in th

e S

ierr

a N

evad

a is

mar

kedl

y di

ffere

nt th

an th

at o

f the

K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns. A

SW

-NE

cro

ss s

ectio

n, d

raw

n ju

st N

of t

he G

uada

lupe

com

plex

by

Sch

wei

cker

t and

ot

hers

(19

99, F

ig. 4

A),

sho

ws

the

Jura

ssic

vol

cani

c an

d se

dim

enta

ry s

trat

a be

twee

n th

e S

onor

a fa

ult a

nd

allu

vial

edg

e of

the

Gre

at V

alle

y as

an

imbr

icat

e se

ries

of s

teep

ly e

ast-

dipp

ing

wes

t-ve

rgen

t fol

ds a

nd

thru

sts:

The

terr

ane

boun

dary

sut

ures

als

o ar

e sh

own

as s

teep

ly e

ast-

dipp

ing

thru

sts.

The

fold

str

uctu

res

are

intr

uded

by

the

151

Ma

Gua

dalu

pe C

ompl

ex. T

he a

ccre

tiona

ry s

utur

e is

alo

ng th

e ea

ster

n bo

unda

ry

of th

e M

othe

r Lo

de te

rran

e, g

ener

aly

coin

cidi

ng w

ith th

e M

elon

es F

ault.

The

Mar

ipos

a F

m. (

blac

k st

ippl

e pa

ttern

) of

the

Mot

her

Lode

terr

ane

is e

xpos

ed a

lmos

t con

tinuo

usly

alo

ng th

e w

est s

ide

of th

e M

elon

es

faul

t, fr

om th

e so

uth

end

of e

xpos

ure

near

Mar

ipos

a to

mor

e th

an 1

00 m

iles

nort

hwar

d to

nea

r th

e la

titud

e of

Aub

urn

whe

re it

dis

appe

ars

bene

ath

the

olde

r ro

cks

of th

e A

mer

ican

Riv

er, C

ool Q

uarr

y, a

nd M

ount

A

rara

t ter

rane

s, a

few

mile

s so

uth

of th

e la

titud

e of

the

Yuba

Riv

ers

plut

on. T

here

, the

Cen

tral

bel

t is1

0 m

iles

wid

e an

d is

sep

arat

ed fr

om th

e C

alav

eras

terr

ane

by th

e M

elon

es fa

ult.

As

show

n in

cro

ss s

ectio

n at

that

latit

ude

by G

raym

er a

nd J

ones

(19

94, F

ig. 7

) th

e C

entr

al b

elt i

s m

ainl

y a

serie

s of

imbr

icat

e st

eepl

y ea

st-d

ippi

ng th

rust

sla

bs o

f Log

tow

n R

idge

and

Mar

ipos

a F

ms

(Mot

her

Lode

terr

ane)

that

are

upw

ardl

y tr

unca

ted

and

over

lain

by

defo

rmed

thru

st s

lices

of P

erm

ian,

Tria

ssic

, and

Ear

ly to

Mid

dle

Jura

ssic

roc

ks

of th

e A

mer

ican

Riv

er, C

ool Q

uarr

y, a

nd M

ount

Ara

rat t

erra

nes.

The

Mot

her

Lode

terr

ane

and

over

lyin

g as

sem

blag

e of

old

er r

ocks

are

cut

by

the

143

Ma

Col

oma

plut

on w

hich

is tr

unca

ted

on th

e ea

st b

y th

e M

elon

es fa

ult.

The

str

uctu

re in

bot

h cr

oss

sect

ions

indi

cate

s an

E-W

str

ongl

y co

mpr

essi

onal

env

iron-

men

t fol

low

ing

depo

sitio

n of

the

Mar

ipos

a F

m. (

post

ear

ly K

imm

erid

gian

). T

he p

rese

nce

of M

arip

osa

and

Logt

own

Rid

ge F

ms.

lyin

g st

ruct

ural

ly b

enea

th a

n as

sem

blag

e of

sub

stan

tially

old

er r

ocks

of t

heC

entr

al b

elt i

s re

min

isce

nt o

f the

Gal

ice

and

Rog

ue F

ms.

lyin

g be

neat

h R

attle

snak

e C

reek

terr

ane

in

the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

and

lead

s to

spe

cula

tion

as to

how

far

nort

hwar

d in

the

Cen

tral

bel

t thi

s st

ruct

ural

re

latio

nshi

p ex

tend

s. T

his

boun

dary

bet

wee

n th

e M

othe

r Lo

de te

rran

e an

d ov

erly

ing

olde

r ro

cks

is h

erei

n co

nsid

ered

par

t of t

he a

ccre

tiona

ry s

utur

e. F

rom

the

nort

h en

d of

the

Mot

her

Lode

terr

ane

the

accr

etio

n-ar

y su

ture

tren

ds ir

regu

larly

sou

thw

ard

to jo

in th

e B

ear

Mou

ntai

ns F

ault.

The

re it

abr

uptly

tren

ds n

orth

-w

ard

alon

g th

e B

ear

Mou

ntai

ns-W

olf C

reek

-Big

Ben

d fa

ult s

yste

m, c

uttin

g th

e Yu

ba R

iver

s pl

uton

and

fo

rmin

g th

e ea

ster

n ac

cret

iona

ry b

ound

ary

of th

e S

mar

tvill

e C

ompl

ex w

ith it

s ab

unda

nt p

reac

cret

iona

ry

~16

0 M

a pl

uton

s, s

heet

ed d

ikes

, and

ass

ocia

ted

Jura

ssic

vol

cani

c an

d se

dim

enta

ry r

ocks

. T

he e

xten

t to

whi

ch th

e po

stac

cret

iona

ry m

ovem

ents

on

the

Mel

ones

Fau

lt m

ay h

ave

mod

ified

the

map

pat

tern

of t

he

accr

etio

nary

sut

ure

is n

ot c

lear

. A fe

w g

ener

ally

sm

all ~

150

Ma

plut

ons

intr

ude

rock

s of

the

accr

etin

g te

rran

e yo

ung

as L

ate

Jura

ssic

(M

arip

osa

Fm

.) a

s in

the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

, and

one

plu

ton

cuts

the

Cal

aver

as-S

hoo

Fly

Fau

lt. V

olca

nic

equi

vale

nts

of th

e ~

150

Ma

plut

ons

are

not e

vide

nt.

to q

uart

z di

orite

. He

assi

gned

som

e of

thes

e to

the

Hog

Mou

ntai

n su

ite o

f plu

tons

(K

-Ar

on p

lagi

ocla

se;

166

and

167

Ma)

and

oth

ers

to th

e K

ettle

Mou

ntai

n su

ite (

K-A

r on

pla

gioc

lase

; 120

-130

Ma)

. The

se

smal

l plu

tons

may

wel

l be

coev

al w

ith th

e ge

ogra

phic

ally

ass

ocia

ted

Arv

ison

and

Bag

ley,

but

alth

ough

th

eir

K/A

r is

otop

ic a

ges

are

here

in c

onsi

dere

d su

spec

t, th

ey a

re s

how

n te

ntat

ivel

y as

plu

tons

rel

ated

to

late

r ep

isod

es.

In

the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

acc

retio

nary

plu

tons

rel

ated

to th

e N

orth

For

k ep

isod

e ha

ve n

ot

been

rec

ogni

zed.

How

ever

, and

esiti

c vo

lcan

ic r

ocks

(gr

een

patte

rn)

rela

ted

to th

e N

orth

For

k ep

isod

e oc

cur

in th

e S

ailo

r C

anyo

n F

m a

nd in

the

Mou

nt J

ura

and

Ket

tle R

ock

sequ

ence

s of

the

Nor

ther

n S

ierr

a te

rran

e.

EA

ST

ER

N H

AYF

OR

K E

PIS

OD

E

Pro

tolit

hs o

f the

Eas

tern

Hay

fork

sub

terr

ane

wer

e su

bduc

ted

bene

ath

the

Nor

th F

ork

terr

ane

alon

g th

e Tw

in S

iste

rs a

nd c

orre

lativ

e fa

ults

. T

he p

roto

liths

wer

e a

mel

ange

of

ocea

nic

rock

s co

nsis

t-in

g of

min

or s

erpe

ntin

ite, s

edim

enta

ry a

nd v

olca

nic

rock

s, c

hert

, lim

esto

ne, a

nd s

catte

red

bloc

ks o

f sc

hist

. Fos

sils

in th

e ch

ert a

nd li

mes

tone

are

mai

nly

Late

Per

mia

n an

d Tr

iass

ic. N

one

is c

lear

ly J

ur-

assi

c. S

ome

of th

e La

te P

erm

ian

foss

ils a

re o

f Tet

hyan

faun

as (

note

d by

T s

ymbo

l) th

at a

re u

nkno

wn

in m

ost o

f Nor

th A

mer

ica.

The

age

of t

he a

ccre

tiona

ry e

piso

de is

poo

rly c

onst

rain

ed a

nd is

est

imat

ed

to b

e ~

180,

app

roxi

mat

ely

mid

way

bet

wee

n th

e pr

eced

ing

and

follo

win

g ep

isod

es. A

ccre

tiona

ry p

luto

ns

rela

ted

to th

e E

aste

rn H

ayfo

rk e

piso

de a

re u

nkno

wn

in th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns. H

owev

er, v

olca

nism

re

late

d to

the

epis

ode

may

be

repr

esen

ted

by th

e P

otem

Fm

(gr

een

patte

rn)

whi

ch is

the

high

est s

trat

i-gr

aphi

c un

it of

the

Red

ding

sub

terr

ane.

The

Pot

em F

m in

clud

es tu

fface

ous

sand

ston

e an

d co

arse

py

rocl

astic

bed

s an

d is

late

Plie

nsba

chia

n to

ear

ly B

atho

nian

in a

ge.

In

the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

acc

retio

nary

plu

tons

of t

his

age

are

not k

now

n. S

ome

limes

tone

blo

cks

in m

elan

ge o

f the

Cen

tral

bel

t con

tain

Per

mia

n fu

sulin

ids

of T

ethy

an fa

unal

affi

nity

whi

ch a

re s

how

n he

re to

indi

cate

that

the

mul

ti-te

rran

e C

entr

al b

elt p

roba

bly

incl

udes

som

e ro

cks

equi

vale

nt to

the

Eas

tern

Hay

fork

terr

ane.

And

esiti

c vo

lcan

ism

con

tinue

d in

the

Jura

ssic

vol

cani

c ar

c of

the

Nor

ther

n S

ierr

a te

rran

e du

ring

this

epi

sode

.

WE

ST

ER

N H

AYF

OR

K E

PIS

OD

E

Pro

tolit

hs o

f the

Wes

tern

Hay

fork

sub

terr

ane

wer

e a

volc

anic

arc

that

was

acc

rete

d to

the

Eas

tern

Hay

fork

sub

terr

ane

alon

g th

e W

ilson

Poi

nt a

nd c

orre

lativ

e fa

ults

. The

arc

con

sist

ed o

f Hay

fork

B

ally

Met

a-an

desi

te a

nd o

f cog

enet

ic p

luto

ns (

solid

gre

en)

incl

udin

g th

e Ir

onsi

de M

ount

ain

bath

olith

. T

hese

pre

accr

etio

nary

roc

ks r

ange

from

177

to 1

68 M

a in

isot

opic

age

, the

you

nges

t of w

hich

is

assu

med

to a

ppro

xim

ate

the

time

of a

ccre

tion.

The

Den

ny C

ompl

ex p

resu

mab

ly is

acc

retio

nary

in th

e E

aste

rn H

ayfo

rk s

ubte

rran

e. In

the

cent

ral a

nd n

orth

ern

part

s of

the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

, the

Eas

tern

H

ayfo

rk a

nd W

este

rn H

ayfo

rk s

ubte

rran

es a

re n

ot c

lear

ly d

istin

guis

hed

and

are

show

n to

geth

er a

s un

divi

ded

Hay

fork

terr

ane.

The

Squ

aw M

ount

ain

and

For

ks o

f Sal

mon

plu

tons

are

pre

sum

ably

pre

-ac

cret

iona

ry in

und

ivid

ed H

ayfo

rk te

rran

e. A

s pr

evio

usly

not

ed, t

he H

ogba

ck M

ount

ain

suite

of s

mal

l pl

uton

s (K

-Ar

167

and

166

Ma)

is h

ere

show

n in

the

Jura

ssic

str

ata

of th

e R

eddi

ng s

ubte

rran

e an

d, if

th

e is

otop

ic a

ges

are

corr

ect,

wou

ld b

e co

nsid

ered

acc

retio

nary

plu

tons

of t

he W

este

rn H

ayfo

rk e

piso

de.

In

the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

acc

retio

nary

plu

tons

(so

lid g

reen

) of

the

Wes

tern

Hay

fork

epi

sode

are

nu

mer

ous,

intr

udin

g th

e C

alav

eras

terr

rane

, and

the

Sho

o F

ly C

ompl

ex a

nd J

uras

sic

volc

anic

arc

(gr

een

patte

rn)

of th

e N

orth

ern

Sie

rra

terr

ane.

Som

e of

thes

e pl

uton

s ar

e cu

t by

the

Mel

ones

and

Cal

aver

as-

Sho

o F

ly fa

ults

. The

acc

retio

nary

Hay

pres

s C

reek

plu

ton

(Z 1

66 M

a) in

trud

es th

e S

ailo

r C

anyo

n F

m

whi

ch is

ear

ly B

ajoc

ian

and

olde

r Ju

rass

ic in

age

. Ove

rlyin

g th

e S

ailo

r C

anyo

n F

m is

the

vol

cani

c-ric

h an

d sl

ight

ly y

oung

er J

uras

sic

Tuttl

e La

ke F

m. N

orth

war

d th

e Ju

rass

ic v

olca

nic

arc

incl

udes

dom

inan

tly

ande

sitic

vol

cani

c ro

cks

of th

e M

ount

Jur

a an

d K

ettle

Roc

k se

quen

ces.

The

Sca

les

plut

on (

Z 1

68 M

a),

show

n w

est o

f the

acc

retio

nary

sut

ure,

intr

uded

upw

ard

from

the

Fid

dle

Cre

ek c

ompl

ex (

uppe

r P

aleo

-zo

ic to

Jur

assi

c (?

)) in

to a

n ov

erth

rust

pla

te o

f the

Low

er J

uras

sic

Sla

te C

reek

com

plex

(S

alee

by a

nd

othe

rs, 1

989)

, the

reby

est

ablis

hing

a m

inim

um a

ge fo

r th

e am

algm

atio

n of

the

Fid

dle

Cre

ek a

nd S

late

C

reek

com

plex

es.

RAT

TLE

SN

AK

E C

RE

EK

EP

ISO

DE

T

he R

attle

snak

e C

reek

terr

ane

of th

e K

lam

ath

Mou

ntai

ns a

nd th

e C

entr

al b

elt o

f the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada

are

sim

ilar

com

plex

es th

at in

dica

te s

ubst

antia

l tec

toni

c di

srup

tion

of th

e oc

eani

c cr

usta

l and

vo

lcan

ic a

rc r

ocks

wes

t of t

he a

ccre

tiona

ry s

utur

e. B

oth

com

plex

es in

clud

e di

smem

bere

d op

hiol

ite,

slab

s of

maf

ic v

olca

nic

and

sedi

men

tary

form

atio

ns, r

adio

laria

n ch

ert,

min

or li

mes

tone

, and

blo

cks

of

amph

ibol

ite. I

n th

e S

ierr

a N

evad

a, th

e C

entr

al b

elt h

as b

een

map

ped

as e

ight

or

mor

e in

divi

dual

te

rran

es (

see

She

et 1

). B

oth

com

plex

es c

onta

in P

erm

ian,

Tria

ssic

, and

Ear

ly a

nd M

iddl

e Ju

rass

ic fo

ssils

. B

oth

com

plex

es in

clud

e pr

eacc

retio

nary

~20

0 M

a pl

uton

s.

P

roto

liths

of t

he R

attle

snak

e C

reek

terr

ane

wer

e s

ubdu

cted

ben

eath

the

Wes

tern

Hay

fork

su

bter

rane

alo

ng th

e S

alt C

reek

and

cor

rela

tive

faul

ts. F

ossi

ls in

the

limes

tone

ran

ge fr

om la

teP

aleo

zoic

to T

riass

ic. T

hose

in c

hert

are

mos

tly T

riass

ic a

nd E

arly

to M

iddl

e Ju

rass

ic, s

ome

of

whi

ch m

ay b

e as

you

ng a

s B

atho

nian

. Dur

ing

the

accr

etio

nary

epi

sode

, man

y la

rge

~16

0 M

a pl

uton

s in

trud

ed th

e W

este

rn H

ayfo

rk a

nd o

ther

str

uctu

rally

hig

her

terr

anes

, inc

ludi

ng th

e Tr

inity

Com

plex

. T

he ti

me

of a

ccre

tion

is b

road

ly c

onst

rain

ed to

Cal

lovi

an-O

xfor

dian

(~

160

Ma)

by

the

Mid

dle

Jura

ssic

foss

ils, a

nd b

y th

e ab

unda

nce

of ~

160

Ma

accr

etio

nary

plu

tons

.In

the

Sie

rra

Nev

ada,

the

Cen

tral

bel

t inc

lude

s m

any

smal

l oce

anic

vol

cani

c ar

c te

rran

es o

f pr

obab

le T

riass

ic a

nd E

arly

Jur

assi

c ag

e, o

phio

litic

roc

ks, r

are

Car

boni

fero

us a

nd P

erm

ian

limes

tone

, ch

ert c

onta

inin

g La

te T

riass

ic a

nd E

arly

Jur

assi

c ra

diol

aria

ns, a

nd s

mal

l Ear

ly J

uras

sic

(~20

0 M

a) p

re-

2003

Not

e: c

m C

entr

al M

etam

orph

ic te

rran

e

ek

Eas

tern

Kla

mat

h te

rran

e

fj

For

t Jon

es te

rran

e

wk

Wes

tern

Kla

mat

h te

rran

e

Bc

Buc

hia

conc

entr

ica

Tet

hyan

faun

a

Vol

cani

c un

it

Early Cretaceous subduction zone at uncertain distance and lo

cation west o

f Sierra

Nevada

Aub

urn

Aub

urn

Aub

urn

Z18

2Z

200

Z19

6

Z19

0Z

199 Z19

8

Gal

ice

Fm

Bc

BcB

c

Bc

RED

DIN

G

YR

EKA

Yrekasubterra

ne

Red

ding

Red

ding

Red

ding

Red

ding

subt

erra

nesu

bter

rane

subt

erra

nesu

bter

rane

Late

Silu

rian

(?) t

o D

evon

ian

time

(Devonian or older volcanic and sedimentary rocks) Proto Central Metamorphic terrane

Bul

ly C

hoop

Fau

lt

Cen

tral

Met

amor

phic

epi

sode

RED

DIN

G

YR

EKA

Trin

itysu

bter

rane

Yreka subterrane

(Metamorphosed Triassic and older oceanic subduction complex)

Perm

ian–

Tria

ssic

tim

e

Central Metamorphic terrane

ek

ek

Pro

to S

iski

you

Faul

t

Proto Fort Jones terrane

F

ort J

ones

Epi

sode

RED

DIN

G

YR

EKA

Trin

itysu

bter

rane

Yreka subterraneEa

rly

Jura

ssic

tim

e

(Permian to Early Jurassic oceanic subduction complex)

ek

ek

Sis

kiyo

u Fa

ult

Central Metamorphic terrane

Fort Jones terrane

Proto North Fork Terrane

f j

Nor

th F

ork

epis

ode

North Fork terrane

Central Metamorphic terraneFort Jones terrane

Yreka subterrane Trin

itysu

bter

rane

RED

DIN

G

YR

EKA

earl

y(?)

Mid

dle

Jura

ssic

(~

Bajo

cian

) tim

e ?

Proto Eastern Hayfork terrane (exotic oceanic melange)

Twin

Sis

ters

Fau

lt

ek

ek

E

aste

rn H

ayfo

rk e

piso

dela

te M

idd

le Ju

rass

ic (B

atho

nian

to e

arly

Cal

lovi

an) t

ime

Trin

itysu

bter

rane

Yreka subterraneCentral Metamorphic te

rrane

Fort Jones terrane

North Fork terrane

Eastern Hayfork

terrane

RED

DIN

G

YR

EKA

Wils

on P

oint

Fau

lt

ek

ek

Wes

tern

Hay

fork

epi

sode

YR

EK

A

RE

DD

ING

Trin

itysu

bter

rane

Yreka subterrane

Central Metamorphic terrane

Eastern Hayfork

terra

ne

Western H

ayfork

terra

ne

Proto Rattlesnake Creek terrane (ophiolitic m

elange)

late

Mid

dle

to e

arly

Lat

e Ju

rass

ic(C

allo

vian

to e

arly

Oxf

ord

ian)

tim

e

Sal

t Cre

ek F

ault

ek

ek

Rat

tlesn

ake

Cre

ek e

piso

deL

ate

Jura

ssic

(lat

e K

imm

erid

gian

to

earl

y Ti

thon

ian)

tim

e (~

150

Ma)

Wes

tern

Kla

mat

h ep

isod

e

YR

EK

A RE

DD

ING

Trin

itysu

bter

rane

Yrekasubterra

ne

North Fork terrane

Fort Jones terrane

Eastern Hayfork terrane

Western Hay

fork te

rrane

Rattlesnake

Creek

terrane

Western Klamath terrane

Proto Pickett Peak terrane, Coast Ranges province

Sou

th F

ork

Faul

t

w w

ek

ek

Ear

ly C

reta

ceou

s ti

me

(~14

0 M

a to

~12

0 M

a)

Sepa

ratio

n e

piso

de

RE

DD

ING

YR

EK

A

Trin

itysu

bter

rane

Yreka subterrane

Fort Jones terraneCentral Metamorphic te

rrane

North Fork terrane

Eastern Hayfork terrane

Western Hay

fork te

rrane

Rattlesn

ake C

reek terra

ne

Bea

r Wal

low

Fau

lt

ek

ek

f jf j

cmcm

wk

f jf j

f j

cm

f j

cm

f jf j

cm

f j

cm

Figu

re 1

.Fi

gure

2.

Figu

re 3

.Fi

gure

4.

Figu

re 5

.Fi

gure

6.

Figu

re 7

.Fi

gure

8.

Red

ding

s

ubte

rran

eR

eddi

ng

sub

terr

ane

Red

ding

s

ubte

rran

eR

eddi

ng

sub

terr

ane

T

Ind

ex m

ap s

how

ing

pres

ent g

eogr

aphi

c al

ignm

ent o

f the

Kla

mat

h M

ount

ains

an

d th

e Si

erra

Nev

ada.

The

figu

res

show

n in

the

succ

essi

on o

f acc

reti

onar

y ep

isod

es a

re m

isal

igne

d fo

r ill

ustr

ativ

e co

nven

ienc

e.

Sou

th F

ork

Mtn

Sch

ist

Mar

ipos

a F

m

U. S

. DE

PAR

TM

EN

T O

F T

HE

INT

ER

IOR

U. S

. GE

OL

OG

ICA

L SU

RV

EY

Z14

0Z

140 Z14

0

Z13

8

Z14

3

Z14

2

Z13

3

Z14

1Z

142

Z12

8Z14

2

Z14

2

Z14

8

Z15

0

Z14

7

Z14

9

Z14

6

Z15

1Z

151

Z15

2Z

150

Z20

4

Z19

6

Z16

4

Z19

3

Z20

5

Z16

2Z16

2Z

159

Z16

4Z

163

Z16

2

Z16

3Z

165 Z

162 Z16

6

Z16

2

Z16

4

Z16

3

Z15

9

Z20

7

Z20

9

Z15

9

Z16

1 Z15

8Z

163

Z16

0

Z15

9

Z15

9

Z15

9

Z16

8

Z17

7

Z17

0 Z17

3

Z16

6

Z17

0

Z16

8

Z17

0 Z17

5Z~

165

Z16

6

Z30

4

Z28

6

Z36

8

Z31

4

Z42

3

Z38

8Z

409

Z38

5Z

385

Z38

5

Z21

6

Z15

1

Z16

2

Z37

8

Z13

9

Z14

1-1

45

b 13

6

h 13

7H

138

Z 1

41-1

45

Z 1

36

Z 1

42-1

45

Z 1

47-1

51

Z 1

47-1

51

Z 1

49

Z 1

50Z 1

46

Z 1

53Z

149

H 1

48

Z 1

54

Z 1

48Z

155

-160

Z 1

93

Z 1

93

Z 2

07

Z 1

98

h 18

9

Z 1

93-2

08

RS

162

Z~

159

Z 1

62

Z~

160

-1

64Z16

2H

165

Z~

161

H 1

67

Z 1

62

Z~

160Z

~16

0

Z 1

56

Z 1

70 Z~

169

Z 1

69

Z 1

70

Z~

168

Z~

170

Z 1

74

Z 1

74

p~16

7

Z 2

60

Z~

567

Z 4

15 Z 4

04

Z 4

31

H 4

18

439

Z 4

00

T T

T

T T

T

h 13

8

p 12

0-13

0

Fort Jones terrane

North Fork terrane

Proto Western Hayfork terrane (volcanic island arc)

Proto Western Klamath terrane

Central Metamorphic terra

ne

Trin

itysu

bter

rane

Continued subduction of oceanic complex

Continued subduction of oceanic complex

Abr

ams

and

Sal

mon

Sch

ists

McC

loud

faun

a

McC

loud

faun

a

OPE

N-F

ILE

RE

POR

T 0

2-49

0

SH

EE

T 2

0F

2


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